DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

QEOROE OTIS SMITH, Dieector 



Water-supply Paper 318 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII 



1909-1911 



PfiBPABED UNDEB THB DIBEOTION Off M. 0. XJ^aHTON 



BY 



W. F. MARTIN AND 0. H. PIERCE 




WASHINGTON 

QOVBBNMENT PRINTING OFPIOB 

rcp-raar 1913 





aass_GLB-a_M/ 



♦^^''^ 



Jio 



DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEr 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director 



Water- SUPPLX Paper 318 



SJJ. 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII 

1909-1911 



PEEPARED UNDEE THE DIRECTION OF M. 0. LEIGHTON 



BY 



W. F. MARTIN AND C. H. PIERCE 




WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 
1913 



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•ON 



CONTENTS. 



Pag*. 

Authority for investigations 11 

Cooperation and acknowledgments 12 

Purpose and scope of invstigations 15 

Field methods for measuring stream flow 16 

Base data 16 

Weir meafiurements 17 

Velocity-area method 19 

Definition of terms 23 

Convenient equivalents 25 

Office methods of computing and studying discharge and run-off 26 

Explanation of tables 29 

Accuracy and reliability of field data and comparative results 31 

Gaging stations maintained in Hawaii 32 

Island of Kauai 36 

General features 36 

Waimea River basin 39 

General features 39 

Waimea River near Waimea 40 

Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea 43 

Waikoali Stream near Waimea 48 

Mohihi Streamnear Waimea 52 

Waialae Stream near Waimea 56 

Kekaha ditch at intake near Waimea 59 

Kekaha ditch at flume No. 3, near Waimea 62 

Kekaha ditch at siphon, near Waimea 63 

Kekaha ditch at weir, below tunnel No. 12, hear Waimea 64 

Waimea ditch near Waimea 67 

Kamenehune ditch near Waimea 68 

Makaweli River basin 70 

General features 70 

Makaweli River near Waimea 70 

Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12 near Makaweli 71 

Poowaiomahaihai ditch near Waimea 75 

Hanapepe River basin 76 

General features 76 

Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele 77 

Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele 78 

Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele 81 

Hanapepe ditch at Koula near Eleele 82 

Hanapepe ditch at weir near Makaweli 85 

Hiloa Stream at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele 86 

Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele 87 

Hanamaulu River 88 

Hanamaulu River at K^paia, near Lihue 88 

3 



4 CONTENTS. 

Island of Kauai — Continued. Page. 

Wailua River basin 90 

General features 90 

South Fork of Wailua River at siphon, near Lihue 91 

South Fork of Wailua River above Waiehu Falls \ 94 

Lihue ditch near Lihue 95 

Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue 98 

North Fork Wailua River near Lihue 101 

Kanaha ditch near Lihue 105 

Konohiki and Kaehulua Stream basins 106 

Weir stations near Kapaa 106 

Kapaa River basin Ill 

General features Ill 

Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa Ill 

Akulikuli Springs near Kapaa 114 

Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa 115 

Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa 118 

Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa 121 

Pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa 123 

Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia 125 

Anahola River basin 128 

General features 128 

Anahola River above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia 129 

Anahola River at Kiokala dam, near Kealia 130 

Anahola ditch at Kiokala, near Kealia 132 

Anahola ditch at Makai weir, near Kealia 135 

Hanalei River basin 137 

General features 137 

Hanalei River near Hanalei 138 

China ditch near Hanalei 138 

Wainiha River basin 139 

General features 139 

Wainiha River at power house, near Wainiha 139 

Wainiha canal at intake, near Wainiha 139 

Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainiha 141 

Wainiha canal at tailrace, near Wainiha 142 

Miscellaneous measurements on Kauai Island 143 

Pumped water on Kauai 144 

Island of Oahu 145 

General features 145 

Palolo Stream basin 148 

General features 148 

Waiomao Stream at 950-foot elevation, near Honolulu 149 

Waiomao Stream above Pukele Stream, near Honolulu 149 

Miscellaneous measurements 151 

Manoa Stream basin 152 

General features 152 

Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu 152 

Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu 155 

Manoa Stream at Waialae Road, near Honolulu 157 

Miscellaneous measurements - 159 

Pauoa Stream basin 160 

General features 160 

Pauoa Stream in Pauoa Valley, near Honolulu 160 

Miscellaneous measurements 162 



CONTENTS. 5 

Island of Oahu — Continued. Page. 

Nuuanu Stream basin 163 

General features 163 

Nuuanu Stream at Kuakini Street, Honolulu 163 

Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu 164 

Luakaha weir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu 166 

Miscellaneous measurements 168 

Kalihi Stream basin 168 

Kaukonahua Stream basin 169 

General features 169 

South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa 169 

North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa 170 

Wahiawa reservoir ditch near Wahiawa . . , 171 

Waianae Stream basin 173 

Kaipapau Stream basin 173 

Kaipapau Stream near Hauula 173 

Kaluanui Stream basin 174 

Kaluanui Stream near Hauula ] 74 

Miscellaneous measiu-ements 175 

Pimaluu Stream basin 176 

Punaluu Stream near Hauula 176 

Miscellaneous measurements 176 

Kahana Stream basin 177 

Waikane Stream basin 177 

Waiahoie Stream basin 178 

General features 178 

Waiahoie Stream at Manianiaula near Waikane 178 

Waiahoie Stream at Waiahoie near Waikane 180 

Waihi Stream near Waikane 181 

Halona Stream near Waikane 182 

Waianu Stream near Waikane 182 

Miscellaneous measurements 183 

Kaneohe Stream basin , . . 184 

Kailua Stream basin 185 

Waimanalo Stream basin 185 

General miscellaneous measurements -. 186 

Springs and artesian wells 187 

Use and character 187 

Miscellaneous measurements 188 

Well sections 191 

Summaries of pumped water 193 

Water pumped by Honolulu Plantation Co 193 

Water pumped by Oahu Sugar Co 193 

Water pumped by Ewa Plantation Co 194 

Water pumped by Waialua Agricultural Co 195 

Island of Molokai 196 

General features 196 

Water resources 197 

Island of Maui 197 

General features. 197 

West Maui 199 

Waihee Stream basin 199 

General features 199 

Waihee Stream near Waihee 199 

Waihee canal near Waihee 202 



b CONTENTS. 

Island of Maui — Continued. 
West Maui — Continued. 

Waihee Stream basin— Continued. Paga 

Waihee canal at weir near Wailuku 205 

Spreckels ditch near Waihee 206 

Spreckels ditch at Waiale weir near Wailuku 208 

Waiehu Stream basin 210 

General features 210 

North Waiehu Stream near Wailuku 211 

North Waiehu ditch near Wailuku 212 

South Waiehu Stream near Wailuku 215 

lao Stream basin 218 

General features 218 

lao Stream near Wailuku 218 

Maniania ditch near Wailuku 222 

Waikapu Stream basin 225 

General features 225 

Waikapu Stream near Waikapu 225 

South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu 228 

Palolo (Everett) ditch near Waikapu 231 

Ukumehame Stream basin 234 

General features 234 

Ukumehame Stream near Olowalu 234 

Olowalu Stream basin 235 

Olowalu ditch No. 1 near Olowalu. 235 

Launiupoko Stream basin 236 

Launiupoko Stream near Lahaina 236 

Kauaula Stream basin 237 

General features 237 

Kauaula Stream near Lahaina 238 

Kauaula weirs Nos. 1, 2, and 3 near Lahaina 238 

Lahainaluna Stream basin 239 

General features 239 

Lahainaluna Stream near Lahaina 239 

Lahainaluna weirs Nos. 1 and 2 near Lahaina 241 

Kahoma Stream basin 241 

General featiires 241 

Kahoma Stream near Lahaina 242 

Kahoma Stream at weirs Nos. 1 and 2, near Lahaina 242 

Kahoma ditch at weir near Lahaina 243 

Honokawai Stream basin 244 

General featiu-es 244 

Honokawai Stream near Lahaina 244 

Honokawai Stream at weir No. 1 near Lahaina 245 

Honolua Stream basin 246 

General features 246 

Honolua Stream near Honokahau 246 

Honolua ditch near Honokahau 247 

Honokahau Stream basin 247 

General features 247 

Honokahau Stream near Honokahau 247 

Honokahau ditch at intake, near Honokahau 248 

Honokahau ditch above Honolua Stream, near Honokahau 252 

Honokahau ditch at Honokawai weir, near Lahaina 254 



CONTENTS. 7 

Island of Maui — Continued. 

West Maui — Continued, Page. 

Miscellaneous measurements 256 

Pumped water on West Maui 258 

East Maui 259 

The ditch country 259 

Koolau ditch region 260 

General features 260 

Koolau ditch near Keanae 260 

Koolau ditch at Alo division wier, near Huelo 262 

Spreckles ditch region 268 

General features 268 

Haipuaena Stream near Huelo 268 

Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo 271 

Alo Stream near Huelo 274 

Waikamoi Stream near Huelo 276 

Oopuola Stream near Huelo 278 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo 281 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 2, near Huelo 284 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 3, near Huelo 285 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 4, near Huelo 287 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 5, near Huelo 290 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 6, near Huelo 291 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 7, near Huelo 292 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 8, near Huelo 293 

Center ditch region 294 

Center ditch near Huelo 294 

Hamakau ditch region ., 298 

General features 298 

Nailiilihaele Stream near Huelo 298 

Kailua Stream near Huelo 301 

Oanui Stream near Huelo 302 

Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo 306 

Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo 308 

Honopou Stream near Huelo 310 

Halehaku Stream at dam near Huelo 312 

Halehaku Stream weir near Huelo 314 

Opana Stream near Huelo 316 

Opana ditch near Huelo 317 

New Hamakua ditch at Nailiilihaele weir, near Huelo 318 

New Hamakua ditch at Halehaku weir, near Huelo 320 

Old Hamakua ditch at Opana weir, near Huelo 322 

Kaluanui ditch at Puuomalei, near Hamakuapoko 324 

Lowrie ditch at Opana weir, near Huelo 326 

Haiku ditch at Peahi weir, near Huelo 328 

Miscellaneous measurements 330 

Pumped water on East Maui 331 

Island of Hawaii 332 

General features 332 

Hilo group of streams 336 

General features 336 

Wailuku River basin 337 

General features 337 

Wailuku River near Hilo 337 



8 CONTENTS. 

Island of Hawaii — Continued. 

Hilo group of streams — Continued. Page. 

HoQolii River basin 340 

General features 340 

Honolii River at Kaiwiki, near Hilo 341 

Honolii ditch at Kaiwiki, near Hilo 344 

Kawainui River basin 344 

General features 344 

Kawainui River at Kawainui, near Pepeekeo 345 

Stations at 2,500-foot elevation, near Hilo 346 

General features 346 

Combined flow 347 

Miscellaneous measurements 389 

Measiu-ements at 1 , 800 to 2 , 000 feet elevation in forest back of Hilo . . 389 

Measurements between Hilo and Laupahoehoe 390 

Other streams and flumes 391 

Hamakua group of streams 392 

General features 392 

Waipio River basin 392 

General features 392 

Kawainui of Waipio River near Waipio 393 

Waipio River below Koiawe near Waipio 394 

Waipio River below Waima near Waipio 394 

New Hamakua ditch at Waima near Waipio 395 

New Hamakua ditch at weir near Kukuihaele 395 

Discharge measurements of Waipio River and tributaries in 1901-2. 397 

Miscellaneous measurements 402 

Kohala group of streams 403 

General features 403 

Honokane Stream basin 403 

Discharge measurements of East and West branches in 1901 403 

Kohala ditch near Kohala 405 

Miscellaneous measurements 407 

Springs and underground waters 408 

Rainfall records 408 

General features 408 

Island of Kauai 409 

Island of Oahu 429 

Islands of Maui and Kahoolawe 443 

Island of Hawaii 462 

Evaporation from water surface 486 

Appendix 496 

Pronunciation of Hawaiian words 496 

Glossary of Hawaiian words in common use 496 

Meaning of geographic names 498 

Glossary of some geographic names and words frequently occurring in 

geographic names 498 

Principal watercourses, by islands 506 

Gazetteer 509 

Index 537 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Page. 
Plate I. Map showing relative position of the islands of the Territory of 

Hawaii 11 

II. A, Rice cultivation: Preparing field for planting; B, Sugar cane and 

irrigation ditch, Oahu 14 

III. A, Banana plantation near Honolulu; B, Hawaiian cultivating taro. 15 

IV. Types of gaging stations: A, Weir gaging station, Wahiawa Reser- 

voir ditch, Oahu; B, Velocity -area gaging station, Waiahole 

Stream, Oahu 16 

V. Small Price current meters 18 

VI. Typical gaging stations: A, Bridge station on North Fork of Wailua 

River, Kauai; B, Cable station on Hanapepe River, Kauai 19 

VII. Typical waterfalls: A, Kahoalele Falls, Kauai; B, Waiehu Falls, 

South Fork of Wailua River, Kauai 38 

VIII. A, The "Needle," lao Valley, Maui; B, A recent lava flow on the 

Island of Hawaii 198 

IX. Typical mountain streams: A, Wailuku River at 2,500 feet eleva- 
tion, near Hilo, Hawaii; B, Honolii River at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, 

Hawaii 334 

X. A, Cane flume and trestle across Kawainui River, near Pepeekeo, 

Hawaii; B, Weir on New Hamakua ditch at Kukuihaele, Hawaii. 346 
XI. A, Types of rain gages: B, Rainfall and evaporation station at Waia- 

koali camp, Kauai 408 

XII. Drainage map of Oahu Island, showing location of gaging and rainfall 

stations " At end of volxime. 

XIII. Drainage map of Kauai Island, showing location of gaging and rain- 
fall stations At end of volume. 

XIV. Drainage map of Maui and Kahoolawe islands, showing location of 

gaging and rainfall stations At end of volume. 

XV. Drainage map of Hawaii Island, showing location of gaging and rain- 
fall stations At end of volume. 

FiGUEE 1. Diagram showing comparison of weir and current meter discharge 

measurements 18 

2. Diagram showing fluctuation in stage of North Fork of Wailua River 

near Lihue, Kauai 102 

3. Discharge, area, and mean velocity curves for Wailuku River near 

Hilo, Hawaii 339 

4. Diagram showing fluctuation in stage of Honolii River at Kaiwiki, 

near Hilo, Hawaii 343 

9 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 




WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE I 




WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



By W. F. Maetin and C. H. Pierce. 



ATJTHOIIITY FOR INVESTIGATIONS. 

Tliis volume contains results of measurements of the flow of certain 
streams and ditches in the Territory of Hawaii made during the 
period 1909 to 1911, inclusive, an account of the factors that affect 
the flow, and a brief summary of the general conditions influencing 
the economic development and use of the surface waters. The in- 
vestigations leading to the report were made by the United States 
Geological Survey in cooperation with the Territory of Hawaii, under 
the general sanction of the organic law of the Survey (Stat. L., vol. 
20, p. 394), which contains the following paragraph: 

Provided, That this officer [the Director] shall have the direction of the geological 
BTirvey and the classification of public lands and examination of the geological struc- 
ture, mineral resources, and products of the national domain. 

As water is the most abundant and most valuable of the minerals, 
the investigation of water resources is authorized under the provision 
for examining mineral resources. The work has been supported since 
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1895, by appropriations in successive 
sundry civil bills passed by Congress under the following item: 

For gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, and 
for the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells, and for the prepara- 
tion of reports upon the best methods of utilizing the water resources. 

The various appropriations that have been made for this purpose 
are as follows : 

Annual appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30 — 

1895 $12, 500 

1896 20, 000 

1897 to 1900, inclusive 50, 000 

1901 to 1902, inclusive 100, 000 

1903 to 1906, inclusive 200, 000 

1907 150, 000 

1908 to 1910, inclusive 100, 000 

1911 150, 000 

1912 150, 000 

1913 150,000 

11 



12 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 

The Legislature of the Territory of Hawaii approved on March 22, 
1909, "An act to promote the conservation and development of the 
natural resources of the Territory," which provided in substance as 
follows : A special tax of 2 per cent shall be levied, assessed, and < ol- 
lected annually on all incomes in excess of $4,000; and all amounts so 
collected shall constitute a special fund to be expended only for the 
encouragement of immigration and the conservation of natural 
resources in the proportion of three-fourths for immigration and one- 
fourth for conservation. The conservation fund shall be used for 
the development, conservation, improvement, and utilization of the 
natural resources and shall be available for expenditure at such 
times and in such manner as a board of three persons appointed in 
accordance with section 80 of the organic act shall, with the approval 
of the governor, determine. 

An act of April 26, 1911, amended the original act so as to extend 
it until December 31, 1913. 

COOPERATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 

Under the authority conferred by the Federal and Territorial leg- 
islation, the Director of the United States Geological Survey and the 
Governor of the Territory of Hawaii entered into a cooperative 
agreement, dating from July 1, 1910, for "the gaging of streams and 
the determination of the water supply of the Territory of Hawaii." ^ 
The principal features of this agreement are: 

1. The United States Geological Survey assumes the responsi- 
bility of gathering, analyzing, and publishing the data. 

2. During the progress of the work all notes, maps, and data 
gathered as a result of field studies are at all times open to inspection 
by the representative of the Territory, and if they are not entirely 
satisfactory the agreement can be terminated. 

3. Accounts for payment of salaries, travel and subsistence, sup- 
pHes, or other expense necessary to the completion of the work shall 
be rendered in the manner required by the laws and regulations of the 
contracting parties, and vouchers shall be referred to either party for 
payment according as it may be convenient or to the balance remain- 
ing in the respective allotments. 

4. The cost of pubUcation is borne entirely by the Geological 
Survey. 

The Territory of Hawaii has been represented in the cooperation by 
the board of allotment appointed by Gov. Walter F. Frear, and 
consisting of J. P. Cooke (chairman), Marston Campbell, and E. V. 
Wilcox. 

' The United States Geological Survey is also cooperating with the Territory of Hawaii in mapping the 
various islands. The whole of the island of Kauai and a part of the island of Hawaii haye been mapped. 



COOPEKATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 



13 



The investigation of the water resources was started in November, 
1909, by W. F. Martin, who represented the Geological Survey. It 
was carried on wholly by Territorial funds untilJuly 1, 1910, when the 
Federal allotment of $5,000 annually became available. The total 
expenditures from both Territorial and Federal funds from November, 
1909, until the end of December, 1911, the terminal date of the period 
covered by this report, amounted to $25,042.42, distributed as follows: 

Expenditures for investigations of water resources in Hawaii. 



Period. 



Territorial 
allotment. 



Federal 
allotment. 



Total. 



November, 1909, to June 30, 1910 

July 1, 1910, to June 30, 191i 

July 1, 1911, to Dec. 31, 1911 .... 



%i, 172. 00 
6,629.85 
6,563.20 



85,000.00 
2,677.37 



$4,172.00 
11,629.85 
9,240.57 



17,365.05 



7,677.37 



25,042.42 



The field data were collected under the direction of W. F. Martin, 
district engineer, assisted by C. H. Pierce, J. B. Stewart, W. V. Hardy, 
H. R. Schulz, A. G. Schnack, F. B. Dodge, and Dexter Fraser. C. H. 
Pierce began most of the field work on Maui, particularly on East 
Maui and windward West Maui, and later had charge of all the field 
work on Hawaii. In July, 1911, J. B. Stewart and W. V. Hardy took 
charge of the field work on Maui and Kauai, respectively. The 
ratings, computations, and special estimates were made by C. H. 
Pierce and J. B. Stewart, assisted by W. V. Hardy and E E. Goo. 

General cooperation and assistance on water resources investiga- 
tions throughout the Territory have been given the Geological Survey 
by the following branches of the Territorial government: Public 
Works Department, Marston Campbell, superintendent; Pubhc Land 
.Department, C. S. Judd, and J. D. Tucker, conunissioners; Surve}^ 
Department, W. E. Wall, surveyor; and Bureau of Forestry, R. S. 
Hosmer, superintendent. 

Acknowledgment is due to the Hawaiian section of the United 
States Weather Bureau, WiUiam B. Stockman, section director, for 
the use of rainfall records at stations maintained by the Weather 
Bureau, and other cUmatologic data. 

Material assistance has also been rendered by Alexander & Baldwin 
(Ltd.), J. P. Cooke, president; C. Brewer & Co. (Ltd.), G. H. Robert- 
son, manager; Castle & Cook (Ltd.), E. D. Tenney, manager; T. H. 
Davies & Co. (Ltd.), F. M. Swanzy, manager; H. Hackfeld & Co. 
(Ltd.), J. F. Hackfeld, president; Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Associa- 
tion, E. D. Tenney, president; Mr. C. F. Eckart; and Mr. Alonzo 
Gartley. 

The following corporations and individuals have greatly assisted in 
the work by furnishing records or extending courtesies in various 



14 WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAH. 

ways on the island of Kauai: Messrs. Augustus and Eric Knudsen; 
Kekaha Sugar Co, (Ltd.), H. P. Faye, manager; Waimea Sugar Mill 
Co. (Ltd.), John Fassoth, manager; Gay & Robinson; Mr. Francis 
Gay; Hawaiian Sugar Co. (Ltd.), B. D. Baldwin, manager; McBryde 
Sugar Co. (Ltd.), William Stodart and F. A. Alexander, managers; 
Koloa Sugar Co., C. H. Wilcox, manager; Grove Farm Plantation, 
E. H. W. Broadbent, manager; Rev. J. M. Lydgate; Mr. C. A. Rice; 
Makee Sugar Co., G. H. Fairchild and R. P. Spalding, managers; Mr. 
S. N. Hundley; Kilauea Sugar Plantation Co., J. R. Myers, manager; 
Princeville Plantation Co. (Ltd.), W. F. Sanborn, manager; and 
Kauai Electric Co. (Ltd.), Alfred Menefogho, superintendent. 

On the island of Oahu records of artesian water raised by pumps for 
use in irrigation have been given to the Geological Survey by the 
following sugar plantations: Honolulu Plantation Co., James Gibb, 
manager; Oahu Sugar Co. (Ltd.), E. K. Bull, manager; Ewa Planta- 
tion Co., G. F. Renton, manager; and Waialua Agricultural Co., 
W. W. Goodale, manager. These plantations, and also the Waianae 
Co., Frederick Meyer, manager; and the Wahiawa Water Co. (Ltd.), 
W. M. Templeton, manager; have kindly furnished facihties for 
studying the flow and efficiency of various ditch systems. Valuable 
records and assistance have also been furnished by Maj. W. P. Wooten 
and Capt. A. B. Putnam, Corps of Engineers, United States Army; 
the College of Hawaii, J. W. Gilmore, president; and Messrs. J. B. 
Castle, L. L. McCandless, E. P. Low, J. C. McMaster, E. E. Miller, T. F. 
Sedgwick, W. A. Wall, and WiUiam Weinrick, jr. 

The following sugar plantations on the island of Maui have supplied 
records of water pumped for irrigation: Pioneer Mill Co., Ludwig 
Weinzheimer, manager; Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co., F. F. 
Baldwin, manager; and Maui Agricultural Co., H. A. Baldwin, man- 
ager. These plantations and the following have also cooperated in 
maintaining gaging stations or in furnishing records of flow in ditches: 
Wailuku Sugar Co., H. B. Penhallow, manager; Olowalu Sugar Co., 
George Gibb, manager; Honolua ranch, R. C. Searle and D. T. Flem- 
ing, managers. Acknowledgment is also due for assistance given and 
courtesies extended by Messrs. W. F. Pogue, E. Brecht, O. Brecht, 
Hugh Howell, W. E. Ball, Pia Cockett, A. W. CoUins, F. E. Harvey, 
S. E. Hubbard, George Tripp, and C. J. Austin. 

On the island of Hawaii the following corporations and individuals 
have given assistance in various ways: Kohala Ditch Co. (Ltd.), P. 
W. P. Bluett, superintendent; Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), J. T. 
McCrosson, manager, J. S. Low, superintendent, and Jorgen Jorg- 
ensen, enguieer; B. P. Bishop Estate, F. S. Dodge, superintendent; 
Hilo Sugar Co., John A. Scott, manager; Albert Homer, Robert 
Homer, George S. Whittemore, and James Henderson. 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE II 




^dffiBtiJ^ 



A. RICE CULTIVATION: PREPARING FIELD FOR PLANTING. 





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£. SUGAR CANE AND IRRIGATION DITCH, OAHU. 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE III 




A. BANANA PLANTATION NEAR HONOLULU. 




B. HAWAIIAN CULTIVATING TARO. 



WATEK RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 15 

PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF INVESTIGATIONS. 

The principal industry of Hawaii is agriculture. During the fiscal 
year ending June 30, 1911, 98.9 per cent of the exports from Hawaii 
to the mainland, valued at more than $40,000,000, consisted of prod- 
ucts of the soil.^ Of this amount 93 per cent had been either abso- 
lutely dependent on irrigation for its growth or had required the 
application of water at some period in order to give the largest and 
most profitable yield. 

Some lands are naturally adapted to the growing of rice (PI, II, A), 
but require a dependable quantity of water, varying in amount with 
the stage of the crop. Sugar cane (PI. II, B), by far the most im- 
portant product, gives the largest yields on those lands where the 
proper amount of water can be appHed at the right time, and large 
areas planted in cane depend entirely on irrigation. Taro (PI. Ill, 
B), which furnishes the staple food for a considerable part of the 
population, requires a continual application of water during its 
growth. 

In addition to its agricultural uses water is being demanded for 
mechanical purposes, such as the fluming of cane and hydro-electric 
developments. 

With the rapidly increasing growth of the larger towns, especially 
Honolulu, the problem of providing water for domestic use is requir- 
ing attention. The consumption per capita is large, owing to the 
quantities used for irrigating lawns and gardens, but for reasons of 
sanitation and public health it is desirable that the use of water 
should not be curtailed. 

The purpose of these investigations has been to obtain reliable 
information concerning the existing water supply, both developed 
and undeveloped. A point has been reached in the utilization of 
Hawaii's waters at which it is necessary to have definite information 
regarding the available sources before further progress can be made. 
It is well known that the limit of agricultural development in Hawaii 
to-day is largely determined by the possible water supply, and it is 
necessary either to tap new sources or else to save losses in the 
existing supplies, which will have the effect of increasing their eco- 
nomic value. 

A more detailed study of the irrigation systems in the Territory 
is needed. In addition to investigating possible sources of supply, 
the total amount of water available, and means of storing the flood 
waters now going to waste, the work should include a study of 
the distribution of the water from the time it is diverted from its 
natural course until it is applied to the soil for beneficial use. Losses 
in irrigation need to be continually guarded against in order to 

> Computed from statistics In Hawaiian Annual for 1912, p. 23. 



16 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

secure the maximum results from a supply that is definitely limited, 
and only by making a careful study of the system as a whole can the 
highest efficiency be obtained. 

The investigations of stream flow in the Territory are not complete, 
nor do they include all the streams that might advantageously be 
studied. They include, however, as many of the streams and ditches 
on the four larger islands as the available appropriations would allow. 
It is essential that records of stream flow should be kept during a period 
of years long enough to d,etermine within reasonable limits the range 
of flow from the maximum to the minimum. The length of such a 
period manifestly varies for different streams. Experience has shown 
that the records should be kept from 5 to 20 years. 

In the performance of this work an effort is made to reach the 
highest degree of precision possible with a rational expenditure of 
time and money. In all engineering work there is a point beyond 
which refinement is needless and wasteful, and this statement applies 
with especial force to stream-measurement work in Hawaii, It has 
been found, however, that it is possible to obtain data which are 
suflSciently accurate, although many of them presented in this report 
are for periods too short to admit of definite conclusions. 

Records have been obtained at about 200 different points in the 
Territory, and in addition to the observations at the regular stations, 
miscellaneous measurements at many other places have been made. 
Records have also been collected regarding precipitation on areas 
drained by the principal streams and at a number of points in the 
mountains at high elevations. Evaporation losses have been studied 
and data obtained at various places where such losses are serious. 



FIELD METHODS OF MEASURING STREAM FLOW. 

BASE DATA. 

In making plans for power, irrigation, municipal water supply, and 
other projects involving the use of water from surface streams, it is 
necessary to have data from which both the total flow of the stream 
and its distribution from day to day throughout the year can be 
obtained. The data necessary for obtaining such information are 
daily gage heights, which give the fluctuations of rise and fall of the 
stream, and measurements of discharge at various stages, from which 
a rating curve and table can be prepared, giving the discharge for 
any stage. Such a rating is possible from the fact that so long as the 
conditions at the controlling point in the stream remain the same, 
there will be the same discharge for any given gage height. 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE IV 




A. WEIR GAGING STATION, WAHIAWA RESERVOIR DITCH, OAHU. 




B. VELOCITY-AREA GAGING STATION, Vi'AIAHOLE STREAM, OAHU. 
Measurement by wading. 



TYPES OF GAGING STATIONS. 



FIELD METHODS OF MEASURING STREAM FLOW. 17 

The determination of a discharge is termed a discharge measure- 
ment and points at which discharge measurements are made and 
records of daily fluctuations of stage are kept for determining the 
daily flow are termed gaging stations. 

Gaging stations may be divided into two classes, known as weir 
stations and velocity-area stations. (See PI. IV.) At weir stations 
the head of water on the crest of the weir is measured and the dis- 
charge computed by means of a formula. The discharge at velocity- 
area stations is obtained by measuring the velocity of the current and 
the area of the cross-section, the product of the two giving the dis- 
charge. 

The data presented in this paper were collected at both weir and 
velocity-area stations. 

WEIB MEASUREMENTS. 

Unquestionably a weir properly constructed and of a type for 
which accurate coefficients have been determined is one of the most 
convenient and reliable means of measuring small quantities of water. 
In practice, however, weirs rarely conform to the requirements 
imposed by the experimenter who derived the coefficients. If the 
crest of the weir is sharp and clean and sufficiently high above the 
bottom of the leading channel and the end contractions are complete 
and the velocity of approach is wanting, or negligibly small, and if 
the head on crest is measured at a distance of 6 or 8 feet back of the 
overfall, the Francis formula will give good results. On the other 
hand, if these essential conditions are not complied with, especially 
if the velocity of approach is considerable, and the contractions are 
imperfect, the Francis formula will not give accurate results. This 
is particularly true if the weir is improperly constructed and there is 
leakage around and under it, as is so frequently the case in practice. 

Observations made on various types of weirs in Hawaii show that 
of the weirs in use in the Territory not all are giving accurate results. 
If the error is known so that corrections can be made the trouble is 
largely mitigated, but faulty weir records are too often accepted with- 
out investigation as to their accuracy. 

The following examples are cited to show some of the difficulties 
encountered in the use of weirs : 

A small timber weir built by the Geological Survey in the mountains 
back of Honolulu gave so much trouble by leaking that current- 
meter measurements were finally made to obtain a discharge rating. 

The effect of wave action caused by velocity of approach is shown 

by an important measuring weir on Oahu. This weir is exceptionally 

well built, having good end contractions and an unusually large 

approach channel, but the discharge as computed by the weir formula 

74323°— wsp 318—13 2 



18 



WATEE EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



is from 6 to 10 per cent too small, the percentage of error being 
greater at the lower heads. The trouble is caused by wave action 
in the pool, due to the inflow of water under pressure. 

A 25-foot Cippoletti weir on Maui shows an error of 8 to 10 per 
cent in the discharge at ordinary stages. In this case the percent- 
age of error increases rapidly with the head above a head of 0.6 foot. 
Another weir on Maui, used as a division weir between two important 
ditches, gives a discharge, as computed by the weir formula, which is 
from 11 to 23 per cent too small, the error increasing rapidly with the 
higher heads. (See fig. 1.) It should be stated that these two weirs 

1.8 



1.6 



1.0 















/ 


/ 


^ ^ 


--^ 




/ 


Cc 
rr 


mpariso 
leter dis 


n of we' 
charge r 


r and cu 
neasurer 


rrent- 
nents 


/ 




'°I0 


















/ 


Pl2 


P 






/ 












A 

o/ / 


















































3 














/ 










/ / 
















/ 






// 
// 
1/ 








































( 

Perce 
me 


5 1 

nt differ 
terdisch 



5n 


2 

ce, wei 
e mea 


3 3 
rand cur 
suremeni 


D 

rent- 
s 



60 80 !pO 120 140 

DISCHARGE IN SECOND-FEET 



180 200 



Figure l.— Diagram showing comparison of weir and current-meter discliarge measurements. 

are in gulches, where the conditions for weir construction are far 
from ideal. 

If a weir is in error, the result is usually that the discharge as com- 
puted by the Francis formula is less than the actual discharge. Two 
Cippoletti weirs, however, showed for low heads a discharge by 
formula greater than the actual, while at higher heads the opposite 
was true.^ 



1 The determination of discharge over the different types of weirs and dams is treated fully in "Weir 
experiments, coefficients, and formulas" (Water-Supply Paper 200) and in the various textbooks on hy- 
draulics. ' ' Turbine water-wheel tests and power tables " ( Water-Supply Paper 180) treats of the discharge 
through turbines when used as meters. The edition of Water-Supply Paper 200 is exhausted. It can, 
however, be consulted at most of the larger libraries of the country or it can be obtained from the superin- 
tendent of documents, Washington, D. C, at a cost of 35 cents. 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE V 






mmU^l a! '41 '51 '61 'Tl '81 '91 'FI3'1| '21 '31 t4l '51 '81 '71 '81 '91 'P|3'l| '21, '^3I 




■M '51 'SliTI '813 




SMALL PRICE CURRENT METERS. 



U S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE VI 




A. BRIDGE STATION ON NORTH FORK OF WAILUA RIVER, KAUAI. 




B. CABLE STATION ON HANAPEPE RIVER, KAUAI. 
TYPICAL GAGING STATIONS. 



FIELD METHODS OF MEASUEING STREAM FLOW. 19 

VELOCITY- ARE A METHOD. 

The velocity-area method of measurement consists of determining 
the mean or average velocity of the water past a given cross-section 
area. The area of the cross section at right angles to the direction 
of flow is determined by soundings which are taken at such distances 
apart as will develop the contour of the stream bed. The depths are 
recorded and also their distances from some arbitrarily chosen initial 
point on one side of the stream. 

The method of making the soundings depends on the size and stage 
of the stream. On ditches and small streams where the depths and 
velocities are not large, a graduated rod may be used to advantage; 
on large streams, which must be measured from bridges or cables, a 
lead weight and sounding line must be used. The weights are of 
different sizes — 6^, 10, or 15 pounds — according to the swiftness of 
the current, and are torpedo shaped, so as to offer as little resistance 
as possible to the moving water. (See PI. VI.) 

On streams with beds which are permanent or nearly so, like the 
South Fork of Wailua River on the island of Kauai and the Wai- 
luku River on the island of Hawaii, a standard cross section is 
usually constructed from careful soundings and referred to the zero 
of the gage, so that the depths for any stage can be found by adding 
the gage height at that stage to the depths below the zero of the 
gage. This method is especially useful at high stages, where it is 
difficult to make accurate soundings. 

After the cross-section area of the stream has been measured by 
soundings and horizontal distances, the velocity is determined at a 
number of points. These measurements of velocity should be made 
at frequent intervals across the stream and close enough to take ac- 
count of any abrupt change in^the velocity. For convenience, the 
yelocities are usually observed in the same verticals at which sound- 
ings are made. On some streams fairly good measurements of veloci- 
ties may be made by means of subsurface floats. This method is 
applicable, however, only to channels of uniform cross-section area 
over a considerable distance and is very unsatisfactory for use on 
natural streams like those of Hawaii.^ 

The velocity of flow is best determined by the current meter, which 
is a form of water wheel actuated by the current, and of such size and 
shape that it can easily be placed at any point in the stream.^ 
(See PI. V.) 

Plate V shows in the center the new type of penta-recording current 
meter equipped for measurements at bridge and cable stations; on 

1 Further infonnation regarding the float method is given in Water-Supply Paper 95 and in textbooks 
on stream flow. 

2 See Hoyt, J. C, and others, Use and care of the current meter as practiced by the United States Geo- 
logical Survey: Trans. Am. Soc. Civil Eng., vol. 66, 1910, p. 70. 



20 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

the left the same type of meter is shown equipped for wading meas- 
urements, to record by the acoustic method; on the right the meter 
is shown equipped to record electricaUy. Briefly, the meter consists 
of six cups attached to a vertical shaft which revolves on a conical 
hardened steel point when immersed in moving water. The revolu- 
tions are indicated electrically. The rating, or relation between the 
velocity of moving water and the revolutions of the wheel, is deter- 
mined for each meter by drawing it through still water for a given 
distance at different speeds and noting the number of revolutions for 
each run. From these data a rating tabic is prepared which gives 
the velocity in feet per second of moving water for any number of 
revolutions in a given time interval. The ratio of revolutions per 
second to velocity of flow in feet per second is very nearly a con- 
stant for all speeds and is approximately 0.45. 

Three classes of methods of measuring velocity with current meters 
are in general use — multiple-point, single-point, and integration. 

The two principal multiple-point methods in general use are the 
vertical velocity curve and 0.2 and 0.8 depth. 

In the vertical velocity curve method a series of velocity determi- 
nations are made in each vertical at regular intervals, usually about 
10 to 20 per cent of the depth apart. By plotting these velocities as 
abscissas and their depths as ordinates and drawing a smooth curve 
among the resulting points, the vertical velocity curve is developed. 
This curve shows graphically the magnitude and changes in velocity 
from the surface to the bottom of the stream. The mean velocity 
in the vertical is then obtained by dividing the area bounded by 
this velocity curve and its axis by the depth. This method of obtain- 
ing the mean velocity in the vertical is probably the best known, but 
on account of the length of time required to make a complete meas- 
urement its use is largely limited to the determination of coefficients 
for purposes of comparison. 

In the second multiple-point method the meter is held successively 
at 0.2 and 0.8 depth, and the mean of the velocities at these two points 
is taken as the mean velocity for that vertical. On the assumption 
that the vertical velocity curve is a common parabola with horizontal 
axis, the mean of the velocities at 0.22 and 0.79 depth will give 
(closely) the mean velocity in the vertical. Actual observations 
under a wide range of conditions show that this multiple-point 
method gives the mean velocity very closely for open-water condi- 
tions and that in a completed measurement it seldom varies as much 
as 1 per cent from the value given by the vertical velocity curve 
method. It is very extensively used in the regular practice of the 
United States Geological Survey. 



FIELD METHODS OF MEASUKING STREAM FLOW. 21 

The single-point method consists in holding the meter either at 
the depth of the thread of mean velocity or at an arbitrary depth 
for which the coefficient for reducing to mean velocity has been 
determined or must be assumed. 

Extensive experiments by means of vertical velocity curves show 
that the thread of mean velocity generally occurs between 0.5 and 
0.7 total depth. In general practice the thread of mean velocity is 
considered to be at 0.6 depth, and at this point the meter is held in 
most of the measurements made by the single-point method. A 
large number of vertical velocity curve measurements, taken on 
many streams and under varying conditions, show that the average 
coefficient for reducing the velocity obtained at 0.6 depth to mean 
velocity is practically unity. The variation of the coefficient from 
unity in individual cases is, however, greater than in the 0.2 and 0.8 
method and the general results are not as satisfactory. 

In the other piincipal single-point method the meter is held near 
the surface, usually 1 foot below, or low enough to be out of the effect 
of the wind or other disturbing influences. This is known as the sub- 
surface method. The coefficient for reducing the velocity taken at 
the subsurface to the mean has been found to be in general from 
about 0.85 to 0.95, depending on the stage, velocity, and channel 
conditions. The higher the stage the larger the coefficient. This 
method is especially adapted for flood measurements, or for measure- 
ments when the velocity is so great that the meter can not be kept 
in the correct position for the other methods. 

The vertical integration method consists in moving the meter at a 
slow but uniform speed from the surface to the bottom and back again 
to the surface and notmg the number of revolutions and the time 
taken in the operation. This method has the advantage that the 
velocity at each point of the vertical is measured twice. It is useful 
as a check on the point methods. In using the Price meter great 
care should be taken that the vertical movement of the meter is not 
rapid enough to vitiate the accuracy of the resulting velocity deter- 
mination. 

In practical work on rough streams, such as exist in Hawaii, the 
meter should be held at 0.6 depth for depths of 0.8 or less. For 
greater depths the meter should be held at two points in the vertical, 
0.2 and 0.8 from the surface. 

When the mean velocities in the different verticals have been 
found, the average of two adjacent means is taken as the mean 
velocity for that individual section. The area of the section is 
computed by multiplying the width of the section by the mean depth. 
The discharge of each section is then the product of the area multiplied 
by the mean velocity, and the total discharge of the stream results 



22 WATEE EESOUKCES OP HAW AH. 

from summing up the discharge of the individual sections. In prac- 
tice the work is tabulated in such a way as to render the computation 
very simple.^ 

Current meter measurements are not practicable where there are 
eddies, cross currents, swirls, or passages for the water underneath 
stones. It is usually possible, however, to improve the channel by 
removing bowlders and rocks, so that a satisfactory measuring 
section may be obtained, even on rough steep streams such as exist 
in Hawaii. 

Three kinds of velocity-area gaging stations are in general use in 
Hawaii, according to the means provided for making the observations 
of depth and velocity. They are wading, bridge, and cable stations. 

A wading station is one at which measurements are made only 
by wading — that is, no means exist for getting above the water at 
any stage except by wading. Such stations are usually on ditches 
or wide, shallow streams, which do not fluctuate greatly in flow. 
Frequently, however, measurements are made at low stages by wading 
even though other means exist for making measurements at higher 
stages. (See PI. IV, B.) 

A bridge station is one at which the meter is used from a bridge. 
In some places highway or other bridges are available from which 
to make measurements, but generally they are not at the right place 
on the stream. Special bridges are then built. (See PI. VI, A.) 

A cable station is one at which measurements are made from a 
cable spanning the stream. Cable stations are used on large streams, 
such as Hanapepe, Wailua, and Hanalei rivers on the island of Kauai, 
and Wailuku River on the island of Hawaii. The cable supports the 
car from which a man works above the water. Distances are marked 
off on the cable itself or on a small auxiliary cable stretched taut 
above it. (See PI. VI, B.) 

A suitable place for a gaging station having been selected, a staff 
gage is set in the edge of the stream, either vertical or inclined, but 
graduated mto tenths of feet vertically. The gage is securely fas- 
tended to rocks or trees to prevent displacement by floods and is 
so placed that the zero, or reference datum, is well below extreme 
low water. The datum is also referred to a permanent bench mark 
as an additional precaution. An observer is then engaged to record 
the heights of water morning and evening; the mean of the two 
readings being used as the mean gage height for the day. 

Owing to the rapid rise and fall of most of the streams in Hawaii, 
two gage-height readings a day will not as a rule give a true mean 
for the 24 hours. For this reason, and also owing to the fact that many 
of the gaging stations are necessaiily situated in the mountains at 

1 For a discussion of methods of computing the discharge of a stream see Engineering News, June 25, 
1908. 



DEFINITION OF TERMS. 23 

points remote from all habitations and difficult of access, the use of 
automatic recording gages has been found to be generally necessary. 
The gages used are of various types, some requiring weekly visits and 
others operating for a month without attention. 

The essential features of automatic gages consist of a float free to 
rise and fall with fluctuations of the water surface, a means of trans- 
ferring this motion of the float to the record, either directly or through 
a reducing mechanism, the recording device, and the clock. In most 
gages used on natural streams the float is connected with a counter- 
weight by means of a chain or perforated tape which passes over a 
sprocket wheel connected with gearing in such a way as to reduce the 
motion caused by the rise and fall of the water surface to a convenient 
scale. This vertical motion from the float may be transferred either 
to the pencil or other recording device or to the cylinder carrying the 
paper. The time interval is given by the clock, which may move 
either the paper or the pencil, according to the float connection. For 
all autographic records the motions controlled by the float and the 
clock are brought at right angles so that there results a continuous 
curve where one set of ordinates represents gage heights, and the other 
the time interval. 

The gage may be designed to accommodate any range of stage. 
Those used by the United States Geological Survey in Hawaii are 
designed for variations of 10, 20, 30, and 36 feet, but so far those hav- 
ing a 20-foot range have been found to be sufficient for any stage. 

DEFINITION OF TERMS. 

The volume of water flowing in a stream — the "run-off" or "dis- 
charge" — is expressed in various terms, each of which has become 
associated more or less definitely with a certain class of work. These 
terms may be divided into two groups: (1) Those which represent a 
rate of flow, as "second-feet," "gallons per minute," "gallons per 24 
hours," "miner's inches," and "run-off in second-feet per square 
mile," and (2) those which represent the actual quantity of water, as 
"run-off in depth in inches," "million gallons," and "acre-feet." 
They may be defined as follows : 

"Second-foot" is an abbreviation for cubic foot per second and is 
the unit for the rate of discharge of water flowing in a stream 1 square 
foot in cross section at a rate of 1 foot per second. It is generally 
adopted as the fundamental unit in the measurement of flowing water 
and is the "natural" unit, as the foot and the second are the units 
used in making the physical determinations. Other units may be 
computed from this by the use of factors given in the table of equiv- 
alents. 



24 WATEE EESOUBCES OF HAWAII. 

"Gallons per minute" is generally used in connection with pumping 
and city water supply, the United States gallon of 231 cubic inches 
being the unit of quantity and 1 minute the unit of time. 

The "miner's inch" is the unit for the rate of discharge of water 
that passes through an orifice 1 inch square under a head which varies 
locally. It is commonly used by miners and irrigators throughout the 
West, and is defined by statute in each State in which it is used. 

"Second-feet per square mile" is the average number of cubic feet 
of water flowing per second from each square mile of area drained, on 
the assumption that the run-off is distributed uniformly both as re- 
gards time and area. 

"Run-off in inches" is the depth to which the drainage area would 
be covered if all the water flowing from it in a given period were con- 
served and uniformly distributed on the surface. It is used for com- 
paring run-off with rainfall, which is usually expressed in depth in 
inches. 

An "acre-foot" is equivalent to 43,560 cubic feet and is the quantity 
required to cover an acre to the depth of 1 foot. The term is com- 
monly used in connection with storage for irrigation. 

In the Territory of Hawaii a unit commonly used in connection with 
the measurement of water is the "million gallons." This is used with 
two meanings— (1) to indicate a rate of flow and (2) to express an 
actual quantity of water. In the former sense "million gallons per 24 
hours" is inferred, 1,000,000 gallons being taken as the unit of quan- 
tity, and 24 hours as the unit of time. With this meaning the term is 
generally used in connection with pumping and irrigation. In the 
latter sense "million gallons" as an absolute quantity is used in the 
measurement of storage capacities of reservoirs. 

The following convenient approximate relations exist between 
second-feet, million gallons per 24 hours, and acre-feet: 1 second- 
foot flowing 24 hours equals about 2 acre-feet; 1,000,000 gallons 
equals about 3 acre-feet; and 1 second-foot equals approximately 
two-thirds million gallons per 24 hours. 

"Man's water" is an irrigator's term also in common use in Hawaii. 
It signifies the amount of water that one irrigator can properly handle 
in the field. It varies greatly, being dependent upon the condition of 
the furrows, the age of the crop, and the skill and individuality of the 
irrigator. Some measurements indicate that it is about 0.75 second- 
foot. It may be almost any quantity under 1 second-foot. 



WAIVES KESOUHCES OJ' SAW Alt. 



25 



CONVENIENT EQUIVALENTS. 

The following is a list of convenient equivalents for use in hydraulic 
computations : 

Table for converting discharge in second-feet into run-off in acre-feet. 







Eun-off (acre-feet). 




Discharge 
(second- 




















feet). 


Iday. 


28 days. 


29 days. 


30 days. 


31 days. 


1 


1.983 


55.54 


57.52 


59.50 


61.49 


2 


3.967 


111.1 


115.0 


119.0 


123.0 


3 


5.950 


166.6 


172.6 


178.5 


184.5 


4 


7.934 


222.1 


230.1 


238.0 


246.0 


5 


9.917 


277.7 


287.6 


297.5 


307.4 


6 


11.90 


333.2 


345.1 


357.0 


368.9 


7 


13. 88 


388. 8 


402.6 


416.5 


430. 4 


8 


15.87 


444.3 


460.2 


476.0 


491.9 


9 


17.85 


499.8 


517.7 


535.5 


553.4 



Note. — For partial month multiply values for one day by the number of days. 

1 second-foot equals 7.48 United States gallons per second; equals 448.8 gallons per 
minute; equals 646,272 gallons for one day. 

1 second-foot for one year covers 1 square mile 1.131 feet or 13.572 inches deep. 
1 second-foot for one year equals 31,536,000 cubic feet. 
1 second-foot equals about 1 acre-inch per hour. 
1 second-foot for one day covers 1 square mile 0.03719 inch deep. 
1 second-foot for one day equals 1.983 acre-feet. 
1,000,000 United States gallons per day equals 1.55 second-feet. 
1,000,000 United States gallons equals 3.07 acre-feet. 
1,000,000 cubic feet equals 22.95 acre-feet. 
1 acre-foot equals 325,850 gallons. 

1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 2,323,200 cubic feet. 
1 inch deep on 1 square mile equals 0.0737 second-foot per year. 
1 foot equals 0.3048 meter. 
1 mile equals 1.60935 kilometers. 
1 mile equals 5,280 feet. 
■ 1 acre equals 0.4047 hectare. 
1 acre equals 43,560 square feet. 
1 acre equals 209 feet square, nearly. 
1 square mile equals 2.59 square kilometers. 
1 cubic foot equals 0.0283 cubic meter. 
1 cubic foot equals 7.48 gallons. 
1 cubic foot of water weighs 62.5 pounds. 
1 cubic meter per minute equals 0.5886 second-foot. 
1 horsepower equals 550 foot-pounds per second. 
1 horsepower equals 76.0 kilogram-meters per second. 
1 horsepower equals 746 watts. 
1 horsepower equals 1 second-foot falling 8.80 feet. 
IJ horsepower equals about 1 kilowatt. 



To calculate water power quickly: 



Sec.-ft.Xfall in feet 



11 



= net horsepower on water 



wheel realizing 80 per cent of theoretical power. 



26 WATEE RESOUKCES OP HAWAH. 

OFFICE METHODS OF COMPUTING AND STUDYING 
DISCHARGE AND RUN- OFF. 

At the end of each year the field or base data for current-meter 
gaging stations, consisting of daily gage heights, discharge measure- 
ments, and notes from observers' books are assembled. The measure- 
ments are plotted on cross-section paper and rating curves are drawn 
wherever feasible. The rating tables prepared from these curves are 
then applied to the tables of daily gage heights to obtain the daily 
discharge, and from these applications the tables of monthly dis- 
charge and run-off are computed. 

Rating curves are drawn and studied with special reference to the 
class of channels which they represent. (See fig. 3, p. 339.) The dis- 
charge measurements for all classes of stations, when plotted with gage 
heights in feet as ordinates and discharges in second-feet as abscissas, 
define rating curves which are generally more or less parabolic in form. 
For many stations curves of area in square feet and mean velocity 
in feet per second are also constructed to the same scale of ordinates 
as the discharge curve. These are used mainly to extend the dis- 
charge curves beyond the limits of the plotted discharge measure- 
ments, to check the form of the discharge curve, and to determine 
and eliminate erroneous measurements. 

For every rating table the following assumptions are made for the 
period of application of the table: (a) That the discharge is a func- 
tion of and increases gradually with the stage; (h) that the discharge 
is the same whenever the stream is at a given stage, and hence such 
changes in conditions of flow as may have occurred during the period 
of application are either compensating or negligible, except that the 
rating, as stated in the footnote of each table, is not applicable for 
periods during which the channel was obstructed; (c) that the in- 
creased and decreased discharge due to change of slope on rising and 
falling stages is either negligible or compensating. 

As already stated, the gaging stations may be divided into several 
classes, as indicated in the following paragraphs : 

The stations of class 1 represent the most favorable conditions for 
an accurate rating and are also the most economical to maintaia. 
The bed of the stream is usually composed of rock and is not subject 
to the deposit of sediment and loose material. This class includes 
also many stations located in a pool below which is a permanent 
rocky riffle that controls the flow like a weir. Provided the control 
is sufficiently high and close to the gage to prevent cut and fill at the 
gaging point from materially affecting the slope of the water surface, 
the gage height will for all practical purposes be a true index of the 
discharge. Discharge measurements made at such stations usually 
plot within 2 or 3 per cent of the mean discharge curve, and the rat- 



OFFICE METHODS OF COMPUTING. 27 

ing developed from that curve represents a very high degree of accu- 
racy. 

Class 2 comprises mainly stations on rough, mountainous streams 
with steep slopes. The beds of such streams are, as a rule, com- 
paratively permanent during low and medium stages, and when the 
flow is sufficiently well defined by an adequate number of discharge 
measurements before and after each flood the stations of this class 
give nearly as good results as those of class 1. As it is seldom 
possible to make measurements covering the time of change at 
flood stage, the assumption is often made that the curves before 
and after the flood converged to a common point at the highest 
gage height recorded during the flood. Hence the only uncertain 
period occurs during the few days of highest gage heights covering 
the period of actual change in conditions of flow. 

Class 3 includes those stations where the stream bed is of a shifting 
character, or the controlling section below the gage frequently 
changes owing to cutting out by the current and the filling in of sand, 
gravel, and drift. In some cases in Hawaii changes are caused by 
the growth of vegetation in the stream bed. No absolute rule 
can be laid down for stations of this class. Each rating curve must 
be constructed mainly on the basis of the measurements of the cur- 
rent year, the engineer being guided largely by the history of the 
station and the following general law: If all measurements ever made 
at a station of this class are plotted on cross-section paper, they will 
define a mean curve which may be called a standard curve. It has 
been found in practice that if after a change caused by high stage a 
relatively constant condition of fiow occurs at medium and low 
stages, all measurements made after the change will plot on a smooth 
curve which is practically parallel to the standard curve with respect 
to ordinates or gage heights. This law of the parallelism of rating 
curves is the fundamental basis of all ratings and estimates at stations 
with semipermanent and shifting channels. It is not absolutely cor- 
rect, but, with few exceptions, answers all the practical requirements 
of estimates made at low and medium stages after a change at a high 
stage. This law appears to hold equally true whether the change 
occurs at the measuring section or at some controlling point below. 
The change is, of course, fundamentally due to change in the chan- 
nel caused by cut or fill, or both, at or near the measuring section. 
For all except small streams the changes in section usually occur at 
the bottom. The following simple but typical examples illustrate 
this law : 

(a) If 0.5 foot of planking were to be nailed on the bottom of a well- 
rated wooden flume of rectangular section there would result, other 
conditions of flow being equal, new curves of discharge, area, and 



28 WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

velocity, each plotting 0.5 foot above the original curves when 
referred to the original gage. In other words, this condition would 
be analogous to a uniform fill or cut in a river channel which either 
reduces or increases all three values of discharge, area, and velocity 
for any gage height. In practice, however, such ideal conditions 
rarely exist. 

(b) In the case of a cut or fill at the measuring section there is a 
marked tendency toward decrease or increase, respectively, of the 
velocity. In other words, the velocity has a compensating effect, and 
if the compensation is exact at all stages the discharge at a given 
stage will be the same under both the new and the old conditions. 

(c) In the case of uniform change along the crest of a weir or 
rocky control the area curve wUl remain the same as before the 
change, and it can be shown that here again the change in velocity 
curve is such that it will produce a new discharge curve essentially 
parallel to the original discharge curve with respect to their ordinates. 

Of course, in actual practice such simple changes of section do not 
occur. The changes are complicated and lack uniformity, a cut at 
one place being largely offset by a fill at another, and vice versa. 
If these changes are very radical and involve large percentages of 
the total area — as, for example, on small streams — there may result 
a wide departure from the law of parallelism of rating curves. In 
complicated changes of section the corresponding changes in velocity 
which tend to produce a new parallel discharge curve may interfere 
with each other materially, causing eddies, boils, backwater, and 
radical changes in slope. In such extreme conditions, however, the 
measuring section would more properly fall under class 4 and would 
require very frequent measurements of discharge. Special stress is 
laid on the fact that in the lack of other data to the contrary the 
utilization of this law will yield the most probable results. 

Slight changes at low or medium stages of an oscillating character 
are usually averaged by a mean curve drawn among them parallel 
to the standard curve, and if the individual measurements do not 
vary more than 5 per cent from the rating curve, the results are 
considered good for stations of this class. 

Class 4 comprises stations on streams that have soft, muddy, or 
sandy beds. Good results can be obtained from such sections only 
by frequent discharge measurements, the frequency ranging from a 
measurement every two or three weeks to a measurement every day, 
according to the rate of diurnal change in conditions of flow. These 
measurements are plotted and a mean or standard curve drawn 
among them. It is assumed that there is a different rating curve 
for every day of the year and that this rating is parallel to the stand- 
ard curve with respect to their ordinates. On the day of a measure- 
ment the rating curve for that day passes through that measurement. 



EXPLANATION OF TABLES. 29 

For days between successive measurements it is assumed that the 
rate of change is uniform, and hence the ratings for the intervening 
days are equally spaced between the ratings passing through the two 
measurements. This method must be modified or abandoned 
altogether under special conditions. Personal judgment and a 
knowledge of the conditions involved can alone dictate the course 
to pursue in such cases. 

The computations have as a rule been carried to three significant 
figures. Computation machines and the 20-inch sUde rule have 
been generally used. AH computations are carefully checked. 

After the computations have been completed they are entered in 
tables and carefully studied and intercompared to eUminate or 
account for all gross errors so far as possible. Missing periods are 
filled in, so far as feasible, by means of comparison with records for 
adjacent streams. The attempt is made to complete years or periods 
of discharge, thus eUminating fragmentary and disjointed records. 
Full notes accompanying such estimates follow the daily and monthly 
discharge tables. 

EXPLANATION OF TABLES. 

For each drainage basin there is given a brief general description 
covering such items as area, topography, source, tributaries, foresta- 
tion, rainfall, irrigation, and other features of interest and importance. 
For each regular current-meter gaging station are given in general 
the following data: Description of station, list of discharge measure- 
ments, table of daily gage height, table of daily discharge, table of 
monthly and yearly discharge, and run-off in acre-feet. For stations 
located at weirs or dams the gage-height table is omitted. 

All rates of flow are expressed as second-feet, because distances and 
depths are measured in feet, and velocities in feet per second. The 
flow is thus obtained in cubic feet per second, or more briefly in 
"second-feet." The term ''million gallons per 24 hours" is not used 
except in a few tables where the results of pumping stations have 
been given in million gallons as well as second-feet. "Million gallons 
per 24 hours" is not a primary but a derived unit. To convert sec- 
ond-feet into million gallons per 24 hours divide by 1.55. 

In addition to statements regarding the location and installation 
of current-meter stations, the descriptions give information in regard 
to any conditions which may affect the constancy of the relation of 
gage height to discharge, covering such points as shifting channels and 
backwater; also information regarding diversions which decrease the 
total flow at the measuring section. Statements are also made regard- 
ing the accuracy and reliability of the data. 

The discharge-measurement table gives the results of the discharge 
measurements made during the year, including the date, name of 



30 WATEE EESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

hvdrographer, width and area of cross section, gage height, and 
discharge in second -feet. 

The table of daily gage height records the daily fluctuations of the 
surface of the river as found from the mean of the gage readings taken 
each day. At most stations the gage is read in the morning and in 
the evening unless a continuous record is obtained by means of an 
automatic instrument. The gage height given in the table represents 
the elevation of the surface of the water above the zero of the gage. 
All gage heights affected by shifting conditions of flow or by back- 
water from obstructions are published as recorded, with suitable foot- 
notes. The rating table is not applicable for such periods unless the 
proper corrections to the gage heights are known and applied. Atten- 
tion is called to the fact that the zero of the gage is placed at an arbi- 
trary datum and has no relation to zero flow or the bottom of the river. 
In general the zero is located somewhat below the lowest known 
flow, so that negative readings shall not occur. 

The discharge measurements and gage heights are the base data 
from which rating tables, daily discharge tables, and monthly dis- 
charge tables are computed. 

The rating table gives, either directly or by interpolation, the 
discharge in second-feet corresponding to every stage of the river 
recorded during the period for which it is applicable. It is not pub- 
lished in this report, but can be determined from the daily gage 
heights and daily discharges, for the purpose of verifying the pub- 
lished results as follows : 

First plot the discharge measurements on cross-section paper with 
gage height in feet as ordinates and discharge in second-feet as 
abscissas. Then tabulate a number of gage heights taken from the 
daily gage-height table for the complete range of stage given and the 
corresponding discharges for the days selected from the daily discharge 
table and plot the values on cross-section paper. The last points 
plotted will define the rating curve used and will lie among the plotted 
discharge measurements. After drawing the rating curve, a table 
can be prepared by scaling off the discharge in second-feet for each 
tenth foot of gage height. These values should be so adjusted that 
the first differences shall always be increasing or constant, except for 
known conditions of backwater. 

The table of daily discharge gives the discharge in second-feet cor- 
responding to the observed gage height as determined from the rating 
table, the number of significant figures used varying with the size 
of the discharge. For quantities below 0. 5 second-foot the daily 
discharge is carried to hundredths; from 0.5 to 9.9 second-feet, to 
tenths only; from 10 to 99 second-feet all decimals are omitted, and 
above 100 second-feet only three significant figures are used. 



ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF DATA. 31 

In the table of monthly discharge the column headed "Maximum" 
gives the mean flow, as determined from the rating table, for the day 
when the mean gage height was highest. As the gage height is the 
mean for the day, it does not indicate correctly the stage when the 
water surface was at crest height, and the corresponding discharge 
was consequently larger than given in the maximum column. Like- 
wise in the column of "Minimum" the quantity given is the mean 
flow for the day when the mean gage height was lowest. The column 
headed "Mean" is the average flow in cubic feet for each second dur- 
ing the month. On this the computations for the remaining columns, 
which are defined on page 24, are based. 

ACCURACY AND RELIABILITY OF FIELD DATA AND 
COMPARATIVE RESULTS. 

Practically all discharge measurements made under fair conditions 
are well within 5 per cent of the true discharge at the time of obser- 
vation. Inasmuch as the errors of meter measurements are largely 
compensating, the mean rating curve, when well defined, is much 
more accurate than the individual measurements. Numerous tests 
and experiments have been made to test the accuracy of current- 
meter work. These show that it compares very favorably with the 
results from standard weirs, and, owing to simplicity of methods, 
usually gives results that are much more reliable than those from 
the ordinary weir used under conditions widely different from those 
under which the weir formula was derived. 

The work is, of course, dependent on the reliability of the observers. 
With relatively few exceptions, the observers perform their work 
honestly. Care is taken, however, to watch them closely and to 
inquire into any discrepancies. It is, of course, obvious that one 
gage reading a day does not always give the mean height for that 
day. As an almost invariable rule, however, errors from this source 
are cornpensating and virtually negligible in a period of one month, 
although a single day's reading may, when taken by itself, be con- 
siderably in error. 

In order to give engineers and others information regarding the 
probable accuracy of the computed results, footnotes are added to the 
daily discharge tables, stating the probable accuracy of the rating 
tables used, and an accuracy column is inserted in the monthly dis- 
charge table. For the rating tables ''well defined" indicates in gen- 
eral that the rating is probably accurate within 5 per cent; "fairly 
well defined," within 10 per cent; "poorly defined" or "approxi- 
mate," within 15 to 25 per cent. These notes are very general and 
are based on the plotting of the individual measurements with refer- 
ence to the mean rating curve. 



32 WATEE EESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

The accuracy column in the monthly discharge table does not apply 
to the maximum or minimum nor to any individual day, but to the 
monthly mean. It is based on the accuracy of the rating, the prob- 
able reliability of the observer, and knowledge of local conditions. In 
this column, A indicates that the mean monthly flow is probably 
accurate within 5 per cent; B, within 10 per cent; C, within 15 per 
cent; D, within 25 per cent. Special conditions are covered by foot" 
notes. 

GAGING STATIONS MAINTAINED IN HAWAII. 

The following list comprises the gaging stations maintained in 
Hawaii by the United States Geological Survey and cooperative par- 
ties. The stations are arranged by stream basins and appear in sys- 
tematic order for the several islands, tributaries of main streams 
being indicated by indention. The date refers to the years or parts 
of years for which records are available. (See Pis. XII-XV, at end 
of volume.) 

EATTAI ISLAND. 

Waimea River near Waimea, 1909-1911. 
Poomau River: 

Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, 1909-1911. 

Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, 1909-191L 
Mohihi Stream near Waimea, 1909-1911. 
Waialae Stream near Waimea, 1910-11. 
Kekaha ditch at intake near Waimea, 1910-11. 
Kekaha ditch at flume No. 3, near Waimea, 1910-11. 
Kekaha ditch at siphon, near Waimea, 1910-11. 
Kekaha ditch at tunnel No. 12 weir, near Waimea, 1910-lL 
Waimea ditch near Waimea, 1911. 
Kamenehune ditch near Waimea, 1911. 
Makaweli River near Waimea, 1911. 
Olokele River: 

Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Makaweli, 1910-11. 
Poowaiomahaihai ditch near Waimea, 1911. 
Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, 1911. 
Hanapepe River at Kaula, near Eleele, 1910-11. 

Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, 1911. 
Hanapepe ditch at Kaula, near Eleele, 1910-11. 
Hanapepe ditch at weir, near Makaweli, 1910-11. 
Hiloa Stream at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, 1911. 
Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, 191L 
Hanamaula River at Kapai, near Lihue, 1911. 
Wailua River: 

South Fork of Wailua River at siphon, near Lihue, 1910-11. 
South Fork of Wailua River above Waiehu Falls, near Lihue, 1911. 
Lihue ditch near Lihue, 1910-11. 
Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue, 1910-11. 
North Fork of Wailua River near Lihue, 1910-11. 
Kanaha ditch near Lihue, 1910-11. 



GAGING STATIOI^S. 33 

KonohiM Stream at Makakualele weir, near Kapaa, 1911. 

Kaehulua Stream at Kainaliola (mule stable) weir, near Kapaa, 1911, 

Kaehulua Stream at Wainamuamu weir, near Kapaa, 1911. 

Kaehulua Stream at Kuhinoa weir, near Kapaa, 1911. 
Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa, 1910-11. 

Akulikuli Springs near Kapaa, 1909-1911. 

Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, 1909-1911. 
Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, 1909-1911. 
Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, 1909-1911. 
Pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, 1909-1911. 

Kealia Stream: 

Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia, 1907-191L 
Anahola River above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, 1910. 
Anahola River at Kiokala dam, near Kealia, 1910-11. 

Anahola ditch at Kiokala, near Kealia, 1909-1911. 

Anahola ditch at makai weir, near Kealia, 1909-1911, 
Hanalei River near Hanalei, 1911. 

China ditch near Hanalei, 1911. 
Wainiha River at power house, near Wainiha, 1911. 

Wainiha canal at intake, near Wainiha, 1910-11. 

Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainihi, 191L 

Wainiha canal at tailrace, near Wainiha, 1911. 

OAHTT ISLAND. 

Palolo Stream: 

Waiomao Stream at 950-foot elevation, near Honolulu, 1911. 

Waiomao Stream at bridge above Pukele Stream, near Honolulu, 191L 
Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu, 1910-11. 
Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu, 1909-10. 
Manoa Stream at Waialae Road, near Honolulu, 1910-11. 
Pauoa Stream below Kahuawai Springs, near Honolulu, 1911. 
Nuuanu Stream at Kuakini Street, Honolulu, 1911. 

Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, 1911. 

Luakaha weir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, 1910-lL 
Kaukonahua Stream: 

South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa, 1911. 

North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa, 1911. 

Wahiawa Reservoir ditch near Wahiawa, 1910-11. 
Kaipapau Stream near Hauula, 1906-7. 
Kaluanui Stream near Hauula, 1906-7. 
Punaluu Stream near Hauula, 1906-7. 
Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula, near Waikane, 1911, 
Waiahole Stream at Waiahole, near Waikane, 1911. 

Waihi Stream near Waikane, 1911. 

Halona Stream near Waikane, 1911. 

Waianu Stream near Waikane, 1911. 

MATTI ISLAND. 

Waihee Stream near Waihee, 1910-11. 
Waihee canal near Waihee, 1910-11. 
Waihee canal at weir near Wailuku, 1911. 
Spreckels ditch near Waihee, 1910-11. 
Spreckels ditch at Waiale weir, near Wailuku, 1910-11, 
74323°— wsp 318—13 3 



34 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Waiehu Stream: 

North Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, 1911. 

North Waiehu ditch near Wailuku, 1910-11. 

South Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, 1910-11. 
lao Stream near Wailuku, 1910-11. 

Maniania ditch near Wailuku, 1910-11. 
Waikapu Stream near Waikapu, 1910-11. 

South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu, 1910-11. 

Palolo (Everett) ditch near Waikapu, 1910-11. 
Ukumehame Stream near Olawalu, 1911. 
Olowalu Stream: 

Olowalu ditch No. 1 near Olowalu, 1911. 
Launiupoko Stream near Lahaina, 1911. 
Kauaula Stream near Lahaina, 1911. 

Kauaula weir No. 1 near Lahaina, 1901, 

Kauaula weir No. 2 near Lahaina, 1901. 

Kauaula weir No. 3 near Lahaina, 1901. 
Lahainaluna Stream near Lahaina, 1911. 

Lahainaluna weir No. 1 near Lahaina, 1901. 

Lahainaluna weir No. 2 near Lahaina, 1901. 
Kahoma Stream near Lahaina, 1911. 

Kahoma Stream at weir No. 1, near Lahaina, 1901. 

Kahoma Stream at weir No. 2, near Lahaina, 1901. 

Kahoma ditch at weir near Lahaina, 1911. 
Honokawai Stream near Lahaina, 1911. 

Honokawai weir No. 1 near Lahaina, 1901. 
Honolua Stream near Honokohau, 1911. 

Honolula ditch near Honokohau, 1911. ; 
Honokahau Stream near Honokahau, 1911. 

Honokahau ditch at intake, near Honokahau, 1907-1911. 

Honokahau ditch above Honolua Stream, near Honokahau, 1910-11. 

Honokahau ditch at Honokawai weir, near Lahaina, 1910-11. 
Koolau ditch region : 

Koolau ditch near Keanae, 1910-11. 

Koolau ditch at Alo division weir, near Huelo, 190&-1911. 
Spreckels ditch region: 

Haipuaena Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Alo Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Oopuola Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 2, near Huelo, 1911. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 3, near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 4, near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 5, near Huelo, 1911. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 6, near Huelo, 1911. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 7, near Huelo, 1911. 

Spreckels ditch at station No. 8, near Huelo, 1911. 
Center ditch region: 

Center ditch near Huelo, 1910-lX. 



GAGING STATIONS. 35 

Hamakua ditch region: 

Nailiilihaele Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Eailaa Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Oanui Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Honopou Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Halehaku Stream at dam, near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Halehaku Stream weir near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Opana Stream near Huelo, 1910-11. 

Opana ditch near Huelo, 1910-11. 
New Hamakua ditch at Nailiilihaele weir, near Huelo, 1910-11. 
New Hamakua ditch at Halehaku weir, near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Old Hamakua ditch at Opana weir, near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Kaluanui ditch at Puuomalei, near Hamakuapoko, 1910-11. 
Lowrie ditch at Opana weir, near Huelo, 1910-11. 
Haiku ditch at Peahi weir, near Huelo, 1910-11. 

HAWAII ISLAND. 

Hilo group: 

Wailuku River near HUo, 1911. ' 

HonoUi River at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, 1911. 
Honolii ditch at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, 1911. 
Kawainui River at Kawainui, near Pepeekeo, 1911. 
81 stations at 2,500 feet elevation, near Hilo, 1911. 
Hamakua group: 

Waipio River below Koiawe, near Waipio, 1911. 
Waipio River below Waima, near Waipio, 1911. 
Waipio River at 360 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Kawainui of Waipio River, near Waipio, 1911. 
Kawainxii Stream at 2,120 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Kawainui Stream at 1,435 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Kawainui Stream at 775 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 

Branch No. 3 of Kawainui Stream at 1,700 feet elevation, near Waipio, 

1901-2. 
Branch No. 2 of Kawainui Stream at 1,405 feet elevation, near Waipio, 

1901-2. 
Branch No. 1 of Kawainui Stream at 1,380 feet elevation, near Waipio, 
1901-2. 
Alakahi Stream at 1,200 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Alakahi Stream at 730 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Koiawe Stream at 1,120 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Koiawe Stream at 610 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Waima Stream at 790 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Waima Stream at 385 feet elevation, near Waipio, 1901-2. 
Kohala group: 

Honokane Stream: 

East Branch of Honokane Stream at 1,300 feet elevation, near Honokane, 

1901. 
East Branch of Honokane Stream at 770 feet elevation, near Honokane, 1901. 
West Branch of Honokane Stream at 1,370 feet elevation, near Honokane, 

1901. 
West Branch of Honokane Stream at 775 feet elevation, near Honokane, 1901. 
Kohala ditch near Kohala, 1910-11. 



36 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII, 

ISLAND OF KAUAI. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Kaiiai is the smallest of the four large islands, and lies at the 
northwest end of the main group. (See PI. I.) It is separated from 
Oahu on the southeast by the Kaieie Waho Channel, the width of 
which is 63 sea miles, and its nearest landing, Nawiliwili, is 98 sea 
miles from Honolulu. (See PI. XIII, at end of volume.) 

On the map Kauai appears approximately circular in outline, but 
its greatest length east and west — that is, from Mana to Anahola — is 
about 32 miles, while its width, north and south, from Hanalei to 
Hanapepe, is only about 22 miles. Its area is 547 square miles, which 
is somewhat less than one-haK that of Rhode Island. Its shore line is 
fairly regular, and there are not many bays or capea. Hanalei on the 
north and Nawiliwili on the southeast are the two principal bays. 
Tte water is deep near the shore, and there are few coral reefs. It is 
probable, however, that the coastal plain, which extends around a 
large part of the island, is the result of wash from the highlands 
which has been deposited between the old shore line and coral reefs 
that may have existed originally. Mana Flat on the west, which is 
2 or 3 miles wide and stretches westward about 10 miles from Waimea, 
appears to be due to wash which has been deposited on uphfted coral 
beds. 

The highest part of Kauai consists of the mountain mass called 
Waialeale, which occupies the central part of the island. Waialeale 
Peak is 5,080 feet above sea level. Kawaikini Peak, about 1 mile 
farther south, is 90 feet higher. From the region of these peaks the 
slope is rapid in every direction, being more precipitous, however, 
toward the east. 

Three important ridges, or divides, branch off from Waialeale and 
thus determine the course of the streams. One of these ridges 
extends toward the northeast through peaks back of Kealia and 
along the crest of the Anahola Mountains to the sea. The other two 
constitute the main divide or backbone of the island, which, starting 
at the southeast, follows along the Haupu Ridge east of Koloa across 
the Koloa-Lihue Gap and then northward along the ridge east of 
Hanapepe basin to the summit, where it turns slightly to the north- 
west along the western edge of the Wamiha basin to the sea. Another 
important divide leaves the main one at.Kilohana north of Alakai 
Swamp, and follows westward along the Kaunuohua Ridge, and then 
southward along the western edge of Waimea Canyon to the sea. 
These watersheds mark out four distinct drainage areas or basins. 

The western area includes Napah (the precipices) on the northwest, 
and that part of the island west of Waimea Canyon. It consists for 
the most part of open rolling country sloping to the west from 



ISLAND OP KAUAI. 37 

Waimea Canyon, and intersected by numerous gulches which are 
practically dry except for a few hours after storms. Along the 
northwest coast, however, there are several short streams which issue 
from the deep, narrow canyons that lie among the cliflfs of this 
region. 

The southern basin comprises about one-third of the island and 
includes all the streams west and south of the main divide. The 
northern part of the area is comparatively flat and is of a swampy 
nature. There are numerous streams, all of which rise on the western 
slope of the divide at or near the crest and flow westward or south- 
ward. Most of them have cut deep channels, some of which are veri- 
table canyons, which extend far back from the sea and are separated 
by narrow ridges. The Waimea Canyon is especially noteworthy. 
It is about 10 miles long, a mile or more wide, and 2,000 to 3,000 feet 
deep. Its coloring and sculpturing are exquisite, and remind one of 
the Grand Canyon of the Colorado. PracticaUy all the run-off from 
this basm reaches the sea through Waimea, Makaweli (Olokele), and 
Hanapepe Rivers. The eastern basin includes all streams east of the 
main divide and south of the Waialeale-Anahola divide. The 
greater part of this area is more or less open and comparatively flat, 
having, been leveled by erosive agencies for a considerable distance 
back from the sea. The general slope is comparatively light except 
Qear the crest of the divide, where it is very steep. The east side 
of Waialeale is almost vertical for a depth of 2,000 to 3,000 feet. The 
general slope has been somewhat modified by Kalepa Ridge on the 
east, 600 to 700 feet high and 5 miles long, through which Wailua 
River has cut its channel; and by Kilohana Crater west of Lihue, a 
tufa cone 1,134 feet in height which was thrown up after the general 
drainage lines had been formed. The run-off from this basin reaches 
the sea chiefly through the following streams : Huleia, Kapaia, North 
and South Wailua, Kapaa, and Anahola. 

The northern basin is somewhat triangular in shape and includes all 
streams going to sea between Anahola on the east and Napali on the 
west. This basin is characterized by several long, narrow ridges radi- 
ating northward from Waialeale and separating deep gulches that 
carry good-sized streams. The eastern part of the basin is compara- 
tively open and has only small streams. The western part is exceed- 
ingly well favored by large streams. The run-off' from this basin 
reaches the sea chiefly through the Wainiha, Lumahai, Waioli, Hana- 
lei, Kalihiwai, Kilauea, and Moloaa streams. 

As compared with the other islands, Kauai is unique in several ways. 
It is the oldest of the larger islands, and consists of one central moun- 
tain mass, diff'ering in this respect from Oahu, Maui, and Hawaii, each 
of which consists of two or more distinct mountain masses formed at 
different times. Because of its greater age its various natural 
features are better differentiated. 



38 WATEB KESOUECES OP HAWAII. 

Erosion has wrought greater changes on Kauai than on the other 
islands. The valleys are longer, deeper, and broader. Permanent 
ritreams flow out to sea in every direction except on the western 
side, which is deprived of streams largely because of the deep Waimea 
Canyon, This canyon occupies a position at right angles to the 
general slope and intercepts the flow toward the west. The streams 
are not only of good size, but are more uniform in flow and flatter in 
grade than the streams on the other islands, though there are some 
waterfalls. (See PI. VII.) The rainfaU varies greatly in different 
localities according to exposure to trade winds and mountain masses 
and to elevation above the sea, but the range is not so great and irregu- 
lar as on the other islands. The average annual rainfall near sea leVel 
ranges from 15 or 20 inches at Mana to 63 inches at Koloa, on the 
leeward side, and from 45 inches at Lihue to 100 inches at Hanalei, 
on the windward side. The increase is rapid with increase ia eleva- 
tion, so that at 1,000 to 2,000 feet the rainfaU ranges from 100 to 200 
inches annuaUy on the windward slopes. The fragmentary records 
available indicate that the increase continues to the summit of 
Waialeale, where the rainfaU probably exceeds 400 inches a year. 

Every important stream on Kauai is drawn upon to a greater or 
less extent for irrigation. The chief demand is for irrigation of cane, 
and the larger ditches are for that purpose. The cane belt extends 
from Mana on the west to Kilauea on the north, and all the streams 
within that area furnish water for cane. Rice is grown on the low- 
lands and in aU the vaUeys. Some taro is also grown in the valleys. 
Both rice and taro require large quantities of water and are grown 
only on the lowlands where water is easily obtained. Pineapples are 
also grown on Kauai and cotton is being tried, but these crops are 
not irrigated. 

Kauai is caUed the "garden island," probably on account of its 
flora, which is said to be more diverse and better developed than the 
flora on any of the other islands. The line of dense vegetation no 
longer reaches down to the sea as it probably did originally, but has 
receded a considerable distance from the shore. At the present time 
the dense vegetation is largely confined to the higher elevations, and 
even there it is being opened up somewhat through the depredations 
of wild pigs and a few wild cattle. Most of the forested area is now 
included in forest reserves, and efforts are being made to prevent 
further injury to the existing forests and encourage reforestation. 
The Territorial Government is much interested in preserving the 
forests because a large part of Kauai is still in public ownership, 
and so also is much of the water which is closely related to the forest 
cover. Private parties are also cooperating in preserving the forest 
and in reforestation. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 39 

The population of Kauai by the census of 1910 was 23,952. Of 
these about one-half consists of Japanese, Chinese, and Portuguese. 
A large number of the Chinese are engaged in the rice industry, which 
they prmcipally control. The people live in small towns or villages, 
the largest of which are Waimea and Lihue. Lihue is the county 
seat and nearest landing from Honolulu. Other places of importance 
are Kekaha, MakaweH, Hanapepe, Eleele, Koloa, Kealia, Kilauea, 
and Hanalei. Kauai has no good harbor at the present time, but 
will have one in the near future. It has excellent roads which 
extend almost completely around the island and greatly facihtate 
overland travel. 

WAIMEA RrVER BASIN. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

Waimea River basin comprises an area of approximately 58 square 
miles, exclusive of Makaweh River basin. It is much larger than 
any other river basin on Kauai. It lies north of Makaweh basin, 
west of Wainiha basm, and south of Kaunuohua Ridge, which sep- 
arates it from the Napah section. In shape it is almost a perfect 
square in its upper part, 7 miles on a side, with a handle attached 
to the south corner. The slope is toward the southwest. All the 
streams rise on the northeastern side at an elevation of 4,000 to 
5,000 feet, and flow, in parallel courses southwestward to the main 
stream, which runs southward in a canyon 2,000 to 3,000 feet deep. 
The main Waimea is called Poomau River in the upper part of its 
canyon. Disregarding change of name, the chief tributaries from 
north to south are Kauaikanana and Kokee streams from the west, 
and Kawaikoi, WaiakoaH, Mohihi, Koaie, Waialae, and Mokihana 
streams from the east. Of all the tributaries the Koaie has the 
deepest and longest canyon, which reaches well back toward its 
source. 

The Waimea basin hes on the leeward side of the main divide 
northwest of the Waialeale ram region, and receives less rain than 
the basins on the windward side. Ten rain gages were placed in 
the upper part of this basin m 1910 at elevations of 3,400 to 4,400 
feet, and the rainfall for 1911 as shown by them ranged from 80 or 
90 inches m the southern and western parts to more than 200 inches 
in the eastern and northern parts. (See pp. 410-415.) The northern 
part of the basin consists of an open, swampy country which serves 
as a natural reservoir for regulating the flow of the streams. 

Water is diverted for irrigation at various points below elevation 
600 feet. The principal ditches in order downstream are Kekaha, 
Waimea, and Kamenehune, all of which divert water for use on the 
west side. Numerous other smaU rice and taro ditches exist in the 
vaUey. 



40 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Gaging stations have been established on Kawaikoi, Waiakoali, 
Mohihi, and Waialae streams in the upper part of the basin and on 
Waimea River and the three main ditches below. 

WAIMEA RIVER NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

A gage was established on Waimea River July 9, 1910, at a point 
about 1,000 feet above its confluence with Makaweli River, and 
records were kept until October, 1911. The gage heights were 
affected at times by high water in Makaweh River and by backwater 
resulting from the accumulation of sand at the mouth. The chan- 
nel was also subject to scouring and silting during high stages. No 
provision was made for obtaining high-water measurements, and 
only wading measurements could be made. 

A new station was established October 5, 1911, just above the 
ford about 1 mUe above the old station and about 2 miles from the 
town of Waimea. A staff gage on the right bank, graduated in 
tenths of feet and read daily, is used to obtain gage heights. A wire 
suspension bridge is used for making measurements except at low 
water, when wading measurements are made. 

The stream bed is 70 feet wide, and the extreme range in stage is 
probably 8 to 10 feet. 

The station is below the main ditches, and the flow at dry periods 
represents only waste or seepage water, since the ditches at such 
periods take all the water at the points of diversion. 

Discharge measurements of Waimea River near Waimea, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



1910. 
July 10 
Sept. 28 
Oct. 27 
Nov. 15 

1911. 
Feb. 16 
Apr. 29 
Sept. 15a 
Nov. 4° 



Hydrographer. 



W. F. Martin 

Martin, Pierce, Mendes 

J. E. Mendes 

Martin and Mendes 

Martin and Hoj^t 

W. F. Martin 

W. v. Hardy 

do 



Width. 



Feet. 

27 

46 
100 

29 



60 
50 

7.2 
3.5 



Area of 
action. 



Sq.ft. 
8.8 
51 
180 
42.3 



61 

43.0 
3.8 
1.0 



height. 



Feet. 
1.50 
1.90 
3.60 
2.50 



2.98 
2.38 
63.80 
C3.78 



Dis- 
charge. 



Sec.-ft. 

5.7 

41.1 

380 

12.7 



39.3 
2.24 
0.91 



a Measurement made at new station about one-half mile above the old one, which was abandoned because 
of shifting channel. 
6 Gage height at old station 2.80. 
c Gage height at old station 1.72. 

Note.— An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. Measure- 
ments made by wading at various sections. 



ISLAND OP KAUAI. 



41 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waimea River near Waimea, Kauai for 1910-11. 
[S. D. Z. Naahielua and T. Mokuahakea, observers.] 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1.48 
1.45 
1.45 
1.88 
3.40 

1.74 
1.50 
1.49 
1.47 
1.48 

1.56 
1.46 
1.44 
1.43 
1.43 


1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 

1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 

al.58 
a2.45 
a2.64 
1.65 
3.42 


1.44 
02. 01 
O2.09 

1.43 
O2.30 

a2.19 
1.50 

«3.12 
1.92 
1.90 

1.50 
1.50 
1.66 
1.64 
01.76 


1.90 
7.90 
5.30 
4.05 
4.05 

3.48 
3.13 
2.96 
2.82 
2.68 

3.20 

2.83 
2.64 
2.52 
2.48 


4.18 
4.18 
3.22 
2.75 
2.65 

2.82 
3.59 
2.75 
2.54 
2.50 

2.48 
2.45 
2.44 
2.38 
2.35 


1910. 
16 


1.58 
al.84 
1.55 
1.50 
2.12 

1.70 
1.52 
1.50 
1.50 
"1.60 

a2.68 
2.76 
1.78 
1.58 
1.51 
1.50 


1.43 
01.95 
1.40 
1.40 
1.48 

3.00 
1.68 
1.48 
1.45 
1.68 

1.92 
1.55 
1.50 
1.50 
1.48 
1.46 


1.66 

02.10 

03.21 

1.50 

2.09 

1.70 

0I.86 

03.32 

1.60 

1.50 

1.60 
2.13 
1.85 
1.62 
1.50 


a2.92 
1.48 

02.31 
1.52 
1.42 

O2.05 
01.85 
02.88 
03. 80 
1.62 

1.66 
5.68 
5.75 
2.82 
2.31 
2.08 


2.46 
2.44 
2.42 
2.40 
2.38 

2.38 
2.38 
2.38 
2. .38 
2.38 

2.59 
2.65 
2.46 
2.95 
2.75 


2.35 


2 




17 


2.35 


3 




18 


2.35 


4.. 




19 


2.32 


5 




20 


2.30 


6 




21 


2 29 


7.. .' 




22 


2.28 


8 




23 


2.28 


9 


1.50 
1.50 

1.50 
1.50 
1.70 
1.54 
1.50 


24 


3.75 


10.. 


25 


5.95 


11 


26 


4.22 


12 


27 


4 14 


13. . 


28 


2.98 


14 


29 


3 30 


15 


30 


6.85 




31 


3 82 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


3.28 
2.95 
2.64 
2.52 
5.23 

4.60 
3.75 
6.45 
4.62 
4.28 

4.26 
4.28 
4.54 
3.61 
3.36 

3.30 
5.95 
5.45 
6.12 
4.50 

3.74 
3.54 
3.32 
4.90 
4.60 

3.39 
3.22 
3.50 
3.17 
2.95 
.■^.07 


5.95 
4.18 
3.36 
4.05 
3.38 

5.27 
4.44 
5.38 
5.79 
6.88 

4.12 
3.55 
3.35 
3.15 
2.96 

2.87 
2.76 
2.68 
2.62 
2.56 

2.51 
2.50 
2.50 
4.24 
3.34 

5.81 
4.51 
3.70 


3.24 
2.98 

2.88 
2.78 
2.73 

2.70 
2.70 
4.18 
3.54 
3.00 

2.82 
2.77 
2.71 
2.62 
2.57 

2.85 
3.28 
3,31 
3.40 
3.44 

3.22 
4.55 
3.43 
2.86 
5.50 

4.89 
4.24 
3.82 
3.73 
4.20 
3.42 


3.18 
3.04 
2.91 
2.70 
2.60 

2.50 
2.41 
2.38 
2.32 
2.27 

2.23 
2.19 
2.17 
2.16 
2.13 

2.09 
2.04 
2.00 
2.00 
2.30 

2.12 
2.65 
5.40 
5.52 
3.59 

2.89 
2.49 
2.62 
2.45 
2.18 


2.01 
1.94 
1.90 
1.98 
2.10 

2.02 
1.94 
1.89 
4.58 
2.76 

2.25 
1.98 
1.94 
2.75 
3.38 

3.40 
2.48 
2.25 
2.05 
1.91 

2.48 
2.54 
2.50 
2.04 
1.94 

1.90 
4.18 
3.58 
5.25 
3.06 
2.65 


2.44 
2.15 
2.04 
2.02 
1.99 

2.00 
2.75 
3.28 
2.29 
2.10 

1.90 
1.80 
2.12 
2.48 
1.92 

1.79 
1.76 
1.76 
1.76 
1.76 

1.76 
1.76 
1.76 
1.78 
1.84 

1.80 
2.32 
2.38 
1.88 
1.84 


1.82 
1.80 
1.75 
2.12 
1.97 

2.15 
1.99 
1.76 
1.71 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
O2.80 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.75 
1.75 
1.70 

1.75 
O1.80 
a2.64 
O2.90 

1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
4.34 
2.44 
1.84 
1.72 


1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.68 

1.68 
1.68 
1.68 
1.76 
1.70 

1.68 
1.68 
1.68 
1.68 
1.68 

1.68 

1.68 

01.79 

O2.70 

1.73 

1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
01.80 

02.55 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 


01.80 
O2.70 
02.58 
1.70 
al.82 

02.08 
1.70 
1.70 
2.00 
2.29 

2.08 
1.92 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 

1.70 
2.65 
3.88 
2.28 
1.85 

1.95 
1.70 

2.74 
6.70 
3.38 

2.65 
2.70 
2.28 
2.12 
1.95 




3.75 
3.80 
3.70 
3.65 
3.80 

3.75 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 

3.80 
3.80 
3.79 
4.61 
4.19 

4.05 
5.00 
5.21 
6.30 
5.40 

5.38 
5.32 
4.90 
3.81 
6.22 

4.90 
5.02 
4.40 
3.93 
3.90 


3 85 


2 




3 85 


3 




3 81 


4 




3 80 


5 


4.00 


3 80 




3 80 


7 




3 80 


8 




5 60 


9 


3.85 
3.83 

3.82 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.81 

3.80 
3.80 
3.79 
3.80 
3.80 

3.75 
3.75 
3.71 
3.80 
4.00 

3.82 
3.71 
3.71 
3.71 
3.71 
.■i 71 


4.40 


10 


4 40 


11 


5 50 


12 


4 80 


13 


4 81 


14 


4 09 


15 


7 20 


16 


5 20 


17 


5 02 


18 


5 00 


19 


4 50 


20 


4 10 


21 


4 00 


22 


3 97 


23 


5 80 


24 


5 00 


25 


4 00 


26 


4 00 


27 


3 90 


28 


3 90 


29 


6 01 


30 


4 59 


31 


4 00 






1 
















1 





o Gage height aflected by backwater caused by sand bar at mouth of river. 



42 WATEE KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waimea River near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




6 
4 

4 

41 

323 

25 
6 
6 
4 
6 

9 
4 
4 
4 
4 


4 
4 
4 
4 
4 

4 
4 
4 
4 

4 

07 

olO 

013 

16 

323 


4 
04 
04 

4 
05 

06 

6 

024 

41 

41 

6 
6 
16 
16 
013 


41 
2,200 
660 
250 
250 

140 
86 
59 
41 
30 

93 
47 
26 
13 
13 


290 

290 

93 

36 

26 

41 
160 
36 
16 
13 

13 
10 
10 

7 
4 


1910. 
16 


12 

010 

9 

6 

64 

20 
6 
6 
6 
06I 

0II6 

172 

30 

12 

6 

6 


4 
03 
2 
2 
6 

225 

20 

6 

4 

20 

41 
9 
6 
6 
6 
4 


16 

013 
09 

6 
64 

20 
ol7 
15 

12 
6 

6 
70 
36 
12 

6 


09 
6 

06 
6 
2 

04 
06 
08 
a 10 
12 

16 
1,360 
1,390 
182 
92 
64 


10 
10 

7 
7 

7 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 

21 
26 
10 
59 
36 


4 


2 




17 


4 


3 




18 


4 


4 




19 


2 


5 




20 


2 


6 




21 


2 


7 




22 


2 


8 




23 


2 


9 


6 
6 

6 
6 

20 
9 
6 


24 


190 


10 


25 


965 


11 


26 


290 


12 


27 


275 


13 


28 


65 


14 


29 


109 


15 


30 


1,480 




31 


200 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1. 


109 
59 
26 
13 

640 

410 
190 
1,240 
410 
320 

305 
320 
420 
175 
130 

120 
560 
390 
620 
400 

210 
165 
120 
540 
435 

140 
105 
160 
95 
70 
105 


1,100 
355 
150 
310 

165 

740 

430 

810 

1,020 

1,690 

330 
190 
150 
115 

85 

70 
60 
55 
45 
35 

30 
30 
30 
370 
150 

1.010 
450 
225 


130 

95 
80 
65 
60 

55 
55 
350 
190 
95 

65 
60 
65 
55 
50 

90 
160 
160 
180 
190 

145 
500 
190 
90 
910 

630 
400 
275 
265 
385 
180 


145 
120 
95 
65 
55 

55 
45 
45 
35 
30 

30 
25 
20 
20 
20 

15 

12 
8 
8 

35 

15 

75 

920 

970 

250 

110 
55 
70 
50 
25 


8 
4 
2 
8 
15 

8 

4 

2 

560 

90 

30 
8 
4 

90 
210 

210 

55 

30 

12 

2 

55 
65 
55 
12 
4 

2 
420 
250 
840 
140 
75 


50 
20 
12 

8 
8 

8 

90 
185 
35 
15 

2 

15 
55 
2 











4 



45 

55 

6 

4 


2 


22 
10 

25 
15 







»0 









aO 
00 
aO 





500 
60 
4 

























00 

aO 







00 

00 







aO 
aO 
10 

00 

00 





25 

55 

30 
15 






100 

380 

55 

10 

20 



120 

1,820 

250 

100 
110 
55 
30 
20 


a 18 
a 17 
0I6 
a 13 
12 

all 

08 

06 
4.6 
4.6 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

1.1 

1.1 

.0 

2.2 

12 

2.2 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


1.1 

2.2 

.0 

.0 

2.2 

1.1 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2. 
2.2 
2.2 

58 

25 

15 
100 
125 
338 
154 

154 

139 

88 

2.2 

314 

88 

100 

40 

10 

7 


4.6 


2 


4.6 


3 


2.2 


4. 


2.2 


5 


2.2 


6 


2.2 


7 


2.2 


8 


187 


9 


40 


10 


40 


11 


170 


12 


77 


13 


77 


14 


18 


15. 


580 


16. ... . .. 


125 


17 


100 


18 


100 


19. 


49 


20 


18 


21 


12 


22 


10 


23.. . 


225 


24 


100 


25 


12 


26 


12 


27 


7 


28 


7 


29 


268 


30 


58 


31. . . . 


12 







a Discharge interpolated, because gage heights were uiu'eUable. 

Note. — Daily discharge computed from rating curves covering short periods and by the indirect method 
for shifting channels. Daily discharge after Oct. 1, 1911, obtained from a rating curve at the new station, 
which was poorly defined. The discharge at this station includes only the water passing out to sea through 
Waimea River below all diversions. 



ISLAND or KAUAI. 43 

Monthly discharge of Waiviea River near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

July 9-31 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



172 

323 

323 

1,390 

2,200 

1,480 



26.1 
26.3 
23.9 

109 

139 

150 



1,240 

1,690 
910 
970 

- 840 

185 

500 



1,820 

18 

338 

580 



13 
30 
50 

8 

2 













2.2 



290 

364 

201 

114 

105 
20.6 
20.6 
0.0 

106 

4.86 
59.3 
75.0 



1,820 



111.8 



1,190 
1,620 
1,420 
6,700 
8,270 
9,220 



17,800 

20,200 

12,400 

6,780 

6,460 

1,230 

1,270 



6,310 

299 

3,530 

4,610 



80, 900 



NOXE. — These estimates include only the water passing to sea below all diversions. 



KAWAIKOI STREAM NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Kawaikoi Stream rises in Alakai Swamp, in the northern part of 
Waimea basin, and discharges into Poomau River about 3 miles below. 
It drains 5 or 6 square miles and has a gentle grade except near its 
mouth, where it drops about 1,300 feet in a short distance. 

A gage-height record was started by A. F. Knudsen, in April, 1909, 
at the ford only a short distance above the falls. In May, 1910, a sta- 
tion was established about 300 feet above the ford at 3,400 feet ele- 
vation, and the gage heights at the old gage were transferred to the 
new gage. A Friez register was installed for obtaining gage heights 
and a wire bridge was built for use in making high-water measure- 
ments. During the latter part of 1911 the Friez instrument was 
replaced by a Barrett & Lawrence hydro-chronograph in order to 
reduce the number of necessary visits from one a week to one a 
month. 

The range in stage from low water to extreme high water is about 
10 feet at the station. 



44 WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAH. 

Discharge measurements of Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, in 1909-1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 


Gage 


section. 


height. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 


69 


2.19 


14.0 


1.53 


70 


2.49 


57 


1.84 


80 


1.74 


18.3 


1.71 


86 


1.93 


127 


3.10 


99 


2.95 


3.75 


1.65 



Dis- 
charge. 



1909. 
Dec. 10 
12 

1910. 

Jan. 20 

May 23 

Nov. 13 

14 

1911. 

Apr. 22 
231 
Sept. 8 
Oct. 12 



W. F. Martin. 
do 



do 

Martin and Dodge. . 
Martin and Mendes. 
do 



W. F.Martin 

....do 

Hardy and Homer. 
W.V.Hardy 



Feet. 
27 
13.8 



41.5 

31.8 

70 

13.8 



29.5 

29.0 

25.0 

7.0 



Sec.-ft. 
49.4 
7.0 



84 
14.0 
10.4 
10.0 



13.2 
103 
81 
6.0 



a Measurement made from bridge. 
Note.— Measurements made by wading at various sections except as noted. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 

[F. B. Dodge, J. E. Mendes, and D. E. Homer, observers.) 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










2.42 
2.73 
2.20 
2.19 
1.99 

2.01 
1.90 
1.82 
1.79 
2.10 

2.05 
1.84 
1.82 
2.04 
1.82 

1.76 
1.75 
1.68 
1.63 
1.76 

1.66 
1.60 
1.56 
1.53 
1.52 

1.50 
1.49 
1.52 
1.60 
1.50 
1.46 

1.82 
1.78 


0.95 
1.43 
1.43 
1.53 
1.63 

1.49 
1.41 
1.40 
1.39 
1.40 

1.50 
1.52 
1.59 
1.50 
1.95 

1.60 
1.74 
1.55 
2.58 
2.01 

2.05 
1.91 
1.62 
2.49 
1.76 

1.60 
1.52 
2.01 
1.69 
2.25 

2.3 

2.8 
2.67 
2.05 
2.05 

1.9 

1.9 

2.49 

2.9 

2.3 


1.92 
1.85 
1.63 
1.53 

2.29 
2.25 
2.10 
1.62 
2.65 

2.10 
2.53 
2.06 
2.62 
2.07 

2.75 
2.08 
2.19 
2.33 
2.41 

2.11 
1.95 
1.80 
1.75 
1.76 

1.91 
2.38 
2.10 
2.41 
2.10 
1.92 

1.95 

1.85 

1.75 

2.4 

1.95 

1.8 
1.8 
1.75 
1.65 
1.65 


1.98 
1.84 
1.80 
1.66 
1.63 

1.59 
1.56 
1.56 
1.56 
1.53 

1.59 
1.53 
1.72 
1.95 
1.71 

1.59 
1.53 
1.74 
1.82 
1.79 

1.98 
2.39 
2.10 
2.49 
1.92 

1.78 
1.71 
1.75 
1.87 
1.87 
1.72 

1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
2.1 
2.5 

1.9 
1.6 
1.6 
1.55 
1.55 


1.68 
1.63 
1.56 
1.82 
1.94 

1.68 
1.82 
1.66 
1.94 
1.84 

1.64 
1.55 
1.52 
1.49 
1.63 

2.01 
1.75 
1.57 
1.57 
1.76 

1.59 
1.50 
1.64 
1.71 
1.57 

1.53 
1.50 
1.53 
1.75 
1.71 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

"2.'2" 
1.7 


1.57 
1.50 
1.50 
1.48 
1.43 

1.40 
1.37 
1.36 
1.33 
1.33 

1.31 
1.29 
1.63 
1.62 
2.48 

1.76 
1.55 
1.45 
1.52 
1.64 

1.62 
1.67 
2.47 
1.95 
3.02 

2.22 
1.82 
2.01 
1.79 
1.68 
2.44 

1.9 

1.85 
1.9 
1.8 
1.7 

1.8 
2.0 
2.6 
2.15 
2.0 


1.85 
1.88 
1.92 
1.80 

1.60 
1.56 
1.53 
1.49 
1.48 

1.44 
1.71 
2.34 
1.75 
1.71 

1.60 
1.52 
1.50 
1.44 
1.44 

1.43 
1.41 
1.40 
1.39 
1.39 

1.36 
1.40 
1.33 
1.31 
1.36 


1.56 


2 










1.53 


3 










1.59 


4 










1.79 


5 










2.70 


6 










1.76 


7 










1.62 


8 












9 










1.41 


10 




' 






2.24 


11 










1.69 


12 










1.55 


13 








1.75 
1.71 
1.71 

1.68 
1.66 
1.67 
1.68 
1.71 

1.84 
1.68 
1.64 
1.60 
1.59 

1.66 
1.88 
1.75 
1.66 
3.30 


1.44 


14 








1.38 


15 








1.38 


16 








1.38 


17 








1.41 


18 








1.63 


19 








2.38 


20 








2.18 


21 










22 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 








6.50 


28 










29 










30 










31 










1910. 
1 






1.62 




'2.'2"' 
2.0 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 
1.9 


1.75 


2 






1.75 


3 




1.94 
1.91 
1.90 

1.87 
1.82 
1.75 


"2.'53" 
2.22 

1.98 
1.80 
1.69 


3.80 
2.08 


1.8 


4 




1.8 


5 




1.75 


6 




1.85 
2.20 
2.02 
1.90 


2.39 

'2.' 62" 
2.22 


1.55 


7 




1.5 


8 


1.87 


1.55 


9 


1.5 


10 „ 


1.82 


3.38 




1.5 



ISLAND OP KAUAI. 45 

Daily gage hdght, in feet, of Kawaikoi Stream nearWaimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911 — Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


J 910. 
11 


1.92 
2.10 
3.28 
2.13 
1.99 

2.26 
3.10 
2.97 
2.25 
2.62 

3.20 


2.33 
2.06 
2.29 
2.25 
2.18 

2.02 
1.92 
1.87 
1.84 
1.82 

1.87 
1.82 
1.74 


1.59 

1.55 
1.50 
1.49 
1.80 


1.74 
1.71 
1.68 

1.62 
2.64 
1.94 
1.88 


"i.'82' 
1.76 
1.71 

1.92 
1.80 

"'2.'i6' 

1.95 
1.90 
1.84 
1.78 
1.74 

1.75 
1.75 
1.75 
2.55 
2.95 
2.3 

1.95 
-1.9 
1.95 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
1.9 

1.95 
1.95 
1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.95 

2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

1.95 

1.9 

1.9 

1.85 
1.85 

2.69 

3.7 

3.5 

3.1 

2.75 

2.40 


2.66 

3.0 

2.6 

2.59 

3.2 

2.3 

3.02 

2.7 

2.3 

2.55 

2.82 

2.4 

2.1 

2.37 

2.4 

2.63 

2.2 

2.0 

2.1 

2.1 

2.3 
2.2 

2.0 
2.0 
2.05 

2.0 

2.05 

2.1 

2.25 

2.2 

2.15 

2.05 

2.0 

2.0 

1.9 

1.8 

1.75 

1.75 

1.8 

1.9 

2.1 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
2.09 

2.3 
2.4 
1.9 
1.8 
2.0 


2.07 

2.1 

1.8 

1.92 

2.3 

2.1 

1.8 

1.8 

1.95 

1.9 

1.8 
1.7 
1.8 
2.1 
1.95 

1.75 

1.9 

1.75 

1.7 

1.6 

1.6 

1.85 
1.8 
1.7 
1.0 

1.85 

2.15 
1.9 

1.85 
1.75 
1.8 

2.0 

1.95 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.85 

2.2 

1.8 

1.75 

2.0 

1.95 

1.8 

2.15 

2.0 

1.75 

1.65 

1.8 

2.6 

1.9 

1.7 

1.65 


1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
2.68 

2.6 
1.9 
1.7 
1.6 
2.03 

1.85 

1.6 

1.7 

1.6 

1.55 

1.5 

1.6 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.6 

1.8 

1.65 

1.55 

1.5 

1.7 

1.65 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.65 

2.0 

1.65 

1.6 

1.55 

1.9 


1.5 

1.5 
1.85 
1.6 
1.7 

2.0 
1.8 
1.6 
1.5 
2.05 

2.2 
2.61 
3.2 
1.8 
2.0 

2.77 

2.7 

2.2 

1.9 

2.0 


1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.55 

1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.6 

1.75 

1.7 

1.7 

1.6 

1.55 
4.57 
3.5 
2.2 


1.9 
1.8 
1.8 
1.75 
1.7 

1.7 

1.7 

1.65 

1.6 

1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 

1.65 

1.7 

1.7 

1.7 


1.5 


12 


1.5 


13 


1.45 


14 


1.4 


15 


1.4 


16 


1.4 


17 




18 




19 




20 




21 


1.90 
2.06 
2.67 
2.60 
2.27 

1.95 


'"2.08" 
2.04 
4.61 
4.08 

2.41 




22 




23 






24 






25 




1.68 

1.64 
1.63 
1.60 




26 






27 






28 




1.99 
2.16 
L91 


1.97 
1.90 
1.85 




29 






30 








31 








1911. 
1 






2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

1.8 
1.85 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.85 

1.85 

1.95 
1.95 
1.95 
1.95 
1.95 

1.95 

2.0 

3.1 

3.15 

3.15 

3.15 

3.2 

3.2 

3.2 

4.35 

3.0 

2.5 

2.35 

2.3 

2.3 

2.3 


2.2 

2.15 

2.1 

2.1 

2.05 

1.95 

1.9 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 

1.95 

2.8 

2.95 

2.75 

2.5 

2.15 

2.15 

2.15 

2.1 


1.8 

1.6 

1.6 

1.55 

1.7 

1.6 

1.65 

2.44 

2.8 
2.4 

2.5 

2.1 

1.85 

1.75 

2.1 

1.85 
2.95 
- 2.7 
2.0 
1.95 

2.7 
2.5 
2.2 
4.3 
2.3 

2.6 
2.4 
2.4 
2.2 
1.9 


2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

1.95 

2.2 

1.95 
2.0 
1.95 
1.9 

1.8 

1:? 

1.65 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.75 

1.9 

1.75 

1.75 

2.5 

3.4 

2.4 

2.95 

2.8 

1.9 

"2.'7" 

2.15 

2.0 

2.0 


1.85 


2 






1.75 


3 






1.7 


4 






1.75 


5 






1.65 


6 






1.65 


7 


2.4 
2.4 
2.45 
2.45 

2.45 
2.45 
2.45 
2.48 


1.8 
1.85 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 


1.75 


8 


2.6 


9 


2.1 


10 


2.1 


11 


2 5 


12 


2.25 


13 


2 15 


14 


2.2 


15 • 


3.4 


16 






2.55 


17 






2.45 


18 




2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 

1.95 

1.95 

2.0 

2.0 

2.0 
2.0 


2.4 


19 




2.15 


20T 




2.0 


21 




1.8 


22, • 




1.75 


23 


"^ 


2 6 


24 




2.0 


25 




1 85 


26 




1 8 






1 75 


28 




2 82 


29 






3.0 


30 






1.85 


31 






1.95 











46 WATEE EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai for 1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










54 

88 
35 
34 
22 

23 
17 
13 
12 
28 

25 
14 
13 
24 
13 

11 

10 
8.0 
6.8 

11 

7.5 
6.0 
5.4 
4.6 
4.4 

4.0 
3.8 
4.4 
6.0 
4.0 
3.4 

13 
11 

021 
031 
041 

51 
037 

23 

37 
031 

o25 
al9 

13 

11 

8.8 

18 

12 
ol7 
022 

28 

20 
17 
14 
11 
9.9 

10 
10 
10 

67 
114 
43 


0.0 
3.0 
3.0 
4.6 
6.8 

3.8 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.5 

4.0 

4.4 
5.8 
4.0 
20 

6.0 
10 

5.0 
71 
23 

25 
18 
6.5 
61 
11 

6.0 
4.4 

23 
8.2 

39 

43 
96 
81 
25 
25 

17 
17 
61 
108 
43 

80 
120 

73 

72 
147 

43 
122 

84 
43 
68 

98 
52 
28 
49 
52 

76 
35 
22 
28 

28 


18 

14 
6.8 
4.6 
023 

42 
39 
28 
6.5 
68 

28 
65 
26 
75 
26 

90 
27 
34 
46 
53 

29 
20 
12 
10 
11 

18 
50 
28 
53 
28 
18 

20 
14 
10 
52 
20 

12 
12 
10 

7.2 
7.2 

26 
28 
12 
18 
43 

28 
12 
12 
20 

17 

12 

8.5 
12 
28 
20 

10 
17 
10 

8.5 
6.0 
6.0 


21 

14 

12 
7.5 
6.8 

5.8 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
4.6 

5.8 
4.6 
9.2 
20 

8.8 

5.8 
4.6 
9.9 

13 

12 

21 
51 
28 
61 
18 

11 

8.8 
10 
16 

7.8 
9.2 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

28 
62 

17 
6.0 
6.0 
5.0 
5.0 

5.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

82 

73 

17 
8.5 
6.0 

24 

14 
6.0 
8.5 
6.0 
5.0 
4.0 


8.0 
6.8 
5.2 

13 

19 

8.0 
13 

7.5 
19 
14 

7.0 
5.0 
4.4 
3.8 
6.8 

23 

10 
5.4 
5.4 

11 

5.8 
4.0 
7.0 

8.8 
5.4 

4.6 
4.0 
4.6 
10 

8.8 

4.0 

4.0 

4.0 

09.0 

ol4 

ol9 

o24 

o29 

35 

8.5 

4.0 
4.0 
14 
6.0 
8.5 

22 

12 
6.0 
4.0 

25 

35 
74 
147 
12 
22 

92 
84 
35 
17 
22 


5.4 
4.0 
4.0 
3.7 
3.0 

2.5 
2.2 
2.1 
1.8 
1.8 

1.6 
1.4 

6.8 
6.5 
60 

11 
5.0 
3.2 
4.4 
7.0 

6.5 

7.8 
59 
20 
123 

37 
13 
23 
12 
8.0 
56 

17 
14 
17 
12 
8.5 

12 
22 
73 
32 
22 

12 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
5.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

6.0 
10 
8.5 
8.5 
6.0 

5.0 
418 
192 
35 
6 62 
6 96 


14 
16 
18 
12 
09.0 

6.0 

5.2. 

4.6 

3.8 

3.7 

3.1 

8.8 
47 
10 

8.8 

6.0 
4.4 
4.0 
3.1 
3.1 

3.0 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 

2.1 
2.5 
1.8 
1.6 
2.1 

6 545 
6 280 
6 120 

35 

22 

28 
28 
28 
22 
17 

17 
12 
12 
10 

8.5 

8.5 
8.5 
7.2 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
7.2 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
....... 


2.1 


2 










4 6 


3 










5.8 


4 










12 


5 










84 


6 










11 


7 










6 5 


8 










04.6 


9 










2.6 


10 










38 


11 










8.2 


12 










5.0 


13 








10 

8.8 
8.8 

8.0 
7.5 
7.8 
8.0 

8.8 

14 

8.0 
7.0 
6.0 
5.8 

7.5 
16 
10 

7.5 
161 


3.1 


14 








2.3 


15 








2.3 


16 








2.3 


17 








2.6 


18 








6.8 


19 








50 


20 








34 


21 








67.0 


22 








67.0 


23 








67.0 


24 








6 200 


25 








6 200 


26 








6 200 


27 








cl,280 


28 








6 100 


29 








6 100 


30 








6 200 


31 








6 200 


1910. 
1 




619 
619 

19 

18 

17 

16 

13 

10 
O90 
173 

44 
26 
42 
39 
34 

23 
18 
16 
14 
13 

16 
13 

9.9 
O9.0 

8.0 

7.0 
6.8 
6.0 


6.5 
26 
46 

65 

37 

21 
12 
8.0 

08.7 
09.4 

olO 

all 

0I2 

12 

5.8 

5.0 
4.0 
3.8 
12 
014 

17 
26 
81 
73 
41 

20 

021 

22 

32 

18 
6 18 


645 
645 
243 
27 
20 

14 
35 
23 
17 
14 

10 

8.8 

8.0 

07.5 

07.0 

6.5 
77 
19 
16 
020 

o24 

27 

24 
430 
298 

53 
036 
20 
17 
14 


10 


2 




10 


3 




12 


4 




12 


5 




10 


6 




5.0 


7 




4.0 


8 


16 

a 14 

13 

18 
28 
158 
30 
22 

40 
133 
116 
39 
75 

147 
6 25 
625 
6 25 
6 25 

6 25 
625 
6 25 
6 25 
625 
6 25 


5.0 


9 


4.0 


10 


4.0 


11 


4.0 


12 


4.0 


13 


3.2 


14 


2.5 


15 


2.5 


16 


2.5 


17 




18 




19 




20 




21..^ 

22 




23 




24 




25 




26 




27 




28 




29 




30 




31 





o Discharge interpolated. 

6 Discharge estimated. 

e Discharge estimated with high-water mark as guide. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



47 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai for 1909-1911- 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 




012 
al2 
a 12 
ol2 
12 

ol2 
12 
14 
17 
17 

17 
17 
17 
17 
6 18 

6 19 

6 21 

22 

22 

22 

22 
20 
20 
22 
22 

22 
22 

6 22 


22 
22 
22 
12 
14 

12 
12 
12 
14 
14 

20 
20 
20 
20 
20 

20 
22 
133 
140 
140 

140 
147 
147 
147 
365 

120 
62 
48 
43 
43 
43 


35 
32 

28 
28 
25 

20 
17 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 

20 
96 
114 
90 

62 
32 
32 
32 
28 


20 

17 
20 
22 
22 

22 

17 
20 
20 
17 

17 
17 
17 
20 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

20 
17 
17 
14 
14 

83 
225 
192 
133 
90 
52 


43 
35 
22 
22 
25 

22 
25 
28 
39 
35 

32 
25 
22 
22 
17 

12 
10 
10 
12 
17 

28 
17 
17 
17 
27 

43 
52 
17 
12 
22 


14 

12 
8.5 
1.5 

14 

32 
17 
14 
10 
12 

22 
20 
17 
17 
17 

14 
35 
12 
10 
22 

20 
12 
32 
22 
10 

7.2 

12 

73 

17 
8.5 
7.2 


6.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 

5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 

4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
5.0 
6.0 

12 
7.2 
6.0 
4.0 
8.5 

7.2 
5.0 
5.0 
4.0 
4.0 

7.2 

22 
7.2 
6.0 
5.0 

17 


12 

6.0 
6.0 
5.0 
8.5 

6.0 
7.2 

56 

96 

52 

62 
28 
14 
10 
28 

14 
114 
84 
22 
20 

84 
62 
35 
350 
43 

73 
52 
52 
35 
17 


22 
17 
17 
20 
35 

20 
22 
20 
17 
12 

8.5 
8.5 
7.2 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
5.0 

5.0 
6.0 
5.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 


4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
5.0 

10 

17 

10 
10 
62 
176 
52 

114 
96 
17 

6 51 

6 68 
84 
32 
22 
22 


14 


2 . 




10 


3 




8 5 


4 




10 


5 




7.2 


6 




7 2 


7 


52 
52 
57 
57 

57 
57 
57 
60 


10 


8 


73 


9 


28 


10 


28 


11 


62 


12 


39 


13 


32 


14 


35 


15 


176 






68 


17 




57 






52 


19 




32 






22 






12 


22 




10 


23 




73 


24 




22 






14 






12 


27 




10 






99 


29 




22 




1 


14 


31 




20 




1 





a Discharge estimated. 6 Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— No record Jan. 1 to 7 and Dec. 17 to 31, 1910; also Jan. 1 to 6 and 16 to 31, 1911. 



Monthly discharge of Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai for 1909-1911. 




Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


1909. 
AprDlS^ 


161 

88 
71 
90 
61 
23 
23 
47 
1,280 


5.8 
3.4 
0.0 
4.6 
4.6 
3.8 
1.4 
1.6 
2.1 


17.2 
16.6 
12.9 
32.2 
13.6 

8.61 
16.2 

7.12 
90.0 


614 

1,020 

768 

1,980 

836 

512 

996 

424 

5,530 


B. 
B. 




B. 


July ^ 


C. 




B. 


September 


B. 


October 


B. 


November. , 


B. 


December 


D. 






The period 








12,700 














1910. 


158 
173 

81 
430 
114 
147 

62 

82 

147 

418 

546 

12 


13 
6.0 
3.8 
6.6 
8.8 

17 
6.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
6.0 
2.5 


45.8 
26.4 
22.6 
63.6 
25.7 
61.2 
16.7 
14.1 
26.5 
36.7 
43.0 
5.92 


2,180 
1,470 
1,380 
3,180 
1,580 
3,640 
1,030 

867 
1,580 
2,260 
2,560 

188 






C. 


March 


C. 


April 


c. 


May 


c. 




B. 


July 


B. 




B. 




C. 


October 


C. 


November 


C. 


December 1-16 


C. 






The period 6 


o645 


2.5 


32.2 


21,900 









I Estimated. 



6 For 343 days. 



48 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Kaioaikoi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911 — Contd. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



MaTJmnm. Minimum. Mean 



Run-oft 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1911. 

January 7-14 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

Thepcriodo 



60 

22 

365 

114 

225 

52 

73 

22 

350 

35 

176 

176 



52 

12 

12 

12 

14 

10 
1.5 
4.0 
5.0 
4.0 
4.0 
7.2 



56.1 
17.7 
65.0 
28.6 
40.5 
24.2 
17.5 
6.46 
48.5 
10.1 
31.0 
34.8 



4,000 
1,700 
2,490 
1,440 
1,080 

397 
2,890 

621 
1,840 
2,140 



365 



1.5 



28.9 



20,500 



a For 342 days. 
WAIAKOALI STREAM NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Waiakoali Stream drains an area comprising 2 or 3 square miles 
just south of the Kawaikoi and joins the latter in the gorge below the 
falls. 

A gage was installed in April, 1909, under the direction of A. F. 
Knudsen, and readings were made in connection with the record on 
Kawaikoi Stream. In May, 1910, the old gage was replaced by a 
new one at the ford a few hundred feet above, and the readings on 
the old gage were transferred to the new. A wooden bridge was also 
built for use in making highwater measurements. Since the summer 
of 1910 only occasional gage readings have been made. This station 
is near the permanent camp house which has been built in the upper 
Waimea basin. 

Discharge measurements of Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, Kauai, in 1909-1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1909. 
Dec. 10 

1910. 
Nov. 13 

1911. 

Apr. 22 

23 

Sept. 8« 

Oct. 13« 



W^ F.Martin. 



Martin and Mendes. 



W. F.Martin 

do 

Hardy and Homer . 
W. V.Ha»dy 



Feet. 
3.2 



10.1 



12.5 

18.0 

2.0 

1.7 



Sq.ft. 
1.18 



11.4 



0.86 
0.53 



Feet. 
1.78 



2.20 



2.44 
3.15 
2.23 
2.24 



See.-ft. 
1.44 



4.10 



6.4 
31.2 
I.IS 
0.71 



a Gage height probably afiected by growth of grass and weeds in channel below gage. 
Note.— Measurements made by wading at various sectiona. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



49 



Daily gage height, infect, of Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 
[F. B. Dodge, J. E. Mendes, and D. E. Homer, observers.] 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jtme. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










2.35 

2.8 

2.2 

2.1 

2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

1.85 

1.8 

1.9 

2.0 
1.85 
1.9 
1.7 

1.8 

1.75 

1.75 

1.8 

1.7 

1.75 

1.6 

1.7 

1.65 

1.65 

1.65 

1.65 

1.65 

1.65 

1.6 

1.6 

1.6 

2.3 
2.15 


1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1. .55 
1.5 
1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.6 

1.85 

1.7 
1.8 
1.6 
1.6 
1.85 

1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.7 

1.65 


1.75 
1.7 
1.6 
1.55 

1.9 

2.15 

1.85 

2.15 

1.95 

1.9 
2.4 
2.0 
1.9 
2.0 

1.9 

1.95 

1.95 

2.1 

2.25 

2.05 

1.8 

1.7 

1.65 

1.65 

1.8 

2.15 

1.9 

1.75 

1.9 

1.75 


1.85 

1.75 

1.8 

1.65 

1.6 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.75 

1.7 

1.6 

1.55 
1.55 
1.6 
1.6 

1.75 

2.25 

2.1 

2.3 

1.9 

1.7 

1.65 

1.6 

1.65 

1.65 

1.65 


1.65 

1.7 

1.6 

1.65 

1.65 

1.65 
1.6 
1.6 
1.75 
1.85 

1.7 

1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.6 

2.05 

1.75 

1.7 

1.7 

1.6 

1.65 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.7 

1.75 


1.7 

1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

2.3 

1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.6 

2.15 

1.7 

1.7 

1.95 

2.8 

1.5 
1.9 

2.2 
1.9 
1.8 
1.9 

2.0 
2.0 


1.95 
1.85 
1.95 
1.8 

1.65 
1.6 
1.6 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 

1.6 

2.25 

1.8 

1.7 

1.65 

1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.55 
1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.45 

1.5 


1.5 


2 










1.65 


3 










1.8 


4 










1.95 


5 










3.1 


6 










2.0 


7 










1.9 


8 












9 










1.7 


10 










1.75 


11 










1.9 


12 










1.75 


13 








1.95 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.85 

1.85 

1.9 

2.0 

2.0 
1.9 

1.85 

1.8 

1.8 

1.9 

2.15 

1.9 

1.8 

2.4 


1.7 


14 








1.65 


15 








1.6 


16.., 








1.6 










1.65 


18 








1.65 










2.85 


20 








2.3 


21 




















23 










24 










25 










26 


















5.0 


28 




















30 




















1910. 
1 . . 






1.95 








2 












1.95 






3 




2.2 
2.2 
2.15 

2.1 

2.05 

2.05 


"'2.75' 


3.2 
1.55 


















2.2 












2.25 


5 
















6 




2.15 
2.05 
2.0 


2.15 
2.2 
2.2 
2.15 














2.3 






















8 


2.05 


2.3 










2.3 
2.2 














2.65 




1.95 


10 


2.0 

2.05 

2.05 

2.15 

2.4 

2.2 

2.45 

3.3 

3.25 

2.6 

2.7 

3.2 


2.4 

2.4 

2.45 

2.6 

2.55 

2.45 

2.35 

2.2 

2.15 

2.1 

2.1 

2.05 
2.05 
2.0 














11.: 


"i.'g"' 

1.9 

1.85 
1.85 
1.85 
1.85 


2.0 
1.65 
1.95 

1.95 
2.85 
2.2 
2.1 




2.2 






2.6 








12 












13 


2.15 

2.1 

2.1 

2.15 
2.15 


2.6 






2.85 




2.2 
2.2 








1.85 
1.95 




15 




2.6 


2.6 


2.0 




16 






17 


2.25 
2.7 


2.05 
2.05 


1.95 
1.95 
1.95 
2.0 


2.7 


1.95 






18 


2.15 
2.1 












20 


1.55 

2.35 

2.3 

2.2 

2.15 

2.15 

2.15 

2.1 

2.1 












21 


1.85 
1.95 
2.65 
2.6 
2.3 

2.1 


i'i" 
2.3 

3.7 
4.9 

2.75 








1.95 
1.95 






22 








2.45 

2.4 

2.1 






23 








2.5 






24 










2.1 




25 




2.0 

1.95 
1.95 
1.95 


2.35 








26 
















27 








2.05 











28 




2.1 
2.2 
2.05 


2.3 
2.2 

2.15 


2.1 
2.1 












29 










2.4 






30 
















31 























74323°— wsp 318—13- 



60 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Waiakoali Stream near Waimca, Kauai, for 1909-1911 — Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 








2.7 






2.4 
2.4 




2.2 
2.25 








2 










2.55 
2.5 








3 






2.5 












4 












2.25 
2.3 










5 










2.45 
2.45 














6 


2.8 
















7 






2.5 




2.4 
2.4 












8 














2.25 
2.4 








9 












2.55 
2.0 








10 






2.5 
















11 












2.25 
2.25 










12 










2.5 
2.5 








2.25 
2.25 
2.2 






13 


2.85 
















14 






2.45 




2.3 
2.4 










15 














2.25 
2.3 






16 












2.4 
2.4 








17 























18 




2.6 


2.6 








2.2 
2.2 










19 






2.5 
2.5 














20 






















21 








2.4 

2.45 

3.2 




2.35 
2.35 












22 














2.5 
2.5 








23 










2.4 
2.4 








24 


















25 




2.3 


2.7 








2.2 
2.2 










26 






2.55 
3.4 














27 






















28 








2.6 
2.55 




2.7 
2.5 












29 














2.45 
2.4 

















































Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waiakoali Streamnear Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










5.4 
16 
4.0 
3.2 
2.5 

2.0 
2.0 
1.8 
1.5 
2.0 

2.5 
1.8 
2.0 
1.1 
1.5 

1.3 
1.3 
1.5 
1.1 
1.3 

0.8 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

.8 
.8 
.8 


0.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.5 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.8 
1.8 

1.1 
1.5 
.8 

.8 
1.8 

.8 

.6 

.6 

1.1 

1.0 


1.3 

1.1 

.8 

.6 

01.3 

2.0 
3.6 
1.8 
3.6 
2.2 

2.0 
6.0 
2.5 
2.0 
2.5 

2.0 
2.2 
2.2 
3.2 
4.4 

2.8 
1.5 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 

1.5 
3.6 
2.0 
1.3 
2.0 
1.3 


1.8 
1.3 
1.5 
1.0 
.8 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.5 

.5 

.5 

.6 

1.3 

1.1 

.8 
.6 
.6 
.8 
.8 

1.3 
4.4 
3.2 
4.9 
2.0 

1.1 
1.0 
.8 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 


1.0 
1.1 
.8 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 

.8 

.8 

1.3 

1.8 

1.1 
.8 
.6 
.6 

.8 

2.8 

1.3 

1.1 

1.1 

.8 

1.0 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.6 

.6 

.6 

1.1 

1.3 


1.1 
.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 

:i 

.6 
4.9 

.8 
.8 
.5 
.5 
.8 

3.6 
1.1 
1.1 
2.2 
16 

.5 
2.0 
4.0 
2.0 
1.5 
2.0 


2.2 
1.8 
2.2 
1.5 
al.2 

1.0 
.8 
.8 
.6 
.6 

.6 

.8 

4.4 

1.5 

1.1 

1.0 
.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.6 
.6 

.5 
.6 
.5 
.4 
.5 


0.5 


2 :... 










1.0 


3 










1.5 


4 










2.2 


5 










29 


6 










2.5 


7 ;. 










2.0 


8 










ol.6 


9 










1.1 


10 










1.3 


11 










2.0 


12 










1.3 


13 








2.2 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
1.8 
1.8 
2.0 
2.5 

2.5 
2.0 
1.8 
1.5 
1.5 

2.0 
3.6 
2.0 
1.5 
6.0 


1.1 


14 








1.0 


15 








.8 


16 








.8 


17 








1.0 


18 








1.0 


19 








18 


20 








4.9 


21 








6 2.0 


22 








6 2.0 


23 








6 2.0 


24 








6 50 


25 








6 50 


26 








6 50 


27 








c260 


28 








6 25 


29 








6 25 


30 








6 50 


31 








6 50 



o Discharge interpolated. 

6 Discharge estimated. 

f Discharge estimated with high-water mark as guide, 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



51 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911^ 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




o4.0 

o4.0 

4.0 

4.0 

3.6 

3.2 
2.8 
2.8 
a 4. 4 
6.0 

6.0 
6.8 
10 
8.8 
6.8 

5.4 
4.0 
3.6 
3.2 
2.2 

2.8 
2.8 
2.5 
a 2. 5 
2.5 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 


2.2 
o6.2 
olO 
14 
08.8 

3.6 

2.8 

2.5 

a2.5 

a2.5 

a 2. 2 

o2.0 

o2.0 

2.0 

2.0 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
01.8 

1.8 
2.2 

12 

10 
4.9 

3.2 
a 3. 2 
3.2 
4.0 
2.8 
olO 


ol8 
a 2.7 
34 

.6 
a 2. 4 

3.6 
4.0 
4.0 
3.6 
aS.O 

2.5 

1.0 

2.2 

02.2 

2.2 

2.2 

18 
4.0 
3.2 

3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
4.9 

75 
243 

14 

o9.4 
4.9 
4.0 
3.6 

13 


4.9 

3.6 

03.8 

O4.0 

4.2 

o4.4 
o4.8 
4.9 
4.7 
o4.4 

04.1 

o3.8 

3.6 

3.2 

3.2 

3.6 

3.6 

o2.6 

al.6 

.6 

5.4 
4.9 
4.0 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 

3.2 

3.2 

o3.3 

o3.4 

3.5 










2.5 
2.5 






2 










2.2 






3 














4 




4.0 












4 4 


5 
















6 














4.9 




7 
















8 


2.8 

2.6 

2.5 

2.8 
2.8 
3.6 
6.0 
4.0 

6.8 
40 
37 
10 
13 

34 
66 
66 
66 
66 

56 
66 
66 
66 
66 
66 










4.9 
4.0 






9 








12 




2.2 


10 










11 


4.0 






10 








12 












13 


10 






18 




4.0 
4.0 




14 




1.8 
2.2 








2.5 


10 


2.5 










17 


4.4 
13 


2.8 
2.8 


2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.5 


13 


2.2 








3.6 
3.2 




19 




























2.2 
2.2 






22 








6.8 
6.0 
3.2 






23 






7.7 






24 








3.2 






5.4 






















27 






2.8 












3.2 
3.2 












29 








6.0 


















31 
















1911. 
1 .. . 




3.8 
3.5 




1.0 
1.2 








2 










6.2 
5.5 














7.7 












4 












1.8 
2.2 




















6.5 
6.5 
















16 






• 














7 






7.7 




3.5 
3.5 


























1.2 
1.9 








9 












6.2 
1.8 














7.7 
















11, 












1.7 

1.7 










12 










7.3 
6.7 








0.8 
.8 
.6 








18 
















14 






6.8 




2.5 
3.2 
























1.2 
1.5 


















4.2 
4.2 








17 


























10 


10 








1.4 
1.4 










19 






6.7 
6.7 




































21 








6.0 
6.8 
34 




2.8 
2.6 












22 














2.3 
2.3 








23 











3.8 
3.8 








24 






















4.9 


13 








1.2 
1.2 
















7.0 
18 














27 






























10 

8.8 




5.6 
3.6 












29 














1.8 
1.6 








30 


6.0 
















31 

















































a Discharge Interpolated. 



6 Discharge estimated. 



Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined below 40 second-feet. 
No record for the days on which discharge is omitted. 



52 WATEE KESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

Monthly discharge oj Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, Kauai for 1909-10. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 



Run-oflE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



April 13-30. 

May 

June , 

July 

August 

September.. 

October 

November. . 
December. . 



1909. 



6.0 

16 
1.8 
6.0 
4.9 
2.8 

16 
4.4 
(1260 



2.26 
2.13 
.79 
2.14 
1.25 
1.00 
1.70 
1.00 
20.6 



80.7 
131 

47. 
132 

76.9 

59.5 
105 

59.5 
1,270 



The period. 



1,960 



January 8-31. 

February 

March 

April 

May 



40 
10 
14 
243 
5.4 



2.5 

2.2 

1.8 

.6 



9.50 
4.15 
4.25 
16.9 
3.72 



452 
230 
261 
1,010 
229 



o Estimated. 
Note. — After May, 1910, the data were insuiBcient for an estimate. 

MOHIHI STEEAM NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Mohihi Stream drains about 3 square miles just south of Waiakoali 
basin and north of Koaie basin. It is tributary to Poomau River 
about half a mile below the junction of Kawaikoi and Kauaikanana 
streams. The lower part of its course lies in a deep canyon, which 
extends back nearly a mile from its mouth. 

A gage was placed at the lower crossing just above the falls in April, 
1909, by A. F. Knudsen, and was read daily during the rest of the 
year. In the summer of 1910 a wire bridge was built for use in 
making high- water measurements. This station is southeast of the 
camp, and only occasional gage-height observations have been made 
since the summer of 1910. The elevation of the station is about 
3,400 feet. 

Discharge measurements of Mohihi Stream near Waimea, Kavm, in 1909-1911. 



Date. 



1909. 
Dec. 10 
Do... 



1910. 
May 22 
Nov. 13 
Do.. 



1911. 
Apr. 22 
Sept. 8 
Oct. 13 



Hydrographer. 



W. F. Martin. 
do 



Martin and Dodge . . 
Martin and Mendes. 
do 



W. F. Martin 

Hardv and Horner . 
W.V.Hardy 



Width. 



Feet. 
2.85 
2.85 



7.3 

29.0 

7.2 



20.3 
6.8 
3.7 



Area of 
action. 



Sq.ft. 
3.81 
3.81 



4.78 
60 
4.30 



11.6 
2.27 
1.52 



Gage 
height. 



Feet. 
3.70 
3.70 



3.83 
3.81 
3.81 



4.04 
3.68 
3.70 



Dis- 
charge. 



Sec.-ft. 
3.19 
2.76 



5.1 

3.75 

3.74 



9.2 
1.55 
1.69 



Note. — Measurements made by wading at various sections. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



53 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Mohihi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 
[F. B. Dodge, J. E. Mendes, and D. E. Horner, observers.) 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










4.44 
4.69 
4.17 
4.04 
3.98 

3.94 
3.90 
3.90 
3.88 
3.96 

4.08 
3.94 
3.90 
3.88 
3.88 

3.88 
3.88 
3.85 
3.83 
3.81 

3.81 
3.79 
3.79 
3.77 
3.77 

3.77 
3.77 
3.77 
3.79 
3.77 
3.77 

3.88 
..3.85 


3.75 
3.75 
3.75 
3.75 
3.75 

3.69 
3.69 
3.69 
3.69 
3.69 

3.69 
3.71 
3.71 
3.71 
3.71 

3.71 
3.71 
3.73 
3.77 
4.02 

3.90 
3.96 
3.83 
3.79 
3.88 

3.79 
3.75 
3.75 
3.83 
3.79 


3.90 
3.85 
3.88 
3.83 

3.96 
4.17 
3.92 
4.27 
3.94 

3.96 
4.25 
4.02 
3.96 
4.08 

3.94 
3.98 
4.00 
4.14 
4.19 

4.10 
3.88 
3.83 
3.79 
3.79 

3.92 
4.42 
4.08 
4.29 
4.00 
3.88 


3.88 
3.85 
3.85 
3.81 
3.77 

3.75 
3.73 
3.73 
3.73 
3.71 

3.71 
3.71 
3.73 
3.94 
3.85 

3.88 
3.75 
3.79 
3.79 
3.81 

3.85 
4.33 
4.19 
4.27 
3.98 

3.83 
3.75 
3.75 
3.79 
3.79 
3.81 


3.79 
3.83 
3.75 
3.85 
3.85 

3.83 
3.73 
3.73 
3.83 
3.88 

3.79 
3.75 
3.73 
3.66 
3.75 

4.04 
3.85 
3.79 
3.71 
3.75 

3.73 
3.73 
3.71 
3.73 
3.73 

3.69 
3.69 
3.71 
3.79 
3.88 


3.79 
3.77 
3.71 
3.71 
3.71 

3.66 
3.66 
3.66 
3.64 
3.64 

3.62 
3.62 
3.62 
3.64 
3.69 

3.85 
3.73 
3.69 
3.67 
3.75 

4.02 
3.79 
3.83 
3.98 
4.08 

4.21 
3.94 
4.29 
3.94 
3.83 
3.90 


3.96 
3.85 
3.92 
3.85 

3.75 
3.69 
3.69 
3.67 
3.67 

3.65 
3.71 
4.15 
3.83 
3.75 

3.73 
3.69 
3.67 
3.65 
3.65 

3.62 
3.62 
3.67 
3.60 
3.54 

3.68 
3.58 
3.60 
3.60 
3.60 


3 60 


2 










3 71 


3 










3 75 


4 










3 93 


5 










4.67 


6 










3.90 


7 










3 79 


8 












9 










3 69 


10 










3.71 


11 










3.62 


12 










3.75 


13 








3.85 
3.85 
3.83 

3.83 
3.83 
3.85 
3.88 
3.92 

4.02 
3.90 
3.88 
3.88 
3.85 

3.85 
4.17 
3.96 
3.90 
4.38 


3.69 


14 








3.67 


15 








3.65 


16 








3.65 


17 








3.65 


18 








3.65 


19 








4.35 


20 








4.04 


21 










22 










23 










24 










25 










26 










27 








7.90 


28 










29 










30 










31 










1910. 
1 






3.79 








2 
















5.00 




3 




4.00 
3.98 
3.96 

3.94 
3.92 

3.88 


"i'so" 


4.66 
















4 




















5 




















3.85 


6 




4.04 
3.96 
3.85 


3.90 
3.96 
3.94 
3.92 


















7 








3.80 












8 


3.94 


3.98 














9 






3.72 










10 


3.88 

3.92 
4.11 
5.12 
4.25 
4.08 

4.27 
4.71 
4.96 
4.38 
4.52 

5.00 


4.38 

4.17 
4.12 
4.25 
4.17 
4.15 

4.10 
3.94 
3.92 

3.88 
3.85 

3.85 
3.85 
3.83 


















11*. 


"3." 79" 
3.75 

3.75 
3.75 
3.75 
3.73 


3.81 
3.79 
3.79 

3.75 
4.31 
4.02 
3.94 


















12 


















13 


3.85 
3.81 
3.79 

3.85 
3.83 






3.68 






3.81 




14 












15 






3.65 










16 








3.70 






17 














18 
















19 














3.75 




20 
















2] 


3.75 
3.79 
4.44 
4.40 
4.08 

3.92 








3.75 






3.74 






22 


3.90 
4.02 


3.85 












23 


















24 




3.79 






3.73 










25 




3.83 

3.81 
3.79 
3.79 


J 








3.72 




26 




4.35 








3.92 








27 






3.92 












28 




3.96 
4.10 
3.90 


3.96 


3.75 














29 


















30 






3.88 












3.92 






31 





















54 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Mohihi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1. .. . 








4.60 






3.84 
3.86 




3.68 








2 


















3 












4.40 












4 






4.20 








3.70 










5 








3.90 














6 


4.05 






















7 






3.98 






3.82 












8 














3.68 








9 












4.02 












10 






4.80 


















11 














3.70 










12 










3.94 














13 


4.10 
















3.70 






14 






3.92 






3.72 










15 














3.71 








16 












3.90 












17 




4.12 


4.40 


















18 












3.68 










19 










4.00 














20 
























21 














3.79 












22 








4.04 








3.96 
4.10 








23 










3.88 












24 






















25 




4.12 


4.44 










3.68 










26 






4.30 
4.78 














27 
























28 








4.10 




4.20 












29 














3.84 








30 
























31 


3.86 

















































Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mohihi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










26 

42 

12 
9.6 
8.2 

7.0 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 
7.0 

11 

7.0 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 

5.8 
5.8 
4.8 
4.8 
3.8 

3.8 
♦ 3.8 
3.8 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.8 
3.0 
3.0 


3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
3.0 
3.0 
8.2 

5.8 
7.0 
4.8 
3.8 
5.8 

3.8 
3.0 
3.0 
4.8 
3.8 


5.8 
4.8 
5.8 
4.8 
05.9 

7.0 
12 

5.8 
16 

7.0 

7.0 

16 
8.2 
7.0 

11 

7.0 
8.2 
8.2 

12 

14 

11 

5.8 
4.8 
3.8 
3.8 

5.8 
23 
11 

18 
8.2 
5.8 


5.8 
4.8 
4.8 
3.8 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
3.0 
7.0 
4.8 

5.8 
3.0 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

4.8 
20 
14 
16 

8.2 

4.8 
3.0 
3.0 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 


3.8 
4.8 
3.0 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
3.0 
3.0 
4.8 
5.8 

3.8 
3.0 
3.0 
1.6 
3.0 

9.6 
4.8 
3.8 
2.3 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
2.3 
3.0 
3.0 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
3.8 
5.8 


3.8 
3.0 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.6 
2.3 

4.8 
3.0 
2.3 
1.6 
3.0 

8.2 
3.8 
4.8 
8.2 
11 

14 
7.0 

18 
7.0 
4.8 
5.8 


7.0 
4.8 
5.8 
4.8 
a3.9 

3.0 
2.3 
2.3 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
2.3 
12 

4.8 
3.0 

3.0 
2.3 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.0 
1.0 
1.6 
1.0 
.6 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 


1.0 


2 










2.3 


3 










3.0 


4 










7.0 


5 










38 


6 










5.8 


7 










3.8 


8 










3.0 


9 










2.3 


10 










2.3 


11 










1.0 


12 










3.0 


13 








4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
5.8 
5.8 

8.2 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 
4.8 

4.8 

12 
7.0 
5.8 

23 


2.3 


14 








1.6 


15 








1.6 


16 








1.6 


17 








1.6 


18 








1.6 


19 








20 


20 








9.6 


21 








6 5.0 


22 








6 5.0 


23 








b 5.0 


24 








6100 


25 








6100 


26 








6100 


27 








<:230 


28 








6 50 


29 








6 50 


30 








6100 


31 








6100 



o Discharge interpolated. 

6 Discharge estimated. 

c Discharge estimated with high-water mark as guide. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



55 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Mohihi Stream, near Waiinea, Kauai, for 1909-1911 — 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




O8.0 

o8.0 

8.2 

8.2 

7.0 

7.0 
5.8 
5.8 
6 14 
23 

12 
11 
16 
12 
12 

11 

7.0 
5.8 
5.8 

4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
o4.8 
4.8 

3.8 
3.8 
3.8 




3.8 

6 12 

6 21 

29 

6 20 

9.6 

7.0 

4.8 

6 4.7 

6 4.5 

6 4.3 

6 4.1 

6 3.9 

3.8 

3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
6 3.0 

3.0 
3.8 

26 

23 

11 

5.8 
6 6.4 
7.0 
11 
5.8 
6 14 


6 22 
6 30 
38 
6 27 
6 17 

5.8 
7.0 
7.0 
5.8 
6 4.8 

3.8 

3.8 

3.8 

6 3.5 

6 3.2 

3.0 
18 
8.2 
7.0 
6 6.6 

6 6.2 
5.8 
8.2 

6 12 

6 16 

20 
6 14 

7.0 

6 6.4 

5.8 

35 


5.8 

4.8 

6 5.4 

6 6.0 

6 6.6 

6 7.2 
6 7.6 
8.2 
6 7.5 
6 6.9 

6 6.2 
6 5.5 
















2 














c67 




3 
















4 


















6 
















4.8 


6 


















7 






3.8 












8 


7.0 

6 6.4 

5.8 

5.8 
11 
77 
16 
11 

16 
42 
62 
23 
29 

67 
olO 
a 10 
olO 
olO 

olO 

a 10 
a 10 
a 10 
OlO 
OlO 












9 






2.3 










10 














11 
















12 
















13 


4.8 
3.8 
3.8 

4.8 

4.8 

6 4.8 

6 4.8 

6 4.8 

6 4.8 
4.8 

6 4.3 
3.8 

6 3.6 

6 3.4 
6 3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
O3.0 
03.0 






2.3 






3.8 




14 


















1.6 


















2.3 






17 














18 
















19 












3.0 




20 














21 




3.0 






3.0 






22 










23 
















24 






3.0 










25 










2.3 




26 






5.8 








27 


5.8 












28 














29 
















30 










5.8 






31 














1911. 
1 




4.8 
4.8 




2.3 








2 






























23 












4 






14 








2.3 










5 








5.8 














6 


9.6 






















7 






8.2 






3.8 


























2.3 








9 












8.2 












10 






50 


















11, 














2.3 










12 




:::::::::;::: 




7.0 














13 


11 
















2.3 






14 






5.8 






2.3 










15 














2.3 








16 












5.8 












17 




11 


23 


















18 












2.3 










19 










8.2 






































21 














3.8 












22 








9.6 








7.0 
11 


















5.8 












24 


























11 


26 










2.3 










26 






18 
50 














27 
























28 








11 




14 












29 














4.8 
































31 


4.8 

















































a Discharge estimated. 

6 Discharge interpolated. 

c Discharge estimated with high -water marls: as guide. 

Note. — Daily diacharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined below 12 second-feet. 
record for days on which discharge is omitted. 



No 



56 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 

Monthly discharge of Mohihi Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1909-10. 



Month. 



April 13-30 . 

May 

June 

July 

August 

Septembei-. . 

October 

November. . 
December . . 



1909. 



The period . 



January 8-31. 

February 

March 

April 






ay. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



23 
42 

8.2 
23 
20 

9.6 
18 
12 
o230 



77 
23 
29 
38 

8.2 



4.8 
3.0 
2.3 
3.8 
2.3 
1.6 
1.0 
.6 
1.0 



5.8 
3.8 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 



6.86 
7.28 
3.41 
8.85 
5.20 
3.71 
4.38 
2.70 
30.9 



20.0 
8.14 
8.61 

10.9 
4.97 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



245 
448 
203 
544 
320 
221 
269 
161 
1,900 



4,810 



952 
452 
529 
649 
306 



Accu- 
racy. 



a Estimated. 
Note.— After May, 1910, the data were insufficient for an estimate. 

WAIALAE STREAM NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

The Waialae basin lies south of the Koaie basin, which separates it 
from the Mohihi basin on the north. It is 9 or 10 miles long and 
reaches almost to the top of Waialeale. Its width ranges from 
less than 1 mile in the upper part to 2 miles near its mouth. The 
Waialae basin differs from the Koaie basin in being longer but nar- 
rower and not so deep except near its mouth. The stream bed is 
above 3,000 feet for the greater part of its course, whereas the Koaie 
runs through a long deep canyon which reaches well back toward its 
source. 

A station was established on Waialae Stream August 1, 1910, at 
3,500 feet elevation. It is about 3 miles by trail north of Gay's 
mountain hoase and a few hundred feet above the first traii crossing. 
A Barrett & Lawrence 34-day hj'-dro-chronograph is used for obtain- 
ing gage heights and a cable mth car is used for making high-water 
measurements. The width of channel at low wat3r is about 40 feet, 
and the extreme range of stage is about 5 feet. 



Discharge measurements of Waialae Stream near 


Waimea, Kauai, in 


1910-11. 


Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Sept. 8 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
5.1 
37.0 
13.9 

37.0 

15.4 

24 

24 
4.3 
4.2 


Sq.ft. 
3.69 
90 
24.6 

107 
23.0 
16.6 
11.7 
3.66 
3.81 


Feet. 
1.02 
1.21 
1.21 

1.53 
1.32 
1.34 
1.18 
1.08 
1.12 


Sec.-ft. 
4.19 


Nov. 10 




7.9 


Do 


. . do 


10.0 


1911. 
Apr. 25 
26 


W. F. Martin 


28.6 


do 


14.6 


Sept. 12 
13 




14.6 


W.V.Hardy 


7.8 


Oct. 16 


do 


3.90 


Dec. 5 


do 


4.20 









Note. — Measurements made by wading at various sections. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



57 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waialae Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 
[D. Fraser, J. E. Mendes, and D. E. Horner, observers.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


1.05 
1.05 
1.05 
1.20 
1.50 

1.30 
1.20 
1.12 
1.08 
1.06 

1.05 
1.03 
1.02 
1.01 
1.01 


1.05 
1.03 
1.02 
1.02 
1.02 

1.02 
1.01 
1.01 
1.16 
1.22 

1.10 
1.05 
1.06 
1.10 
1.11 


1.16 
1.16 
1.15 
1.16 
1.17 

1.18 
1.17 
1.42 
1.40 
1.36 

1.22 
1.36 
1.38 
1.30 
1.18 


1.00 
1.00 
1.02 
1.04 
1.06 

1.08 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.25 

1.50 
1.30 
1.22 
1.20 
1.20 


1.50 
1.50 
1.45 
1.32 
1.20 

1.20 
1.25 
1.24 
1.20 
1.16 

1.10 
1.08 
1.06 
1.04 
1.03 


1910. 
16 


1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.40 
1.20 
1.02 
1.02 


1.15 
1.14 
1.09 
1.04 
1.04 

1.03 
1.02 
1.10 
1.12 
1.13 

1.12 
1.30 
1.21 
1.18 
1.12 


1.12 
1.10 
1.02 
1.01 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.20 
1.20 
1.09 

1.03 
1.43 
1.50 
1.32 


1.20 
1.18 
1.18 
1.20 
1.20 

1.20 
1.20 
1.20 
1.20 
1.22 

1.20 
1.18 
1.15 
1.22 
1.40 


1.03 


2 


17 


1.04 


3 


18 


1.03 


4 


19 


1.02 


5 


20 


1.01 


6 


21 


1.01 


7 


22 


1.01 


8 


23 


1.30 


9 


24 


1.52 


10 


25 


1.52 


11 


26 




1.52 


12 


27 




1.56 


13 


28 




1 38 


14 


29 




1.40 


15 


30 




1.50 




31 




1.30 
















Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 






1.45 
1.44 
1.42 
1.42 
1.40 

1.40 




1.26 
1.26 
1.26 
1.28 
1.24 

1.24 
1.23 
1.22 
1.52 
1.40 

1.22 
1.20 
1.30 
















2 






















3 






















4 


1.50 
1.50 

1.50 
1.52 
1.52 
1.50 
1.60 

1.50 
1.45 
1.44 
1.30 
1.40 

1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.45 
1.40 

1.38 
1.42 
1.52 
1.50 
1.40 

1.40 


1.50 
1.60 

1.60 
1.60 
1.60 
1.60 
1.60 

1.60 
1.54 
1.45 
1.42 
1.40 

1.38 
1.34 
1.32 
1.28 
1.30 

1.30 
1.40 
1.65 
1.55 
1.15 

1.70 
1.65 
1.55 
















1 16 


















1 10 


















1 35 


7 
















1.25 


8 


















1 90 


9 


















1.85 


10 






1.50 












1.45 


















1 65 


12 












1.30 
1.18 
1.18 
1.35 

1.32 
1.50 
1.50 
1.40 
1.30 

1.65 
1.55 
1.50 






1 50 


13 
















1.40 


14 
















1 40 


15 
















1.94 


2 20 


16 














1.08 


1.80 


17 














1 50 


18 


















1 40 


19 


















1.38 


20 


















1 36 




















1 35 


22 














1.60 


23 


















1 50 


24 






1.26 












1 22 


25 


















1.21 


26 




1.36 
1.38 
1.35 
1.32 
1.30 
















1.17 


27 




. 1.60 












1.12 


28 














1.14 


29 


















1.50 


30 




















1.20 


1.35 


31 




















1.16 





























58 WATEE EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waialae Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


No 7. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
8.0 
26 

13 
8.0 
5.1 
4.3 
4.1 

4.0 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 


4.0 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
6.4 
9.0 

4.7 
4.0 
4.1 
4.7 
4.9 


6.4 
6.4 
6.0 
6.4 
6.8 

7.2 
6.8 

21 

19 

17 

9.0 

17 
18 
13 
7.2 


3.6 
3.6 
3.7 
3.9 
4.1 

4.3 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
10 

26 

13 
9.0 
8.0 
8.0 


26 
26 
23 
14 
8.0 

8.0 

10 

10 
8.0 
6.4 

4.7 
4.3 
4.1 
3.9 
3.8 


1910. 
16 




3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

19 
8.0 
3.7 
3.7 

03.7 

a3.8 
a3.8 
a3.9 
03.9 
a3.9 
a4.0 


6.0 

5.7 
4.5 
3.9 
3.9 

3.8 
3.7 
4.7 
5.1 
5.4 

5.1 

5.4 
8.5 
7.2 
5.1 


5.1 
4.7 
3.7 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
8.0 
8.0 
4.5 

3.8 

21 

26 

14 
olO 
a7 


8.0 
7.2 
7.2 
8.0 
8.0 

8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
9.0 

8.0 
7.2 
6.0 
9.0 
19 


3.8 


2 




17 




3.9 


3 




18 




3.8 


4 




19 




3.7 


5 




20 




3.6 


6 




21 




3.6 


7 




22 




3.6 


8 




23 




13 


9 




24 




28 


10 




25 




28 


11 




26 




28 


12 




27 




31 


13 




28 




18 


14 




29 




19 


15 




30 




26 






31 




13 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


a 16 

ol9 

o22 

26 

26 

26 

28 
28 
26 
26 

26 
23 
22 
13 
19 

26 
26 
26 
23 
19 

18 
21 
28 
26 
19 

19 
O20 
a 21 
a 22 
a 23 
o23 


a 24 
a 25 
a 26 

26 

34 

34 
34 
34 
34 
34 

34 
29 
23 
21 
19 

18 
15 
14 
12 
13 

13 
19 
38 
30 
6.0 

42 
38 
30 


23 
22 
21 
21 
19 

19 




11 
11 
11 
12 
10 

10 
9.5 
9.0 

28 
19 

9.0 
8.0 
13 












8.5 
8.0 
7.6 
4.7 
4.7 

6.4 
9.0 

13 

19 

23 

30 
34 
42 

48 
62 

a 59 
55 
a 52 
48 
a 45 

a 41 
a 38 
o34 
31 
o27 

a 24 
o20 
a 16 
ol2 
8.0 


o7. 6 


2 












o7.2 


3 












o6.8 


4 












6.4 


5 












4.7 


6 












16 


7 












10 


8 
















58 


9 
















54 


10 






26 










23 


11 














38 


12 












13 
7.2 
7.2 

16 

14 
26 
26 
19 
13 

38 
30 
26 


4.3 
4.7 
5.1 
5.1 

5.7 

6.4 
7.2 
8.0 

10 

13 

16 
19 
12 
U 
10 
9.0 


26 


13 . . . . 












19 


14 












19 


15 














88 


16 ... 














50 


17 














26 


18 














19 


19 














18 


20 














17 


21 














16 


22 














34 


23 














26 


24 






11 








9.0 


25 














8.5 


26 




17 
18 
16 
14 
13 












6.8 


27 




34 








5.1 


28 








5.7 


29 












26 


30 
















16 


31 
















6.4 























a Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— Disctiarge estimated Irom Oct. 17 to Nov. 14, 1911, the estimate being based on gage readings of 
Oct. 16 and Nov. 15, and upon discharge of Waimea River. No record for the days on whuch discharge is 
missing. Daily discharge computed from a rating carve fairly well defined between 3.5 and 30 secoad-feet. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 59 

Monthly discharge of Waialae Stream near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feot. 



Maxunum, Minimum, Mean, 



Run-ofi 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



August 

September. 

October 

November.. 
December.. 



January 

February 

October 16-31 . 

November 

December 



1910. 



3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 



4.7 



5.76 

4.85 
9.60 
8.00 
12.6 



22.8 
25.7 
9.16 
27.7 
21.7 



354 
289 
590 
476 

775 



1,400 
1,430 
291 
1,650 
1.330 



Note. — ^Data insulBcient for an estimate from March to September, inclusive, 1911. 



KEKAHA DITCH AT INTAKE NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Kekaha ditch diverts water from the east side of Waimea River 
about 8 miles from the sea at 550 feet elevation. The ditch is on the 
east side for 4^ miles then crosses the river in an inverted siphon. 
The water is used for irrigating cane on the plantation of the Kekaha 
Sugar Co. 

A gaging station was established on this ditch about 700 feet below 
the intake December 1, 1910. The station is at an open section of the 
ditch and the equipment consists of a staff gage graduated in tenths 
of feet and a board graduated in feet from which measurements are 
made. About 200 feet below the station is a low weir with poor con- 
tractions and high velocity of approach. Measurements at the 
station have been used to rate the weir so that observed heads on the 
weir could be used to obtain the daily flow at the station. The com- 
pany has kindly furnished to the Geological Survey the weir readings 
for 1910 and 1911, and also has instructed its ditchman, Manuel de 
Arruda, to read the gage at the regular station for the Survey. 

Discharge measurements of Kekaha ditch at intake, near Waimea, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Nov. 11 


Martin and Mendes. 


Feet. 
10.7 

11. 
10.5 


Sq.ft. 
36.0 

35.8 
35.9 


Feet. 
W 

6 3.57 
C3.57 


Sec.-ft. 

88 


1911. 
\pr. 27 


W. F. Martin.„ 


86 


Nov. IS 


W. v. Hardy .„ 


S5 









a Head on 8-foot weir below station was 26J inches. 
b Head on 8-foot weir below station was 26^ inches. 
c Head on 8-foot weir below station was 26 inches. 



60 



WATEE EESOUBCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in inches, of Kekaha ditch at intake, near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 

(Kekaha Sugar Co., observer.! 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



1910. 



15 
20 
25 
25 
25 

25 

23i 

16* 



20i 
20i 
20i 
20 



20 
19J 
19i 
19' 

18i 

18* 

18i 

19 

20i 

23i 

261 

29 

29 

29 

27 
28 
29 
29 
29 
28i 



20 
20 
20 
20 
20 

20 

21| 

22 

22 

22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
16 
20 
16 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 



29 

29 

29J 

29i 

29J 

29i 
29* 
29| 
29i 
26 

24 
22 
20 

20 
19i 

19 

19 
29J 
28i 
271 

29* 
29| 
29* 
29J 



29 

29i 

291 

28i 

25i 



23i 

23 

25 

23J 

27^ 

28 
29 
29 
29 
29 

28 
28 



20 
24 
24 

24 
24 
23 
22 
20 

19* 

m 

21 

28 
28 



28 
28 
28 
28 
25i 

24 
21 
21 
28 
28 

28 
28 



22 
20 
19 
18 
18 

18 

24 

25 

20J 

26 

27 
20 
18 
21 
19 

25 

19i 

18 

20i 

24 

20| 

19 

21 

25 

20 



25 
23 
22 
24 
25 

25 
25 
22 
21 
19 

25 
23 
22 
21 
22 

19 
24 
25 
22 
21 

20 

25J 

26 

24 

21 

19 

19 

21 i 

25 

25 

21 



17 
17 
16 
16 
26 

28 

20 

171 

17 

17 

17 
17 
15 
15 
15 

15J 

15J 

16 

15 

15 

27 

25* 

19' 

16i 

26i 

20| 

20^ 

19i 

18 

17 

16 



19 

19 
18 
18 

18 

17 
17 
16 
16 
16 

16 
16 
18 
17 
18 

17 

18 

17i 

17 

20.J 

22 

17i 

16 

16 

15 

15 
20 
21 
18 
17 
17 



J. •±5 

14 

15 

17i 

23i 

21| 

15J 

17 

23 

23 

23i 

22J 

18 

19i 

21 

24i 

24 

27 

27 

20 



27 

26* 

19* 



21 

18 
16J 
16 
16* 

16 
18 
21 
26 
25 

25^ 

24i 

24 

18i 

21i 

23J 

25i 

26 

26 

24i 

26 

26 

26 

22i 

25J 

25i 

26 

25i 



19^ 

19i 

22 

22i 

17J 

17 

19? 

21? 

25i 

25J 

24 

21i 
27i 
23 
18 

17 

16 

15i 

15 

15 

15 

18 
18 
23 
18 

16 

27 

26 

27 

26i 

23 



26 

25 

22 

215 

26 

23i 

25f 

24i 

21 

18J 

m 

17i 
17 
16J 
16 

15J 
15i 
15* 
15J 
IS 

16i 

16i 

17J 

26 

25i 

21 

17f 

16J 

16 

151 

15J 



20 
15 
15 
15 
25 

25 
25 
25 
25 
26* 

27 
26 
27 
25 
23 

20 
19i 
19 
19 

18 

18 

2U 

24J 

24i 

27 
25 
24 
25 
25 



15 

15 

15 

14| 

14i 

17i 

17 

18 

20J 

21 

18J 
19| 
21i 

26 
26 

25* 

25" 

26 

26 

26 

26 
26 
26 
24 
21J 

19J 

24 

25J 

22* 

21j 



Note.— Ditch dry on days for which gage hefeht is not given. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 61 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kekaha ditch at intake, nearWaimea., Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Fob. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


27 
27 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
62 
62 

37 
57 
80 
80 
80 

80 
73 
43 


62 
62 
62 
62 
62 

62 
62 
62 
62 
62 

62 
62 
62 
62 
62 

62 
62 
62 
62 
62 

62 
62 
62 
62 
62 

62 
62 
60 

41 
41 
41 
41 
75 

75 

75 
75 

75 
75 

75 
75 
75 
75 
75 

75 
75 
75 
75 
75 

75 
75 
75 
57 
57 

57 
57 
57 


60 
60 
60 

57 

■■■■-■ 

55 
55 
53 

61 
51 

51 
53 
60 

73 
89 
100 
100 
100 

90 
95 
100 
100 
100 
98 

57 

57 
57 
57 
57 

57 
64 
66 
66 
66 

66 
66 
66 
66 
66 

66 
66 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
41 
57 
41 

27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 


100 
100 
102 
102 
102 

102 
102 
102 
102 

85 

75 
66 
57 
57 
55 

53 
53 
102 
98 
94 

102 
102 
102 
102 
102 

100 
102 
102 
98 
82 

27 
27 
37 
49 
49 

57 
66 
66 
66 
66 

62 
66 
66 
66 
66 

66 
66 
66 

75 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
75 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 


73 
71 

80 
73 
92 

95 
100 
100 
100 
100 

95 
95 

■■■■-■ 

75 
75 

75 
75 
71 
66 
57 

55 
55 
51 
62 
95 
95 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

66 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 


95 
95 

95 
95 

82 

75 
62 
62 
95 
95 

95 
95 
95 
95 
95 

95 
95 
95 
95 
95 

95 
95 
95 
80 
90 

95 
95 
80 
90 
90 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
75 
80 
80 

80 
66 
62 
57 
66 

66 
80 
80 
80 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 
71 


85 
66 
57 

"■■'ss' 

66 
57 
53 
49 
49 

49 
75 
80 
60 

85 

90 
57 
49 
62 
53 

80 
55 
49 
60 
75 

60 
53 
62 
80 
57 
47 

80 
71 
66 
75 
80 

80 
80 
66 
62 
53 

80 
71 
66 
62 
66 

53 
75 
80 
66 
62 

57 
82 
85 
75 
62 

53 
53 
64 
80 
80 
62 


45 
45 
41 
41 
85 

95 
57 
48 
45 
45 

45 
45 
37 
37 
37 

39 
39 
41 
37 
37 

90 
82 
53 
43 
89 

61 
60 
55 
49 
45 
41 

53 
53 
49 
49 
49 

45 
45 
41 
41 
41 

41 
41 
49 
45 
49 

45 
49 
47 
45 
60 

66 
47 
41 
41 
37 

37 
57 
62 
49 
45 
45 


37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

36 
34 
37 
46 
73 

65 
40 
45 
71 
71 

73 

68 
49 
54 
62 

78 
75 
90 
90 
57 

80 
85 
90 
88 
55 

62 
49 
43 
41 
43 

41 
49 
62 
85 
80 

82 
78 
75 
50 
65 

73 

82 
85 
85 
78 

85 
85 
85 
68 
82 

81 
85 
82 
85 
71 


55 
55 
66 
68 
47 

45 
56 
65 
82 
82 

75 
63 
91 
71 
49 

45 
41 
39 
37 
37 

37 
49 
49 
71 
49 

41 
90 

85 
90 
88 
71 

85 
80 
66 
65 
85 

73 
84 
78 
62 
52 

48 
46 
45 
43 
41 

39 
39 
39 
38 
37 

42 
42 
47 

85 
82 

62 
48 
42 
41 
40 
38 


57 
37 
37 
37 
80 

80 
80 
80 
80 

88 

90 
85 
90 
80 
71 

60 
57 
55 
53 
53 

49 
49 
64 

78 
78 

90 
80 
75 
80 
80 

37 
37 
37 
36 
35 

46 
45 
49 
61 
62 

50 
56 
65 
85 
85 

82 
80 
85 
85 
85 

85 
85 
85 
75 
65 

55 
75 
84 
68 
64 


80 


2 


80 


3 


80 


4 


80 


5 


80 


6 


80 


7 


80 


8 


80 


9 


78 


10 


68 


11 


63 


12 


57 




52 


14 


49 




47 




46 


17... 


45 




45 


19 


43 




41 


21 


41 


22 


41 




41 


24 


80 




80 


26 


80 


27 


80 




80 


29 


80 




66 


31 


49 


1911. 
1 


54 


2 


49 




45 


4 


45 


5 


45 




64 


7 


68 


8 


78 


9 


85 


10 




85 






80 


12 .- 




85 


13 




86 


14 ' 




90 






90 


16 




90 


17 




90 


18 




90 


19 




90 


20 




88 


21 


41 
41 
41 
41 
41 

41 
41 
41 
41 
41 
41 


84 


22 


84 


23 


90 


24 


88 




72 




63 


^ 


58 


28 


55 


29 


90 


30 


89 


31 


71 







Note.— Discharge computed from records of head on an 8-foot weir, using weir formula with correc- 
tions determined by current-meter measurements. 



62 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Kekaha ditch at intake, near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-^11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximuni. Minimam. Mean 



Run-ofE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



January 

February 

March 1-4 and 12-31 . . 

April 

May 1-12 and 18-31... 

June 

July 1-3 and 5-31 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The period 

January 1-8 and 21-31 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The period 



62 
62 
100 
102 
100 
95 
85 
95 
90 
91 
90 
80 



48.4 
61.9 
73.7 
90.1 
78.4 
90.2 
63.5 
51.9 
59.9 
61.0 
69.1 
64.3 



67.4 



51.6 
66.9 
48.5 
66.1 
79.5 
76.8 
69.3 
47.2 
70.6 
55.3 
64.8 
75.5 



66.0 



2,980 
3,440 
3,500 
5,360 
4,040 
5,370 
3,780 
3,190 
3,560 
3,750 
4,110 
3,950 



47,000 



1,940 
3,720 
2.980 
3,930 
4,890 
4,570 
4,260 
2,900 
4,200 
3,400 
3,860 
4,640 



45,300 



Note.— Minimum and mean discharges are only for days when ditch was carrying water. The ditch was 
dry during the periods Mar. 5-11, May 13-17, and July 4, 1910; and Jan. 9-20, 1911. The table shows the 
quantity of water taken from Waimea River by the Kekaha ditch. 



KEKAHA DITCH AT FLUME NO. 3, NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Flume No. 3 on Kekaha ditch is about 2 miles below the intake. 

A gage graduated in tenths of feet was set December 1, 1910, by 
the Kekaha Sugar Co., and was read daily by the ditchman for the 
Geological Survey. Measurements are made from a tie beam 2 feet 
above the gage. The records at this station, in connection with the 
station at the intake, are valuable in determining seepage losses. 

Discharge measurements of Kekaha ditch at flume No. 3, near Waimea, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 27 
Nov. 15 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
8.0 
8.0 


Sq.ft. 
22.3 
22.8 


Feet. 
2.72 
2.78 


Sec.-ft. 
89 


W. V.Hardy 


83 









ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



63 



Daily gage height, infect, ofKekaha ditch at flume No. 3, near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 

IManuel de Arruda, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 


2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 

2.5 

2.45 

2.40 

2.15 


2 


3 


4 


5 


6 


7 


8 


9 


10...., 







Day. 



1910, 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 



Dec. 



2.02 
1.88 
1.75 
1.65 
1.6 

1.58 

1.55 

1.55 

1.6 

1.45 



Day. 



1910, 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Dec. 



1.45 
1.4 

1.4 

2.45 

2.45 

2.45 
2„45 
2.45 
2.45 
1.70 
2.25 



Day. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.25 


1.45 


1 9 


2.65 


1.5 


1.95 


1.85 


1.45 


1.9 


2.5 


1.5 


1.79 


2.45 


1.45 


1.9 


2.25 


1.5 


1.7 


2.45 


1.45 


1.9 


2.2 


1.48 


1.7 


2.45 


2.40 


1.9 


2.65 


1.45 


1.7 


2.45 


2.4 


1.9 


2.35 


1.88 


2.24 


2.02 


2.4 


2.0 


2.62 


1.7 


2.32 


1.32 


2.4 


2.2 


2.45 


1.8 


2.7 





2.4 


2.2 


2.18 


2.18 


2.75 





2.4 


2.2 


1.85 


2.1 


2.75 





2.4 


2.2 


1.78 


1.85 


2.6 





2.4 


2.2 


1.72 


2.0 


2.72 





2.4 


2.2 


1.70 


1.72 


2.71 





2.4 


2.2 


1.65 


2.72 


2.8 





2.4 


•2.2 


1.6 


2.78 


2.8 



1911 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Jan. 









1.48 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 

1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 
1.45 



Feb. 



2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 



Mar. 



2.2 
2.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.9 
1.9 



Oct. 



1.55 
1.55 
1..55 
1.55 
1.5 

1.62 
1.62 
1.58 
2.75 
2.7 

2.18 
1.82 
1.65 
1.65 
1.62 
1.58 



Nov. 



2.7 

2.75 

2.74 

2.77 

2.75 

2.75 
2.75 
2.75 
2.51 
2.25 

2.0 

2.48 
2.65 
2.28 
2.15 



Dec. 



2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.76 

2.68 

2.66 

2.8 

2.78 

2.4 

2.16 

2.02 

1.95 

2.8 

2.78 

2.39 



Note.— No readings were obtained from Mar. 28 to Sept. 30, 1911. Daily discharge will be published 
later when enough measurements for a rating have been made. 

KEKAHA DITCH ABOVE SIPHOIST, NEAK WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Kekaha ditch crosses the river in an inverted siphon 4^ miles below 
the intake. Just above the mouth of the siphon in the open ditch 
a gaging station has been established. 

• The gage, graduated in tenths of feet, was set December 1, 1910, 
by the Kekaha Sugar Co., and was read daily for the Geological 
Survey by the plantation ditchman. Measurements are made from 
a portable plank used as a footbridge. 

The records at this point, in connection with those at the stations 
above, are valuable in determining seepage losses. They also show 
how much water is taken from the river to the west side. 

Discharge measurements of Kekaha ditch above siphon, near Waimea, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 
Sept. 28 
Nov. 11 

1911. 
Feb. 15 
Apr. 27 
Nov. 15 



Martin, Pierce, and Mendes 
Martia and Mendes 

Martin and Hoyt 

W.F.Martin 

W.V.Hardy 



Feet. 
10.6 
10.4 



10.0 
13.3 

10.7 



Sq.ft. 
46.0 
43.3 



35.2 

54 

51 



3.60 
5.15 
5.06 



Sec.-ft. 
82 
78 



64 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Kekaha ditch above siphon, near Waimea, Kauai, for 1910-11. 

rManuel de Arruda, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


2 
2 
2 
2 
2 

2 
2 
2 
2 
3 
3 




Day 






Dec. 


1 


1910. 




5.30 
3.90 
3.70 
3.40 
3.02 

2.80 
2.95 
2.56 
2.35 
2.00 


11 
12 
13 
14 
15 

16 
17 

18 
19 
20 




1910. 




1.85 

1.68 
1.58 
1.55 
1.50 

1.48 
1.45 
1.45 
1.40 
1.40 


1... . 


1910 






1.40 


2 








2 








1.40 


3 








3. 








1.40 


4 








4 








3.40 


5 








5. ... 








3.55 


6 








6. . . 








3.65 


7 








7 








3.80 


8 








8 








3.05 


9 








9. ... 








2.75 


10 

















2.65 














1. ... 








2.60 














Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.50 
1.50 
3.10 
2.25 
3.40 

3.85 

2.50 

2.20 












1.50 
1.45 
1.50 
1.50 
3.00 

3.00 
3.78 
3.80 
4.22 
4.08 

3.90 
3.80 
3.70 
3.15 
3.30 


1.80 
1.80 
1.80 
1.80 
1.80 

1.80 
1.80 
1.90 
2.00 
2.00 

2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 


4.80 
4.60 
3.40 
1.80 
3.70 

2.45 
3.65 
2.70 
1.85 
1.68 

1.62 
1.58 
1.50 
1.48 
1.40 


1.35 
1.30 
1.30 
1.30 
1.30 

1.62 
1.58 
1.65 
1.92 
2.95 

1.65 
1.85 
1.55 
4.80 
4.85 


1.64 
1.55 

!J 

1.45 

2.82 
1.95 
3.30 
4.48 
3.80 

3.55 
4.50 
4.02 
3.85 
5.25 


1911. 
16 








1.40 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 

1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.42 


3.20 
3.20 
3.20 
3.05 
2.80 

3.15 
3.20 
2.70 
1.90 
1.90 

1.80 
1.80 
1.80 


2.00 
2.00 
1.20 
1.20 
1.20 

1.20 
1.10 
1.45 
1.80 
1.80 


1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.38 
1.35 

1.35 
1.55 
1.48 
5.20 
4.50 

1.85 
1.62 
1.50 
1.40 
1.40 
1.38 


4.35 
4.28 
4.48 
5.12 
4.95 

5.02 
4.50 
4.40 
2.80 
1.85 

1.64 
2.48 
3.42 
1.92 
1.86 


5.30 


2 


17 


5 20 


3 


18 


5.16 


4 


19 


4 85 


5 


20 


4.55 


6 


21 


3.90 


7 


22 


3 41 


8 


23 


4.55 


9 


24 


4 35 


10 


25 


2.15 


11 


26 


1.88 


12 


27 


1 76 


13 


28 


1.68 


14 


29 


5.25 


15 ,.. 


30 






4.72 






31 






2.45 























Note. — No readings were obtained from Mar. 26 to Sept. 30, 1911. Daily discharge will be published 
later when enough measurements for a rating have been made. 

KEKAHA DITCH AT WEIR BELOW TUNNEL NO. 12, NEAR WAIMEA, 

KAUAI. 

Tunnel No. 12 weir on Kekaha ditch is several miles below the 
river siphon and a considerable distance below tunnel No. 12. The 
weir is low and has poor contractions with high velocity of approach, 
but it has been rated by means of meter measurements. The planta- 
tion keeps a daily record of the head on the weir and has kindly fur- 
nished the Geological Survey with the records for 1910 and 1911, 

The discharge at this point shows how much water is delivered to 
the boundary of the plantation, exclusive of seepage losses and the 
amount supplied to the town of Waimea at times. 

Discharge measurements of Kekaha ditch at iveir below tunnel No. 12, near Waimea, Kauai, 

1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Feet. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 


8.0 


26.6 


3. .38 


9.3 


29.2 


6 2.50 


8.5 


24.7 


6 1.46 


8.6 


28.0 


6 1.75 



Dis- 
charge. 



Apr. 28a 

28 

Oct. 20 

Nov. 10 



W.F.Martin 

do 

Hardy and Hansen 

Hardy and Nordmeier 



Sec.-f. 
73.3 
73.3 
34.8 
44.3 



o Measurement made at upper end of tunnel No. 12, about J mile above weir. 
6 Head on 6-foot weir. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



65 



Daily gage height, in inches, of Kekaha ditch at weir below tunnel No. 12, near Waimea, 

Kauai, for 1910-11. 

fKekaha Sugar Co., observer.] 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dee. 



10 
10 
21 
21 
18 

18 

20J 

18 

15 

15 

19 
20 
20 
18 
19 

20 
20 
20 

8 



8i 
8J 
8J 

7i 

7 

7 

8 

20i 
21i 



20i 

21i 

21i 

21 

21 

21 
21 
21 
21 
21 

21 

21f 

21 

21 

20 

20i 

20 

19 

20i 

20i 

m 

20* 
20| 
22 

21 
20 
20 



29 

28 
29 
29 
29 
29 

28 

28J 

28J 

27i 

27| 

28J 

28§ 

28 

12 

23 

26J 
27i 
28 



m 

19 
19i 



19i 

19J 

18J 

18 

20 

20 

24 

28i 

27J 

27J 

275 

25 

27 

29§ 

28 

27 



26i 

25 

26 

26 

25 

24i 

26 

26 

28 

27 

26 
25 
25 
27 
26 

27 

27J 

19 



16 

16 

16 

15 

23i 

25 

19 
18 
16 
16 
16 
16 



29 

28J 

27i 

26i 

25| 

25f 

26 

25i 

25 

21 

20J 
20i 
19 
19 



18i 

22 

27i 

26 

24 

24 
26 
25 
25 
27J 

27f 

26i 
26 
26i 
24 



16 
16 
16 
23J 
23 

24 
26 
26 
26 
26 

27 
27 
27 
28 
28 



27J 

29 

30 

30 

30 

30 

29J 

30 

30 
29 
30 
29 
29 



22 

21i 

23 

22 

23 

25i 

25 

26 

27 

27 

26i 
26i 



20 
24 

27i 

2^ 

26 

25 

23i 

22 

21 

20| 

20 

20 

28 

29 



28i 

30 

30 

29 

29i 

29 
30 
30 
30 
30 

29i 

30 

29i 

29 

29J 

29i 

30 

30 

30 

30 

29i 

29 

29 

30 

29 

28 

29 

30§ 

30 

30 

30 



29 

29 

29 

28i 

27i 

26 

21 

22f 

29J 

29i 

28 

29 

29^ 

28i 

29J 



28i 



28J 

29 

28i 

27 

28i 

29 
29 
27 

28i 



30i 

30 

30 

30 

30 

30 

30§ 

30 

30 

30 

29 

29i 

28^ 

29i 

30 

30 

30 

26J 

26J 

27J 

27J 
30J 
30i 
30i 

28J 

30J 
30i 
30f 
30i 
30f 



24 

24 

21 

20J 

19i 

19 

19i 

26 

28 

24 

26i 

27J 

21 

19 

22 

21 

27 
23 
23 
22 
25 

23 

20 
25 
29 
26 
18 



30 

29 

27J 

29 

30 

30 

29i 

29i 

26 

24 

29 

29 

28i 

27^ 

25J 

25 

26 

27 

23i 

25 

26 

30 
30 
26 

25 
23 

27 
28 
28 
25 



18 
17 
17 
16f 
29t 

29i 

24i 

19i 

10 

17 

m 

16J 
16 
16 
16 

16| 

17 

16i 

16J 

16i 

29^ 

28 

22 

18 

16i 

27 

23i 

21 

17 

16i 



21 
21 
Wi 

19 

20 

22 

21i 

21 



20 
19i 
21i 
23i 

27 
21 
21 
19 
19 

18i 
21i 
25 
20 

18i 



16 
15 
15 

15 
15 

ISi 

15 

15 

17 

25 

18 
16 
20i 
24 



29i 

28 

23 

181 

20 



27J 
29i 
29i 
27i 

29| 
29^ 
29i 
28i 
22i 



19 
21 

18J 
18§ 
18i 

18 

m 
m 

27 
30 

28i 



22i 
20 

28 

27i 

29 

28 

24i 

27i 
27J 
30i 
29| 
28 

28| 
29? 
28J 
29J 
27J 



21 

21 

22i 

24i 

21 

19J 

22 

28 

29 

29 

27 
21 

28i 
28i 
18i 

18i 
18J 
17 

16 

16 

18 
20 
25.i 
20 

m 

25 
28 
29^ 
29i 



28i 
27} 
24| 
22i 
27i 

27i 
27i 
25i 
24} 
21i 

19| 

19i 

m 

18 

18 

17f 

16| 

17 

16| 

16| 

18 
18§ 
281 
29J 

26§ 

21 i 

21 

19 

19 

18 



25 
16 
16 
16 
29i 

26* 

28J 

28 

27i 

28i 

29i 
29J 
27i 
25i 
22i 

22i 

22 

21i 

21i 

20§ 

20 

26 
27 
28 

29§ 

29i 

27 

30 

30 



m 

16i 
16J 
16i 
16i 

16J 
20 

19i 
25i 
21J 

23i 

26§ 
19} 
29i 
29J 

30 

29 

28 

29i 

29i 

29i 

29 

28 

26J 

23J 

21i 

23 

28 

22i 

23i 



30 

30 

28§ 

28i 

28 

28§ 

28 

28 

26i 

26 

22} 

22 

21 

20 

20 

19i 
19 

18i 

18 

17i 

16i 

17i 

m 

28 



20} 

16 

19} 

19 

18} 

18 

25} 

26} 

29t 

28 

26} 
26} 
26f 
26} 
30| 

30i 

30 

30 

27 

29 

29 
27 
28 
28 
27 

25 

22 

21} 

29 

29f 

26 



Note. — Ditch dry on days for which 
74323°— wsp 318—13 — 



gage height is not given. 
-5 



66 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kekaha ditch at weir below tunnel No. 12, near Waimea, 

Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


16 
16 
44 
44 
36 

36 
42 
36 
29 
29 

39 
41 
41 
36 
39 

41 
41 
41 
36 
36 

36 
38 
38 
38 
38 

35 
34 
34 
36 
42 
46 

36 
36 
66 
63 
70 

63 
70 
73 


42 
46 
46 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
46 
44 
U 
41 

42 
41 
39 
42 

42 

42 
42 
42 
42 
47 

44 
41 
41 

39 
39 
41 
41 
70 

70 
70 
70 
66 
70 

66 
70 
70 
70 
70 

66 
68 
68 
64 
64 

68 
68 
66 
21 
50 

62 
64 
66 


41 
39 
39 
39 

■■"38' 
39 
40 
40 

40 
40 
38 
36 
41 

41 

53 
68 
65 
65 

65 
57 
63 
72 
66 
63 

62 

57 
60 
60 
57 

55 
60 
60 
66 
63 

60 
57 
57 
63 
60 

63 
64 
39 
35 
31 

31 
31 
29 
52 
57 

39 
36 
31 
31 
31 
31 


70 
68 
64 
62 
58 

59 
60 
58 
57 
44 

42 
42 
39 
39 

38 

38 
47 
64 
60 
53 

53 
57 
57 
57 
64 

65 
62 
60 
62 
53 

31 
31 
31 
52 
50 

53 
60 
60 
60 
60 

63 
63 
63 
66 
66 

66 
66 
65 
70 
73 

73 
73 
73 
72 
73 

73 

70 
73 
70 
70 


47 
46 
50 
47 
50 

58 
57 
60 
63 
63 

62 
62 

...... 

53 
64 

62 
60 
57 
52 
47 

44 
43 
41 
41 
66 
70 

68 
73 
73 
70 
72 

70 

73 
73 
73 
73 

72 
73 
72 
70 
72 

71 

73 
73 
73 
73 

72 
70 
70 
73 
70 

66 
70 
75 
73 
73 
73 


70 
70 
70 
68 
64 

60 
44 
49 
72 
72 

66 
70 
72 
68 
72 

66 
68 
68 
68 
68 

68 
70 
68 
63 
68 

70 
70 
63 
72 
68 

74 
73 
73 
73 
73 

73 

75 
73 
73 
73 

70 
72 
68 
72 
73 

73 
73 
62 
62 
64 

65 
76 
74 
75 
68 

75 
75 
76 
75 
76 


60 
63 
53 

"""'53' 

63 

44 
42 
40 
39 

40 
60 
66 
53 
62 

64 
44 
39 

47 
44 

63 
60 
50 

47 
57 

50 
41 

57 
70 
60 
36 

73 
70 
64 
70 
73 

73 
72 
72 
60 
53 

70 
70 
68 
64 
58 

57 
60 
63 
52 
57 

60 
72 
73 
73 
60 

57 
60 
63 
66 
66 
57 


36 
34 
34 
33 
72 

72 
54 
40 
16 
34 

35 
33 
31 
31 
31 

33 
34 
32 
33 
33 

72 
66 
47 
36 
32 

63 
62 
44 
34 
32 
32 

47 
46 
48 
42 
41 

39 
38 
41 
41 
42 

39 
41 

47 
46 
44 

42 
41 
40 
46 
52 

63 
44 
44 
39 
39 

38 
45 
57 
41 
38 
38 


31 
29 
29 
29 
29 

30 
29 
29 
34 
57 

36 
31 
42 
53 
66 

72 
66 
50 
38 
47 

69 
64 

72 
72 
64 

72 
72 
72 
68 
48 

39 
44 
38 
38 
38 

36 

42 
40 
63 
73 

68 
70 
68 
48 
41 

66 
64 
70 
66 
55 

65 
66 
74 
72 
66 

69 
72 
69 

72 
64 


44 

44 
48 
66 
44 

40 
47 
66 
70 
70 

63 
44 
68 
68 
38 

38 
38 
34 
32 
31 

31 
36 
41 
58 
41 

35 
67 
66 
72 
72 
62 

68 
65 
56 
48 
64 

64 
64 
69 
54 
46 

42 
40 
39 
38 
36 

36 
36 
33 
34 
33 

33 
36 
38 
68 
72 

62 

46 
44 
39 
39 
36 


57 
31 
31 
31 
72 

62 

%»■ 

66 

64 

68 

72 
72 
64 
58 
48 

48 
47 
46 
46 
42 

41 
42 
60 
63 
66 

72 
72 
63 
73 
73 

35 
32 
32 
32 
32 

32 
41 
40 
58 
46 

62 
62 
40 
72 
72 

73 
70 
66 
72 
72 

72 
70 
66 
62 
52 

46 
50 
66 
48 
52 


73 


2 


73 


3 


68 


4 


68 


6 


66 


6 


68 


7 


66 


8 


66 


9 


62 


10 


60 


11 


48 


12 


47 


13 


44 


14 


41 


IS 


41 


16 


40 


17 


39 


18 


38 


19 


36 


20 


35 


21 


32 


22 


35 


23 


38 


24 


66 


25 


66 


26 


70 


27 


70 


28 


66 


29 


66 


30 


36 


31 


70 


1911. 
1 


42 


2 


31 


3 


40 


4 


39 


5 


38 


6 


36 


7 


58 


8 


62 


9 


71 


10 




66 


11 




62 


12 




61 


13 




62 


14 




61 


15 




76 


16 




74 


17 




73 


18 




73 


19 




63 


20 




70 


21 


41 
41 
41 
41 
41 

41 
41 
41 
41 
39 
39 


70 


22 


63 


23 


66 


24 


66 


25 


63 


26 


67 


27 


47 


28 


46 


29 


70 


30 


72 


31 


60 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 30 and 75 second-feet. The 
curve was obtained by rating a 6-foot weir. Records of head on the weir were furnished by the Kekaha 
Sugar Ck>. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



67 



Monthly discharge of Kekdha ditch at weir below tunnel No. 12, near Waimea, Kauai, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910, 

January 

February 

March 1-4 and 12-31 , 

April 

M^y 1-12 and 18-31 

June 

July 1-3 and 5-31 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The period 

1911. 

January 1-8 and 21-31 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The period 



76 



36.8 
43.1 
49.5 
55.1 
54.1 
66.8 
51.2 
40.7 
50.0 
50.1 
67.3 
54.6 



50.7 



48.6 
61.3 
49.3 
62.3 
71.8 
71.9 
64.4 
43.5 
58.5 
47.3 
53.8 
59.3 



59.1 



2,250 
2,390 
2,350 
3,280 
2,790 
3,970 
3,050 
2,500 
2,980 
3,080 
3,410 
3,360 



35,400 



1,830 
3,400 
3,030 
3,710 
4,410 
4,280 
3,960 
2,670 
3,480 
2,910 
3,200 
3,650 



40,500 



Note. — Minimum and mean discharge given only for days when ditch was carrying water, 
was dry during the periods Mar. 5-11, May 13-17, and July 4, 1910; and Jan. 9-20, 1911. 



The ditch 



WAIMEA DITCH NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Waimea ditch diverts water from the west side of Waimea River 
about 4 miles from the sea at 150 feet elevation. It is a compara- 
tively^ small ditch and for the most part consists of semicircular 
metallic flume. The water is used for irrigating cane on the planta- 
tion of the Waimea Sugar Mill Co. 

A station was established on this ditch about 300 feet below the 
intake November 4, 1911. The equipment consists of a staff gage, 
read daily, and a pole bridge from which measurements are made. 

Discharge measurements of Waimea ditch near Waimea, Kavm, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
action. 



height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 
Sept. 28o 

1911 
Apr. 29a 
Nov. 4 
15 



Martin, Pierce, and Mendes 

W. F. Martin 

W. V. Hardy 

do 



Feet. 
3.2 



3.2 
5.7 
5.6 



Sq.ft. 
3.1 



3.3 

7.8 

10.2 



Feet. 



1.70 
2.20 



Sec.-ft. 
7.0 



7.3 

3.40 

9.2 



a Measurement made about IJ miles below intake before station was established. 
Note.— An additional measinrement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. 



68 



"WATEB BESOUBCES OF HAWAH. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waimea ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for 1911. 
[Honke, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




2.10 
2.00 
1.90 
1.80 
1.80 

1.75 
2.25 
2.00 
2.20 
2.20 


11 




2.20 
2.20 
2.30 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 


21 


2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.10 
1.80 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.10 


2.20 


2 




12 




22 


2.20 


3 




13 




23 


2.20 


3 


1.70 


14 




24 


2.20 


5 .... 


15 


2.20 

2.20 
1.80 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 


25 


2.20 


6 




16 


26 


1.90 


7 




17 


27 


1.95 


8 .. 




18 


28 


1.95 


9 




19 


28 


2.20 


10 ... 




20 


30 


2.20 








31 


2.10 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waimea ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for 1911, 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




7.8 
6.5 
5.3 
4.3 
4.3 

3.8 
10 
6.5 
9.2 
9.2 


11 




9.2 
9.2 
11 
9.2 
9.2 

9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 


21 


9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
7.8 
4.3 

9.2 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 

7.8 


9.2 


2 




12 




22 


9.2 


3 




13 




23 


9.2 


4 


3.4 


14 




29 


9.2 


5 


15 


9.2 

9.2 
4.3 
9.2 
9.2 
9.2 


26 


9.2 


6 




16 


26 


5.3 


7 




17 


27 


5.9 


8 




18 


28 


5.9 


9 ... 




19 


29 


9.2 


10 




20 


30 


9.2 








31 


7.8 











Note. — Daily discharge computed {rom a rating curve fairly well defined betweea 3 and 11 second-feet. 
This division is above the gaging station on Waimea Kiver. 

Monthly discharge of Waimea ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for Nov. 15 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


9.2 
11 


3.4 
3.8 


7.92 
8.06 


267 
496 



Accu- 
racy. 



November 4 and 16-30. 
December , 



KAMENEHUNE DITCH NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Kameiiehune ditch is an ancient auwai, or old native taro ditch. 
It diverts water from the west side of Waimea River about 3 miles 
above the town of Waimea and about 1 mile above the station on the 
river. The water is used for irrigating taro and rice in the lower 
part of Waimea Valley. 

A gaging station was established on this ditch October 9, 1911, at 
a point almost exactly opposite the station on the river. The equip- 
ment consists of a staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet and read 
daily, and a board, graduated in feet, from which measurements are 
made. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 69 

Discharge measurements of Kam^nehune ditch near Waim^a, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 

Sept. 28a 


Martin, Pierce, and Mendes 


Feet. 
1.45 
1.5 

1.45 
3.5 


Sq.ft. 
2.04 
2.23 

2.20 
2.39 


Feet. 

"'"o.'si" 


Sec.-ft. 
2.06 


Oct. 270 


J. E . Mendes 


2.13 


1911. 
Apr. 29o 


W. F. Martin 


1.96 


Oct. 9 


W. V. Hardy 


.99 









a Measurement made a short distance below intake before station was established. 
-Note.— Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kavnenehune ditch near Waim^a, Kauai, for 1911. 

[T. Mokuahakea, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




.61 
.61 
.60 
.51 
.60 

.51 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 


.90 
1.00 
.81 
.89 
.80 

.80 
.80 
1.10 
.90 
.89 


11 


.41 
.65 
.59 
.52 
.60 

.51 
.54 
.71 
.80 
.44 


.53 

.81 

.76 

1.41 

1.20 

1.10 
1.41 
1.49 
1.61 
1.51 


1.60 
1.10 
1.18 
.81 
1.50 

1.05 
.90 

1.05 
.80 
.80 


21 


.50 
.50 
.40 
.80 
1.20 

.71 
.70 
.70 
.70 
.60 
.61 


1.43 
1.42 
1.40 
.61 
1.62 

1.45 
1.52 
1.40 
1.01 
.90 


.79 


2 




12 


22 


.74 


3 




13 


23 


1.40 


4 




14 


24 


1.15 


5 




15 


25 


.70 


6 




16 


26 


.80 


7 




17 


27 


.80 


8 




18 


28 


.70 


9 


.51 

.42 


19 


29 


1.10 


10 


20 


30 


.90 






31 


.74 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kamenehune ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for 1911. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.0 
1.2 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 


2.0 
2.3 
1.8 
2.0 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
2.7 
2.0 
2:0 


11 


.7 
1.4 
1.2 
1.0 
1.2 

1.0 
1.1 

1.5 
1.8 

.8 


1.1 
1.8 
1.7 
3.6 
3.0 

2.7 
3.6 
3.9 
4.2 
3.9 


4.2 
2.7 
2.9 
1.8 
3.9 

2.5 
2.0 
2.5 
1.8 
1.8 


21 


1.0 
1.0 
.7 
1.8 
3.0 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.2 
1.2 


3.7 
3.6 
3.6 
1.2 
4.2 

3.8 
3.9 
3.6 
2.3 
2.0 


1.8 


2 




12 


22 


1.6 


3 




13 


23 


3.6 


4 




14 


24 


2.8 


5 




15 


25 


1.5 


6 




16 


26 


1.8 


7 




17 


27 


1.8 


8". 




18 


28 


1.5 


9 


1.0 

.7 


19 


29 


2.7 


10 


20 


30 


2.0 






31 


1.6 









Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. This diversion is above 
the gaging station on Waimea River. 

Monthly discharge of Kamenehune ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for Oct. 9 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Ma:simum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


October 9-31 


3.0 
4.2 
4.2 


0.7 
1.0 
1.5 


1.27 
2.41 
2.23 


57.9 
143 
137 


C. 


November 


C. 


December 


C. 







70 WATEE BESOUBCES OF HAWAII. 

MAKAWELI RIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Makaweli River drains a long narrow basin in private ownership, 
occupying the western slope of Waialeale and lying south of Waimea 
basin. It is about 12 miles long and 25 to 30 square mUes in area. 
The upper part of the basin, where the rainfall is greatest, is nearly 
4 miles wide, but the lower part is hardly more than a mile wide. 

MakaweH River proper is only a few miles long. It is the product 
of three separate streams or branches, which are called Olokele, 
Kahana, and Makuone. The Olokele, the largest and most important, 
reaches back to the summits of Waialeale and KawaiMni, where the 
rainfall is probably as much as 400 inches a year. Its deep canyon 
extends far back into the mountain and is remarkably beautiful. 
The other two streams are farther northwest, rise at lower altitudes 
and receive less rainfall. Their canyons are shorter and less acces- 
sible. Below the junction of its three branches the Makaweli runs 
through a canyon vaUey similar to the Waimea valley. Makaweli 
and Waimea rivers unite practically at sea level about a mile from 
the sea. 

The principal diversion from Makaweli basin is Olokele ditch, 
which takes water from the south side of Olokele Stream at 1,477 
feet elevation. Poowaiomahaihai ditch diverts water a short distance 
above the mouth of Makaweli River for irrigation on the east side of 
the valley below. Other small ditches divert water for taro and rice. 

Gaging stations are maintained on Makaweli River near its mouth 
and on Olokele and Poowaiomahaihai ditches. 

MAKAWELI RIVER NEAR WAIMEA, EAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on Makaweli River about half a 
mile above its mouth and 2 miles from Waimea, October 6, 1911. 
The river at this point is straight and swift. 

The equipment consists of a staff gage on the right bank, graduated 
ill tenths of feet, and a wire suspension bridge 102 feet long. The 
banks are low and subj ect to overflow, but there is only one channel 
at all stages. The extreme range of stage is about 6 or 7 feet. 

This station is below aU diversions, and the discharge here repre- 
sents the water going to sea through Makaweli River. 

Discharge measurements of Makaweli River near Waimea, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 15 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
63 
14 


Sq.ft. 
U6 
15.4 


Feet. 
4.12 
3.22 


Sec.-ft. 
110 


Oct. 27 


do 


9.7 









Note.— An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. Measure- 
ments made by wading at varioiis sectiooB. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Makaweli Rvver near Waimea, Kauai, for 1911. 
[Taguchl Ametaro, observer.] 



71 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






3.28 
3.26 
3.27 
3.28 
3.26 

3.40 
3.30 
3.28 
3.40 
3.50 

4.50 
3.40 
3.46 
3.57 
4.56 


3.30 
3.27 
3.28 
3.27 
3.20 

4.00 
3.52 
5.00 
5.60 
3.60 

4.00 
3.50 
3.32 
3.50 
4.50 


16 




3.20 
3.28 
3.26 
3.12 
3.20 

3.25 
3.25 
3.32 
3.85 
3.37 

3.26 
3.27 
3. 26 
3.27 
3.22 
3.26 


4.00 
4.78 
4.87 
4.50 
4.00 

3.86 
3.82 
3.56 
3.97 
3.48 

3.46 
3.42 
3.36 
3.32 
3.30 


3.78 


2 






17 




3.50 


3 






18 




3.38 


4 






19 




3.32 


5 






20 




3.30 


6 




3.35 
3.40 
3.32 
3.33 
3.32 

3.22 
3.25 
3.30 
3.22 
3.22 


21 




3.40 


7 




22 




3.35 


8 




23 




3.38 


9 




24 




3.38 


10 




25 




3.32 


11 




26 




3.30 


12 




27 




3.28 


13 




28 




3.25 


14 




29 




3.80 


15 


4.20 


30 




3.30 




31 




3.32 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Makaweli River near Waimea, KavAxi,for 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






12 
11 
12 

12 
11 

. 19 
13 
12 
19 
26 

200 
19 
23 
32 

216 


13 
12 
12 
12 
8.2 

86 

28 
341 
520 

34 

86 
26 
14 
26 
200 


16 




8.2 
12 
11 

5.4 

8.2 

11 
11 
14 
63 
17 

11 
12 
11 
12 
9.2 
11 


86 
277 
303 
200 

86 

64 
59 
31 
81 
25 

23 
20 
17 
14 
13 


54 


2 






17 




26 


3 






18 




18 


4 






19 




14 


5 






20 




13 


6 




16 
19 
14 
15 
14 

9.2 

11 

13 
9.2 
9.2 


21 




19 


7 




22 




16 


8 




23 




18 


9 




24 




18 


10 




25 




14 


11 




26 




13 


12 




27 




12 


13 




28 




11 


14 




29 




56 


15 


125 


30 




13 




31 




14 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined below 120 second-feet. The 
table shows the amount of water passing into the sea below all diversions. 

Monthly discharge of Makaweli River near Waimea, Kauai, for Oct. 6 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


October 6-31 


63 
303 
520 


5.4 
11 
8.2 


13.7 
64.5 
56.4 


707 
3,840 
3,470 


B. 




C. 


December .' 


C. 







OLOKELE DITCH AT TUNNEL NO. 12, NEAR MAKAWELI, KAUAI. 

Olokele ditcli diverts water from the south side of Olokele Stream 
at elevation of 1,477 feet. The water is carried along the south side 
of Olokele Canyon through practically continuous tunnel for 5 or 6 
miles, and then on to the upper cane fields of the plantation of the 
Hawaiian Sugar Co., at Makaweli. 



72 



WATEE EESOUBCES OF HAW AH. 



The Hawaiian Sugar Co. keeps a daily gage-height record at a gage 
in an open masonry section of the ditch at tunnel No. 12, about 2 
miles below the intake, and has furnished the records to the Geological 
Survey. These gage heights have been used to make an estimate of 
the flow at this point by means of a rating determined by a few 
measurements made at medium stages. The results, however, are 
probably very good. 

Discharge vfieasurements ofOlohele ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Mdkaweli, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Feb. 16 




Feet. 


Sq.ft. 
20.1 


Feet. 
2.63 


Sec.-ft. 
65 











Note. — Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Mdkaweli, Kauai, for 

1910-11. 

[Hawaiian Sugar Co., observer. ] 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.5 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.5 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
3.0 
3.5 

3.0 
2.6 
3.0 
2.8 
2.5 
2.5 

2.0 
2.0 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

3.2 
2.5 
1.5 
1.0 
1.0 


2.8 
2.5 
2.8 
2.5 
2.5 

2.4 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.5 

2.6 
3.2 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 

2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.6 
2.3 
2.2 

2.3 
2.0 
2.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
3.0 


2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
3.5 
3.3 

3.0 
3.5 
2.5 
2.3 
2.3 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.4 
3.5 

3.7 
3.1 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.4 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.5 

1.6 
1.5 
2.4 
3.0 
2.7 

2.6 
2.8 
2.6 
1.5 
2.0 


3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
2.8 
3.4 

2.5 
3.4 
3.3 
2.6 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.7 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
3.5 
3.0 
3.0 
3.5 

3.3 
2.8 
2.0 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.0 

3.5 
2.6 
2.5 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 


2.4 
3.5 
2.5 
3.5 
2.9 

2.9 
3.5 
2.7 
2.9 
2.7 

2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 

3.5 
2.8 
2.6 
2.0 
3.1 

2.9 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 

2.3 

2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
3.4 
3.3 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.6 
3.2 
3.5 
2.8 


3.3 
3.5 
3.5 
2.6 
3.5 

3.0 
2.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 

2.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
2.6 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
2.8 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
2.7 
2.7 
3.0 
3.2 

3.4 
3.5 
3.0 
3.3 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.0 
2.9 


2.8 
3.1 
3.1 
3.5 
3.1 

2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
3.5 
3.5 
2.7 
2.8 

2.5 
2.4 
2.3 
2.6 
3.5 

2.8 
2.7 
2.6 
3.0 
2.6 

2.7 
3.5 
3.5 
2.8 
2.6 
3.5 

3.0 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.0 
2.8 
2.6 
3.5 


2.8 
2.5 
2.9 
3.2 
3.5 

3.5 

3.0 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.5 
2.6 
2.4 
3.1 
2.5 

2.6 
2.4 
2.5 

2.7 
2.4 

3.5 
3.0 
2.5 
2.4 
3.5 

3.5 
2.7 
3.0 
2.7 
2.5 
2.4 

2.4 
2.5 
3.5 
2.5 
2.4 

2.4 
2.3 
2.5 
2.5 
3.2 


2.4 
2.3 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 

2.7 
2.4 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 

2.8 
2.5 
2.4 
2.3 

2.8 

2.9 
2.9 
2.4 
3.3 
3.2 

3.0 
3.5 
3.5 
2.7 
2.7 

2.9 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.9 

3.5 
3.5 

2.8 
3.5 
3.5 


3.5 
2.9 
2.9 
2.5 
2.6 

2.4 
2.5 
3.5 
3.1 
3.2 

2.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.2 
2.6 

2.7 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
2.4 

2.4 
2.8 
3.5 
2.9 
2.4 

2.3 
3.5 
3.5 
2.8 
2.6 
3.5 

3.5 
2.9 
2.8 
3.5 
3.3 

2.7 
3.5 
3.1 

2.6 
2.6 


2.4 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.3 
2.0 

1.5 
1.5 
2.5 
2.0 
2.4 

2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.6 
2.4 

2.3 
2.3 
2.6 

2.8 
3.5 

3.5 
3.3 
2.5 
3.5 
3.0 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 
3.5 

2.9 
2.9 
2.4 
3.1 
3.6 


3.4 


2 


3.3 


3 


2.9 


4 


2.4 


5 


2.4 


6 


2.4 


7 


3.1 


8 


2.4 


9 


2.9 


10 


2.5 


11 


2.3 


12 


2.3 


13 


2.2 


14. 


2.2 


15 


2.2 


16 


2.1 


17 


2.1 


18 


2.1 


19 


2.1 


20 


2.1 


21 


2.1 


22 


2.1 


23 


3.5 


24 


3.5 


25 


3.5 


26 


2.9 


27 


3.5 


28 


3.1 


29 


2.6 


30 


3.5 


81 


2.0 


1911. 
1 


2.4 


2 


2.4 


3 


2.4 


4 


2.6 


6 


2.5 


6 


3.5 


7 


2.9 


8 


3.5 


9 


3.6 


10 


3.5 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



73 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 

1910-11— Continued. 



12, near Makaweli, Kauai, for 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
11 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.8 
1.8 
2.0 
2.0 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.5 
2.5 

2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
3.0 
3.4 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


2.0 
2.0 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.9 
1.3 
1.8 
2.0 

2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.7 
2.8 
2.9 


2.5 

3.0 

.2 

.7 
2.5 

2.5 
3.5 
3.2 
3.2 
3.5 

3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.0 
3.0 

3.1 
3.5 
3.5 
3.2 
2.8 


3.5 
3.2 
2.6 
2.5 
3.0 

3.5 
2.9 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.5 
3.0 
3.5 
2.9 
2.5 

2.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.5 


2.6 
2.8 
3.5 
3.4 
3.5 

2.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.5 
2.9 

3.2 
3.0 
2.8 
3.3 
3.5 

3.2 
3.5 
3.5 
2.9 
3.5 


3.0 
2.8 
2.6 
3.0 
2.5 

2.5 
3.0 
2.6 
2.4 
3.5 

2.8 
3.0 
2.8 
2.6 
2.5 

2.4 
2.5 
3.5 
3.0 
2.5 
2.4 


2.6 
2.8 
2.7 
3.5 
2.9 

3.1 
3.5 
3.5 
2.6 
3.5 

2.8 
2.5 
2.4 
2.9 
2.5 

2.5 
3.5 
2.6 
2.3 
2.7 
2.6 


3.5 
3.5 
3.0 
2.9 
3.5 

3.1 
3.5 
3.5 
3.0 
3.5 

3.5 

3.5 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.1 
3.5 


2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.5 
2.5 

2.4 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.4 
3.5 

2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.5 


3.5 
3.0 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.0 
3.0 
2.7 

2.8 
2.7 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 


3.5 


12 


3.5 


13 


3.5 


14 


3.3 


15 


3.6 


16 


3.5 


17 


3.5 


18 


3.5 


19 


3.2 


20 


2.8 


21 

22 


2.9 

2.7 


23 


2.8 


24 


2.6 


25 


2.5 


26 


2.5 


27 


2.4 


28 


2.4 


29 


3.5 


30 


2.9 


31 


2.4 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Makaiveli, Kauai, 

for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


43 
43 
43 
43 
43 

43 
43 
43 
43 
60 

43 
43 
43 
28 
43 

43 
43 
43 
43 
43 

43 
43 
43 
80 
100 

80 
64 
80 
72 
60 
60 


72 
60 
72 
60 
60 

56 
52 
62 
62 
60 

64 
88 
66 
66 
62 

52 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
64 
52 
49 

52 
43 
60 


60 
60 
64 
100 
92 

80 
100 
60 
52 
62 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
46 
56 
100 

108 
84 
100 
100 
100 

100 
96 

100 

100 
96 

100 


100 
100 
100 
72 
96 

60 
96 
92 
64 
56 

56 
56 
68 
52 
62 

52 
100 
80 
80 
100 

92 
72 
43 
100 
100 

100 
80 

100 
64 
60 


56 
100 

60 
100 

76 

76 
100 
68 
76 
68 

60 
60 
56 
56 
52 

100 
72 
64 
43 
84 

76 
60 
56 
56 
52 

52 
52 
49 
49 
96 
92 


92 
100 
100 

64 
100 

80 
64 
100 
100 
96 

64 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 
64 
100 

100 
100 
72 
80 
80 

80 
68 
68 
80 

88 


72 
84 
84 
100 
84 

68 
64 
60 
56 
56 

56 
100 
100 
68 
72 

60 
66 
62 
64 
100 

72 
68 
64 
80 
64 

68 
100 
100 
72 
64 
100 


72 
60 
76 
88 
100 

100 
80 
64 
68 
68 

60 
64 
-66 
84 
60 

64 
66 
60 
68 
56 

100 
80 
60 
56 

100 

100 
68 
80 
68 
60 
66 


56 
52 
100 
96 
96 

68 
66 
60 
60 
66 

66 
66 
64 
64 
60 

72 
60 
56 
52 
72 

76 
76 
66 
92 

88 

80 
100 
100 

68 
68 


100 
76 
76 
60 
64 

66 
60 
100 

84 
88 

64 
100 
100 
88 
64 

W 
6(» 
56 
52 
56 

56 

72 
100 
76 
56 

52 
100 
100 
72 
64 
100 


56 
16 
16 
15 

28 

28 
28 
28 
22 
43 

28 
28 
60 
43 
56 

52 
52 
52 
64 
66 

62 
62 
64 
72 
100 

100 
92 
60 

100 
80 


96 


2 


92 


3 


76 


4 


66 


5 


56 


6 


56 


7 


84 


8 


66 


9 


76 


10 


60 


11 


62 


12 


62 


13- 


49 


14. 


49 


15 


49 


16 


46 


17 


46 


18 


46 


19 


46 


20 


46 


21 


46 


22 


46 


23 


100 


24 


100 


25 


100 


26 


76 


27... 


100 


28 


84 


29 


64 


30 


100 


31 


43 



74 



WATER BESOUBCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Olokele ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Mdkaweli, Kauai, 

for J9i0-i J— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


43 
43 

52 
52 
62 

88 
60 
28 
15 
15 

28 
28 
28 
28 
28 

28 
28 
28 
28 
28 

37 
37 
43 
43 

28 

28 
28 
28 
28 
28 
28 


28 
28 
28 
28 
28 

43 
43 
43 
43 
80 

80 
80 
80 
60 
60 

68 
64 
60 
60 
60 

60 
60 
64 
80 
96 

28 
28 
28 


28 
28 
56 
80 
68 

64 
72 
64 
28 
43 

43 
43 
68 
64 
64 

68 
76 
22 
37 
43 

43 
43 
43 
43 
43 

43 
43 
43 

68 
72 
76 


68 
64 
64 
64 
60 

60 
60 
60 
60 
60 

60 

80 
2.1 
9.4 

60 

60 
100 

88 
88 
100 

100 
100 
100 

80 

80 

84 
100 
100 

88 
72 


04 
64 
64 
80 
80 

72 
64 
88 
100 
72 

100 

88 
64 
60 
80 

100 
76 
68 
68 
64 

60 
80 
100 
76 
60 

60 
100 
100 
100 

96 
100 


96 
100 
80 
92 
100 

100 
100 
100 
80 
76 

64 

72 
100 

96 
100 

72 
68 
68 
60 
76 

88 
80 
72 
72 
100 

88 
100 
100 

76 
100 


SO 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
80 
72 
64 

100 

80 
72 
64 
80 
60 

60 
80 
64 
56 
100 

72 
80 
72 
64 
60 

56 
60 
100 
80 
60 
56 


56 
60 
100 
60 
56 

56 
52 
60 
60 
88 

64 
72 
68 
100 
76 

84 
100 
100 

64 
100 

72 
60 
66 
76 
60 

60 
100 
60 
52 
68 
64 


76 
56 
56 
56 

76 

100 
100 
72 
100 
100 

100 
100 
80 
76 
100 

84 
100 
100 

SO 
100 

100 
100 
43 
43 
43 

43 
80 
84 
84 
100 


100 
76 
72 

100 
92 

68 
100 
84 
64 
64 

60 
60 
56 
60 
60 

56 
60 
60 
56 
52 

52 
52 
52 
56 
100 

60 
56 
56 
56 
56 
60 


56 
56 
56 
52 
100 

76 
76 
56 
84 
100 

100 
80 
100 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
100 
80 
80 
68 

72 
68 
64 
60 
66 


66 


2 


66 


3 


66 


4 


64 


5 


60 


6 


ICO 


7:.:::::::::::.. 


76 


8 


100 


9 


100 


10 


100 


11 


100 


12 


100 


13 


100 


14 


92 


15 


100 


16 


100 


17 


100 


18 


100 


19 


88 


20 


72 


21 


76 


22 


68 


23 


72 


24 


64 


25 


60 


26 


60 


27 


56 


28 


56 


29 


100 


30 


76 


31 


66 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 
Monthly discharge of OloheU ditch at tunnel No. 12, near Makaweli, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

M:ay 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



108 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 



51.2 
56.4 
75.8 
78.1 
68.3 
88.0 
74.5 
72.0 
70.5 
74.7 
51.4 
66.1 



3,150 
3,130 
4,660 
4,650 
4,200 
6,240 
4,680 
4,430 
4,200 
4,590 
3,060 
4,060 



108 



69.0 



50,000 



96 
80 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 



15 
28 
28 
2.1 
60 
60 
56 
52 
43 
52 
52 
56 



35.0 
53.9 
52.2 
72.4 
79.0 
86.6 
76.5 
71.1 
81.1 
66.3 
81.3 
79.5 



2,150 
2,990 
3,210 
4,310 
4,860 
6,150 
4,700 
4,370 
4,830 
4,080 
4,840 
4,890 



100 



69.6 



60,400 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



76 



POOWAIOMAHAIHAI DITCH NEAR WAIMEA, KAUAI. 

Poowaiomaliailiai ditch diverts water from the east bank of 
Makaweli River only a short distance above the gaging station on 
the river. It is probably an ancient auwai, or old taro ditch, but is 
now used for irrigating cane on the east side of lower Waimea River. 

A gaging station was estabUshed on this ditch 250 feet below the 
intake October 27, 1911. A staff gage graduated in tenths of feet 
and a board footbridge for use in making measurements constitute 
the equipment. 

Discharge measurements of Poowaiomahmhai ditch near Waimea, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 27 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
9.5 


Sq.ft. 
3.39 


Feet. 
0.99 


Sec.-ft. 
5.1 









Note. — Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Poowaiomahmhai ditch near Waim£a, Kauai, for 1911. 
[Taguchi Ametaro, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.05 


1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.5 
1.2 

1.7 
1.0 
1.4 


11 




1.1 

1.0 

1.0 

1.05 

1.1 

1.05 

1.1 

1.1 

1.05 

1.05 


1.5 
1.3 
1.2 
1.7 
1.9 

1.5 
1.3 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 


21 




1.05 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 


1.2 


2 




12 




22 




1.1 


3 




13 




23 




1.2 


4 




14 




24 




1.2 


5 




15 




25 




1.15 


6 




16 




26 




1.15 


7 




17 




27..". 


1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 


1.1 


8 




18 




28 


1.1 


9 




19 




29 


1.3 


10 




20 




30 


1.1 










31 


1.15 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Poowaiomahaihai ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for 1911. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
6.8 


8.4 
8.4 
8.4 
8.4 
8.4 

29 
13 
39 
5.4 
23 


11 




8.4 
5.4 
5.4 
6.8 
8.4 

6.8 
8.4 
8.4 
6.8 
6.8 


29 
18 
13 
39 
49 

29 

18 

13 
8.4 
8.4 


21 




6.8 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
8.4 
8.4 
8.4 
8.4 


13 


2 .. .. 




12 




22 




8.4 


3 




13 




23 




13 


4 




14 




24 




13 


5 




15 




25 




10 


6 




16 




26 




10 


7... 




17 




27 


5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 


8.4 


8 




18 




28 


8.4 


9 




19 




29 


18 


10... 




20 




30 


8.4 










31 


10 









Note. — Daily discharge coniputed from a rating curve that is poorly defined, 
amount of water tskken from Makaweli Biver just above the station on the liver. 



The table shows the 



76 



WATEE KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Poowaiomahaihai ditch near Waimea, Kauai, for Oct. 27 to Dec. SI, 

1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-fset. 


Rim-ofl 

(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


October 27-31 


5.4 
8.4 
49 


5.4 
5.4 
5.4 


5.40 
6.48 
16.0 


53.6 
386 
984 


C. 


November 


C. 


December 


D. 







HANAPEPE RIVER BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 

Hanapepe River drains a long narrow basin in Government owner- 
ship reaching from Hanapepe Bay to Kawaikini, the highest point 
of the island. The upper part of the basin lies east of Olokele basin 
and west of the main divide which separates it from South WaUua 
basin on the east. The principal water-producing area of Hanapepe 
basin, however, lies north of Manuahi Stream, which is tributary to 
the Hanapepe from the west at Koula. This upper area is diamond- 
shaped, its width being 2J miles and its length 4J miles. The main 
stream follows the long diagonal southward. Below Hanapepe 
Falls, which are about 8 miles above the mouth and 5 miles below 
the source, the course of the stream is through a deep canyon for 
several nules. Farther down, however, the canyon decreases in 
depth and increases in bottom width, thus forming Hanapepe Gulch 
and valley. 

Hanapepe River is formed by two principal branches which unite 
just below Hanapepe Falls (Manawaiopuna, as called by the natives). 
The west branch is considerably the larger, and is called Hiloa 
Stream. The east branch seems to have no special name among the 
natives, but in this report it has been designated Hanapepe Stream 
on account of Hanapepe FaUs, which are formed by it. The lower 
main fall is about 360 feet high, and is the highest and most beautiful 
waterfall on the island. 

The rainfall in the upper Hanapepe basin is very heavy. A rain 
gage placed August 24, 1910, on the Hiloa-Hanapepe Ridge at eleva- 
tion of 2,080 feet, registered 74 inches to the end of 1910 and 249 inches 
during 1911, or an average of 0.65 inch a day for the whole period. 

Water for cane irrigation is diverted from Hanapepe River and tribu- 
taries at elevation of 520 feet through Hanapepe ditch. Numerous 
other small ditches take out water for rice and taro irrigation in the 
vaUey between Koula and the sea, a distance of 5 or 6 nules, 

Gaguig stations have been placed on the Hanapepe and Hiloa streams 
at the ditch intakes just below the falls, and on the main stream at 
Koula, also on Hanapepe and Hiloa ditches near the intakes and on 
the main ditch below the siphon at Koula. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



77 



HANAPEPE RIVER AT HANAPEPE FALLS, NEAR ELEELE, KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on Hanapepe River November 
22, 1911, at the intake of the ditch which heads in the pool at the 
foot of Hanapepe Falls. 

The gage is graduated in tenths of feet and is bolted to the stone 
abutment on the west side of the ditch, so that its zero is about level 
with the crest of the dam. The dam is 75 feet long, 3 feet wide at 
the crest, and about 4 feet high. The crest of the dam is smooth and 
measurements are made on the crest by wading. To the flow over 
the dam must be added the flow in the ditch in order to get the 
total quantity passing over Hanapepe Falls. 

Disehargc measurements ofHana'pepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 22a 


W.V.Hardy. .. 


Feet. 
70 


Sq.ft. 
11.8 


Feet. 
0.24 


Sec.-ft. 
11.4 









o Measurement made by wading on crest of dam. The zero of the gage is about one-tenth of a foot below 
the average level of the crest. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for 

1911. 

[S. W. Holmer, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.5 
2 

!65 
.0 
.0 


11 




.8 
.3 
.1 
.2 
.2 

.3 
.0 
.0 
.3 
.1 


21 




.0 


2 




12 




22 


0.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


.0 


3 




13 




23 


.0 


4 




14 




24 


.0 


5 . ... 




15 




25 


.0 


6 




16 




26 


.0 


7 




17 




27 


.0 


8 




18 




28 


.0 


9 • 




19 




29 


.0 


10 




20 




30 


.0 










31 


.0 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanapepe River at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

52 
7.0 

83 
.0 
.0 


11 




119 
19 

.4 
7.0 
7.0 

19 
.0 
.0 

19 
.4 


21 




0.0 


2 




12 




22 


7.0 
7.0 
7.0 
7.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


.0 


3 




13 




23 


.0 


4... 




14 




24 


.0 


5 




15 




25 


.0 


6 ... . 




16 




26 


.0 


7 




17 




27 


.0 


8 




IS 




28 


.0 


9 




19 




29 


.0 


10 




20 




30 


.0 










31 


.0 











Note. — DaUy discharge determined by one measurement on the crest of the dam, which is 3 feet wide 
and 75 feet long, and a curve for a broad-crested weir. The table shows the amount of water passing over 
Hanapepe Falls and not taken by Hanapepe ditch. 



78 



WATEE RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



HANAPEPE EIVEE AT KOULA, NEAR ELEELE, KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on Hanapepe River at Konla 
August 18, 1910. This station is at the second ford about half a mile 
above the siphon at Koula. 

The equipment consists of an inclined staff gage and Friez clock 
register for obtaining gage heights, with a cable and car for use in 
making high-water measurements. Low-water measurements must 
be made by wading on account of the sluggish current imder the cable 
which is intended for use in only high or moderate stages. 

The bottom of the stream consists of bowlders above and below the 
station, but the section seems to be permanent. There is, however 
some probability of change at the ford below the station which may 
affect the section above. 

The stream is about 40 feet wide at low water, and its maximimi 
range of stage is 6 to 8 feet. 

The flow at this point is exclusive of the amount taken by Hanapepe 
ditch 2 or 3 miles above. To obtain total discharge of river add flow 
of ditch at Koula. 

Discharge measurements of Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 
Aug. 18a 
Sept. 29i> 

1911. 
Feb. lib 
May la 
Nov. 23a 



Martin and Schnack 
Martin and Pierce.. . 

Martin and Hoyt. . . 

W. F. Martin 

W.V.Hardy 



Feet. 
35.1 
53 



Sq.ft. 
30.4 
234 



252 
83 
58 



Feet. 
1.02 
1.77 



1.82 
1.27 
1.38 



Sec.-ft. 
14. J 

78 



93 

22.8 

42.3 



o Measurement made by wading below the cable. 
b Measurement made from cable. 

Note. — An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai, for 1910-11. 

[S. W. Holmer, observer.] 



Day. 



Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 



1.1 

1.1 

1.15 

1.4 

1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.2 
1.1 

1.05 

1.45 

1.5 

1.15 

1.75 



1.35 

1.2 

1.2 

1.3 

1.15 

1.1 

1.15 

1.8 

1.5 

1.3 

1.15 

2.30 

3.0 

2.0 

1.5 



2.20 

3.6 

2.35 

2.45 

2.4 

1.95 
2.0 
1.95 
1.9 
2.55 

2.6 
2.0 
1.7 
1.3 
1.2 



1.2 

1.15 

1.1 

1.1 

1.05 

1.05 

1.0 

1.0 

1.1 

1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 



Day. 



1910. 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec 



1.0 
1.1 

1.1 

1.05 

2.35 

2.2 

1.5 

1.2 

1.15 

2.4 

1.65 
1.7 
1.4 
1.35 
1.15 
1.1 



1.35 

1.15 

1.1 

1.2 

1.15 

1.9 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.5 
1.5 
2.0 
1.5 
1.55 



1.3 

1.2 

1.15 

1.3 

1.15 

1.1 

1.15 

1.45 

1.15 

1.1 

1.15 

2.50 

2.90 

1.7 

1.4 

1.25 



1.15 

1.25 

1.3 

1.35 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.3 
1.55 

2.2 

1.8 
1.2 
1.3 
1.2 



1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.05 
1.6 
3.35 
4.10 

3.65 

2.3 

1.7 

1.8 

2.70 

2.05 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



79 



Daily gage height, infect, of Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai, for 1910-11- 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.95 
1.7 
1.2 
1.2 
1.25 

1.25 

1.8 

2.65 

2.3 

3.1 

3.3 

4.15 

3.5 

2.5 

2.1 

2.0 
3.65 
2.4 
2.6 
2.1 

1.95 

1.95 

1.9 

3.15 

3.15 

2.35 
2.65 
4.05 
2.45 
2.20 
3.35 


3.9 
2.9 
2.4 
2.4 
2.15 

3.05 

2.6 

2.3 

2.45 

3.1 

2.6 

2.5 

2.15 

2.05 

1.95 

1.9 
1.9 
1.6 
1.35 
1.35 

1.5 
1.6 
1.7 
2.0 

1.8 

2.7 
1.95 
1.8 


1.8 
1.8 
1.75 
1.65 
1.6 

1.6 

1.7 

2.3 

1.95 

1.85 

1.8 

1.75 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.6 

1.65 
1.7 
1.8 
1.7 

1.65 
1.55 
1.6 
1.55 
2.65 

2.5 

2.05 

1.95 

1.9 

1.75 

1.65 


1.6 

1.6 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.45 

1.45 

1.4 

1.4 

1.3 
1.4 
1.6 
1.5 
1.25 

1.2 
1.8 
1.7 
2.05 
2.05 

3.0 
2.2 

2.5 

2.15 

1.65 

1.45 

2.4 

2.0 

1.6 

1.4 




1.3 

1.2 

1.3 

1.25 

1.25 

1.15 

1.2 

1.2 

1.3 

1.1 

1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.3 

1.55 
1.4 
1.25 
1.15 
1.2 

2.05 
1.7 
2.0 
1.35 
1.15 

1.1 
1.3 
2.2 
2.5 
2.2 
2.3 


1.9 

2.1 

2.15 

1.95 

1.6 

2.05 
2.4 
2.1 

1.6 
1.45 

1.5 

1.35 

2.4 

2.15 

1.85 

1.5 

1.6 

1.35 

1.35 

1.4 

2.4 
1.7 
1.9 
1.7 
2.1 

2.2 

1.9 

1.95 

2.1 

2.0 


1.65 
1.6 
1.6 
2.05 
1.6 

2.05 

1.5 

1.4 

1.35 

1.8 

1.55 
1.45 
1.35 
1.4 
1.25 

1.2 
1.35 
1.2 
1.35 
1.55 

1.65 

1.4 

1.3 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1 
2.4 
2.4 
1.8 
1.4 
1.25 


1.2 
1.15 
1.5 

1.15 
1.1 

1.1 

1.15 

1.2 

1.1 

1.4 

1.1 
2.1 
1.5 
1.7 
1.4 

1.3 

1.65 
1.7 
1.8 
1.95 

1.4 
1.2 
1.15 

1.15 
1.1 

1.25 

1.4 

1.1 

1.1 

1.3 

1.5 


1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.3 

1.5 
1.3 
1.1 
1.5 
2.1 

2.4 

2.5 

1.5 

1.45 

2.2 

1.6 
2.6 
2.6 
1.7 
2.45 

3.4 
3.4 
2.6 
4.8 
2.6 

3.2 
2.5 
2.0 
1.7 
1.9 


1.9 
1.6 
1.95 
2.2 
1.7 

1.6 

1.6 

1.5 

1.35 

1.3 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.15 
1.15 

1.15 

1.15 

1.1 

1.1 

1.1 

1.1 

1.05 

1.1 

1.3 

1.0 

1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.05 
1.05 


1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.3 

1.15 

1.15 

1.3 

1.55 

1.5 

1.4 

1.15 

1.95 

2.1 

2.2 

1.7 

2.2 

2.35 

2.3 

1.75 

1.75 

1.55 

1.35 

1.3 

1.45 

1.3 

1.75 

1.1 

1.1 

1.1 


1.1 


2 


1.1 


3 


1.1 


4... 


1.1 


S 


1.1 


6 


1.95 


7 


1.35 


8 


1.5 


9 


4.0 


10 


2.0 


11 


2.5 


12 


2.1 


13 


1.8 


14 


1.75 


15 


1.3 




2.5 


17 


1.7 


18 


1.8 


19 


1.65 


20 


1.5 




1.4 


22 


1.35 


23 


1.2 


24 


1.2 




1.15 


26 


1.1 


27 


1.1 




1.1 


29 


1.4 


30 


1.4 


31 


1.1 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai, for 1910-11, 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




18 
18 
21 
38 
18 

18 
18 
18 
24 
18 

16 
43 
48 
21 
79 


34 

24 
24 
30 
21 

18 
21 
86 
48 
30 

21 
ISO 
320 
120 

48 


160 
452 
190 
210 
200 

111 
120 
111 
102 
230 

240 
120 
72 
30 
24 


24 
21 
18 
18 
16 

16 
14 
14 
18 
14 

14 
14 
14 
14 
14 


1910. 
16 


14 
18 
18 
16 
190 

160 
48 
24 
21 

200 

66 
72 
38 
34 
21 
18 


34 
21 
18 
24 
21 

102 
72 
60 
60 
60 

48 
48 
120 
48 
54 


30 
24 
21 
30 
21 

18 
21 
43 
21 
18 

21 

220 
300 

72 
38 
27 


21 
27 
30 
34 
24 

24 
24 
38 
30 
54 

160 
86 
24 
30 

24 


14 


2 




17 


14 


3 




18 


14 


4 




19 


14 


5 




20 


14 


6 




21 


14 


7 




22 


16 


8 




23 


60 


9 




24 


397 


10 .- 




25 


563 


11 




26 


463 


12 




27 


180 


13 




28 


72 


14 




29 


86 


15 




30 


260 






31 


130 









80 



WATEK EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanapepe River near Eleele, Kauai, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jiine. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Ill 


518 


86 


60 


30 


102 


66 


24 


24 


102 


14 


72 


300 


86 


60 


24 


140 


60 


21 


18 


60 


14 


24 


200 


79 


54 


30 


150 


60 


48 


18 


111 


14 


24 


200 


66 


48 


27 


111 


130 


21 


18 


160 


14 


27 


150 


60 


48 


27 


60 


60 


18 


30 


72 


30 


27 


331 


60 


48 


21 


130 


130 


18 


48 


60 


21 


86 


240 


72 


43 


24 


200 


48 


21 


30 


60 


21 


250 


180 


180 


43 


24 


140 


38 


24 


18 


48 


30 


180 


210 


111 


38 


30 


60 


34 


18 


48 


34 


54 


342 


342 


94 


38 


18 


43 


86 


38 


140 


30 


48 


386 


240 


86 


30 


24 


48 


54 


18 


200 


24 


38 


574 


220 


79 


38 


24 


34 


43 


140 


220 


24 


21 


430 


150 


54 


60 


18 


200 


34 


48 


48 


24 


111 


220 


130 


48 


48 


18 


150 


38 


72 


42 


21 


140 


140 


111 


48 


27 


30 


94 


27 


38 


160 


21 


160 


120 


102 


60 


24 


54 


48 


24 


30 


60 


21 


72 


463 


102 


66 


86 


38 


^ 


34 


66 


240 


21 


160 


200 


60 


72 


72 


27 


34 


24 


72 


240 


18 


190 


240 


34 


86 


130 


21 


34 


34 


86 


72 


18 


180 


140 


34 


72 


130 


24 


38 


54 


111 


210 


18 


79 


111 


48 


66 


320 


130 


200 


66 


38 


408 


18 


79 


111 


60 


54 


160 


72 


72 


38 


24 


408 


16 


54 


102 


72 


60 


220 


120 


102 


30 


21 


240 


18 


34 


353 


120 


54 


150 


34 


72 


24 


21 


724 


30 


30 


353 


86 


250 


66 


21 


140 


21 


18 


240 


14 


43 


190 


260 


220 


43 


18 


160 


18 


27 


364 


14 


30 


250 


111 


130 


200 


30 


102 


200 


38 


220 


14 


79 


552 


86 


111 


120 


160 


111 


200 


18 


120 


14 


18 


210 




102 


60 


220 


140 


86 


18 


72 


14 


18 


160 




79 


38 


160 


120 


38 


30 


102 


16 


18 


397 




66 




180 




27 


48 




16 





Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

111 

34 

48 

540 

120 

220 

140 

86 

79 

30 

220 
72 
86 



Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined below 100 second-feet. The 
table does not include the water in Hanapepe ditch. 

Monthly discharge of Hanapepe River at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maxunum. Minimum. Mean, 



Rxm-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

August 16-31 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



200 
120 
320 
452 
560 



574 
518 
247 
320 
218 
203 
201 
141 
725 
160 
186 
540 



59.8 
40.2 
62.9 
100 
82.0 



221 

168 
88.8 
83.5 
54.1 

103 
58.8 
39.8 

158 
36.5 
60.5 
73.5 



94.8 



1,900 
2,390 
3,870 
5,950 
5,040 



13,600 
9,330 
5,460 
4,970 
3,330 
6,130 
3,620 
2,450 
9,400 
2,240 
3,600 
4,520 



68,600 



Note. — The above estimate does not include the water in Hanapepe ditch. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



81 



HANAPEPE DITCH AT HANAPEPE FALLS, NEAR ELEELE, KAUAI. 

Hanapepe ditch takes water from the west side of Hanapepe 
Stream at the foot of Hanapepe Falls (elevation, 520 feet), and unites 
with Hiloa ditch about 600 feet below. It takes all the low-water 
flow of Hanapepe Stream. 

A gaging station was established on this ditch November 22, 1911. 
The gage is in a flume about 400 feet below the intake, and is gradu- 
ated in tenths of feet. Measurements are made from a cross timber 
of the flume about 4 feet above the gage. 

Discharge measurements of Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


^^ idth. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 22 


W.V.Hardy 


Feet. 
5.2 


Sq.ft. 
5.9 


Feet. 
1.15 


Sec.-ft. 
17.5 









Note.— Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, infect, of Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for 

1911. 

[S. W. Holmer, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.05 
1.05 


11 




1.6 
1.4 
1.35 
1.35 
1.4 

1.4 


21 




1.25 


2 




12 




22 


1.2 
1.2 
1.25 
1.2 


1.25 


3 




13 




23 


1.25 


4 




1.1 
1.05 

1.45 
1.2 
1.35 


14 




24 




5 




15 




25 




6 




16 




26 


1.15 


7 




17 




27 


1.15 

• 1.1 

1.1 

1.1 


1.1 


8 




18 






28 


1.1 


9 




19 




1.4 
1.3 


29 


1.15 


10 






20 




30 


1.2 












31 


1.1 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




15 
15 
a 16 
16 
15 

24 

19 

22 

24 

a 26 


11 




28 
23 
22 
22 
23 

23 

123 

23 

23 

21 


21 




20 


2 




12 




22 


19 
19 
20 
19 

a 18 
18 
16 
16 
16 


20 


3 




13 




23 


20 


4 




14 




24 


19 


5 




15 




25 


ol9 


6 




16 




26 


18 


7.. 




17 




27 


16 


8 




18 




28 


16 


9 




19 




29 


18 


10 




20 




30 


19 










31 


16 











a Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— DaOy discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. It shows the quantity of 
water diverted at the foot of Hanapepe Falls. 

74323°— wsp 318—13 6 



82 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Hanapepe ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for Nov. 22 

to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofiE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 




Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 22-30 


20 

28 


16 
15 


17.9 
20.1 


320 
1,240 


C. 




D. 







HANAPEPE DITCH AT KOULA, NEAR ELEELE, KAUAI. 

Hanapepe ditch takes water from the west side of the two branch 
streams at Hanapepe Falls, and from small tributaries on both sides 
farther down. It consists mainly of wooden flume and pipe siphon 
inside the canyon, and crosses the stream four times before emerging 
upon the cane fields of the Hawaiian Sugar Co. on the west side of the 
river. The ditch is on the west side of the river in the upper canyon 
above Koula, and on the east side below. 

The Hawaiian Sugar Co. maintains a gage in the first flume below 
the big siphon at Koula and has furnished the records to the Geolog- 
ical Survey for 1910 and 1911. The Survey has rated the section 
and has used the gage heights to obtain the daily flow. 

This station is about 4 rmles below the intake, and shows the amount 
of water taken from the river above the station at Koula. 



Discharge measurements of Hanapepe ditch at Koula, near Eleele, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Aug. 19 
Sept. 29 

1911. 
May 2 


Martin and Schnack 


Feet. 
4.95 
4.9 

5.05 


Sq.ft. 
14.3 
15.3 

16.0 


Inches. 
34.5 
37.7 

38.2 


Sec.-ft. 
45.0 




52 


W. F. Martin 


53.8 







Note.— An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



83 



Daily gage height, in inches, of Hanapepe ditch at Koula, near Hanapepe, Kauai, for 

1910-11. 



[Hawaiian Sugar Co.] 



Bay. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




18.5 
18.5 
18.5 
18.5 
18.5 

18.5 
18.5 
18.5 
18.5 
18.5 

18.5 
18.5 
18.5 
18.5 
31 

30.5 

30 

30 

30 

30 

29.5 

29 

33 

31 

30 

29 
30 
32 

8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 

8.5 













8.5 
8.5 

8.5 
7.8 
7.8 
7.8 
37 

18.5 
18.5 
19 










37 

33 

36.5 

37 

37 

37 

34 

34 

31.5 

30 

29 
29 
29 . 
28.5 
28 

28 
28 
28 
32 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 
37 




10 
19 
19 

19 
19 
19 
10 



19 
19 
19 
19 

19 
19 









19 



10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 

37 

37 

36.5 

36 

34.5 
34.5 
35 
33.5 





37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

10 
10 
19 
19 
19 

19 
19 
19 
19 
19 

20 

28 
28 
28 
33 

33 
36 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 

36 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 



37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
36 
34 
35 
34.5 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
-37 
37 
36 
36.5 

35 

35 

34 

35 

36.5 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
36 
36 

37 
37 
37 
36 
37 

37 
37 
37 
36 
37 

36.8 

9 

9 
37 
37 
37 


37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

87 

37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 



37 
37 
37 
37 

37 

9 

9 

37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 


37 
37 
37 
37 
37 


37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 

36.5 

36.5 

36.5 

37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 


37 


37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 

36.5 
36 

35.5 
37 
37 
8 
37 
37 


37 
36 
36 
37 
37 

37 

37 

37 

37- 

37 

37 

37 

35.5 

35.5 

35.5 

35.5 

35 

35 

34.5 

35 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

36 
37 
36 
36 
35.5 


35 

36.2 
35 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 

37 

36.8 

36 

35 

36.5 

37 

36.8 

36 

36.5 

37 


35 

33.5 

35 

37 

35 

36 

34.5 

33 

37 

33.2 

34 
34 
37 
37 
36 

37 

37 
34.5 
32 
32 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 

37 
37 

37 

37 

34.5 

33.5 

33 

36 

37 

37 

34.5 

37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 

37 

37 
37 
37 






37 
36 
31 


37 
37 
37 
35 
35 

35 

33.2 

37 

37 

37 

35 
33 
37 
37 
37 

37 

37 
35.5 
35 
35 

34 
35 
37 
36 
33.2 

33.8 

33 

37 

37 

37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 

37 

37 

35.8 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
36.5 

36 

37 

37 

36.5 

36.2 

36 

35.8 

35.5 

35 

36.5 

36 

35 

34.5 

34.2 

34 

34 


35 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 










35 
35 
35 

35 
32 
30 
30 
30 

30 
30 
30 
30 
30 




36 
37 
35.5 

34 
34 
32 
33 
35.5 

35 
37 
36 
37 
37 

37 

37 

36.5 

37 

37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 

37 

37 

36.2 

36 

36 

36 

35.8 

34.5 

34 


36.8 


2 




33.5 


3 




33.5 


4 




33 


5 




33 


6 




34 


7... 




34 


8 




33.2 


9 




36 


10 




33 


11 




32 


12 




32 


13 




31.5 


14 




31 


15 




30.5 


16 




30.2 






30 


18 




30 






29.8 


20 




29.5 


21 




29.2 






29 


23 




37 


24 




37 


25 


37 

37 
18 
18 
18 
17 
18 



33 


37 


26 


37 


27 


37 


28 


37 




37 


30 


37 







1911. 
1 


33 


2 

3 


33 
33 


4 


34 


5 


32 

33 
33 







18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

18 
10 







8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 

8.5 

8.5 

8.5 

8.5 






34 


6 


37 




37 


8 


37 




37 


10 


37 


11 


37 


12 


37 


13 


37 




37 


15 


37 


16 


37 




37 


18 


37 


19 


37 


20 


37 


21 


37 


22 


37 


23 


37 




37 


25.. 





26 


35 




35 


28 


34.5 


29 


37 


30 





31 


37 







84 



WATEE KESOUKCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanapepe ditch at Koula, near Hanapepe, Kauai, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1. 




18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

18 
18 
18 
18 
40 

39 

38 
38 
38 
38 

37 
36 
43 
40 
38 

36 
38 
42 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 















5.4 

5.4 

5.4 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
51 

18 

18 
19 










51 
43 
50 
51 
51 

51 

45 
45 
41 

38 

36 
36 
36 
35 
34 

34 
34 
34 
42 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 
51 





6.8 
19 
19 

19 
19 
19 

6.8 




19 
19 
19 
19 

19 
19 









19 



6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
6.8 


51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 

51 
50 
49 

46 
46 
47 
44 






51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

6.8 
6.8 

19 

19 

19 

19 
19 
19 
19 
19 

21 

34 
34 
34 
43 

43 
49 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 

49 
51 

51 
51 
51 

51 



51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
49 
45 
47 
46 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
49 
50 

47 
47 
45 
47 
50 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 

51 
51 
49 
49 

51 
51 
51 
49 
51 

51 
51 

51 
49 
61 

51 
6.8 
5.8 

51 

51 

51 


51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 

51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 


51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
5.8 
5.8 

51 

51 

51 
51 
51 
51 


51 
51 

61 
61 
61 


51 
51 

51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 

51 
51 
51 
51 

50 
50 
50 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 

51 


51 


51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 

50 
49 

48 
51 
51 
4.9 

51 
51 


51 
49 
49 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 

51 
51 

51 
51 

48 
48 
48 

48 
47 
47 
46 
47 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

49 
51 
49 
49 

48 


47 
49 
47 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
49 

47 

50 
51 
51 
49 
50 
51 


47 
44 
47 
51 
47 

49 
46 
43 
51 
43 

45 
45 
51 
51 
49 

51 
51 
46 

42 
42 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 

51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
46 
44 
43 
49 

51 
51 
46 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 

51 

51 

51 

51 







51 
49 
40 
46 


51 
51 
51 

47 
47 

47 
43 
51 
51 
51 

47 
43 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
48 
47 
47 

45 
47 
51 
49 
43 

45 
43 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
49 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
50 

49 
51 
51 
50 
49 

49 
49 
48 
47 
50 

49 
47 
46 
45 
45 
45 


47 
51 
51 
51 
51 

51 
51 






47 
47 
47 

47 
42 
38 
38 
38 

38 
38 
38 
38 
38 





49 

51 

48 

45 
45 
42 
43 
48 

47 
51 
49 
51 
51 

51 
51 
50 
51 
51 

51 
51 
51 
51 
61 

51 
51 
51 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
46 
45 


51 


2 




44 


3 




44 


4 




43 


5 




43 


6 




45 


7 




45 


8 




43 


9 




49 


10 




43 


11 




42 


12 




42 


13 




41 


14 




40 






39 






38 


17 




38 






38 


19 




38 






37 






36 


22 




36 


23 




51 


24 




51 




51 

51 
18 
18 
18 
16 
18 




43 
42 
42 

43 
43 







18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

18 
6.8 




5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 

5.4 

5.4 

5.4 






51 


26 


51 


27 


51 




51 


29 


51 


30 


61 


31 





1911. 
1 


43 


2 


43 




43 


4 


45 


5 


45 


6 


51 


7 


51 


8 


51 


9 


51 


10 


51 


11 


51 


12 


61 


13 


51 


14 


61 


15 


51 




51 


17 


51 


18 


51 


19 


51 




51 


21 


51 


22 


51 


23 


51 


24 


51 


25 





26 


47 


27 


47 


28 


46 


29 


51 







31 


61 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined above 35 second-feet. 



ISLAND OF KAtTAI. 85 

Monthly discharge of Hanapepe ditch at Koula, near Hanapepe, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-oflE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1010. 

January 25-31 

February 

March 

April 

Mfay 

June 

July 

August 

September 

O etober 

November 

December 

The period 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

O etober 

November 

December 

The year 



27.1 
28.3 
45.1 
45.1 
49.7 
51.0 
50.9 
49.9 
48.4 
48.5 
34.5 
42.7 



44.7 



12.1 
6.02 
9.11 
32.8 
47.8 
42.9 
44.4 
48.4 
42.8 
49.4 
49.0 
46.1 



376 
1,570 
2,770 
2,680 
3,060 
3,030 
3,130 
3,070 
2,880 
2,980 
2,050 
2,630 



30,200 



744 
334 
560 
1,950 
2,940 
2,550 
2,730 
2,980 
2,550 
3,040 
2,920 
2,830 



51 



36.1 



26,100 



HANAPEPE DITCH AT WEIR NEAR MAKAWELI, KAUAI, 

The Hawaiian Sugar Co. has a measuring weir on the Hanapepe 
ditch below the last siphon across Hanapepe River. The records at 
this weir show the amount of water delivered by the ditch at the cane 
fields. 

The monthly flow for 1910 and 1911 has been furnished to the Geo- 
logical Survey by the Hawaiian Sugar Co. 

Monthly discharge of Hanapepe ditch at weir near Makaweli, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



1910 



Mean dis- 
charge in 
second- 
feet. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1911 



Mean dis- 
charge in 
second- 
feet. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



January 

February.. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



!14.7 
'28.7 

40.6 
!41.3 

38.4 



204 
1,480 
2,500 
2,210 
2,360 



46.7 
44.2 
41.8 
42.4 
(31.3 
= 41.2 



2,870 
2,720 
2,490 
2,610 
1,240 
2,370 



/9.73 

ffll.3 

A 13.3 

31.3 

45.5 

44.2 

t 44.9 

43.6 

y46.1 

46.7 

45.5 

46.1 



540 

247 
554 
1,860 
2,800 
2,630 
2,670 
2,680 
2,380 
2,870 
2,710 
2,830 



The period. 



23,100 



24,800 



a 7 days; 6 26 days; c 27 days; <2 20 days; « 29 days; / 28 days; g 11 days; A 21 days; « 30 days; i 26 days. 

Note. — Monthly mean head in inches (on 5.75-foot weir from Jan. 1 to June 5, 1910, and on 12-foot weir 
after June 5) furnished by the Hawaiian Sugar Co. As the discharge varies as the three-halves power of 
the head, the above figures may be considerably in error. 



86 



WATEE EESOURCES OP HAWAH. 



HILOA STREAM AT HANAPEPE FALLS, NEAR ELEELE, KAUAI. 

Hiloa Stream, the principal branch of Hanapepe River, joins the 
Hanapepe from the west only a few hundred feet below the foot of 
Hanapepe Falls. Hiloa ditch diverts water from the west side a 
short distance above the confluence of the two streams. 

A gaging station was established at the ditch intake November 21, 
1911. The gage is graduated in tenths of feet and is fastened to the 
stone abutment on the right bank so that the zero is about level with 
the crest of the diversion dam. The dam is 75 feet long, 3 feet wide 
at the crest, and about 5 feet high. Measurements are made by 
wading on the smooth concrete surface of the crest. The flow over 
the dam does not include the flow through Hiloa ditch. 

Discharge measurements of Hiloa Stream at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 21o 


W. v. Hardy 


Feet. 
75 


Sq.ft. 
14.2 


Feet. 
0.28 


Sec.-ft. 
9.6 









1 Measurement made by wading on crest of dam, which is 3 feet wide and 75 feet long. 
The zero of the gage is about 0.15 foot below the average level of the crest. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hiloa Stream at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for 

1911. 

[S. W. Holmer, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

0.7 
.15 
.95 
.0 
.0 


11 




1.2 

.6 
.4 
.35 
.6 

.6 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


21 


0.3 
.2 
.2 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


0.6 


2 




12 




22 


.2 


3 




13.. 




23 


.15 


4 




14 




24 


.15 


5 




15. . 




25 


.0 


6 




16.. 




26 


.0 


7 




17 




27 


.0 


8 




18 




28 


.0 


9 




19 




29 


.0 


10 




20 




30 


.0 










31 


.0 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hiloa Stream at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for 

1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

82 

.2 
143 
.0 
.0 


11 




162 
61 
26 
18 
61 

61 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


21.. 


12 

2.7 

2.7 

.0 

.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


61 


2 




12 




22 


2.7 


3 




13 




23 


.2 


4 




14 . 




24 


.2 


5 




15 




25.. 


.0 


6 




16 




26 


.0 


7 




17.. 




27 . .. 


.0 


8 




18 




28 


.0 


9 




19 




29 


.0 


10 




20 




30 


.0 










31 


.0 











Note.— Daily discharge determined by one measurement on crest of dam, which is 3 feet wide and 75 
feet long, and a curve for a broad-crested weir. The table does not include the water diverted by the 
Hiloa branch of the Hanapepe ditch. 



ISLAND OP KAUAI. 



87 



HILOA DITCH AT HANAPEPE FALLS NEAE ELEELE, KAUAI. 

Hiloa ditch is the chief supply for the main Hanapepe ditch. It 
takes water from the west side of Hiloa Stream only a short distance 
above the confluence of Hiloa and Hanapepe streams. It joins 
Hanapepe ditch about 550 feet below its intake. 

A gaging station was established on this ditch November 22, 1911. 
The station is in the open ditch about 335 feet below the intake. 
The gage is graduated in tenths of feet and is spiked to the retaining 
wall on the left bank. Measurements are made from a board used as 
a footbridge. 

This station gives the total flow of Hiloa Stream at low stages^ 
when the ditch carries all the water. 



Discharge measurements of Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kavxii, 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Nov. 22 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
6.5 


Sq.ft. 
14.5 


Feet. 
2.00 


Sec.-ft. 
38.9 









Note. — Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for 1911. 

[S. W. Holmer, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.7 
1.7 


11 




2.4 
2.0 
1.9 
2.0 
2.1 

2.1 


21 




2.05 


2 




12 




22 


2.0 
2.0 
2.O.. 


2.0 


3 




13 




23 


2.05 


4 




i.8 
1.7 

2.5 

2.15 

2.55 


14 




24 




5 




15 




25 


1.95 




6 




16 




26 


1.85 


7.. ... .. 




17.. . 




27 


1.95 
1.9 
1.8 
1.75 


1.8 


8 




18 






28 


1.8 


9 




19 




2.05 
1.9 


29 


1.95 


10 






20 




30 


2.15 












31 


1.8 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for 

1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1 




32 
32 
a 33 
34 
32 

51 

42 

52 

51 

a 49 


11 




48 
39 
37 
39 
41 

41 

041 

a 40 

40 

37 


21 




40 


2 




12 




22 


39 
39 
39 
38 

a 38 
38 
37 
34 
33 


39 


3 




13 




23 


40 


4 




14 




■ 24 


o39 


5 




15 




25 


037 


6 




16 




26 


36 


7 




17 




27 


34 


8 




18 




28 


34 


9 




19 : 




29 


38 


10 




20 




30 


42 










31 


34 











a Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. The table shows the 
amount of water diverted from the Hiloa branch of Hanapepe River a short distance above the confluence 
of the two streams. 



88 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Hiloa ditch at Hanapepe Falls, near Eleele, Kauai, for Nov. 22 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 22-30 


39 
52 


33 
32 


37.2 
39.5 


663 
2,430 


C. 


December 


C. 







HANAMATJLTT RIVER BASIN. 



HANAMAULU RIVER AT EA.PAIA, NEAR LIHUE, KAUAI. 

Hanamaulu River rises nortli of Kilohana Crater and flows east 
in a sinuous course through comparatively an open country to the 
ocean through Hanamaulu Bay. Its total length is 8 to 10 miles. 
It drains the northern and eastern slopes of Kilohana tufa cone 
(elevation, 1,134 feet), and its basin is north of Nawiliwili basin and 
south of the basin of the Wailua. The rainfall ranges from 50 inches 
near the sea to 100 inches at the source. Considerable rice is grown 
in the lower valley. 

A gaging station was established on Hanamaulu River at the high- 
way bridge in Kapaia village September 4, 1911. The gage, graduated 
in tenths of feet, is fastened to the bridge pier on the right bank. 
Low-water measurements are made by wading. At high stages 
measurements are made from the downstream side of the bridge. 

The bed of the stream is rocky, but fair conditions for measure- 
ments exist. Water is diverted a short distance below the station 
for rice irrigation in the valley. 

Discharge measurements of Hanamaulu River at Kapaia, near Lihue, Kauai, in 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 4 


W. v. Hardy 


Feet. 
14 
14 


Sq.ft. 
14.4 
24.1 


Feet. 
5.17 
5.80 


8ec.-ft. 
10.5 


27 


do 


35.6 









Note.— Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. Measure- 
ments made by wading at various sections. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



89 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Hanamaulu River at Kapaia, near Lihue, Kauai, for 1911. 

[J. K. Gandall, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






5.2 
5.3 
5.3 

5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.6 
5.3 
5.3 

5.4 

'"'K.l' 
5.4 
5.4 


5.3 
5.2 

5.'i 

5.1 

5.1 
5.3 
5.2 
5.0 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
5.2 


16 




5.5 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
5.1 

5.1 


5.3 
5.2 
5.2 

"""5."7" 

5.5 
5.2 
5.7 
5.8 
5.95 

'"h'.h," 

5.35 

5.3 

5.3 


5.4 


2 




5.7 
5.7 
5.7 

5.7 

5.6 
5.6 


17 






3 




18 




5.4 


4 




19 




5.3 


5 




20 




5.2 


6 




21 




5.0 


7 




22 




5.3 


8 




23 




5.2 
5.2 
5.2 

5.1 
5.1 
5.1 

'"'s.'i' 

5.1 


5.55 


9 




5.6 
5.6 

5.5 
5.4 
5.6 
5.8 


24 






10 




25 






11 




26 




5.1 


12 




27 


5.8 
5.8 
5.7 
5.7 


5.0 


13 




28 


5.7 


U 




29 


5.7 


15 




30.. 


5.6 








31 















Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanamaulu River at Kapaia, near Lihue, Kauai, for 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




31 
31 
31 
31 
31 

27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

22 
18 
27 
36 
29 


11 
14 
14 
18 
18 

18 
18 
27 
14 
14 

18 
18 
18 
18 
18 


14 
11 

9.8 
8.6 
8.6 

8.6 
14 
11 

6.6 
12 

18 
18 
18 
14 
11 


16 




22 
11 
11 
11 
8.6 

8.6 
9.8 

11 

11 

11 

8.6 
8.6 
8.6 
8.6 
8.6 
8.6 


14 
11 
11 
21 
31 

22 
11 
31 
36 
42 

39 
36 
16 
14 
14 


18 


2 




17 




18 


3 




18 




18 


4 




19 




14 


5 




20 




11 


6 




21 




6.6 


7 




22 




14 


8 




23 




24 


9 




24 




19 


10 




25 




14 


11 




26 




8.6 


12 




27 


36 
36 
31 
31 


6.6 


13 




28 


31 


14 




29 


31 


15 




30 


27 






31 


19 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined, 
ing was obtained on Sundays, nence the discharge is interpolated for those days. 



No gage-height read- 



Monthly discharge of Hanamaulu River at Kapaia, near Lihue, Kauai, for Sept. 27 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


September 27-30 






33.5 
19.0 
20.2 
14.9 


266 
1,170 
1,200 

916 




October 


36 
42 
31 


8.6 
11 
6.6 


B 


November 


B 


December 


B 







90 WATEB EESOTJRCES OF HAWAII. 

WAILTJA RIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Wailua River basin is the largest basin on windward Kauai. It 
lies north of the Hanamaulu and Huleia basins, east of Hanapepe and 
Olokele basins, south of Hanalei and Kalihiwai basins, and west and 
south of Kapaa basin. It comprises an area of 45 or 50 square miles, 
which is only slightly less than the area of Waimea basin on the lee- 
ward side. In shape it is roughly trapezoidal, with the long base at 
the southeast about 11 miles long, and the short base at the northwest, 
along the divide from Waialeale northeastward, 6 to 7 miles long. 
The west leg, from Waialeale southward, is 4 to 5 miles in length, and 
the east leg, from Kapehuaala southeastward to the mouth, is 7 to 8 
miles in length. 

The Wailua basin consists for the most part of comparatively open 
rolling country — a sort of plain with a few isolated hills — lying east 
of the Waialeale mountain mass and west of Kalepa Ridge, which has 
been intersected by the lower river on its way to the sea. This ridge 
is about 5 miles long, 600 feet high, and parallels the seashore about 
a mUe inland. Aahoaka and Hanahanapuni are the most prominent 
individual hills in the basin. 

Wailua River has two main branches which drain approximately 
equal areas and unite just west of the cut through Kalepa Ridge 
about 1^ miles from the sea. The South Fork drains the area that 
lies south of Hanahanapuni and Kawaikini, and is practically all on 
fee- simple land. The North Fork drains the area north of Hanahana- 
puni and east of Waialeale and the ridge to the northeast, and is prac- 
tically all on public lands. Each fork has several important branches 
which unite at elevation about 500 feet. Below the junction of the 
different branches each stream occupies a well-developed channel that 
increases in depth toward the sea until it attains the proportions of a 
considerable gorge with rather high falls at the head. Opaikaa 
Stream is tributary to the lower main Wailua from the north. 

The rainfall in Wailua basin probably ranges from 120 inches at 
Hanahanapuni to 300 inches in the northern mountains and 400 inches 
at Waialeale. The upper part of the basin is very steep — precipitous 
palis, or cliffs, 2,000 to 3,000 feet high around Waialeale — and the 
run-off is very rapid. The fluctuations in flow are not only very great 
but exceedingly rapid. The streams may rise and fall several feet 
at a time for half a dozen times or more in a few hours. Perhaps 
Wailua River exemplifies these fluctuations better than any other 
stream in the islands. (See clock record of stage for North Fork of 
Wailua River, fig. 2, p. 102.) 

Water is diverted from both forks of Wailua River for irrigating 
cane on the higher lands and rice on the low valley lands along the 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



91 



river. Considerable rice is grown in the valley near the mouth of the 
river and in small isolated valleys much farther up. The principal 
ditches are Lihue and Hanamaulu from the south side of South Fork, 
and Kanaha from the south side of North Fork. 

Gaging stations are maintained on South Fork and the two ditches 
taking water above and on North Fork and the ditch diverting water 
above the station. 

The Wailua River basin undoubtedly offers better storage sites than 
any other basin in the islands. In fact, it is one of the few basins in 
which storage reservoirs in the bed of the stream seems practicable. 

SOUTH FORK OF WAILUA RIVER AT SIPHON NEAR LIHUE, KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on South Fork of Wailua River at 
the crossing of the Kanaha ditch siphon July 1, 1910. The station is 
below the intakes for Lihue and Hanamaulu ditches and also a few 
hundred feet below the power line of the Kauai Electric Co. 

The equipment consists of a staff gage on the left bank graduated 
in tenths of feet, and the siphon steel-truss bridge from which meas- 
urements are made. At low water measurements are made by wading. 

The channel is straight underneath the bridge, but the thread of the 
current makes an angle of about 52° with the bridge. In all measure- 
ments from the bridge a reduction factor, determined by actual meas- 
urements, has been used in order to correct for the skew of the bridge. 
The bed of the stream consists of bowlders, some of which were re- 
moved in order to improve the section. 

The stream is 50 feet wide at low water, and the maximum range of 
stage is at this point 6 to 8 feet. The stream overflows its right bank 
at moderately high stages and forms a second channel which can not 
be measured. 

.This station was abandoned at the end of 1911 and a new one 
established much farther downstream. 

Discharge measurements of South Fork of Wailua River at siphon near Lihue, Kauai, in 

1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
July 14o 

18a 


A . fJ. Sf^hnank . . , , 


Feet. 
52 
72 
61 
52 
53 
52 
39 

34 
45 


Sq.ft. 

97 
306 
203 

84 
112 
123 

59 

48.2 
55 


Feet. 
1.9 
5.25 
3.72 
1.66 
2.3 
2.62 
2.05 

1.89 
1.88 


Sec.-ft. 
35 


do 


1,030 


18a 


. .do 


355 


Aug. 2a 
29a 


. ...do 


31.6 


do 


85 


Sept. 30a 


Martin and Pierce 


102 


Nov. 226 


W. F. Martin 


62 


1911. 
May 5a 
5b 


W. F. Martin , 


34.5 


do 


35.1 









o Measurement made from siphon bridge, which makes an angle of about 52° with the axis of the stream. 
A factor of 0.62 was used to reduce measured area to rectangular cross section. 
b Measurement made by wading. 



92 



WATEB EESOURCES OP HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of South Fork of Waicua River at siphon near Lihtie, KaiLai,for 

1910-11. 



(Mori, observer.] 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Date. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 . 


2.30 
2.30 
2.55 
3.05 
2.40 

2.15 
2.00 
1.95 
1.85 
1.85 

1.70 
2.15 
2.05 
1.90 
1.75 


1.75 
1.65 
1.65 
2.40 
3.55 

3.10 
2.20 
2.20 
2.25 
2.15 

1.95 
1.75 
1.65 
2.15 
2.10 


1.60 
1.60 
1.55 
1.95 
1.55 

1.45 
1.60 
1.40 
1.65 
1.45 

1.85 
2.70 
2.55 
1.75 
2.35 


2.30 
2.05 
1.95 
2.30 
1.85 

1.75 
1.70 
2.60 
2.65 
2.00 

1.75 
3.15 
5.75 
2.75 
2.15 


2.50 
6.30 
4.40 
4.25 
3.40 

3.15 
3.00 
3.05 
3.15 
3.55 

3.60 
3.15 
3.00 
2.75 
2.50 


2.30 
2.30 
2.20 
2.10 
2.15 

2.40 
2.10 
2.10 
2.20 
2.15 

2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
1.95 
1.70 


1910. 
16 


1.65 
1.60 
2.00 
1.80 
3.85 

1.90 
1.75 
1.60 
1.75 
1.70 

1.55 
2.20 
2.45 
2.30 
1.90 
1.85 


1.70 
1.60 
1.50 
1.40 
2.40 

3.95 
2.45 
1.95 
1.75 
3.90 

2.50 
2.45 
2.15 
2.05 
1.85 
1.75 


2.25 
1.55 
1.50 
2.35 
2.50 

2.90 
2.65 
2.55 
2.70 
2.85 

2.80 
2.30 
3.70 
2.30 
2.25 


1.75 
1.80 
1.95 
2.10 
1.75 

1.70 
1.70 
2.00 
2.00 
1.55 

1.50 
2.70 
3.70 
3.05 
2.90 
2.70 


2.35 
2.30 
2.05 
1.90 
2.10 

2.10 
2.10 
2.10 
2.15 
2.30 

3.65 
2.40 
2.15 
2.60 
2.35 


1.70 


2 


17 


1 80 


3 

4 


18 

19 

20 

21 


1.80 
1.68 


S 


1.40 


6 


1.30 


7.. 


22 


1.30 


8 


23 


2.55 


9 


24 


3.10 


10 


25 


5.50 


11 

12 


26 

27 


5.75 

4.85 


13 


28 


2.72 


14 


29 


2.62 


15 


30 


5.75 




31 


3.15 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


2.55 
2.48 
2.40 
2.30 
2.40 

2.52 
2.60 
8.48 
3.85 
3.55 

2.65 
5.45 
4.05 
3.90 
3.25 

3.02 
3.35 
2.95 
3.75 
3.00 

2.85 
2.55 
3.35 
3.65 
3.30 

4.15 
4.50 
7.26 
4.95 
2.95 
3.95 


4.80 
5.00 
3.52 
3.35 
4.85 

3.30 
3.20 
485 
3.40 
3.70 

3.45 
3.25 
3.02 
2.92 
2.75 

2.75 
2.60 
2.45 
2.30 
2.30 

2.35 
2.28 
2.25 
2.55 
2.50 

3.15 
2.78 
2.52 


2.45 
2.22 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.28 
2.90 
2.80 
2.42 

2.35 
2.28 
2.12 
2.00 
1.98 

2.08 
2.08 
2.02 
2.00 
2.10 

2.10 
2.18 
2.22 
2.15 
3.78 

3.75 
2.70 
2.45 
2.00 
2. CO 
1.98 


2.20 
2.20 
2.10 
2.30 
2.25 

2.00 
2.00 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
2.30 
2.40 
1.78 

2.28 
2.82 
2.60 
3.25 
3.25 

3.75 
3.00 
3.32 
2.75 
2.25 

2.15 
4.85 
2.80 
2.35 
2.10 


1.98 
1.82 
1.82 
1.78 
1.80 

1.80 
1.85 
1.82 
2.05 
2.35 

1.82 
1.82 
1.75 
1.70 
1.95 

2.55 
2.30 
1.95 
1.75 
2.05 

3.45 
4.15 
2.40 
2.45 
2.18 

2.15 
2.20 
5.00 
3.55 
3.25 
3.52 


3.10 
3.22 
3.80 
3.70 
3.08 

3.20 
3.70 
3.05 
2.62 
2.30 

2.30 
2.25 
3.60 
4.05 
2.95 

2.78 
2.75 
2.35 
2.20 
2.10 

2.80 
2.30 
3.00 
2.40 
2.48 

2.45 
2.55 
2.85 
2.90 
2.62 


2.30 
2.40 
2.20 
2.60 
2.00 

2.15 
1.95 
2.00 
2.00 
2.65 

2.65 
2.25 
2.12 
2.15 
2.00 

2.40 
2.28 
1.90 
1.90 
2.15 

2.25 
2.20 
2.05 
2.02 
1.82 

1.80 
3.30 
4.02 
2.65 
2.40 
2.25 


2.28 
2.20 
2.20 
2.15 
2.10 

2.10 
1.92 
2.02 
2.05 
2.65 

2.50 
3.05 
2.65 
2.60 
2.32 

2.22 
2.22 
2.92 
2.70 
3.05 

2.30 
2.00 
2.00 
2.00 
1.92 

1.88 
1.90 
1.80 
1.72 
2.35 
2.25 


2.00 
1.78 
1.70 
1.62 
1.80 

2.15 
2.10 
2.05 
2.20 
2.20 

3.55 
2.65 
2.52 
2.35 
3.10 

2.35 
3.80 
2.65 
2.25 
3.60 

2.62 
6.78 
5.40 
8.14 
4.35 

3.85 
3.80 
3.52 
3.05 
3.00 


3.05 
2.95 
3.45 
3.00 
2.65 

2.58 
2.50 
2.50 
2.35 
2.30 

2.30 
2.15 
2.10 
2.05 
2.02 

2.00 
1.92 
1.78 
1.65 
1.60 

1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.52 
1.55 

1.50 
1.42 
1.35 
1.30 
1.30 
1.42 


1.35 
1.22 
1.20 
1.20 
1.25 

1.60 
1.72 
1.75 
1.80 
1.85 

2.50 
2.18 
3.15 
2.75 
3.05 

2.75 
2.55 
3.42 
4.35 
2.65 

2.40 
2.30 
2.20 
2.08 
2.40 

2.40 
2.60 
2.38 
2.30 
2.15 


2.22 


2 


2.20 


3 


2.15 


4 


2.10 


5 


2.20 


6 


3.10 


7 


2.35 


8 


3.32 


9 


5.66 


10 


4.60 


11 


3.30 


12 


4.80 


13 


3.20 


14 


3.20 


15 


3.15 


16 


3.40 


17 


3.08 


18 


2.68 


19 


3.00 


20 


2.92 


21 


2.38 


22 


2.68 


23 


2.55 


24 


2.60 


25 


2.32 


26 


2.20 


27 


2.20 


28 


2.40 


29 


2.50 


30 ; 


2.65 


31 


2.25 






1 
















1 





ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



93 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Fork of Wailua River at siphon near Lihue, Kauai, 

for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jnly. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


75 
75 
104 
187 
86 

60 
48 
44 
38 
38 

28 
60 
52 
41 
31 


31 
26 
26 
86 
307 

197 
65 
65 
70 
60 

44 
31 
26 
60 
56 


23 
23 
20 
44 
20 

16 
23 
14 
26 
16 

38 
125 
104 
31 
80 


75 
52 
44 

75 
38 

31 
28 
111 
118 
48 

31 

208 

1,300 

133 

60 


98 

1,620 

610 

545 

267 

208 
177 
187 
208 
307 

321 
208 
177 
133 
98 


75 
75 
65 
56 
60 

86 
56 
56 
65 
60 

48 
48 
48 
44 
28 


16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

21 

22 
23 
24 
25 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30. 
31. 


1910 




26 
23 
48 
34 
396 

41 
31 
23 
31 
28 

20 
65 
92 
75 
41 
38 


28 
23 
18 
14 
86 

430 
92 
44 
31 

413 

98 
92 
60 
52 
38 
31 


70 
20 
18 
80 
98 

158 
118 
104 
125 
150 

141 
75 

350 
75 
70 


31 
34 
44 
56 
31 

28 
28 
48 
48 
20 

18 
125 
350 
187 
158 
125 


80 
75 
52 
41 
56 

56 
56 
56 
60 

75 

336 
86 
60 

111 
80 


28 


2 






34 


3 






34 


4 






27 


5 






14 


6 






11 


7 






11 


8 






104 


9 






197 


10 






1,160 


11 






1,300 


12 






820 


13 






128 


14 






114 


15 






1,300 
208 


















Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jvme. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Doc. 


1911. 


104 
96 
86 
75 
86 

101 
111 
2,930 
396 
307 

118 
1,140 
466 
413 
230 

181 
254 
168 
365 
177 

ISO 
104 
80 
118 
242 

505 
655 
2,200 
870 
168 
AM 


795 
895 
299 
254 
820 

242 
219 
820 
267 
350 

280 
230 
181 
162 
133 

133 
111 
92 
75 
75 

80 
73 
70 
104 
98 

208 
138 
101 


92 
67 
65 
65 
65 

65 
73 

158 
141 

88 

80 
73 

58 
48 
47 

54 
64 
50 
48 
56 

56 
63 
67 
60 
374 

365 
125 
92 
48 
48 
47 


65 
65 
56 
75 
70 

48 
48 
28 
28 
28 

28 
28 
75 
86 
33 

73 
144 
111 
230 
230 

365 
177 
247 
133 
70 

60 
820 
141 
80 
56 


47 
35 
35 
33 
34 

34 
38 
35 
52 
80 

35 
35 
31 
28 
44 

104 
75 
44 
31 
52 

280 

505 

86 

92 

63 

60 
65 
895 
307 
230 
299 


197 
224 
380 
350 
193 

219 
350 
187 
114 
75 

75 
70 

321 
. 466 

168 

138 
133 
80 
65 
56 

141 
75 

117 
86 
96 

92 
104 
150 
158 
114 


75 
86 
65 
111 

48 

60 

44 
48 
48 
118 

118 
70 
58 
60 
48 

86 
73 
41 
41 
60 

70 
65 
52 
50 
35 

34 
242 
455 
118 
86 
70 


73 
65 
65 
60 
56 

56 
42 
50 
52 
118 

98 
187 
118 
111 

77 

67 
67 
162 
125 

187 

75 
48 
48 
48 
42 

40 
41 
34 
29 
80 
70 


48 
33 
28 
24 
34 

60 
56 
52 
65 
65 

307 
118 
101 
80 
197 

80 
380 
118 

70 
321 

114 
1,910 
1,110 
2,720 

588 

396 
380 
299 
187 
177 


187 
168 
280 
177 
118 

108 
98 
98 
80 
75 

75 
60 
56 
52 
50 

48 
42 
33 
26 
23 

18 
18 
18 
19 
20 

18 
15 
12 
11 
11 
IS 


12 
8.6 
8.0 
8.0 
9.5 

23 
29 
31 
34 
38 

98 

63 
208 
133 

187 

133 
104 
272 
588 
104 

86 
75 
65 
54 
86 

86 
111 
84 
75 
60 


67 


2 


65 


3 


60 


4 


56 




65 


6 


197 


7 


80 


8 


247 


9 


1,250 
700 




11 


242 


12 


795 


13 


219 


14 


219 


15 


208 




267 


17 


193 




122 


19 


177 




162 




84 


22., 


122 


23 


104 


24.... 


98 


25 


77 


26 


65 


27 


65 


28 


86 


29 


98 


30 


118 


31 


70 






1 






















1 





Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 1,100 second-feet. 
The table does not include the water in Lihue and Hanamanlu ditches, which divert water above the 
station. 



94 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of South Fork of Wailua River at siphon near Lihue, Kauai, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



July 

August 

September. 
October... 
November. 
December.. 



396 

430 

350 

1,300 

1,620 

1,300 



63.8 
87.1 
75.2 

119 

215 

205 



3,920 
5,360 
4,470 
7,320 
12,800 
12,600 



The period. 



46,500 



January 

February. . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



2,930 
895 
374 
820 
895 
466 
455 
187 

2,720 
280 
588 

1,250 



75 
70 
47 
28 
28 
56 
34 
29 
24 
11 
8.0 
56 



430 

261 
90.1 

123 

122 

166 
85.0 
77.1 

337 
65.5 
95.8 

206 



26,400 

14,500 
5,540 
7,320 
7,500 
9,880 
6,230 
4,740 

20, 100 
4,030 
5,700 

12,700 



The year. 



2,930 



8.0 



171 



124,000 



Note. — The above figures do not include the water diverted by Lihue and Hanamaulu ditches above 
the station on the river. 

SOUTH FORK OF WAILUA RIVER ABOVE WAIEHU FALLS, NEAR LIHUE, 

KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on South Fork of Wailua River, 
about half a mile above Waiehu Falls, December 10, 1911. This 
station is about 3 miles below the old station at the siphon, and about 
5 miles north of Lihue. 

Gage heights are obtained by means of a Friez clock register in- 
stalled on the right bank. A cable, with car, is used for making 
measurements. 

The river is straight under the cable and has a jBne section. At low 
water the channel is wide, and the current rather sluggish. The ex- 
treme range of stage is probably 9 or 10 feet. 

The discharge at this station shows the amount of water going over 
Waiehu Falls and down to sea, except such as may be used for rice 
irrigation in the lower valley. 

Discharge measurements of South Fork of Wailua River above Waiehu Falls, near Lihue, 

Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec. 18 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
80 


Sq.ft. 
175 


Feet. 
4.10 


Sec.-ft. 
203 









Note.— Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



95 



Daily gage height, infect, of South Fork of Wailua River above Waiehu Falls, near Lihue, 

Kauai, for 1911. 

[Gus. Schilling, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


10 


4.15 

5.8 

6.2 

5.85 

4.15 

4.1 

4.6 

4.0 


IS 


4.0 

4.0 
3.9 
3.85 
3.85 
3.75 
3.65 
3.65 


26 


3.65 


11 


19 


27 


3.65 


12 


20 


28 


3.7 


13 


21 


29 


3.9 


14 


22 


30 


4.3 


15 


23 


31 


3.85 


16 


24. 






17 


25 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Fork of Wailua River at Waiehu Falls, near 

Lihue, Kauai, for 1911. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


10 


220 
870 
1,050 
890 
220 
203 
390 
171 


18 


171 
171 
142 
128 
128 
102 
79 
79 


26 


79 


11 


19 


27 


79 


12 


20 


28 


90 


13 


21 


29 


142 


14 


22 


30 


273 


15 


23 


31 


128 


16 


24 






17 


25 











Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined. 



LIHUE DITCH NEAR LIHUE, KAUAI. 

Lihue ditch diverts water from the south side of Waiahi Stream, 
one of the branches of South Fork of Wailua River, at elevation 
somewhat less than 600 feet. About 1| miles below the intake it 
unites with Kanaha ditch which brings water from North Fork across 
South Fork in an inverted siphon, and the larger Lihue ditch con- 
tinues southward as a high-level ditch for the upper cane lands of 
the Lihue Plantation Co. 

•A gaging station was established on Lihue ditch July 1, 1910, about 
200 feet above the junction with Kanaha ditch and near the Kauai 
Electric Co.'s trail. It is below the gate that regulates the outflow 
to Hanamaulu ditch at a lower level, and only a few hundred feet 
above the station on the river. 

The equipment consists of a staff gage on the right bank. Meas- 
urements are made by wading. This station, in connection with 
the Hanamaulu station, shows the quantity of water taken from the 
South Fork above the station on the river. 



96 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements of Lihue ditch near Lihue, Kauai, in 1910. 



Date, 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


heignt. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Jnly 18 

Aug. 29 
Sept. 30 


A. G. Schnack 


Feet. 
6.0 
5.5 
5.1 


Sq.ft. 
8.4 
8.2 
7.8 


Feet. 
1.50 
1.44 
1.50 


Sec.-ft. 
10.6 


do , 


9.0 


Martin and Pierce 


9.0 







Note. — An additional measurement made early in 1912 was nsed in determining the rating. Measure- 
ments made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lihue ditch near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 

[Mori, observer.] 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


1.1 
1.1 

1.1 

1.15 

1.05 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.1 

1.3 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 


1.5 

1.4 
1.45 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.2 
1.4 


1.3 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.2 
L2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.4 


1910. 
16 


1.4 
1.4 
1.35 
1.4 

1.45 

1.5 
1.6 
1.5 
1.6 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.45 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.3 
1.5 
1.4 
1.5 
1.4 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 


"i'-h' 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 


1.4 


2 


17 


1.4 


3 


18 


1.4 


4 


19 


1.4 


5 


20 


1.4 


6 


21 


1.3 


7 


22 


1.3 


8 


23 


1.5 


9 ... 


24 


1.5 


10 


25 


1.1 


11 


26 


1.1 


12 


27 


1.1 


13 


28 


1.1 


14 


29 


1.4 


15 


30 


1.2 




31 


1.4 












Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.35 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
.7 


0.40 
.40 




1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.45 

LS 

1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.2 


1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 


1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.4 
1.3 
1.4 
1.5 




1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.45 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.55 

1.5 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.6 

1.6 




1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 




2 










3 










4 


"i.'45' 
1.5 

1.4 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.2 
1.2 

.7 
.7 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 


0.9 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.1 

1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 








5 








6 








7 








8 








9 








10 








11 








12 








13 








14 








15 










16 










17 








1.2 
1.2 
1.3 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.6 




18 










19 










20 










21 










22 












23 


.7 

.7 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


'".'95" 
.75 

.40 
.40 
.40 








0.4 


24 








.4 


25 








.4 


26 








.4 


27 








.7 


28 








.7 


29 








7 


30 










31 




1 


.4 































ISLAND OF KAUAI. 97 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lihue ditch near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
7.8 
7.1 

6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
7.4 

8.8 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 


10 
9.6 
9.8 

10 

10 

10 
10 
10 
9.6 
10 

10 
in 
10 
10 
10 


9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
10 
9.6 

9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 

9.6 
9.6 

10 

10 

10 


10 
9.6 
9.6 

10 

10 

10 
9.6 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


8.1 
9.6 


8.8 
7.4 

7.4 
7.4 

7.4 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
9.6 


1910. 
16 


9.6 
9.6 
9.2 
9.6 
9.8 

10 
11 
10 
11 
10 

10 
10 
9.8 
10 
10 
10 


10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

8.8 
10 

9.6 
10 

9.6 

10 

10 

10 

10 
9.6 
9.6 


10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 

10 

10 
9.6 
9.6 

9.6 
10 
10 
10 
10 


10 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 

10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
9.6 

10 

10 

10 
9.6 
8.1 
8.1 


"s.'s' 

8.8 
8.8 
8.8 
8.8 
8.8 

9.6 
8.8 
8.8 
8.1 
8.1 


9 6 


2 .. 


17 


9.6 


3 


18 


9.6 


4 . 


19 


9.6 


5 


20 


9.6 


6 


21 


8.8 


7 


22 


8.8 


8 .. . 


23 


10 


9 


24 


10 


10 


25 


7.4 


11 


26 


7.4 


12 


27 


7.4 


13 


28 .. 


7.4 


14 


29 


9.6 




30 


8.1 




31. . 


9 6 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


9.2 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 


8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
7.4 
5.2 


4.0 
4.0 




10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
9.8 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
11 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
8.1 


10 
10 
10 
9.6 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
9.6 

9.6 
9.6 

10 

10 

10 

9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 

9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 

9.6 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
9.6 
8.8 
9.6 

10 




9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.6 
9.8 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

11 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 

11 

10 
10 

11 
11 


"'s.'i' 

8.1 
8.8 
9.6 

9.6 
9.6 

10 

10 

10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


8.8 
8.8 
8.8 
8.8 
8.8 

8.8 
8.8 




2 




3 




4 


""9."8' 
10 

9.6 
10 
10 
10 
10 

8.1 
8.1 
5.2 
5.2 
5.7 

5.7 
5.7 
5.7 
5.7 
5.7 
5.7 


6.2 

6.8 

6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
6.8 

7.4 
9.6 
9.6 

10 

10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 




5 




6 




7 




8 . ... 




9 




10 




11 




12 




13... 




14 




15 






16 






17 








18 








19 








20 








21 








22 












23 


5.2 
5.2 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 


"'e.'s' 

5.4 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 








4.0 


24 








4.0 


25...: 








4.0 


26 








4.0 


27 








5.2 


28 








5.2 


29 








5.2 


30 










31 




9.6 


















Note.— Daily c 
Ditch dry on day 

74323° 


ilscharg 
s for wl 

— WSI 


e comp 
lich no 

'318- 


uted trc 
disohar 

-13 — 


m a rat 
ge is giv 

-7 


ingcur 
en. 


ve fairlj 


r weUd 


efined l 


)etween 


6 and 


12 secon 


d-feet. 



98 



WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge ofLihtte ditch near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofi 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



July 

August 

September 

October 

November 1-2 and 20-30. 
December 



9.6 
8.1 
8.1 
7.4 



9.82 
9.78 
8.76 
8.50 



552 
607 
584 
601 
226 
523 



The period . 



3,090 



1911. 



January 1-13 and 23-31 . . 
February 1-15 and 24-2S. 

March 1-2 and 14-31 

April 4r-30 

May 

June 

July 1-20 

August 31 

September 1-21 

October 17-31 

November 1-27 

December 23-29 



9.2 

8.1 
10 
10 
11 
10 
10 

9.6 
11 
10 
11 

5.2 



5.2 
4.0 

4.0 
6.2 
8.1 
9.6 
8.8 
9.6 
9.6 
8.1 
8.8 
4.0 



7.89 
7.09 
7.20 
9.02 



9.6 
10.1 

7.59 
10.4 

4.23 



344 
282 
285 
483 
612 
588 
384 

19 
421 
285 
559 

58 



The period . 



11 



4.0 



9.04 



4,320 



Note. — Figures of minimum and mean discharges are only for days when ditch was carrying water. 
The ditch was dry daring the periods Nov. 3-19, 1910: Jan. 14-22, Feb. 16-23, Mar. 3-13, Apr. 1-3, July 21 
to Aug. 30, Sept. 22 to Oct. 16, Nov. 28 to Dec. 22, and Dec. 30-31, 1911. 

HANAMAULU DITCH NEAR LIHUE, KAUAI. 

Hanamaulu ditch takes water from the south side of the South 
Fork of Wailua River at the junction of the main branches at about 
500 feet elevation. About half a mile below the intake water may 
be turned into it from the Lihue ditch at a higher level. This ditch 
supplies cane lands of the Lihue Plantation Co. 

A gaging station was established on this ditch July 1, 1910, about 
half a mile below the intake and below the inflow from Lihue ditch. 
The old station was in the open ditch above the tunnel under the 
power line of the Kauai Electric Co., about 500 feet above the station 
on the river. In the summer of 1911, the station was moved to the 
flume about 100 feet farther upstream. The gage is fastened to the 
left side of the flume, 18 feet from the upper end. 

This station, in connection with the station on Lihue ditch, shows 
the quantity of water taken from the South Fork above the station 
on the river. 

Discharge measurements of Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
July 18 


A, Ci. RnhTin/'.V 


Feet. 
6.4 
6.0 
5.4 

6.0 


Sq.ft. 
16.1 
14.6 
13.6 

8.5 


Feet. 
2.52 
2.44 
2.62 

61.65 


Sec.-ft. 
49.7 


Aug. 29 


do 


41.1 


Sept. 30 

1911. 
Sept. 30a 


Martin and Pierce 


45.6 


W. v. Hardy 


22.2 









« New gage established Sept. 30, 1911. This gage is about 100 feet above old gage. 
* Old gage height was 1.81. 

Note. — Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used tn determining the rating. Measnre- 
ments made at various sections. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



99 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue, Kaiuii,/or 1910-11. 

[Mori, observer.] 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


2.4 

2.4 

2.4 

2.45 

2.35 

2.35 

2.5 

2.5 

2.5 

2.5 

2.5 

2.55 

2.5 

2.5 

2.5 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.65 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


■■■■• 


1.4 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


16 
17 
18 
19 
20 

21 

22 
23 
24 
25 

26 
27 
28 
29 
30 
31 


1910 




2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


"i'.l' 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.6 
1.4 


1.2 


2 






1.2 


3 






1.2 


4 






1.2 


5 






1.2 


6 






2 2 


7 






2.2 


8 






2.3 


9 






2.3 


10 






2.1 


11 






1.2 


12 ... 






1 2 


13 






1.2 


14 






2.7 


15. 






1.2 








1.7 
















Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 


1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.7 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 


1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.85 
1.85 

1.85 
1 85 
1.85 
1.50 
1.30 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 

1.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.7 
2.5 
2.5 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 


2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 


2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 


2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.9 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
1.8 
1.8 
• 1.8 


1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
2.7 
2.7 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.4 
2.3 
2.3 

2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.35 

2.4 

2.4 

2.35 

2.4 

2.4 

2.4 


2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.45 

2.4 

2.4 

'2,4 

2.4 

2.5 
2.6 
2.5 
2.6 
2.6 

2.5 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 
2.5 

2.6 
1.2 
1.2 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.3 


2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 

2.3 

2.3 

2.35 

2.35 

2.3 
2.3 
1.7 
1.7 
1.3 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 

.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 


.75 


2 




3 


.75 


4 


.75 




.75 


6 


.85 


7 


.85 




.85 


9 


.85 


10 


.85 


11 


.85 


12 


.85 


13 


.85 


14 


.85 


15 


.85 


16 


1.1 


17 


1.1 


18 


1.1 


19 


1.1 


20 


1.1 




1.1 


22 


1.1 


23 


1.1 


24 


1.1 


25 




1.1 


26 




1.1 


27 




1.1 


28 




1.1 


29 


1.3 
1.2 


1.1 


30 


1.1 


31 


1.1 





















100 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


40 
40 
40 
42 
38 

38 
43 
43 
43 
43 

43 
44 
43 
43 
43 


46 
46 
46 
48 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 


46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 

46 
46 
46 
46 

43 
46 
46 
46 
46 


46 
46 
' 46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
43 
43 

43 
43 
46 
46 
46 




14 

10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


1910. 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


43 
43 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 
43 


46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

49 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 
46 


46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
49 
46 
46 


46 

46 
46 
46 
49 

49 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 


"ii" 

14 
14 
14 
14 
14 

16 
14 
14 
18 
14 


10 


2 

3 


34 


10 
10 


4 ... 




10 


5 




10 


6 




34 






34 


8 ... 




37 


9 




37 


10 




31 


11 




10 


12 




10 


13 




10 


14 




49 


15 




10 






20 












Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

8.0 
8.0 

12 

12 

12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
10 

10 
10 
10 
20 
10 
10 


10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
12 
12 

14 
14 

14 
14 
14 


14 
14 
14 
14 
14 

14 
14 
11 
11 
11 

11 
11 
11 
24 
24 

24 
24 
24 
16 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 


12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
49 
43 
43 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
46 
46 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 


49 
49 
49 
49 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

46 
49 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
46 
46 
46 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 
49 


49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
46 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 


49 
49 
49 
49 
46 

49 
46 
46 
46 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
46 
46 
49 
49 

55 
49 
46 
46 
46 

46 
46 
49 
23 
23 
23 


23 
23 
23 
23 
23 

23 
23 
49 
49 
37 

37 
37 
40 
37 
37 

40 
40 
40 
46 
.46 

46 
40 
40 
40 
38 

40 
40 
38 
40 
40 
40 


40 
40 
40 
40 
40 

42 
40 
40 
40 
40 

43 
46 
43 
40 
46 

43 
43 
40 
40 
43 

46 
10 
10 

""12 
10 


19 
19 
19 
19 
19 

19 
19 
19 
19 
19 

19 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
42 
42 
42 

42 
42 
42 
42 
42 

39 
39 
39 
39 
39 
42 


39 
39 
39 
39 
39 

42 
42 
42 
42 
42 

42 
42 
42 
44 
44 

42 
42 
24 
24 
15 

13 
13 
13 
13 
13 

13 
5.6 
5.6 
5.6 
5.6 


5.6 


2 




3 


5 6 


4 


5.6 


5 


5 6 


6 


6 9 


7 


6.9 


8 


6 9 


9 


6.9 


10 .... 


6 9 


11 


6 9 


12 


6 9 


13 


6 9 


14 


6 9 


15 


6.9 


16 




17 




18 




19 . . . 




20 




21 




22 .. 




23 




24 




25 




26 




27 . . 




28 




29.. 




30 






31 



























Note. — Daily discharge computed from two fairly well defined rating curves, covering the periods July 1, 
1910, to Sept. 30, 1911, and Oct. 1 to Dec. 31, 1911, respectively. 
Ditch dry on days for which no discharge is given. 



ISLAND OP KAXTAI. 101 

Monthly discharge of Hanamaulu ditch near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



July 

August 

September 

October 1-28 

November 2 and 20-30 
December 



1910. 



43.6 

46.2 
46.0 
45.8 
16.2 
15.7 



2,680 
2,840 
2,740 
2,550 
385 
965 



The period. 



12, 200 



1911. 

January 

Febniary 

March . .". 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 1-23 and 29-30 .. 

October 

November 

December 1 and 3-31 



8 

10 

11 

12 

46 

46 

23 

23 

10 

19 
5.6 
5.6 



10.3 
10.9 
14.3 
37.8 
47.5 
48.9 
45.6 
36.7 
36.9 
30 5 
28.9 
8.91 



633 

G05 

879 

2,250 

2,920 

2,910 

2,800 

2,260 

1,830 

1,880 

1,720 

531 



The period . 



55 



5.6 



29.8 



21,200 



Note.— Minimum and mean discharges are only for days when ditch was carrying water. 
dry during the periods Oct. 29 to Nov. 1 and Nov. 3-19, 1910; Sept. 24-28 and Dec. 2, 1911. 



The ditch was 



NORTH FORK OF WAILUA RIVER NEAR LIHUE, KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on North Fork of Wailua River 
just below the junction of the main branches about half a mile below 
the power line of the Kauai Electric Co., August 1, 1910. The station 
is about a mile below the intake of Kanaha ditch, which diverts water 
from the south side. This station was destroyed by flood October 28, 
1910. 

The station on North Fork was reestablished December 28, 1910, 
about 100 feet below the old station. Gage heights are obtained by 
means of a Friez clock register on the right bank. Measurements are 
made from a wire suspension bridge. 

The stream is 30 feet wide at low water and has an extreme range 
of stage of 10 to 12 feet. (See fig. 2.) 

This station is just inside the Forest Reserve fence, about 2 miles 
above Kaholalele Falls, and 8 or 9 miles northwest of Lihue. 



102 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



1^ 



+-> 

'<D 

JZ 

<u 
•oo 



January 

10 11 



14 





h 






































Gage height l.30feet, discharge 114 second-feet 
^Gageheight 7.95 feet, discharge 3,000 5econd-feet 




























































1 
















I 












All* 


, 






fl 


\ 


\ 


v] 


vi 


\ 

l 


If 


ViJ 


1/ 


I/* 


^\ 


A 


J 




VJ 




\/ 













Figure 2. — Diagram showing fluctuation in stage of North Fovk of Wailua River near Lihue, Kauai. 
Discharge measurements of North Fork of Wailua River near Lihue, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 


Gage 


section. 


height. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 


79 


6 2.50 


82 


6 2.15 


92 


6 2.60 


238 


6 2.48 


201 


d2.05 


26.5 


<2 0.70 


146 


dl.32 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910, 
July 31a 
Aug. 2a 
Oct. la 
Dec. 30 c 

1911. 
Feb. 8d 
Sept. 5° 
Oct. 16d 



A. G. Schnach 

do 

Martin and Pierce . . 
Martin and Mendes . 



Martin and Hoy t . 

W.V.Hardy 

do 



Feet. 
31 

31.5 
31 
68 

62 
18 
39.5 



Sec.-ft. 
69 
42.0 
91 
409 

271 
38.4 
122 



a Measurement made by wading. 

6 Old station. This gage was destroyed by high water Oct. 28, 1910. 

c New station established Dee. 23, 1910. "this gage is about 100 feet below the old gage, and at a different 
datum. 
d Measurement made from new footbridge. 

Note. — Additional measurements made early in 1912, were used in determining the rating. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



103 



Daily gage height, in feet, of North Fork of Wailua River near Lihue, Katud,for 1910-11. 

[Mori, observer.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




2.15 
2.2 
2.1 
2. .35 
2.1 

2.1 

2.16 

2.05 

2.2 

2.0 

2.3 

2.5 

2.7 

2.25 

2.45 


2.55 

2.4 

2.35 

2.6 

2.35 

2.3 

2.26 

2.8 

2.7 

2.45 

2. 55 

3.3 

5.25 

3.2 

2.8 


' 


] 


1910. 
6 --- 


2.25 

2.15 

2.1 

2.15 

3.05 

4.05 

2.8 

2.4 

2.3 

3.9 

3.0 

2.7 

2.4 

2.4 

2.25 

2.15 


2.25 
2.3 

2.6 
3.15 

2.75 

3.2 
3.9 
3.1 
3.3 
2.55 

2.65 

2.7 

3.15 

2.4 

2.6 


2.6 

2.5 

2.4 

2.45 

2.3 

2.4 




2 






7 






3 






8 






4 






9 






5 






20 






6 


2.8 

2.5 

2.5 

2.75 

2.45 

2.35 

2.3 

2.2 

2.4 

2.55 




21 






7 




22 






8 




23.. . 








9 




24 .... . 








10 




25.. . 








11 




26 








12 




27 








13 




2S 






1.5 


14 




29 






1.4 


15 




50. ... 






2.2 






51 






1.5 














Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 


1.4 
1.2 
1.5 
1.3 
1.3 

2.1 

2.05 

3.7 

2.25 

2.4 

2.55 

3.0 

2.75 

2.1 

1.9 

1.75 

4.5 

4.45 

4.4 

3.2 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

2.2 

2.8 

2.0 

2.65 

4.7 

2.4 

2.0 

2.6 


2.8 
2.3 
2.0 
2.3 
2.05 

3.6 

2.35 

2.1 

2.1 

2.3 

2.1 

2.0 

1.8 

1.65 

1.56 

1.5 

1.45 

1.4 

1.35 

1.4 

1.35 

1.3 

1.45 

1.35 

1.25 

2.2 
1.9 
1.5 


1.35 
1.3 

1.66 

1.3 

1.16 

1.1 

1.15 

1.45 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1 

1.15 

1.0 

.9 

.9 

.9 

.95 

.85 

.85 

.85 

1.05 
1.5 
1.3 
1.2 

2.85 

3.0 

1.7 

1.65 

1.3 

1.15 

1.1 


1.1 
1.1 

.96 

.9 

.9 

.85 

.85 

.85 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.9 

.75 

.8 

.8 

.8 
.8 
.9 
.95 
1.0 

1.1 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.45 

1.3 

2.45 

1.8 

1.4 

1.4 


1.35 

1.3 

1.4 

1.35 
1.36 

1.3 

1.35 

1.6 

1.7 

1.45 

1.45 

1.36 

.9 

.95 

.95 

1.1 

1.05 
.95 
.95 
.95 

1.75 

2.3 

2.1 
.8 
.7 

1.4 
1.4 
2.5 
1.9 
1.6 
1.7 


1.6 

1.65 

1.7 

1.15 

1.1 

1.9 

1.75 

1.4 

1.15 

1.2 

1.05 

1.05 

1.1 

1.4 

1.15 

1.35 

1.15 

1.15 




1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.1 

1.0 
.9 
.9 
.9 
.85 

.8 

.75 

.75 

.7 

.9 

.9 

.95 

.8 

.85 

.96 

1.0 
.9 

.9 

.85 

.85 

.85 
1.95 
1.8 
1.3 
1.1 
1.05 


1.0 
.95 
.95 
.9 
.9 

.85 
.86 
.85 
.95 
.9 

.9 
1.55 
1.1 
1.6 
1.06 

.95 
1.15 
1.25 
1.3 
1.4 

1.0 
.9 
.9 

.86 
.85 

.85 

.7 

.65 

.65. 

.65 

.7 


.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.75 

.7 
.65 
.6 
.65 
1.05 

1.5 
1.4 
.8 
1.35 
1.0 

1.2 
1.7 
1.9 
1.2 
2.3 

3.75 

2.5 

2.6 

4.1 

2.35 

2.8 

2.1 

1.75 

1.6 

1.75 


1.7 

1.56 

1.85 

1.8 

1.45 

1.35 

1.35 

1.3 

1.25 

1.15 

1.1 

1.05 
.95 
.96 
.95 

.95 
.96 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 
.9 


.7 

.7 

.75 

.85 

.95 

.9 

.9 

.95 
1.15 
1.0 

1.2 
.95 
1.3 
1.65 
1.5 

1.25 

1.35 

1.6 

1.5 

1.2 

1.15 

1.15 

1.0 

1.25 

1.2 

1.15 

1.35 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1 


1.1 


2 


1.06 


3 . . . . 


1.1 


4 


1.2 




1.16 


6 


1.55 


7 


1.26 


8 


1.8 


9 


3.0 


10 




11 




12 




13 




14 








16 




17 


1 25 


18 


1.15 


19 


1.15 


20 


1.1 


21 


1.0 


22 


1 4 


23 


1.2 


24 




1 06 


25 


1 


26 




85 


27 




.75 


28 




1 2 


29 




1.7 


30 




1.5 


31 




.9 



























104 



WATER EESOUBCES OP HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, oj North Fork of Wailua River near Lihue, Kauai, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




38 
42 
33 

58 
33 

33 

38 
29 
42 
25 

52 
75 
102 
47 
69 


82 
63 
58 
95 

58 

52 
47 
117 
102 
69 

81 
219 
925 
196 
117 




1910. 
16 


47 
38 
33 
38 
164 

437 

117 

63 

52 

386 

153 
102 
63 
63 
47 
38 


47 
52 
88 
185 
110 

196 
386 
174 
219 
82 

95 

102 

185 

63 

75 


88 
75 
63 
69 
52 

63 




2 




17 




3 




18 




4 




19 




5 




20 




6 


117 
75 
75 

110 
69 

58 
52 
42 
63 
81 


21 




7 


22 




8 


23 






9 


24 






10 


25 






11 


26 

27 






12 






13 


28 




147 


14 


29 


130 


15 


30 


317 




31 


147 













Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


130 
99 
147 
114 
114 

288 
274 
888 
332 
378 

427 
590 
497 
288 
234 

198 
1,250 
1,220 
1,200 

672 

147 
156 
147 
317 
515 

260 
462 
1,340 
378 
260 
444 


515 
347 
260 
347 
274 

844 
362 
288 
288 
347 

288 
260 
210 
176 
156 

147 
138 

130 
122 
130 

122 
114 

138 
122 
106 

317 
234 
147 


122 
114 
176 
114 
92 

85 
92 
138 
99 
92 

85 
92 
72 
60 
60 

60 
66 
54 
54 
54 

78 
147 

114 
99 
634 

590 
187 
176 
114 
92 
85 


85 
85 
66 
60 
60 

54 
54 
54 
49 
49 

49 
60 
44 
49 
49 

49 
49 
60 
66 
72 

85 
147 
147 
147 
138 

114 
394 
210 
130 
130 


122 
114 
130 
122 
122 

114 
122 
166 

187 
138 

138 
122 
60 
66 
66 

85 
78 
66 
66 
66 

198 

347 

288 

49 

39 

130 
130 
410 
234 
166 
187 


166 
176 
187 
114 
147 

234 
260 

85 
497 

92 

92 
85 
234 
198 
130 

92 
99 

78 
78 
85 

130 
92 

122 
92 
92 

66 
49 
69 
99 
106 


114 
114 
114 
99 

85 

72 
60 
60 
60 

54 

49 
44 
44 
39 
60 

60 
66 
49 

54 
66 

72 
60 
60 
54 
54 

54 
247 
210 
114 

85 
78 


72 
66 
66 
60 
60 

54 
54 
54 
66 
60 

60 
156 

85 
147 
78 

66 
92 

106 

114 
130 

72 
60 
60 
54 
54 

54 
39 
34 
34 
34 
39 


30 
30 
30 
30 
44 

39 
34 
30 
34 

78 

147 
130 

49 
122 

72 

99 
187 
234 

99 
347 

910 
410 
444 
1,070 
362 

515 
288 
198 
166 
198 


187 

156 

222' 

210 

138 

122 
122 
114 
106 
92 

85 
78 
66 
66 
66 

66 
66 
66 
66 
66 

66 
60 
54 
49 
44 

39 
34 
30 
34 
34 
39 


39 
39 
44 
54 
66 

60 
60 
66 
92 
72 

99 

66 

114 

176 

147 

106 
122 
166 
147 
99 

92 
92 
72 
106 
99 

92 
122 
99 
92 
85 


86 


2 


78 


3 


85 


4 


99 


5 


92 


6 


156 


7 


106 


8 


210 


9 


590 


10 


410 


11 


187 


12 ... 


444 


13 


166 


14 


166 


15 


147 


16 


210 


17 


106 


18 


92 


19 


92 


20 


85 


21 


72 


22 


130 


23 


99 


24 


78 


25 


72 


26 


54 


27 


44 


28 


99 


29 


187 


30 


147 


31 


60 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve poorly defined from Aug. 6 to Oct. 21, 1910, and 
from a curve well defined below 500 second-feet after Dec. 28. 1910. No record ol flow from Oct. 22 to Dec. 
27, 1910, inclusive, on account of destruction of the station. Discharge estimated by comparison with South 
Fork of Wailua River, as follows: June 4 to 10 and 26 to 30; Oct. 23 to Nov. 3; Dec. 10 to 16, 1911. The 
table does not include the water diverted by Kanaha ditch above the station. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 105 

Monthly discharge of North Fork of Wailua River near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 








(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


437 


33 


99.2 


5,120 


386 


25 


92.8 


5,520 


925 


47 


128 


5,330 


1,340 


99 


444 


27,300 


844 


106 


248 


13,800 


590 


54 


129 


7,930 


394 


44 


93.7 


5,580 


410 


39 


140 


8,610 


497 


49 


134 


7,970 


247 


39 


79.2 


4,870 


156 


34 


70.2 


4,320 


1,070 


30 


215 


12,800 


222 


30 


85.4 


5,250 


176 


39 


92.6 


5,510 


590 


44 


150 


9,220 


1,340 


30 


156 


113,000 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

August 6-31 

September 

October 1-21 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Note. — The above estimate does not include the flow of Kanaha ditch. 



KANAKA DITCH NEAR LIHUE, KAUAI. 

Kanaha ditch diverts water from the south side of North Fork of 
Wailua River, about 1 mile above the gaging station on the river 
and 9 or 10 miles northwest of Lihue. This ditch furnishes water for 
the cane lands between the North and South Forks, and then crosses 
the South Fork and unites with the Lihue ditch from the South Fork. 

A gaging station was established on Kanaha ditch August 1, 1910, 
in the open ditch a few hundred feet below the intake. The gage is 
on the right bank. Measurements are made in the flume about 200 
feet above the gage. 

The record at this station shows how much water is taken from 
North Fork above the river gaging station for irrigating cane by the 
Lihue Plantation Co. 

Discharge measurements of Kanaha ditch near Lihue, Kauai, in 1910. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 31 


A. G. Schnack 


Feet: 
6.0 
7.0 
4.5 
4.5 


Sq.ft. 
16.0 
18.0 
11.6 
12.0 


Feet. 
3.40 
3.25 

3.4 
3.49 


Sec.-ft. 

35.8 


Aug. 2 


do 


37.5 


31 


do 


34.3 


Oct. 1 


Martin and Pierce 


34.2 









a May be in error. Taken from gage-height book for this date. 
Note. — Measurements made at various sections. 



106 WATEB EESOUECES OP HAWAII. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kanaka ditch near Lihue, Kauai, for 1910-11. 

[Mori, observer.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec 


1910. 












1910. 












1 




3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.5 
3.4 

3.5 


3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 


2.7 

















16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 


3.5 
3.5 
3.4 
3.4 
3.5 

3.5 


3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.4 


3.6 
3.5 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 











1.2 


2 




1.2 


3 




1 2 


4 




1.2 


5 




1 2 


6 


3.3 


2.1 


7 


3.4 


3.5 


3.6 








22 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 





2.5 


8 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 








23 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 





2.9 


9 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 








24 


3.4 


3.5 


3.6 





2.9 


10 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 








25 


3.4 


3.4 


3.6 





2.1 


11 


3.5 


3.5 


3.5 








26 


3.5 


3.4 


3.6 





2.2 


12 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 








27 


3.5 


3.4 


3.7 





2.1 


13 


3.4 


3.5 


3.7 








28 


3.4 


3.5 


3.7 





2.8 


14 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 








29 


3.5 


3.4 


3.4 





2.8 


15 


3.5 


3.5 


3.6 





1.2 


30 

31 


3.5 
3.4 


3.4 


3.4 
3.4 





2.8 
2.8 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.5 
2.5 

2.4 

2.4 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 

1.0 



















































1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 


1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 


2.0 
2.0 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.7 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 


2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.8 

2.8 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 


3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.0 

2.95 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 

3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 


2.9 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
2.8 

2.8 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
3.0 
2.9 

2.9 

2.9 

2.85 

2.8 

2.8 

2.75 

2.7 

3.1 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 


1.2 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.8 
2.8 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 

2.85 

2.8 

2.8 

3.0 

2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.75 
2.8 

2.8 
2.75 
2.8 
2.8 
3.0 
3.0 


2.9 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.15 

3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 

3.0 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.2 

3.1 
3.0 
2.9 
2.1 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.65 

2.65 
2.6 
2.8 
2.85 
2.9 

2.8 
2.85 
2.8 
2.8 
2.85 
3.0 


2.75 

2.75 

2.7 

2.85 

2.85 

2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

3.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.1 

3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 

2.3 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 


1.6 


2 


1.5 


3 


1.5 


4 


1.5 


5 


1.5 


6 


1.6 


7 


1.5 


8 


1.4 


9 


1.4 


10 


1.4 


11 


1.4 


12 


1.4 


13 


1.4 


14 


1.6 


15 


1.6 


16 


1.6 


17 


1.5 


18 


1.5 


]9 


1.5 


20 


1.5 


21 


2.3 


22 





23 





24 





25 





26 





27 


2.5 


28 


2.5 


29 


2.55 


30 


2.5 


31.. 


2.5 







Note.— Discharge to be published later when sufficient measurements for a rating have been made. 
KONOHIKI AND KAEHITLTJA BASINS. 
WEIR STATIONS NEAR KAPAA. 

Konohiki and Kaehulua streams, in order from south to north, 
drain two small basins north of Opaikaa-Wailua basin and south of 
the Kapaa lands. The basins are on the fee-simple lands of Olohena 
and Waipouh and reach back 5 or 6 miles from the sea. The Kae- 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



107 



hulua basin on the north appears the larger of the two. Both areas 
are comparatively open and rolling in character. 

The Makee Sugar Co. has kept records of discharge over 3-foot 
weirs on Konohiki and Kaehulua streams, and has furnished the 
records that the Geological Survey has used to compute the daily 
flow. 

Makakualele weir is on the upper part of Konohiki Stream. Kai- 
nahola and Wainamuamu weirs are on dififerent branches of Kae- 
hulua Stream, and Kuhinoa (mule stable) weir is on the main stream 
below the junction of the branches. 

Discharge measurements of Makakualele weir near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 29 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
2.3 


Sq.ft. 
0.73 


Feet. 
0.20 


Sec.-ft. 
0.71 









a Head on S-foot weir. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Makakualele weir near Kapaa, Kauai, for April- 
December, 1911. 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


2.5 
3.0 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
2.8 
2.7 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.4 
2.5 
2.5 
2.4 

2.4 
2.3 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 


2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
2.2 
1.9 
1.9 
2.0 

2.1 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

2.2 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.6 

2.4 
2.4 
2.0 
1.9 
1.6 


1.6 
1.6 
2.1 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.8 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.5 
1.8 
1.6 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 
1.4 
1.5 
1.4 

1.6 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.6 
1.5 


1.3 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 
1.1 

1.1 
1.3 
3.4 
1.4 
1.1 
1.1 


1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.2 
1.1 
1.0 
1.3 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
.9 

.9 
.9 

.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 


0.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 

.9 
.9 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 

.9 
1.0 
1.0 
.9 
.9 

5.7 
2.7 
1.5 
2.5 
3.0 

2.7 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 


1.8 
2.9 
2.2 
2.0 
1.8 

1.8 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 

1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.2 

1.2 
1.4 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 


2 


1.1 


3 


1.1 


4 


1.2 


5 


1.1 


6 


1.2 


7 ... 


1.1 


8 


1.2 


9 


1.2 


10 


1.2 


11 


1.4 


12 . 


1.2 


13 


1.1 


14 


1.2 


15 


1.1 


16 


1.1 


17 


1.1 


18 


1.2 


19 


1.2 


20 


1.1 


21 


1.1 


22 


1.3 


23 


1.2 


24 


1.2 


25. 


1.2 


26 


1.1 


27 


1.1 


28..: 


1.1 


29 


1.2 


30 


1.2 


31 


1.2 









Note.— Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily dis- 
charge in million gallons per 24 hours. 



108 WATEE RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Makakualele weir near Kapaa, Kaiuii, for Apr. 1 to Dec. SI, 1911. 



II 



Month. 



April 

May 

June 

July... 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



The period. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 



3.0 
2.4 
2.1 
3.4 
1.3 
5.7 
2.9 
1 4 
1.4 



2.2 

1.6 

1.3 

1.1 

.9 

.8 
1.2 
1.0 
1.1 



2.57 
1.94 
1.55 
1.26 
1.00 
1.44 
1.52 
1.14 
1.17 



Run-ofit 

(total in 

acre-feet). 



153 

119 
92.2 
77.5 
61.5 
85.7 
93.5 
67.8 
71.9 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kainahola weir near Kapaa, Kauai, for April-December, 

1911. 



Day. 


Apr. Maj 


T. Jun 


5. Julj 


T. 


Aug. 


Sept. Oct 




Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 1 

1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

.9 1 

.9 1 

.8 1 

1 


8 1 
8 1 
8 1 
8 1 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 


9 
9 

8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
9 
9 
9 

9 
9 










2 

1 
9 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
9 
9 
9 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

9 
9 
8 
8 

8 

8 

8 1 

8 1 

8 

8 1 


8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 

8 
8 
8 

8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
7 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 

7 

4 
9 

8 


0.8 

.8 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.7 
.7 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 


0.7 
.7 

.6 1 
.6 1 
.6 1 

.6 1 
.6 1 
.6 
.6 

.7 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.8 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

2.0 
2.7 
.9 
4.0 
1.6 

1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.0 
1.0 


9 
9 
2 
2 

1 

1 

9 
9 
9 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 

8 
8 
7 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
7 


0.7 
.7 

;i 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.8 

.7 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.7 


0.7 


2 




3.. 




4 




5 : 




6 




7 




8 . . 




9 




10 




11 




12 




13 




14 


.8 


15 


.8 


16 


.8 


17 


.8 


18 


.8 


19 


.7 


20 


.6 


21 


.7 


22 


.7 


28 


.8 


24 


.8 


25 


.8 


26 


.8 


27 


.7 


28 


.7 


29 


1.0 


30 


.8 


31 


.8 









Note. — The discharge ia second-feet has been computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily 
discharge in million gallons per 24 hours. 



Monthly discharge of Kainahola weir near Kap 


aa, Kauai, 


for Apr. 


1 to Dec 


. SI, 1911. 


Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


April 


1.2 
1.0 

1.2 

.8 

1.0 


0.8 
8 
.8 
.7 
.7 
.6 
.7 
.7 
.6 


1.05 
.85 
.86 
.81 
.73 

1.01 
.86 
.71 
.74 


62.5 


May 


52.3 


Jime 


51.2 


July 


49.8 


August 


44.9 


September 


60.1 


October 


52.9 


November 


42.2 


December . . 


45.5 






The period 








461 













ISLAND OF KAUAI. 109 

Discharge measurements of Wainamuamu weir near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
action. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 29 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
3.3 


Sq.ft. 
2.78 


Feet. 
a 0.36 


See.-ft. 
2 17 







« Head on 3-foot weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wainamuamu weir near Kapaa, Kauai, for April- 
December, 1911. 



Day. 



1 


0.9 


2 


.9 


3 


.9 


4 . . 


1.2 


5 


1.2 


6 


1.6 


7 


1.1 


8 


1.0 


9 


.9 


10 


.9 


11 


.9 


12 


.9 


13 


.9 


14 


.9 


15 


.9 


16 


.9 


17 


.9 


18 


.8 


19 


1.0 


20 


.8 


21 


.8 


22 


.8 


23 


1.0 


24 


.9 


25 


1.0 


26 


.9 


27 


.9 


28 


.9 


29 


,9 


30 


.9 


31 





Apr. 



May. 



0.9 



June. 



July. 



0.7 

.7 
.6 
.6 



.7 

.8 

1.1 



Aug. 



0.7 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 



Sept. 



0.7 
.7 
.7 
.6 
.6 



Oct. 



Nov. 



0.7 



Dec. 



1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.2 
1.2 

1.3 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.1 

1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.4 
1.0 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.2 



Note. — Discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily discharge in 
million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Wainamuamu weir near Kapaa, Kauai, for Apr. 1 to Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 




1.6 

1.6 

.9 

1.1 

.8 

.8 

.8 

1.1 

1.4 


0.8 
.8 
.7 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.7 
.6 
.6 


0.95 
.87 
.81 
.68 
.68 
.66 
.71 
.67 

1.10 


56.5 


May.. 


53.5 




48.2 


July 


41.8 


August 


41.8 


September 


39.3 


October 


43.7 


November 


39.9 


December 


67.6 






The period i 








432 













110 WATER EESOUECES OP HAWAH. 

Discharge measurements of Kuhinoa weir near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gaee 
heignt. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 29 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
2.5 


Sq.ft. 
8.2 


Feet. 
a 0. 415 


Sec.-ft. 
6.4 







« Head on 3-foot weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kuhinoa weir near Kapaa, Kauai, for May-December, 

1911. 



Day. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.5 
.4 
.4 
.6 

.7 

1.1 

1.0 

.7 

.6 

1.2 

1.5 
1.1 

.7 
.6 
.5 

1.5 
1.4 
1.0 
1.2 
1.1 

1.4 
1.1 

1.2 
1.1 
1.2 

1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.4 


1.2 
1.7 
3.6 
4.1 
1.2 

.8 

1.0 

1.8 

.9 

.9 

1.0 
.7 
1.0 
1.8 
1.0 

1.1 
.9 

1.5 
.9 

1.1 

.8 
.7 
1.4 
1.5 
1.8 

1.5 
1.5 
1.1 
1.8 
1.1 


0.7 
1.1 
1.7 
1.2 
1.0 

.6 

.8 

2.2 

1.0 

2.1 

1.8 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
1.8 

1.5 
1.7 
1.7 
2.0 
2.0 

2.4 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
3.0 

1.4 

1.8 
9.8 
4.5 
4,5 
3.4 


1.1 

1.2 
2.0 
1.8 
1.7 

1.8 
1.2 
1.6 
2.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.5 
1.8 
1.5 
12.0 

2.1 
2.0 
1.4 
2.1 
2.0 

2.7 
.9 
1.4 
1.7 
1.5 

2.0 
1.7 
1.7 
4.1 
2.2 
2.7 


3.2 
3.0 
3.9 
3.9 
4.5 

2.0 
1.5 
1.4 
1.2 
4.1 

1.8 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 
.8 

2.0 
2.2 
2.1 
2.2 
1.8 

18.0 
12.2 
8.1 
13.0 

8.4 

9.8 
5.3 
4.7 
3.0 
3.6 


5.3 

7.9 
5.9 
5.3 
3.9 

5.9 
5.9 
4.9 

5.7 
4.5 

2.4 
2.9 
2.7 
3.4 
3.9 

2.0 
1.4 
1.4 
1.7 

1.8 

2.0 
3.0 
2.7 
2.0 
2.0 

1.4 
1.7 
1.2 
1.8 
1.2 
1.4 


1.2 
1.5 
1.4 
2.0 
1.2 

1.8 
2.0 
1.7 
1.7 
2.1 

2.4 
2.4 
1.5 
2.6 
2.2 

2.0 
3.6 
1.7 
1.2 
2.2 

2.4 
2.4 
3.0 
2.2 
2.0 

2.0 
4.5 
3.4 
3.9 
2.0- 


1.8 


2 .. 


2 2 


3 


2.2 


4 


2.2 


5 


.8 


6 ■ 


1.2 




2.7 


8 


1 5 


9 


1.8 


10 


1.4 


11 


1.2 


12 . ... 


1 4 


13 


1.2 


14 


1.2 


15 . . . 


1.2 


16 


.7 


17 


1.1 


18 


1.4 


19 


.9 


20 


.9 


21 


.9 


22 


1.2 


23 


1.2 


24 


1.4 


25 


1.7 


26 


2.9 


27 


1.0 


28 


1.2 


29 


1.4 


30 


1.2 


31 


1.4 







Note. — Discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily discharge in 
million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Kuhinoa weir near Kapaa, Kauai, for May 1 to Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Mininium. 


Mean. 


May 


1.5 
4.1 

9.8 

12 

18 
7.9 
4.5 
2.9 


0.4 

.7 
.6 
.9 
.8 
1.2 
1.2 
.7 


1.02 
1.38 
2.19 
2.13 
4.36 
3.20 
2.21 
1.44 


62.7 


.Tiinfi 


82.1 


July . . 


135 


August 


131 


September . 


259 


October 


197 


November 


132 


December 


88.5 






The period 








1,090 













ISLAND OF KAUAI. Ill 

KAPAA BIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATTJRES. 

The Kapaa River basin lies on the eastern slope of Kauai. It is 
roughly rectangular in shape, and approximately 18 square miles in 
area. It reaches back 7 or 8 miles from the ocean to the peaks of 
Puu Eu (elevation 2,748 feet) and Kapehuaala (elevation 3,130 feet). 
It lies north of Kaehulua basin in Waipouli, east of upper Wailua 
and Kalihiwai basins, and south of Anahola basin. The greater part 
of the basin consists of comparatively open rolUng country. 

The main stream is formed by two important branches which drain 
approximately equal areas and unite 2 or 3 miles from the sea. The 
south branch is on pubhc land, and is called Kapaa Stream. The 
north branch is on fee simple land, and is called Kealia Stream. 
The term Kapaa River seems to be properly appUed to only the main 
stream below the junction of the two branches. 

The rainfall in the Kapaa basin ranges from 40 inches at sea level 
to 60 inches at elevation 500 feet, and possibly 300 inches or more at 
its head. 

Water is diverted from the south side of Kapaa Stream at elevation 
400 feet for cane irrigation, and from Kealia Stream at elevation 870 
feet for power and irrigation. 

Gaging stations have been established on Kapaa Stream and 
Kapahi ditch diverting water from it; also on Kaneha ditch, divert- 
ing water from Keaha Stream. 

KAPAA RIVER AT KA.PAHI, NEAR KAPAA, KAUAI, 

A gaging station was established on Kapaa Stream July 23, 1910, 
at a point about half a mile above the intake of Kap§,a ditch and about 
4 miles west of Keaha. 

A staff gage, located on the left bank of the stream and graduated 
to tenths of feet, is used for obtaining gage heights. Measurements 
are made at high water from a small wire bridge which spans the 
stream a few feet below the gage. Low-water measurements are 
made by wading. 

The width of the stream is ordinarily about 16 feet, and the range 
of stage is probably as much as 10 or 12 feet. 

The Makee Sugar Co. cooperates in maintaining this station to the 
extent of having its ditchman read the gage twice daily. 

The records show the total discharge above all diversions. 



112 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAD. 

Discharge measurements of Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 


Gage 
heignt. 


section. 


Sq. ft. 


Fett. 


36.4 


1.73 


34.8 


1.63 


34.5 


1.62 


30.3 


1.74 


27.4 


1.62 


26.1 


1.70 


29.2 


1.70 


26.8 


1.60 


47.8 


2.66 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 

July 13 
16 
23 

Nov. 19 

1911. 
May 5 
July 22 
Aug. 11 
Dec. 21 
22 



A. G. Schnack 

....do 

....do 

W. F. Martin 

W. F.Martin , 

Martin and Hardy 

W. V. Hardy 

do 

....do 



Fea. 
16.0 
16.0 
16.0 
19.3 



16.2 
15.0 
15.0 
15.5 
17.0 



Sec.^t. 
22.8 
17.7 
18.3 
25.7 



19.8 
19.7 
21.3 
17.5 
92.0 



Note.— An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. 
Measurements made at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kavm,for 1910-11. 

[S. Okimoto, observer.] 



Day. 



1910. 



July. 



Aug. 



1.60 
1.54 
1.60 
1.72 
2.20 

2.02 
1.68 
1.84 
1.88 
1.83 

1.72 
1.61 
1.59 
1.80 
2.10 



Sept 



1.51 
1.89 
1.63 
1.86 
1.60 

1.56 
1.60 
1.66 
1.60 
1.53 

1.70 
1.96 
2.40 
1.76 
1.68 



Oct. 



1.88 
1.69 
1.64 
1.80 
1.62 

1.62 
1.61 
2.14 
2.00 
1.80 

1.64 
2.10 
2.92 
1.96 
1.76 



Nov. 



2.8 

5.65 

2.65 

2.10 

2.04 

1.82 
1.80 
1.98 
1.79 
1.86 

2.14 
1.77 
1.72 
1.64 
1.61 



Dec. 



2.18 
1.95 
1.71 
1.88 
2.29 

3.10 
2.28 
1.84 
1.92 
1.74 

1.68 
1.62 
1.60 
1.58 
1.56 



Day. 



16 



17 




18 




19 




20 




21 




22 




23 


1.60 


24 


1.74 


25 .. 


1.68 


26 


1.58 


27 


1.68 


28 


1.92 


29 


1.64 


30 


1.60 


31 


1.58 



July. 



Aug. 



1.62 
1.62 
1.58 
1.52 
2.10 

2.52 
1.85 
1.62 
1.59 
2.68 

1.92 
1.99 
1.70 
1.67 
1.58 
1.52 



Sept. 



1.64 
1.65 
2.80 
2.02 
1.88 

2.32 
1.95 
2.09 
1.88 
2.14 

1.94 
2.21 
2.02 
1.78 
1.78 



Oct. 



1.65 
1.60 
1.58 
1.73 
1.64 

1.60 
1.62 
1.92 
1.64 
1.57 

1.54 
5.98 
3.40 
2.14 
1.90 
1.79 



Nov. 



1.60 
1.60 
1.60 
1.69 
1.60 

1.59 
1.58 
1.68 
1.64 
2.09 

2.75 
1.92 
1.68 
2.05 
1.95 



Dec. 



1.54 
1.53 
1.52 
1.62 
1.61 

1.50 
1.50 
2.02 
2.30 
2.68 

2.36 
2.10 
1.78 
1.73 
2.28 
1.74 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


1.64 


2.50 


1.64 


1.55 


1.86 


1.76 


1.68 


1.60 


2.06 


1.50 


1.60 


2.11 


1.62 


1.54 


2.02 


1.74 


1.61 


1.55 


1.91 


1.50 


1.58 


1.92 


1.60 


1.74 


2.79 


1.74 


1.58 


1.54 


1.99 


1.49 


1.58 


2.32 


1.60 


1.68 


2.08 


1.80 


1.56 


1.52 


2.20 


1.48 


2.71 


2.68 


1.58 


1.69 


1.78 


1.75 


1.54 


1.71 


1.82 


1.54 


1.82 


2.45 


1.57 


1.69 


1.84 


1.86 


1.54 


1.62 


1.81 


1.56 


1.85 


2.34 


1.56 


1.76 


1.80 


1.65 


1.53 


1.63 


1.74 


1.51 


4.50 


2.23 


1.55 


1.86 


1.92 


1.60 


1.58 


1.56 


1.66 


1.49 


2.22 


2.60 


1.55 


1.95 


1.76 


1.58 


1.58 


1.61 


1.66 


1.48 


2.06 


2.32 


1.55 


1.86 


1.66 


2.08 


1.80 


1.98 


1.60 


1.66 


1.98 


2.08 


1.54 


1.90 


1.82 


1.92 


1.66 


2.42 


1.58 


1.80 


3.70 


2.16 


1.60 


1.74 


1.66 


1.74 


2.42 


2.02 


1.57 


1.54 


2.06 


2.04 


1.96 


1.62 


2.44 


1.70 


1.68 


1.71 


1.57 


1.80 


1.84 


1.84 


2.31 


1.60 


2.17 


2.16 


1.84 


1.85 


1.56 


1.98 


1.78 


1.78 


1.64 


1.70 


1.99 


1.68 


1.76 


2.47 


1.55 


2.18 


1.70 


1.72 


1.64 


2.03 


1.78 


1.68 


1.73 


1.94 


1.56 


1.72 


3.25 


1.70 


1.93 


1.90 


1.96 


1.78 


1.87 


2.33 


1.60 


1.68 


1.94 


1.66 


1.98 


1.64 


1.70 


1.62 


1.86 


2.11 


1.58 


2.01 


1.79 


1.64 


2.25 


1.58 


1.64 


1.62 


1.80 


1.74 


1.52 


1.92 


1.70 


1.68 


1.90 


1.56 


1.74 


1.82 


1.98 


1.79 


1.52 


1.67 


1.68 


1.70 


2.30 


1.70 


2.20 


1.98 


1.68 


3.60 


1.68 


1.62 


1.67 


1.65 


1.82 


4.08 


1.82 


1.72 


1.59 


3.20 


1..54 


1.78 


1.65 


1.62 


2.14 


2.05 


2.10 


1.62 


1.56 


2.18 


1.54 


1.58 


1.81 


1.80 


1.96 


1.74 


1.84 


1.63 


1.56 


4.85 


1.53 


1.62 


2.22 


1.70 


1.85 


1.65 


1.75 


1.57 


1.52 


2.18 


1.52 


2.20 


2.00 


1.96 


1.68 


1.64 


1.69 


1.54 


1.62 


2.64 


1.52 


1.78 


2.50 


2.65 


1.73 


1.98 


1.82 


1.96 


1.67 


1.98 


1.50 


2.56 


3.80 


1.84 


1.68 


2.26 


2.07 


2.15 


1.54 


1.99 


1.50 


1.98 


2.14 




1.62 


2.09 


2.42 


1.88 


1.53 


1.88 


1.58 


1.77 


1.89 




1.57 


1.89 


2.30 


1.72 


1.62 


1.86 


1.52 


1.70 


2.40 






1.82 




1.62 


1.82 




1.52 









Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



1.60 
1.56 
1.66 
1.89 
1.62 

1.78 
1.92 
2.12 
2.60 
1.92 

2.36 
1.99 
1.89 
1.94 
1.96 

1.86 
1.78 
1.80 
1.72 
1.65 

1.61 
2.44 
1.84 
1.66 
1.60 

1.57 
1.54 
1.56 
2.38 
2.26 
1.79 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 113 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




18 
16 
18 
22 
52 

38 
22 
30 
32 
30 

22 

18 
18 
27 
45 


14 
32 
20 
30 
18 

16 
18 
16 
18 
16 

22 

35 
69 
24 
22 


32 
22 
20 
27 
18 

18 
18 
48 
38 
27 

20 
45 
121 
35 
24 


109 
520 
93 
45 
42 

27 
27 
38 
27 
30 

48 
24 
22 
20 

18 


52 
35 
22 
32 
60 

145 
60 
30 
32 
24 

22 
18 
18 
18 
16 


1910. 
16 




18 
18 
18 

'A 

78 
30 
18 
18 
98 

32 
38 
22 
20 
18 
14 


20 
20 
109 
38 
32 

60 
35 
45 
32 
48 

35 

52 
38 
27 
27 


20 

18 
18 
24 
20 

18 
18 
32 
20 
16 

16 
573 
184 
48 
32 
27 


18 

18 
18 
22 
18 

18 
18 
22 
20 
45 

104 
32 
22 
42 
35 




16 


2 




17 




16 


3 




18 




14 


4 




19 




14 


5 




20 




14 


6 




21 




14 


7 . . 




22 




14 


8 




23 


18 
24 
22 

18 
22 
32 
20 
18 
18 


38 


9 . . 




24 


60 


10 




25 


98 


11 




26.... 


64 


12 




27 


4f 


13 




28 


27 


14 




29 


24 


15 




30 


60 






31 


24 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


20 

18 
18 
18 
98 

27 
30 
348 
52 
42 

38 
228 
42 
30 
27 

22 

164 
35 
27 
22 

22 
20 
20 
27 
52 

38 
78 
243 
48 
32 
69 


78 
45 
32 
60 
98 

74 
64 
56 
88 
60 

45 
48 
42 
30 
27 

22 

22 
20 
20 
22 

22 
20 
18 
27 
22 

35 
93 
30 


20 
18 
18 
18 

18 

16 
16 
16 
16 
16 

16 
18 
35 
60 
20 

20 
35 
38 
56 
32 

60 
27 
48 
35 
30 

22 
24 
22 

18 
16 


16 
16 
24 
22 
22 

22 
24 
30 
35 
30 

32 
24 
18 
18 
22 

42 
32 
20 
18 
16 

22 
288 
42 
24 
20 

20 
38 
56 
45 
32 
27 


30 
38 
109 
45 
27 

30 
27 
32 
24 
20 

27 
20 
74 
48 
38 

27 
35 
22 
20 
24 

52 
27 
45 
30 
24 

22 
27 
42 
69 
60 


24 
24 
24 
27 
24 

30 
20 
18 
18 
45 

32 

24 
22 
48 
22 

22 
27 
18 
18 
27 

38 
22 
18 
20 
16 

16 
35 

48 
32 
22 
IS 


22 
18 
18 
16 
16 

16 
16 

18 
18 
27 

20 
69 
22 
30 
24 

24 
30 
30 
27 
38 

22 
18 
16 
16 
14 

18 
20 
16 
16 
18 
27 


18 
16 
16 
14 
22 

18 
20 
16 
18 
38 

69 
38 
22 
30 
74 

35 
64 
45 
25 
27 

213 
158 

52 
400 

52 

93 
38 
38 
32 
30 


42 
32 
38 
52 
27 

27 
24 
20 
20 

18 

18 
16 
16 
16 
16 

16 
18 
18 
14 
14 

22 
16 
16 
16 
14 

14 

14 
14 
18 
14 
14 


14 
14 
14 
14 
16 

16 
14 
14 
14 
16 

27 
16 
27 
38 
52 

22 
22 
38 
32 
20 

18 
27 
18 
18 
52 

27 
83 
38 
24 
22 


18 


2 


16 


3 


16 


4 


32 


5 


18 


6 


27 


7 


32 


8 


45 


9 


88 


10 


32 


11 


64 


12 


38 


13 


32 


14 


35 


15 


35 


16 


30 


17 


27 


18 


27 


19 


22 


20 


20 


21 


18 


22 


74 


23 


30 


24 


20 


25 


18 


26 


16 


27 


16 


28 


16 


29 


69 


30 


56 


31 


27 











Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined below 100 second-feet. It 
gives the total flow of the river above all diversiooa. No records were obtained during March, 1911. 



74323°— wsp 318—13 8 



114 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Kapaa River at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kavxti,for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



July 23-31 . . 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December . , 



1910. 



109 
573 
520 
145 



The period . 



January 

February.. 

April , 

May 

June 

July , 

August.. ... 
September. 

October 

November. 
December . , 



348 



109 
48 
69 

400 

52 
83 



The period . 



21.3 
29.3 
32.9 
51.5 
51.4 
36.3 



63.1 

43.6 
26.8 
35.4 
37.2 
25.8 
22.6 
57.7 
20.6 
25.6 
32.7 



380 
1,800 
1,960 
3,170 
3,060 
2,230 



3,880 
2,420 
1,590 
2,180 
2,210 
1,590 
1,390 
3,430 
1,260 
1,520 
2,010 



23,500 



AKULIKULI SPRINGS NEAR KAPAA, KAUAI. 

Akulikuli Springs, so called, is a small stream tributary to the 
Kapaa Stream from the west a short distance below the intake of 
Kapaa ditch. It has a very uniform flow, which probably comes 
from springs. 

In order to determine the minimum flow of this stream the water 
was diverted in the summer of 1909 and run over a 3-foot weir 
installed by the Territorial Pubhc Works Department. This weir 
measures only the low and moderate flow of the stream, the freshet 
flow passing down the main channel. 

The Makee Sugar Co. has kept a record on this weir since April 1, 
1911, and has kindly furnished the results to the Geological Survey. 

Discharge measurements of Akulikuli Springs near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 11 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
3.0 


Sq.ft. 
2.25 


Feet. 
0.35 


Sec.-ft. 
2 52 







o Head on 3-foot weir 
Note.— Measurement made by wading about 250 feet below weir. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



115 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Akulilculi Springs near Kapaa, Kauai, for April- 
December, 1911. 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.8 
1.8 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 


2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.4 
3.2 
2.9 
2.4 


2.4 
2.4 
2.6 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.6 
2.5 
2.4 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.3 

2.7 
2.7 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.5 
2.7 


2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.4 
3.0 
2.5 
2.4 
2.4 


2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.3 
2.4 

2.4 
2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 


2.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.1 

2.1 
2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.6 

2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.0 
2.2 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
1.8 
1.6 
1.5 


1.5 
1.5 
1.6 
1.8 
1.6 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.4 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 


2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
2.1 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.9 
2.5 

2.5 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.9 


2 


1.9 


3 


1.9 


4 


1.9 


5 


1.9 


6 


1.9 


7 


1.9 


8 


2.1 


9 


2.1 


10 


2.1 


11 


2.1 


12 


2.2 


13 


2.2 


14 


2.2 




2.2 




2.2 


17 


2.2 




2.1 


19 


2.0 




2.2 




2.1 


22 


2.1 


23 


2.1 


24 


2.1 




2.0 




2.0 


27 


2.0 




2.0 


29 


2.5 




2.3 


31 


2.3 









Note.— Discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of discharge in million 
gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Akulilculi Springs near Kapaa, Kauai, for Apr. 1-Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. . 
December. . 



2.4 
3.2 
2.7 
3.0 
2.4 
2.6 
2.4 
2.5 
2.5 



The period. 



1.8 
2.2 
2.3 
2.1 
2.1 
1.5 
1.5 
1.2 
1.9 



2.33 
2.35 
2.43 
2.25 
2.19 
2.06 
1.79 
1.90 
2.09 



139 
144 
145 
138 
135 
123 
110 
113 
129 



1,180 



KAPAHI DITCH AT KAPAHI, NEAR KAPAA, KAUAI. 

Kapahi ditch diverts water from the south side of Kapaa stream 
at a point about 400 feet above sea level and about half a mile below 
the gaging station on the stream. 

This ditch diverts all the ordinary flow of Kapaa stream and divides 
into three branch ditches a short distance below the intake. 



116 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



A 20-foot weir was established on the main ditch about 600 feet 
below the intake April 15, 1909, by the Territorial Public Works 
Department. A Watson clock register is used for recording the 
head on the weir. 

The Makee Sugar Co. cooperates in maintaining this station to 
the extent of having its ditchman attend to the clock register. 

The record shows the total amount of water diverted from Kapaa 
stream through this ditch. 

Discharge measurements of Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


May 11 
July 22 
Aug. 14 
Dec. 21 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 

6.8 
6.9 

7.0 
6.7 


Sq.ft. 
10.0 
14.4 
22.6 
3.8 


Feet. 

0.455 
.485 
.575 
.43 


Sec.-ft. 
20 4 




22.7 


W.V.Hardy . . 


31 8 


do 


18.5 









Note.— Measurements made at various sections. Gage heights are depth of water on crest of 20-foot weir. 
Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










31 
39 
53 
39 
25 

24 
24 
23 
26 
67 

42 
26 
29 
24 
22 

21 
19 
17 
24 
24 

17 
17 
16 
14 
14 

14 
13 
22 
14 
14 
16 


14 
13 
26 
24 
21 

16 
21 
17 
14 
23 

17 
19 
17 
14 
17 

19 
19 
16 
25 
20 

33 
31 
32 
34 
24 

29 
26 
26 
19 
35 


24 
29 
22 
17 
20 

20 
19 
44 
28 
36 

28 
29 
20 
26 
22 

46 
29 
32 
35 
48 

32 
31 
21 
22 
51 

33 
41 
35 
32 
26 
26 


22 
23 
24 
17 
29 

18 
17 
18 
16 
26 

20 
19 
19 
22 
18 

19 
22 
20 
24 
23 

18 
19 
16 
19 
17 

19 
19 
21 
17 
17 
16 


15 
14 
13 
13 
16 

14 
17 
19 
19 
24 

24 
16 
15 
14 
26 

32 
24 
19 
20 
16 

14 
14 
16 
13 
13 

13 
16 
18 
23 
16 
25 


14 
13 
16 
14 
13 

14 
14 
13 
12 
12 

12 
14 
15 
13 
33 

19 
15 
16 

17 

28 

23 
16 
26 
18 
22 

19 
21 
33 
25 
21 
a 24 


26 
26 
20 
17 
16 

16 

14 

al4 

ol5 

ol5 

ol6 

an 

al7 

18 

16 

14 

14 
13 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
13 

16 
12 
12 
12 
12 


20 


2 










27 


3 










18 


4 










19 


5 










35 


fi 










23 


7 










17 


8 










14 


9 










13 


10 










14 


11 










13 


12 










12 


13 










12 


14 










12 


15 








14 

14 
14 
14 
14 
15 

14 
14 
15 
14 
14 

15 
15 

17 
17 
48 


12 


16 








12 


17 








12 


18 








11 


19 








12 


20 








12 


21 








14 


22 








14 


23 








37 


24 








38 


25 








36 


26 








21 


27 








9.3 


28 








9.3 


29 








10 


30 








9.3 


31 


....... 






9.3 



o Discharge interpolated. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



117 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kapahi ditch at Kapdhi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 

1909-1911— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


9 

9 

al2 

aU 

al6 

ol8 

a20 

022 

24 

25 

25 
25 
25 
24 
24 

22 
24 
24 
20 
23 

24 
24 
25 
25 
24 

22 
24 
24 
20 
17 
16 

19 
17 
16 
16 
22 

24 
24 
16 


15 
15 
14 
17 
20 

20 
16 
14 
14 
19 

24 
20 
22 
17 
16 

14 
14 
14 
14 
12 

13 
14 
19 
14 
14 

13 

13 
19 


22 
22 
22 
23 
22 

22 
22 
19 
16 
14 

13 
13 
13 
14 
13 

12 
12 
12 
16 
16 

16 
15 
19 
16 
18 

15 

19 
20 
20 
19 
19 


a 21 

a 22 

24 

17 

16 

19 
18 
16 
14 
13 


14 

16 
14 
16 
14 

16 
21 
16 


31 
23 
24 
24 
22 

20 
18 
21 
23 
18 

18 
25 


19 
16 
16 
20 
17 

16 
15 
14 
13 
15 

14 
24 
19 
24 
20 

16 
17 
29 
14 
18 

17 
16 
16 
19 
17 

15 

18 
30 
17 
14 
13 


14 
14 
14 
21 
36 

31 
18 
21 
21 
19 

17 
14 
19 
22 
24 

15 
16 
13 
12 
36 

24 
21 
16 
14 
29 

24 
21 
16 
17 
14 
14 

ol7 
17 
16 
16 
15 

14 
14 
16 
16 
21 

19 
25 
23 
26 
22 

21 
22 
22 
23 
23 

20 
17 
16 
16 
15 

19 
20 
17 
24 
20 
25 


19 
27 
17 
24 
16 

14 
13 
12 
14 
13 

18 
27 
36 
21 
17 

21 
17 
31 
25 
27 

25 
23 
24 
16 
22 

34 
34 
22 
21 
23 

19 
16 
16 
14 
14 

17 
021 
a 26 
a 30 

35 

31 
24 
26 
27 
39 

30 
35 
33 
34 
24 

U 
17 
15 
13 
6.1 

13 
4.3 
2.4 
2.8 
2.4 


17 
16 
19 
14 
15 

16 
25 
36 
41 

"26"' 
15 
13 

16 
39 
13 
14 
26 
21 

2.3 

5.2 
18 
47 
27 

14 

8.8 
8.8 

14 

18 

17 
17 
16 
16 
16 

16 
17 
17 
16 
16 

19 
16 
16 
15 
15 

14 
14 
14 
16 
15 
15 


23 
7.0 
4.7 

10 

13 

12 
19 
30 
26 
15 

8.5 
8.3 
8.0 

12 

17 

16 
15 
15 
17 
16 

15 
16 
21 
18 

?o 

39 
30 
21 
30 
36 

14 
14 
14 
14 
16 

17 
14 
14 
16 
18 

24 
17 
24 

47 
32 

17 
17 
25 
26 
21 

19 
21 
18 
19 
18 

8.8 
8.8 

16 

20 

20 


40 


2 


29 


3 


21 


4 


26 


5 


29 


6 


24 


7 

8 


17 
17 


9 


17 


10 


17 


11 


17 


12 








13 








14 










15 










16 










17 












17 

18 
39 

36 
24 
26 
29 
29 

26 
26 
21 
18 
15 






14 


19 


■■-■-■ 

19 
16 
14 

13 
12 
12 
15 
27 
31 


18 
19 

18 
18 
17 
21 
25 

22 
17 
22 
30 
27 


14 


20 


14 




13 


22 


14 


23 


26 


24 


29 




27 


26 


26 


27 


26 




24 


29 


24 


30 


26 


31 


21 


1911. 
1 


18 


2 














16 
















17 


4 














20 
















19 


6 


14 
16 
13 
13 
13 

13 
13 
13 
13 
13 

17 
21 
19 
19 
23 

20 
21 
19 
17 
21 

21 
22 












20 


7 












20 


8 












21 


9 












■ 21 


10 














20 


11 














20 


12 














20 


13 














20 


14 














20 


15 








28 

19 
17 
16 
21 
29 

37 
22 
18 
17 
16 

15 
19 
22 
21 






20 


16 












19 


17 












19 


18 












19 


19 












19 


20 












19 


21 












39 


22 










21 


20 


23 










19 


19 


24 








19 


25 












18 


26.. 












17 


27 












16 


28 












16 


29 














16 


30 














16 


31 


::::::::::: 1 












16 






1 















Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— Daily discharge computed from resords of head on a 20-foot weir as obtained by a WatSOQ dock 
egister. No records were obtained on the days for which discharge Is not given. 



118 WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAH. 

Monthly discharge of Kapahi ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-oft 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



April 15-30. 

May 

June 

July 

August. . .. 
September. 

October 

November . 
December.. 



1909. 



The period. 



January 

February 

March 

AprU 1-10 and 18-30 

May 1-8 and 22-31 

Jane 1-12 and 19-30 

July 

Augnst 

September 

OAober 1-9 and 23-31 

November 

December l-ll and 18-31. 

The period 



January 1-8... 
Febru8ury &-27. 

May 15-29 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 



14 
13 
13 
17 
16 
13 
12 
12 
9.3 



9 
12 

12 
13 
12 
17 
13 
12 
12 
13 
4.7 
13 



16 

13 

15 

14 
2.4 
2.3 
8.8 

16 



16.8 
24.8 
22.0 
29.8 
19.8 
18.4 
18.2 
15.1 
17.0 



21.0 
16.1 
17.2 
21.9 
17.1 
21.7 
17.7 
19.6 
21.8 
20.9 
18.3 
22.1 



19.2 
17.0 
21.1 
19.3 
20.1 
16.0 
19.0 
18.7 



533 
1,520 
1,310 
1,830 
1,220 
1,090 
1,120 

898 
1,050 

10,600 



1,290 

894 
1,060 

999 

601 
1,030 
1,090 
1,210 
1,300 

746 
1,090 
1,100 



12.400 



305 

742 
628 
1,190 
1,200 
984 
1,130 
1,150 



TUNNEL DITCH AT KAPAHI, NEAR KAPAA, KAUAI. 

Tunnel ditch is a branch of Kapahi ditch, taking water from the 
main ditch to the upper Kapaa reservoir. 

A 10-foot weir was estabhshed on this ditch by the Territorial 
Public Works Department in the spring of 1909. A Watson clock 
register was used for recording the head on the weir. 

This station was abandoned in the summer of 1911. 

The records show the amount of water diverted from the main 
Kapahi ditch to the upper Kapaa reservoir. 

Discharge measurements of Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1909. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1909. 
Dec 17 


W. F. Martin. 


Feet. 
10.8 


Sq.ft. 
3.9 


Feet. 
oO.lS 


Sec.-ft. 
2.60 









a Head on 10-foot weir. 



ISLAND OP KAUAI. 



119 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 

1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 












0.15 
.09 
12 
12 

6.5 

1.8 
6.8 
3.0 
1.2 
10 

4.0 
5.0 
4.2 


9.0 
14 
8.5 
3.6 
4.9 

7.0 
5.5 

20 

14 

22 

13 

15 
4.5 
1.8 
1.5 

11 

8.7 
12 
14 
20 

12 
12 

2.0 
.9 

2.0 

.37 
.37 
.36 

12 

17 

17 

5.5 
1.5 
.45 
.6 
.45 

.45 
.45 
.40 
.35 
.40 

.35 
5.5 
7.0 
8.0 
7.0 

2.0 
.45 
3.5 
1.5 
3.0 

2.0 
.35 
.30 
.40 
.40 

.37 

.40 

8.5 

3.0 

1.0 

.30 


8.5 

9.1 
11 

3.3 
14 

4.1 
3.4 
3.0 

6.3 
4.4 
4.8 
8.1 
4.6 

1.7 
2.3 
.23 
2.2 
9.1 

4.0 
.23 

.17 
4.0 

2.7 

4.6 
5.3 
5.7 
3.6 
3.9 
3.6 

.30 
.30 
.35 
8.5 
21 

22 
8.0 

10 
9.0 
5.0 

4.0 
.37 
.40 
2.0 
9.0 

1.5 
.30 

2.5 
4.2 
1.5 
.25 

12 

10 

10 
2.0 
.40 
.35 
.35 


2.5 
1.4 
1.0 
1.0 
4.7 

2.0 
5.0 
6.3 
6.2 
11 

10 
3.8 
1.2 

8.4 
11 

17 

12 
6.6 
7.6 
2.0 

6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
8.4 
9.9 
12 
8.4 

4.3 
10 
2.0 
3.5 
1.6 

.37 
.36 
.36 
.36 
.30 

4.5 

10 

16 
6.0 
2.5 

3.5 
2.5 

12 

15 

12 

5.5 

4.5 
4.5 
5.0 
10 

17 

18 
7.0 
4.3 
9.0 


5.4 
5.4 
5.4 



.... 


5.4 

.23 
.18 
.18 
.14 

.10 


6.8 


2 












15 


3 












5.6 


4 












9.3 


5 












15 


6 












10 


7 












5.5 


8 
















4.4 


9 
















4.1 


10 
















4.3 


11 
















3.2 


12 
















2.6 


13 
















2.5 


14 
















'"'5."4' 

3.0 
.6 
.7 
.6 
.5 

.5 
10 

7.0 
12 

8.4 

2.0 
12 
22 
12 


.23 

.18 

.18 
.18 
.18 
.14 
.10 

.06 
.10 
.06 
.10 
.14 

.23 
.18 
.06 
.83 
1.6 



7.0 
.8 
.02 

3.5 

5.9 

5.5 


2.2 
















2.2 
















2.0 


17 , 














2.1 
















1.4 


19 














2.6 
















3.2 


21 : 














4.7 


23 














4.3 


23 














27 


24 














25 












2.2 

2.2 

.5 
4.6 

.0 
1.0 
1.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.3 
2.4 
2.2 

2.6 
3.2 
2.9 
3.0 
2.6 

2.1 

1.0 
.5 
.40 
.37 

.7 
.5 
.9 
1.0 
.8 

.7 

.5 

.5 

.35 

.25 

.20 
.12 
.05 


io'"" 

11 
4.8 
18 

""aH 

.40 
.35 
.37 
.40 
.37 

.37 
.50 
.40 
.37 
.37 

.35 
.35 
.25 
.25 
.27 

.30 
.35 
.30 
.35 
.45 

.45 

.37 

2.0 

5.0 

7.2 


24 












8.4 


27 










.33 


28 










.41 


29 










.41 


30 










.40 


31 










.31 


1910. 
1 


.28 

.28 

.23 

7.4 

11 

15 
14 
14 
14 
14 

14 
15 
15 
14 
13 

12 

10 
8.1 
6.8 
7.9 

7.8 
8.6 
8.6 
8.4 
8.2 

7.3 

7.6 
7.8 
6.4 
5.5 
4.8 


4.4 
4.7 
4.1 
5.8 
6.5 

6.2 
4.4 
3.8 
3.3 
9.2 

8.4 
6.6 
7.0 
5.5 
4.5 

3.6 
3.8 
3.5 
3.6 
3.0 

3.9 
4.2 
6.0 
4.4 
4.4 

4.0 

4.4 
8.7 


10 
9.9 
10 
11 
10 

10 

10 
8.3 
6.4 
5.8 

3.9 
3.0 
2.7 
3.0 
2.6 

2.4 
1.4 

.48 
5.5 

.35 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 


4.2 
4.3 
3.2 
2.6 
2.0 

1.4 

1.0 

1.0 

.8 

.7 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 

7.1 
4.2 
4.8 
14 

16 
6.9 
4.8 
4.8 
4.3 

4.1 
4.1 
3.6 
3.0 
2.5 


17 


2 


14 




9.5 


4 


6.5 




7.5 


6 


8.5 


7 


7.0 




6.3 


9 


6.0 


10 


5.8 


11 


5.6 


12 


5.5 




5.2 


14 


7.0 


15 


6.3 




.7 
.6 

.8 




4.6 


17 


4.5 




6.0 


19 


6.5 




"'i'o' 

2.0 
.6 

3.0 
14 

4.5 

7.5 
17 

8.5 


.5 

.5 

.8 

1.0 

.6 

15 

17 

12 
3.0 
8.5 

15 


6.3 


21 


5.5 


22 


4.0 


23 


1.0 


24 


1.0 


25 


.6 




.37 


27 


.37 


28 


3.0 


29 


6.0 


30 


5.8 


31 


5.6 



120 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 
1909-1911— Gontmued . 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1911. 
1 


6.6 
6.0 
5.5 
5.3 

8.2 

9.0 
8.5 


2.9 
3.5 
2.8 

2.8 
2.9 


1911. 
11 




2.8 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

5.5 
8.2 
7.6 
7.4 
8.5 


1911. 
21 




8.0 


2 


12 




22 




7.5 


3 


13 




23 




7.2 


4 


14 




24 




7.0 


5 


15 




25 




8.1 


6 


16 




26 




8.7 


7 


17 




27 




9 


8 


18 




28 






9 




19 




29 






10 




20 




30 














31 















Note. — Daily discharge computed from records of head on a 10-foot weir as obtained by a Watson clock 
register. No records were obtained on the days for which discharge is not given. 

Monthly discharge of Tunnel ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1909. 



May 25-31 

June 1-13 and 27-30 

July 

August 1-8 and 11-31 

September 

October 1-3 and 31 

November 1-6 and 14-30. 
December 



4.6 

18 

22 

14 

17 
5.4 
5.4 

27 



The period. 



1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 1-28 

June 5-30 

July 

August 1-17 and 21-31 

September 

October 1-14, 16-18 and 23-31.. . 

November 1-6 and 20-30 

Decern ber 



15 
9.2 

11 

16. 
3.2 
7.2 
8.5 

22 

18 

22 

17 

17 



The period. 



22 



1911. 



January 1-7... 
February 6-27. 



9.0 
9.0 



0.00 
.09 
.36 
.17 

1.0 

5.4 
.6 
.31 



.23 
3.0 
.35 
.6 
.05 
.25 
.30 
.25 
.30 
.5 
.02 
.37 



.02 



5.3 
2.6 



1.71 

6.50 

9.23 

4.76 

6.53 

5.4 

0.47 

6.43 



9.26 
5.07 
3.98 
3.63 
1.33 
0.87 
2.12 
5.20 
6.40 
5.94 
5.68 
5.77 



4.61 



7.01 
5.49 



23.7 

219 

568 

274 

389 
42.8 
21.4 

395 



1,930 



569 

282 

245 

216 
73.9 
44.9 

130 

289 

381 

306 

192 

355 



3,080 



97.3 
240 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



121 



KAPAA DITCH AT KAPAHI, NEAR KAPAA, KAUAI. 

A 13-foot weir was established on Kapaa ditch below the Tunnel 
and Pipe branch ditches in the spring of 1909 by the Territorial 
Public Works Department. A Watson clock register was used to 
record the head on the weir. 

This station was abandoned in the summer of 1911. 

The records show the amount of water sent down the Kapaa ditch 
below the Tunnel and Pipe branch ditches. 

Discharge measurements of Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1909. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
action. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dee. 17 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
9.8 


Sq.ft. 
8.9 


Feet. 
(a) 


Sec.-ft. 
9.4 









o By weir formula, the discharge =9.3 sec.-ft. 
Daily discharge in second feet of Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909-1911 . 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 








7.1 
9.0 
7.5 
7.0 
6.8 

6.0 
6.5 
7.5 
9.0 
10 

4.3 
.06 
.00 
.00 

4.5 

9.4 

"9:6"" 
9.6 

9.6 
10 
10 
10 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
12 


12 
12 
38 
37 
19 

17 
18 
17 
18 
45 

22 

18 
19 
17 
16 

20 
14 
12 
15 
17 

12 
12 
11 
10 
8.2 

7.5 
7.5 

12 
9.4 

7.8 
7.8 


7.1 
7.1 
8.6 
9.0 
9.0 

7.8 
7.8 
7.5 
12 
7.8 

7.1 
7.1 
6.8 
6.4 
6.8 

7.5 
9.0 
8.2 
9.4 
10 

11 
11 
11 
11 
14 

15 

11 

11 
8.6 
9.4 


9.4 
9.7 
9.4 
7.8 
7.8 

7.1 
7.1 
9.4 
5.1 
4.2 

6.1 
8.2 

11 

18 

15 

25 
15 
15 
17 
22 

16 
17 
14 
12 
36 

28 
40 
30 
16 
11 
7.1 


8.6 
8.0 
8.3 
8.5 
10 

8.8 
8.4 
9.2 
8.3 
9.3 

11 

8.2 
7.7 
8.4 

'"9:3" 
10 

8.2 

8.5 
7.8 
7.3 
6.9 
6.8 
6.7 


6.3 
6.2 
5.8 
5.4 
6.1 

6.2 
6.5 
6.2 
6.1 
6.8 

6.8 
5.7 
8.1 
7.5 
7.0 

6.5 
6.0 
5.4 

4.8 
6.8 

7.5 
7.5 
8.2 
6.8 
6.2 

5.2 
8.2 

11 

14 
9.1 


7.2 
7.4 
7.9 
7.1 
6.4 

8.2 
6.8 
10 
9.7 
3.9 

5.5 
6.1 
5.5 
4.2 
12 

10 
7.1 
8.6 

11 

11 

7.1 
7.1 

10 
9.4 

14 

13 
17 
25 
23 
16 
19 


19 
21 
19 
18 
10 

8.9 
8.2 
8.2 
9.0 
11 

18 
17 
20 
17 
9.6 

8.2 
7.4 
6.8 
6.0 
11 

11 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.8 

9.3 
7.2 
11 
8.1 
8.1 


8.5 


2 








11 


3 








11 


4 








11 


6. 








13 


6 








11 


7 








11 


8 








10 


9 








9.3 


10 






0.00 

.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.35 

2.1 
3.5 
5.0 
1.6 
1.7 

3.1 

3.0 

.8 

.0 

3.4 

7.5 
6.3 
6.2 

12 

10 
6.0 


8.5 


11 






7.7 


12 






7.8 


13 






7.8 


14 






8.6 


15 : 






9.7 


16 






9.4 


17 






9 4 


18 






8.9 


19 






8.9 


20 






8.9 


21 






9.3 


22 






9.3 


23 






11 


24 






12 


25 






12 


26 






12 


27 






9 4 


28 






10 


29.::::...:.::.:. 






11 


30 






9.7 


31. 






9.4 



122 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII, 



Daily discharge in second feet of Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 
1909-1911— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


8.9 
9.0 
9.0 
9.7 
11 

12 
11 
11 
11 
11 

11 
11 
11 
11 
11 

11 
14 
15 
14 
15 

15 
16 
16 
16 
16 

15 
15 
16 
14 
12 
12 


11 
11 
11 
12 
14 

14 
12 
11 
11 
13 

17 
14 
13 
13 
11 

11 
10 
10 
10 
9.0 

9.7 
10 
13 
10 

9.7 

9.4 


12"" 
8.9 
7.4 
6.4 

6.8 
7.8 
7.7 

7.4 
9.7 

6.3 
6.8 
7.5 

10 

11 

9.7 
9.1 

13 

11 

12 

9.7 
12 
14 
13 
13 
13 


10 

12 
15 
12 
8.9 

10 

12 
9.5 
8.1 

7.2 

7.3 
7.7 
8.0 
7.4 
7.3 

7.6 

11 
9.3 
9.3 

13 

15 
11 
14 
18 
18 

16 
20 
13 
9.3 

7.9 


6.8 
9.0 

7.8 
8.2 
7.5 

9.0 
14 

12 
9.4 
11 
18 
18 

17 
9.0 

15 
9.7 
8.6 

7.8 
8.2 
6.8 

11 

14 

20 


20 
17 
22 
17 
14 

14 
12 
15 
18 
13 

11 
21 
19 
18 
18 

17 
17 
18 
12 
13 

12 
12 
11 
13 
19 

13 
12 
13 
18 
15 


9.0 
7.8 
9.4 

15 

11 

11 
9.4 
8.2 

7.8 
9.0 

8.6 
13 
9.0 
9.0 
8.2 

8.6 
17 
11 

9.4 
11 

8.6 
9.0 
9.0 


7.8 
7.5 
8.6 
8.2 
8.6 

6.8 
11 
11 

7.1 

7.8 

9.0 
8.2 
8.2 
10 
9.7 

8.6 
8.6 
7.8 
7.5 
7.5 

9.0 
10 
10 

9.0 
10 

10 
9.0 
7.8 
8.2 
7.8 
8.6 


8.6 
8.6 
8.2 
8.2 
10 

8.6 
7.8 
7.5 
8.6 
8.6 

9.0 
9.0 

10 

13 

13 

15 

10 
8.6 
8.2 

11 

11 
10 
10 
10 
9.4 

16 
14 
10 
11 
11 


10 

9 
13 

8.2 
14 

9.7 
10 
10 


4.5 
9.0 

10 

10 

23 

8.6 


19 


2 


16 


3 


9.7 


4 


15 


5 


15 


6 


20 


7 


15 


8 


13 


9 


11 


10 






12 


11 






14 


12 






15 


13 






14 


14 






13 








10 








7.8 


17 


9.4 
9.4 

13 

14 

12 
11 
10 
13 
6.1 

18 

U 
6.8 
7.5 
8.6 

10 




7.5 




7.1 


19 




20 






21 






22 






23 






24 






25 






26 






27 


12 
13 
16 
17 








29 




30 




31 











Day. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Day. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


1911. 
1 




10 

9.7 
9.4 
9.7 
7.1 

7.1 
9.7 

10 

11 
9.7 

10 

10 
7.1 
6.4 
5.7 


3.9 

4.2 

4.5 
9.0 
7.5 

7.5 
7.1 
8.2 
9.4 
11 

9.7 
9.4 
11 
5.7 
7.1 


4.'8 

7.1 
11 
11 

■■■"12" 
15 

11 
13 
14 
14 
14 


1911. 
16 


11 

11 
8.2 
6.4 

10 

9.4 
8.6 
8.2 
7.5 
8.6 

11 
10 
11 


5.7 
8.2 
7.8 

""i'.h' 
9.7 

7.5 
5.5 
6.1 
3.9 
3.9 


9.4 
13 
13 
13 

13 

13 
13 
13 
13 


14 


2 




17 




3 




18 




4 




19 




5 




20 




6 


11 
14 
11 
11 
11 

11 

11 

11 
9.0 
7.8 


21 




7 


22 




8 


23 




9 


24 




10 


25 




11 .. . 


26 






12 


27 






13 


28 






14 


29 






15 


30 



















NOTE.- 

register. 



-Daily discharge computed from records of head on a 13-foot weir as obtained by a Watson clock 
No records were obtained on the days for which discharge is not given. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 123 

Monthly discharge of Kapaa ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kavm,for 1909-1911. 



Month. 



Discharge m second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimnm. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



March 10-31 

April 1-16 and 19-30... 

May 

June 

July 

August 1-14 and 23-31. 

September 

October 

November 

December 



The period. 



1910. 



January 

February 1-26 

March 7-31 

April 

May 1-7 and 16-31 

June 

July 1-23 and 31 

August 

September 

October 1-8 and 17-31 . . . . 
November 1-6 and 27-30 . 
December 1-18 



The period. 



February 6-28 

March 1-18 and 24-30. 

April 1-24 

May 2-5 and &-16 



1911. 



0.00 
.00 
7.5 
6.4 
4.2 
6.7 
5.2 
3.9 
6.0 
7.7 



8.9 
9.0 
6.3 
7.2 
6.8 
11 
7.8 
6.8 
7.5 
6.1 
4.5 
7.1 



4.5 



6.4 
3.9 
3.9 
4.8 



3.30 
7.70 

16.4 
9.17 

14.7 
8.44 
7.00 

10.2 

11.1 



12.6 
11.5 

9.81 
11.2 
11.2 
15.5 
10.0 

8.67 
10.1 
10.6 
12.3 
13.0 



11.3 



9.94 
7.95 
9.52 
11.7 



144 
427 
1,010 
546 
904 
385 
417 
627 
660 



5,730 



775 
693 

486 
666 
511 
922 
476 
533 
601 
484 
244 
464 



,760 



453 
394 
453 

278 



PIPE DITCH AT KAPAHI, NEAR KAPAA, KAUAI. 

Pipe ditch is a diversion from the main Kapahi ditch below Tunnel 
branch ditch and above the lower Kapaa weir. 

A 10-foot weir was established on this ditch by the Makee Sugar Co., 
and a Watson clock register was installed by the Territorial Public 
Works Department in the summer of 1909, to record the head on the 
weir. 

This station was abandoned in the spring of 1911. 

Discharge measurements of Pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


May 4 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
7.3 


Sq.ft. 
13.0 


Feet. 
a 0.60 


Sec.-Jt. 
10.1 









a Head on 6-foot weir. 

Note.— Weir has poor end contractions. Considerable velocity of approach and some leakage around 
sides of t^eir. 



124 WATER EESOUECES OP HAWAH. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 








4.9 
4.5 
2.6 
4.4 
4.3 

5.7 
4.2 
4.4 
4.4 
4.6 

4.3 

4.8 

.0 

.2 

4.2 

4.6 
4.4 
4.2 
4.6 
4.3 

4.5 
4.2 
4.6 
4.3 
4.0 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.6 
4.2 

4.0 
4.2 
4.4 
4.5 
4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.9 

4.4 
4.7 
4.6 
4.3 
4.2 

4.6 
4.7 
4.6 
4.8 
5.6 

4.9 
5.3 
5.0 
5.6 
5.3 

5.0 
4.0 
4.7 
4.8 
5.1 


4.3 

4.5 
.5 
.6 

4.4 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.6 
4.7 

4.5 
4.2 
4.5 
4.1 
4.1 

.3 

4.2 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.3 
4.1 

4.2 
4.7 
4.9 
4.6 

4.8 
4.8 

5.0 
4.8 
4.6 
5.1 
4.4 

4.4 
4.5 
4.9 
5.1 
4.8 

4.8 
4.5 
4.7 
4.6 
4.8 

5.2 
4.5 
5.1 
4.7 
5.0 

5.0 
8.2 
4.9 
5.1 
5.0 

4.8 
5.1 
4.4 
2.8 
4.9 
.4 


4.8 
5.2 
5.1 
5.1 

4.7 

4.5 
4.7 
5.0 
.5 
5.1 

5.5 
4.6 
4.6 
4.9 
5.1 

4.9 
5.1 
5.0 
5.1 
5.1 

5.1 
5.1 
5.1 
5.1 

.7 

.7 
4.7 
5.1 
5.1 
5.4 

.4 

.4 

.5 

5.0 

5.4 

5.0 
4.9 
5.1 
5.0 
5.0 

4.7 
.5 
4.5 
5.3 
5.3 

5.1 
5.2 
5.4 
5.9 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.1 
4.9 

5.1 
5.4 
5.8 
5.3 
5.1 


5.2 
5.2 
4.7 
6.2 
5.0 

5.2 
5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
5.1 

4.8 
5.3 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 

5.2 

5.3 
5.3 
5.1 

5.8 

5.5 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 

5.2 
5.5 
5.2 
5.3 
.6 
.4 

5.1 

5.8 
5.7 
4.3 
5.4 

5.4 
5.5 
5.4 
5.5 
6.0 

5.1 
5.1 
5.2 
5.6 
4.4 

5.6 
.5 

6.2 
.4 

3.8 

5.2 
5.6 
5.6 
5.6 
5.1 

5.3 
5.4 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
.3 


5.0 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
5.4 

5.3 
5.2 
6.3 
4.9 
4.7 

4.9 
5.1 
5.3 
4.8 
6.3 

5.5 
5.5 
5.4 
5.0 
.6 

4.3 
5.5 
5.3 
5.7 
5.4 

5.1 

5.4 
5.3 
5.5 
5.7 

5.7 

5.3 
5.2 
5.3 
5.4 
5.4 

5.2 
.2 
3.8 
5.1 
5.4 

5.4 
5.8 
4.7 
5.5 
5.2 

5.3 

5.1 
5.3 
5.0 
5.1 

4.6 
5.2 
5.2 
5.3 
5 3 

5.3 
5.3 
6.2 
5.5 
5.2 
5.1 


5.7 
5.6 
5.3 
5.8 
5.6 

5.6 
5.6 
5.8 
5.4 
5.7 

5.1 
5.6 
5.6 
5.7 
5.6 

5.4 

5.4 

5.5 

• 5.5 

5.8 

5.7 
6.0 
5.6 
5.6 
5.6 

5.5 
6.0 

5.7 
6.2 
5.6 

5.0 
5.2 
5.4 
5.5 
5.2 

5.4 
5.4 
5.3 

5.6 
5.2 

4.9 
5.2 
5.4 
5.4 
5.0 

5.5 
5.0 
5.9 
5.1 
5.2 

5.8 
5.5 
5.0 
5.3 
5.9 

5.1 
6.2 
.4 
5.4 
5.2 


5.7 
5.8 
6.2 
5.7 
5.2 

5.4 
5.5 
5.3 
5.1 

5.7 

4.6 
4.6 
1.4 
.9 
4.9 

5.3 
5.0 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 

5.1 
5.8 
5.7 
5.3 
6.0 

5.8 
5.8 
5.1 
.6 
6.0 
6.7 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

3.1 
5.2 
5.5 
4.9 
5.2 

5.5 
4.6 
5.0 
5.0 
5.5 

4.8 
5.2 

4.7 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 


4.8 
1.1 
7.5 
7.1 
6.7 

6.2 
5.7 
5.6 
5.5 
5.5 

5.4 
5.6 
5.0 
1.1 
5.4 

6.5 
5.5 
5.5 
5.4 

4.7 

2.7 
5.0 
6.1 
5.2 
6.2 

6.7 
4.4 
.5 
2.1 
1.8 

4.7 

4.6 

4.2 

.2 

.1 

.1 

.1 
1.8 
3.1 

.4 

2.2 
2.2 
2.9 
2.6 
2.1 

1.5 
2.1 
1.5 
1.9 
2.7 

2.3 
2.3 
2.4 
1.5 
2.9 

1.8 
2.0 
1.9 
1.4 
.7 


2.3 


2 








1.3 


3 








.1 


4 








.1 


5 








.1 


6 








.1 


7 








.1 


S 








.3 


9 








.6 


10 








1.4 


11 








1.9 


12 








1.9 


13 








1.9 


14 








1.0 


15 








.1 


16 








.1 


17 








.1 


18 








.1 


19 








.1 


20 








1 


21 








.1 


22 








.1 


23 








.1 


24 








.1 


25 








.1 


26 








.1 


27 








.1 


28 








.1 


29 








.1 


30 








.1 








4.6 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 

.0 

1.3 

1.8 

2.5 

2.5 
2.9 
3.5 
3.0 
.3 

3.0 
3.1 
3.5 
3.6 
3.7 

3.8 
3.9 
4.3 
3.9 
4.3 

4.0 
4.2 
4.5 
4.1 
4.2 
3.9 


.1 


1910. 
1 


0.1 
.0 
.1 
.1 
.2 

'.2 
.2 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 


0.1 
.1 
.1 
.2 
.2 

.3 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.4 
.3 
.2 
.1 
.1 

.1 

.1 
.1 
.1 
.1 

.2 
.1 
.1 
.1 
.1 

.1 
.0 
.0 


1.4 




1.4 


3 


1.5 


4 


.4 


5 


1.9 


6 


2.0 


7 


2.0 


8 


1.8 


9 


1.8 


10 


1.9 


11 

12 




13 




14 




15 




16 








18 




19 




20 




21 




22 




23 




24 




25 




26 








28 




29 




30 




31 









ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



125 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909- 

i^^i— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


1911. 
1 




0.1 

1.5 

.4 

.5 

.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


2.2 
2.1 
3.4 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
5.8 
5.2 
5.0 
4.9 

4.7 
5.0 
4.7 
4.9 

5.8 


0.5 
.5 
3.8 
3.9 
3.2 

3.5 
3.6 
2.9 
3.5 
3.5 

3.6 
3.9 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 


16 




1.7 
1.8 
.6 
2.0 
3.1 

3.0 
2.9 
3.2 
3.2 
1.7 

2.2 

2.8 
2.8 


5.4 
4.3 

4.7 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.6 
3.7 
3.1 
.5 

.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
2.4 
2.4 


4.1 


2 




17 




4.0 


3 




18 




3.9 


4 




19 




3.8 


5 




20 




3.7 


6 




21 




3.6 


7 




22 




3.5 


8 




23 




2.0 


9 




24 






10 




25 






11 




26 






12 




27 






13 




28 






14 




29 






15 




30 


0.0 
.0 










31 











Note.— Daily discharge computed from records of liead on a 6-foot weir as obtained by a Watson clock 
register and are probably too small, as the weir has poor end contractions with considerable velocity of 
approach and some leakage around sides. Discharge interpolated for periods Nov. 4-6, 1909; Apr. 3-4 
and Oct. 2-9, 1910; and Apr. 15-21, 1911. 

Monthly discharge of pipe ditch at Kapahi, near Kapaa, Kauai, for 1909-1911 . 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



The period. 



January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 1-10 . 



The period. 



February. 

March 

April 1-23. 



5.7 
4.9 
5.5 
5.8 
6.3 
6.2 
6.7 
7.5 
2.3 



.2 
.4 
4.5 
5.6 
8.2 
5.9 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
5.5 
4.7 
2.0 



3.2 
6.0 
4.3 



0.0 
.3 
.5 
.4 
.6 

5.1 
.6 
.5 
.1 



.0 
.0 
.0 

4.0 
.4 
.4 
.3 
.2 
.4 

3.1 
.1 
.4 



4.12 
4.00 
4.56 
4.93 
5.17 
5.63 
5.04 
4.75 
.48 



.13 
.15 
2.57 
4.72 
4.71 
4.56 
4.83 
5.06 
5.19 
4.75 
2.01 
1.61 



1.20 
4.05 
3.38 



245 
246 
271 
303 
318 
335 
310 
283 
29.5 



2,340 



7.99 
8.33 

158 

281 

290 

271 

297 

311 

309 

292 

120 
32 



2,380 



66.6 
249 
154 



KANEHA DITCH AT KANEHA, NEAR KEALIA, EA.UAI. 



Kaneha ditch diverts water from the north side of KeaHa Stream 
at elevation 870 feet. A 20-foot weir was established by the Makee 
Sugar Co. on this ditch about 1 mile below the intake August 17, 1907. 



126 



WATEE RESOUBCES OF HAWAII. 



The head was recorded from daily observations until the summer of 

1910, when a Watson clock register, furnished by the Territorial 
Public Works Department, was installed by the company. 

Records on this ditch show the amount of water diverted from 
Kealia Stream for irrigation on the north side. 

The record of head on the weir from January 1, 1909, to July 31, 

1911, has been furnished to the Geological Survey by the Makee Sugar 
Co. Since August, 1911, the company has cooperated with the 
Geological Survey in maintaining this station by having its ditch- 
man attend to the clock register. 

Discharge measurements of Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 13 
18 


W.V.Hardy 


Feet. 
14.0 
14.0 


Sq.ft. 
4.93 
5.81 


Feet. 
0.16 
O0.20 


Sec.-ft. 
3.71 


.do 


5.20 









a Head on 20-foot weir. 
Note.— Measurements made by wading about 20-feet below weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia, Kauai, for 

1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 


6.9 
6.9 
6.9 
6.9 
6.9 

6.4 
6.0 
5.5 
5.1 
6 

13 
13 
13 
14 
14 

14 
14 
14 
14 
13 

13 
13 
12 
12 
13 

13 
12 
12 
12 
12 
12 


12 
12 
12 
13 
14 

16 
17 
17 
17 
16 

16 
16 
16 
16 
15 

14 
14 
14 
14 
14 

14 
13 
13 
13 
12 

12 
12 
11 


6.0 
17 
17 
24 
17 

17 
11 
11 
11 

24 

24 
24 
24 
24 
24 

24 
24 
24 
24 
11 

11 
11 
11 

6 

6 

6 

2.1 

6 

2.1 

6 

6 


6 
57 
17 
17 
11 

6 
11 
11 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
11 
99 


24 
57 
31 
31 
21 

17 
17 
17 
17 
57 

17 
17 
11 
11 
11 

11 
11 
11 
11 
11 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

6 
6 
11 
6 
6 
6 


6 

6 
17 
11 
11 

8.3 
17 

8.3 

6 
17 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 

11 

17 

11 

20 
17 
11 
17 
11 

11 
11 
11 
8.3 
11 


8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 

24 

11 

24 

11 
11 

8.3 
14 

8.3 

17 
11 
11 
17 
24 

11 

11 
8.3 
8.3 

43 

11 
31 
14 
17 
11 
11 


8.3 

11 
8.3 
8.3 

11 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

6 
6 
11 

8.3 
6 

I 

6 
6 
6 

6 
6 

8.3 
11 
8.3 

8.3 

6 

8.3 

6 

8.3 

8.3 


6 
6 
6 
6 
17 

6 

8.3 
11 
11 
14 

8.3 
8.3 

11 
6 

11 

11 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 

6 

6 

8.3 

6 


6 
6 
11 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 

6 

24 
31 

9.9 

11 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 

6 
11 

6 
11 

11 
11 
2.8 
11 

8.3 

17 


31 
6 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
8.3 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
11 
11 

6 

6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 


6 


2 


24 


3 


6 


4 


6 


5 


77 


6 


11 


7 


8.3 


8 


11 


9 


6 


10 


6 


11 


6 


12 


6 


13 


6 


14 


6 


15 


6 


16 


6 


17 


6 


18 


6 


19 


6 


20 


6 


21 


6 


22 


88 


23 


24 


24 


57 


25 


24 


26 


24 


27 


24 


28 


24 


29 


24 


30 


24 


31.. 


24 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



127 



Ikiily discharge, in second feet, of Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia, Kauai, for 

1909-1911— GontinuQdi. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


6 

6 
6 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
11 

11 
31 
17 

8.3 
11 

11 
17 
11 
11 
6 

6 
24 
11 

6 

6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

11 
11 
17 

6 

6 

6 


11 
11 
11 
11 
11 

11 

11 
8.3 
8.3 

31 

11 
11 
11 
11 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 

8.3 

8.3 

6 

6 

6 
6 
17 

6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
17 
8.3 

11 
17 
11 


11 
17 
17 
17 
11 

17 
11 
11 

6 

6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 

8.3 
6 

8.3 

6 
11 
24 
24 
11 
11 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 

11 

11 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3- 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 

6 
17 
11 
11 

11 
17 
17 
17 
11 
6 


"11 
17 
11 
8.3 
11 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
11 
6 
6 
6 

6 
31 
11 
11 
24 

31 
11 
17 
57 
110 

24 

17 

11 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 

6 
11 
• 6 
6 
2.1 


8.3 
8.3 
6 
6 
11 

11 
11 
11 

8.3 

6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

11 

6 

11 

39 

17 

11 
11 
11 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 
57 
24 
24 

2.] 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
8.3 

17 

17 

17 

11 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 

11 

11 
8.3 
6 
6 
3.9 

6 
31 
11 
11 
11 

11 
17 
24 
11 
17 
17 


24 
24 
24 
24 
11 

11 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
17 
17 
24 
17 

11 

17 

11 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

39 

31 

11 
11 
57 
17 
17 

11 
11 

17 
17 
11 

11 
17 

6 

6 

6 

11 

6 
17 
17 

8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
6 
11 
6 

11 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 

6 
17 
11 

6 


11 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 
17 

6 
11 

8.3 

14 
14 
39 
8.3 
14 

6 
6 
6 
6 
31 

11 

31 

31 
8.3 
8.3 
6 

6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

11 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
6 

11 

6 
11 
17 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

6 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

6 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 
39 
24 

6 

6 

6 


6 
6 
6 

8.3 
31 

11 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 

6 

6 

6 

6 

6 
11 

6 

6 
14 

24 
11 
11 
6 
62 

14 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
6 
6 

""7.'3' 
7.8 
6.4 

6.0 
7.3 
6.4 
5.1 
12 

7.7 
7.1 
4.7 
3.1 
4.7 

3.3 
1.0 
0.4 
0.2 
0.3 
7.8 


6 
11 
6 
6 
6 

6 
11 
6 

8.3 
6 

17 
39 

6 
11 

8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
110 

24 

11 

17 
11 
20 
11 
11 

17 
17 
11 
11 
11 

3.9 
1.9 
2.4 
4.2 
3.1 

2.0 
2.8 
2.9 
2.8 
4.6 

4.4 
2.8 
1.8 
5.9 
12 

12 
9.2 
3.9 
1.5 
9.7 

13 
4.7 
2.1 
0.2 
0.0 

3.3 
5.3 

16 

12 

12 


6 

8.3 
8.3 
17 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 

17 

17 
6.4 

6.4 
6.4 
31 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
17 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 

8.3 

6 

6 

6 

8.3 

8.3 

13 

12 
15 
12 
9.0 

7.8 
7.0 
6.5 
5.5 
2.6 

2.2 
2.4 
2.2 
6.0 
3.5 

2.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 

1.9 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

2.1 
1.9 
1.8 
2.0 
2.1 
2.0 


8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
11 

17 
17 
11 
11 
6 

16 
11 

8.3 
17 

8.3 

8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
17 

20 
11 
8.3 
17 
17 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 
1.8 

1.8 
1.5 
1.5 
3.5 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 

2.0 

1.6 
1.6 
1.8 
1.8 

2.1 
1.5 
9.9 
8.3 
16 

20 

16 
7.3 
5.7 
3.9 


17 


2 


8.3 


3 


8.3 


4 


8.3 


5 


17 


6 


17 


7 


11 


8 


8.3 


9 


11 


10 


8.3 


11 


8.3 


12 


8.3 


13 


6 


14 


6 


15 


2.1 


16 


2.1 




2.1 


18 


2.1 


19 


2.1 


20 


2.1 


21 


2.1 


22 


2.1 


23 


6 


24 


17 


25 


17 


26 


17 


27 


6 


28 


11 


29 


11 


30 


11 


31 


11 


1911. 
1 


3.9 


2 


5.7 


3 


5.5 


4 


2.1 


5 


2.6 


6 


2.2 


7 


0.1 


8 


0.1 


9 


11 


10 


13 


11 


13 


12 


12 


13 


7.3 


14 


6.2 


15 


6.2 


16 


6.2 


17 


6.3 


18 


6.2 


19 


5.5 


20 


4.4 


21 


4.9 


22 


12 


23 


18 


24 


8.9 


25 


5.7 


26 


4.6 


27 


0.2 


28 


2.3 


29 


4.7 


30 


4.7 


31 


4.7 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from records of head on a 20-foot weir. No record for period Aug. 
1-12, 1911. 



J 28 WATEE EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Kaneha ditch at Kaneha, near Kealia, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-oft 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1909. 


14 
17 
24 
99 
57 
20 
43 
11 
17 
31 
31 
88 


5.1 
11 
2.1 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
8.3 
6.0 
6.0 
2.8 
2.1 
6.0 


10.8 
14.1 
14.7 
12.2 
15.9 
11.1 
13.8 
7.76 
8.08 
8.97 
7.17 
18.2 


664 




783 




904 




726 




978 




660 


July 


849 




477 




481 




552 




427 




1,120 








99 


2.1 


11.9 


8,620 




1910. 


11 

31 
24 

110 
57 
57 
39 
62 

110 
31 
20 
17 


6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
8.3 
6.0 
. 6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
2.1 


10.5 
10.2 

9.94 
16.7 
11.9 
16.6 
11.8 
11.0 
15.1 

6.45 
11.1 

8.61 


646 




566 




611 


April 


994 




732 




988 




726 


August 


676 




899 


October 


397 




660 




529 








110 


2.1 


11.6 


8,420 




1911. 


31 

17 
17 
17 
31 
17 
39 
12 
16 
15 
20 
18 


2.1 
2.1 
6.0 
2.1 
2.1 
6.0 
2.1 
0.2 
0.0 
1.8 
1.5 
0.1 


9.48 
5.97 
9.80 
10.2 
9.93 
9.76 
6.85 
5.19 
5.41 
4.46 
4.29 
6.14 


583 


February 


332 




603 


April 


607 




611 


June 


581 




421 


August 13-31 


196 




322 


October 


274 




255 




378 






The period 


39 


0.0 


7.13 


5,160 







ANAHOLA RIVER BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 



The Anahola basin lies on the eastern slope of Kauai, south of the 
Anahola Mountains. It is about 7 miles long and from 1 to 3 miles 
wide, and comprises a total area of 8 to 10 square miles. It extends 
back to the summits of Namahana and Puu Eu peaks, with elevations 
of 2,805 and 2,748 feet, respectively. The entire basin is in public 
ownership. 

The principal tributary is Keaoopu Stream from the north. 

The rainfall ranges from 60 inches at sea level to probably 300 
inches at the head. 

Water is diverted from the south side of Anahola River at eleva- 
tion of 350 feet for cane irrigation, and at other points near the mouth 
for rice irrigation. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



129 



Gaging stations have been established on the main stream above 
Anahola dam and at two points on Anahola ditch. 

ANAHOLA RIVER ABOVE DAM AT KIOKALA, NEAR KEALIA, KAUAI. 

A staff gage was established on Anahola Stream about one-fourth 
mile above the dam at Kiokala, July 11, 1910, and four measurements 
made during the same month. 

On August 22, 1910, a Friez clock register was installed. This was 
maintained until November 2, 1910, when the gage house and clock 
were carried away by a flood. 

The records at this station show the total flow of Anahola River 
above all diversions. 

Discharge measurements of Anahola River above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai, 

in 1910. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
July 11 
11 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
34 
22 
20 
20.2 


Sq.ft. 
45.0 
21.0 
23.0 
23.3 


Feet. 
0.90 
0.90 
0.93 
0.95 


Sec.-ft. 
ol4. 4 


A. G. Schnack 


12.3 


16 


. do. . 


14 9 


30 


do 


16.4 









o Results uncertain, owing to low velocity in measuring section. 
Note. — Measurements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Anahola River above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai, 

for 1910. 











Makee Sugar 


Co., observer.] 












Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.1 

.9 
.9 
.9 

.85 

.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 

.8 

1.0 

1.25 
.95 
.85 








16 




0.85 

1.1 

1.0 

2.05 

1.5 

1.1 

1.1 

1.5 

1.15 

1.1 

1.05 


0.95 
.95 

1.1 
.95 
.95 

1.05 

1.1 

1.1 






2 




0.95 
1.05 
1.15 
1.05 

1.0 
1.0 
1.15 
1.15 
.95 

.9 
1.1 
1.5 
1.05 

.95 






17 








3 








18 








4 






0.95 


19 








5 




20 




1.0 




6 




2.9 




21 






7 




22 


0.9 

.85 

.8 

1.25 

1.0 
.85 
.9 
.9 
.85 
.85 






8 








23 






9 








24 






10 








25 








11 








26 








12 








27 




1.0 




13 




2.0 




28 








14 




29 










15 








30 




1.45 














31 



















74323°--wsp 318—13 9 



130 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola River above dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, 

Kaxiai, for 1910. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




30 
13 
13 
13 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 

6 
21 
46 
17 
10 








16 




10 
30 
21 
170 
74 

30 
30 
74 
35 
30 

26 


17 
17 
30 
17 
17 

26 
30 
30 






2 




17 
26 
35 
26 
21 
21 
35 
35 
17 

13 
30 
74 
26 

17 






17 








3 








18 








4 






17 


19 








5 




20 




21 




6 




355 




21 






7 




22 


13 

10 
6 
46 

21 
10 
13 
13 
10 
10 






8 








23 






9 








24 






10 








25 








11 








26 








12 








27 




21 




13 




160 




28 








14 




29 










IS 








30 




68 














31 



















Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined between 11 and 18 
second-feet. Above 20 second-feet the estimates are only approximate. 

ANAHOLA RIVER AT DAM AT KIOKALA, NEAR KEALIA, KAUAI. 

This station was established December 15, 1910, just above the 
diversion dam for the Anahola ditch at Kiokala. The crest of the 
dam forms the controlhng section and hence the gage heights are influ- 
enced only by the amount of water passing aver the dam, without 
regard to that diverted by the Anahola ditch. 

A Friez clock register is used for obtaining gage heights. 

High-water measurements are made from a wire foot-bridge about 
50 feet above the dam. These measurements include total flow of 
the stream above the diversion for Anahola ditch. 

Measurements at ordinary and low stages can be made either on 
the crest of the dam or in the stream bed a short distance below. 

The width of the stream at this point varies from 60 to 100 feet, 
and the range of stage is from 6 to 7 feet. 

To obtain the otal flow of the Anahola River add the discharge 
at this station to that of the Anahola ditch at Kiokala, corrected for 
loss by leakage between the intake and the weir. 

Discharge measurements of Anahola River at dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kattai, in 

1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910 
Dec. ISo 
17a 

1911 

Feb. 106 

July 21a 
31c 

Aug. Gd 
13c 
28d 

Sept. 28a 



Martin and Mendes . 
do 



Martin and Hoyt. . 
Martin and Hardy. 

W. V. Hardy 

do 

do 

do 

do 



Feet. 
23.4 
23.4 

44 
23.5 
5.4 



Sq.ft. 
7.9 

7.4 

120 
7.8 
4.1 



3.5 
"24.'5' 



2.9 

'is.'s 



Feet. 
1.01 



1.64 
1.02 
.87 
.70 
.86 
.66 
1.36 



Sec.-ft. 
8.9 
7.6 

71 

8.6 

2.87 

.25 

2.35 

.10 

32.2 



a Measurement made by wading on crest of dam. 

b Measurement made from footbridge. Head gates of Anahola ditch closed and total flow of stream 
going over dam. 
c Measurement made by wading delow dam. ^ 

d Discharge estimated. 

Note.— These are measurements of water flowing over dam, and do not include water diverted by 
Anahola ditch. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



131 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Anahola River at dam at Kiokala, near Kealia,for 1910-11. 

[Makee Sugar Ck)., observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 






11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






21.. 


1910. 




0.95 


2 










22 


.95 


3 










23 


1.0 


4 










24 


1.6 


5 










25 


1.65 


6 










26 


1.75 


7 










27 


1.45 


8 








1.0 

.95 
.95 


28 


1.25 


9 








29 


1.2 


10 








30 


1.2 












31 


1.15 












Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 


1.1 

1.05 

1.0 

1.0 

1.6 

1.25 

1.45 

2.1 

1.8 

1.55 

1.5 

1.7 

1.4 

1.35 

1.25 

1.55 

2.0 

1.45 

1.35 

1.3 

1.25 

1.2 

1.2 

1.35 

1.5 

1.35 

2.15 

2.3 

1.55 

1.4 

1.5 


1.65 

1.55 

1.4 

1.65 

1.5 

3.5 

2.0 

1.65 

2.5 

1.65 

1.55 
1.45 
1.45 
1.35 
1.3 

1.3 

1.25 

1.15 

1.05 

1.15 

1.15 

1.15 

1.2 

1.4 

1.15 

1.5 
2.1 
1.4 


1.2 

1.1 
1.05 
1.05 
1.05 

1.05 

1.1 

1.2 

1.1 

1.1 

1.05 
1.05 
1.05 
1.05 
1.1 

1.1 

1.25 

1.35 

1.25 

1.2 

1.3 

1.7 

1.7 

1.35 

2.85 

2.15 






1.1 

1.15 
1.05 
.95 
1.0 

1.1 
.95 
.9 
.95 
.9 

.9 

.9 
1.1 
1.4 
1.05 

.95 
.95 




0.9 
.9 

.85 
.8 
.8 

.7 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.8 

.85 

.9 
1.25 
1.15 

.9 

.85 

.85 

.85 

1.4 

1.0 

1.0 

.95 
1.05 

.9 

.85 

.9 
1.0 

.75 
.65 

1.1 

1.45 


1.0 

.75 
.75 
.7 
.95 

.75 
.7 
.65 
.65 
1.25 

1.45 
1.25 
1.05 
1.05 
1.2 

1.05 
1.25 
1.25 
1.05 
1.15 

2.45 
2.3 

1.45 
2.80 
1.6 

1.7 

1.5 

1.35 

1.25 

1.2 


1.5 

1.35 

1.35 

1.45 

1.3 

1.3 

1.25 

1.2 

1.2 

1.1 

1.0 
.95 

.95 

.95 

1.05 

1.05 

1.05 

1.05 

1.0 

1.05 

1.3 

1.05 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

.95 
.95 
.95 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 


1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.05 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

1.15 

1.2 

1.0 

1.15 

1.35 

1.3 

1.1 

1.2 

1.2 

1.45 

1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.0 

1.7 
1.5 

1.75 

2.0 

1.4 

1.3 

1.25 


1.15 


2 






1.15 








1.15 


4 






1.25 








1.15 








1.25 


7 






1.25 


8 






1.45 


9 






1.7 








1.4 








1.6 


12 






1.4 






0.9 
1.0 
1.3 

1.0 

-.85 
.85 
.85 

1.3 


1.4 


14 


1.35 




1.45 




1.2 


17 


1.35 


18 


1.15 


19 






1.1 


20 






1.1 


21 




1.05 
.85 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.75 
1.6 
1.6 
1.2 
1.0 

.9 


1.15 


22 








1.65 


23 








1.45 


24 








1.1 


25 








1.05 


26 








.95 


27 




1.1 
2.0 
1.6 
1.2 
1.15 


::::::•: 


.95 


28 






1.3 


29 






1.55 


30 








1.2 


31 








1.1 















Note.— Gage heights estimated for periods Feb. 6-9, Feb. 28-Mar. 5, July 29-30, and Aug. 24-25, 1911. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola River at dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


5 9 


2 




12 




22 


5.9 


3 




13 




23 


8 


4 




14 




24 


64 


5 




15 




25 


73 


6 




16 




26 


92 


7 




17 




27 


42 


8 .*. 




IS 


8.0 
5.9 
5.9 


28 


23 


9 




19 


29 


19 


10 




20 


30 


19 








31 


16 









132 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola River at dam of Kiokala, near Kealia, for 

I9:fO-i-?— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


13 

10 
8.0 
8.0 

64 

23 

47 
162 
101 

56 

48 
82 
37 
32 
23 

56 
141 

42 
32 
27 

23 
19 
19 
32 
48 

32 
174 
210 

56 

37 

48 


73 
56 

37 
73 
48 

610 
141 

73 
265 

73 

56 
42 
42 
32 
27 

27 
23 
16 
10 
16 

16 
16 
23 
37 
16 

48 
162 
37 


19 
13 
10 
10 
10 

10 
13 
19 
13 
13 

10 
10 
10 
10 
13 

13 
23 
32 
23 
19 

27 
82 
82 
32 
373 

174 






13 

16 

10 
5.9 
8.0 

13 
5.9 
3.8 
6.9 
3.8 

3.8 
3.8 

13 

37 

10 

5.9 
5.9 




3.8 
3.8 
2.5 
1.2 
1.2 

.2 
.7 
.7 
.7 
1.2 

2.5 
3.8 

23 

16 
3.8 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5. 
37 
8.0 

8.0 
5.9 
10 
3.8 
2.5 

3.8 
8.0 
.7 
.0 
13- 
42 


8.0 
.7 
.7 
.2 

5.9 

.7 
.2 
.0 
.0 
23 

43 
23 
10 
10 
19 

10 
23 
23 
10 
16 

250 
210 

42 
355 

64 

82 
48 
32 
23 
19 


48. 

32 

32 

42 

27 

27 
23 
19 
19 
13 

8.0 
5.9 
5.9 
5.9 
10 

10 
10 
10 
8.0 
10 

27 

10 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

5.9 

5.9 
5.9 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 


8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

10 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

16 

19 
8.0 
16 
32 
27 

13 
19 
19 
43 
13 

13 
13 

8.0 
82 

48 

91 
141 
37 
27 
23 


16 


2 : 






16 


3 






16 


4 






23 


5 






16 


6 






23 . 


7 






23 


8 






42 


9 






82 


10 






37 


11 






64 


12 






37 


13 




3.8 
8.0 
27 

8.0 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
27 

25 
23 
21 
19 
17 

15 
13 
141 
64 
19 
16 


37 


14 


32 


15 


42 


16 


19 


17 


32 


18 


16 


19 






13 


20 






13 


21 





10 
2.5 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

.7 
64 
64 
19 

8 

3.8 


16 


22 


73 


23 


43 


24 


13 


25 


10 


26 


5.9 


27 


5.9 


28 






27 


29 






56 


30 








19 


31 








13 













Note. — Dafly discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 75 second-feet. The 
table shows amount of water passing over the dam below the diversion of the Anahola ditch. Discharge 
interpolated for period May 21-26, 1911. No records were obtained on the days for which discharge is not 
given. 

Monthly discharge of Anahola River at dam at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



December 18-31. 



1910. 



1911. 



January 

February... 
March 1-26. 
May 13-31.. 
June 1-17... 
July 21-31.. 

August 

September. 

October 

November.. 
December.. 



210 

610 

373 

141 

37 

64 

42 

355 

48 

141 

82 



ThepOTiod. 



10 
10 

2.5 

3.8 
.7 
.0 
.0 

5.9 

8 

5.9 



27.7 



55.1 
75.0 
41.3 
23.9 

9.69 
15.8 

6.95 
45.0 
15.1 
26.0 
28.3 



3,390 

4,170 

2,130 

901 

327 

345 

427 

2,680 

928 

1,550 

1,740 



18,600 



ANAHOLA DITCH AT KIOKALA, NEAR KEALIA, KAUAI. 

Anahola ditch diverts water from the south side of Anahola River 
just below the gaging station, about 5 miles northwest of Kealia. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



133 



A 10-foot weir was established on this ditch about one-fourth mile 
below the intake by the Territorial Public Works Department, May 
10, 1909. 

A Watson clock register is used for recording the head on the weir. 

The leakage from the ditch above this weir is very large, so that 
the flow recorded is only a part of the amount of water diverted from 
the stream at the intake. 

Discharge measurements of Anahola ditch at Kiohala, near Kealia, Kauai, in 1909-1911. 
N 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1909. 
Dec. 18o 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
10.8 

10.7 
3.9 
4.2 

5.6 
4.0 
11.3 


Sq.ft. 
5.8 

6.9 
3.4 
7.5 

12.0 
7.9 

7.4 


Feet. 
0.24 

.27 

'"'i.'is' 

1.48 

1.29 

.31 


Sec.-ft. 
4.78 


1910. 
Nov. 20o 


do 


5.4 


Dec. 156 


Martin and Mendes 


6.5 


176 


do 


4.69 


1911. 
July 216 
Aug. 66 

6a 


Martin and, Hardy 


12.3 


W.V.Hardy 


9.2 


do 


6.0 









a Measurement made near Kiokala weir, which is about one-fourth mile below intake of ditch. Gage 
height is head on 10-foot weir. 
b Measurement made near intake of ditch. Gage height is from gage near intake. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola ditch at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai, for 

1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 












7.9 
7.3 
9.1 

12 

10 

7.3 
11 
8.5 
7.0 
9.1 

7.6 
7.0 
6.1 
5.8 
6.4 

7.6 
9.1 
7.3 
12 

8.5 

14 
IS 
11 
16 
10 

9.7 
9.4 

12 
7.9 

14 


15 
18 
12 
8.8 
12 

12 
12 
15 
17 
18 

16 
19 
16 
19 
17 

19 

18 
18 
18 
20 

18 
16 
13 
13 

21 

18 
22 
20 
20 
18 
18 


16 
18 
17 
12 
16 

12 
11 
10 

8.8 
8.8 

7.9 
7.9 

11 

13 

9.7 

7.9 
8.8 
7.3 
8.5 
7.9 

7.9 
14 

9.4 
16 
13 

9.1 

8.8 

10 

12 
9.4 
7.6 


6.7 
6.1 
5.5 
5.8 
7.9 

7.0 
7.3 
7.0 

11 

12 

9.4 
6.7 
6.8 
5.5 

5.8 

8.2 
13 
7.0 
8.5 
6.4 

5.5 
5.5 
6.1 

4.5 
4.3 

4.3 
4.5 
4.9 
4.9 

7.0 


4.9 
4.1 
5.5 
4.5 
4.0 

4.2 

4.0 
3.0 
1.5 
2.7 

2.8 
5.0 

18 

16 

18 

9.0 
6.4 
5.9 
6.0 
8.0 

8.5 
5.4 
5.5 
5.0 
9.4 

13 
20 
23 
17 
14 
16 


16 
15 
12 
10 
9.2 

8.8 
7.9 
6.7 
7.0 
7.3 

16 

16 

14 
9.9 
8.2 

7.6 
7.0 
6.4 
6.1 
5.5 

5.3 
5.3 
5.1 
5.3 
5.3 

6.1 
5.1 
4.6 




2 














3 














4 














6 












18 


6 












14 


7 












10 


8 












7.6 


9 












6.4 


10 










18 

16 
15 
15 
15 
15 

14 
14 
14 
14 
16 

14 
12 
12 
11 
9.7 

9.1 

8.8 
11 
8.8 
8.5 
8.5 


8.8 


11 










7.0 


12 










5.5 


13 










5.3 


14 










5.1 


15 










4.8 


16 










4.8 


17 










4.6 


18 










4.2 


19 










4.2 


20 










4.6 


21 










5.1 


22. 










4.8 


23 










19 


24 










19 


25 










20 


26 










24 


27 










16 


28 










10 


29 










.0 


30 










.0 


31 










.0 



134 



WATER RESOUECES OP HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola ditch at Kiokala, near Kealia, Kauai, for 

1909-1911— ContinneA. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

4.2 

10 

8.8 
9.2 

8.5 
8.1 

.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

3.3 

4.3 

4.3 
7.5 

8.8 
8.5 
8.5 

8.5 
8.8 
8.5 
8.5 
8.2 


12 
11 
10 
9.9 
12 

13 
12 
11 
11 
11 

10 

10 
9.9 
9.5 
9.2 

9.2 
8.2 
7.6 
7.3 
7.6 

7.9 
8.2 

8.8 


12 
11 
12 
12 
12 

11 
12 
11 
9.4 

8.5 

7.9 
7.9 
8.2 
9.7 
7.3 

6.7 
6.1 
5.8 
7.6 
9.7 

7.6 
6.7 
10 
9.1 
9.1 

7.0 
9.1 

12 

12 

11 
9.7 

5.8 
5.6 
5.5 
5.4 
5.2 

5.2 
5.2 


12 
12 
12 

'5.'6' 

5.5 
5.4 
6.1 
5.2 
5.0 

4.3 
13 

7.6 
7.4 
10 

13 
12 
12 
15 

17 

14 
16 
16 
15 
14 
.... 


13 
12 
11 
10 
10 

13 
14 
12 
14 
11 

9.2 
8.6 
7.9 
7.4 
7.3 

10 
7.9 
17 
22 
18 

17 
15 


11 

•5.5 

1.1 

.9 

8.3 

15 
14 
14 
14 
13 

14 
15 
14 
14 
14 

14 
15 
15 
14 
14 

14 
14 
13 
16 
16 

14 


"12"" 

10 
11 
10 
12 
11 

11 
10 
13 
12 
14 

9.8 
8.8 

12 

13 

13 

11 
14 
16 
14 
11 
10 


7.5 
10 
13 
12 

9.5 

9.4 
11 
9.1 

8.8 

14 

13 
9.1 
8.0 

14 

13 

10 
8.6 
8.5 
7.6 
7.0 

7.4 
7.6 
7.2 
6.8 
6.4 

5.8 
5.7 
5.7 
6.5 
4.7 

7.0 
7.6 
8.5 

8.4 
8.5 

7.6 

7.7 
8.2 
8.7 
7.5 

7.0 
6.7 
6.5 
8.2 
6.5 

5.7 
6.1 
6.5 
6.1 

10 

12 


8.5 
12 
7.8 
8.8 
7.0 

6.4 
7.0 
6.2 
6.6 

5.8 

9.5 
13 
14 

8.8 
7.0 

10 
11 
13 
17 
14 

14 
13 
15 
14 
13 

15 
14 
13 
14 
14 

8.7 
8.1 
7.5 
8.5 
9.0 

7.6 
7.2 
6.7 
7.4 
10 

12 
9.8 
8.7 
8.3 
9.5 

8.5 
9.5 
10 
8.6 
9.0 

18 
17 
13 
14 

8.2 

8.2 
7.6 
7.0 
6.5 
6.4 


12 
11 
12 
13 
12 

12 
11 
13 
14 
12 

9.8 
13 
15 
13 
12 

9.7 

8.8 
10 
11 

8.5 

10 

11 

11 
9.0 
9.0 

9.5 
20 
4.0 
1.9 
1.7 
1.6 

6.8 
6.7 
.1 
4.1 
5.8 

6.3 

3.2 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 

3.4 

6.7 

6.7 
6.8 
6.8 
6.7 
6.6 

7.9 
7.0 
6.7 
6.5 
6.5 

6.3 
6.2 
6.2 
6.5 
6.1 
5.8 


4.0 
.3 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
4.7 

4.8 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
2.5 

5.0 
5.2 
5.3 
5.3 
5.8 

7.0 
5.9 
7.0 
7.3 
6.7 


6.3 


2 


5.8 


3 


5.6 


4 


5.6 


5 




6 




7 




8 




9 




10 




11 




12 




13 




14 












17 






4.8 


19 


4.8 




4.7 


21 


4.6 


22 


4.7 


23 


5.3 


24 


5.4 




3.5 






27 












29 


.5 
7.0 
11 


9.6 
9.5 
9.5 
9.5 




30 




31 




1911. 
1 




.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 

.0 

3.0 

4.5 

4.7 


5.5 
5.4 
5.2 
5.2 
6.2 

6.4 
5.2 
4.9 
5.5 
6.4 

7.6 
6.0 
7.0 
8.2 
7.9 

7.3 
7.4 
7.3 
8.8 
7.0 

7.0 
7.0 
6.4 
10 

8.8 

12 

13 

10 
9.1 
8.6 


8.0 


2 








7.6 


3 








7.5 


4 








8.0 


5 








7.6 


6 












8.0 


7 












8.2 


8 


.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 










9.1 


9 












9.5 


10 












8.5 


11 












8.0 


12 












7.5 


13 












7.6 


14 






7.5 
8.8 

9.0 
8.2 
7.1 
7.0 
7.1 

9.2 
8.0 
9.5 
8.5 
7.3 

6.8 
6.9 
8.0 
13 
9.5 
9.7 






7.7 


15 










8.5 


16 










8.2 


17 










8.5 


18 










9.5 


19 










8.9 


20 










8 8 


21 










8.4 


22 












11 


23 












9 3 


24 












8.0 


25 












7.6 


26 












7.5 


27 












7.5 


28 












7 3 


29 












7.3 


30 












8.5 


31 










7.5 


8 2 













Note. — Daily discliarge computed from records of head on a 10-foot weir as obtained by a Watson clock, 
register. No records were obtained on the days for which discharge is not given. The ditch leaks badly 
between the intake and the weir, a distance of about one-fourth mile. To obtain amount diverted by the 
ditch at the intake, multiply the discharge by 1.55. This factor is obtained by comparisons of meter meas- 
urements at the intake with the weir discharge. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 136 

Monthly discharge of Anahola ditch at KioJcala, near Kealia, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1909. 
May 10-31 


18 
16 
22 
16 
13 
23 
16 
24 


8.5 
5.8 
8.8 
7.3 
4.3 
1.5 
4.6 
.0 


12.7 
9.52 
16.7 
10.9 
6.80 
8.72 
8.52 
8.62 


554 


June 


566 


July 


1,030 


August 


670 


September 


405 


October 


536 


November 1-28 


473 


December 5-31 .' 


462 






The period 








4,700 












1910. 
January 1-30 


10 

13 

12 

17 

22 

16 

16 

14 

17 

20 
7.3 
6.3 


0.0 
1.3 

5.8 

5.0 

.5 

.9 

8.8 

7.0 

5.8 

1.6 

.0 

3.5 


4.55 
9.84 
9.39 
10.6 
11.4 
12.6 
11.8 
10.2 
11.1 
10.4 
2.56 
5.09 


271 


February 6-28 


449 


March 


577 


April 1-3 and 10-30 


605 


May 1-22 and 29-31 


565 


June 1-26 


650 


July 10-31 


515 


August 1-9 and 21-31 


405 


September 


660 


October 


639 


November 


152 


December 1-4 and 18-25 


121 






The period 


22 


.0 


9.13 


5,510 






August 


12 
18 
7.9 
13 
11 


4.7 
6.4 
.0 
4.9 
7.3 


7.25 
9.35 
4.79 
f.41 
S.25 


446 


September 


556 


October 


295 




441 


December 


507 







ANAHOLA DITCH AT MAKAI WEIE, NEAR KEALIA, KAUAI. 

A 10-foot weir was established on Anahola ditch just below the 
public road by the Territorial Public Works Department, August 11, 
1909. The station is about 2^ miles north of Kealia. 

A Watson clock register was used for recording the head on the 
weir. 

This station was abandoned early in 1911. 

There was some inflow into and diversion from Anahola ditch 
between the two weir stations. This makes it impossible to use the 
records for determining the seepage losses. 

Discharge measurements of Anahola ditch at Mahal weir, near Kealia, Kavm, 1909-10. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1909. 
Dec. 18 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
3.5 
3.5 

4.2 


Sq.ft. 
2.92 
2.92 

5.1 


Feet. 

0.25 

.25 

.42 


Sec.-ft. 
4.54 


18 


do 


4.34 


1910. 
Dec. 8 


W. F. Martin 


11.1 









Note.— Gage heights are readings of head on 10-foot weir. 



136 



WATEE EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola ditch at Mahai weir, near Kealia, Kauai, for 

1909-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 










12 
14 
11 

10 

7.8 

2.2 
3.3 
9.8 

12 

16 

16 
15 
14 
14 
13 

14 
13 
13 
13 
14 

13 
12 
12 
11 
11 

10 

10 

11 

10 
9.4 
9.6 

8.8 
8.8 
8.6 
8.4 
8.2 

8.1 
9.1 

8.8 
8.8 
7.9 

7.1 
6.4 
6.5 
6.4 
6.2 

6.7 
5.8 
6.7 
8.2 
7.9 

8.2 
8.0 
8.4 
8.0 
7.3 

7.0 
6.7 
6.4 
7.0 
8.2 
7.9 


9.0 
8.4 
9.0 

10 

10 

8.8 
10 
9.4 
8.5 
8.9 

8.9 
8.0 
7.6 
7.0 
7.2 

7.7 
8.6 
7.9 
9.0 
9.2 

10 
12 
10 
12 
10 

9.6 

8.8 
9.9 
8.6 
8.8 

8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 

8.1 

7.9 
7.9 
8.5 
8.5 

9.1 

8.6 

8.8 


11 

11 

11 
9.0 
9.6 

9.8 
9.6 
9.9 

12 

13 

12 
14 
12 
13 
13 

13 
13 
14 
14 
15 

13 
12 
11 
10 
14 

14 

15 

15 

15 
3.5 
4.0 

"k'.Z 

8.0 
8.6 

8.5 
7.8 
7.6 

8.2 
8.4 
9.0 
8.8 
9.0 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
8.6 
8.6 

8.0 
8.6 
8.7 
8.8 
8.4 
8.0 


12 
12 
12 
10 
11 

11 

9.3 
9.0 
8.6 
8.6 

7.8 
7.4 
6.4 
9.4 
7.6 

8.6 
7.2 
6.8 
6.7 
6.1 

5.9 
7.4 
7.9 
9.5 
10.0 

6.6 
7.6 
8.1 
9.0 
8.2 
7.0 

7.8 
7.3 
7.1 
7.3 
8.4 

8.4 
7.6 
7.6 
7.2 
7.3 

6.9 
6.3 
5.8 
5.5 
5.5 

5.5 
5.5 
5.5 
5.1 
5.3 

6.5 
6.7 
6.2 
5.8 
6.2 

7.0 
6.6 
6.4 
6.0 
5.8 
5.4 


6.3 
6.0 
5.4 
5.4 
6.1 

6.7 
6.4 
6.4 
7.3 
9.0 

8.2 
6.7 
7.6 
6.4 
7.4 

6.8 
7.0 
7.1 
7.0 
6.4 

6.2 
5.6 
5.9 
5.5 
4.7 

4.4 
4.5 
4.7 
4.5 
6.5 

5.2 
6.0 
5.5 
5.6 
5.3 

5.0 
4.9 

4.9 
5.0 
4.7 

4.8 
5.5 
5.6 
6.3 
5.0 

4.9 
5.3 
5.6 
3.4 
.1 

.9 
5.5 
7.3 
7.4 
7.2 

7.9 
8.0 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 


4.9 
4.0 
4.5 
5.0 
4.7 

4.2 
4.1 
3.9 
3.7 
3.9 

3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
9.7 
11 

11 

9.1 
6.2 
5.8 
5.6 

6.1 
7.0 
5.4 
5.2 
6.4 

8.2 
11 
14 
12 
12 
13 

7.2 
7.0 
7.0 
7.4 
7.4 

6.7 
6.8 
7.0 
7.6 
7.4 

6.7 
6.7 
7.6 
7.6 
7.0 

6.8 
6.4 
6.4 
6.3 
6.5 

6.5 
6.2 
6.7 
6.7 
6.4 

6.1 

6.9 

1.5 

.3 

.2 
.5 


12 
12 
10 
9.1 

8.5 

7.9 
7.3 
7.0 
6.1 
6.1 

8.5 

10 

11 
8.8 
7.9 

7.3 

6.7 
6.4 
6.1 
5.5 

5.3 
5.1 

4.9 
4.9 
4.9 

5.3 
4.9 
4.7 
4.7 
5.5 

1.0 
1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.3 

1.0 
1.3 
1.1 

4.8 
2.0 

5.7 
6.8 
6.8 
7.0 
6.5 

6.8 
6.8 
6.8 
7.0 
7.0 

7.6 
8.0 
7.9 
7.6 
7.3 

7.2 
7.4 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 


7 6 


2 










16 


3 










7 6 


4 










6 7 


5 










11 


6 










10 


7 










9.0 


8 










8 


9 










7.0 


10 










6 


11 








14 
14 
13 
13 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
11 

10 
9.6 

8.7 
8.9 
8.7 

8.0 
8.7 
9.1 
9.4 
12 


5.0 


12 








5.3 


13 








5.1 


14 








4.9 










4 7 


16 








4.7 


17 








4.7 


18 








4.5 


19 








4.3 


20 








3.8 


21 








4.7 


22 








4.7 


23 








7.2 


24 








7.9 


25 








8.5 


26 








10 


27 








9.4 


28 








8.8 


29 








2.0 


30 








3.0 


31 








6.1 


1910. 
1 


5.4 
5.3 
4.9 
5.7 
6.8 

3.2 
1.4 
2.0 
2.2 
2.5 

3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
4.6 

C.8 

6.6 
7.1 
8.7 
8.7 
9.0 

9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
8.4 
8.4 
8.4 


8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.4 
8.7 
8.4 
8.4 
9.0 

9.6 

10 

10 
9.6 
9.3 

9.0 

8.7 
8.7 
8.4 
8.5 

8.7 
8.7 
8.7 
8.1 
8.1 

7.8 
8.1 

8.1 


8.4 
9.0 
8.7 
8.4 
8.4 

8.6 

8.7 
8.7 
8.6 
7.9 

7.4 
7.4 
7.5 

7.8 
7.4 

7.0 
6.6 
6.3 
6.6 
7.3 

7.0 
6.3 
6.4 
6.8 
6.8 

6.1 
6.2 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.0 


6.8 
6.8 
7.0 
6.8 
6.4 

6.1 
6.4 
6.1 
5.7 
5.4 

5.2 
5.1 
5.1 
4.5 
4.4 

4.4 

5.3 
5.9 
5.8 
6.7 

7.3 
7.1 

7.0 
8.4 
10 

8.6 
8.7 
8.7 
8.7 
8.7 


7.1 


2 


7.0 


3 


7.3 


4.. . 


7.7 


5 


7.7 


6 


8.2 


7 


7.6 


8 


8.5 


9 


8.8 




8.6 


11 


8.8 


12 


8.5 




8.5 


14 


8.4 




8.1 


16 


7.9 


17 


7.9 


18 


7.9 


19 


7.8 


20 


7.9 


21 


7.7 


22 


7.7 


23 


8.8 


24 


8.8 


25 


9.4 


26 




27 




28 




29 




30 




31 











ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



137 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Anahola ditch at Makai weir, near Kealia, Kauai, for 

1909-1911— Contmued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Jan. 


15.... 


1911. 


1.5 
1.3 
1.5 
.9 
.4 


20 


1911. 


0.5 
.7 
.5 
.4 
.4 


25 


1911. 


0.4 


16 


21 


26 


.4 


17 


22 


27 


.5 


18 


23 


28 


.5 


19 


24 


29 


.4 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from records of head on a 10-foot weir as obtained by a Watson clock 
register. No records were obtained on the days for which discharge is not given. 

Monthly discharge of Anahola ditch at Makai weir, near Kealia, Kauai, for 1909-1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1909. 
April 11-30 


14 
16 
12 
15 
12 
13 
14 
12 
16 


8.0 
2.2 
7.0 
3.5 
5.9 
4.4 
3.6 
4.7 
2.0 


10.9 
11.5 
9.09 
11.8 
8.54 
6.24 
6.86 
7.15 
6.72 


432 


May 


707 


June 


641 


July 


726 


August 1 


525 


September 


371 


October 


422 


November 


425 


December 


413 






The period 








4,660 












1910. 
January 


9.0 

10 
9.0 

10 
9.1 
9.1 
9.0 
8.4 
8.0 
7.6 
8.0 
9.4 


1.4 

8.1 
6.1 
4.4 
5.8 
7.9 
7.6 
5.1 
,1 
.2 
1.0 
7.0 


6.40 
8.62 
7.44 
6.64 
7.63 
8.34 
8.35 
6.50 
5.52 
6.05 
5.26 
8.10 


332 


February 


479 


M arch 


457 


April..... 


395 


May 


469 


June 1-13 


215 


July 10-31 


364 


August 


400 


September 


328 


October 


372 


November 


313 


December 1-25 


402 






The period 


10 


.1 


6.85 


4,630 






1911. 
January 15-29 


1.5 


.4 


.69 


20.6 







HANALEI RIVER BASIN. 



GENEEAL FEATUBES. 

Hanalei River basin lies on the northern slope of Kauai, west of 
Kalihiwai basin and east of Lumahai basin. It is 9 or 10 mUes long 
north and south, and from 1 to 1^ mUes wide in the lower part of 
the basin, and about 3^ miles in the upper part. The total area is 
about 25 square miles. The upper part of the basin is contiguous to 
upper Wainiha basin on the west, and northern Wailua basin on the 
southeast. The lower part of the basin opens out into a broad 
picturesque valley which extends several miles from Hanalei Bay. 
The stream through the valley has a very light grade and is navi- 



138 



WATEK BESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



gable for small craft. Numerous tributaries joiu the stream from 
the east and west. 

The rainfall averages about 100 inches at the mouth of Hanalei 
River, and is probably as much as 300 or 400 inches at its source on 
the northern slope of Waialeale. 

Water is diverted from Hanalei River through China and Kuna 
ditches for rice irrigation. 

Gaging stations have been established on Hanalei River and on 
China and Kuna ditches. 

HANALEI RIVER NEAR HANALEI, KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on Hanalei River at a point about 
,5 mUes above its mouth December 28, 1911. The station is below 
the intake of China ditch and above the intake of Kuna ditch. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet from 5 to 19 feet, is fas- 
tened to a mango tree on the left bank of the stream. A cable 172 
feet in length with car is used for making the measurements. The 
stream is wide and has a probable range in stage of 6 or 8 feet. 

Discharge at this point, with the addition of the flow of China 
ditch, gives the total flow of Hanalei River. 

Discharge measurements of Hanalei River near Hanalei, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dee. 31 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
135 


Sq.ft. 
128 


Feet. 
6.58 


Sec.-ft. 
164 











Note.— Measurement made by wading 20 feet below gage. 



CHINA DITCH. 

China ditch diverts water from the left side of Hanalei River, a 
short distance above the gaging station on the river. The gaging 
station was established at a point opposite the river station Decem- 
ber 28, 1911. 

The gage is graduated to tenths of feet and a footbridge is used for 
making the measurements. 

Records at this station show the amount of water diverted from 
Hanalei River for rice irrigation on the west side. 

Discharge measurements of China ditch near Hanalei, Kauai, 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec. 31 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
6.5 


Sq.ft. 
14.6 


Feet. 
3.4 


Sec.-ft. 
15.1 









Note. — Measurement made from bridge at gage. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 139 

WAINIHA BIVEB BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Wainiha River basin lies on the northern slope of Kauai. It is a 
long, narrow basin, its width being 1 mile to 2^ miles and its length 
approximately 12 miles. The total area of the basin is about 20 
square miles. It lies west of Lumahai and northeast of Olokele and 
Waimea basins. 

Wainiha River rises at the summit of Waialeale and flows north- 
westward and then northeastward to the sea. It receives numerous 
small tributaries from each side. Probably some of these tributaries 
from the west side are really springs receiving some of their water 
from the Alakai Swamp which lies above them to the southwest. 
Rainfall is about 100 inches at the mouth of Wainiha River, 170 
inches at elevation 700 feet, and probably 300 or 400 inches near its 
source. 

Water is diverted from the west side of the stream through Wainiha 
canal and is used for power development. Below the power house, 
which is at an elevation of 100 feet, water is diverted for taro irri- 
gation on both sides of the stream. 

Gaging stations have been established on Wainiha River below 
the power house and on Wainiha canal. 

WAINIHA RIVER AT POWER HOUSE, NEAR WAINIHA, KAUAI. 

A gaging station was established on Wainiha River about 500 feet 
below the power house of the Kauai Electric Co. and about 2 miles 
from Wainiha, December 30, 1911. 

A staff gage, in two sections, is fastened on the left bank. It is 
graduated in tenths of a foot from 4 to 11 feet. A wire suspension 
bridge 184 feet in length is used for making measurements. The 
stream at this point runs in two channels, so that a gage and bridge 
had to be placed on each. The main flow, however, is through the 
west channel, which is about 100 feet wide and in which the range in 
stage is probably 5 or 6 feet. 

Discharge measurements of Wainiha River at power house, near Wainiha, Kauai, 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
heiglit. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec. 30o 


W. V. Hardy 


Feet. 
145 


Sq.ft. 
290 


Feet. 
65.8 


Sec.-ft. 
238 









o Measurement made from wagon bridge on Government road about 1§ miles below station. 
6 Reading of gage on west channel. 

WAINIHA CANAL AT INTAKE, NEAR WAINIHA, KAUAI. 

The Kauai Electric Co. has kept a gage on the Wainiha canal at 
the intake for several years, but has not kept a record of gage heights 
until recently. It has furnished the Geological Survey with all gage- 
height readings made during 1910 and 1911, and these will be used to 
determine the daily discharge from a current-meter rating at the gage. 



140 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



The discharge at this point shows the amount of water diverted 
from Wainiha River at elevation 700 feet for power purposes. 

Discharge measurements of Wainiha canal at intake, near Wainiha, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 24 


Martin and Hardy 


Feet. 
8.5 


Sq.ft. 
33.1 


Feet. 
4.71 


Sec.-ft. 
93 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Wainiha canal at intake, near Wainiha, Kauai, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec, 


1910. 
1 


4.55 
4.40 
4.62 
4.70 
4.80 

4.90 
4.92 
4.88 
4.95 
4.92 

4.75 
4.60 
4.40 
4.78 
4.80 


4.00 
3.95 
3.95 
4.88 
4.00 

4.85 
4.62 
3.95 
4.42 
4.10 

3.85 
4.38 
4.58 
4.00 
4.42 


4.95 
4.95 
4.95 
4.90 
4.72 

4.30 

4.,58 
4.95 
4.95 
4.95 

4.95 
4.95 
4.95 
4.92 
4.50 


4.05 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
3.40 


2.60 
2.60 
2.60 
2.60 
2.60 

2.60 
2.60 
2.60 
2.60 
2.60 

2.60 
2.60 
2.60 
2.60 
2.60 


1910. 
16 


4.68 
4.30 
4.20 
4.15 

4.48 

4.95 
4.95 
4.82 
4.35 
4.92 

4.95 
4.95 
4.95 
4.92 
4.50 
4.05 


4.95 
4.15 
3.85 
4.05 

4.78 

4.95 

4.78 
4.95 
4.62 
4.92 

4.95 
4.95 
4.95 
4.95 
4.95 


4.40 
4.05 
3.85 
3.62 
3.90 

4.38 
4.95 
4.95 
4.68 
4.05 

3.80 
4.95 
4.65 
4.65 
4.55 
4.45 


3.38 
3.22 
3.10 
3.10 
3.10 

3.40 
3.65 
4.50 
4.50 
4.55 

2.60 
2.60 
1.00 
1.80 
2.60 


2.60 


2 


17 


2.60 


3 


18 


2.60 


4 


19 


3.20 


5 


20 


3.30 


6 


21 


3.30 


7 


22 


3.20 


8 


23 


4.50 


9 


24 


4.50 


10 


25 


4.50 


11 


26 


2.25 


12 


27 


2.00 


13 


28 


2.00 


14 


29 


2.00 


15 


30 


2.00 




31 .... 


2.00 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.50 
1.65 
2.75 
2.35 
2.35 

2.35 
2.35 
2.35 
2.35 
2.35 

2.35 
2.35 
2.35 
2.35 
2.35 

2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 

2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 

2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 
2.15 


2.20 
.00 
.00 
.00 

2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 


2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 


2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 
2.20 

2.20 
3.75 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 

3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 

3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
4.10 

4.40 
4.40 
3.60 
3.40 
3.40 

3.40 
3.40 
3.40 
3.40 
3.40 


3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 
3.80 

3.80 
3.80 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.45 

4.50 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 


4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 
4.60 

4.60 
4.60 
4.50 
4.45 
4.60 

4.65 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 


4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.50 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.50 

4.40 
4.70 

4.40 
4.50 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.45 

4.15 
4.60 
4.70 
4.70 
4.35 
4.25 


4.30 
4.25 
4.70 
4.25 
3.95 

3.90 
3.90 
4.15 
4.40 
4.70 

4.45 
.4.45 
4.65 
4.70 
4.70 

4.60 
4.70 
4.70 
4.65 
4.70 

4.35 
3.95 
3.85 
4.00 
3.90 

4.55 
4.70 
4.10 
3.85 
4.70 
4.70 


4.65 
4.15 
4.00 
3.85 
4.55 

4.50 
4.55 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.60 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 


2.00 
4.65 
4.60 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.45 
4.25 

4.05 
4.05 
4.00 
4.00 
3.85 

3.80 
4.05 
4.10 
3.85 
3.80 

3.85 
3.80 
3.90 
4.70 
4.45 

4.10 
3.85 
3.70 
3.80 
3.75 
3.80 


3.60 
3.65 
3.60 
3.55 
4.60 

4.45 
4.55 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
.4.50 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 

4.60 
4.70 
4.70 
4.70 
4.60 


4.20 


2 


4.05 


3 


3.95 


4 


4.45 


5 


4.45 


6 


4.70 




4.70 


8 


4.70 




4.70 


10 


3.00 


11 


3.00 


12 


3.00 


13 


3.00 


14 


3.00 


15 


3.00 


16..... 


3.00 




3.00 


18 


3.00 


19 


3.00 


20 


3.00 


21 


3.00 


22 


3.00 


23 


3.00 


24 


3.00 


25 


3.00 


26 


3.00 


27 


3.00 


28 


3.00 


29 


3.00 


30 


3.00 


31 


3.00 






1 












1 





Note.— The discharge will be published later, when sufficient measurements for a rating have been 
made. Gage height is the mean of two readings daily, taken at 7 a. m. and 6 p. m. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



141 



WAINIHA CANAL AT TUNNEL NO. 18, NEAR WAINIHA, KAUAI. 

The Kauai Electric Co. established a gage on Wainiha canal at 
tunnel No. 18 about 1 i miles below the intake. The ditch at this point 
has received the inflow from several tributaries of Wainiha River. 

The gage-height record was begun in 1911. The data have been 
furnished to the Geological Survey by the company and have been 
used to determine the daily discharge of the ditch from a current- 
meter rating of the section. 

Discharge measurements of Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainiha, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 25 


Martin and Hardy 


Feet. 
8.8 


Sq.ft. 
29.3 


Feet. 
4.28 


Sec.-ft. 
105 







Note. — Several measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainiha, Kauai, for 1911. 

[A. Menefoglio, observer.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


4.1 

4.1 

4.4 

4.05 

3.75 

3.7 

3.8 

3.9 

4.05 

4.3 

4.2 

4.15 

4.25 

4.4 

4.4 


4.2 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 
4.3 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 


2.4 
4.3 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
3.9 
3.9 

3.9 
3.7 
3.8 
3.7 
3.6 


4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.0 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.2 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 


3.95 
3.75 
3.75 
4.15 
4.15 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 


16 


4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.3 
4.4 

4.05 

3.7 

3.65 

3.8 

3.7 

4.3 

4.4 

3.8 

3.65 

4.5 

4.3 


4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.5 


4.0 
3.8 
3.8 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 
3.8 
4.3 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 


4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

4,2 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 
4.1 


3.0 


2 


17 


3.0 


3 


18 


3.0 


4 


19 


3.0 


5 


20 


3.0 


6 


21 


3.0 


7 


22 


3.0 


8 


23 


3.0 


9 


24 


3.0 


10 


25 


3.0 


11 


26 


3.0 


12 


27 


3.0 


13 


28 


3.0 


14 


29 


3.0 


15 


30 


3.0 




31 


3.0 









Note.— The gage height is the mean of two readings taken at 7 a. m. and 6 p. m., furnished by the Kauai 
Eleijtric Co. Records missing for the period Sept. 21-30. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainiha, Kauai, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


94 
94 
106 
92 
80 

78 
82 
86 
92 
102 

98 
96 
100 
106 
106 


98 
82 
78 
74 
102 

106 
106 
106 
106 
106 

106 
106 
106 
106 
102 


35 
102 
106 
102 
102 

102 
102 
102 
86 
86 

86 
78 
82 
78 
74 


98 
98 
98 
98 
98 

90 
102 
102 
102 
102 

102 
98 
102 
102 
102 


88 
80 
80 
96 
96 

102 
102 
102 
102 
53 

53 
53 
53 
53 
53 


16 


106 
106 
106 
102 
106 

92 

78 
76 
82 
78 

102 
106 
82 
76 
110 
102 


106 
106 
106 
106 
110 


90 

82 
82 
78 
78 

78 
82 
102 
98 
98 

98 
98 
98 
98 
98 
98 


102 
102 
102 
102 
102 

106 
102 
102 
102 
102 

98 
106 
102 
102 

94 


53 


2 


17 


53 


3 


18 


53 


4 


19 


53 


5 


20 


53 


6 


21 


53 


7 


22 


53 


8 


23 


53 


9 


24 


53 


10 


25 


53 


11 


26 


53 


12 


27 


53 


13 


28 


53 


14 


29 


53 


15 


30 


53 




31...: 


53 









Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined between 60 and 110 second-feet. 



142 



WATEK EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Wainiha canal at tunnel No. 18, near Wainiha, Kauai, for Aug. 1 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 




110 
110 
106 
106 
102 


76 
74 
35 
90 
53 


94.3 
101 

89.6 
101 
65.0 


5,800 
4,010 
5,510 
6,010 
4,000 


A. 


Sept. 1-20 


A. 




A. 




A. 




B. 







WAINIHA CANAL AT TAILRACE, NEAR WAINIHA, KAUAI. 

The Kauai Electric Co. established a gage in the tailrace at the 
power house and kept a record of gage heights for the month of 
December, 1911. These records have been given to the Geological 
Survey and, when sufficient measurements have been made for a 
rating, will be useful in showing the amount of water actually used 
for power development by the Kauai Electric Co. 

Discharge measurements of Wainiha canal at tailrace, near Wainiha, Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


.4rea of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 25 


Martin and Hardy 


Feet. 
10.0 


Sq.ft. 
23 


Feet. 
2.30 


Sec.-ft. 
107 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Wainiha canal at tailrace, near Wainiha, Kauai, for Decem- 
ber, 1911. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 

1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.10 
1.50 

1.00 
.70 
.85 
.80 

1.55 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 


2.30 
2.30 
2.25 
2.30 
2.15 

2.15 
2.10 
2.10 
1.75 
1.45 


11 


21 


2 00 


2 


12 


22 ... 


2 00 


3 


13 


23 


2 00 


4 


14 


24 


1 45 


5 


15 


25 


1 20 


6 


16 


26 


2 10 




17 


27 


2 05 


8 


18 


28 


2 10 


9 


19 


29 


2.10 


10 


20 


30 


2 05 






31 


1 20 









Note.— Discharge will be published later, when sufRcieat measurements for a rating have been made. 
The gage height is the mean of two readings daily, taken at 7 a. m. and 6 p. m. 



ISLAND OF KAUAI. 



143 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS ON KAUAI. 

The following miscellaneous discharge measurements have been 
made on the streams and ditches of Kauai during 1909-1911. They 
are arranged by the stream basins in counter-clockwise order, begin- 
ning at the west. 

Miscellaneous measurements on streams, island of Kauai, in 1911. 



Date. 



Stream. 



Tributary to- 



Locality. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1911. 
Sept. 9 
9 



Oct. 19 

.19 

Apr. 26 

Sept. 12 

12 

Apr. 26 

Sept. 13 
Oct. 19 

Sept. 13 

11 
Apr. 26 
Sept. 14 
Sept. 11 

11 
May 1 

Aug. 29 
29 
18 

9 

9 



13 

13 
July 23 
Dec. 30 

30 

30 
July 24 

24 



Kauaikanana . 

Kokee 

Halemanu 



Waimea. 



Koaie . 



Unnamed. 



....do 

North Fork. 
Lali 



....do.. 

Waialae. 



Kalehuahalcihaki . 

Kakekapoeleele . . 

Mokihana 

do 

Koholoina 



Halekua. 
Manuahi. 



North Fork.. 
East Branch. 
Maiakii 



Kealia . 



Keaoopu. 



Anahola 

Kalihiwai 

Waioli 

Waipa 

Waikoko 

No. 8 tributary . 
No. 7 tributary. 



Poomau Stream. 
Waimea River . . 
do 



Pacific Ocean . . . 
Waimea River.. 
Waialae Stream. 



do 

Lali Stream 

Waialae Stream. 



do ■.... 

Waimea River . 



Mokihana Stream . . 



do 

Waimea River 

do 

Halekua Stream. . 



Olokele River 

Hanapepe River . . . 

Konohiki Stream . . 

do 

Waiawaawa Reser- 
voir. 
Pacific Ocean 



Abou 1 200 feet above trail crossing 

KJnudsen's camp, Kokee Flat 

Road crossing near Knudsen's moun- 
tain house. 

About 80 feet above confluence with 
Koaie Stream. 

About 7S feet above confluence with 
Waimea River. 

Trail crossing near Waialae gaging sta- 
tion. 

do 

Trail crossing 

Trail crossing about 300 feet from Gay's 
mountain house. 

do 

About 300 feet above confluence with 
Waimea River. 

TraU crossing about J mile south of 
Gay's mountain house. 

Trail crossing 

do 

do 

Just above confluence with Halekua 
Stream. 

About \ mile below Koholoina Stream. 

Above confluence with Hanapepe 
River. 



Kapaa River... 

Pacific Ocean . . 

Anahola River. 

Pacific Ocean.. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Wainiha canal . 
do 



About i mUe above Waiawaawa Reser- 
voir. 

About 60 feet above confluence with 
Kealia Stream. 

About 40 feet above confluence with 
Kapaa Stream. 

About i mile below confluence of Kealia 
and Kapaa streams. 

About 200 feet above confluence with 
Anahola River. 

About 100 feet above Keaoopu Stream . . 

i mile above Kalihiwai village 

Highway bridge near Hanalei 

100 feet below highway bridge 

30 feet below highway bridge 

Outlet into Wainiha canal 

...do 



Sec.-ft. 

3.83 

.45 

.10 

19.7 

19.2 

1.45 

.41 

.24 

1.85 

.14 

4.63 



7.3 
.63 
.50 

3.68 
4.8 

.14 
a. 5 
3.42 

9.2 

7.8 

6 15.5 

3.08 

8.6 
47.9 
52.0 
8.0 
3.99 
9.0 
5.0 



a Estimated. 

* Small taro ditch taking out on north side of stream not included in this measurement. 



]44 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

MiacellaneoviS measurements on ditches, island of Kauai, in 1909-1911. 



Date. 


Ditch. 


Diversion from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1909. 
Dec. 17 


Kapahi 


Kapaa River 




Sec.-ft. 
a 12.3 


1910. 
Nov. 11 


Kekaha 


Waimea River 

Waimea River 

do 


Tunnel No. 2 


81 


1911. 
Apr. 27 

27 


Kekaha 


Flume No. 1, 1 mile below intake 

Flume No. 2, 1 mile below intake 

Camp No. 2, 1 J mUes below intake 

Above tiinnpl Nn. 7. . , 


91 


do 


88 


27 


do 


do 


86 


27 


do 


do 


83 


28 


.. .do 


.do 


Mouth of tunnel No. 10 


78 


Oct. 20 


do 


do 


50 feet above Huekipo weir 


»3L9 


20 


do 


do 


Hululiulunui bridge, 4,000 feet below 
Huekipo. 
do 


30.6 


Nov. 7 


do 


do 


29.8 


7 


....do 


. .do 


Waiaka bridge, 2,000 feet below Hulu- 

hulunui. 
Between Huluhulunui bridge and 

Waiaka bridge. 
.. do 


26.6 


7 

7 


First gate, field No. 28, 

Waimea side. 
Second gate, field No. 

28, Mana side. 
Kekaha . 


Kekaha ditch 

do 


cl.54 
d .74 


10 


Waimea River 

... do 


Huluhulunui bridge 


34.3 


10 


....do 




e34.3 


Feb. 14 


do 


do 


Pump No. 3 


/62 


Apr. 28 


. do 


do 


do 


ff 66 




do 


50 feet below intake, near Kekaha 
ditch siphon. 


L23 


July 27 
27 


Olokele 


Olokele River 

Olokele ditch 

Olokele River 

do 


56 


Field B supply 

Olokele 


Near main Olokele ditch 


8.9 


27 




43 


27 


do 


East end of tunnel No. 36 


44 


May 2 
2 




Hanapepe River 

..do 


Flume No. 8 


55.4 


do 




54.2 


2 


do 


do 


500 feet above Makai siphon 


A 55. 6 


3 


McBryde 




At weir on road 


»6.0 


Aug. 15 

Ang. 14 
14 


Rice 






2.29 


Tunnel 


Kapahi ditch 

Kapaa River 

Kealia River 

do 


Lower end of tunnel above reservoir 

Below outflow to tunnel ditch 


n.4 


Kapahi 


j 14. 4 
7.2 


13 






18 


do 


do 


7.5 


18 


do 


do 


About 300 feet above Waiawaawa res- 
ervoir. 
About 100 feet below intake 


5.2 


18 


Kaneha 


do 


5.6 


July 24 


Wainiha ......... . 


Wainiha River 


Gage No. 7 


Jtl02 









a Discharge by weir was 11 .2 second-feet. 
b Discharge by 6-foot weir was 28.7 second-feet. 
<■ For irrigating cane, "Two men's water." 
d For irrigating cane, " One man's water." 

f Second gate, field No. 28, closed. One diversion of about 1.54 second-feet at first gate. Water raised 
0.12 foot while this measurement was being made. 
/ Discharge by 6-foot weir was 65.6 second-feet. 
g Discharge by 6-foot weir was 67.5 second-feet, 
'i Water raised in ditch due to increase at intake. 
i Discharge by 6-foot weir was 5.6 second-feet. 
;' Water in ditch fell 0.04 foot during measurement. 
* Gage height 4.40 feet. 

PUMPED WATER ON KAUAI. 

Several small pumping plants on Kauai are used for pumping 
underground water for irrigation at very dry times or to lift fresh 
water to higher elevations. At only one place, however, is pumped 
water from underground sources depended upon as a regular irriga- 
tion supply. 

The McBryde Sugar Co. has five electric plants with seven pumps 
and two steam plants with two pumps which are used for pumping 
underground water from Hanapepe and Lawai valleys. 

During 1911, the quantity of water pumped daily by this company 
averaged 19.7 million gallons, or 30.4 second-feet. A large part of 
this water is lifted more than 400 feet. 



WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 145 

ISLAND OF OAHU. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

The island of Oahu lies midway between Kauai on the northwest 
and Maui on the southeast. It is separated from Kauai by Kaieie 
Waho Channel (width 63 miles) and from Molokai, which lies between 
Oahu and Maui, by Kaiwi Channel (width 23 miles). It is 2,100 
miles southwest of San Francisco in latitude 21° 30' north and 
longitude 158° west. It is somewhat north of the geographic center 
of the main group, and is third in size, but it is preeminently the most 
important member of the group. (See PI. XII, at end of volume.) 

In shape Oahu is somewhat trapezoidal. The bases of the trape- 
zoid are at the northeast and the southwest, and the legs are at the 
south and the northwest, the latter being at right angles to the base. 
The longer base is about 37 miles long; the shorter, about 22 miles. 
The legs at the south and northwest are about 29 and 22 miles in 
length respectively. The shortest distance across the tableland 
from Kaiaka Bay at the north to Pearl Lochs at the south, which 
extend 5 miles inland, is about 15^ miles. The total area of Oahu 
is 598 square miles, as compared with 4,015 square miles for Hawaii 
and 728 for Maui. 

Oahu Island has two distinct mountain ranges, a feature which 
makes it unique as compared with the other islands, none of which 
has any distinct mountain range. The Koolau Range at the north- 
east extends the full length of the island, the crest being approxi- 
mately parallel to the shore and only 3 or 4 miles inland. The 
Waianae Range extends almost the entire length of the southwest 
side, the crest being from 1 to 5 miles from the shore. These ranges 
are separated by a tableland which rises to an elevation of 800 feet 
in thQ saddle near the center of the island, from which point it slopes 
gently downward to the north and to the south. Both these ranges 
are at right angles to the northeast trade winds which blow for about 
nine months of the year, and both are exposed more or less to the 
severe southwestern storms, or konas, which prevail at times. Each 
shields the other to a greater or less extent, and this helps to explain 
some of the present physical features. 

The Waianae Mountains are very much older than the Koolau 
Mountains. They are probably as old as Kauai, and originally 
formed a single island much larger and higher than the present 
Waianae Mountains. Erosion had probably eaten deeply into the 
northeastern and southwestern slopes and completely obliterated all 
trace of the original crater long before the Koolau Mountains on the 
east had emerged from the ocean. The successive lava flows from 
younger Koolau then piled up along the eastern base of Waianae, 
74323°— wsp 31S— 13 10 



146 WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

filling the valleys and covering the ridges, thus obliterating the effects 
of earlier channeling on that side. On the southwest side, however, 
nothing of the kind has occurred. The original valleys have been 
broadened, deepened, and extended farther into the heart of the 
mountains where they terminate in almost vertical corrugated walls, 
Lualualei, Waianae, and Makaha are the most prominent of these 
valleys. Kaala Peak, back of Waianae Valley, elevation 4,030 feet, 
is the highest point on Oahu. 

The Koolau Mountains came into being long after the Waianae 
Moimtains. They were built up by successive lava flows which, on 
the west, overlapped the eastern slopes of Waianae and filled up its 
valleys. As soon as the Koolau Range had reached a sufficient 
height it formed a wind barrier in the path of the trades, which 
largely robbed the clouds of their moisture before they reached the 
Waianae Mountains, so that thereafter the rainfall in these moun- 
tains became much less, with the result that the denuding agencies 
also became less active. The Koolau Range not only protects the 
Waianae Mountains on the west but is in turn shielded by them from 
the severe kona storms that come from the southwest. The extent 
of this protection is well shown by the great difference in erosion on 
the western and southern slopes of the Koolau Mountains. On the 
south the slopes are unprotected, with the result that .deep, broad 
vafleys, such as Palolo, Manoa, Nuuanu, and Kalihi, all back of 
Honolulu, have eaten their way into the very core of the range. 
Indeed, Nuuanu and Kalihi have cut through the core forming the 
low pass at the head of each valley. 

The eastern side of Koolau Range is very much unlike the western 
side. It is divided into two parts by the Kualoa Ridge, or spur, 
which juts out from the middle of the main range as a sort of headland 
north of Waikane. North of Kualoa are several deep valleys which 
extend well back into the range and are separated from each other by 
spur ridges that branch off from the main range. These valleys and 
ridges have probably resulted entirely from erosion. South of Kualoa 
the spur ridges separating the different valleys are almost entirely 
wanting. The result is that the heads of the various short alcove 
valleys form an almost continuous corrugated wall or precipice, 3 or 4 
miles from shore, 1,000 to 1,200 feet high and 10 or 12 miles long. 
The area between the sea and the base of the cliffs is comparatively 
open rolling country across which short streams course to the sea. 
The existing cliff forms may be due entirely to erosion, as maintained 
by some authorities, wholly subaerial or partly submarine, or they 
may have originated in a long fissure, as suggested by Dana,^ which 
resulted in the mass east of the rupture sliding into the sea. As 

»Pana, J.D., Characterlstjcsof volcanoes, 1890, p. 288, 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 147 

bearing on Dana's theory, it is interesting to note that practically all 
the streams south of Kualoa seem to originate in constant high level 
springs which are about 1,000 feet above the sea back of Waikane 
and Waiahole and decrease in elevation toward the south. These 
springs appear to emerge from porous strata overlying an impervious 
stratum which dips gently to the south and probably to the west 
away from the face of the cliff. 

The shore line of Oahu is much more irregular than the shore line 
of any of the other islands. There are important points on all sides 
of the island, the most prominent of which are Diamond and Koko 
heads, Makapuu, Mokapu, Kahuku, Kaena, and Barbers points. 
There are also good bays, the most important of which are at Hono- 
lulu and Pearl harbors on the south side. Pearl Lochs, 6 or 7 miles 
west of Honolulu, is the site of the naval station and is said to form 
one of the safest and best harbors on the Pacific. 

Oahu has more coral on and around it than any of the other islands. 
Extensive living coral reefs almost completely girdle the island, 
closing the entrance to the bays except where enough fresh water is 
received from streams or springs to maintain an opening to the sea. 
The coastal plain which extends almost entirely around the island 
consists mainly of uplifted coral, especially on the south side; and 
coralline limestone strata are encountered in well borings at various 
depths below sea level. 

The distribution of coral below and above sea level is one of the 
principal evidences of long periods of subsidence followed by later 
upheaval. Well borings show alterations of basalt clay, earth, lime- 
stone, and hard basaltic sheets to a depth of several hundred feet. 
Hard coral has been encountered at 800 feet below sea level, and 
broken coral at somewhat greater depth. These facts lead to the 
conclusion that the island has been depressed 700 or 800 feet. Surface 
coral near the shore indicates a later upheavalof 50 feet or more. At 
Waipio, just west of Pearl City, there is a stratum of oyster shells 3 or 
4 feet thick and probably 20 feet or more above sea level. 

The conditions just described have given to Oahu the distinction 
of having the best artesian water supply of any of the islands. The 
principal water-bearing stratum is a vesiculated basalt which lies 
300 to 400 feet below sea level and which is overlain by an impervious 
cover. The water in flowing wells originally reached 42 feet above 
sea level at Honolulu, 32 feet at Ewa, and 26 feet at Kahuku. The 
height is now considerably less than it was originally. In addition to 
the large number of flowing wells, there are many others which are 
pumped. In all nearly 500 wells have been sunk on Oahu, chiefly on 
the south side. 

The rainfall on Oahu is comparatively less than on the other large 
islands. It ranges from 31 inches a year in the business center of 



148 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Honolulu to 21 inches at Ewa and Waianae, all on the south side. On 
the mauka side of Honolulu City the rainfall ranges from 40 or 50 
inches to 90 inches just back of the city. The rainfall reaches 140 or 
150 inches in Nuuanu and Manoa valleys, but is considerably less on 
the mountains. On the windward side of the island the rainfall is 
less than 100 inches. It probably does not exceed 100 inches on an 
average anywhere on the Koolau Range. On the Waianae Range 
the rainfall is light. 

The forest cover is restricted largely to the higher slopes which are 
now in forest reserves and are being reforested. The lower slopes 
have been largely denuded by cattle. 

On account of the nature and arrangement of Oahu's mountain 
ranges there are fewer running streams than on the other large islands. 
The streams that exist are also smaller, as a rule. Except near Hono- 
lulu, most of the streams on the west side of the Koolau Mountains 
are intermittent in flow. For a short time after storms they carry 
water which is taken into ditches constructed for storm water, but 
they are practically dry for the greater part of the time. Kaukonahua 
Stream, at Wahiawa, is the largest on the west side of Koolau Range. 
An the streams on the east side of Koolau Range are short, but they 
have a good flow. Waianae is the principal stream from the Waianae 
Mountains. What Oahu lacks in surface supply is largely made up 
from underground sources. Cane, rice, and taro are extensively 
irrigated on this island. Pineapples require no irrigation. 

Transportation facilities are better on Oahu than on any of the 
other islands. A belt road crosses the Koolau Range and the table- 
land between the mountain ranges, and a railroad extends almost 
completely around the island. It is thus easier to carry on field 
operations on this island than on the others. 

Honolulu is the capital and principal town. In 1910 it had a popu- 
lation of 52,183 out of a total of 81,993 for the entire island. Water- 
town, Aiea, Waipahu, Ewa Mill, Waianae, Waialua, Kahuku, 
Kaneohe, and Waimanalo are important places. 

The stations considered in this report are arranged ia clockwise 
order, beginning at the southeast. 

PALOLO STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Palolo basin lies on the south side of Koolau Mountains just back 
of Diamond Head. It is about 1 mile wide and 4 or 5 miles long. 
Palolo Stream, which drains this basin, is made up of Waiomao and 
Pukele branches. The Waiomao Branch is on the east and reaches 
up to the summit of the range just east of Kaau Crater, which drains 
into it. Water is diverted from the streams in this basiQ for taro 
irrigation. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



149 



WAIOMAO STREAM AT 950 FEET ELEVATION, NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 



A gaging station was established on Waiomao 
feet elevation October 10, 1911. A 3-foot weir 
register were installed. This station was put in 
determining the amount of water available at that 
pal supply for Kaimuki, which is a subdivision of 

The discharge at this point includes the water 
the stream above from Kaau Crater. 



Stream about 950 
and Watson clock 
for the purpose of 
point for a munici- 
Honolulu. 
which comes into 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waiomao stream at 950 feet elevation, Palolo Valley, 
near Honolulu, Oahu,for 1911. 











[David Andrews, observer.] 










Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.8 

.7 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.9 
.9 
1.0 
.9 
.8 


1.5 

1.2 
.9 

.7 
.7 

.7 

.8 

.8 

1.5 

1.0 


11 


0.8 
.8 
.8 

.7 
.7 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 


0.7 
.6 

.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
1.0 

.8 
1.1 

.8 


4.3 
2.7 
2.8 
2.0 
2.0 

1.0 
.8 
2.6 
1.4 
1.2 


21 


0.6 

.5 

.5 

1.2 

1.1 

1.4 
1.5 
1.3 
1.3 
1.0 
.8 


0.8 

.8 

.8 

1.2 

1.0 

1.1 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 
1.2 


1.2 


2 




12 


22 


2.9 


3 




13 


23 


1.4 


4 




14 


24 


1.2 


5 




15 


25 


1.1 


6 




16 


2G 


.8 


7 . 




17 . ... ■. 


27 


3.2 


8 




18 


28 


.9 


9 




19 


29 


1.2 


10 


0.8 


20 


30 


1.2 






31 


.7 









Note.— Daily discharge computed from head on 3-foot weir as recorded by Watson clock register. 

Monthly discharge of Waiomao stream at 950 feet elevation, Palolo Valley, near Honolulu, 
Oahu,for Oct. 10 to Dec. 81, 1911. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
aere-feet). 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


October 10-31 


1.5 
1.2 
4.3 


0.5 
.6 
.7 


0.85 
.88 
1.50 


37.1 




52.4 


December 


92.2 







WAIOMAO STREAM ABOVE PUKELE STREAM, NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 

A gaging station was established on Waiomao stream at the bridge 
on the Government road about 1^ miles north of the car line, April 8, 
1910. The station is a few hundred feet above the junction of 
Waiomao and Pukele streams. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet and fastened to the left 
abutment of the bridge, is used to obtain gage heights. 



150 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 



Discharge measurements of Waiomao stream above Pukele stream, near Honolulu, Oahu 

in 1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



Apr. 8 
May 11 
Do... 
July 14 
Aug. 9 
16 
19 
5 
12 
Nov. 11 
Dec. 29 



Sept. 



W. F. Martin 

do 

...do 

Martin and Hardy. 

H. R. Schulz 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 



Feet. 
4.0 
4.1 
4.6 
4.0 
4.1 
3.9 
6.2 
2.1 
4.0 
3.9 
4.5 



Sq.ft. 
2.43 
2.74 
2.65 
3.18 
3.34 
3.5.S 
4.41 
1.14 
2.85 
3.79 
5.1 



Feet. 

0.67 

.70 

.70 

.72 
.81 
.70 
.88 
.60 
.78 



Sec.-ft. 
0.69 

.75 

.79 
1.41 
2.50 
1.48 
3.58 

.52 
1.76 

.60 
1.29 



Note.— Measurements made by wading at various sections. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waiomao Stream above Pukele Stream, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1911. 

[David Andrews, observer.] 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.7 
.75 
.90 
.85 
.7 

.85 

.7 

.75 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.95 

.75 

.8 

.7 

.75 

.75 

.75 

.7 
1.0 

.8 
.7 
.7 

.75 
2.05 

.95 
1.0 

.95 
1.0 


0.9 

1.1 
.95 
.95 
.90 

.8 

.8 
.8 
.85 
.85 

.80 
.80 
.8 
.8 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.75 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 


0.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 

1.05 

.8 

.75 

.75 

.7 
.75 

.8 
.9 

.8 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.65 

.65 

.65 

.60 

.7 

.65 

.65 

.7 

.7 

.75 
.7 

.7 
.65 
.7 
.7 


0.7 
.65 
.65 
.65 

.7 

.65 
.65 
.65 

.8 
.75 

.7 

.9 

.85 

.8 

.85 

.7 
1.15 
1.05 

.9 

.85 

.85 
.9 

.8 
.8 
.85 

.9 

.85 

.7 

.85 

.85 

.85 


0.85 
.85 
.85 
.8 
.65 

.6 

.7 
.8 
.8 
.85 

1.05 
.95 
.9 
.85 
.85 

.8 

.85 

.9 

.85 

.85 

.85 
1.8 
1.75 
1.55 
1.45 

1.6 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 


0.9 

.9 
1.1 

.9 

.95 

.9' 

.85 
.95 
.80 
.85 

.8 
.9 

.85 
.9 

.85 

.85 

.85 

.8 

.8 

.85 

.85 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.85 

.8 

.9 

.95 

.85 

.8 

.85 


0.8 

.8 
.75 
.8 
.8 

.8 

.85 

.95 

.85 

.85 

.8 

.72 
.85 
.9 
.85 

.8 

-.1 
.85 
.8 

.8 

.85 

.9 

.85 

.9 

.85 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.15 


1 1 


2 




1 


3 




1 1 


4 




1 05 


5 




.95 


6 




.9 


7 




1.0 


g" 




95 


9' 




.95 


10 




95 


11 




1 2 


12 " ' 


0.7 

.8 

.7 
.7 

.9 

.8 

.7 
1.6 
1.0 

.9 

.9 
1.15 
1.05 

.9 

.85 

.8 

.75 

.7 

.7 


1 35 


13 


1.4 


14 


1.1 


15 


1.15 


16 


1.05 


17 


1.2 


18 


1.3 


19 


1.3 


20 


1.2 


21 


1.4 


22 


1.35 


23 


1.4 


24 


1.1 


25 


1.0 


26 


.9 


27 


1.0 


28 


.95 


29 


1.1 


30 




31 













ISLAND OF OAHU. 



151 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waiomao Stream aboce Pulcele Stream, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1911. 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.8 
1.2 
2.9 
2.2 

.8 

2.2 
.8 

1.2 
.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 

3.8 

1.2 

1.6 
.8 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

.8 

4.7 

1.6 

.8- 

.8 

1.2 
28 
5.0 
6.0 
5.0 
6.0 


4.0 
8.4 
5.0 
5.0 
4.0 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
3.2 
3.2 

2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
2.4 
2.4 
2.4 

1.8 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
7.2 

2.4 
1.8 
1.8 
1.2 
1.8 

2.4 
4.0 
2.4 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 

.8 

:l 

.5 

1.2 

.8 

.8 

1.2 

1.2 

1.8 
1.2 

1.2 

.8 

1.2 

1.2 


1.2 

.8 

.8 

.8 

1.2 

.8 

.8 

.8 

2.4 

1.8 

1.2 
4.0 
3.2 
2.4 
3.2 

1.2 
9.7 
7.2 
4.0 
3.2 

3.2 
4.0 
2.4 
2.4 
3.2 

4.0 
3.2 
1.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 


3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
2.4 

.8 

.5 
1.2 
2.4 
2.4 
3.2 

6.9 
4.5 
3.3 
2.5 
2.3 

1.5 
2.0 
2.2 
1.6 
1.4 

1.2 
23 
22 
16 
12 

17 
4.0 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 


1.3 
1.3 
4.0 
1.3 
1.9 

1.3 
1.0 
1.9 
.6 
1.0 

.6 
1.3 
1.0 
1.3 
1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

.6 

.6 

1.0 

1.0 
.6 
.6 
.6 

1.0 

.6 
1.3 
1.9 
1.0 

.6 
1.0 


0.6 
.6 
.4 
.6 
.6 

.6 
1.0 
1.9 
1.0 
1.0 

.6 

.2 

1.0 

1.3 

1.0 

.6 

.6 

1.0 

1.0 

.6 

.6 
1.0 
1.3 
1.0 
1.3 

1.0 

8.5 
6.1 
6.1 
5.0 


4.0 


2 




2 5 


3 




4.0 


4 


3.2 


5 




1.9 


6 




1.3 


7 




2.5 


8 




1.9 


9 




1.9 


10 




1.9 


11 




6.1 


12 


0.8 
1.6 

.8 
.8 

2.9 

1.6 

.8 

21 

4.7 

2.9 
2.9 

8.2 

. 5.8 

2.9 

2.2 
1.6 
1.2 

.8 
.8 


9.8 


13 


11 




4.0 


15 


5.0 


16 


3.2 




6.1 


18 


8.5 




8.5 


20 


6.1 


21 


11 


22 


9.8 


23 


11 




4.0 


25 


2.5 


26 


1.3 




2.5 


28 


1.9 




4.0 


30 

















Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 4 second-feet for 
theperiod May 27, to Sept. 10, and from parallel rating curves for the periods Apr. 12 to May 26, and Sept. 23 
to Dec. 31. From Sept. 11 to 22 the indirect method for shiftiag channels was used. No records were 
obtained on Dec. 30 and 31. 

Monthly discharge of Waiomxio stream above Puhele stream, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

Apr. 12 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


April 12-30 


21 

28 
8.4 
7.2 
9.7 

23 
4.0 
8.5 

11 


0.8 
.8 

1.2 
.8 
.8 
.5 
.6 
.2 

1.3 


3.38 
2.81 
2.43 
1.58. 
2.71 
5.11 
1.14 
1.60 
4.88 


127 

173 

145 
97.1 

167 

304 
70.1 
95.2 

281 


D. 


May 


D. 


June 


D. 


July 


C. 


August 


C. 




D. 


October 


D. 




D. 


December 1-29 


D. 






The period 








1,460 















MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN PALOLO BASIN. 



During 1910 and 1911 the following miscellaneous measurements 
were made in parts of Palolo basin. They are arranged in order 
downstream. 



152 WATER RESOURCES OF HA WAIL 

Miscellaneous measurements in Palolo Valley drainage basin in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Tributary to — 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Oct. 5 


Palolo 


Manoa...... 


Bridge od lower Palolo road 


Sec. ft. 

2.50 


1911. 
Mar. 30 


Waiomao 


Palolo 


Above foot of falls from Kaau Crater. . . 
Outlet from Kaau Crater 


.07 


30 


Kaau 


Waiomao 


.36 


30 


do 


do 


do 


.39 


30 


Waiomao 


Palolo 


100 feet below inflow from Kaau Crater. 
About 700 feet elevation. 


.41 


Aug. 9 


do 


do 


2.25 


16 


do 

do 


.... do 


... do 


2.14 


Sept. 5 


do 


About 800 feet elevation 


1.03 


12 


do 


do 


do 


2.00 


12 


do...., 


.... do 


About 950 feet elevation just below 
waterfall and springs on side. 

Just above waterfalls and springs on 
side. 

About 800 feet elevation near weir 

Bridge on Government road. 


1.50 


12 


do 


do 


1.26 


Nov. 11 


do 


do 


.72 


Mar. 30 


do 

Pukele 


.... do 


1.07 


Apr. 8 


do 


Near Mahoe Springs 


1.23 


Aug. 9 


Palolo 


Manoa 


Bridge on lower Palolo road 


3.04 


9 


Waiomao ditch » 

do 


Waiomao 


Intake above bridge on Government 

road. 
.... do 


1.60 


16 


dn 


1.11 


19 


do 1 do 


do 


1.57 


Sept. 5 


do 


do 


.....do 


.46 


Nov. 11 


do 


do 


do 


.12 













« This ditch diverts water above the station at the bridge. 
Note,— Palolo Stream is formed by Waiomao from the east and Pukele from the west. 

MANOA STBEAM BASIN. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

Manoa is a deep broad basin on the south side of Koolau Mountains. 
It is west of Palolo basin and east of Tantalus Mountain. Manoa 
Stream is made up of several branches which enter the head of the 
valley over waterfalls. There are also a number of springs at the 
foot of the cliffs at the head of the valley. 

The water in this basin is used for irrigating taro in the upper part 
of Manoa Valley. 

MANGA STREAM AT UPPER END OP VALLEY, NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 

A gaging station was established on Manoa Stream about ^half a 
mile below the junction of its three main branches, November 7, 
1910. Two ditches on the east side divert water above the station. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the right 
bank and is used for obtaining gage heights. In July, 1911, the 
station was reestablished at a point a few hundred feet above the old 
station. A wooden bridge was built for making high-water measure- 
ments. 

The discharge at this point gives the total flow of the stream exclu- 
sive of the two ditches on the east side, which take out above the 
station. 



ISLAND OP OAHU. 



153 



Discharge measurements of Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrograplier. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Oct 6 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
10.3 
10.1 
10.5 

9.8 
12.0 
15.0 
15.0 
12.6 
14.4 
14.6 
14.3 


Sq.ft. 
11.6 
11.7 
15.9 

9.4 
16.2 
19.7 
22.2 
13.6 
12.7 
14.8 
14.5 


Feet. 
1.27 
1.29 
1.64 

0.85 
6 2.90 
C3.09 
3.22 
2.73 
2.68 
2.83 
2.86 


Sec.-ft. 
8.0 


Nov. 7 


W. F. Martin. 


8.1 


17 


do 


15.8 


1911. 
Mar 31 


W. F. Martin 


3.91 


July 191 

Aug. 10 

25d 


W. V. Hardy 


4.99 


H. R. Schulz 


11.3 


do 


7.8 


Sept. 7 
Nov. 9 


. .do 


4.62 


....do 


2.56 


13 


do 


6.6 


Dec. 30 


.do 


4.44 









a New gage established July 19, 1911, by W. V. Hardy. This gage is about 500 feef above the old gage 
and at a different datum. 

b Height of water on old gage was 0.90 foot. 

c The accuracy of this gage reading is doubtful. Height of water on old gage was 1.10 feet (accuracy 
doubtful). 

d Conditions influenced by a temporary dam about ISO feet below gage. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

for 1910-11. 

psigawa, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 




1.35 

1.45 

1.3 

1.3 

1.65 

2.4 

1.5 

1.35 

1.3 

1.3 


11. 
12.. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 


1.4 

1.3 

1.45 

1.2 

1.6 

1.16 

1.4 

1.3 

1.55 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.15 
1.15 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


1.1 

1.1 

1.15 

1.1 

1.1 

1.95 

2.75 

1.5 

1.7 

1.45 


1.05 


2 








1.2 


3 








1.15 


4 








2.35 


5 








1.65 


6 








2.1 


7 . 


1.3 
1.3 
1.25 
1.75 






2.4 


8 






1.35 


9 






1.4 


10 






2.15 










1.65 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.35 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1 

1.3 

1.25 

1.15 

1.3 

1.15 

1.4 

1.4 

1.9 

1.4 

1.35 

1.25 

1.15 

1.5 

1.3 

1.2 

1.15 


1.4 

1.4 

1.7 

1.55 

1.6 

4.9 

1.6 

1.45 

1.4 

1.9 

1.45 

1.3 

1.2 

1.15 

1.3 

1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
.9 


1.1 
1.5 
1.25 
1.0 
.95 

.9 

.9 
1.15 
1.2 
1.3 

.95 

.9 

.9 

.9 

.9 

.95 
.9 

.85 

.9 

.85 


0.8 

.8 
.85 
.8 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.75 

.85 

.85 

.9 

.85 

.8 

1.0° 

.85 
1.1 
2.1 
1.4 


0.9 

1.25 

1.25 

.9 

.85 

1.1 

1.1 
.95 
.95 

1.0 

.9 

.9 
1.0 
1.05 
1.05 

1.0 
.9 
.9 

1.1 

1.35 


1.35 

1.8 

1.65 

1.4 

1.2 

1.2 

1.4 

1.25 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1 

1.15 

1.4 

1.6 

1.1 

1.25 

1.0 

.9 

.9 

.95 


1.1 

.9 

.9 

.85 
1.05 

1.2 
1.6 
1.0 
.9 
1.1 

1.6 
1.15 
1.1 
1.0 
.95 

1.1 

1.0 

.9 

.9 

.9 


0.8 
.85 
.85 

1.0 

1.0 

.85 

.85 

1.0 

1.35 

1.25 

2.95 

3.2 

3.2 

3.05 

2.95 

2.95 

3.5 

3.1 

3.85 

3.1 


2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.75 

2.70 

2.70 

2.70 

2.6 

2.6 

2.65 

3.2 

2.85 

2.7 

2.7 

2.7 

2.6 

3.15 

3.0 

2.75 

3.25 


3.05 

2.9 

2.95 

2.9 

2.8 

2.9 

2.8 

2.8 

2.75 

2.7 

2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

2.9 
3.3 

2.85 
2.8 
2.8 

2.9 
2.7 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 


2 


2.6 


3 


2.7 


4 


2.6 


5 


2.7 


6 


2.6 


7 


2.75 


8 


2.65 


9 


2.6 


10 


2.6 


11 


2.95 


12 


2.65 


13 


2.65 


14 


2.6 


15 


2.6 


16 


2.7 


17 


2.8 


18 


2.9 


19 


2.8 


20 


2.75 



154 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Manoa Stream at upper end of valley , near Honolulu, Oahu, 

for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Uay. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 


1.15 

1.15 

1.5 

2.45 

1.85 

1.55 

2.1 

2.4 

1.6 

1.5 

1.45 


0.9 
.85 
.75 

1.45 

1.1 

1.45 

1.4 

1.25 


0.8 
1.35 
1.2 
.95 
1.05 

1.3 
.9 
.9 

.85 
.85 
.85 


1.35 

1.1 

1.7 

1.4 

1.2 

1.1 
1.1 
1.35 
1.0 
.9 


2.1 
1.4 
1.1 
1.0 
.95 

.9 
2.3 
1.8 
1.45 
1.4 
1.4 


1.3 

.95 
.95 
.90 
1.2 

1.0 
1.25 
.9 
1.25 
1.1 


1.0 
.9 

1.05 
.9 
.9 

.85 

.85 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 


2.9 
2.9 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.9 

2.75 

2.7 

2.95 

2.95 

2.75 


3.95 
4.15 
3.95 
4.15 
3.25 

3.25 

3.15 

3.0 

2.9 

3.65 


2.6 

2.55 

2.4 

2.5 

2.55 

2.8 

2.6 

2.6 

2.75 

2.9 

2.9 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.75 
2.65 

2.7 

2.65 

2.6 

2.6 

2.6 

2.6 


3.3 


22 


3.15 


23... . 


2.8 


24 


2.8 


25 

26. . 


2.8 
2.8 


27 


2.85 


28 

29. ... 


2.9 
2.9 


30 


2.8 


31 


2.75 







Daily discharge, w second-feet, of Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




10 

12 
9.2 
9.2 

16 

41 

13 

10 
9.2 
9.2 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 


11 

9.2 
12 

7.5 
13 

6.7 
11 

9.2 
14 

7.5 


7.5 
7.5 
7.5 
6.7 
6.7 

5.9 
5.9 
5.9 
5.9 
5.9 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


5.9 
5.9 
6.7 
5.9 
5.9 

26 
55 
13 
18 
12 


5.2 


2... 








7.5 


3 






6.7 


4... 






39 


5 ' 






16 


6 






30 


7.. 




9.2 
9.2 
8.4 
20 






41 


8 






10 


9 .. 






11 


10 






32 










16 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


10 
7.5 
6.7 
5.9 
9.2 

8.4 
6.7 
9.2 
6.7 
11 

11 
24 
11 
10 
8.4 

6.7 
13 
9.2 
7.5 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 

13 

43 

22 

14 
30 
41 
15 
13 
12 


11 
11 
18 
14 
15 

173 
15 
12 
11 
24 

12 
9.2 
7.5 
6.7 
9.2 

5.9 
5.9 
4.5 
4.5 
3.3 

3.3 

2.8 
1.9 
12 
5.9 

12 
11 
8.4 


5.9 
13 
8.4 
4.5 
3.9 

3.3 
3.3 
6.7 
7.5 
9.2 

3.9 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 

3.9 
3.3 

2.8 
3.3 
2.8 

2.3 

10 
7.5 
3.9 
5.2 

9.2 
3.3 
3.3 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 


2.3 
2.3 
2.8 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
1.9 

2.8 
2.8 
3.3 
2.8 
2.3 

4.5 
2.8 
5.9 

30 

11 

10 

5.9 
18 
11 

7.5 

5.9 
5.9 
10 
4.5 
3.3 


3.3 

8.4 
8.4 
3.3 
2.8 

5.9 
5.9 
3.9 
3.9 
4.5 

3.3 
3.3 

4.5 
5.2 
5.2 

4.5 
3.3 

3.3 
5.9 
10 

30 

11 
5.9 
4.5 
3.9 

3.3 
37 

9.2 
12 
11 
11 


10 
21 
16 
11 
7.5 

7.5 
11 
8.4 
7.5 
6.7 

5.9 

6.7 
11 
15 

5.9 

8.4 
4.5 
3.3 
3.3 
3.9 

9.2 
3.9 
3.9 
3.3 
7.5 

4.5 
8.4 
3.3 
8.4 
5.9 


5.9 
3.3 
3.3 
2.8 
5.2 

7.5 
15 
4.5 
3.3 
5.9 

15 
6.7 
5.9 
4.5 
3.9 

5.9 
4.5 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 

4.5 
3.3 
5.2 
3.3 
3.3 

2.8 
2.8 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 


2.3 
2.8 
2.8 
4.5 
4.5 

2.8 
2.8 
4.5 
10 
8.4 

12 
19 
19 
14 
12 

12 
31 
16 
48 
16 

10 

10 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 

10 
7.4 
6.4 

12 

12 
7.4 


6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
7.4 
6.4 

6.4 
6.4 

4.8 
4.8 
5.6 

19 
9.2 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 

4.8 
18 
13 

7.4 
21 

52 
63 
52 
63 
21 

21 

18 
13 
10 
38 


14 
10 
12 
10 
8.3 

10 
8.3 
8.3 
7.4 
6.4 

6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 

6.4 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.2 
2.5 
3.5 
4.2 

8.3 
4.8 

4.8 
7.4 

10 

10 


4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
6.4 
8.3 
8.3 

10 

23 
9.2 
8.3 
8.3 

10 
6.4 
6.4 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
7.4 
5.6 

6.4 
5.6 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 


4.8 


2 


4.8 


3 


6.4 


4 


4.8 


6 


6.4 


6 


4.8 


7 


7.4 


8 


5.6 


9 


4.8 


10 


4.8 


11 


12 


12. . 


5.6 


13 


5.6 


14 


4.8 


15 


4.8 


16 


6.4 


17 


8.3 


18. 


10 


19 


8.3 


20 


7.4 


21 


23 


22 


18 


23 


8.3 


24 


8.3 


25 


8.3 


26 


8.3 


27 


9.2 


28 


10 


29 


10 


30 


8.3 


31 


7.4 







Note.— Daily discharge Oct. 6, 1910, to Aug. 10, 1911, computed from a rating curve for the old station, 
which is fairly well defined below 20 second-feet. After Aug. 10, 1911, daily discharge computed from a 
curve that is poorly defined. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



155 



Monthly discharge of Manoa Stream at upper end of valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


1910. 
November 7-30 


55 
41 


5.9 
5.2 


12.6 
13.5 


600 
830 


C. 


December . ; 


C. 






1911. 
January 


43 
173 
13 
30 
37 
21 
15 
48 
63 
14 
23 
23 


5.9 
1.9 
2.3 
1.9 
2.8 
3.3 
2.3 
2.3 
4.8 
2.5 
4.8 
4.8 


13.1 
15.4 
4.90 

5.78 
7.66 
7.76 
4.85 
11.1 
17.5 
6.99 
6.72 
7.96 


805 
855 
301 
344 
471 
462 
298 
682 
1,040 
430 
400 
489 


C. 


February 


C. 


March 


C. 


April 


C. 


May 


C. 


June 


C. 


July...: 


C. 


August 


D. 


September... ... . 


D. 


October 


D. 


November 


D. 


December 


D. 






The year 


173 


1.9 


9.08 


6,580 









Note. — These estimates do not include the amount of water diverted by two ditches farther up the valley. 



MANOA STREAM AT COLLEGE OF HAWAII, NEAE HONOLULU, OAHU. 

In 1909 the College of Hawaii built a 10-foot weir in Manoa Stream 
about half a mile above the crossing of Waialae Road and installed a 
Watson clock register for recording gage heights. 

This weir was destroyed by high water in November, and an 8-foot 
weir was established at the same place in December of the same year. 

In February, 1910, the weir was again destroyed by high water 
and was not rebuilt. 

Beginning with April 13, 1910, a current-meter rating of the old 
weir bed was made by the Geological Survey and fragmentary records 
obtained by means of the Watson clock register until November 
24, 1910. 

Daily discharge has been computed by the Geological Survey from 
the clock record sheets furnished by the College of Hawaii. 

This station was located on the college property just below the 
point at which it is proposed to build a dam for use in connection 
with the college hydraulic laboratory. There are numerous small 
diversions from the stream above for taro irrigation, but most of the 
water escapes back into the stream above the station. 

The records at this point show the total flow of the stream exclu- 
sive of a small ditch with a capacity of about 2 second-feet, which 
heads a few hundred feet above the station. 



156 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Discharge measurements of Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

in 1910. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 13 
18 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 

6.8 

7.2 

17.U 


Sq.ft. 
3.63 
4.41 
29.4 


Feet. 
0.16 
0.24 
1.19 


Sec.-ft. 
3.06 


do 


4.04 


June 18 


Martin and Sehnaek 


33.1 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1909-10. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909 
1 








26 
30 


8.3 
7.9 

12 

20 

11 

6.3 
9.0 
8.4 

11 

22 

12 

10 
8.9 
9.2 
4.4 

4.2 

18 
a 16 

15 
6 22 

9.7 
6.8 
6.8 
4.7 
3.0 

2.4 
4.0 
5.3 
7.7 
4.5 
3.2 

8.7 
9.2 
7.4 
5.9 
11 

34 
42 
19 
18 
14 

9.4 
4.9 
2.6 
2.6 
4.5 

9.4 
2.6 

20 

30 
8.9 


2.4 
1.2 
.5 
3.3 
6.9 

12 
3.0 
2.5 
2.4 
2.1 

2.1 
2.6 
2.0 
3.6 
3.1 

4.8 
4.5 
4.5 
6.8 
6.2 

27 
15 
12 
8.3 
22 

15 

11 
7.3 
6.7 

16 

34 
47 
26 
16 
13 

12 
15 
29 
26 
12 

9.2 
8.3 

17 

21 

22 

16 
17 
25 
16 
11 


6.9 
4.6 
4.5 
4.1 
5.6 

10 
10 

45 
34 
17 

13 

52 
35 
21 
27 
20 

22 
16 
9.4 
15 
31 

42 
16 
11 
11 
12 
8.2 


8.2 
37 

8.8 
15 

9.4 

6.6 
6.9 
5.7 
4.6 
4.4 

3.9 
2.5 
3.9 
6.4 
5.7 

4.9 
4.3 
4.0 
2.5 
3.6 

5.8 
3.8 
3.9 
2.6 
2.4 

1.6 
1.6 
1.7 
1.3 
1.4 
3.4 

2.2 
2.6 


1.8 
2.7 
1.8 
1.2 
1.3 

1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.3 
1.5 

1.2 
.6 
1.1 
1.2 
1.8 

1.8 
1.5 
1.4 
1.6 
2.4 

1.4 
3.0 
12 
6.7 
2.9 

3.4 

4.8 
5.4 
4.9 
3.0 

4.8 
4.1 
12 
6.1 
4.1 

6.4 
7.2 
3.4 

11 

53 

15 

11 
9.2 
7.9 
4.9 

3.8 
3.1 

27 

40 

39 


2.5 
6.8 
7.5 
2.6 
4.4 

4.5 
2.4 
2.2 
2.0 
1.7 

.8 

19 

10 
4.8 
3.1 

2.9 
1.9 
2.0 
2.6 
3.4 

9.0 
3.7 
7.5 
2.5 
6.0 

6.5 
4.4 

14 

16 
2.4 

14 

27 
17 
14 
11 
12 

14 
13 
16 
16 
14 

10 
6.6 
11 

8.5 
5.4 


7.5 
7.0 




2 










3 










4 














5 














6 














7 










1.9 
1.7 
1.7 
5.9 

2.8 
1.6 
6.4 
2.2 
1.5 

1.5 




8 












9 












10 












11 












12 












13 












14 












15 












16 












17 












18 














19 














20 














21 














22 










1 


23 






9.1 
7.6 
11. 

17. 
27. 
19. 
26. 
30. 
27. 








24 










25 










26 










27 






2.4 
2.5 

30 

14 

10 

12 


11 


28 






10 


29 






29 


30 






11 


31 






5.3 


1910. 
1 


4.0 
2.9 
2.6 


3.1 

2.9 
1.9 
2.0 
2.0 

7.2 
1.6 

.00 

.00 

2.8 

44 




2 








3 








4 






13 
10 

9.4 
7.0 
5.6 
4.1 
3.0 

3.0 

'"'3.'2' 
3.2 
3.2 


""5."6" 
17 
10 

14 
7.6 
8.7 

15 
7.4 

3.4 

2.5 
1.8 
1.8 
16 




5 










6 










7 










8 












9 












10 


5.5 

6.0 

2.4 

2.2 

.30 

.21 

11 
13 

7.8 
4.4 
2.9 










11 










12 






5.9 
4.9 
3.9 
3.3 

3.1 
7.6 
6.6 
4.2 
3.5 




13 






2.5 
1.8 
2.0 

2.0 
38 
6.7 
5.4 
7.0 




14 








15 








16 








17 








18 








19 








20 









o Interpolated. 



» Watson clock register installed. 



ISLAND OP OAHU. 



157 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu, 
Oahu,for 1909-10— Continned. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


21.. 


1910. 


1.7 

2.8 

3.3 

2.9 

.6 

.03 
31 

47 
11 
13 
6.0 






53 


5.1 
3.4 
2.1 
1.8 
2.2 

2.1 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

48 
58 




3.2 

2.8 


50 

16 
9.4 
8.3 

48 

16 
18 
12 

7.9 
6.6 
5.9 


19 
12 
11 
15 
25 

34 
23 
19 

17 
21 


""2."2' 
2.5 
2.6 
2.2 

2.2 


3.2 
3.9 
4.5 
3.5 




22 








23... 










24 














25 






58 

40 
29 
20 
13 
11 




1.9 

3.5 
3.9 

22 
4.2 
2.5 
2.0 




26 










27 










28 












29 












30 






3.9 
2.8 






31 























Note.— From March to November, 1909, daily discharge obtained by means of a 10-foot weir, and from 
December, 1909, to February, 1910, by means of an 8-foot weir. Daily discharge from Apr. 13 to Nov. 24, 
1910, computed from a cirrrent-meter rating curve that is fairly well defined below 35 second-feet. At 
high stages the range of the clock sheet was not sufficient to give a complete record, and for those periods 
the actual discharge was probably somewhat greater than the figures given. No records were obtamed on 
the days for which discharge is not given. 

Monthly discharge of Manoa Stream at College of Hawaii, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

1909-10. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Rim -off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1909. 



June 

July 1-11 and 16-31 

August 

September 

October 

November 1-2 and 7-16 . 
December 27-31 



1910. 

January 1-3 and 10-31 

February 1-11 

April 13-21 and 25-30 

May 

June 1-20 

July 4-11, 18-22 and 25-31 

. August 1-2 and 8-31 

September 

October 1-15, 22-26 and 30-31... 
November 1-6 and 12-24 



22 
27 
52 
37 
12 
24 
7.5 
29 



2.4 

.5 

4.1 

1.3 



1.5 
S.3 



.03 
.00 

1.8 

1.8 

8.3 

2.0 

1.8 

3.1 

2.2 



9.47 
7.23 

18.6 
5.74 
2.57 
6.28 
3.48 

13.3 



7.38 

6.14 
19.3 
12.7 
19.6 

5.54 
12.1 
15.6 

9.7 



582 
430 
996 
353 
153 
386 
82. 
132 



134 
574 
781 
778 
220 
624 
928 
423 



MANOA STREAM AT WAIALAE ROAD, NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 

A gaging station was established on the lower stream at the bridge 
en Waialae road, November 6, 1910. 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of feet, was fastened to the rock 
wall on the right side of the stream just below the bridge. This 
station was destroyed by flood in February, 1911. 

The discharge at this point does not give the total flow of the 
stream as several ditches take out water above. 



158 WATEK EESOUKCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements of Manoa Stream, at Waialae road, near Honolulu, Oahu, in 1910. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
18.7 
10.2 


Sq.ft. 
19.5 
6.6 


Feel. 
1.47 
1.30 


Sec.-fl. 
16 6 


Nov. 5 


W. F. Martin 


9 2 









Note.— Measurements made by wading at different sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Manoa Stream at Waialae road, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

1910-11. 

[John Hobbs, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




1.2 
1.7 
1.1 
1.1 
2.2 

2.8 

1.65 

1.1 

1.3 

1.25 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 


2.0 
1.3 
1.1 
1.6 
1.7 

1.9 

1.15 

1.25 

1.25 

1.1 


1.15 

1.1 

1.15 

1.3 

1.2 

1.2 

1.15 
1.25 
1.2 
1.1 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


1.1 

1.15 

1.2 

1.6 

1.8 

1.2 
5.25 
4.25 
3.25 
1.7 


1.1 


2 








2.2 


3 








2.3 


4 








2.4 


5 


1.2 

1.1 

1.35 

1.2 

1.25 

1.35 






1.3 


6 






1.25 


7 






2.3 


8 






2.2 


9 






1.1 


10 






1.45 










2.05 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 


1911. 




1.55 
1.35 
1.8 
2.15 
2.05 

7.0 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1911. 


1.55 

1.80 

2.2 

1.65 

1.5 

1.6 

3.5 

1.85 

1.C5 

1.5 




21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1911. 


1.3 

1.55 

1.35 

2.8 
2.3 

1.70 

2.3 

3.05 

1.8 

1.5 

1.7 




2 










3 










4 








5 










6 










7 










8 












9 


1.35 
1.30 










10 

























Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Manoa Stream at Waialae road, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov.* 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




6.0 

31 
3.0 
3.0 

84 

167 
28 
3.0 
9.0 
7.5 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 


60 
9.0 
3.0 

24 

31 

49 
4.5 
7.5 
7.5 
3.0 


4.5 
3.0 
4.5 
9.0 
6.0 

6.0 
4.5 
7.5 
6.0 
3.0 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
.SI. 


1910. 


3.0 
4.5 
6.0 

24 

39 

6.0 
630 
430 
243 
31 


3.0 


2 








84 


3 








96 


4 








109 


5 . . 


6.0 

3.0 

11 
6.0 
7.5 

11 






9 


6 






7.5 


7 






96 


8 






84 


9 






3.0 


10 






16 










60 











ISLAND OF OAHU. 



159 



Daily discharge, in second feet, of Manoa Stream at Waialae road, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

for 1910-11— Continued. 



Day. 



10. 



Jan. 



11 
9.0 



Feb. 



21 
11 

39 

78 
66 

980 





Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


11. 


1911. 


21 
39 

84 
28 
18 

24 

288 
44 
28 
18 




12 


13 


14 . . 


15 


16 . . . 


17 


18 

19 


20. 









Day. 


Jan. 


21. 


1911. 


9 
21 
11 
167 
96 

31 
96 
208 
39 
18 
31 


22 


23 


24 


25 


26 


27 ... 


28 


29 


30 


31 







Feb. 



Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is only approximate. 
Monthly discharge of Manoa Stream at Waialae road, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-oflE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910 

November 5-30 

December 

1911, 

January 9-31 

February 1-6 



630 
167 



3.0 
3.0 



9.0 
11 



63.8 
31.3 



58.2 
199 



3,290 
1,920 



2,260 
2,370 



Note. — Estimates are only approximate. 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUHEMENTS IN MANOA BASIN. 

A number of small ditches take the water from Manoa Stream 
at various points for irrigating taro. A part of the water usually 
returns to the stream farther down and is taken out again by the 
lower ditches. During 1910 and 1911 measurements were made on 
nearly all these ditches. These measurements are arranged in order 
downstream. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Manoa Valley drainage basin in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or diver- 
sion from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Apr. 5 
Sept. 15 

Oct. 6 


Mtinoa Stream 


Pacific Ocean 

Manoa Stream 

East Branch 

do 




Sec.-ft. 
4.77 


East BraLQch 


About half a mile above the heJuse of 

James Boyd. 
About 1,000 feet below intake 


1.04 


Boyd ditch 


2.94 


Nov. 7 


do 


do 


1.44 


Oct. 6 


Manoa ditch 


Manoa Stream 


do 


2.06 


Nov. 7 


do 


do 


.do 


1.44 


Apr. 13 

1911. 
Aug. 10 
10 


No. 11 ditch 


do 


West side, opposite College of Hawaii 
weir. 

Above Boyd ditch intake 


2.19 


East Branch 


do 


3.57 


Middle Branch 


do 


Bridge in upper Manoa Valley 

1,000 feet above road in upper Manoa 

Valley. 
About 1,000 feet below intake 


7.5 


10 


West Branch 


do 


.70 


Mar. 31 


Boyd ditch 


East branch 


2.60 


July 19 
Aug. 10 


do 


do 


do 


1.74 


do 


do 


do 


1.73 



160 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Manoa Valley drainage basin in 1910-11 — Continued, 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or diver- 
sion from — 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 25 
Sept. 7 
Nov. 13 


Boyd ditch 


East branch 

do 


About 1,000 feet below intake 


Sec.-ft. 
1 70 


do 


do 


1 58 


do 


do 


do 


4 46 


Mar. 31 






do 


1 21 


July 19 

Aug. 10 

25 


do 


do 


do 


1 58 


do 


do 


do 


1 21 


do 


do 


do 


1 08 


Sept. 7 
Nov. 13 


do 


do 


do 


1.04 


do 


do 


do 


2 25 


Aug. 10 
25 


No. 1 ditch 


do 


Intake on west side of stream opposite 

Rowell's place. 
do 


5 9 


... do 


do 


2 71 


11 


No. 2 ditch 


do 


Intake on east side 200 feet below No. 1 . 
do 


a 5 


28 


....do 


do 


00 


11 


No. 3 ditch 


do 


Intake on east side about 1,500 feet be- 
low No. 1. 
do 


2 69 


28 


do 


do 


1 64 


11 


No. 4 ditch 


do 


Intake on west side 1,800 feet below 

No. 1. 
do 


2.60 


28 


do 


do 


2 43 


11 


No. 5 ditch 


do 


Intake on east side near the concrete 

dam and wooden flume. 
do 


2 35 


28 


do 


do 


1.37 


11 


No. 6 ditch 


do 


Below intake on west side about 800 

feet below No. 5. 
. ...do 


4 28 


28 


. do 


do 


2 68 


11 


No. 7 ditch 


do 


Below intake on west side 1,500 feet 

below No. 5. 
do 


ol 00 


28 


.do 


do 


1 17 


11 


No. 8 ditch 


do 


Below intake on west side 1,900 feet 

below No. 5. 
do 


75 


28 


do 


do 


00 


11 


No. 9 ditch 


do 


Below intake on west side 3,000 feet 

below No. 5. 
do 


1.25 


28 


do 


do 


.72 


11 


No. 10 ditch 


do 


Intake on east side near College of 

Hawaii grounds. 
do 


5.9 


28 


do 


do 


5.5 


11 


No.ll ditch 


do 


Intake on west side on College of 

Hawaii grounds. 
do 


a. 5 


28 


do 


do 




11 


No. 12 ditch 


do 


Intake east side above Waialae car 

line. 
do 




28 


do 


do 


.82 


11 


No. 13 ditch 


.do 


Intake on east side below Waialae car 
line. 


0.5 











a Estimated. 

Note.— Boyd and Manoa ditches take out on the east side above the regular station. 
The ditches below the station are numbered in order downstream. 

PAUOA STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Pauoa is a small basin on the south side of Koolau Mountains just 
back of Honolulu, east of Pacific Heights. This basin has several 
springs which furnish the ordinary flow of the stream. The principal 
spring is called Kahuawai. It is 600 or 700 feet above sea level and 
flows 0.5 to 0.6 second-foot. The water in this basin is used for irri- 
gating taro. 

PAUOA STREAM NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 

A gaging station was established on Pauoa stream about half a mile 
below Kahuawai Spring, April 5,1911. This station is at a point just 
below where a part of the diversions from the stream and springs 
above has returned. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



161 



A staff gage, graduated into tenths of feet, is fastened to a big 
stone on the left bank and is used to obtain gage heights. In October, 
1911, a 4-foot weir was installed for measuring the flow and a Watson 
clock register was established for measuring the height on the weir. 

One small ditch diverts water for irrigation above this station, and 
residences on Pacific Heights are supplied from the upper springs by 
a pipe line. 

Discharge measurements of Pauoa Stream below Kdhuawai Springs, near Honolulu, 

Odhu, in 1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



Apr. 5 
13 
May 11 
11 
June 7 
Aug. 13 
Sept. 6 
Oct. 17o 
Nov. 10 



W. F. Martin. 

do 

do 

do 

do 

H. R. Schulz. 

do 

W. F. Martin. 
H. R. Schulz. 



Feet. 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 
5.3 
5.4 
5.4 
5.3 



Sq.ft. 
3.8 
3.8 
2.8 
2.9 
5.7 
4.6 
4.3 



3.5 



3.4 



Feet. 

0.70 

.65 

.63 

.65 

.90 

.75 

.63 

6.37 

<:.22 



Sec.-ft. 
1.36 
1.16 
1.02 
1.09 
3.08 
1.75 
0.99 
3.00 
1.94 



o 4-foot weir installed. 

6 Head on 4-foot weir. Height of water on stafl gage was 0.90. 

c Head on 4-foot weir. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Pauoa Stream below Kakuawai Springs, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1911. 

[MiyawaM, observer.) 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


1 




0.66 
.66 
.70 
.65 
.64 

.71 
.68 
.68 
.70 
.66 

.66 
.64 
.64 
.66 
.65 

.64 
.64 
.63 
.62 
1.12 

1.25 

1.52 

.71 

.64 

.64 

.65 
1.16 
.94 
.84 
.72 
.78 


0.83 
.98 

1.02 
.88 
.80 

.74 
.86 
.82 
.75 
.74 

.72 
.72 
.90 
1.02 
.83 

.86 
.82 
.81 
.78 
.78 

.92 
.86 

.84 
.84 
.88 

.91 
.90 
.84 
.94 
.97 


0.92 
.86 
.87 

.88 
.88 

.96 
.94 
.89 
.85 
.84 

.85 
.84 
.82 
.80 
.80 

.78 
.78 
.78 
.78 
.78 

.78 
.79 
.80 
.80 
.78 

.78 
.76 
.74 
.73 
.72 
.70 


0.70 
.70 

.72 
.72 
.77 

.78 
.70 
.72 
.73 
.75 

.74 
.87 
.95 
.75 
.72 

.70 

.86 

.81 

1.08 

1.05 

.78 
.71 
.70 
.68 
.67 

.78 
.72 
.66 
.68 
.68 
.68 


0.66 
.64 
.63 
.62 
.62 

.62 
.63 
.66 
.72 
.66 

.80 
.73 
.66 
.64 
.64 

.64 
.82 
.89 
.85 
1.05 

1.25 
2.68 
2.10 
4.40 
.98 

.98 
.95 
.89 
.86 
.90 


0,84 


2 




.84 


3 




.90 


4 




.80 


5 




.74 


6 




.76 


7 




.78 


8 




.75 


.9 




.84 


10 




90 


11 




.88 


12 




91 


13 : 




.91 


14 


0.64 
.64 

.64 
.67 
.63 
.96 

.78 

.90 
.76 
1.10 
.95 
.80 

.70 

.65 
.64 
.64 
.66 


.90 


15 


.90 


16 


.90 


17 




18 




19 




20 




21 




22 




23... 




24 




25 




26 




27 




28 




29 




30 




31 








1 



74323°— wsp 318—13- 



-11 



162 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Pauoa Stream below Kahuawai Springs, near Hono- 
lulu, Oahu,for 1911. 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.2 
1.1 

1.5 
1.3 
1.3 
1.4 
1.2 

1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.2 
1.2 

1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
5.4 

6.9 
10 
1.5 
1.1 
1.1 

1.2 
5.9 
3.4 
2.5 
1.5 
2.0 


2.4 
3.9 
4.3 
2.8 
• 2.1 

1.7 
2.6 
2.3 
1.8 
1.7 

1.5 
1.5 
3.0 
4.3 
2.4 

2.6 
2.3 
2.2 
2.0 
2.0 

3.2 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

2.8 

3.1 
3.0 
2.5 
3.4 
3.8 


3.2 
2.6 
2.7 
2.8 
2.8 

3.7 
3.4 
2.9 
2.6 
2.5 

2.6 
2.5 
2.3 
2.1 
2.1 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 
2.0 

2.0 
1.8 
1.7 
1.6 
1.5 
1.4 


1.4 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.9 

2.0 
1.4 
1.5 
1.6 
1.8 

1.7 

2.7 
3.6 
1.8 
1.5 

1.4 
2.6 
2.2 
5.0 
4.6 

2.0 
1.5 
1.4 
1.3 
1.2 

2.0 
1.5 
1.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


1.2 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.2 
1.5 
1.2 

2.1 
1.6 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 

2.3 
2.9 
2.6 
4.6 

6.9 
24 
17 
45 

3.9 

3.9 
3.6 
2.9 
2.6 
3.0 


2.5 
2.5 
3.0 
2.1 
1.7 

1.8 
2.0 
1.8 
2.5 
3.0 

2.8 
3.1 
3.1 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.8 
2.8 

2.0 
2.7 
2.6 
2.7 
2.7 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.2 
2.0 
2.0 


2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.8 

1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
3.2 

2.0 
1.4 
2.3 
2.9 
5.5 

2.0 
2.2 
2.4 
1.8 
2.0 

2.0 
1.9 
2.8 
2.0 
1.9 

1.6 
1.7 
1.7 
1.6 
1.5 


1 8 


2 




1.4 


3 




1.3 


4 




1.3 


5 




1.3 


6 




1.4 


7 




3.4 


8 




4.7 


9 




3.8 


10 




3.2 


11 




6 4 


12 




5.6 






2.8 


14 


1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1. 2 
1^2 
3.7 
2.0 

3.0 
1.8 
5.2 
3.6 
2.1 

1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.2 


8.2 




5.6 




2.7 


17 


2.3 




3 3 


19 


2.4 




2.0 


21 


3.9 


22 


2.2 




2.2 


24 


2.3 




2.6 




3.2 


27 


2.2 




2.3 


29 


3.8 




6.4 


31 


2.8 









Note.— Daily discharge Apr. 14 to Oct. 16 computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 3.5 
second-feet. From Oct. 17 to Dec. 31 daily discharge computed from head on 4-foot weir as recorded by 
Watson clock register. 

Monthly discharge of Pauoa Stream below Kahuawai Springs, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

Apr. 14 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



April 14-30. 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November. . 
December . . 



5.2 

10 
4.3 
3.7 
5.0 

45 
3.1 
5.5 
S.2 



The period . 



1.1 
1.0 
1.5 
1.4 
1.2 
1.0 
1.7 
1.4 
1.3 



1.93 
2.11 
2.63 
2.29 
1.91 
4.82 
2.55 
2.09 
3.19 



65.1 
130 
156 
141 
117 
287 
157 
124 
196 



1,370 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN PAUOA BASIN. 



The following miscellaneous measurements on the streams, springs, 
and ditches in Pauoa basin were made during 1910-11. They are 
arranged in order downstream. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 163 

Miscellaneous measurements in Pauoa Valley drainage basin in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Apr. 13 

1911. 
Apr. 6 

6 


Kaaikahi Spring 


Pauoa Stream 

Nuuanu Stream 

Pauoa Stream 

Nuuanu Stream 

Pauoa Stream 

Nuuanu Stream 

...do 


Below inflow from springs about 300 
feet below road. 

50 feet below concrete intake for Pacific 

Heights. 
East side below intake to Pacific 

Heights. 
Opposite Kahuawai Spring 


Sec.-ft. 
0.58 

.47 


Ditch 


.33 


6 


Pauoa Stream . . . 


.81 


6 


Ditch 


East of Kahuawai Spring intake below 

Pacific Heights intake. 

400 feet below Kahuawai Spring 

50 feet above road crossing and intake 

of ditch. 
Just below inflow from Kaaikahi 

Spring. 
. .do 


.33 


6 




1.34 


6 


do ... ._ . . 


1.63 


6 


...do 


do 


.54 


Aug. 13 
Apr. 13 
Aug. 13 
Sept. 6 


do 


. .do 


.27 


Pauoa ditch 


Pauoa Stream 

do 


Intake on west side at road crossing. .. 

rln _ _ _ _ _ 


1.58 


do 


2.0/ 


do 


do 1 - -do ._ 


.83 











NTJTJANU STREAM BASIN. 



GENEEAL FEATURES. 



Nuuanu Stream drains one of the principal basins on the southern 
slope of the Koolau Range. The basin lies back of Honolulu and 
extends to the summit of the range, which it has cut through, forming 
a pass. This valley is 1 to 2 miles wide and about 6 miles long. The 
famous Pali Road, from Honolulu over to the Koolau side of the 
island, extends up this valley. The rainfall is very heavy in this 
basin, averaging about 140 inches at Lower Luakaha. Nuuanu 
Stream rises at the head of the valley and receives several tributaries 
from both sides. The water of this stream is impounded in four 
reservoirs at different elevations and used for city supply. Below 
the reservoirs there are several small ditches which supply water for 
irrigating taro land. 

NUUANU STREAM AT KUAKINI STREET, HONOLULU, OAHU. 

A gaging station was established on this stream at Kuakini Street 
in Honolulu November 16, 1911. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the west 
abutment of the bridge and is used to obtain gage heights. 

Low-water measurements are made by wading; high- water meas- 
urements are made from the lower side of the bridge. The discharge 
at this station shows the quantity of water passing down ta sea below 
all diversions. 



164 WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAH. 

Discharge measurements of Nuuanu Stream at Kuahini Street, Honolulu, Oahu, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 16 


H. B. Schulz 


Feel. 
12.0 
11.9 
11.5 
29.0 
19.0 


Sq.ft. 
9.0 
9 6 
• 8.0 
24.4 
21.6 


Feet. 

0.54 

.56 

.44 

.82 
.89 


Sec.-ft. 
4.54 


18 


do 


5.1 


Dec. 6 


do 


3.40 


8 


... .do 


15.7 


16 


do 


17.3 









Note. — Measurements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Nuuanu Stream at Kuahini Street, Honolulu, Oahu, for 1911. 

[Oshimo, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.45 

.42 
.44 
.48 
.42 

.46 
.59 
.79 
.76 
.69 


11 




0.79 

.80 
.78 
.61 
.66 

.88 
.71 
.61 
.62 
.60 


21 


0.58 
.50 
.58 
.52 
.51 

.44 
.51 
.61 

.58 
.51 


0.90 


2 




12 




22 


.78 


3 




13 




23 


.62 


4 




14 




24 


.55 


5 




15 


0.95 

.55 
.52 
.58 
.65 
.51 


25 :.:.: 


.64 


6 




16 


26 


.49 


7 




17 


27 


.52 


8 




18 


28 


.92 


9 




19 


29 


.62 


10 




20 


30 


.56 








31 


.55 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Nuuanu Stream at Kuakini Street, Honolulu, Oahu, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




3.1 
2.9 
3.0 
3.5 
2.9 

3.3 
6.2 

14 

13 
9.8 


11 




14 
14 
13 

6.8 
8.6 

18 

10 
6.8 
7.2 
6.5 


21 


5.9 
3.9 
5.9 
4.3 
4.1 

3.0 
4.1 
6.8 
5.9 
4.1 


19 


2 




12 




22 


13 


3 




13 




23 


7.2 


4 




14 




24 


5.0 


6 




15 


21 

5.0 
4.3 
5.9 
8.2 
4.1 


25 


4.8 


6 




16 


26 


3.7 


7 




17 


27 


4.3 


8 




18 


28 


20 


9 




19 


29 


7.2 


10 




20 


30 


6.3 








31 


6.0 











Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly well defined between 3 and 18 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Nuuanu Stream at Kuakini Street, Honolulu, Oahu, for Nov, 

15 to Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Eun-ofE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 15-30 


21 
20 


3.0 
2.9 


6.03 
8.42 


191 
518 


B. 


December 


B. 







LULUMAHO DITCH IN NUUANU VALLEY, NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 

Lulumaho ditch diverts water from Lulumaho Stream into the 
upper city reservoir known as No. 4. This stream is tributary to 
Nuuanu Stream below the reservoir but the normal flow is collected 
in the reservoir through the ditch. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



165 



A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, was placed on this ditch 
a short distance above the reservoir September 2, 1911. 

The discharge at this station shows the amount of water furnished 
to the reservoir from Lulumaho Stream. 

Discharge measurements of Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Odhu, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 2 
Nov. 14 


H. R. Schulz 


Feet. 
4.0 
5.0 
4.0 


Sq./eet 
1.44 
3.37 
1.47 


Feet. 

0.47 

.79 

.42 


Sec.-ft. 
1.02 


do 


4.77 


20 


do 


0.53 









Note. — An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

for 1911. 

[L. A. Moore, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Date. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.58 
.55 
.60 
.55 
.55 

.52 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 


0.45 
.45 
.44 
.44 
.45 

.43 
.42 
.41 
.40 
.65 

.41 
.40 
.60 
.55 
.52 


0.40 
.40 
.40 
.41 
.45 

.47 
.50 
.44 
.55 
.45 

.71 
.70 
.50 
.50 
.46 


16 


0.42 
.65 
.55 
.50 
.53 

1.50 

1.55 

.80 

.80 

.79 

.65 
.57 
.55 
.55 
.60 


0.49 
.49 
.48 
.48 
.48 

.48 
.48 
.48 
.50 

.48 

.48 
.47 
.47 
.46 
.45 
.45 


0.50 
.50 
.45 
.42 
.42 

.45 
.42 
.40 
.70 

.45 

.42 
.60 
.50 
.45 
.42 


0.55 


2 


0.46 
.45 
.60 
.50 

.45 
.43 

.45 
.45 
.49 

.60 
.45 
.45 
.43 
.43 


17 . 


.48 


3 


18 


.44 


4 


19 


.40 


5 


20 . . 


.57 


6 


21 . . 


.72 


7 


22 


.70 


8 


23 


.48 


9 


24 . . 


.42 


10 


25 


.40 


11 


26 


.40 


12 


27 


.50 


13 


28 


.60 


14 


29 


.48 


15 


30... . 


.47 




31 


.46 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lulumaho ditch in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec 


1 




2.0 
1.7 
2.3 
1.7 
1.7 

1.4 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


0.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.6 
.5 
.4 
.4 
2.9 

.4 

.4 
2.3 
1.7 
1.4 


0.4 
.4 
.4 

.4 

.7 

.9 
1.2 

.7 
1.7 

.7 

3.7 
3.6 
1.2 
1.2 

.8 


16 


0.5 
2.9 
1.7 
1.2 
1.5 

16 

17 
4.9 
4.9 
4.7 

2.9 
1.9 
1.7 
1.7 
2.3 


1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.2 
1.0 

1.0 
.9 
.9 

.8 

.7 
.7 


1.2 
1.2 

.7 
.5 
.5 

.7 

.5 

.4 

3.6 

.7 

.5 

2.3 

1.2 

.7 

.5 


1.7 


2 


0.8 

.7 

2.3 

1.2 

.7 
.6 
.7 
.7 
1.1 

2.3 

.7 
.7 
.6 
.6 


17 


1.0 


3 


18 .. 


.7 


4 


19 


.4 


5 


20 


1 9 


6 


21 .. 


3.8 


7 


22 


3 6 


8 


23 .. 


1.0 


9.. 


24 


5 


10 


25 . 


A 


11 


26 


.4 


12 


27 


1 2 


13 


28 .. 


2 3 


14 


29 


1.0 


15 


30 


.9 




31 


.8 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a poorly defined rating curve. 



166 



WATEE RESOtrRCES OP HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Lulumaho ditch in JVuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

Sept. 2 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Aceu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


raoy. 


September 2-30 


17 
2.3 
3.6 
3.8 


0.5 

.7 
.4 
.4 


2.74 
1.19 
0.99 
1.28 


158 
73.2 
58.9 

78.7 


C. 


October 


C. 




C. 


December 


c. 







LUAKAHA WEIR IN NUUANU VALLEY, NEAR HONOLULU, OAHU. 

Below the big reservoir in the upper part of Nuuanu Valley there 
are springs which are intercepted by Luakaha ditch several hundred 
feet lower down. The water in this ditch is measured by a small 
weir before it enters the pipes leading to the lower reservoirs. The 
records at this weir have been furnished by the Department of Public 
Works. 

Discharge measurements of Luakaha weir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, 

in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Sept. 23 
23 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
4.3 
4.3 

5.9 

4.7 


Sq.ft. 
2.86 
2.86 

3.61 
4.45 


Inches. 
8 
8 

""i'i' 


Sec.-ft. 
7.45 


C. H. Pierce 


7.57 


1911. 
Aug. 7 
23 


H. R. Schulz 


5.57 


.do 


6.09 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Luakaha weir in JVuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, 

Oahu, for 1910-11. 

[L. A, Moore, observer.] 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


7.3 
4.8 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 

7.3 
7.3 
1.7 
1.7 
3.1 

2.6 
3.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
1.7 


2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.6 
3.1 

3.6 
2.1 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

7.3 
6.6 
4.8 
3.1 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.1 


2.6 
3.6 
2.6 
4.8 
2.6 

3.1 
3.1 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

4.2 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
10 
3.6 


3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
2.6 
2.6 

3.1 
3.1 
3.6 
3.1 
3.1 

2.6 
2.6 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 

3.6 
2.6 
2.6 
4.2 


3.1 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
3.1 

21 

10 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 

21 

10 
3.6 


10 
7.3 

10 
7.3 
6.0 

5.4 
5.4 
10 
7.3 
6.0 

6.0 
5.4 
7.3 
10 
7.3 

6.0 
5.4 
■10 
7.3 
6.0 


7.3 
6.0 
10 
7.3 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
5.4 

5.4 
5.1 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
6.0 


4.2 
4.2 
4.8 
21 
6.0 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 

7.3 
7.3 
4.8 
6.0 
4.8 

4.8 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
5.4 


2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 

2.1 
21 

2.1 
21 


8.0 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 

7.3 

7.3 
8.0 
7.3 
7.3 

7.3 
10 
7.3 
7.3 
6.6 

7.3 
6.6 
6.0 
5.4 
5.4 


5.4 
4.8 
5.4 
10 
6.6 

6.0 
7.3 
7.3 
6.0 
10 

6.6 
6.6 
6.0 
6.0 
6.6 

6.6 
7.3 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 


7.3 


2 


7.3 


3 


6.6 


4 


7.3 


5 


7.3 


6 


7.3 


7 


6.6 


8 


6.6 


9 


6.6 


10 


10 


11 


8.0 


12 


10 


13 


8.0 


14 


7.3 


15 


6.6 


16 


6.6 


17 


10 


18 


7.3 


19 


6.6 


20 


6.6 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



167 



Daily discharge, in second-feel, of Luakdha iveir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, 
Oahu, for 1910-11— Gontinued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
21 


1.7 
1.7 
2.1 
2.1 

1.7 

2.1 
2.6 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
1.7 

6.6 
7.3 
6.0 
6.0 
8.0 

21 
7.3 
6.6 
6.6 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
10 
7.3 
7.3 
6.6 

7.3 

21 
7.3 
7.3 

10 

10 


2.1 
2.1 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
3.1 

10 
8.0 
21 
13 

21 

21 
17 
13 
13 
21 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

10 
10 
9.5 
21 
13 

21 
21 
21 


3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
3.6 
6.0 
2.6 

12 
12 
11 
11 
11 

10 
13 
21 
21 
21 

13 
13 
12 
12 
12 

13 
13 
10 
11 
11 

21 
17 
13 
13 
12 

13 
11 
11 

10 
10 
10 


4.2 
3.1 
2.6 
6.0 
6.0 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.1 
3.1 

10 
10 
10 

8.7 
8.7 

8.7 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.7 

8.0 
13 
8.0 
7.3 
7.3 

8.7 
8.0 

10 

21 

13 

21 
13 
17 
17 
13 

13 
13 
12 
12 
12 




3.1 
3.1 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
21 

12 
12 
11 
11 
11 

13 
13 
12 
10 
9.5 

8.7 
8.7 
8.0 
8.0 
7.3 

7.3 
7.3 
6.6 
6.6 
13 

21 
21 
13 
13 
12 

11 

10 . 

12 

13 

13 

13 


21 
6.0 

10 
7.3 
7.3 

6.6 
6.0 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 

13 
21 
17 
13 
12 

12 
13 
13 
12 
12 

11 
11 
13 
17 
13 

13 
12 
11 
11 
11 

17 
13 
17 
13 
13 

12 
12 
11 
13 
13 


6.0 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

5.4 
5.4 
6.0 
4.8 
4.2 
4.2 

11 
11 
12 
13 
13 

13 
12 
10 
10 
13 

10 
10 

8.7 
8.7 
8.0 

8.0 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 
6.0 

6.0 
6.6 
6.0 
5.4 
5.4 

4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.2 


10 
6.0 
4.8 
4.8 

21 

10 

10 
8.0 
7.3 
6.0 
5.4 

4.8 
4.8 
6.6 
6.0 
6.6 

6.0 
6.0 
8.0 
7.3 
10 

8.7 
10 
6.6 
6.6 
7.3 

10 
8.0 
7.3 

13 
7.3 

7.3 
6.6 
6.6 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
10 
7.3 


2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
21 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

6.6 
6.0 
6.0 
6.6 
6.0 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
6.4 

7.3 
6.6 
6.0 
6.0 
5.4 

5.4 
7.3 
6.0 
6.0 
7.3 

21 
10 
21 
21 
10 

10 
8.7 
8.7 
8.7 

10 


5.4 
5.4 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 

4.8 
4.8 
6.0 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

10 
10 
10 

8.7 
8.7 

8.7 

10 

10 
8.7 
8.0 

7.3 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 
7.3 

7.3 
7.3 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
10 
7.3 

6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.0 


5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

7.3 

21 

10 
7.3 
6.6 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
10 

7.3 
6.0 

10 

10 

8.7 

10 
7.3 
6.0 
6.0 
5.4 

7.3 
5.4 
6.0 

21 

10 

7.3 
6.0 
6.0 
5.4 
13 


6.6 


22 


6.0 


23 


6.0 


24 


21 


25 


21 


26 


10 


27 


21 


28 


21 


29 


8.0 


.30 


10 


31 


10 


1911. 
1 


4.8 


2 


4.8 


3 


4.8 


4 


5.4 


5 


4.8 


6 


7.3 


7 


7.3 


8 


7.3 


9 


7.3 


10 


7.3 


11 


10 


12 


7.3 


13 


6.6 


14 


6.0 


15 


6.0 


16 


8.7 


17 


7.3 


18 


7.3 


19 


6.6 


20 


6.0 


21 


10 


22 


10 


23 


7.3 


24 


6.0 


25 


6.0 


26 


5.4 


27 


7.3 


28 


10 


29 


6.0 


30 


6.0 


31 


5.4 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from head on 4-foot weir. Readings made daily at 5 p. m. The 
maximum meas iring capacity of weir is 21 second-feet, but at times the weir was flooded and the discharge 
somewhat greater than this. 

Monthly discharge of Lualcaha weir in Nuuanu Valiey, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 1910-11. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


1910. 
January 


7.3 
7.3 

10 
6.0 

21 

21 

10 

21 

21 

10 

21 

21 


1.7 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.6 
5.4 
4.2 
4.2 
2.1 
4.8 
4.8 
6.0 


3.20 
3.19 
3.15 
3.20 
5.00 
7.72 
5.53 
6.89 
3.99 
6.47 
7.06 
9.37 


197 
177 
194 
190 
307 
469 
340 
424 
237 
398 
420 
576 


A 


February , 


A 


March 


A. 


April 


A 


May 


A. 


June 


A 


July 


A. 


August 


A 


September 


A. 


October 


A 


November 


A. 


December •. 


A. 






The year 


21 


17 5 41 


3,920 














168 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Luakaha weir in Nuuanu Valley, near Honolulu, Oahu, for 

1910-11— Gontinned. 



Month. 



Discharge In seoond-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Run-ofl 

(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



4.8 
8.0 

10 
7.3 
6.6 

11 
4.2 
4.8 
5.4 
6.0 
5.4 
4.8 



4.2 



7.54 
14.4 
13.0 
11.2 
11.6 
13.2 
8.29 
7.25 
8.35 
7.62 
7.60 
6.85 



9.70 



464 
800 
799 
666 
713 
786 
510 
446 
497 
469 
452 
421 



7,020 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN NUUANU BASIN. 

During 1911 a number of miscellaneous measurements were made 
in Nuuanu basin at various points. These measurements are arranged 
in order downstream. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Nuuanu Valley drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from — 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 4 
23 


Nuuanu Stream 

do 


B ig reservoir 

... .do 


Above reservoir No. 4 


Sec.-ft. 
0.74 


do 


1.32 


4 


East Fork 


do 


do 


3.64 


23 


do 


do 


do 


.73 


23 


do.. 


do 


...do 


1.13 


4 
7 


Nuuanu Stream 

do 


Springs and seepage . 
do 


About 200 feet below reservoir No. 4 

and opposite old weir. 
do 


O2.03 
6 2.27 


23 


do 


.. .do 


do 


C2.51 


Nov. 14 


do 


....do 


do 


dl.85 


20 


do 


do 


do 


el.58 


20 


do 


do 


About 300 feet below dam of reservoir 
No. 4. 

Culvert at spring watering trough 

West' of car line opposite Laimi road . . . 
Above reservoir No. 4 


/4.08 


Aug. 7 

7 


West tributary 


Nuuanu Stream 

do 


.36 


do ■. 


1.06 


4 


Lulumaho ditch 

No. 1 ditch 


Reservoir No. 4 

Nuuanu Stream 

do 


0.80 


5 


Below intake near rock crusher 

do 


3.03 


7 


do 


1.28 


7 


do 


.. ..do 


West of car line opposite Laimi road 

Intake near rock crusher 


.72 


23 


do 


do 


2.33 


5 


No. 2ditch 


do 


Below intake at new dam on west side 

near Laimi road. 
Old bridge above Waldron's residence. 


.81 


6 


No. 3 ditch 


....do 


.91 











• Depth in reservoir 39.0 feet. 
t Depth in reservoir 39.5 feet. 
c Depth in reservoir 41.0 feet. 



d Main stream only, depth in reservoir 37.0 feet. 
<• Main stream only, depth in reservoir 36.0 feet. 
/ Depth in reservoir 36.0 feet. 



Note. — Water passing reservoir No. 4 is picked up by Luakaha ditch and delivered to lower reservoirs. 
Ditches are numbered in order downstream, No. 1 taking out below all reservoir diversions. 

KALIHI STREAM BASIN. 

Kalihi basin lies next to Nuuanu basin on the northwest. It 
extends back toward the Koolau Range with a length of about 6 mUes. 
The upper end is about 1 mile wide, but near the sea the width increases 
to 2 miles or more. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



169 



Kalihi Stream is largely used for irrigating taro lands in the central 
and lower part of the valley. In addition to the water coming down 
from the Koolau Mountains, considerable water also appears in the 
form of springs on the west side of the valley. 

The following miscellaneous measurements were made in Kalihi 
Valley during 1911: 

Miscellaneous measurements in Kalihi Valley drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 24 


Kalilii Stream 


Pacifle Ocean 

Kalihi Stream 

do 


Above all diversions 


Sec. -ft. 
4.8 


24 


No. 1 ditch 


Intake above small rice mill 


3.83 


24 


No. 2 ditch. 


Just below intake 


1.70 


24 


No. 3 ditch 


do 




.68 


24 


No. 4 ditch 


do 


..do 


1.10 


24 


No. 5 ditch 


do...-. 


do 


0.50 













a Estimated. 
Note.— Ditches are numbered in order downstream. 



KAITKONAHTJA STREAM BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 

Upper Kaukonahua basin lies on the western slope of central 
Koolau Range. The basin reaches back to the summit of the range, 
where there is a comparatively low pass. This basin furnishes a 
larger quantity of water than any other basin on the western slope of 
Koolau Mountains. The rainfall in the upper part of it is heavy, 
because the pass admits the clouds without robbing them of all 
their moisture, most of which is precipitated on the west side. 

Kaukonahua Stream is formed by two main branches. North and 
South forks, which unite on the tableland near Wahiawa. Just 
below the confluence of the two forks the Wahiawa Dam has been 
constructed, which backs the water up each stream for a considerable 
distance and forms one of the largest storage reservoirs on the island. 

During 1911 the Engineer Corps of the United States Army 
established weirs on both forks of the stream for the purpose of deter- 
mining the relative amounts of water supplied by each. 

SOUTH FORK OF KAUKONAHUA STREAM NEAR WAHIAWA, OAHU. 

The South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream is included in the United 
States military reservation. It is south of Waikakalaua Stream, 
which flows southward to Pearl Harbor. The records of this stream 
have been obtained by the Engineer Corps of the United States 
Army and furnished to the Geological Survey through the courtesy of 
Capt. A. B. Putnam. 



170 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream, near Wahiawa, 

Oahu,for 1911. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




5.8 
8.6 
9.0 
5.8 
5.8 

5.8 
4.4 
7.3 
4.4 
11 

10 
15 
22 
16 
10 


68 
15 
11 
11 
9.0 

12 
9.0 
9.0 
6.5 
9.0 

8.1 
41 
39 
15 
12 


67 
2b 
20 
32 
21 

20 
22 
21 
16 
14 

11 

10 

10 
9.4 
8.6 


3.8 
2.8 
2.6 
2.6 
4.0 

4.0 
2.5 
2.2 

1.8 
2.5 

5.0 
2.2 
3.8 

17 

26 


4.1 
3.2 
3.1 

2.8, 
2.4 

6.2 
19 
25 
32 

7.8 

14 
21 
16 
10 
11 


16 




8.1 
61 
44 
26 
32 

15 

10 

10 
9.4 
8.1 

12 
31 

12 
8.6 
29 
a48 


16 
31 

88 
32 
30 

38 
54 
70 
98 
67 

40 
49 
25 
35 
36 


7.7 
7.7 
7.3 
7.3 
5.5 

5.0 
4.9 
4.7 
5.3 
5.0 

3.8 
5.5 
3.8 
2.8 
2.6 
2.6 


5.8 
13 
12 
11 
12 

11 
11 
21 
22 
21 

15 
9.2 
8.5 
6.3 

4.8 


22 


2. . 




17 




38 


3 




18 




14 


4 . 




19 


12 
10 

14 
21 
10 
10 
12 

7.7 
7.3 
6.5 
6.1 
5.8 
5.8 


9.8 


5 




20 


7.8 


6 




21 


1.7 






22 


26 


8 




23 


7 1 


9 




24 


2.5 


10 




25 


1.4 


11 




26 


1.1 


12 




27 


0.9 


13 




28 


14 


14. 


29 


16 




30 


4.5 




31 


3.0 











a Interpolated. 

Note.— Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily dis- 
charge in gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiaiva, Oahu, for July 

19 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



July 19-31. 

August 

September 
October. . . 
November 
December. 



5.8 
4.4 
6.5 
2.6 
1.8 
0.9 



16.3 
32.8 
12.6 
8.88 
11.2 



254 
1,000 
1,950 

775 
528 
689 



NORTH FORK OF KAUKONAHUA STREAM NEAR WAHIAWA, OAHU. 

The North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream is on pubUc and private 
land just north of the United States mihtary reservation. The 
records on this stream have been obtained by the Engineer Corps 
of the United States Army, and have been furnished to the Geological 
Survey through the courtesy of Capt. A. B. Putnam. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near Wahiawa, 

Oahu, for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


1... 






11 




42 
102 
16 
10 
21 

18 
46 
128 
37 
43 


21 


38 
21 
17 
14 
11 

18 
42 
34 
34 


129 


2 






12 




22 


■ 204 


3 






13 




23 




4 






14 




24 




5 






15 




25 




6 






16 




26 




7 






17 




27 




8 






18 




28 




9 




11 
13 


19 




29 




10 




20 


68 


30 










31 















Note.— Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily discharge 
in gallons per 24 hours. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



171 



WAHIAWA RESERVOIR DITCH NEAR WAHIAWA, OAHU. 

The Wahiawa reservoir ditch diverts water from Kaukonahua 
Stream below the Wahiawa reservoir. This ditch is used for irri- 
gating the higher level cane fields of the Wailua Agricultural Co. 
The Wahiawa Water Co. has established a 10-foot weir on this ditch 
near its head and obtains gage-height records by means of a clock 
register. On account of excessive wave action in the channel above 
the weir, the conditions for accurate measurements are poor. Current- 
meter measurements show that the weir determinations are too small 
at practically all stages on account of this wave action. 

The records at this weir for 1910-11 have been furnished to the 
Geological Survey through the courtesy of Mr. W. M. Templeton, 
manager of the Wahiawa Water Co. These records show the amount 
of water impounded by the Wahiawa reservoir at the junction of the 
two forks of Kaukonahua Stream. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wahiawa reservoir ditch near Wahiawa, Oahu, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
3.0 
1.3 

1.4 
5.6 
5.6 
5.8 
5.8 

5.8 
5.9 
6.1 
6.2 
6.4 

6.4 
6.5 
6.5 
6.6 
4.3 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

6.6 
6.6 
13 

17 
14 

6.3 
6.3 
6.3 

12 

10 


13 
22 
23 
26 
25 

3.0 
7.9 

18 

19 

21 

22 
3.2 
3.4 
3.5 
3.5 

12 
12 
17 
15 
5.0 

18 
20 
27 
32 
34 

35 
7.0 
33 

9.7 
11 
12 

6.9 

5.8 

8.6 
9.2 

11 

13 
9.2 


42 
39 
36 
31 
23 

16 
27 
24 
27 
27 

29 
33 
33 
34 
39 

43 
43 
42 
47 
35 

37 
39 
47 
32 
34 

45 
48 
53 
41 
13 
19 

16 
18 
19 
19 
9.1 

39 
47 
47 
44 
40 


25 
28 
13 
31 
31 

36 
34 
33 
38 
38 

45 
41 
47 
51 
49 

48 
45 
37 
37 
34 

38 
44 
44 
38 
23 

24 
28 
36 
46 
44 

27 
10 
24 
24 
23 

31 
37 
43 
27 
50 


44 
44 
50 
54 
55 

42 
37 
33 

47 
49 

41 

40 
53 
52 
55 

57 
57 
55 
36 
24 

38 
37 
49 
44 
48 

50 
36 
51 
51 
49 
29 

44 
51 
53 
49 
51 

48 
31 
49 
63 
61 


29 
33 
37 
34 
33 

34 
51 
50 
34 
38 

55 
58 
45 
31 
34 

36 
53 
48 
50 
59 

47 
39 
46 
40 
55 

58 
59 
45 
47 
50 

36 
31 
34 
25 
33 

42 
47 
36 
42 
50 


55 
62 
65 
41 
41 

57 
67 
67 

72 
78 

78 
78 
78 
78 
78 

78 
78 
78 
78 
64 

59 
67 

78 
78 
78 

73 
64 
59 
57 
66 
67 

52 
53 
50 
24 
50 

64 
63 
62 
62 
62 


69 
71 
69 
62 
54 

45 
44 
63 
69 
66 

63 
71 
78 
75 
71 

78 
78 
77 
77 
77 

62 
60 
71 
78 
51 

22 
31 

60 
63 
67 
67 

66 
68 
69 
68 
68 

58 
51 
67 
66 
66 


67 
67 
63 

78 
78 

78 
78 
78 
75 
49 

51 
51 
51 
60 
73. 

64 
69 
10 
49 
54 

23 
35 
35 
19 
0.0 

33 

SO 

48 
38 
18 

63 
62 
60 
55 
62 

62 
61 
61 
61 
60 


36 
0.0 
35 
59 
60 

56 
68 
63 
1.5 
50 

65 
73 

77 
77 
81 

60 

78 
78 
78 
78 

78 
78 
78 
78 
78 

78 

89 
101 
101 

61 

66 

30 
50 
52 
56 
53 

53 
53 

44 
54 
55 


68 

43 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 

4.8 
1.9 

12 

12 
7.1 

8.4 
15 

6.8 
32 
54 

53 
59 
68 
64 
40 

52 
71 
65 
42 
75 

68 
23 
44 
58 
49 

34 
66 
42 
20 
19 

50 
67 
62 
47 
54 


72 


2 


61 


3 


40 


4 


13 


5 


40 


6 


49 


7 


40 


8 


41 


9 


48 


10 


50 


11 


18 


12 


54 


13. 


54 


14 


53 


15 


53 


16 


53 


17 


53 


18. 


51 


19 


57 


20 


69 


21 


69 


22 


68 


23. 


59 


24 


58 


25 


17 


26 


18 


27 


35 


28 


24 


29 


28 


30. 


23 


31.. 


6.6 


1911. 
1 


44 


2 


48 


3 


18 


4 


42 


5 


54 


6 


54 


i» 


49 


8 


39 


9 


31 


10 


12 



172 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wahiawa reservoir ditch near Wahiawa, Oahu, for 

1910-11— Cowiirmed.. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


4.0 


9.3 


34 


55 


66 


38 


61 


66 


60 


66 


48 


4.0 


3.6 


31 


55 


49 


49 


70 


69 


61 


63 


36 


4.1 


9.9 


50 


48 


57 


47 


70 


68 


61 


69 


37 


4.1 


9.0 


64 


30 


52 


41 


70 


67 


57 


69 


61 


4.2 


11 


61 


33 


47 


46 


69 


67 


61 


63 


55 


12 


11 


57 


44 


41 


48 


69 


67 


61 


58 


64 


11 


14 


38 


30 


38 


51 


60 


58 


61 


69 


66 


6.5 


19 


41 


38 


59 


43 


64 


51 


68 


68 


56 


6.5 


6.0 


48 


38 


62 


58 


71 


59 


64 


68 


27 


15 


31 


66 


27 


50 


59 


71 


45 


61 


67 


44 


17 


37 


65 


36 


28 


59 


71 


61 


64 


67 


43 


3.4 


44 


34 


38 


37 


58 


70 


69 


45 


42 


34 


15 


59 


25 


28 


36 


68 


70 


69 


41 


57 


45 


22 


33 


37 


28 


48 


55 


70 


69 


34 


70 


58 


6.7 


17 


49 


26 


55 


38 


69 


68 


34 


70 


42 


6.7 


12 


41 


45 


65 


65 


69 


68 


44 


69 


24 


8.8 


13 


38 


42 


48 


55 


69 


68 


43 


69 


37 


5.0 


13 


31 


48 


25 


58 


68 


68 


47 


65 


48 


12 




40 


51 


41 


60 


68 


67 


59 


45 


49 


16 




36 


42 


37 


68 


67 


67 


53 


60 


25 


14 




25 




40 




67 


52 




67 





Dec. 



1911 

11 

12 

J:5 

14 

15 

IG 

17 

IS 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



30 
33 
26 
36 
32 

31 
9.0 
30 
34 
30 

30 
19 



12 
13 
12 
13 
12 
9.0 



Note. — Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily discharge 
in million gallons per 24 hours. The figures are based on weir measurements and are probably too low. 
What current-meter measurements have been made gave a discharge from 6 to 10 per cent greater than 
the weir, the percentage difference being greatest at the lower heads. 

Monthly discharge of Wahiawa reservoir ditch near Wahiawa, Oahu, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910 

January 

February 

March 

April • 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December , . . 

The year 

1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



6. 
35 
53 
51 
67 
59 
78 
78 
78 
101 
75 
72 



101 



1.3 
3.0 

13 

13 

24 

29 

41 

22 
.00 
.00 
1.9 



4.89 
17.2 
34.8 
36.9 
45.4 
44.3 
68.3 
64.2 
51.4 
66.4 
37.1 
44.3 



43.1 



3.4 


9.55 


3.6 


16.0 


9.1 


39.0 


10 


35.9 


25 


47.1 


25 


47.0 


24 


63.4 


45 


63.5 


34 


65.2 


30 


59.5 


19 


44.3 


8.8 


26.6 



301 
955 
2,140 
2,200 
2,790 
2,640 
4,200 
3,950 
3,060 
4,080 
2,210 
2,720 



31,200 



687 
889 
2,400 
2,140 
2,900 
2,800 
3,900 
3,900 
3,280 
3,660 
2,640 
1,640 



3.4 



30, 700 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



173 



WAIANAE STREAM BASIN. 

Waianae basin is on the southern slope of the Waianae Mountains. 
It is 2 or 3 miles wide and 5 or 6 miles long. The upper part of the 
basin terminates in cliffs which resemble those on the east side of the 
Koolau Mountains. At the foot of these cliffs is a sort of talus with 
considerable forest cover. Tunnels have been driven in this talus in 
order to obtain water for power and irrigation. Most of these tunnels 
as a rule are only a few hundred feet long and each furnishes on an 
average about 0.5 second-foot. 

The water from all the tunnels is collected through pipes and 
flumes and is used first to develop electric power and afterwards to 
irrigate the lower lands. The power is used chiefly for pumping 
underground water near sea level. During 1911 measurements were 
made of the water carried by the various tunnels. Measurements 
were also made of the streams and ditches in the Waianae Valley. 
They are arranged in order downstream. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Waianae Valley drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or 
diversion from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


June 23 
23 


West Fork 


Waianae Stream 

do 


Just below pipe intake for power 

Otrimba place, about 1^ miles below 
pipe intake. 


Sec.-ft 
45 


do 


.45 


24 


Waianae Stream 

. . do 


Pacific Ocean 

do 


01.08 


28 


do 


61.54 


28 


do 


do 


Below otrimba place, above all diver- 
sions. 
Makia place, on west side 


.86 


23 


Maiika tributary 


Waianae Stream 

. .do 


.17 


23 


do 


.24 


28 


do 


....do 


do 


.20 


23 


Tunnel 1 


do 


Waianae-uka, near mountain house. . . 
do 


.98 


23 


Tunnel 2 


.do 


C.04 


23 


Tunnels 


do 


do 


.23 


23 


do 


do 


do 


d. 22 


23 


Timnfil 4 


do 


do 


.35 


23 


Tunnels 


..do 


do 


.14 


23 


Tnnnp.l fi 


do 


do 


.69 


29 


Tnnnnl 7 


do 


do 


1.27 


28 


Tunnels 


do 


Near mango tree above Puea Dam 

Above intake box of pressure pipe 

Just below power house 


.09 


23 


Pnwp.r flnmfi 


Tunnels 1, 2, 3, 7 

Tnnnp.ls 1-7 


2.26 


24 




3.47 


28« 
28 « 


Ancient Auwai 

do 


Waianae Stream 

do 


Forks of road below power house 

Brown's house 


4.67 
4.72 


28e 


do 


do 


Lower reservoir 


5.05 













o Small taro ditches running above. 
6 Taro ditches shut off. 
c Estimated. 

d Duplicate measurement. 

« Measurements for seepage made in order upstream. Results completely vitiated by decreasing flow 
from reservoir supplying ditch. The actual loss was undoubtedly large. 

KAIPAPAU STREAM BASIN. 



KAIPAPAIT STREAM NEAR HATJTJLA, OAHTJ. 

Kaipapau Stream rises near the crest of Koolau Range, and flows 
to sea in the district of Koolauloa on the windward side of the island. 
Its headwaters lie between Kaluanui on the east and Waialua on the 



174 



WATEE RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



west, at a distance of about 4 miles from the ocean. Back of Kalu- 
anui and Hauula the stream flows northward for several miles, then 
turns northeastward to the sea, which it enters about 2 miles south 
of Laie. 

Weir records were kept on this stream at an elevation of 1,900 feet 
by W. E. Rowell from October, 1906, to October, 1907, inclusive, for 
J. B. Castle, who has furnished the records to the Geological Survey. 

Monthly discharge of Kaipapau Stream at elevation 1,900 feet near Hauula, Oahu, for 

1906-7. 





Month. 


Mean discharge. 


Run-off in 
acre-feet. 




Million gal- 
lons daily. 


Second- 
feet. 




1906. 


0.71 

.65 

1.41 

1.22 
.86 
.86 
.53 
.38 
.90 
.74 

1..56 
.76 
.54 


1.1 
1.0 
2.2 

1.9 

1.3 

1.3 

.8 

.6 

1.4 

1.1 

2.4 

1.2 

.8 


67.6 


November 


59.5 




135 




1907. 


117 




72.2 




79.9 


April 


47.6 


]Way 


36.9 


June 


83.3 


July 


67.6 




148 




71.4 




49.2 







Note.— Discharge obtained by means of a 15-inch weir notch 1 foot in depth. For days on which the 
discharge exceeded 4.16 second-feet, corresponding to 1-foot head, the excess was discarded. Excess 
discharge discarded as follows: December, 4 days; January, 7 days; March, 4 days; April, 2 days; May, 
2 days; July, 1 day; August, 9 days; September, 1 day; October, 2 days. 

KA-LTJANUI STREAM BASIN. 



KALUANUI STREAM NEAR HAUULA. 

Kaluanui Stream rises in the Koolau Range south of Kaipapau 
and north of Punaluu, and flows to sea in the Koolauloa district, on 
the windward side of the island. The stream has a number of 
branches in its upper reaches which unite some miles from the sea 
and pass down a narrow deep gorge over a succession of waterfalls. 
The lower falls are called Kalihiwaa, and are very beautiful. Some 
distance below these falls water is diverted for irrigating cane and 
rice. 

Weir records on this stream were maintained by W. E. Rowell for 
J. B. Castle at 2,500 feet elevation from November, 1906, to October, 
1907, inclusive, and at 1,900 feet elevation from October, 1906, to 
October, 1907, inclusive. These records have been furnished to the 
Geological Survey by Mr. Castle. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



175 



Monthly discharge of Kaluanui Stream at elevation 1,900 feet, near Hauula, Oahu, for 

1906-7. 



Month. 



Mean discharge. 



Million gal- 
lons daily. 



Second- 
feet. 



Run-off in 
acre- feet. 



1906. 

October 

November 

December 

1907. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 



2.49 
1.69 
3.45 



2.84 
2.14 
2.16 
1.45 
1.08 
2.29 
2.02 
3.50 
2.05 
1.52 



3.9 
2.6 
5.3 



4.4 
3.3 
3.3 
2.2 
1.7 
3.6 
3.1 
5.4 
3.2 
2.4 



240 
155 
326 



270 
183 
203 
131 
104 
208 
191 
332 
190 
148 



Note.— Discharge obtained by means of a 30-inch weir notch 1 foot in depth. For days on which the 
discharge exceeded 8.33 second-feet, corresponding to 1-foot head, the excess was discarded. Excess dis- 
charge discarded as follows: October, 6 days; November, 5 days; December, 8 days; January, 9 days; 
February, 3 days; March, 5 days; April, 2 days; May, 2 days; June, 1 day; July, 2 days; August, 10 
days; September, 3 days; October, 2 days. 

Monthly discharge of Kaluanui Stream at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hauula, Oahu, for 

1906-7. 



Month. 



Mean discharge. 



Million gal- 
lons daily. 



Second- 
feet. 



Run-off in 
acre-feet. 



1906. 

November 

December 

1907. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 



1.32 
2.71 



1.92 
1.22 
1.31 
.93 
.60 
1.22 
1.22 
2.25 
1.33 



2.0 
4.2 



3.0 
1.9 
2.0 
1.4 
.9 
1.9 
1.9 
3.5 
2.1 
1.2 



119 

258 



184 

106 

123 
83.3 
55.3 

113 

117 

215 

125 
73.8 



Note. — Discharge obtained by 15-inch weirs on three separate branches of the stream. The figures 
given are the sum of the discharge of the three branches at 2,500 feet elevation. 

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN KALUANUI BASIN. 

The following miscellaneous measurements on Kaluanui Stream 
and Kaluanui ditch were made in 1911 : 

Miscellaneous measurements in Kailuanui Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or 
diversion from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 25 
25 


Kaluanui Stream 

. . do 


Pacific Ocean 

do... 


Short distance below Kalihi-waa Falls 

and above diversions. 
Below ditch on north side 


Sec. -ft. 
3.23 

.08 


25 


Kaluanui ditch 


Kaluanui Stream 




2.59 









Note.— Water from this stream is used for irrigating cane. The stream practically disappears before 
entering the ocean. 



176 



WATEK EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 
PUNALTJU STREAM BASIN. 



PUNALUU STREAM NEAR HAUULA. 

Punaliiu Stream rises at the crest of the Koolau Range opposite 
upper Wahiawa and flows northeastward through the Koolauloa dis- 
trict to the sea. The Punaluu basin Ues south of Kaluanui basin 
and north of Kahana basin and broadens out into a considerable 
valley which extends back several miles from the ocean. The lower 
part of the valley is somewhat swampy, and is devoted to rice grow- 
ing, though some of the rice lands have been abandoned in recent 
years. 

Weir records were kept on Punaluu Stream at elevation 2,500 feet 
by W. E. Rowell for J. B. Castle from October, 1906, to October, 1907, 
inclusive, and the results have been furnished to the Geological Survey 
by Mr. Castle. 

Monthly discharge of Punaluu Stream at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hauula, Oahu, for 

1906-7. 



Month. 



Mean discharge. 



Million 
gallons 
daily. 



Second- 
feet. 



Run-off in 
acre-feet. 



1906 

October 

November 

December 

1907, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 



0.36 
.37 
.76 



.59 

.26 
.29 

.21 
.11 
.22 
.29 
.50 
.29 
.21 



0.6 

.6 

1.2 



Note.— Discharge obtained by means of a 15-inch weir. 

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN PUNALUU BASIN. 



The following measurements have been made on the stream and 
ditches in the lower part of Punaluu basin. They are arranged in 
order downstream. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 177 

Miscellaneous measurements in Punaluu Valley drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or 
diversion from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct 26 


Punaluu Stream 

do 


Pacific Ocean 

do 


Above all present diversions 


Snc.-ft. 
24 


26 


Below railroad bridge 


22.2 


26 


Ditch No. 1 


Punaluu Stream 

do 


Near Intake on south side 


19.8 


26 


do 


Below railroad near beach 


5 9 


26 


Ditch No 2 


do 


Near intake on north side 


3 75 


27 


do 


do 


Railroad crossing 


1 13 


26 


Ditch No. 3 


do 




1 63 


27 


. do 


do 


Railroad crossing 


.73 


27 


Ditch No 4» 


do 


Intake near railroad crossing 


25 













a This ditch is used for irrigating sugar cane; capacity a little more than a second-foot. 

Note.— Ditches are numbered in order downstream. The intake of ditch No. 1 is a mile or more above 
the mouth of the stream. On the north side of the stream is an old ditch at a higher level than the present 
ditches, which was formerly used for irrigating cane. Its capacity was about 6 second-feet at the intake. 
The total flow of the stream and ditches at the mouth at the time of measurement was 30.2 second-feet. 
This is probably somewhat above the normal on account of rain on the night of October 25. 

KAHANA STREAM BASIN. 

Kahana basin lies on the eastern slope of Koolau Mountains, south 
of Punaluu basin and north of Waikane basin. It is 2 or 3 miles wide 
and 4 or 5 miles long. The main stream is formed by a number of 
branches which unite in the upper part of the basin. The water is 
used to irrigate rice lands in the lower part of the valley. 

During 1911 measurements were made on the stream and ditches 
in this basin. They are arranged in order downstream. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Kahana Valley drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or 
diversion from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 27 
27 


Kahana Stream 

Ditch No. 1 


Pacific Ocean 

Kahana Stream 

do 


Just below intake of upper ditch on 

north side. 
Intake on north side 


Sec. -ft. 
32.2 

4.57 


27 


Old ditch 


Intake on south side 


0.00 













Note. — Ditches numbered in order downstream. Water in ditch No. 1 used for taro. A considerable 
part of the lower end of the valley consists of swamp land and abandoned rice fields. 

WAIKANE STREAM BASIN. 

Waikane basin lies south of the Kualoa Ridge, which branches off 
from the main range to the east and north of Waiahole basin. The 
main stream is formed by several branches which originate in springs 
at about 1,000 feet elevation. The water is used to irrigate rice 
lands in the loM'^er part of the valley. During 1911 the following 
miscellaneous measurements on streams and ditches were made in 
this basin. They are arranged in order downstream. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 12 



178 WATER RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Waikane Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or 
diversion "from— 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 9 
9 


Waikane Stream 

do 


Pacific Ocean 

do 


Above aU diversions, about 

2 miles from the mouth. 
Government road, near ocean.. 


Feet. 


Sec. -ft. 
9.3 

5.1 


20 


do 


do 


About half a mile from mouth. 
..do 


i.os 

1.05 


6.2 


Nov. 23 


.. .do 


do 


4.89 


Oct. 9 


Ditch No. 1 


Waikane Stream 

do 


TntalrA on rtnrth <?)rtn 


2.46 


20 


do 


About half a mile from ocean o. 




1.25 


Nov. 23 


do 


do 


do 




.67 


Oct. 9 


DitchNo.26 


do 






4.84 


g 


Ditch No. 3 


....do 


Government road on north 
side. 




cl.OO 











• Measurement made near Japanese hut below smaU diversion to the soutti. 
6 Ditch used to carry water to rice mill near public road. 
e Estimated. 

Note. — Ditches numbered in order downstream. 

WAIAHOLE STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Waialiole basin lies on the eastern slope of Koolau Eange, south 
of Waikane basin and north of Kaalaea basin. AU the upper part 
of the basin is held in pubhc ownership, but the lower part is in pri- 
vate ownership. There are two branches of the main stream, 
Halona on the south and Waihi on the north, with another tributary 
from the north, Waianu Stream, farther down. Uwau Stream is 
tributary to Waianu Stream on the north. AU these streams rise 
in springs which are about 1,000 feet above sea level, and the flow is 
fairly constant. A part of the water is used for irrigating rice and 
taro lands ia the lower part of the vaUey. 

WAIAHOLE STREAM AT MANIANL4.IJXA, NEAR WAIKANE, OAHT7. 

A gaging station was estabhshed on Waiahole Stream at Mani- 
aniaula, about 2 miles from the sea, September 25, 1911. 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot and fastened to the right 
bank, is used for obtaining gage heights. 

It is probable that there has been some change in the controlling 
section since the gage was estabhshed, owing to the character of the 
stream bed and the steep grade at this place. 

The discharge at this station, which is on pubhc land just above 
the lower boundary, shows the total quantity of water furnished by 
this stream above aU diversions. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 179 

Discharge measurements of Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula, near Waikane, Oahu, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 10 
30 




Feet. 
21.0 
14.2 
16.5 
16.3 
13.6 


Sq.ft. 
34.6 
13.1 
21.1 
20.1 
18.7 


Feet. 

""6." 99' 

1.00 

.99 

LOO 


Sec.-ft. 
27.9 


H. R. Schulz 


27.6 


Oct. 2 


. do 


27.4 


13 


do 


24.6 


Nov. 22 


do 


25.4 









Note. — Several additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. Meas- 
orements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula, near Waihane, Oahu, 

for 1911. 

[Peleioholani, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.10 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
.99 

.99 
.99 
.99 
.99 
.99 

.99 
.99 
.99 
.99 
1.00 


1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 


1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.15 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 


16 




1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

LOO 
1.00 
LOO 
LOO 
1.00 
LOO 


LOO 
1.00 
1.00 
LOO 
LOO 

LOO 
1.00 
1.00 
LOO 
LOl 

LOO 
LM 
L02 
LOO 
LOO 


1.02 


2 




17 




LOO 


3 




18 




1.00 


4 




19 




1.00 


5 




20 




1.00 


6 




21 




1.00 


7 




22 




1.00 


8 




23 




1.00 


9 




24 




LOO 


10 .. . 




25 


1.10 

1.00 
.97 
.95 
.95 
.99 


1.00 


11 




26 


1.00 


12 




27 


1.02 


13 




28 


LOO 


14 . ... 




29 


LOO 


15 




30 


1.00 






31 


LOO 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula, near Waikane, Oahu, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




44 
27 
27 
27 

25 

25 
25 
25 
25 
25 

25 
25 
25 
25 
27 


27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 

27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
27 
27 
27 


27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
27 
54 
27 

27 
27 
27 
27 
27 


16 




27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
27 
27 
27 
27 


27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
27 
27 
27 
28 

27 
27 
29 
27 
27 


29 


• 2 




17 




27 


3 




18 




27 


4 




19 




27 


6 




20 




27 


6 




21 




27 


7 




22 




27 


8 




23 




27 


9 




24 .. 




27 


10 




25... 


44 

27 
23 
22 
22 
25 


27 


11 




26 


27 


12 




27 


29 


13 




28 


27 


14 




29 


27 


15 




30 


27 






31 


27 











Note.— Daily discbarge computed from a poorly defined rating curve. 



180 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Waiahole Stream at Manianiaula, near Waikane, Odhu,for Sept. 25 

to Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


September 25-30 


44 
44 
29 
54 


22 
25 

27 
27 


27.1 
26.9 
27.1 
28.0 


322 
1,650 
1,610 
1,720 


C. 


October 


C. 


November 


C. 




C. 






WAIAHOLE STREAM AT WAIAHOLE, NEAR WAIKANE, 


OAHU. 





A gaging station was established on Waiahole Stream about 100 
feet above the bridge at Waiahole, September 25, 1911. 

A staff gage graduated into tenths of feet and fastened to the left 
bank is used for obtaining gage heights. It is possible that there 
inay have been some change in the controlling section since the gage 
was established, due to the nature of the stream bed at this place. 
The discharge at this station shows the amount of water going to sea 
through Waiahole Stream below all diversions. 

Discharge measurements of Waiahole Stream at Waiahole, near Waikane, Oahu, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 9 
10 


Martin and Schulz 


Feet. 
23 
15 

15.3 
25.7 
28.4 
28.4 
28.0 
27.7 
27.0 


Sq.ft. 
23.1 
19.4 
18.3 
23.7 
28.9 
27.4 
28.2 
28.1 
28.4 


Feet. 

"'i.'32" 
1.23 
1.22 
1.22 
1.22 


Sec.-ft. 
38.3 


do 


37.8 


20 


W.F.Martin . 


37 6 


20 


H. R. Schulz 


38.0 


25 


do 


55 9 


25 


do 


46.2 


Oct. 8 


do 


40.3 


12 


do 


37.1 


Nov. 23 


do 


35.5 









Note. — Several additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. 
Measurements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, infect, of Waiahole Stream at Waiahole, near Waikane, Oahu, for 1911. 

[Eddie Leialoha, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.70 
1..30 
1.23 
1.22 
1.22 

1.22 
1.22 
1.22 
1.22 
1.22 

1.22 
1.25 
1.25 
1.28 
1.28 


1.28 
1.28 
1.28 
1.28 
1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.28 
1.25 
1.25 


1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.30 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.30 


16 




1.28 
1.28 
1.28 
1.28 
1.28 

1.28 
1.28 
1.28 
1.40 
1.30 

1.28 
1.30 
1.28 
1.28 
1.28 
1.28 


1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 


1.25 


2 




17 




1 25 


3 




18 




1 28 


4 




19 




1 30 


5 




20 .... 




1 30 


6 




21 




1 25 


7 




22 




1 25 


8 




23 




1 25 


9 




24 




1 30 


10 




25 


1.34 

1.20 
1.19 
1.18 
1.18 
1.24 


1 30 


11 




26 


1 35 


12 




27 


1 28 


13 




28 


1 25 


14 




29 . 


1 30 


15 




30 


1 28 






31 


1.30 











ISLAND OF OAHU. 



181 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waiahole Stream at Waiahole, near Waikane, Oahu, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




130 

52 
41 
39 
39 

39 
39 
39 
39 
39 

39 

44 
44 
49 
49 


49 
49 
49 
49 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 

44 

44 
44 
49 
44 
44 


44 
44 

44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

52 

44 
44 
44 
52 


16 




49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 

70 
52 

49 
52 
49 
49 
49 
49 


44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 

44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 


44 


2 




17 




44 


3 




18 




49 


4 




19 




62 


5 




20 




52 


6 




21 




44 


7 




22 




44 


8 




23 




44 


9 . . 




24 




52 


10 




25 


59 

36 
35 
33 
33 

42 


52 


11 




26 


61 


12 




27 


49 


13 




28 

29 


44 


14 




52 






30 


49 






31 


52 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a fairly well defined rating curve. 

Monthly discharge of Waiahole Stream at Waiahole, near Waikane, Oahu, Jor Sept. 25 to 

Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-oflf 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


September 25-30 


59 
130 
49 
61 


33 
39 
44 

44 


39.7 
49.4 
44.8 
47.1 


472 
3,040 
2,670 
2,900 


B. 


October. . 


B. 




B. 


December 


B. 







WAIHI STREAM NEAR WAIKANE, OAHU. 

Waihi Stream is one of the main branches of Waiahole Stream. 
Its flow is practically constant. During the latter part of 1911 a few 
measurements were made on this stream at 750 feet elevation which 
show its ordinary flow. 

Daily discharge, in second feet, of Waihi Stream at elevation 750 feet, near Waikane, Oahu, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


1 






3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 


16 






3.8 


2 






17 






3.8 


3 






18 






3.8 


4 






19 






3.8 


5 






20 . . 








6.... 






21 




4.6 
4.4 
4.2 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
3.S 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 




7 






22 






8 






23 






9 






24 






10 






25 . . 






11 


3.7 
3.7 




26 






12 




27 






13 




28 






14 






29 






15 






30 












31 

















Note. — Discharge based on several measurements and gage heights for the days given, except for the 
period Sept. 22-25, which has been estimated. 



182 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAW An. 



HALONA STREAM NEAR WAIKANE, OAHU. 

Halona Stream is the chief branch of Waiahole Stream. It rises 
in springs at elevation about 1,000 feet and has a very uniform flow. 
During the later part of 1911 several mesisurements were made on 
this stream at elevation 750 feet, which show the ordinary flow. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Halona Stream at elevation 750 feet, near Waikane, 

Oahu,for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


1 






10 

10 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 

9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 

9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 


16 








2 






17 








3 






18 








4 






19 








5 






20 








6 






21 




11 
10 
10 
10 
9.0 

9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 




7 






22 






8 






23 






9 


9.0 
9.0 




24 






10 




25 






n 




26 






12 






27 






13 






28 






14 






29 






15 






30 












31 

















Note. — Discharge based on several measurements made by meter and weir, and daily gage heights for 
the days given, except for the period Sept. 22-26, which has been estimated. 

WAIANU STREAM NEAR WAIKANE, OAHU. 

Waianu Stream is tributary to Waiahole Stream from the north 
about 1 mile above the mouth. 

A temporary gaging station was established on this stream above 
all the main diversions September 28, 1911. This station is a short 
distance below Uwau tributary and above the main Waianu ditch. 
The stream is uniform in flow, being fed by springs at about 1,000 
feet elevation. The few observations made in 1911 show the ordinary 
flow of this stream. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waianu Stream above main ditch, near Waikane, Oahu, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


1 




12 
15 
14 
13 
13 

13 
13 
13 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 




16 




12 




2 






17 






3 






18 








4 






19 








5 






20 








6 






21 








7 






22 






12 


8 






23 








9 


13 
13 




24 








10 




25 








11 




26 








12 






27 









13 






28 . . . 


12 

12 
12 






14 






29 






15 






30 .... 














31 

















Note. — Discharge based upon three measurements and gage heights for the days given. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 183 

Miscellaneous measurements in Waianu Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from — 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 9 


Waiann Stream 

do 

v///Ao'^^"'.'.v.'.'.'."'.'. 


Waiahole Stream 

do 

....do 


Camp above Uwau 


Feet. 


See.-ft. 
13.2 


9 
30 


Just above intake DitchNo. 1, 
on north side, 
.do 


1.10 
1.09 


13.2 
12.3 


Nov. 22 


do 


.... do 


11.9 


Sept. 10 


do 


do 


Above junction with Waiahole 
do 


11.0 


Oct. 4 


do 


do 


12.9 


Sept. 9 


Uwau 


Waianu Stream 

do 


Above mouth 




1.99 


Oct. 11 


do 


.... do 




2.21 


11 


South Fork of Waianu 
Stream. 

Middle Fork of Wai- 
anu Stream. 

North Fork of Waianu 
Stream. 

DitchNo. 1 


do 


About 650 feet elevation 




1.86 


11 

11 

Sept. 9 


do 

do 

.... do 


do 

do 

Intake on north side 




4.22 
2.33 
8 6 


9 


do 


.... do 


Ab out 1 ,CXX) feet b elo w intake . . 




6.6 


10 


. . do 


do .... 






1 46 


Oct. 14 


.... do 


. . do 


Intake on north side 




7.1 


14 


do 


do 






5.1 


Sept. 9 


DitchNo. 3 


do 


Intake south side 




.37 


Oct. 14 


.... do 


.. . do 


.. . do 




40 


Sept. 9 


DitchNo. 4 


.... do 


Intake on south side 




.68 


Oct. 14 


do 


do 


do 




.29 


Sept. 9 


Ditch No. 5 


do 


do 




1.13 















Note. — ^Waianu Stream is formed by South, Middle, and North forks. Uwau is a tributary from the 
north, entering above Ditch No. 1. Ditches are numbered in order downstream. 

MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS IN WAIAHOLE BASIN. 

During 1911 a large number of miscellaneous measurements were 
made on the streams and ditches in Waiahole basin. These meas- 
urements are arranged in order downstream. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Waiahole Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 9 
Oct. 13 


Waiahole Stream 

do 


Pacific Ocean 

.... do 


About 2,000 feet above junc- 
tion with Waianu Stream. 
do 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 
19.6 

18 9 


Sept. 9 
10 


do 


do 


About 100 feet below junction 
with Waianu Stream. 

Just above intake of second 
ditch on south side. 

Just above junction with Wai- 
anu Stream, 
do 




32 3 


do 


.... do 


26 7 


Oct. 14 


do 

.... do 


do 

do 


22.2 
22 2 


Sept. 21 


Halona Stream 

do 


Waiahole Stream 

do 


Old weir at elevation 700 feet. . . 




11.6 


29 


Old weir at elevation 700 feet. 
Old weir at elevation 760 feet 


.95 


9 


21 


Waihi Stream 


do 


a4 6 


29 


do 


do 


do 




03.8 


Ocrt. 3 


No. Aditchft 


. . do 


Just below Manianiaula on 

south side. 
Just below Manianiaula on 

north side. 
About 1,000 feet below iittake. . 




10 4 


Sept. 10 
10' 


DitchNo. 1 


. do 


15 6 


do 


...'..do 


2.77 


Oct. 13 


do 


do 


do 




3.40 


6 


do 


do 






10.1 


Sept. 10 


DitchNo. 2 


do 






9.6 


10 


do 


.... do 


House under mango tree about 
500 feet from mouth of Wai- 
anu Stream. 




6.4 











o Weir measurements corrected for leakage. 

6 This ditch returns to stream a short distance below Intake. 



184 WATEK BESOUKCES OF HAWAII. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Waiahole Stream drainage basin in 1911 — Continued. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge 


Oct. 6 


Ditch No. 2 


Waiahole Stream... 
.... do ... 




Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 
6.6 


Sept. 10 
Oct. 6 


DitchNo. 3 


Near intake about 1,000 feet 
below junction of Waiahole 
and Waianu Streams. 

do 




41 


do 


do 


.18 


Sept. 20 
26 


Ditch 


do 


Government road on south 

s'de. 
Near Government road on 

north side. 




1 01 


. .. do 


.... do 


1 40 











Note. — The Halona on the south and the Waihi on the north unite to form the Waiahole. Ditches 
are numbered in order downstream. No. A ditch is the highest. 

KANEOHE STREAM BASIN. 

Kaneohe basin is on the eastern slope of the Koolau Mountains 
south of Heeia and north of Kailua basins. It hes opposite Nuuanu 
and Kahhi basins on the west side of the range. The main stream is 
formed by several branches which rise in springs at elevation about 
800 or 900 feet. During 1911 measurements were made on the 
streams and ditches in this basin at various points. 

Miscellaneous m^as-urements in Kaneohe Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from — 


Locahty. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov 5 


South Branch .. . . 


Kaneohe Stream 

do 


Below intake of ditch No. 1 and above 
junction with North Branch. 

Above junction with South Branch 

Road above No. 2 ditch and below sec- 
ond tributarj' on the left. 

Below' intake of ditch No. 2 


Sec.-ft. 
3 62 


5 




3 27 


5 
3 


Kaneohe Stream 

do 


Pacific Ocean 

... do .-. 


10.2 
8.5 


3 




do 


Above Parker Stream, near Govern- 
ment road, 
do . 


5.1 


7 


do 


do . . 


3 55 


4 


Parlcer Stream 

do 


Kaneohe Stream 

do 


Above all ditches 


.52 


4 


Just above Government road 


1.94 


5 


First tributarj^ 


do 


Above junction with Kaneohe 

do 


1.53 


5 




do 


a. 3 


5 


Ditch No. 1 


do 


Below intake on South Branch 

Below intake near mouth of second 
tributary, 
do 


2.04 


3 


DitchNo. 2 


. ..do 


2 72 


6 


.do 


do 


2.60 


3 


. ..do 


do 


Below inflow from No. 1 ditch 

Government road 


2.69 


5 


do 


do 


.87 


3 


Ditch No. 3 


do 


Intake below third tributary 


.59 


3 


DitchNo. ib 


.do 


Intake above Government road 

do 


6.9 


7 


do. 6 . . 


do 


7.0 


6 


Ditch No. B 


First tributary 


Opposite mouth of first tributary 

do 


.57 


5 


DitchNo. C 

DitchNo. A 

do 

do 


.SO 


4 


Third tributary 

do 




1.21 


4 


Below Parker Stream crossing 


2.03 


5 


do 


1.39 











a Estimated. 



b This ditch supplies rice mill. 



Note.— Tributaries enter from the north and are caUed first, second, and third in order downstream. 
Ditches from main stream are numbered in order downstream. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



185 



KAILUA STREAM BASIN. 

Kailua basin is on the eastern slope of the Koolau Range, south of 
Kaneohe basin and north of Waimanalo basin. The main stream is 
made up of a large number of branches which originate in springs 
about 800 feet above sea level. 

A part of the water in this basin is diverted into Waimanalo basin 
by the Waimanalo ditch, which intercepts all the upper streams about 
600 or 700 feet above sea level. The ditch has a capacity of about 6 
second-feet. The water in the lower part of the basin is used for 
irrigating rice lands, the surplus water entering Kawainui Lake and 
thence flowing to the sea. During 1911 the following measurements 
were made on the streams and ditches in this basin : 

Miscellaneous measurements in Kailua Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 29 


Middle Fork 


Kailua Stream 

do 


Below road near Maunawili ranch 

do 


Sec.-ft. 
1.80 


29 


North Fork 


1.40 


29 


South Fork 


do 


do 


.87 


29 


Tributary a 


.. . do 


.. ..do 


1.21 


29 


Rice Mill ditch 


do 


Intake below junction of three forks. . . 
100 feet below spring in upper Kailua. . 
North of Maunawili S tream 


4.95 


27 
28 


Maunawili ditch 

Upper Kailua ditch 

do 


Maunawih Spring... 
Kailua tributaries.. . 
do 


1.00 
2.10 


28 


South of Ainone ditch 


2.44 


28 


Ainone ditch 


Ainone Stream 

Kailua tributaries... 
Makawao Springs . . . 

Kailua tributaries. . . 
. . do 


Between intake and Upper Kailua 

ditch. 
Below Ainone ditch 


50 


28 


Upper Kailua ditch 

Makawao ditch 

Makawao Stream 

Upper Kailua ditch 


2 68 


28 

28 


Between intake and Upper Kailua 

ditch. 
Above Upper Kailua ditch 


.59 
.63 


28 


North of tunnel to Waimanalo basin.. 


3 38 











a This tributary enters the Kailua Stream from the north below intake for Rice Mill ditch. 

Note.— The Upper Kailua ditch intercepts a number of spring-fed tributaries of the KaUua, and takes 
the water through the ridge south to Waimanalo basin. 

WAIMANALO STREAM BASIN. 

Waimanalo basin is on the eastern slope of the Koolau Range south 
of Kailua basin. A large part of the water used for irrigation is 
diverted by ditch from Kailua basin. During 1911 the following 
miscellaneous measurements were made in this basin : 

Miscellaneous measurements in Waimanalo Stream basin in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


LocaUty. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 28 

28 


Upper Kailua ditch 


Upper reservoir 

Upper Kailua ditch . 

Upper reservoir 

Reservoir ditch 


Just above Waimanalo reservoir 

Above ditch north of Waimanalo res- 
ervoir 


Sec.-ft. 

4.42 

.55 


28 




.22 


28 


No. 4 Spring 


Above ditch south of Waimanalo res- 
ervoir. 


.32 









Note.— The Upper Kailua ditch diverts water from upper KaUua Springs into Waimanalo basin, where 
the water of several other springs is also picked up. The ditch empties into Waimanalo reservoir. 



186 



WATER RESOUECES OP HAWAII. 



GENERAL MISCELLANEOtTS MEASUREMENTS. 

Some other miscellaneous measurements on streams and ditches in 
Oahu were made in 1911 and are given below. 

Miscellanecnis measurements of streams and ditches on Oahu in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or di- 
version from— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Ang. 29 
29 


Waimalu Stream 

Waimalu ditch a 

G 6 flume b 


Pacific Ocean 

Waimalu Stream 

One pump 




See.-ft. 
0.42 


Below intake 


.26 


July 29 
29 


Lualualei Valley 


S.08 


do 




do 


6.90 


Dec. 23 


Makalapa ditch c 

do 




Upper end of lined section near Puuloa 

railroad station. 
Lower end of 2,000 feet of lining near 

Puuloa railroad station. 
Below Pearl Harbor railroad crossing 

at end of 2,000 feet unlined ditch. 


16.6 


23 


do 


14.9 


23 


do 


do 


10.3 


9 




do 


3a4 


Nov. 29 


do 


do 


do 


28.0 


29 


do... 


do 




26.6 


29 


Mill reservoir ditch c. . . 
do 


do 




10.0 


29 


do 




8.4 


Dee. 9 


Eleven - million - gallon 

ditch.d 
do 


do 


200 feet below weir near Aiea 


16.4 


9 


do 


Channel of approach 10 feet above weir. 
Below end of lift pipe, near Waipahu.. 


16.6 


13 
IS 


No. 5 pump ditche ..... 
do 


do 

do 


12.4 
10.8 


13 


do 


do 


Above No. 2 reservoir 


8.8 


14 


East ditch pump 3 « 

West ditch pump 3 e. . . 

No. 5 pump ditch c 

do 


do 


Below end of lift pipe, near Waipahu . 
do 


8.3 


14 


do 


2.95 


22 


... do. 


.... do 


8.6 


22 


do 


Flume 3 , semicircular 


7.4 


22 


do 


do 




7.0 


19 


do 


do 


At lower end of flume No. 1, near Ewa. 

Just above diversion into No. 5 reser- 
voir. 

Just below diversion into No. S reser- 
voir. 

Flume between fields 24 D and 15 A. . . 

Flume between fields 16 A and 17 A . . . 

Just above 6 B reservoir 


16.7 


19 


do 


...do 


/16.8 


19 


do 


do 


6.1 


19 


do 


do 


5.8 


19 


do 


do 


5.5 


19 




do 


5.5 


Nov. 21 
22 


W a h i a w a reservoir 

ditch. ff 
do 


Wahiawa reservoir 

ditch. 
do 


Just below weir near Wahiawa; head, 

1.282 feet. 
Just below weir near Wahiawa; head, 

0.471 foot. 
Just below weir near Wahiawa; head, 

0.716 foot. 
Just below weir near W^iiawa; head, 

0.984 foot. 
Just below weir near Wahiawa; head, 

1.156 feet. 
Just below weir near Wahiawa; head, 

1.474 feet. 

Flume between timnels 9 and 10 

200 feet above lower weir 


60.6 
11.7 


23 


do 


do 


21.8 


23 


do 


do 


36.0 


23 


do 


do 


43.0 


23 


do 


do 


62.7 


21 


do 


do 


63.8 


21 


do 


do 


51.4 


21 


do 


... do 


500 feet below lower weir 


61 4 


21 


do 


do 


Above siphon across Poamoho Gulcii.. 
Flume 1 ,000 feet below Poamoho Gulch 
Flume 8, in Helemano Gulch 


61.9 


22 


do 


do 


53 5 


22 


do 


. .do 


51.9 


22 


do 


do 


400 feet above siphon across Helemano 

Gulch. 
About elevation 650 feet 


51.6 


Aug. 11 

11 


Halona Stream 


Waiahole Stream 

do 


A 8. 6 




About elevation 750 feet 


)i3.7 


11 


Walanu 1 ditch 

Walanu2 ditch 




do 


1.78 


11 


... do 


do 


ft 3. 4 


11 


Walanu 3 ditch 


do 


. . do 


»1.7 


12 


Waiiekee ditch 

Walkane ditch 


Waikane Stream 

do 


do 


M.2 


12 


do 


ft. 46 


12 


do 


do 


...do 


ft 2. 2 


17 


Walawa ditch 


Waiawa Stream 

do 


Intake in Walawa Gulch 


<6.3 


17 


do 


Flume about 3 miles below Intake 


<4.2 











o Upper ditch from west side. 

6 Measurements made to determine the capacity of two small pumping units. Each unit consisted at 
a centrifugal pump with 90-foot Uft, belt-driven from an SO-horaepower gas engine. 

c Made to determine seepage losses. 

d Made to correct weir for velocity of approach. 

e Made to determine slippage in pump. 

/ Seepage into ditch from higher irrigated land. 

ff Made to rate 10-foot weir and determine seepage losses. 

ft Measurements by weirs put in by the engineers investigating the Oahu-Koolau ditch project. 

< Float measurement of freshet water. Ditch carried about 0.6 second-foot on Aug. 16 and is dry or nearly 
so for most of the time. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 187 

SPRINGS AND ARTESIAN WELLS. 
USE AND OHARACTER. 

A large part of the water supply on the leeward side of Oahu comes 
from artesian wells. These ^e found around the south, west, and 
north sides of the island from Diamond Head to Kahana, but the 
greatest number have been developed in the Honolulu, Vv^aipahu, and 
Ewa basins between Diamond Head and Honouliuli. 

Three municipal pumping plants m Honolulu, located at Kaimuki, 
Beretania Street, and Kalihi, lift artesian water to reservoirs at ele- 
vations sufficient to serve a large part of the city. The sugar planta- 
tions and the rice growers at the lower elevations use large quantities 
of artesian water for irrigation. 

Most of the wells that have been sunk on Oahu are flowing wells or 
flowed at the time of boring. Some of the older wells have ceased to 
flow, probably because of defective casings. The water in most of 
the wells rises to a height of from 30 to 34 feet above mean sea level, 
the height varying somewhat with the location of the well, and vary- 
ing in the same well with the amount of rainfall in the mountains. 

A large number of sprmgs also appear at different elevations, the 
larger ones being foimd near sea level around Pearl Harbor. 

During 1911 a number of measurements were made of the springs 
and flowing wells in and near Honolulu and around Pearl Harbor. 
The measurements are presented in the following tables and, for the 
wells, are arranged in the order of numbering of the wells. Some 
records of typical well borings are also presented to show the differ- 
ent formations encountered in sinking wells at different places on 
the island. 

The Honolulu Plantation Co., the Oahu Sugar Co., the Ewa Planta- 
tion Co., and the Waialua Agricultural Co. have kindly furnished to 
the Geological Survey records of underground water pumped for 
irrigation. 

Investigations have recently been undertaken by the Geological 
Survey looking toward the larger development and conservation of 
the artesian water supply of Oahu. i 



188 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS. 



The following miscellaneous measurements have been made of 
springs and wells on Oahu Island: 





Miscellaneous measurements of springs 


in and near Honolulu in 1911. 




Date. 


Spring. 


Tributary to — 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 17 
17 


Lagoon Fish Pond . 




Below Waialae road, west side of 

Manoa Valley. 
do 


Sec. ft. 
3.91 


Small springs 




O.05 


Nov. 8" 


Makilri 


Makiki Stream 

Pauoa Stream 

do 


Upper end of valley, elevation about 

800 feet. 
Under rose apple tree, upper end of 

Pauoa Valley. 
do 


.98 


Apr. 76 
6 


Kahuawai 


.54 


do 


.50 


June 7 


do 


do 


do 


.58 


7 


do 


do 


do 


C.60 


Aug. 13 
Oct. 22 


do 


. . do 


do 


£.50 


do 


do 


do 


C.50 


29 


. . do 


do 


. . do 


C.48 


Nov. 5 


do 


.... do 


do 


C.48 


12 


do 


do 


do 


c.48 


19 


do 


do 


... .do 


c.50 


26 


do 


do 


do 


c.50 


Dee. 3 


. do 


do 


.do 


c.48 


10 


do 


do 


do 


c.50 


17 


do 


do 


do 


c.48 


24 


do 


.. do 


.... do 


c.50 


31 


do 


do 


do 


c.50 


Sept. 15 
15 


Johanthen 




East of Hough teling residence, Hono- 
lulu. 
Near Hough teling residence, Honolulu. 


1.06 


Hough teling Residence 




.13 


15 






O.20 


15 


TTn.hnniwai 




Near Kumuhahana Spring and west 
of Liliha Street, Honolulu. 

West of Ah Yin Pond, about half a 
mile east of Bishop Museum, Hono- 
lulu. 


dl.52 


15 


Ah Yin 




.85 











o Estimated. 



b 1910. 



c 18-inch weir. 



d Two outlets. 



Miscellaneous measurements of flowing wells in and near Honolulu in 1911. 



Date. 



AVell. 



Size 
(inches). 



No .a 



Locality. 



Apr. 7b 
7b 

Dec. 5 
13 



June 



Dec. 13 
12 
12 

12 



Sept. 17 
17 
12 



Cleghom 

do 

do 

Flowing welH. 



Kapahulu dairy 

Kapahulu dairy 
(United States). 

do 

Pumping station 

W. R. Castle 

Sing Loy 



Well. 



Mohap 

do 

Lund Do Wai. 



Cleghom residence, '.Vaikiki 

....do 

....do 

200 feet below 'Vaialae car line and 50 
feet west of Manoa Stream, .Vaikiki. 

Kapahulu dairy, W'aikiki 

Kapahulu road, about J mUe south of 
N\'aialae car line. 

do 

Kaimuki pumping station. . . , 

Kapahulu dairy, w'aikiki 

West of Kapahulu dairy and east of 
Palolo Stream. 

Banana and rice fields, east of Palolo 
Stream and south of Kaimuki pump- 
ing station. 

Near Kapahulu road, east of Palolo 
Stream and north of Sing Loy well. 

Near Mohap 10, but west of Palolo 
Stream. 

East of Manoa Stream, near Lund Do 
Wai rice mill south of iVaialao road. 



o Refers to public works map, made under the direction of Marston Campbell, superintendent. 

b 1910. 

c Duplicate measurements. 

d Without valve. 

« Flow through broken valve only; other valve good, but measurement impossible. 

/ Float measurement. 

g Water rises 25 feet above sea level. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 189 

Miscellaneous measurements of flowing wells in and near Honolulu in 1911. 



Date. 


WeU. 


Size 
(inches). 


No. 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 11 
17 


Lund Do Wai 




21 

21 
27 
26 
28 
36 
37 
38 
39 or 40 

31 

55 
55 
56 
58 


Mauka well, east of Manoa Stream 

do 


Sec.-ft. 
1.90 


do 




ol. 75 


11 


. .do 




Just south of Lund Do Wai rice mill 


1.80 


12 


do 




.55 


11 


.do 




Just northwest of Lund Do Wai rice mill . 
i mile east of Pawaa Junction, east well. . . 
... .do... . 


.67 


Dec. 9 


Sing Loy 


6 or 8 
6 or 8 


1.20 


6 


.do 


1.27 


Sept. 17 
Dec. 6 


..do 


do 


b .87 


Sing Loy (St. Law- 
rence). 






cl. 12 


9 


6 


Vacant lot on seaward side of Pawaa 

Junction. 
On King Street, west of Pawaa Junction . 
.do 


.37 


9 




d2.98 


9 


.do 




«3. 61 


g 






do 


.83 


6 






South of King Street, opposite Mrs. 

Gray's. 
Ah Yin rice mill, Honolulu 


.57 


Sept. 19 
Dec 7 


Ah Yinl/ 


12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

12 

10 

8 

10 

10 

12 and 10 

12 and 10 

12 and 10 

12, 10, 

and 8. 

12, 10, 

and 8. 

12, 10, 

and 8. 

12, 10, 

and 8. 

12, 10, 8, 

and 10. 

12, 10, 8, 

and 10. 

12, 10, 8, 

and 10. 


47 2.89 


.do 




. .do 


g 2.79 


7 


do 




do 


h 2. 70 


7 


.do 




.do 


» 2.65 


7 


do 




do 


g 2.75 


7 


do 




do 


ft 2. 69 


7 


.do 




..do 


i 2. 62 


7 


do 


do 


«2. 58 


18 


.do 




.do 


ft 2.82 


18 


do 




....do 


S2. 82 


18 


Ah Yin2 




do 


ft 2. 18 


18 


Ah Yin3 




.do 


ft 1.78 


18 


Ah Yin 4 

.do 




do 


ft 1.12 


18 




.do 


i 1.04 


18 


AhYinland2; 

do 




...do 


ft 4.89 


18 




do 


3 4.86 


18 


.. ..do 




.do 


i 4. 70 


18 


AhYin, 1,2, and3 ;.... 
do 




....do 


ft 6. 55 


18 




...do. 


g 6.62 


18 


do 




. .do 


»■ 6. 46 


18 


do 




.do 


i 6. 30 


18 


Ah Yin, 1, 2, 3, and 4 q. 
....do 




.do 


ft 7. 67 


18 




..do 


g 7.92 


18 


do 




..do 


<7.32 


Dec. 4 


Well 


117 

lis 


In rice field at seaward end of Kalihi car 

line. 
Above rice mill at end of Kalihi car line. . . 
Gasoline pump, Moanalua 


.57 


4 


Dowset 




.56 


Oct 18 


Hoftailing (Damon). . . 

Well 2 (Damon) 

Valley (Damon) 

Banana (Damon) 

Damon-Dillingham 

Crater Lake 


10 
10 
12 
6 
12 
12 


2.79 


18 




Swimming tank, Moanalua 


1.30 


Nov. 27 




Near Japanese tea gardens, Moanalua. . . 
Upper end Moanalua Valley 


ft 2. 40 


18 




.79 


18 




Electric pump, Moanalua 


2.78 


Nov. 28 




Salt Lake crater, Moanalua 


2.50 













a Water rises 24.9 feet above sea level. 

b Water rises 31.6 feet above sea level. 

c Includes flow from two wells. 

d Usual flow, valve half open. 

e Maximum flow, valve entirely open. 

/ Ten measurements with three different meters. 

g Meter 762, rating gives too high a discharge by about 2 per cent. 

ft Meter 738. 

»■ Meter 887, rating gives too low a discharge by about 2 per cent. 

;■ Combined flow. 

* Measurement by weir. 



190 WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Miscellaneous measurements of springs around Pearl Harbor in 1911. 



Date. 



Spring. 



Tributary to — 



Locality. 



Dto- 
charge. 



Sept. 13 

13 
14 



Dec. 21 



22 
Sept. 14 



Dec. 22 
12 



Waiau rice mill . 



Pearl Loch. 



Culvert. 
Large . . . 



-do. 
.do. 



Waiau 

Waiawa Gulch. 



do 

Waiawa Stream. 



Spring 

Waiawa rice mill. 



Spring. 



do... 

Waipahu. 



do 

Waipahu Stream. 



Waipahu Stream 



do 

Pearl Loch. 



Near Waiau above rke mill and below 

Waiau Pond. 

West of Waiau at railroad culvert 

Near Waiau, but west of Calvert Spring 

at wooden bridge 100 feet below rail- 
road. 
Between Waiau and Pearl City and 

west of large spring. 
Outlet north of Pearl City and west of 

Waiawa Gulch 

i mile east of Pearl City 

Rice mill west of Pearl City and north 

of railroad, 
i mile east of Waipahu mill and 300 

feet below road. 

200 feet makai of Waipahu mill 

Waipahu Gulch near concrete-arch 

bridge on Government road. 

do 

Below concrete bridge on Government 

road in gulch near Waipahu Spring. 



Sec-ft. 
3.75 

4.93 
37.8 



6.9 
.51 



0.15 
4.36 



.30 
3.19 



e3.64 
dll.3 



o Estimated. 

t> Estimated; no place for measurement. 

c Conditions unfavorable for accurate measurement. 

d Sti'eam is made up by a series of springs below pumping stations in Waipahu Gulch. Below the point 
of measurement many other springs enter, so that the flow at Waipahu railroad station is probably 20 
second-feet or more. 

Miscellaneous measurements of wells around Pearl Harbor in 1911. 



Date. 


Well. 


Size 
(inches). 


No.o 


LocaUty. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 29 

Sept. 13 

Aug. 29 

29 






171 
173 
173 
174 
174 
175 

198 

198 

197 

W9 

199(7) 
200 
200 
203 

204 
205 
204 
205 

206 
208 




Sec-ft. 
0.48 


McCandless 




Just below road in Waimalu Gulch. 

do 


61.09 


.do 




1.70 




10 
10 

8(?) 

10 

10 

8 

8 
8(?) 


Just north of the road in Waimalu Gulch. 
do 


c. 53 


Dec. 19 


do 


1.05 


19 


Kitchen 


Chinese camp 200 feet above road in 

Waimalu Gulch. 
Below Government road and above 

Waiau Pond, 
do 


.33 


Aug. 31 
Dec. 19 


Waiau 


2.30 


do 


1.95 


19 

19 

Aug. 31 
31 


Waiau rice mill 

Yong See How 

do 


Above Waiau rice mill and west of Waian 

Pond. 
150 feet below railroad and J mile east of 

Pearl City, 
.do 


L76 
.25 
.73 


Pearl City mill 


600 feet east of Pearl City 


4.61 


Sept. 13 
Aug. 31 

31 


do 




do . . 


4.30 


do 




About i mile below Pearl City above rice 

mill and west of railroad. 

Rice mill } mile below Pearl City 

Below rice mill i mile below Pearl City . . 

Rice mill \ mile below Pearl City 

Under clump of coconut trees | mile 

south of Pearl City. 
On ppninsiila helow Pearl City 


1.65 


do 


10 


d.lO 


31 


do 


1.47 


Dee. 20 




8 


.81 


20 


do 


1.31 


20 


Waterhouse 


6 
10 

10 

8 


*. 15 


19 


Stng Chong 


150 'feet west of Waiawa stream and 
above railroad near Pearl City. 

Edge of cane field i mile east of Waipahu 
mill. 

i mile east of Waipahu mill 


(/) 
g.l4 


21 


Plantation 


21 


Pump 


231 
232 


6.77 


21 


WeU 


i mile back of slaughterhouse, Waipahu. . 


<.20 



a Refers to map made under the direction of Marston Campbell, Superintendent of Public Works. 
6 Pressure 22.15 feet, 
c Valve not full open. 

* Capacity about 3 second-feet; pressure 11.04 feet. 

« Estimated. Well without valve, poorly capped. Water brackish. 

/ No place for measurement; water not used, but allowed to flow to Waiawa stream. 

g Valve broken, water brackish. 

* Flowing water for rice; sUghtly brackish, plantation pump attached. 
i Estimated. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 191 

Miscellaneous measurements of wells around Pearl Harbor in 1911 — Continued. 



Date. 


WeU. 


Size 
(Inches). 


No. 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec 21 




10 
12 
12 
10 
10 
10(?) 

10 


233 
234 
235 
227 
228 
229 
273 

272 


Slaughterhouse, Waipahu 


Sec.-ft. 
oQ.SO 


21 




Southeast Waipahu mill 


1.41 


21 




E ast side of road below Waipahu mill 

Southeast of Waipahu raihoad station . . 
do 


3.19 


22 


Ay Yin 1 


6.05 


22 


Ay Yin 2 


0.31 


22 


Ay YinS 


do 


d.7S 


22 




J mile west of Waipahu railroad station 
and 100 feet mauka of railroad. 

Opposite red-roofed church west of Wai- 
pahu. 

Hoaeae 


2.94 


27 




.67 


27 




.75 


26 


Honouliuli 




279 

280 
282 

2S281 


200 feet east of windmill west of Honou- 

UuU. 
i mile west of Honouliuli railroad station, 
i mile east of pumping station at Honou- 

UuU. 
} mile back of Sing Chong well 


3.53 


26 


Windmill 


8 


.79 


26 




2.76 


26 




10 
10 

10(?) 


«2.80 


26 


.do 


J^orthwest HonouliuU near pumping sta- 
tion. 
Old Korean camp, Waialua ... .. 


/1. 23 


June 14 


Well 


.84 


14 


Flume 




Belowpump 9, W^aialua 


ffl.7 


14 




12(?) 




Near Hauula 


1.41 













a Estimated; no place for measurement; valve stuck. 

b Estimated; well capped; water sUghtly braclrish. 

c WeU without valve; plugged when not used for irrigating cane. 

d Water used for irrigatiug cane. 

< Estimated; no place to measure. 

/ Without valves; flows into stream when not used for flooding rice. 

S Float measurement. 



WELL SECTIONS. 

Section of well No. 4, Beretania Street pumping station. 



Depth. 




Black sand , 

Bowlders 

Punchbowl rock (red) 

Bowlders 

Punchbowl rock (red) 

Coral 

Clay 

Coral (dark) 

Clay and gravel 

Clay and coral , 

Sand and gravel 

Blue rock 

Red water rock 

Blue rock 

Bed rock 

Blue rock 



Note.— Well was sunk in March, 1910; 12-inch casing extends to a depth of 487 feet. 



192 WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Section of T. R. Foster's well near Nuuanu and School Streets, Nuuanu. 



Depth. 



Soil 

Black sand 

Bowlders 

Lava 

Clay 

Bowlders 

Clay 

Bowlders 

Clay 

Coral 

Clay and gravel . . . 

Dark clay 

Clay and bowlders 
Lava or bedrock . . 



Feet. 



14 

54 

70 

82 

102 

110 

410 

450 

560 

600 

740 

767 



Section of the King's well No. 2, at Kalihi. 
[Waikiki of Wilcox's.] 



Depth. 



Soil 

Clay and bowlders 

Coral 

Lava 

Clay 

Coral 

Clay 

Lava 

Clay 

Lava or bedrock . . 



Feet. 

4 
10 
12 

38 
188 
208 
328 
332 
382 
600 



Section of Honolulu 'plantation well No. 5 in field N'o. 16, at new Puuloa Cam.p, Aiea. 



Thick- 
ness. 


Depth. 


Feet. 


Feet. 


245 


245 


45 


290 


30 


320 


10 


330 


35 


365 


20 


385 


55 


440 


55 


495 


20 


515 


35 


550 


65 


615 


80 


695 


10 


705 


25 


730 


27 


757 


10 


767 


30 


797 


3 


800 



Coral 

Brown clay 

Coral 

Clay 

Coral 

Clay 

Coral 

Clay 

Coral 

Clay 

White clay 

Clay , 

Gray rock 

Blue clay , 

Brown lava 

Clay 

Red lava 

Hard blue lava 



Note.— Casing extends to a depth of 520 feet. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 

Section of Laie well in Koolau. 



193 



Soil 

Coral 

Clay 

Bowlders 

Clay 

Bowlders 

Clay 

Lava or bedrock 



TMck- 
ness. 



Feet. 
4 
4 

20 
4 

12 



154 



Depth. 



Feet. 

4 

8 

28 

32 

44 

50 

146 

300 



SUMMARIES OF PUMPED WATER. 
WATER PTTMPED BY HONOLULIT PLANTATION CO. AT AIEA, OAHTJ. 

The following summary has been compiled by the Geological 
Survey from records furnished by the Honolulu Plantation Co. 
The measurements were obtained by means of pump displacement. 

Monthly summary of water pumped by the Honolulu Plantation Co. at Aiea, Oahu, 

for 1911. 



Montli. 



Quantity pumped daily. 



Million gallons. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



Mini- 
mum. 



Mean. 



Second-feet. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



Mini- 
mum. 



Mean. 



Total quantity 
pumped. 



Million 
gallons. 



Acre- 
feet. 



January , 

Februiry 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

• December 

The year 



11.7 
39.0 
36.9 
50.2 
68.6 
71.3 
74.1 
74.8 
73.9 
73.6 
72.3 
66.2 



1.4 
1.4 
3.5 
18.3 
28.0 
47.6 
15.6 
51.8 
30.1 
16.9 
16.7 
1.3 



7.3 
10.5 
13.3 
39.5 
53.3 
61.4 
64.1 
70.1 
69.6 
65.3 
66.0 
29.4 



18 
60 
57 
78 
106 
110 
116 
116 
114 
114 
112 
102 



2.2 
2.2 
5.4 

28 

43 

74 

24 

80 

47 

26 

26 
2.0 



11 
16 
21 
61 
82 
95 
99 
108 
92 
101 
102 
46 



226 

293 

411 

1,180 

1,650 

1,840 

1,990 

2,170 

1,790 

2,020 

1,980 

912 



74.8 



1.3 



45.0 



2.0 



69.5 



16,500 



694 
900 
1,260 
3,620 
5,060 
5,650 
6,110 
6,660 
5,600 
6,200 
6,080 
2,800 



50,600 



WATER PUMPED BY OAHU SUGAR CO. AT WAIPAHU, OAHU. 

The following summary has been compiled by the Geological 
Survey from records furnished by the Oahu Sugar Co. The figures 
include only the water raised by eight steam pumps, the average 
head being 420 feet. Other pumps on which no record is kept are 
estimated at about 10 million gallons daily. The maximum pump- 
ing capacity of the plant is 82 milhon gallons daily. There are 37 
storage reservoirs. The measurements were obtained by means of 
pump displacement. 



74323°— wsp 318—13- 



-13 



194 



WATEK RESOUKCES OF HAW AH. 



Monthly summary of water pumped by Oahu Sugar Co. at Waipahu, Oahu,for 1910-11. 
[For eight steam pumps only.] 



Month. 



Million 
gallons. 



Acre- 
feet. 



1910. 



January. . . 
February. 

March 

April 



Api 
Ma; 



lay 

Jime 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



The year. 



1911. 



January... 
February. 

March 

April 



May. 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



The year. 



18, 100 



905 
3,900 
6,020 
5,650 
6,080 
5,650 
5,960 
6,080 
3,850 
6,040 
4,390 
5,440 



19, 500 


59,900 


199 


611 


470 


1,440 


546 


1,680 


1,250 


3,840 


1,960 


6,020 


1,960 


6,020 


1,940 


5,960 


2,030 


6,230 


1,950 


5,990 


2,010 


6,170 


1,900 


5.840 


1,850 


5,680 



55,500 



WATER PTTMPED BY EWA PLANTATION CO. AT EWA MILL, OAHTJ. 

The following summary has been compiled by the Geological 
Survey from records furnished by the Ewa Plantation Co. 

The measurements were obtained by means of pump displacement. 



ISLAND OF OAHU. 



195 



Monthly summary of water pumped by Ewa Plantation Co. at Eiva Mill, Oahu, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



1910 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

•June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Quantity pumped daily. 



Million gallons. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



75.9 

98.7 
83.1 
82.3 
83.2 
83.3 
82.3 
83.3 
81.6 
81.6 
83.4 
80.6 



47.0 
64.0 
66.5 
76.4 
80.1 
82.9 
84.8 
84.8 
86.8 
84.2 
84.0 
91.1 



91.1 



Mini- 
mum. 



1.0 
51.7 
58.3 
63.0 
71.4 
35.4 
35.2 
68.9 

6.3 
76.2 

6.0 

6.0 



1.0 



1.0 

1.0 

5.8 

37.8 

60.9 

30.5 

43.3 

79.3 

35.4 

10.8 

5.5 

1.5 



1.0 



Mean. 



34.0 

67.1 
71.4 
75.8 
78.8 
75.5 
74.1 
79.5 
46.9 
80.1 
53.0 
63.5 



7.1 
27.4 
45.2 
59.9 
73.0 
74.3 
79.9 
83.3 
80.5 
74.4 
74.1 
60.6 



61.6 



Second-feet. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



117 
153 
129 
127 
129 
129 
127 
129 
126 
126 
129 
125 



153 



103 
118 
124 
128 
131 
131 
134 
130 
130 
141 



Mini- 
mum. 



1.5 



110 
55 
54 
107 

9.8 
118 
9.3 
9.3 



1.5 



1.5 
1.5 
9.0 

58 

94 

47 

67 
123 

55 

17 
8.5 
2.3 



1.5 



Mean. 



53 
104 
110 
117 
122 
117 
115 
123 

73 
124 

82 



103 



11 
42 
70 
93 
113 
115 
124 
129 
125 
115 
115 
94 



95.5 



Total quantity 
pumped. 



Million 
gallons. 



1,060 
1,880 
2,210 
2,270 
2,440 
2,260 
2,300 
2,460 
1,410 
2,490 
1,590 
1,970 



24,300 



219 

767 
1,400 
1,800 
2,260 
2,230 
2,480 
2,580 
2,420 
2,310 
2,220 
1,880 



22, 600 



Acre- 
feet. 



3,250 
5,770 
6,780 
6,970 
7,490 
7,980 
7,060 
7,550 
4,330 
7,640 
4,880 
6,040 



75,700 



674 
2,360 
4,300 
5,530 
6,940 
6,840 
7,620 
7,920 
7,430 
7,090 
6,820 
5,770 



69,300 



WATER PTTMPED BY WAIALTTA AGRICTJLTTJRAL CO. 



The followiiig summary has been compiled from the daily pump 
reports of the Waialua Agricultural Co., showing the amount pumped 
by each of the 13 pumps as measured by displacement. The com- 
pilation has not been checked and therefore may be slightly in 
error. 



196 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 



Monthly summary of water pumped by Waialua Agricultural Co., Waialua, Oahu, for 

1910-11. 





Quantity pumped daily. 


Total quantity 
pumped. 


Month. 


Million g^ons. 


Second-feet. 


Million 
gallons. 


Acre- 
feet. 




Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


Mean. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
muni. 


Mean. 


1910. 






0.34 
13.9 
30.1 
31.2 
39.2 
26.6 
45.7 
46.5 
46.5 
32.9 
7.9 
8.6 






0.53 
21.5 
46.6 
48.4 
60.8 
41.2 
70.7 
72.0 
72.0 
51.0 
12.1 
13.3 


10.7 

389 

933 

937 
1,220 

798 
1,420 
1,440 
1,390 
1,020 

236 

268 


32.8 












1,190 
2,860 
2,880 ■ 
3 740 


March 






























June 










2,450 


July 










4,350 
4,430 
4,280 
































3,140 


November 










724 












823 














The year 






27.5 






42.7 


10, 100. 


30,900 












1911. 
January ., 


S.9 
12.2 

2.7 
38.1 
45.0 
46.0 
62.0 
62.0 
62.0 
56.0 
46.0 
35.0 


.40 
.21 
.20 
.21 
28.0 
29.0 
10 
40 
8.3 
8.7 
1.1 
.63 


.93 
2.8 

.78 
21.4 
38.8 
42.1 
49.1 
52.6 
46.2 
43.1 
29.5 
12.4 


14 
19 
4.2 
69 
70 
71 
96 
96 
96' 
87 
71 
54 


.62 
.33 
.31 
.33 

43 

45 

16 

62 

13 

13 
1.7 
.98 


1.4 
4.3 
1.2 
33 

60 
65 
76 
81 
71 
67 
46 
19 


28.7 
77.2 
24.1 
642 

1,200 
1,260 
1,520 
1,630 
1,390 
1,340 

886 

384 


88.2 
2,370 


March 


74 




1,970 
3,690 
3,870 


May 




July 


4,670 
5,010 


August 




4,270 


October 


4,110 




272 




1,180 






The year 


62.0 


.20 


28.3 


96 


.31 


43.7 


10,400 


34,000.0 







ISLAND OF MOLOKAI. 



GEISTERAL FEATURES. 



The island of Molokai lies between Oahu on the northwest and 
Maui on the southeast. It is nearly 40 miles long, east and west, 
and 6 to 9 miles wide. It is the fifth in size, having an area of 261 
square miles. Its population in 1910 was 1,791, about half of whom 
were at the Kalaupapa settlement, on the northern coast. 

The north side of Molokai is very rugged, especiaUy along the 
eastern haK. It consists of vertical cliffs 1,000 to 4,000 feet in 
height, which are cut by alcove vaUeys inaccessible except from the 
sea. The largest of these valleys are Pelekunu and WaUau, which 
reach half way through the island. Waikolu and Halawa are other 
deep gulches on the north and east side of the island, respectively. 
The highest point on Molokai (elevation 4,958 feet) is at the south 
end of the ridge between Pelekunu and Wailau vaUeys. The 
scenery along the northeast side of Molokai is said to be the wildest 
in tiie group. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 197 

WATER RESOURCES. 

Practically all the streams on the island are on the northeast side. 
There is considerable water in some of the streams, but it is in short, 
deep canyons at a comparatively low elevation. The water is used 
for irrigating taro in Pelekunu and WaUau valleys. 

The Survey has made no recent investigations on Molokai. Several 
years ago, however, a detailed report ^ on the water resources of the 
island was made by Waldemar Lindgren. 

ISLAND OF MAUI. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

The Maui group consists of the islands of Maui, Molokai, Lanai, 
and Kahoolawe. They are situated about halfway between Oahu 
on the northwest and Hawaii to the southeast. Maui is nearest to 
Hawaii, being separated from it by Alenuihaha Channel, 26 miles in 
width. Pailolo Channel, 8 miles wide, separates Maui from Molokai 
on the northwest. On the west Maui is separated from Lanai by 
Auau Channel, width 7 miles, and from Kahoolawe by Alalakeiki 
Channel, width, 6 miles. The distance from Honolulu to Lahaina, 
the nearest landing on Maui, is 72 miles. 

Maui has an area of 728 square miles and is the second largest 
island in the group. Its greatest length is about 47 miles from 
northwest to southeast. The greatest width across East Maui is 
about 25 miles, and the least width across the isthmus is 6 or 7 
miles . 

Maui is a doublet — that is, it originally consisted of two distinct 
islands which were later united. West Maui is elliptical in shape, 
the main axis lying in a northwest-southeast direction. Its length is 
about 16 miles and its width about 11 miles. Roughly, East Maui 
forms an isosceles triangle with a base about 25 miles long l3ang 
in a north and south position, and with legs about 30 miles long 
extending southeastward and northeastward to the apex at the east 
end of the island. (See PI. XIV, at end of volume.) 

West Maui is much the older of the two Maui mountains. It is 
about the same age as Kauai, West Oahu, and Kohala mountains. 
No trace of the original big crater that must have formed West 
Maui seems to exist. Erosion has produced some picturesque valleys 
and canyons that are probably ursurpassed anywhere else in the 
group. The most notable of these is lao VaUey (PI. VIII, A), 
on the windward side, with its broad amphitheater at the head 
4,000 feet below the summit of Puu Kukui overlooking it. Waihee, 
Olowalu, Waikapu, and llonokahau are other canyons that have 

1 Lindgren, Waldemar, Water resoiirces of Molokai. Water-Supply Paper U. S. Gteol. Survey No. 
77, 1903. 



198 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAU. 

eaten their way to the center of the mountain. From the summit, 
at an elevation of 5,790 feet, many sharp ridges that have been 
worn almost to knife edges radiate in nearly every direction, forming 
the upper watersheds for the various streams that originate there. 

East Maui is one of the younger mountains of the group. Its crater, 
Haleakala, at the summit, 10,000 feet above sea level, is the largest 
extinct crater in the world, and is as well preserved as if its fires were 
extinguished but yesterday. The crater is 20 miles in circumference 
and 2,000 feet deep, and contains many cinder cones, some of which 
rise 700 feet above its floor. There are two great gaps in the rim 
of the crater, Koolau at the north and Kaupo at the southeast, 
through which later lava flows poured into the sea at Keanae and 
Kaupo, respectively. Although there seems to be no record of the 
date, it is probable that the last flow took place through the Kaupo 
Gap only a few hundred years ago. 

From the rim of the crater the slope is uniform in all directions, 
being steepest on the south. Erosion has not yet produced any of 
the knife-edge ridges and deep gorges that are so numerous on West 
Maui. Keanae Valley, on the northeastern slope, is the most promi- 
nent topographic feature, but it probably originated in a faulting 
rupture. Honomanu Gulch attains the proportions of a canyon for 
a short distance back from the sea, and next to Keanae is the most 
prominent of the East Maui gulches. Halehaku and Maliko are also 
long deep gulches on the northern slope of East Maui. The western 
and southern slopes are practically devoid of deep gulches. All the 
permanent streams are on the northeastern and southeastern slopes. 

The shore line of Maui is fairly regular, there being no prominent 
points or capes. Cliffs exist on the northeastern coast, but they are 
are not very high. Maalaea, on the south side of the isthmus, is the 
largest bay. Hana is a smaU bay at the east end. The only harbor 
is Kahului, on the north side of the isthmus. Considerable coral 
exists along the west coast of West Maui and around Kahului Harbor 
on the north coast. 

The rainfall varies greatly in different parts of Maui. On the 
west and south coasts it ranges from 20 to 30 inches annually and 
semiarid conditions prevail. On the northeast coast the rainfall is 
heavy, ranging from 100 to 300 inches or more on East Maui and 
from 150 to 200 or 300 inches in the mountains of West Maui. 

The forest cover is confined almost entirely to the northeastern 
slope of East Maui and the higher mountains of West Maui. 
Very little vegetation exists on the western and southern slopes of 
West Maui except at the higher elevations. 

Streams are numerous on the northeastern and southeastern slopes 
of East Maui. The largest and most constant streams, however, 
are on West Maui. Practically aU the streams are used to irrigate 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 313 PLATE VIII 




A. THE "NEEDLE," lAO VALLEY, MAUI. 




B. A RECENT LAVA FLOV/ ON THE ISLAND OF HAWAIL 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 199 

cane and taro. The cane belt is on the western and eastern sides 
of West Maui, the northwestern and southeastern sides of East 
Maui, and on the isthnius. Taro is grown in some of the valleys, 
and a small quantity of rice is also grown. Both taro and rice require 
irrigation. 

Good roads exist on central Maui, along the western and southern 
coasts of West Maui, along the northern coast of East Maui as far as 
Kailua, and along the southeastern coast. Around the other parts 
of the island there is only a horse trail. 

Wailuku is the principal town, and the county seat of Maui County. 
Lahaina, Kahului, Puunene, and Paia are important places. 

The streams are described in clockwise order around West Maui, 
beginning with Waihee at the northeast, and in east-to-west order 
along the ditch systems of East Maui. 

WEST MAUI. 

WAIHEE STREAM BASIN. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

Waihee basin lies on the northeast slope of West Maui south of 
Kahakuloa and north of Waiehu. It is about 6 miles long and 
1 to 2 miles wide and comprises an area of approximately 10 square 
miles. The basin is deep and narrow, the upper part being closed in 
by almost vertical walls which separate it from Honokahau on the 
west and lao at the south. 

The almost incessant rainfall on the northeastern slopes of Eke 
and Puu Kukui gives a large run-off from a comparatively small 
drainage area. Numerous tributaries enter the main stream from 
both sides, and several tunnels have also been driven which develop 
additional water. The Waihee canal and Spreckels ditch divert 
water from the south side of the stream for irrigating cane, and 
several native auwais ^ take water at lower elevations for irrigating 
taro. 

Gaging stations have been established on the main stream at the 
intake of Waihee canal, and on Waihee canal and Spreckels ditch. 

WAIHEE STREAM AT DAM NEAR WAIHEE, MAUI. 

A station was established on Waihee stream November 17, 1910. 
This station is at the dam which forms the intake of Waihee canal. 

Records at this point show only the amount of water passing 
down the main stream after Waihee canal has been supplied. 

A staif gage on the left wall is used for obtaining gage heights. 

The discharge at this station, added to that of Waihee canal, gives 
the total flow of the stream, and also includes the water developed 
by two tunnels which were driven in 1909 jointly by the WaUuku 
Sugar Co. and the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. 

» See glossary, p. 496. 



200 WATEK RESOURCES OP HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements of Waihee Stream at dam near Waihee, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
heiglit. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 29 


Pierce and Schulz 


Feet. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 
0.35 

.68 
.53 
.27 
.00 


Sec.-ft. 
29.9 


1911. 
Jan. 276 


Martin and Pierce 


43.8 
36.4 


28.7 
42.6 


85.1 


Mar. 28c 


C. H . Pierce 


61.5 


Aug. 22 
Nov. 27 


J. B. Stewart 


a 18.0 


do 






d.05 













o Discharge is the dlflEerence between the result of the measurement of stream above intake of Waihee 
Canal and of the canal below intake. 

f> Measurement by wading on crest of dam. 

e Measurement above intake of Waihee Canal. The intake gates were closed during measurement and 
no water was being diverted by Waihee Canal. 

i Discharge estimated. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Waihee Stream at dam near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Joaquin Santos, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




1.55 
1.9 
2.0 
2.0 
1.5 

1.9 
1.45 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 


11. 

12. 

13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




0.9 

.8 
.8 
.7 
.45 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.25 

.25 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


0.0 
.0 
.05 
.3 
.0 

.0 
.3 
.6 
1.3 
.95 


0.45 


2 










.7 


3 










.5 


4 










1.1 


5 










.8 


6 . . .. 










.8 


7 






0.3 
.25 
.10 
.15 




.75 


8 








.4 


9 








.4 


10 . . 








.75 












.8 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


0.8 

.8 
.35 
.5 
.8 

1.3 

1.25 

1.2 

1.2 

1.3 

1.3 
1.3 

.0 
.6 
.6 

.8 
1.5 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.25 
1.2 

1.2 
.7 

1.3 
.8 
.4 
.4 


0.4 

.7 

.5 
1.1 

.5 

1.05 

.5 

.6 
1.25 
1.55 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.2 
1.35 

.5 

.5 
.9 


0.8 
.5 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.3 

.3 
.3 
.3 
.4 

.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.3 

.8 
.8 
.55 
.7 

.85 
1.0 
.9 
.95 
.6 

.6 

1.25 

.3 

.8 
.6 
.4 


0.4 
.6 
.4 
.4 
.4 

.3 
.3 
.4 
.3 
.3 

.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.3 

.8 
1.6 
1.7 
1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.95 

1.85 

1.8 

1.0 
.9 
.5 
.5 
.5 


0.4 

1.0 

.4 

.6 

.6 

.6 

.7 

.4 

3.1 

1.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 

1.3 

1.0 

1.0 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
.9 
1.2 
1.5 
1.3 


0.6 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 

1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

1.2 

1.0 

.8 

.8 

.8 
.6 
.6 
.4 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.6 
.8 
.8 

.4 
.4 

.8 
.8 
.7 


0.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.4 
.4 

.6 

.8 

.8 

1.0 

1.0 

.95 

.6 

.5 

.6 

.55 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 


0.5 
.6 
.6 
.7 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.9 
.8 

.7 

.8 
.8 

.85 
.8 
.8 

.9 

.9 

1.15 

.8 
.8 

.8 
.6 
.4 
.4 
.4 

,4 

.4 
.4 
1.25 
.75 
.5 


0.5 
.5 
.5 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.6 
.6 

.4 
.8 

.9 
.8 
.8 
.7 
.6 

.6 
.8 
.8 
.8 
1.5 

2.2 
1.4 
4.4 
.95 
1.0 

1.1 

1.5 
2.0 


1.6 
1.1 

.5 

.5 

.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.4 

.4 
.4 
.4 

.4 

.4 

.4 

.65 

.4 

.4 

.4 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.4 
.4 

.35 
.3 

.4 
.4 


0.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 

.4 

.4 
.4 
.3 
.3 

.1 
.1 
.0 
1.05 
.25 

.1 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.55 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.7 

.8 
.8 

.85 
.8 
.8 




0.2 


2 


.2 


3 


.2 


4 


.2 


5 


.2 


6 


.2 


7 


.1 


8 


.1 


9 


.0 


10 


.0 


11 


.0 


12 


.05 


13 


.15 


14 


.10 


15 


1.0 


16 


.8 


17 


.4 


18 


.55 


19 


.5 


20 


.1 


21 

22 


.0 

.25 


23 


.1 


24 


.1 


25 


.1 


26 


.1 


27 


.1 


28 


.3 


29 


.3 


30 


.6 


31 


.» 







ISLAND OF MAUI. 201 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waihee Stream at dam near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 




1910. 




275 
360 
385 
385 
263 

360 
252 
151 
151 
151 


11 




130 
110 
110 

90 

44 

0.0 
0.0 
0.0 

17 

17 


21 


0.0 
0.0 
2.3 
22 
0.0 

0.0 

22 

71 
217 
140 


44 


1 


12 




22 


90 


2 




13 




23 


53 


3 




14 




24 


173 


4 




15 




25 


110 


5 




16 




26 










110 


6 


17 


22 

17 
4.6 
8.3 


27 


100 


7 




18 


28 


36 


8 




19 


29 


36 


9 




20 


30 


100 


10 






31 


110 













Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


110 

no 

29 
53 
110 

217 
200 
195 
195 
217 

217 

217 

71 

71 

71 

110 
263 
173 
173 
173 

173 
173 
173 
206 
195 

195 
90 
217 
110 
36 
36 


36 
90 
53 
173 
53 

162 
53 
71 
206 
275 

53 
53 
53 
53 
53 

53 
53 
53 
53 
53 

53 
53 
53 
12 
228 

53 
53 
130 


110 
53 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
36 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22* 

22 
110 
110 

62 

90 

120 
151 
130 
140 
71 

71 
206 

22 
110 

71 

36 


36 
71 
36 
36 
36 

22 
22 
36 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
110 
287 
311 
360 

360 
360 
372 
348 
335 

151 
130 
53 
53 
53 


36 
151 
36 
71 
71 

71 

90 

36 

660 

335 

110 
110 
110 
217 
151 

151 
110 
110 
110 
110 

110 
151 
151 
151 
151 

151 
151 
130 
195 
263 
217 


71 
110 
110 
110 
110 

110 
110 
110 
151 
151 

151 
195 
151 
110 
110 

110 
71 
71 
36 

110 

110 
110 
71 
110 
110 

36 
36 
110 
110 
90 


36 
36 
36 
36 
36 

110 
110 
110 
36 
36 

71 
110 
110 
151 
151 

140 
71 
53 
71 
62 

71 
71 
71 
53 
53 

S3 
53 
53 
53 
53 
S3 


53 
71 
71 
90 
110 

110 
110 
130 
110 
90 

110 
110 
120 
110 
110 

130 
130 
184 
110 
110 

110 
71 
36 
36 
36 

36 
36 
36 

206 
100 
S3 


53 
53 
53 
90 
90 

90 
71 
71 
36 

no 

130 
110 
110 
90 
71 

71 
110 
110 
110 
263 

435 
240 
985 
140 
151 

173 
151 
110 

263 
385 


287 
173 
53 
53 
53 

53 
53 
53 
53 
53 

36 
36 
36 
36 
36 

36 
36 
80 
36 
36 

36 

22 
22 
22 
22 

36 
36 
29 
22 
36 
36 


36 
36 
36 
36 
36 

36 
36 
36 
22 
22 

4.6 
4.6 

90 
162 

17 

4.6 
22 
22 
22 
22 

62 
110 
110 
110 

90 

110 
110 
120 
110 
110 


12 


2 


12 


3 


12 


4 


12 


5 


12 


6 


12 


7 


4.6 


8 


4.6 


9 


0.0 


10 


0.0 


11 


0.0 


12 ., 


2.3 


13 


8.3 


14 


4.6 


15 


4.6 


16 


110 


17 


36 


18 


62 


19 


S3 


20 


4.6 


21 


0.0 


22 


17 


23 


4.6 


24 


4.6 


25 


4.6 


26 


4.6 


27 


4.6 


28 


22 




22 


30 


71 




130 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 100 second-feet. 



202 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Waihee Stream at dam near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


217 


0.0 


37.6 


1,040 


385 


0.0 


136 


8,360 


263 


29 


148 


9,100 


275 


12 


83.5 


4,640 


206 


22 


64 


3,940 


372 


22 


125 


7,440 


660 


36 


144 


8,850 


195 


36 


105 


6,250 


151 


36 


71.3 


4,380 


206 


36 


94.4 


5,800 


985 


36 


164 


9,760 


287 


22 


51.3 


3,190 


162 


4.6 


58.2 


3,460 


130 


0.0 


21.0 


1,290 


985 


0.0 


94.6 


68,100 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910, 

November 17-30 

December 

1911, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Note. — These estimates do not include the water diverted by Waihee CanaL 
WAIHEE CANAL NEAB WAIHEE, MAITI. 

Waihee canal diverts water from the south side of Waihee Stream 
at elevation 650 feet. 

A station was established on this canal November 17, 1910, at a 
point about 2^ miles above Waihee and about 1 mile below the intake. 
It is 20 feet above the chute through which water is at certain times 
turned from Waihee canal to Spreckels ditch. 

Gage heights are obtained from a staff gage, graduated in tenths 
of feet, which is placed on the mauka or right side of the ditch. The 
ditch at this place has a fairly smooth concrete lining and regular 
cross section. The discharge at this station added to that of the 
station on Waihee Stream at the dam gives the total discharge of 
Waihee Stream. 

Discharge measurements of Waihee canal near Waihee, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
action. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 29 


Pierce and Schulz 


Feet. 
5.5 

5.5 
5.35 
5.6 
5.7 


Sq.ft. 
10.8 

11.8 
14.4 
14.6 
14.3 


Feet. 
1.95 

2.13 
2.15 
2.15 
2.10 


Sec.-ft. 
42.3 


1911. 
Jan. 27 




52.1 


Aug. 26 


J. B. Stewart 


56.4 


Nov. 27 


do 


57.7 


Dec. 21 


do 


56.6 



Note.— An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating, 
ments made at various sections. 



Measure- 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



203 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waihee canal near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Joaquin Santos, observer.) 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

.0 

.0 


11 




1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.85 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 


21 


1.95 
1.8 
1.9 

2.1 
1.95 

1.8 

2.15 

2.1 

2.2 

2.2 


2.2 


2 .. 




12 




22 


2.55 


3 




13 




23 


2.2 


4 




14 





24 


2.3 






15 




25 


2.1 


6 




16 




26 


2.1 


7 




17 


2.3 
2.15 
1.9 
1.8 


27 


2.1 


S 




18 


28 


2.0 


9 




19 


29 


2.0 


10 




20 


30 


2.15 










31 


2.2 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


2.2 
2.2 
2.0 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
2.2 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 

1.6 

1.85 

2.1 

2.1 

1.6 

1.6 


1.6 
1.9 
1.9 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

1.95 

1.8 
1.8 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.3 
1.95 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 


l.S 
1.8 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

2.0 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.1 

2.15 

2.2 

2.2 
.0 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 


1.75 
.9 
.0 
.0 
.0 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 

2.55 

3.0 

2.3 

2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.0 

2.2 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 


1.9 
2.3 
2.1 
2.1 
2.1 

2.1 
2.1 
2.1 
2.3 

2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.9 

2.8 

2.7 

2.55 

2.5 

2.7 

2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.7 


2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.4 
2.4 
2.2 
2.4 
2.3 

2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.4 
2.4 

2.2 
2.5 
2.2 
2.4 
2.2 

2.2 
2.3 
2.2 
2.4 
2.2 


2.2 
2.2 
2.4 
2.7 
2.6 

2.7 
2.3 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.8 
2.8 
2.6 
2.8 
2.S 

2.8 
2.5 
2.0 
2.1 
2.1 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.4 
2.6 

2.4 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 


2.2 

2.2 

2.1 

2.35 

2.2 

2.2 

2.2 

2.2 

2.55 

2.2 

2.2 

2.2 

2.65 

2.6 

2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.7 
2.2 
2.4 

2.2 
2.2 
2.0 
2.2 
2.6 

2.0 
2.0 
2.2 
2.4 
2.1 
2.0 


2.0 
2.2 
2.2 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.8 
2.8 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.4 
2.5 
2.7 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.5 
2.4 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
• 2.6 
2.6 


2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.4 
2.3 

2.2 
2.2 
2.6 
2.5 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.3 
2.4 
2.2 
2.2 
2.4 

2.3 
2.3 
2.2 
2.4 
2.4 


2.2 


2 


2.2 


3 


2.2 


4 


2.2 


5 


2.1 


6 


2.1 




2.15 


8 


2.2 


9 


2.2 


10 


2.2 


11 


2.2 


12 


2.2 


13 


2.2 


14 


2.2 


15 


2.2 


16 


2.2 


17 


2.2 


18 , 


2.2 


19 


2.2 


20 


2.05 


21 


2.1 


22 


2.2 


23 


2.1 


24 


2.1 


25 


2.1 


26 


2.05 


27 

28 


2.1 
2.2 


29 


2.25 


30 

31 


2.3 
2.3 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waihee canal near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1910. 
1 ;. 




49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

39 

39 

39 






11... 




39 
39 
39 
39 
42 

59 
59 
59 
59 
59 


21 


• 46 
39 
44 
54 
46 

39 
56 
54 
59 
59 


59 


2 




12 




22 


80 


3 




13 




2i 


59 


4 




14 




24 


65 


5 




15 




25 


54 


6..: 




16 




26 


54 


7 




17 


65 
56 
44 
39 


27 


54 


8 




18 


28 


49 


9 




19 


29 


49 


10 --- 




20 


30 


56 










31 


59 











204 



WATEK RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waihee caned near Waihee, Mam, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jrme. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


C9 

59 
49 
59 
59 

59 
59 
59 
59 
69 

59 
59 
59 
59 
59 

59 
49 
49 
59 
31 

31 
31 
31 
31 
31 

31 
42 
54 
54 
31 
31 


31 

44 
44 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
46 

39 
39 
59 
59 
59 

59 
59 
59 
59 
59 

59 
59 
59 
65 
46 

39 
39 
39 


39 
39 
44 
44 
44 

49 
49 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
56 
59 

59 

31 
31 
31 

31 

9 
35 
35 
35 
35 


35 

11 







27 
27 
27 
27 
27 

27 
31 
31 
31 
31 

31 
80 
111 
65 
59 

59 
59 
59 
59 
49 

59 
49 
54 
54 
54 


44 
65 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
65 
77 

77 
77 
77 
77 

77 

77 
77 
77 
77 
104 

97 
90 
80 
77 
90 

104 
97 
97 
97 

104 
90 


59 
59 
59 
59 
59 

71 
71 
59 
71 
65 

65 
59 
59 
59 
59 

59 
59 
59 
71 
71 

59 
77 
59 
71 
59 

59 
65 
59 
71 
59 


59 
59 
71 
90 
83 

90 
65 
83 
83 
83 

97 

97 
83 
97 
97 

97 
97 
49 
54 
54 

59 
59 
59 
71 
83 

71 
59 
59 
59 
59 
59 


59 
59 
54 
68 
59 

59 
59 
59 
80 
69 

59 
59 
86 
83 
83 

83 
83 
90 
59 
71 

59 
59 
49 
59 
83 

49 
49 
59 
71 
54 
49 


49 
59 
59 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

97 
97 
83 
83 
83 

71 
77 
90 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 
83 


83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

77 
71 
83 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 
83 


83 
83 
83 
83 
83 

83 
83 
83 
71 

66 

59 
59 
83 
77 
59 

59 
59 
59 
59 
59 

65 
71 
59 
59 
71 

65 
65 
59 
71 
71 


59 


2 


59 


3 


59 


4 


59 


5 


54 


6 


54 


7 


56 


8 


59 


9 


59 


10 


69 


11 


59 


12 


59 


13 


69 


14 


59 




59 




59 


17 


59 


18 


59 


19 


59 




52 


21 


54 


22 


59 


23 


54 


24 


54 




54 




52 


27 


54 




59 


29 


62 


30 


65 


31 


65 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that Is fairly well defined between 40 and 60 
second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Waihee canal near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimvun. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

November 17-30 

December 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

AprU 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



59 
65 
59 
111 
104 
77 
97 
90 
97 
83 



111 



60.0 
48.2 



49.0 
51.6 
43.5 
41.1 
77.3 
63.0 
73.7 
64.9 
83.6 
82.4 
69.6 
57.8 



63.2 



1,380 
2,960 



3,010 

2,870 
2,670 
2,450 
4,750 
3,750 
4,530 
3,990 
4,970 
5,070 
4,140 
3,550 



45,800 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



205 



WAIHEE CANAL AT WEIR NEAR WAILUK0, MAUI. 

A 14-foot sharp-crested weir without end contractions has been 
placed on Waihee canal about 1,000 feet below the inverted siphon 
crossing lao Valley and about haK a mile above Wailuku. This weir 
was built jointly by the Wailuku Sugar Co. and the Hawaiian Com- 
mercial & Sugar Co. The weir records for 1911 have been furnished 
by the Wailuku Sugar Co. 

This weir measures the amount of water used by the Wailuku Sugar 
Co. on its Waikapu lands from 4 a. m. to 6 p. m. daily. From 6 p. m. 
to 4 a. m. daily the weir records the total flow of the canal which after 
passing over the weir is turned into Spreckels ditch for the use of the 
Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waihee canal at weir near Wailuhu, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Not. 


Dec. 


1 


51 

55 
55 
55 
51 

52 
53 
52 
53 
55 

55 
53 
51 
53 
54 

54 
33 
44 
45 
45 

42 

42 
41 
49 
45 

45 
55 
52 
46 
44 
45 


45 
54 
53 
54 
58 

53 
49 

41 
35 

25 
38 
49 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
45 

44 
45 
45 
49 
35 

36 
37 
36 


34 

34 
36 
37 
37 

49 
48 
49 
53 
54 

55 
57 
50 
48 
« 

49 

54 

54 





40 
34 
12 
40 
44 

47 
47 
10 
44 
52 
45 


44 
13 

2.5 


37 

46 
46 
46 
47 
46 

43 

41 
41 
42 
42 

10 
51 
56 
56 
48 

43 
34 
4 
39 
52 

SO 
48 
46 
44 
12 


42 
56 

52 
47 
48 

48 
6 
42 
51 
50 

47 
48 
56 
61 
59 

67 
58 
59 
56 
57 

62 
63 

57 
54 
54 

69 
57 
68 
60 
65 
62 


60 
60 
62 
63 
62 

60 

64 
58 
58 
60 

57 
58 
58 
68 
58 

60 
58 
62 
60 
62 

61 
59 
61 
66 
63 

68 
66 
67 
67 
63 


60 
59 
56 
60 
62 

56 

.50 
56 
66 
58 

61 
61 
58 
56 
57 

62 
60 
51 
48 
54 

54 
53 
61 
54 
49 

46 
46 
45 
46 
69 
47 


58 
56 
49 
52 
49 

59 
46 
46 
SO 
48 

55 
60 
65 
53 
50 

56 
57 
56 
60 
64 

46 
44 
46 
62 
64 

62 
65 
47 
53 
53 
54 


53 
47 
56 
56 
49 

46 
66 
69 
65 
57 

65 
59 
53 
47 
52 

49 
67 
62 
62 
57 

59 
63 
64 
62 
69 

62 
60 
63 
61 
58 


51 
57 
59 
61 
62 

62 
62 
59 
63 
60 

59 
48 
41 
55 
62 

63 
66 
56 
54 


53 
63 
54 
52 
62 

58 
53 
56 
66 
66 
53 


56 
56 
56 
62 
68 

69 
58 
63 
60 
61 

59 
64 
72 
69 
68 

62 
67 
68 
71 
62 

65 
68 
68 
68 
65 

67 

71 
67 
62 


69 


2 


56 


3 


68 


4 


56 


5 


56 


6 


65 


7 


62 


8 


67 


9 


59 


10 


69 


11 


59 


12 


60 


13 


63 


14 


68 


15 


69 


16 


66 


17 


62 


18 


69 


19 ; 


62 


20 


69 


21 


69 


22 


57 


23 


57 


24 


62 


25 


61 


26 


o 61 


27 


o 61 


28 


a 61 


29 


a 61 


30 


a 61 


31 


o 61 







a Record missing; discharge estimated. 
Note.— Daily discharge computed by the Geological Survey from records of head on a 14-foot weir. 



206 WATEK RESOUKCES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Waihee canal at weir near Wailuku, Maui, for 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



49.2 
42.5 
40.7 
37.7 
53.3 
59.3 
54.5 
54.4 
57.6 
54.7 
62.1 
60.8 



52.3 



3,030 
2,360 
2,500 
2,240 
3,280 
3,530 
3,350 
3,340 
3,430 
3,360 
3,700 
3,740 



37, 900 



SPRECKELS DITCH NEAR WAIHEE, MATTI. 

Spreckels ditch diverts water from the south side of Waihee 
Stream about 3 miles above Waihee at 225 feet lower elevation than 
the Waihee canal. 

The station was established on this ditch November 17, 1910, at a 
point about 50 feet above the chute where water from Waihee canal 
enters the ditch. 

A staff gage graduated in tenths of feet on the right, or mauka, side 
of the ditch is used for obtaining gage heights. 

The records at this point show the amount of water diverted from 
Waihee Stream at the second intake downstream. 

Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch near Waihee, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Nov. 7 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
6.3 
5.9 

6.0 
6.0 
11.2 
6.2 
8.0 


Sq.ft. 
3.6 
4.1 

4.0 
6.6 
8.2 
3.5 
4.0 


Feet. 

0.15 

.90 

.80 

1.50 

1.00 

.19 

.25 


Sec.-ft. 
2 


Dec. 29 




24 3 


1911. 
Jan. 27 


Martin and Pierce 


22 6 


Mar. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


58.0 


Aug. 26 
Nov. 27 


J. B . Stewart 


31.0 


...do 


2 16 


Dec. 21 


do 


3.61 









Note. — Measurements made at various sections. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



207 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Sprechels ditch near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Joaquin Santos, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 




1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.25 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.0 

.4 
.4 
.4 
.6 
.5 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


0.4 
.1 
.25 
.35 
.1 

.1 

1.4 
1.6 
1.8 
1.4 


0.65 


2 










.8 


3 










.9 


4 










1.5 


5 










1.8 


6 










1.8 


7 






1.6 
.4 
.1 
.1 




1.7 


8 








1.4 


9 








1.4 


10 








1.4 












.8 











Day. Ja 


n. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


8 

8 

65 

8 

8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
6 
6 
6 

6 

8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 

8 
8 
8 
8 
8 
8 


0.8 
1.3 
1.3 
1.6 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
2.4 
2.4 
1.8 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
.5 
1.4 

.9 
.9 
.9 


0.9 

i 

.9 
.9 

1.0 
1.0 

.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.6 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.7 
.8 

.8 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

.6 

.6 
1.65 
1.7 
.8 
.6 
.8 


.8 

.95 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

.7 

-.7 
.8 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 
1.3 
2.4 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 

1.8 
1,2 
1.8 
1.6 
1.4 


0.9 
1.8 

.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 

1.6 

1.6 

1.0 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.2 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

.8 
.8 

.9 
.8 
1.0 
1.4 
1.6 
1.4 


1.3 
1.3 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.3 
1.2 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.7 
1.2 


0.8 
.8 
1.0 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.0 
1.2 
1.2 

1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.9 
2.0 
2.0 

1.95 
.6 
.6 
.9 
.9 

■i 

.9 
1.0 
1.0 

.9 
.9 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 


1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.3 

.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 
1.3 
1.7 

1.7 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.85 
1.7 
1.75 

1.8 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.7 

1.0 
1.0 
.9 
1.6 
1.7 
1.7 


1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.7 
1.7 
1.8 
1.8 

1.9 
2.0 
2.0 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.85 
1.7 
3.0 

2.6 
2.4 
2.2 
2.2 
2.4 

2.5 

2.4 
2.6 
2.7 
2.8 


1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.9 
2.1 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 

1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.7 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 


1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.5 

1.4 

1.2 

1.2 

.6 

.4 

.25 

.2 

1.25 

1.2 

.6 

.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 

1.0 
1.6 
1.3 
1.4 
1.5 

1.4 
1.4 
1.8 
1.8 
1.7 


0.2 


2 


.3 


3 


.2 


4 


.2 


5 


.4 


6 


.4 


7 


.6 


8 


.6 


9 


.6 


10 


.7 


11 


.8 


12 


.6 


13 


.8 


14 


.8 


15 


.8 


16 


.8 


17 


.4 


18 


.4 


19 


.6 


20 


.3 


21 


.35 


22 


.6 


23 


.4 


24 


.3 


25 


.05 


26 


.1 


27 


.05 


28 


.0 


29 

30 


.05 
.3 


31 


.8 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sprechels ditch near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 




53 
53 
53 
53 
44 

41 
41 
41 
41 
41 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




41 
41 
41 
41 
31 

7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

14 

10 


21. 
22. 
23 


1910. 


7.2 
1.0 
3.6 
5.8 
1.0 

1.0 
53 
65 
77 
53 


16 


2 










22 


3 










26 


4 








24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 




59 


5 










77 


6 










77 


7 






65 
7.2 
1.0 
1.0 




71 


8 








53 


9 








53 


10 








63 












22 











208 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Sprechels ditch near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


22 


22 


28 


22 


26 


47 


22 


31 


71 


77 


65 


22 


47 


26 


28 


77 


47 


22 


31 


71 


77 


65 


16 


47 


26 


36 


18 


53 


31 


31 


71 


77 


65 


22 


65 


26 


36 


18 


53 


41 


47 


77 


77 


59 


22 


77 


26 


36 


18 


53 


41 


22 


77 


77 


59 


22 


77 


31 


IS 


18 


53 


41 


22 


77 


83 


53 


22 


77 


31 


18 


18 


53 


31 


22 


71 


95 


41 


22 


113 


22 


22 


18 


53 


41 


22 


71 


77 


41 


22 


113 


22 


18 


65 


41 


41 


47 


77 


77 


14 


22 


77 


22 


18 


65 


41 


53 


71 


77 


71 


7.2 


22 


47 


22 


18 


31 


41 


53 


71 


83 


71 


3.6 


22 


47 


22 


22 


53 


53 


53 


77 


89 


65 


2.6 


14 


47 


22 


22 


S3 


53 


83 


77 


89 


65 


44 


14 


47 


14 


22 


53 


41 


89 


77 


77 


65 


41 


14 


47 


10 


22 


53 


41 


89 


77 


77 


65 


14 


14 


47 


10 


22 


53 


41 


86 


77 


77 


65 


7.2 


22 


47 


10 


47 


53 


63 


14 


77 


77 


65 


7.2 


22 


47 


10 


113 


53 


63 


14 


80 


80 


71 


7.2 


22 


47 


18 


77 


47 


41 


26 


71 


71 


65 


7.2 


22 


47 


22 


77 


41 


41 


26 


74 


149 


65 


7.2 


22 


47 


22 


77 


31 


41 


26 


77 


125 


65 


31 


22 


47 


53 


77 


31 


47 


26 


71 


113 


65 


65 


22 


47 


53 


77 


31 


41 


26 


65 


101 


65 


47 


. 22 


10 


53 


77 


22 


47 


31 


65 


101 


65 


53 


22 


53 


14 


71 


22 


47 


31 


71 


113 


65 


59 


22 


26 


14 


77 


26 


47 


26 


31 


119 


65 


53 


22 


26 


68 


41 


22 


41 


26 


31 


113 


65 


53 


22 


26 


71 


77 


31 


41 


22 


26 


125 


65 


77 


22 




22 


65 


63 


71 


22 


65 


131 


65 


77 


22 




14 


53 


65 


41 


22 


71 


137 


65 


71 


22 




22 




63 




22 


71 




65 





Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 60 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Sprechels ditch near Waihee, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


1910. 
November 17-30 


77 
77 


1.0 
7.2 


24.4 
39.7 


678 
2,440 


A. 


December 


A. 






1911. 


22 
113 
71 
113 
77 
71 
89 
80 
149 
95 
77 
22 


14 
10 
10 
18 
18 
41 
14 
22 
71 
65 
2.6 
.0 


20.8 
52.4 
26.6 
46.2 
39.3 
47.2 
38.0 
66.4 
92.9 
69.8 
39.9 
9.82 


1,280 
2,910 
1,640 
2,750 
2,420 
2,810 
2,340 
3,470 
5,530 
4,290 
2,370 
604 


A. 




B. 


March 


A. 




B. 


May 


A. 


June 


A. 


July 


A. 


August 


B. 


September 


B. 


October 


B. 




B. 


December 


A. 






The year 


149 


0.0 


44.7 


32,400 









SPRECKELS DITCH AT WAIALE WEIR, NEAR WAILTTKTT, MATTI. 

A 16-foot Cippoletti weir has been placed on this ditch just above 
the point where it empties into the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar 
Co.'s reservoir. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



209 



The water in this ditch is used by the Wailuku Sugar Co. and the 
Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. in equal amounts, exclusive of 
kuleana ^ water. From 6 p. m. to 4 a. m. daily this weir measures 
all the water received by the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. from 
West Maui, including all of Spreckles ditch and Waihee canal which 
joins it a few hundred feet above. In addition to the water in 
Waihee canal and Spreckels ditch, which comes from Waihee Stream, 
the water received from South Waiehu Stream and from a small 
flume and development tunnel from lao Stream passes over this 
weir. The records for 1910-11 have been furnished by the Hawaiian 
Commercial & Sugar Co. 

Mean daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at Waiale weir, near Wailuku, 

Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


30 


42 


33 


47 


30 


55 


22 


27 


28 


50 


20 


36 


29 


40 


33 


49 


69 


23 


26 


28 


82 


22 


30 


31 


67 


46 


35 


45 


25 


34 


45 


68 


22 


28 


30 


60 


31 


47 


40 


63 


76 


50 


67 


23 


25 


30 


64 


26 


43 


57 


34 


59 


26 


42 


22 


17 


28 


50 


25 


56 


25 


32 


60 


31 


42 


23 


10 


18 


42 


41 


76 


39 


35 


48 


28 


42 


30 


13 


23 


37 


70 


38 


37 


23 


33 


23 


46 


24 


23 


24 


33 


41 


48 


37 


20 


47 


21 


45 


19 


20 


26 


33 


45 


44 


33 


20 


37 


22 


27 


31 


26 


30 


32 


31 


36 


32 


22 


36 


22 


26 


30 


35 


29 


36 


27 


31 


29 


36 


42 


22 


26 


19 


24 


20 


35 


26 


28 


42 


24 


74 


22 


23 


20 


27 


17 


35 


24 


27 


24 


27 


73 


23 


21 


20 


18 


27 


36 


25 


33 


41 


77 


37 


22 


21 


21 


20 


:3 


36 


25 


34 


25 


65 


30 


27 


20 


23 


15 


30 


35 


62 


31 


27 


73 


26 


33 


20 


48 


22 


28 


36 


45 


34 


43 


41 


27 


25 


21 


27 


32 


22 


57 


42 


38 


24 


43 


26 


25 


21 


22 


29 


28 


70 


48 


40 


30 


29 


72 


24 


23 


21 


28 


22 


57 


38 


25 


40 


20 


81 


26 


24 


24 


24 


39 


45 


31 


26 


34 


21 


52 


35 


27 


21 


30 


22 


58 


42 


28 


42 


22 


61 


36 


25 


31 


21 


30 


54 


78 


27 


22 


21 


50 


59 


24 


43 


20 


28 


56 


43 


24 


22 


23 


62 


32 


22 


24 


20 


30 


79 


51 


22 


22 


39 


45 


32 


22 


25 


25 


34 


61 


42 


23 


26 


38 


45 


28 


21 


40 


18 


34 


65 


38 


24 


20 


28 


34 


38 


23 


62 


26 




50 


36 


23 


30 


26 


31 


53 


22 


81 


26 




32 


32 


28 


28 


38 


31 


81 


20 


57 


37 




36 




78 




41 


30 




20 





20 


51 


34 


43 


43 


58 


58 


40 


38 


65 


40 


21 


73 


32 


42 


72 


81 


58 


48 


47 


70 


40 


24 


76 


31 


40 


50 


76 


51 


37 


47 


75 


40 


36 


76 


32 


38 


37 


66 


68 


43 


66 


76 


39 


34 


66 


36 


37 


46 


72 


41 


38 


46 


76 


38 


37 


64 


36 


34 


43 


68 


50 


31 


40 


66 


40 


35 


66 


32 


33 


59 


73 


40 


32 


60 


74 


37 


39 


74 


33 


36 


42 


63 


37 


32 


54 


68 


45 


34 


73 


32 


39 


66 


61 


50 


50 


42 


45 


34 


37 


54 


39 


28 


68 


78 


57 


40 


54 


45 


36 


38 


29 


28 


38 


47 


65 


76 


46 


84 


46 


36 


39 


34 


28 


41 


45 


54 


69 


52 


75 


44 


36 


41 


37 


27 


44 


80 


68 


50 


72 


52 


44 


67 


33 


40 


25 


32 


66 


67 


52 


42 


37 


43 


79 


21 


39 


26 


28 


68 


52 


54 


38 


41 


46 


64 


23 


36 


25 


45 


62 


63 


90 


58 


39 


44 


39 


37 


34 


31 


61 


50 


58 


43 


72 


51 


60 


42 


30 


31 


40 


70 


54 


67 


38 


60 


68 


45 


44 


34 


36 


70 


63 


55 


64 


37 


71 


44 


46 


39 


35 


32 


61 


60 


67 


64 


41 


46 


80 


43 


35 



Dec. 



1910 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 , 

30 , 

31 , 

1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 , 

8 

9 , 

10 

11 

12 , 

13 

14 , 

15 , 

16 

17 , 

18 , 

19 , 

20 , 



36 
37 
44 

37 
27 
27 
42 
38 

39 
44 
60 
44 
40 

33 
36 
32 
28 
29 

27 
41 
28 
48 
58 

57 
50 
36 
37 
42 
33 

30 
31 
31 
37 
33 

32 
26 
40 
26 
29 

27 
26 
30 
41 

28 

28 
22 
17 
27 
18 



74323°— wsp 318—18- 



-14 



210 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 



Mean daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckles ditch at Waiale weir, near Wailuku, 
Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


21 


36 
37 
30 
34 
36 

37 
41 
44 
41 
38 
52 


29 
28 
30 
46 
38 

36 
44 
40 


54 
46 
41 
44 
53 

46 
39 

44 
40 
57 
42 


68 
36 
51 
28 
72 

69 
70 
64 
39 

57 


83 
84 
74 
60 
41 

47 
52 
56 
61 
70 
67 


70 
60 
52 
52 
76 

58 
50 
66 
49 
40 


35 
34 
38 
49 
30 

32 
32 
29 
30 
31 
34 


33 
31 
32 

46 
60 

75 
42 
36 
58 
74 
52 


65 
72 
85 
87 
62 

72 
71 
78 
70 
70 


45 
46 
47 
45 
45 

47 
43 
38 
40 
40 
40 


55 
57 
64 
63 
39 

34 
39 
92 
45 
32 


20 


22 


19 


23 


17 


24 


19 


25 


22 


2G 


21 


27 

28 

29 


25 
15 
24 


30 


33 


31 . 


36 







Note. — Dally discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Siu-vey from records furnished by the 
Hawaiian Commerieal & Sugar Co. 

Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at Waiale weir, near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-oflf 

(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

Jurie 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



82 



92 



10 



24.4 
28.0 
46.7 
39.7 
36.3 
34.7 
33.9 
45.2 
32.2 
31.4 
29.5 
39.1 



35.2 



34.6 
46.9 
38.8 
46.9 
68.5 
63.0 
46.3 
48.0 
58.9 
51.1 
46.3 
26.3 



1,500 
1,560 
2,870 
2,360 
2,230 
2,060 
2,080 
2,780 
1,920 
1,930 
1,760 
2,400 



25,400 



2,130 
2,600 
2,390 
2,790 
3,600 
3,750 
2,850 
2,950 
3,500 
3,140 
2,750 
1,650 



47.1 



34, 100 



WAIEHU STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Waiehu basin lies on the eastern slope of West Maui, south of 
Waihee basin and north of lao basin. It is a short basin wedged in 
between Waihee and lao, being about 5 miles long and 1 to 2 miles 
wide. There are two principal branches of the main stream which 
are called North Waiehu and South Waiehu. Water is diverted from 
both branches for irrigation through several ditches at various levels. 

Gaging stations have been established on North and South Waiehu 
streams, and on the upper North Waiehu ditch. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



211 



NORTH WAXEHTT STREAM NEAR WAILTTKIT, MATH. 

A station was established on North Waiehu stream January 31, 
1911, about Similes west of Waiehu and about 1 mile above the cross- 
ing of Waihee canal. 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot, is located on the left bank 
in a slightly inclined position, and is used for obtaining gage heights. 
The discharge at this point gives the total flow of the stream exclusive 
of the amount diverted through the upper North Waiehu ditch. 

Discharge measurements of North Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



Gaee 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 
Nov. 15 
Dec. 28 

1911. 
Jan. 30a 
Apr. 1 
Aug. 30 
Oct. 11 
Nov. 28 
Deo. 21 



C. H. Pierce 

Pierce and Schulz. 



do 

C. H. Pierce.. 
S. B. Stewart. 

do 

do 

do 



Feet. 
5.3 

7.8 



7.8 
4.2 
4.1 
2.0 



Sq.ft. 
2.8 
9.0 



9.7 
2.1 
3.0 
.76 



Feet. 

0.45 

.65 



2.00 
1.14 
1.33 
1.02 
1.82 
1.38 



Sec-ft. 
2.22 
3.89 



2.47 

3.96 

2.73 

7.2 

4.62 



o Gage reset at different section and datum. 
Note. — Measurements made at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of North Waiehu Stream near Wailuhu, Maui, for 1911. 

[Honda, observer.] 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Slar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.3 

1.85 

1.8 

1.8 

1.9 

2.0 

1.85 

1.8 

2.05 

2.35 

1.55 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.5 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
2 45 
1.6 

1.4 
1.8 
1.85 


"i.'e" 

1.6 
1.6 
1.5 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.6 
1.45 

1.5 
1.5 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 

1.4 

1.4 

.6 

.6 
1.05 
.6 


0.6 
.7 
.7 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.8 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.9 

.8 
1.9 

.8 
1.5 

1.0 

1.95 

.85 

.8 
.85 


0.8 
1.5 
.8 

.8 
.8 

.8 

.8 

.8 
1.6 
1.6 

.9 
.9 

1.4 

1.85 

1.0 

.9 
.9 
.8 
.8 
1.75 

.9 
.9 

.8 
.7 
.7 

.8 

.8 

.8 

2.15 

1.45 

1.1 


0.9 
1.5 
1.5 
1.2 
1.5 

.85 
1.25 
.8 
.8 
1.4 

1.1 
1.2 
1.3 
1.4 
1.3 

1.65 

1.3 

1.25 

1.3 

1.35 

1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.4 

1.3 
1.3 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 


1.4 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.8 
1.5 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.4 
1.3 

1.26 
1.25 
1.3 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.3 
1.3 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 


1.25 

1.3 

1.25 

1.5 

1.25 

1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 
1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1.3 

1.25 

1.25 

1.25 

1.35 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.15 

1.15 

1.1 

1.2 

1.1 

1.4 

1.15 

1.15 

2.05 

1.5 

1.25 


L2 

1.5 

1.25 

1.35 

1.35 

1.26 

1.3 

1.36 

1.36 

1.35 

1.4 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 

1.1 

1.1 

1.4 

1.15 

1.85 

1.8 

1.5 

2.25 

1.3 

1.1 

1.65 

1.1 

1.45 

1.45 

1.7 


L35 

1.15 

1. 15 
1.15 


1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.1 

1.1 

1.5 

1.15 

1.1 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.25 

1.2 

1.2 

1.15 

1.15 

1.15 
1.2 
1.6 
1.15 
1.15 


1.15 


2 




1.15 


3 




1.15 


4 




1.15 


5 




1.15 


6 




1.15 


7 




1.15 


8 




1.16 


9 




1.15 


10 




1.15 


11 




1.15 


12 




1.1 


13 




1.1 


14 




1.15 


15 




1.2 


16 




1.1 


17 




1.1 


18 




1.15 


19 




1.15 


20 




1.15 


21 




1.25 


22 




1.1 


23 




1.1 


24 




1.15 


25 




1.15 


26 




1.1 


27 




1.1 


28 




1.15 


29 




1.15 


30 






1.15 


31 


2.0 




1.15 







212 WATEE RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of North WaUhu Stream near Wailuhu, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




4.0 
7.6 
7.2 
7.2 
7.9 

8.7 
7.6 
7.2 
9.1 
12 

5.4 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
5.1 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
12 
5.8 

4.5 
7.2 
7.6 


a6.7 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 
5.1 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
5.8 
4.8 

5.1 
5.1 
4.5 
5.1 
5.1 

4.5 
4.5 
1.4 
1.4 
2.9 
1.4 


2!o 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.3 
2.0 
7.9 
ZO 
5.1 

2.7 
8.3 
2.2 
2.0 
2.2 


2.0 
5.1 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 

2.0 
2.0 

5.8 
5.8 

2.3 
2.3 

4.5 
7.6 
2.7 

2.3 
2.3 
2.0 
2.0 
6.8 

2.3 
2.3 
2.0 
1.7 
1.7 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
9.8 
4.8 
3.1 


2.3 
5.1 
5.1 
3.5 
5.1 

2.2 
3.8 
2.0 
2.0 
4.5 

3.1 
3.5 
4.0 
4.5 
4.0 

6.2 
4.0 
3.8 
4.0 
4.2 

4.5 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.5 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
3.8 
3.8 


4.5 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

7.2 
5.1 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.5 
4.0 
3.8 
3.8 
4.0 

3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

4.0 
4.0 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 


3.8 
4.0 
3.8 
5.1 
3.8 

3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

3.8 
3.8 
4.0 
3.8 
3.8 

3.8 
4.2 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.3 
3.3 
3.1 
3.5 
3.1 

4.5 
3.3 
3.3 
9.1 
5.1 
3.8 


3.5 
5.1 
3.8 
4.2 
4.2 

3.8 
4.0 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.5 
4.0 
3.5 
3.5 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
4.5 
3.3 
7.6 

7.2 
5.1 
10 
4.0 
3.1 

6.2 
3.1 

4.8 
4.8 
6.5 


4.5 
3.5 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
4.2 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.5 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.3 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.3 

3.3 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 


3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
5.1 
3.3 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.8 
3.5 
3.5 
3.3 
3.3 

3.3 
3.5 
5.8 
3.3 
3.3 


3 3 


2 




3 3 


3 




3 3 


4 




3 3 


5 




3 3 


6 




3 3 


7 




3 3 


8 




3 3 


9 




3 3 


10 




3 3 


11 




3.3 


12 




3.1 


13 




3 1 


14 




3.3 


15 




3.5 


16 




3.1 


17 




3.1 


18 




3 3 


19 




3.3 


20 




3.3 


21 




3.8 


22 




3.1 


23 




3 1 


24 




3.3 


25 




3.3 


26 




3.1 


27 




3.1 


28 




3 3 


29 




3.3 


30 






3.3 


31 


8.7 




3.3 







o Discharge interpolated. 
Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 2 and 10 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of North Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



January 31. 
February.. 

March 

A pril 

May 

June 

July 

Augrust 

September . 
October . . . 
November. 
December., 



12 
6.7 
8.3 
9.8 
6.2 
7.2 
9.1 

10 
4.5 
5.8 
3.8 



4.0 
1.4 
1.4 
1.7 
2.0 
3.8 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 



8.70 
6.27 
4.49 
2.32 
3.20 
3.92 
4.07 
3.95 
4.54 
3.22 
3.36 
3.27 



17.3 
348 
276 
138 
197 
233 
250 
243 
270 
198 
200 
201 



The period a. 



12 



1.4 



3.87 



2,570 



a For 335 days, Jan. 31 to Dec. 31. 
NORTH WAIEHU DITCH NEAR WAILUKU, MAUI. 

North Waiehu ditch diverts water from the north side of North 
Waiehu Stream about half a mile above the station on the stream. 
A gaging station was estabUshed on this ditch at a point opposite 
the station on the stream December 1, 1910. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



213 



A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the left side 
of a wooden flume and is used for obtaining gage heights. This 
station is directly above the station on North Waiehu Stream and so 
placed that results are not influenced by leakage from the ditch 
below the gage. 

To obtain the total flow of North Waiehu Stream, add the discharge 
at this station to the discharge at the station on the stream. 

Discharge measurements of North Waiehu ditch near Wailuku, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
heignt. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Nov. 15 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
2.0 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 


Sq.ft.^ 
1.7 

1.8 
1.9 
1.6 
1.8 


Feet. 

0.85 

.80 

.90 
.86 
.81 
.90 


Sec.-ft. 
3.37 


Dec 28 




4.12 


1911. 
Apr. 1 
Aug. 30 
Oct. 11 


C. H. Pierce 


4.97 


J.B.Stewart 


4.23 


.do 


3.22 


Nov. 28 


do 


4.13 









Note. — Measurements made in flume at various ssctions. 
Daily gage height, in feet, of North Waiehu ditch near Wailuku, Maui, iu 1910-11. 

[Honda, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


0.8 

.75 
.75 
.8 
.4 


1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


0.8 


2 . 


12 




22 


.8 


3 


13 




23 


.8 


4 


14 




24 .. .. 


.8 


5 


15 




25 


.8 


6 


16 


0.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 


26 


.8 


7 




17 


27 


.8 


8 




18 


28 


.8 


9 




19 


29 


.8 


10 




20 


30 


.35 








31 


.35 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. Se 


pt. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


0.35 
.35 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.65 

.65 

.65 

.6 

.6 

.65 

.6 

.6 

.6 

.6 

.6 
.7 






0.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 
.9 

.9 
.9 

.9 
.9 
.9 

.9 
.9 
.9 
.6 
.6 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 


0.7 
.75 

.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.75 

.« 

.8 

.8 

.75 

.75 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.6 
.6 
.8 


0.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.65 
.65 
.65 
.65 
.7 


0.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.8 
.8 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 


0.7 
.7 

.7 

.75 

.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 


8 
85 
8 
85 
85 

85 
85 
85 
85 
85 

9 

85 
8 
8 
8 

8 

8 

85 

8 

95 


0.7 
.75 
.75 
.75 
.75 

.75 
.85 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 


0.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 

.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 

.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 

.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 


0.85 


2 






.85 


3 






.85 


4 


0.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.65 

.65 

.65 

.65 

.6 

.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 


"o.h" 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 

.55 
.55 


.85 


5 


.85 


6 


.85 


7 


.85 


8 


.85 


9 


.85 


10 


.85 


11 


.9 


12 


.85 


13 


.85 


14 


.85 


15 


.85 


16 


.85 


17 


.85 


18 


.85 


19 




.85 


20 




.8 



214 



WATEE BESOUKCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of North Waiehu ditch near Wailuhu, Maui, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 




0.6 
.6 
.6 
.7 
.65 

.6 
.3 


0.5 
.5 
.5 
.65 
.5 

i 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.9 


0.7 

.7 
.75 
.7 
.7 

.7 

.75 

.75 

.7 

.7 


0.7 
.65 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.7 
.6 
.6 


0.7 

.65 
.65 
.65 

.7 

.65 

.65 

.65 

.7 

.7 


0.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 


0.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

.85 

.8 

.8 

.9 

.9 

.8 


0.95 
.9 

1.0 
.9 
.85 

.9 

.85 

.9 

.9 

.9 


0.8 

.8 
.8 
.75 

.8 

.8 
.8 

:l 

.8 
.8 


0.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 

.85 

.85 

.9 

.85 

.85 


0.85 


22 




.85 


23 




.85 


24 




.85 


25 




.85 


26 




.85 


27 




.85 


28 




.85 


29 






.85 


30 






.85 


31 






.85 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of North Waiehu ditch near Waihtku, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 


3.1 
2.7 
2.7 
3.1 

.8 


11.... 


1910. 




21... 


1910. 


3.1 


2 


12 




22 


3.1 


3 


13 




23 


3.1 


4 


14 




24 


3.1 


5 


15 




25 


3 1 


6 


16 


3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 


26 


3 1 


7 




17 


27 


3.1 


8 




18 


28 


3.1 


9 




19 


29 


3 1 


10 - - 




20 


30 


.6 










31 


.8 









Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1911. 



0.6 
.6 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.7 
1.7 

2.0 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 

1.7 
2.3 



1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1,7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
2.3 
2.0 

1.7 
.5 



1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.4 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.1 



4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 

4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 

4.1 

4.1 
4.1 
1.7 
1.7 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.7 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.7 
2.7 
2.3 
2.3 



2.3 
2.7 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.7 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
2.7 
2.7 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
1.7 
1.7 
3.1 

2,3 

2.0 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
2.3 
1.7 
1.7 



1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.3 

2.3 
2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.3 

2.0 
2.0 
2.0 
2.3 
2.3 



2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

3.1 
3.1 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 



2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.7 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 
2.3 

2.3 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.6 
3.1 
3.1 
4.1 
4.1 
3.1 



3.1 
3.6 
3.1 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

4.1 
3.6 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.6 
3.1 

4.8 

4.8 
4.1 
5.4 
4.1 
3.6 

4.1 
3.6 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 



2.3 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 
2.7 

2.7 
3.6 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
2.7 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 



3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
4.1 
3.6 
3.6 



3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

4.1 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.1 

3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.6 



Note.— DaUy discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 
Charge is given the ditch was not carrying water. 



On days when no dis- 



ISLAND OP MAUI. 215 

Monthly discharge of North Waiehu ditch near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 




1910. 


3.1 


0.6 


2.71 


113 


C. 




1911. 






2.3 
2.3 
4.8 
4.1 
3.1 
2.3 
3.1 
4.1 
5.4 
3.6 
4.1 
4.1 


.6 
.5 
1.2 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
2.3 
2.3 
3.1 
2.3 
3.6 
3.1 


1.68 
1.74 
1.73 
3.08 
2.25 
1.90 
2.35 
2.78 
3.72 
3.01 
3.62 
3.60 


57 
83 
93 
183 
138 
113 
144 
171 
221 
185 
215 
221 


D. 




D. 


March <* 


D. 


April 


C. 


May 


c. 




c. 


July 


c. 


August 


c. 


September 


c. 


October 


c. 




c. 


December 


c. 




'iod « 




Thepe 


5.4 


.5 


2.68 


1,820 










a For 21 days, Dec. 1-5 and 1(5-31. 
b For 17 days, Jan. 1-17. 
c For 24 days, Feb. 4-27. 




d For 27 days. Mar. 5-31. 
( For 343 days. 





SOUTH WAIEHTT STREAM NEAR WAILUKU, MAUI. 

A gaging station was established on South Waiehu Stream at the 
intake of the upper ditch about 3 miles northwest of Wailuku Novem- 
ber 17, 1910. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the up- 
stream face of the concrete head gate at the intake. 

The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the stream. 

Discharge measurements of South Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Nov. 15 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
3 
3 

3 
3 


Sq.ft. 
1.4 
1.6 

1.5 
1.5 


Feet. 
0.40 
0.55 

6 1.05 
1.20 
1.37 
1.03 
2.27 


Sec.-ft. 
3.36 


Dec. 28 


Pierce and Schulz ... .... 


5.5 


1911. 
Jan. 3o 


do 


4.35 


Apr. 1 
Aug. 30 
Oct. 11 


C.H.Pierce 


6.8 


J. B. Stewart 


7.7 


...do 


3 

7 


1.8 
6.2 


5.8 


Nov. 28'; 


do 


11.6 









« New gage installed at difierent location and datum. 
6 Old gage height was 0.50. 

c Measurement by wading in stream above ditch intake; 
which carries total flow of stream except at high stages. 



all other measurements in wooden flume 



216 



WATER KESOUECES OP HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of South Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[T. Burlem, observer.l 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




1.0 
.8 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
.95 


11.. 


1910. 




0.9 

.8 
.7 

:fj 

.4 1 
.4 1 
.4 1 
.4 ! 
.45 


21.. 
22.. 
23.. 
24.. 
25.. 

26.. 
27.. 
28.. 
29 . 


1910. 


0.4 
.4 
.4 
.75 
.4 

.45 
.45 
.7 
1.0 
1.0 


0.5 


2 




12.. 
13.. 
14.. 
15.. 








.5 


y 










.5 


4 










.55 


5 










.7 


6 




16 






.7 


7 




17 


0.65 
.45 
.4 
.4 




.55 


8 




18.. 
19.. 
20.. 






.5 


9 








.7 


10 






30 


.8 










31.. 




.75 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 




1.2 

1.8 

l.G 

2.45 

1.5 

2.3 

1.35 

1.85 

2.4.T 

2.95 

1.45 

1.3 

1.3 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
3.5 

1.85 
1.2 
2.4 


2.35 

1.35 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.2 

1.85 

1.45 

1.45 

1.4 

1.7 

1.4 

1.3 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
2.7 
1.4 
1.4 


1.2 

1.45 

1.30 

1.4 

1.4 

1.2 
1.2 
1.65 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.5 
2.0 
2.0 

2.75 

1.7 

1.3 

1.2 

1.3 

1.8 
2.4 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 




1.2 
1.9 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
3.8 
2.9 

1.6 

1.8 

1.95 

3.0 

1.3 

1.2 
1.2 
1.3 
1.4 
1.2 

1.2 
1.4 
1.5 
1.3 
1.2 

2.2 

3.0 

2.5 

3.75 

1.4 

1.25 


1.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
3.0 

1.4 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.2 

1.7 
1.4 
1.4 
1.3 
1.2 

1.4 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.4 

1.4 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.3 
1.3 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.4 

1.7 
2.6 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.8 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.5 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.8 
1.2 
1.2 
2.5 
1.7 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.7 

1.9 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.4 
1.3 
2.05 

3.4 

1.85 

4.0 

3.5 

2.45 

3.0 

2.95 

1.5 

1.45 

3.45 


1.6 
1.5 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 

1.6 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 


1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.75 
1.9 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.3 
1.4 
1.4 

\:t 

1.4 
1.4 
1.6 
2.0 
1.8 


1.2 


2 




1.2 


3 


1.3 
2.0 
3.0 

2.05 
1.45 
1.10 
1.15 
1.25 

1.4 

1.0 
1.0 
0.9 
1.0 

1.05 

3.2 

1.5 

1.5 

1.25 

1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.7 
2.0 

2.0 
2.0 
3.2 
2.1 

1.35 
1.2 


1.2 


4 


1.2 


5 


1.2 


G 


1.2 


7 


1.2 


8 


1.2 


9 


1.2 


10... 


1.2 


11 


1.2 


12 


1.2 


13 


1.2 


14 


1.2 


15 


1.2 


16 


1.2 


17 


1.2 


IS 


1.3 


19 


1.2 


20 


1.2 


21 


1.2 


22 


1.2 


23 


1.2 


24 


1.2 


25 


1.2 


26 


1.2 


27 


1.2 


28 


1.2 


29 


1.2 


30 


1.2 


31 


1.2 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Waiehu Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11, 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




13 
9.5 
13 
13 
13 

13 
13 
13 
13 
12 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




11 
9.5 
7.8 
7.0 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
4.0 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
8.6 
3.4 

4.0 
4.0 
7.8 

13 

13 


4.7 


2 










4.7 


3 










4.7 


4 










5.2 


6 










7.8 


6 










7.8 


7 






7.0 
4.0 
3.4 
3.4 




5.2 


8 








4.7 


9 








7.8 


10 








9.5 












8.6 











ISLAND OF MAUI. 



217 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Waiehu Stream near Wailuhu, Maui, for 

1910-11— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


a 8.1 

07.7 

7.3 

16 

60 

IS 
8.5 
6.2 
6.4 
7.0 

8.0 
5.7 
5.7 
5.3 
5.7 

6.0 

74 
9.0 
9.0 
- 7.0 

6.7 
6.2 
6.2 

11 

16 

16 
16 

74 

19 
7.6 
6.7 


6.7 
12 
10 
32 

9.0 

25 
7.6 
13 
32 
57 

8.5 
7.3 
7.3 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
97 

13 

6.7 
29 


27 
7.6 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
13 
8.5 

8.5 
8.0 
11 
8.0 
7.3 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
44 
8.0 
8.0 


6.7 
8.5 
7.3 
8.0 
8.0 

6.7 
6.7 
10 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
9.0 

16 

16 

46 
11 

7.3 
6.7 
7.3 

12 

29 
7.3 
6.7 
6.7 


6.7 
14 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
120 
54 

10 
12 
15 

60 
7.3 

6.7 
6.7 
7.3 
8.0 

6.7 

6.7 
8.0 
9.0 
7.3 
6.7 

22 

60 

34 
116 
8.0 
7.0 


8.0 
7.3 
7.3 
6.7 
60 

8.0 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
8.0 
8.0 
6.7 
6.7 

11 

8.0 
8.0 
7.3 
6.7 

8.0 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
8.0 

8.0 
7.3 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
7.3 
7.3 

8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
6.7 
8.0 

11 

39 
7.3 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
12 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
9.0 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

12 
6.7 
6.7 

34 

11 
6.7 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
11 

14 

8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
8.0 
7.3 
18 

89 
13 
135 
97 
32 

60 

57 
9.0 
8.5 

93 


10 
9.0 
7.3 
6.7 
6.7 

10 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 

12 

14 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

7.3 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

8.0 
8.0 

10 

16 

12 


6.7 


2 


6.7 


3 


6.7 


4 


6.7 


5. 


6.7 


6 


6.7 


7. 


6.7 


8 


6.7 


9 


6.7 


10 


6.7 


11 


6.7 


12 


6.7 


13 


6.7 


14 


6.7 


15 


6.7 


16 


6.7 




6.7 


18 


6.3 


19 


6.7 


20 


6.7 


21 


6.7 


22 


6.7 


33 


6.7 


24 


6.7 


25 


6.7 


26 


6.7 


27 


6.7 


28 


6.7 


29 


6.7 


30 


6.7 




6.7 







o Discharge interpolated. 

Note. — Daily discharge computed from rating curves fairly well defined between 4 and 8 second-feet. 
Above 10 second-feet the discharge is obtained by taking sum of flow in ditch and flow over broad crested 
weir and is only approximate. 

Monthly discharge of South Waiehu Stream near Wailuhu, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

November 17-30 

December , 

1911. 

January , 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



74 

97 

44 

46 
120 

60 

39 

34 
135 

10 

14 
7.3 



135 



3.4 
3.4 



5.3 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 



5.3 



5.84 
8.15 



15.0 
16.0 
9.23 
10.1 
21.3 
9.10 
8.11 
8.14 
25.2 
7.01 
8.00 
6.72 



11.9 



162 
501 



922 
889 
668 
601 

1,310 
541 
499 
501 

1,500 
431 
476 
413 



8,650 



218 WATEK RESOUKCES OF HAWAII. 

lAO STREAM BASIN. 
g-R-KTR T^AT. FEATUBES. 

lao basin is situated on the eastern slope of West Maui, south of 
Waiehu basin and north of Waikapu basin. It is a deep basin with 
almost vertical walls which widen out toward the upper end to form 
a sort of amphitheater tableland lying about 4,000 feet below the 
summit of Puu Kukui, the highest point on West Maui. lao Valley 
is the most striking topographic feature in West Maui, and is fre- 
quently described as the Yosemite of Maui. (See PL VIII, A.) 

The basin is 7 or 8 miles long, about 2 miles wide, and has an area 
of approximately 15 square miles. The upper part is contiguous to 
Waihee basin on the north, Kahoma, Kauula, and Laniupoko on the 
west, and Olowalu on the south. 

The main stream has several tributaries or branches. It derives 
water also from several development tunnels which have been driven 
in the upper part of the basin. 

Water is diverted from lao Stream through several ditches on each 
side at various levels. 

Gaging stations have been estabUshed on the main stream above 
aU diversions and on Maniania ditch, which is the largest diversion 
from the stream. 

lAO STREAM TSTEAB. WAILUKU, MATTI. 

A gaging station was established on lao Stream at a point 2.9 miles 
above Wailuku, May 7, 1910. The "station is below the two main 
branches of the stream and above the intake of the highest ditch at 
an elevation of 810 feet. 

A Friez weekly clock register is used to obtain gage heights, indi- 
vidual readings being made by a chain gage attached to the clock 
register house. 

Measurements are made from a cable or by wading at low stages. 
Ordinarily the stream is 25 to 40 feet wide and the total range in 
stage is 6 or 7 feet. 

The discharge at this poiat gives the total flow above all diversions. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 219 

Discharge measurements of lao Stream near Wailuhu, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
heignt. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Oct. 8 


Martin and Pierce 


Ftet. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 
4.25 

6 3.02 
3.58 
3.00 
3.04 
2.97 
2.91 
4.40 
3.09 
4.40 
5.30 
3.00 
3.06 
4.35 
4.60 
3.71 

4.22 
2.88 
2.80 
3.10 
2.85 
3.50 
3.00 
3.10 
2.93 


Sec.-ft. 
a 12 


21 


C.H.Pierce 


25 

27 

25.5 

26.1 

26 

25 

34.5 

26 

35 

36 

31.3 

31.3 

36 

36 

33.5 

35.5 

31.5 

31.5 

31.5 

18.5 

32.5 

34 

33 

31.5 


27.9 

43.5 

25.6 

27.9 

24.5 

23.3 

94 

27.5 

94 

126 
51 
51 
94 

104 
73 

90 

73 

73 

83 

61 

89 

32 

39.8 

31.1 


29.4 


22 


do 


76 


27 


.do. 


24.8 


28 


do 


30.5 


31 


do 


22.8 


Nov. 16 


. .do 


21.2 


17 


do 


183 


26 


.do 


30 


28 


. . .do 


189 


29 


do .. 


429 


Dec. 22 


.do. 


44.3 


24 


. . .do 


45 


26 


do 


247 


26 


.do 


296 


30 




122 


1911. 
Jan. 4 


...do 


192 


Mar. 26 




31.3 


27 


.do 


31.5 


31 




49.4 


Apr. 12 

Aug. 31 
Sept. 19 
Oct. 9 


do 


30.5 


J. B. Stewart 


89 


... .do 


53 


do 


58 


Nov. 25 


do. , 


38.3 









o Discharge is the difference between measurement of stream below Culvert Creek and flow of creek which 
was estimated at 2.5 second-feet. 
* Weir removed Oct. 20, causing change of section. 

NoTK.— Measurement of Nov. 17, 1910, and those from Nov. 28, 1910, to Aug. 31, 1911, made at regular 
section; all others by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of lao Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[F. Q. Duarte, observer.] 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 












1.1 
1.85 


4.8 


4.9 

4.85 
5.55 
5.95 
5.6 

5.5 
4.5 

4.55 
4.8 
4.55 

4.55 

4.75 

5.1 

4.95 

4.65 

4.5 

4.4 

4.35 

4.4 

5.75 

5.9 

4.85 

4.6 

4.9 

5.3 

4.75 

4.75 
4.55 
4.50 
4.55 


""5.'6" 
4.9 
4.6 

4.5 
4.45 

"4_4" 
4.3 

3.95 

3.95 

3.9 

3.9 

3.85 

3.9 

3.9 

3.95 

3.9 

3.85 

3.85 

3.95 

4.0 

4.4 

4.3 

4.1 

"ios' 

4.95 
5.7 


4.6 
5.75 
5.2 
4.9 
4.75 

4.7 

4.85 

4.7 

4.4 

4.2 

4.1 

4.2 

4.0 

3.95 

3.85 

3.8 
3.8 
3.75 
3.75 
3.0 

2.95 

3.3 

3.35 

3.15 

3.1 

3.1 

3.05 

3.1 

3.0 

3.0 

2.95 


2.95 
2.95 
2.95 
2.95 
2.95 

2.95 

3.0 

2.95 

2.95 

3.35 

3.1 

2.95 

2.95 

2.9 

2.9 

3.1 

3.7 
3.25 
3.2 
3.1 

3.15 

3.05 

3.45 

3.7 

3.15 

3.1 

3.35 

3.7 

4.9 

4.3 


5.0 


2 












6.25 


3 . .. 












4.45 


4 












1.0 
1.2 

.85 

1.1 

1.05 
.95 
.85 

1.1 


'"4.' 35" 
4.3 

4.4 
4.5 
4.3 
4.45 


3.95 


5 












4.35 


6 












5.65 


7 










1.8 
1.25 
1.5 
1.35 

1.2 
1.0 

.9 
1.05 

.9 

1.3 
1.05 
1.15 
1.1 
.95 

.9 

.85 
.85 
.8 
.75 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 
1.25 
2.75 


4.7 


8 










3.9 


9. 










3.55 


10 










3.4 


11 










3.25 


12 










3.15 


13 










3.1 


14 










3.0 


15. ... 










2.95 


16 










.75 
1.2 

.9 

.75 
1.3 

1.3 
1.15 
4.95 
4.85 
4.8 

4.75 
4.65 
4.6 
4.8 
4.8 


5.45 
5.2 
5.0 
5.0 
4.7 

"'■i.'is' 

4.75 
4.6 
4.45 
4.4 
4.8 
5.1 


2.95 


17 










2.9 


18 










2.9 


19 










2.95 


20 










2.9 


21 










2.95 


22 










3.1 


23 










2.95 


24 










3.4 


25 










3.25 


26 










4.0 


27 










3.25 


28 










2.9 


29 










3.3 


30 










3.45 


31 










3.85 



220 WATER RESOURCES OP HAW An. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of lao Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


3.45 
3.25 
3.2 
3.9 
4.4 

3.8 
3.4 
3.2 
3.15 
3.5 

3.95 

3.8 

3.7 

3.25 

3.15 

3.15 

3.75 

3.5 

3.7 

3.65 

3.5 

3.3 

3.2 

4.05 

4.1 

4.0 

4.5 

5.4 

4.1 

3.75 

3.9 


3.8 
4.6 
4.55 
3.6 
3.9 

4.0 
4.1 
4.6 
5.0 
5.6 

4.6 
4.1 
3.9 
3.7 
3.65 

3.6 
3.6 
3.55 
3.55 
3.55 

3.55 
3.55 
3.55 
4.05 
4.1 

4.3 

4.7 
4.25 


3.9 
3.6 
3.4 
3.0 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.95 
2.95 
2.95 
3.25 
2.95 

2.95 
2.95 
2.95 
3.0 
3.3 

2.9 

2.85 
2.8 
2.8 
3.45 
3.15 


3.0 
3.0 
3.1 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 

2.85 
2.85 
2.80 
2.8 

2.85 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 
2.75 

3.1 

3.6 
3.95 
3.9 
3.8 

4.3 
3.9 
4.0 
4.0 
4.2 

4.3 

3.9 

3.75 

3.4 

3.65 


3.35 

3.8 

3.45 

3.3 

3.35 

3.3 

3.15 

3.25 

4.0 

4.05 

3.55 

3.6 

3.5 

4.1 

4.1 

3.8 

3.45 

3.4 

3.3 

3.25 

3.8 

4.45 

3.85 

3.5 

3.35 

3.45 

3.3 

3.15 

3.5 

3.8 

3.55 


3.35 

3.9 

4.3 

4.2 

4.45 

3.9 
4.3 
3.9 
3.9 

4.1 

3.6 
3.9 
3.9 
3.8 
3.55 

3.75 
3.6 
3.65 
3.55 
3.7 

3.8 

3.5 

3.35 

3.3 

3.3 

3.3 

3.3 

3.3 

3.15 

3.1 


3.5 

3.35 

3.4 

3.5 

3.3 

3.6 

3.3 

3.45 

3.55 

3.35 

3.3 

3.35 

3.25 

3.45 

3.35 

3.5 

3.25 

3.2 

3.15 

3.35 

3.2 

3.15 

3.1 

3.1 

3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 


3.3 

3.3 

3.15 

3.3 

3.2 

3.1 

3.1 

3.15 

3.35 

3.2 

3.3 
3.4 
3.7 
3.3 
3.3 

3.8 
4.0 
3.8 
4.1 
3.4 

3.2 

3.15 

3.1 

3.7 

3.85 

3.7 
3.3 
3.2 
4.2 
4.0 
3.5 


3.35 

3.4 

3.3 

3.5 

3.25 

3.2 

3.6 

3.55 

3.3 

3.6 

4.7 

3.9 

3.5 

3.35 

3.35 

3.3 

3.45 

3.7 

3.25 

3.9 

3.9 
4.0 
4.5 
4.0 
3.7 

4.2 
3.95 
4.25 
3.95 
4.4 


3.9 

3.55 

3.5 

3.45 

3.35 

3.4 

3.7 

3.25 

3.1 

3.05 

3.0 

2.95 

2.95 

2.9 

2.9 

2.9 
3.0 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 

"'i's" 

2.8 
2.75 
2.75 
2.75 


2.75 
2.75 
2.75 
2.75 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
2.9 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
2.8 
3.4 
3.8 
3.2 

3.0 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.2 

3.50 

3.25 

3.25 

3.0 

2.85 

3.1 

3.7 

3.05 

2.95 


2.9 


2 


2.8 


3 


2.8 


4 


2.8 


5 


2.8 


6 


2.9 


7 


2.95 


8 


3.2 


9 


2 9 


10 


2.85 


11 


2.8 


12 


2.8 


13 


2.85 


14 


2.85 


15 


3.3 


16 


2.95 


17 


3.0 


18 


3.2 


19 


3.3 


20 


2.95 


21 


2.9 


22 


2.85 


23 


2.8 


24 


2.8 


25 


2.75 


26 


2.7 


27 


2.95 


28 


3.0 


29 


3.0 


30 


2.95 


31 


2.85 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of lao Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 












47 
101 
o70 
40 
53 

31 
47 
43 
37 
31 

47 
o42 
a 38 
a 34 
o30 

26 
53 
34 
26 
59 

59 
49 
100 
86 
80 

74 
62 
56 
80 
80 


80 
o80 
a 70 
a 70 
a60 

50 

o40 

o30 

29 

24 

34 
45 
24 
40 
alio 

182 
138 
107 
107 
68 

o68 
o60 
o50 
O40 
40 

74 
56 
40 
34 
80 
122 


93 

86 

202 

288 

212 

192 
45 
50 
80 
50 

50 
74 
122 
100 
62 

45 
34 
29 
34 
402 

446 
178 
128 
188 
282 

157 
157 
119 
110 
119 
a 120 


120 

o210 

210 

188 
128 

110 
102 
a 100 
94 
79 

34 
34 
29 
29 
24 

29 
29 
34 
29 
24 

24 
34 
40 
94 
79 

52 
50 

46 
199 
388 


128 
402 
257 
188 
157 

147 
178 
147 
94 
65 

52 
65 
40 
34 
24 

20 
20 
16 
16 
26 

24 
45 
49 
35 
32 

32 
29 
32 
26 
26 
24 


24 
24 
24 
24 
24 

24 
26 
24 
24 
49 

32 
24 
24 
21 
21 

32 
81 
42 
38 
32 

35 
29 
58 
81 
35 

32 
49 
81 
307 
166 


337 


2 












772 


3 












196 


4 












110 


5 












176 


6 












553 


7 










96 
56 
73 
63 

53 
40 
34 
43 
34 

59 
43 
49 
47 
37 

34 
31 
31 
29 
26 

23 
23 
23 
23 
56 
182 


253 


8 










142 


9 










94 


10 










77 


11 










62 


12 










54 


13 










50 


14 










43 


15 










40 


16 










40 


17 










37 


18 










37 


19 










40 


20 










37 


21 










40 


22 










50 


23 










40 


24 










77 


25 










62 


26 










159 


27 










62 


28 










37 


29 










67 


30 










83 


31 










134 



o Discharge interpolated. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 221 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of lao Stream near Wailuhu, Maui, for 1910-11 — Contd. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


83 

62 

58 

142 

244 

127 

77 
58 
54 
88 

150 
127 
113 
62 
54 

54 
120 

88 
113 
106 

88 

67 

58 

168 

178 

159 
269 
556 
178 
120 
142 


127 
296 
282 
100 
142 

159 
178 
296 
420 
624 

296 
178 
142 
113 
106 

100 

100 

94 

94 

94 

94 

94 

94 

168 

178 

221 
324 
210 


142 
100 

77 
43 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
37 

40 
40 
40 
62 
40 

40 
40 
40 
43 
67 

37 
34 
32 
32 
83 
54 


43 
43 

50 
37 
37 

37 
34 
34 
32 
32 

34 
37 
32 
32 
30 

50 
100 
150 
142 
127 

221 
142 
159 
159 
199 

221 
142 
120 
77 
106 


72 
27 
83 
67 
72 

67 
54 
62 
159 
168 

94 
100 

88 
178 
178 

127 
83 
77 
67 
62 

127 
256 
134 

88 
72 

83 
67 
54 
88 
127 
94 


72 
142 
221 
199 
256 

142 
221 
142 
142 

178 

100 
142 
142 
127 
94 

120 
100 
106 
94 
113 

127 
88 
72 
67 
67 

67 
67 
67 
54 
50 


88 
72 
77 
88 
67 

100 
67 
83 
94 

72 

67 
72 
62 
83 
72 

88 
62 
58 
54 
72 

58 
54 
50 
50 
43 

43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


67 
67 
54 
67 
58 

50 
50 
54 
72 
58 

67 
77 
113 
67 
67 

127 
159 
127 

178 
77 

58 
54 
50 
113 
134 

113 
67 
58 
199 
159 
88 


72 
77 
67 
88 
62 

68 

100 

94 

67 

100 

324 
142 
88 
72 
72 

67 
83 

113 
72 

146 

146 
163 
273 
163 
118 

203 
154 
214 
154 
248 


146 

100 

95 

90 

80 

85 
118 
72 
59 
55 

51 

48 
48 
44 
44 

44 
51 
44 
43 
43 

43 
o43 
043 
043 
o37 

o37 
37 
35 
32 
32 
32 


32 
32 
32 
32 
34 

34 
34 
40 
34 
34 

34 
34 

78 
128 
58 

43 

58 
43 
43 
43 

58 
88 
62 
62 
43 

34 
50 
113 
46 
40 


37 


2 


32 


3 


32 


4 


32 


5 


32 


6 


37 


7 


40 


8 


58 


9 


37 


10 


34 


11 


32 


12 


32 


13.. 


34 


U 


34 


15 


67 




40 


17 


43 


18 


58 


19 


67 




40 


21 


37 


22 


34 


23 


32 


24 


32 


25 


30 


26 


28 


27 


40 


28 


43 


29 


43 


30 


40 


31 


34 







a Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— Daily discharge from May 7 to June 22, 1910, obtained by using gage heights as head on 12-foot 
weir. From June 23 to Aug. 19, 1910, daily discharge is based on three estimates^ and from Aug. 20 to 
Oct. 19, 1910, on two miscellaneous measurements and two estimates. (See list of miscellaneous 
measurements.) Beginning Oct. 20 daily discharge is computed from rating curves applicable as follows: 
Oct. 20 to Dec. 7, 1910, well defined between 25 and 450 second-feet; Dec. 8, 1910, to Sept. 18, 1911, and 
from Nov. 25, 1911, to Dec. 31, 1911, well defined between 25 and 300 second-feet; Sept. 19, 1911, to Oct. 9, 
1911, fairly well denned between 50 and 300 second-feet; Oct. 9 to Nov. 24, 1911, indirect method for shifting 
channels. 

Monthly discharge of lao Stream near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofi 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



-31. 



May 'i 

June 

July 

August 

September . 
October . . . 
November. 
December. 



182 
101 
138 
446 
388 
402 
307 
772 



48.3 
53.8 
66.2 

137 
88.1 
78.4 
49.6 

128 



2,400 
3,200 
4,070 
8,420 
5,240 
4,820 
2,950 
7,870 



The period . 



39,000 



January 

February. . . 

March , 

April.. 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December. 



1911. 



556 
624 
142 
221 
256 
256 
100 
199 
324 
146 
128 
67 



The year . 



128 

190 
48.2 
88.6 

102 

119 
64.9 
88.7 

127 
57.2 
49.9 
39.1 

91.1 



7,870 
10,600 
2,960 
5,270 
6,270 
7,080 
3,990 
5,450 
7,560 
3,520 
2,970 
2,400 

65,800 



222 



WATEE RESOUKCES OP HAWAII. 



HASriAinA DITCH ITEAR WAILtTKTT, MATTI. 

Maniania ditch diverts water from the north side of lao Stream at 
a point about 2^ miles above Wailuku and one-fourth mile below the 
gaging station on the stream. About a mile below the intake this 
ditch divides, one branch crossing the valley in a pressure pipe for 
use on the south side of the valley, the other branch remaining on 
the north side. 

A gaging station was established in the flume below the road cross- 
ing and above the point where the ditch divides, November 14, 1910. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the left side 
of the flume. 

The discharge at this point shows the amount of water diverted by 
the ditch exclusive of kuleana water returned to the stream above 
the station during certain hours of the day. 

This ditch is the principal diversion from lao Stream, although 
several smaller ditches take out water at lower elevations. 



Discharge measurements of Maniania ditch near Wailuku, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Oct. 21 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
3.25 
3.25 
3.25 
3.25 
3.25 
3.25 
3.30 
3.25 

3.20 
3.30 


Sq.ft. 
6.06 
5.42 
5.64 
5.20 
5.53 
5.03 
5.78 
5.20 

5.18 
6.27 


Feet. 
1.80 
1.60 
1.75 
1.60 
1.70 
1.53 
1.68 
1.60 

1.55 
1.90 


Sec.-ft. 
26.3 


21 


do 


19.0 


31 


do 


20.9 


31 


do 


15.9 


Nov. 14 


do 


19.5 


14 


.. .do 


14 2 


26 


do 


21.1 


Dec. 26 


do 


19.1 


1911. 
Mar. 27 


do 


21.6 


Aug. 31 


J. B. Stewart 


32.2 







Note. — Measurements made in flume below gage. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Maniania ditch near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Frank Bestana, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day, 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1. 


1910. 




1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.40 
1.25 
1.00 
1.50 
1.40 


11.. 


1910. 




1.30 
1.35 
1.35 
1.70 
1.72 

1.68 
1.68 
1.40 
1.70 
1.65 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


1.74 
1.62 
1.72 
1.85 
1.75 

1.71 
1.66 
1.88 
1.60 
1.58 


1 62 


2... 




12 






1.75 


3 




13 






1 68 


4 




14 


1.53 
1.70 

1.60 
1.90 
1.86 
1.80 
1.61 




1.75 


5 




15 




1.52 


6... . 




16 




1.55 


7 




17 




1.75 


8. 




18 




1.75 


9 




19 




1.75 


10.. . 




20 




1.75 












1.62 











ISLAND OF MAUI. 223 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Maniania ditch near Wailuku, Maui, in 1910-11 — Contd. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10... 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



1.20 
1.25 
1.50 
1.50 
1.55 

1.52 
1.50 
1.20 
1.20 
1.30 

1.45 
1.45 
1.52 
1.52 
1.50 

1.50 
1.42 
1.40 
1.35 
1.35 

1.35 
1.20 
1.35 
1.35 
1.35 

1.35 
1.35 
1.35 
1.20 
1.35 
1.35 



1.35 
1.37 
1.50 
1.50 
1.40 

1.55 
1.50 
1.50 
1.52 
1.25 

1.20 
1.20 
1.35 
1.60 
1.60 

1.67 
1.67 
1.67 
1.60 
1.65 

1.66 
1.65 
1.65 
1.62 
1.30 

1.30 
1.30 
1.30 



1.50 
1.52 

1.52 
^52 
1.40 

1.67 
1.62 
1.62 
1.65 
1.66 

1.66 
1.60 
1.62 
1.62 
1.60 

1.62 
1.67 
1.67 
1.47 
1.50 

1.50 
1.60 
1.60 
1.65 
1.72 

1.60 
1.65 
1.61 
1.72 
1.72 
1.60 



1.60 
1.50 
1.60 
1.60 
1.59 

1.59 
1.58 
1.56 
1.50 
1.52 

1.55 
1.64 
1.56 
1.54 
1.50 

1.55 
1.72 
1.72 
1.72 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.60 
1.68 
1.65 

1.68 
1.68 
1.68 
1.68 
1.62 



1.70 

1.68 
1.72 
1.72 
1.72 

1.70 
1.65 
1.70 
1.70 
1.52 

1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.52 

1.65 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 

1.58 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.60 
1.65 
1.30 
1.30 



1.40 
1.68 
1.65 
1.45 
1.60 

1.62 
1.64 
1.64 
1.64 
1.60 

1.48 
1.62 
1.62 
1.65 
1.62 

1.64 

1.62 
1.55 
1.66 
1.66 

1.66 
1.68 
1.6S 
1.60 
1.55 

1.66 
1.64 
1.64 
1.65 
1.67 



1.67 
1.60 
1.67 
1.55 
1.67 

1.70 
1.-70 
1.72 
1.55 
1.72 

1.70 
1.69 
1.72 
1.72 
1.72 

1.48 
1.72 
1.75 
1.74 
1.72 

1.75 
1.75 
1.6T 
1.72 
1.70 

1.70 
1.70 
1.68 
1.68 
1.63 
1.66 



1.70 
1.76 
1.72 
1.78 
1.76 

1.68 
1.69 
1.72 

1.78 
1.77 

1.77 
1.78 
1.55 
1.78 
1.77 

1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.70 
1.72 

1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.76 

1.76 
1.72 

1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.78 



1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.74 

1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.78 
1.74 

1.74 
1.76 
1.75 

1.78 
1.78 

1.78 
1.72 
1.74 
1.81 
1.74 

1.74 
1.78 
1.74 
1.74 
1.76 

1.76 
1.76 
1.74 
1.74 
1.54 



1.20 
1.20 
1.50 
1.50 
1.30 

1.60 
1.60 
1.52 
1.70 
1.72 

1.75 
1.74 
1.74 
1.76 
1.72 

1.79 
1.79 
1.79 
1.79 
1.72 

1.72 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.70 

1.70 
1.69 
1.69 
1.64 
1.67 
1.68 



1.82 
1.78 
1.70 
1.75 
1.74 

1.75 
1.72 
1.81 
1.75 
1.71 

1.70 
1.70 
1.75 
1.84 
1.85 

1.84 

1.85 
1.88 
1.88 
1.69 

1.76 
1.76 
1.77 
1.50 
1.74 

1.74 
1.76 
1.82 
1.88 
1.81 
1.42 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Maniania ditch near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




17 
17 
17 
17 
17 

14 
11 
7 
16 
14 


1910. 
11 . . . 




12 
13 
13 
22 
23 

21 
21 
14 
22 
20 


1910. 
21 . . . 


23 
18 
22 
28 
24 

22 
21 
32 
19 
18 


19 
24 


2 




12 




22 


3 




13 . . . 




23 . . . 


21 


4... 




14 


15 
19 

16 
30 
27 
24 
17 


24 . . . 


24 
16 

17 


5 




15 . . . 


25 . . . 


6 




16 . . . 


26 . . 


7 




17 


27. . . 


24 


8 




18 . . . 


28 


24 


9... 




19... 

20 . . , 


29. . . 


24 
24 
91 


10 




30 








31 











224 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Maniania ditch near Wailuku, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


10 


13 


16 


19 


22 


14 


21 


22 


26 


10 


21 


11 


13 


16 


16 


21 


21 


19 


25 


26 


10 


20 


16 


16 


16 


19 


23 


20 


21 


23 


26 


16 


20 


16 


16 


16 


19 


23 


15 


17 


26 


26 


16 


20 


17 


U 


14 


18 


23 


19 


21 


25 


24 


12 


19 


16 


17 


21 


18 


22 


19 


22 


21 


26 


19 


21 


16 


16 


19 


18 


20 


20 


22 


22 


26 


19 


20 


10 


16 


19 


17 


22 


20 


23 


23 


26 


16 


22 


10 


16 


20 


16 


22 


20 


17 


26 


26 


22 


21 


12 


11 


21 


16 


16 


19 


23 


25 


24 


23 


20 


15 


10 


21 


17 


16 


16 


22 


25 


24 


24 


20 


15 


10 


19 


20 


16 


19 


22 


26 


25 


24 


19 


16 


13 


19 


17 


16 


19 


23 


17 


24 


24 


23 


16 


19 


19 


17 


16 


20 


23 


26 


26 


25 


26 


16 


19 


19 


16 


16 


19 


23 


25 


26 


23 


26 


16 


21 


19 


17 


20 


20 


16 


26 


26 


26 


26 


14 


21 


21 


23 


22 


19 


22 


26 


23 


26 


27 


U 


21 


21 


23 


22 


17 


24 


26 


24 


26 


26 


13 


19 


15 


23 


22 


21 


24 


22 


27 


26 


23 


13 


20 


16 


22 


22 


21 


23 


23 


24 


23 


25 


13 


20 


16 


22 


18 


21 


24 


26 


24 


23 


26 


10 


20 


16 


22 


22 


21 


24 


26 


26 


22 


26 


13 


20 


19 


19 


22 


21 


19 


26 


24 


22 


26 


13 


19 


20 


21 


22 


19 


23 


26 


24 


22 


27 


13 


12 


23 


20 


22 


17 


22 


25 


25 


22 


26 


13 


12 


19 


21 


22 


21 


22 


25 


25 


22 


23 


13 


12 


20 


21 


22 


20 


22 


23 


25 


22 


26 


13 


12 


19 


21 


19 


20 


21 


26 


24 


22 


27 


10 




23 


21 


20 


20 


21 


26 


24 


20 


29 


13 




23 


19 


12 


21 


. 20 


26 


17 


21 


29 


13 




19 




12 




21 


26 




21 





Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

.7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Note. — Daily discharge Nov. 14 to Nov. 25, 1910, computed by indirect method for shifting channels. 
From Nov. 26, 1910, to Dec. 31, 1911, daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 
15 and 35 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Maniania ditch near Wailuku, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

November 14-30 

December 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



22.1 
18.2 



13.5 
16.0 
18.8 
19.3 
19.8 
19.3 
21.5 
24.5 
24.8 
20.9 
23.7 
25.1 



20.6 



745 
1,120 



830 
889 
1,160 
1,150 
1,220 
1,150 
1,320 
1,510 
1,480 
1,290 
1,410 
1,540 



14,900 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



225 



WAIKAPU STREAM BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATTTRES. 



The Waikapu basin is on the southeast slope of West Maui, south 
of lao basin. It is a narrow, deep basin extending well back into 
the heart of the mountains and there receives a heavy rainfall. The 
stream is tributary to Maalaea Bay on the south side of the isthmus, 
but only storm water ever reaches the sea. 

Several development tunnels have been driven into the mountain 
side to increase the water supply. Water is diverted through several 
ditches at various elevations, the largest of which is the Upper or 
South Side ditch. Gaging stations have been placed on the main 
stream and on the upper ditches on each side. 

WAIKAPXT STREAM NEAR WAIEAPU, HAUL 

A gaging station was established November 25, 1910, on Waikapu 
Stream at a point about 2 miles above Waikapu and about 5 miles 
south of Wailuku. The station is below the intakes of South Side 
and Palolo ditches. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened on the right 
bank about 200 feet below the trail crossing and is used to obtain 
gage heights. 

The discharge at this station gives the flow of the stream below the 
South Side and Palolo ditches. 



Discharge measurements of Waikapu Stream near Waikapu, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 

section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Nov. 25 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
4.0 
12.0 

12.0 
13.6 
12.5 
7.2 
2.5 


Sq.ft. 
3.8 
15.4 

11.8 

28.5 

8.2 

4.1 

.76 


Feet. 
0.33 
1.45 

1.20 
2.30 
0.85 
0.65 
.37 


Sec.-ft. 
0.76 


Dec. 31 


Pierce and Schulz 


29.9 


1911. 


do 


15.6 


28 


Martin and Pierce 


126 


Mar. 31 


C. H. Pierce 


7.2 


Oct. 10 


J. B. Stewart .... 


3.02 


Dec. 1 


do 


.40 









Note.— Measurements made by wading at various sections. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 15 



226 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waikapu Stream near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Tanitsu, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1.. . 


1910. 


1.40 
2.52 
1.49 
1.49 
2.06 

2.63 
1.62 
1.42 
1.34 
1.32 


11.-.. 


1910. 


1.15 
1.18 
1.08 
1.02 
.62 

.58 
.52 
.52 
.52 
.52 


21.... 


1910. 


0.52 


2 


12 


22 


.52 


3 


13 


23 


.52 


4 


14 


24 


.60 


5 


15 


25 


.60 


6 


16 


26 


.60 


7 


17 


27 


.60 


8 . ...-. 


18 


28 


.60 


9 


19 


29 


1.05 


10 - 


20 


30 


1.08 








31 


1.75 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


0.95 
.72 
.72 

1.16 

1.75 

1.06 
.97 

.85 
.72 
.88 

.82 
.72 
.72 
.72 
.65 

.62 

.95 

1.21 

1.28 

1.22 

1.28 
1.15 
.96 
1.21 
1.36 

1.18 
1.25 
1.48 
1.26 
l.OS 
1.02 


1.02 
1.08 
1.08 
1.08 
1.08 

1.15 
1.08 
1.08 
1.21 
2.05 

1.40 

1.18 

1.00 

.95 

.85 

.85 
.70 
.70 
.70 
.62 

.60 

.60 

.60 

1.09 

1.28 

1.19 
1.40 
1.21 


1.30 

.88 
.72 
.72 
.70 

.70 
.62 
.60 
.60 
.55 

.52 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.92 
.79 
.72 
.62 

.55 
.52 
.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
1.22 
1.02 


0.78 
.65 
.60 
.60 
.60 

.60 
.60 
.60 
.55 
.52 

.52 
.52 
.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.81 
.90 
.85 
.80 

1.11 
1.15 
1.35 
1.26 
1.22 

1.33 
1.08 
.91 

.82 
.75 


0.65 
.65 
.72 
.65 
.65 

.65 
.65 
.65 
1.38 
1.42 

1.10 
.94 

.87 
1.41 
1.38 

1.29 
.90 
.80 
.80 
.75 

1.32 

1.08 

.90 

.79 

.74 

.80 
.63 
.61 
1.00 
1.15 
1.01 


0.80 
1.31 
1.51 
1.20 
1.28 

1.05 
1.19 
1.00 
1.14 
1.49 

1.05 
.95 
1.08 
1.14 
.91 

1.12 
1.09 
.96 
1.10 
1.08 

1.28 

1.04 

.91 

.78 

.94 

.78 
.70 
.91 
.75 
.68 


1.35 
.92 
.70 
.65 
.62 

.70 
.68 
.76 
.76 
1.00 

1.62 
1.31 
1.14 
1.14 
.90 

1.38 
.79 
.75 
.70 
.68 

.68 
.64 
.62 
.58 
.55 

.42 
.40 
.40 
.40 
.31 
.30 


0.34 
.40 
.38 
.45 
.45 

.39 
.38 
.35 
.35 
.35 

.38 
.41 
1.21 
.60 
.41 

.45 
1.02 

.91 
1.32 

.86 

.45 
.41 
.39 
.92 
1.25 

1.05 
.59 
.50 
1.46 
1.22 
.74 


0.61 
.69 
.59 
.46 
.44 

.40 
.64 
.59 
.41 
.45 

1.66 

1.18 

.62 

.48 

.60 

.45 
.46 
.99 
.58 
1.28 

.98 
1.32 
1.95 
1.25 
1.20 

2.20 
1.21 
1.55 
1.16 
2.29 


1.35 
1.00 
.71 
.70 
.52 

..■2 
1.32 
.84 
.72 
.65 

.62 
.54 
.52 
.51 
.48 

.48 
.49 
.45 
.41 
.38 

.38 
.44 
.35 
.34 
.34 

.38 
.34 
.34 
.32 
.32 
.31 


0.32 
.32 
.30 
.30 
.30 

.30 
.30 
.30 
.30 
.30 

.34 
.35 
.55 
1.11 
.44 

.48 
.30 
.30 
.32 
.31 

.50 
.51 
.68 
.34 
.30 

.30 
.36 
1.05 
.41 
.32 



0.35 


2 


.35 


3 


.35 


4 


.35 


5 


.35 


6 


.38 


7 


.35 


8 


.69 


9 


.44 


10 


.40 


11 


.40 


12 


.40 


13 


.41 


14 


.64 


15 


.51 


16 


.55 


17 


.46 


18 


.55 


19 


.44 


20 


.42 


21 


.40 


22 


.40 


23 


.38 


24 


.41 


25 


.42 


26 


.40 


27 


.40 


28 


.40 


29 


.38 


30 


.40 




.38 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waikapu Stream near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 


27 
158 
32 
32 
90 

175 
42 
28 
24 
23 


11 .. 


1910. 


16 
17 
13 
11 
2.8 

2.3 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 


21.... 


1910. 


1.7 


2 


12 


22 . 


1.7 


3 


13 


23 


1.7 


4 


14 


24 


2.5 


5 


15 


25 


2.5 


6 


16 


26 


2.5 


7 


17 . . 


27 ... 


2.5 


8 


18 


28 


2.5 


9 


19 


29 


12 


10 - 


20 


30 


13 








31 


53 









ISLAND OF MAUI. 



227 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waikapu Stream, near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11- 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


9.6 
4.4 
4.4 

16 

53 

13 

10 
7.0 
4.4 

7.7 

6.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
3.2 

2.8 
9.6 

18 

21 

18 

21 
16 
9.9 
18 
25 

17 
20 
32 
20 
13 
12 


12 
13 
13 
13 
13 

16 
13 
13 
18 
89 

27 

17 

11 
9.6 
7.0 

7.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
2.8 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

14 

21 

18 
27 
18 


22 
7.7 
4.4 
4.4 
4.0 

4.0 
2.8 
2.5 
2.5 
2.0 

1.7 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
8.8 
5.8 
4.4 
2.8 

2.0 
1.7 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

19 

12 


5.6 
3.2, 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.0 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
6.2 
8.3 
7.2 
6.0 

14 
16 
24 
20 
19 

23 

13 
8.5 
6.4 
5.0 


3.2 
3.2 
4.4 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 

26 

28 

14 
9.3 
7.4 

28 

26 

22 
8.3 
6.0 
6.0 
5.0 

23 

13 
8.3 
5.8 
4.8 

6.0 
2.8 
2.6 

11 

13 

11 


6.0 
22 
33 
18 
21 

13 

18 
11 
15 
33 

13 
9.6 
13 
16 

8.5 

15 
14 
9.9 
14 
13 

21 

12 
8.5 
5.6 
9.3 

5.6 
4.0 
8.5 
5.0 
3.7 


24 
8.7 
4.0 
3.2 
2.8 

4.0 
3.7 
5.2 
5.2 
11 

42 
22 
16 
16 
8.3 

26 
5.8 
5.0 
4.0 
3.7 

3.7 
3.1 
2.8 
2.3 
2.0 

1.2 
.9 
.9 
.9 
.4 
.4 


0.6 

.9 

.8 

1.2 

1.2 

.8 
.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.8 

1.0 

18 

2.5 

1.0 

1.2 
12 

8.5 
23 
7.2 

1.2 

1.0 

.8 

8.8 

20 

12 
2.4 
1.5 

30 

19 
4.8 


2.6 
3.8 
2.4 
1.3 
1.1 

.9 
3.1 
2.4 

1.0 
1.2 

45 

17 
2.8 
1.4 
2.5 

1.2 
1.3 

11 
2.3 

21 

11 
23 
76 
20 
18 

110 

18 

36 

16 
124 


24 

11 
4.2 
4.0 
1.7 

1.7 
23 
6.9 
4.4 
3.2 

2.8 
1.9 
1.7 
1.6 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.2 
1.0 

.8 

.8 
1.1 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.8 
.6 
.6 
.5 
.5 
.4 


0.5 
.5 
.4 
.4 
.4 

.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 

.6 
.6 

2.0 
14 

1.1 

1.4 
.4 
.4 
.5 
.4 

1.5 

1.6 

3.7 

.6 

.4 

.4 
.7 
12 
1.0 
.5 


0.6 


2 


.6 


3 

4 


.6 
.6 


5 


.6 


6 


.8 


7 


.6 


8 


3.8 


9 


1.1 


10 


.9 


11 


.9 


12 


.9 


13 ... 


1.0 


14 


3.1 


15 


1.6 


16 


2.0 


17 


1.3 


18 


2.0 


19 


1.1 


20 


1.0 


21 


.9 


22 


.9 


23 


.8 


24 


1.0 


25 


1.0 


26 


.9 


27 


.9 


28 


.9 


29 


.8 


30 


.9 


31 


.8 







Note. — Daily discharge determined from a rating curve well defined below 40 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Waikapu Stream near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Miaimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



December 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The vear 



53 
89 
22 
24 
28 
33 
42 
30 
124 
24 
14 
3. 



2.8 

2.5 

1.5 

1.5 

2.6 

3.7 

.4 

.6 

.9 

.4 

.4 

.6 



25.7 



13.7 
14.7 
4.27 
7.12 
10.1 
13.3 
7.72 
5.96 
19.2 
3.43 
1.60 
1.09 



8.46 



1,580 



842 

816 

263 

424 

621 

791 

475 

366 
1,140 

211 
95.2 
67.0 



6,110 



Note.— These estimates do not include water diverted by the South Side and Palolo ditches. 



228 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



SOTITH SIDE WAIKAPIT DITCH NEAR WAIKAPTT, MATH. 

The South Side ditch diverts water from Waikapu Stream above 
the gaging station on the stream. The station was established 
November 11, 1910, at a point a short distance above the upper 
Waikapu reservoir and 5 miles south of Wailuku. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the right 
bank and is used to obtain gage heights. 

Records show the amount of water diverted from the south side of 
the stream. A part of this water is dropped back into the stream 
below the gaging station on Waikapu Stream. 

Discharge measurements of South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Feet. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 


3.5 


2.4 


0.65 


3.6 


2.4 


0.60 


3.6 


2.6 


0.65 


3.8 


3.7 


1.02 


3.5 


3.0 


0.90 


4.6 


3.6 


0.85 


4.5 


3.0 


0.72 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 

Nov. 11 
12 
17a 

Deo. 31 

1911. 
Mar. 31 
Oct. 10 
Dec. 1 



C. H. Pierce 

do 

do 

Pierce and Schulz. 



C. H. Pierce.. 
J. B. Stewart. 
do 



Sec.-ft. 
4.81 
4.64 
5.8 
10.4 



7.2 
5.6 



o Gage height probably affected by gate. 
Note. — Measurements made at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Tanitsu, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 . 


1910. 




0.95 
.9 
.85 
.9 
.9 

1.0 

.8 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


0.6 
.6 
.7 
.8 
.7 

.65 
.65 
.65 
1.0 
.85 


0.7 


2 












.75 


3 












.7 


4 . ...-. 












.75 




.... 






0.8 

.8 

.8 

.75 

.75 

.75 




.75 


6 










.7 


7 










.7 


8 










.7 


9 












.85 


10. 












.9 
















.9 











ISLAND OF MATTL 



229 



Daily gage height, in feet, of South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



Jxily. 



Aug. 



Sept 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 , 

3 

4 , 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20. 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



0.7 

.7 
.7 
.7 



.85 
.95 
.85 
.95 



0.6 



85 



0.8 



0.8 

.85 



0.8 



.9 

.85 



0.9 
.9 
.85 

.85 
.85 

.85 

.85 

.9 

.9 

.9 



0.85 

.85 
85 
85 



85 



0.8 



.7 
.7 
1.05 



0.7 
.7 
.65 
.65 
.65 

.7 

.6 

.85 

.7 

.65 

.65 
.65 
.65 
.85 
.8 

.75 
.75 
.9 
.S 
.7 

.7 

.7 

.65 

.6 

.65 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.. 


1910. 




9.1 
8.2 
7.4 
8.2 

8.2 

10 
6.7 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






21.. 
22.. 
23.. 


1910. 


4.5 
4.5 
5.4 
6.7 
5.4 

5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
10 
7.4 


5 4 


2 












6.0 


3 












5 4 


4 










24.. 
25.. 

26.. 
27.. 
28.. 
29.. 
30.. 
31.. 




6.0 


5 








6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 




6 


6 










5 4 


7. 










5.4 


8 : 










5 4 


9 












7.4 


10 --- 












8 2 
















8.2 











230 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Side Waikapu ditch, near Waikapu, Maui, for 

1910-11— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

8.2 

7.4 
9.1 
7.4 
7.4 
8.2 

6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
8.2 
6.7 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.0 

7.4 
5.4 

5.0 
5.0 
6.7 
■ 5.0 
4.5 
4.5 


4.5 
6.7 
6.7 
8.2 

8.2 

8.2 
7.4 
7.4 
8.2 
8.2 

7.4 
7.4 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 

7.4 
7.4 


7.4 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
5.2 
7.4 
7.4 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
8.2 
6.7 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 
6.0 

6.0 
6.7 
7.4 
8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
6.7 
8.2 
7.4 
5.0 

7.4 
7.4 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.7 
7.4 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
9.1 
10 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
7.4 
7.4 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

8.2 
9.1 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
8.2 
7.4 
6.7 


6.7 

8.2 
8.2 
7.4 
8.2 

6.7 

8.2 
7.4 
8.2 
8.2 

7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 

7.4 
8.2 
7.4 
8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
7.4 
8.2 

8.2 
7.4 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 


8.2 
8.2 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 

7.4 
7.4 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
7.4 

8.2 
8.2 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 

7.4 
7.4 
6.7 
7.4 
6.7 

7.4 

7.4 
7.4 
7.4. 
7.4 
7.4 


7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
8.2 
7.4 
6.7 

7.4 
8.2 
7.4 
8.2 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
6.7 
6.7 
8.2 
8.2 
7.4 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 

6.7 

7.4 
8.2 
6.7 
6.7 

8.2 

8.2 
7.4 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
8.2 
6.7 
5.2 

7.4 

8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
8.2 
8.2 


8.2 
8.2 

8.2 
7.4 
6.7 

6.7 
8.2 
7.4 
7.4 
7.4 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
C.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
7.4 
8.2 
6.0 

5.4 
5.4 
5,4 
5.4 
5.4 

8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
6.7 
6.7 

5.4 

5.4 
11 
7.4 
6.7 


5 4 


2 


5.4 


3 


5.0 


4 


5 


5 


5.0 


6 


5 4 


7 


4 5 


8 


7.4 


9 


5 4 


10 


5.0 


11 


5.0 


12 


5 


13 


5.0 


14 


7.4 


15 


6.7 


16 


6.0 


17 


6.0 


18 


8.2 


19 


6.7 


20 


5.4 


21 


5.4 


22 


5.4 


23 


5 


24 


4.5 


25 


5.0 


26 


4.5 


27 


4.5 


28 


4.5 


29 

30 


4.5 
4.5 


31 


4.5 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined between 4 and 10 second-feet. The 
ditch was not carrying water during the period Dec. 8-14, 1910. 

Monthly discharge of South Side Waikapu ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month, 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


1910. 
November 21-30 


10 
10 


4.5 
5.4 


5.89 
6.86 


117 
326 


A. 


December 1-7 and 15-31 


A. 






1911. 
January 


9.1 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 

10 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 
8.2 

11 
8.2 


4.5 
4.5 
6.7 
6.0 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
5.4 
4.5 


6.28 
7.04 
6.87 
6.70 
7.15 
7.81 
7.63 
7.27 
7.47 
6.98 
6.37 
5.39 


386 
391 
422 
399 
440 
465 
469 
447 
444 
429 
379 
331 


A. 


February 


A. 


March 


A. 


April 


A. 


May 


A. 


June . . 


A. 


July 


A. 


August 


A. 


September 


A. 


October 


A. 


November 


A. 


December 


A, 






The year 


11 


4.5 


6.91 


5,000 









ISLAND OF MAUI. 



231 



PALOLO (EVERETT) DITCH NEAR WAIKAPTT, MATTI. 

Palolo ditch takes water from the north side of Waikapu Stream at 
a point about 1 mile below the upper South Side ditch, 

A gaging station was established on this ditch November 21, 1910, 
abou.t 200 feet below the intake. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the left bank 
and is used to obtain gage heights. 

The records at this station show the amount of water diverted on 
the north side above the gaging station on Waikapu Stream. 

Discharge measurements of Palolo ditch near Waikapu, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Feet. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 


3.4 


2.3 


0.94 


3.3 


2.2 


0.93 


3.3 


2.5 


1.03 


3.3 


2.3 


0.98 


3.6 


2.7 


1.00 


2.8 


0.9 


0.55 


5.3 


4.0 


1.05 


5.1 


3.9 


.98 



Dis- 
charge. 



1910. 
Nov. 11 
17 
Dec. 31 

1911. 
Jan. 5 
28 
Mar. 31 
Oct. 10 
Dec. 1 



C. H. Pierce 

do 

Pierce and Schulz . 



do 

Martin and Pierce. 

C. H. Pierce 

J. B. Stewart 

do 



Sec.ft. 
3.84 
4.14 
5.2 



4.37 
4.80 
1.07 
3.58 
3.50 



Note. — Measurements made at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Palolo ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Tanitsu, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 




0.95 
.95 
.84 
.85 
.91 

.85 
.80 
.66 
.58 
.60 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




1.08 

1.05 

.98 

.95 

.88 

.88 
.88 
.88 
.88 
.88 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 

27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 


0.90 
.90 
.96 
.91 
.90 

.90 
.91 
.90 
.95 
.92 


0.88 


2 










.90 


3 










.90 


4 










.90 


5 










.92 


6 










.92 


7 










.90 


8 










.90 


9 










.91 


10..- 










.92 














.99 











232 WATEE RESOUBCES OF HAW AH. 

Daily gage height, in feel, of Palolo ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


0.92 
.92 
.90 
.92 
.94 

.92 
.92 
.90 
.82 
.88 

.82 
.82 
.82 
.82 
.82 

.82 
.90 
.48 
.95 
.95 

.95 
.95 
.94 
.92 
.88 

.80 
.82 
.91 
.86 
.82 
.95 


0.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

"i.'io" 

1.10 

1.10 

.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 

.92 

.92 

1.09 

1.00 

1.00 
.99 
.96 


0.92 

.88 

.88 

1.00 

1.00 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.02 
1.00 
1.02 
.98 

.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 

.92 

1.04 

.52 


0.52 
.90 

.88 
.85 
.85 

.85 
.85 
.85 
.85 
.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.02 
1.02 
1.02 
1.05 

1.02 
.95 

.92 
.92 
.92 


0.92 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 

.95 

.95 

1.05 

1.08 

1.01 

.98 

.94 

1.00 

l.GO 

1.00 
.96 
.94 
.94 
.95 

1.00 

1.00 

.98 

.95 

.95 

.95 
.95 
.92 
.96 
1.00 
1.00 


0.98 
1.00 
1.01 
1.00 
.99 

.98 
1.00 

.98 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 

.99 
1.00 

.96 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

.99 
.98 

1.00 
.98 

1.00 


1.02 

1.00 

.99 

.98 

.96 

1.00 
.96 
.98 
.98 

1.00 

1.05 
1.02 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.04 
1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

.96 

.95 
.95 
.96 
.99 
1.00 

1.00 
.99 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
.99 


1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

.99 

.99 

.99 
.96 
.96 
.95 
.95 

.96 

.98 
1.01 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.05 
1.00 

1.00 
.99 
1.00 
1.04 
1.08 

1.02 
1.00 
1.00 
1.05 
1.04 
1.00 


1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

1.00 

.99 

.99 

1.09 
1.01 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.02 
1.00 
1.08 

1.04 
1.08 
1.08 
1.02 
1.00 

1.10 
1.05 
1.14 
1.04 
1.16 


1.02 
1.00 
1.00 
1.05 
1.02 

1.05 
1.05 
1.02 
1.05 
1.05 

1.04 
1.02 
1.02 
1.02 
1.00 

1.00 
1.01 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.02 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 


1.00 
.98 
.98 
.95 
.95 

.94 
.95 
.95 
.95- 
.95 

.95 

.95 

1.02 

1.12 

1.05 

1.06 
1.02 
1.02 
1.01 
1.02 

1.08 
1.09 
1.10 
1.02 
1.00 

1.00 
1.01 
1.11 
1.00 
.99 


98 


2 


.95 


3 


.95 


4 


.95 


5 


.95 


6 


.95 


7 


.95 


8 


1.06 


9 


1.02 


10 


1.00 


11 


.98 


12 


.98 


13 


.96 


14 


1.02 


15 


1.08 


IC 


1.08 




1 06 


18 


1.08 


19 


1.01 


20 


1 01 


21 


.98 


22 


98 


23 


.95 


24 


.98 


25 


99 


26 


.96 


27 


.95 


28 


.95 


29 


.95 


30 


.98 




.95 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Palolo ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 . 


1910. 




4.2 
4.2 
3.2 
8.2 
3.7 

3.2 
2.8 

1.8 
1.6 
1.5 


11. 
12. 
13. 

14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




5.8 
5.3 
4.7 
4.2 
3.7 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 


21. 

22.. 

23.. 

24.. 

25.. 

26.. 
27.. 
28.. 
29.. 
30.. 
31.. 


1910. 


3.7 
3.7 
4.2 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
4.2 
3.7 


3.7 


2 










3.7 


3 










3.7 


4 










3.7 


5 










3.7 


6 










3.7 


7 










3.7 


8 










3.7 


9 










3.7 


JO 










3.7 














4-7 











ISLAND OF MATJI. 233 

Daily discharge, in secand-fefX, of Palolo ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11 — Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
4.2 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
2.8 
3.7 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 

2.8 
3.7 
1.0 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
3.7 
3.7 

2.8 
2.8 
3.7 
3.2 
2.8 
4.2 


4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

aS.S 
5.8 
5.8 
5.8 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
3.7 
3.7 
5.8 

4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.2 


3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
3.7 
5.2 
1.0 


1.0 
3.7 
3.7 
3.2 
3.2 

3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
3.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
4.7 
5.2 

4.7 
4.2 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 


3.7 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.9 
5.5 

4.4 

4.4 
3.9 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
3.9 
3.9 

3.9 
3.9 
3.5 
3.9 
4.4 
4.4 


4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 

4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 
3.9 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 


4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
3.6 

4.0 
3.6 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.6 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

4.6 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 
3.6 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 


3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 

3.3 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
3.7 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
4.2 
3.7 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
4.7 
4.8 

3.7 
3.7 
3.7 
4.2 
4.2 
3.7 


3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

4.3 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
4.3 

3.8 
4.3 
4.3 
3.4 
3.4 

4.3 

3.8 
5.4 
3.8 
5.4 


3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.8 
3.4 

3.8 
3.8 
3.4 
3.8 
3.8 

3.8 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 


3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.4 
4.3 
3.8 

3.8 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
3.4 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
3.4 
3.4 

3.4 

3.4 
4.3 
3.4 
3.4 


3.4 


2 


3.0 


3 


3.0 


4 


3.0 


«^. 


3.0 


6 


3.0 


7 


3.0 


8 


3.8 


9 


3.4 


10 


3.4 


11 


3.4 


12 


3.4 


13 


3.0 


14 


3.4 


15 


4.3 


16 


4.3 




3.8 


18 


4.3 




3.4 


20 


3.4 


21 


3.4 


22 


3.4 


23 


3.0 


24 


3.4 


25 


3.4 


26 


3.0 


27 


3.0 


28 


3.0 


29 


3.0 


30 


3.4 


31 


3.0 







o Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— Daily discharge based on rating curves applicable as follows: Nov. 21, 1910, to Mar. 31, 1911, 
well defined; Apr. 1 to Oct. 9, 1911, indirect method for shifting channels; Oct. 10 to Dec. 31, 1911, fairly 
well defined. 

Monthly discharge of Palolo ditch near Waikapu, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



MftTiypntn Minim um, Mean, 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 

November 21-30 

December 

1911, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



4.2 

5.8 



4.2 
5.8 
5.2 
5.2 
5.5 
4.4 
4.6 
4.8 
5.4 
3.8 
4.3 
4.3 



3.7 
1.5 



1.0 



1.0 
1.0 
3.5 
3.9 
3.6 
3.3 
3.4 
3.4 
3.0 
3.0 



3.80 
3.52 



3.42 
4.50 
4.24 
3.99 
4.19 
4.18 
3.88 
3.74 
3.72 
3.48 
3.46 
3.35 



3.84 



75.4 
216 



210 
250 
261 
237 
258 
249 
239 
230 
221 
214 
206 
206 



2,780 



234 



WATEK EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



UKUMEHAME STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATXTRES. 

Ukiimeliame basin lies on the southwest slope of West Maui south 
of Olowalu basin and opposite the upper part of Waikapu on the other 
side of the island. It is about 1^ miles wide and 4 or 5 miles long. 

This basin is on the lee side of the island where the rainfall is com- 
paratively light except in the upper part. 

Water is diverted through several ditches for irrigation. A gaging 
station has been established on the main stream above all diversions. 

XTEUMEHAHE STREAM NEAR OLOWALU, MAUI. 

A gaging station was established on Ukumehame Stream about 
125 feet above the intake of the upper ditch August 14, 1911. 

A staflp gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the left bank 
and is used for obtaining gage heights. 

The Olowalu Sugar Co. cooperates in maintaining this station by 
having its ditchman read the gage. 

Discharge measurements of Ukumehame Stream near Olowalu, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
lieight. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 14 
Oct. 20 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
15.9 
13.2 


Sq.ft. 
14.3 
15.4 


Feet. 
0.70 
0.52 


Sec.-ft. 
9.1 


do 


8.2 









Note. — Measurements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Ukumehame Stream near Olowalu, Maui, for 1911. 

[E. Haneburg, observer.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.75 
.7 

.7 

.75 

.7 

.7 

.8 

.75 

.7 

.7 

1.05 

1.0 
.9 
.75 
.7 


0.9 
.7 
.7 
.65 
.7 

.6 

.8 
.7 
.65 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.55 
.55 


0.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.6 

.75 
.6 


0.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.6 
.75 


16 


0.7 

.8 

.8 

1.05 

.7 

.8 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.95 

.9 

.8 

.7 

.9 

.95 

.8 


0.7 

.7 
.85 
.8 
.95 

1.4 
.95 
.95 
.9 

.8 

1.0 
.8 
.95 
.8 

1.0 


0.55 
.55 
.55 
.55 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 
.5 


0.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 
.5 

.55 
.65 
.60 
.55 
.5 

.5 

.5 

.6 

.55 

.5 


0.6 


2 




17 


.55 


3 




18 


.6 


4 




19 


.6 


5 




20 


.6 


6 




21 


.6 


7.. . . ... 




22 


.5 


8 




23 


.5 


9 ... ... 




24 


.5 


10 




25 


.5 


11 




26 


.5 


12 




27 


.5 


13 




28 


.5 


14 


0.7 
.65 


29 


.5 


15 


30 


.5 




31 


.5 









ISLAND OF MAUI. 235 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of UTcumehame Stream near Olowalu, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




9.4 
9.1 
9.1 
9.4 
9.1 

9.1 

9.8 
9.4 
9.1 
9.1 

12 

12 

11 
9.4 
9.1 


11 
9.1 
9.1 
8.8 
9.1 

8.5 
9.8 
9.1 
8.8 
8.5 

8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
8.3 
8.3 


8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.5 
9.4 
8.5 


8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.5 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.5 
9.4 


16 


9.1 
9.8 
9.8 
12 
9.1 

9.8 
9.1 
9.1 
9.1 
12 

11 

9.8 
9.1 

11 

12 
9.8 


9.1 
9.1 

10 
9.8 
12 

16 
12 
12 
11 
9.8 

12 
9.8 
12 

9.8 
12 


8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.3 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 


8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 

8.3 
8.8 
8.5 
8.3 
8.1 

8.1 
8.1 

8.5 
8.3 
8.1 


8 5 


2 




17 


8 3 


3 




18 


8 5 


4 




19 


8 5 


5 




20 


8 5 


6 




21 


S 5 


7 




22 


8 1 


8 




23 


8 1 


9 




24 


8 1 


10 




25 


8 1 


11 




26 


8 1 


12 




27 


8 1 






28 


8 1 


14 


9.1 

8.8 


29 


8 1 




30 


S 1 




31 


8 1 









Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 
Monthly discharge of Ukumehame River near Olowalu, Maui, Aug. 14 to Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 






Run-off 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


12 


8.8 


9.97 


356 


16 


9.1 


10.4 


619 


11 


8.1 


8.53 


524 


9.4 


8.1 


8.24 


490 


9.4 


8.1 


8.24 


507 



Accu- 
racy. 



August 14-31 
September.. 

October 

November... 
December... 



OLOWALU STREAM BASIN. 
OLOWALU DITCH NO. 1 NEAR OLOWALU, MAUL 

Olowalu basin lies on the southwest slope of West Maui north of 
Ukumehame basin and south of upper lao basin. It is about 5 
miles long and about l^ miles wide. Two development tunnels have 
been driven into the sides of the mountain for increasing the water 
supply. 

The rainfall is comparatively light except in the upper part of the 
basin. 

Water is diverted through several ditches for power and irrigation. 

A gaging station was established on the upper main ditch, which 
is called Olowalu ditch No. 1, August 12, 1911. This ditch supplies 
water for the development of electric power, after which the water 
is used for irrigation on the lower lands. 

The station is in the flume a short distance below the power house. 
Ordinarily this ditch carries the total flow of the stream. 

The records show the amount of water used to develop power for 
pumping and lighting. 



236 WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements of Olowalu ditch No. 1, near Olowalu, Maui., in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
heignt. 


Dis- 
charge, 


Aug. 12 
Oct. 20 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
3.0 
3.0 


Sq.ft. 
2.4 
2.4 


Feet. 
0.50 
0.45 


Sec.-ft. 
6.5 


do 


5.5 









Note. — Several additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. Meas- 
urements made at various sections. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Olowalu ditch No. 1, near Olowalu, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




13 
9.3 
9.3 

13 
9.3 

9.3 

13 

13 
9.3 
9.3 

17 
13 
17 
13 
9.3 


11 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
3.0 

3.0 
6.6 
4.5 
3.0 
3.0 

6.6 
11 

9.3 
11 

8.0 


4.5 
5.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
9.3 
13 


6.6 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 
4.5 

4.5 
6.6 
13 
6.6 
6.6 

4.5 
4.5 
5.6 

17 

17 


16 


9.3 
9.3 
9.3 
11 
9.3 

9.3 
6.6 
8.0 
9.3 
13 

13 
13 
9.3 
11 
17 
13 


9.3 
9.3 

17 
13 
17 

13 

3.8 
13 
11 

4.5 

9.3 
8.0 
8.0 
6.6 
9.3 


6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
5.6 

5.6 
15.6 
a 6.1 
o6.6 
6.6 

6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
5.6 
4.5 
4.5 


11 
9.3 
9.3 
6.6 
6.6 

9.3 
9.3 

17 

13 
9.3 

6.6 
6.6 

15 

13 
6.6 


15 


2 




17 


13 


3 




18 


13 


4 




19 


17 


5 




20 


17 


6 




21 


13 


7 




22 


9.3 


8 




23 


8.0 


9 




24 


6.6 


10 




25 


6.6 


11 




26 


5.6 


12 


8.0 
17 
9.3 
9.3 


27 


6.6 


13 


28 


6.6 


14 


29 


6.6 


15 


30 


4.5 




31 


4.5 









o Discharge estimated. 
Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 15 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Olowalu ditch No. 1, near Olowalu, Maui, for Au^. 12 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


August 12-31 


17 
17 
11 
17 
17 


6.6 
3.8 
3.0 
4.5 
4.5 


10.7 
11.0 
6.14 
7.68 
8.50 


424 
655 
378 
457 
523 


B. 


Septembffl' 


B. 


October 


B. 


November 


B. 




B. 







LAUNIUPOKO STREAM BASIN, MAUI. 
LATTNIUFOKO STBEAU NEAR LAHAIKA, MATTI. 

Launiupoko basin lies on the western slope of West Maui north of 
Olowalu, and south of Kauaula basins. It has a length of 4 or 5 
miles and is contiguous to lao basin in its upper part. One develop- 
ment channel has been driven into the mountain side of this basin 
for increasing the water supply. The rainfall is comparatively hght 
except in the upper part. Water is diverted for irrigation through 
Launiupoko ditch. 

A gaging station was estabhshed on Launiupoko Stream about 175 
feet above the Pioneer MiH Co.'s stone flume intake July 25, 1911. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



237 



A staff gage, graduated into tentlis of feet, is located on the right 
bank and is used for obtaining gage heights. The station is about 4 
miles southeast of Lahaina. The records show the total flow of the 
stream above all diversions. 

Discharge measurements of Launiupoko Stream near Lahaina, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge, 


July 25 
Oct. 14 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
5.5 
4.5 


Sq.ft. 
1.6 
1.3 


Feet. 

0.50 

.50 


Sec.-ft. 
1 81 


do 


1 61 









Note.— An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. Measure- 
ments made at various sections. 

Mean daily discharge, in second-feet, of Launiupoko Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
2.1 

1.7 
2.1 


1.4 
1.1 
1.1 
1.7 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.7 
1.4 

3.3 
2.5 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 


2.5 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 


1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 

1.4 
1.7 
4.2 
1.7 


1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 

1.4 
1.7 
1.7 
1.4 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
2.9 
2.9 


16 




2.1 

1.7 
1.7 
3.3 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
2.1 

2.1 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
3.8 
2.1 


1.7 
1.4 
2.5 
1.7 
3.8 

9.6 
3.3 
3.3 
4.2 
4.2 

6.6 
3.3 
3.3 
3.3 
4.2 


1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 


1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 


2 5 


2 




17 




1.7 


3 .. 




18 




2 1 


4 




19 




1 7 


5 




20 




1.7 


6 




21 




1.7 


7 




22 




1.7 


8 




23 




1.7 


9 




24 




1 7 


10 




25 


1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 


1.4 


11 




26 


1.4 


12 




27 


1.7 


13 




28 


1.7 


14 




29 


1.7 


15 




30 


1.7 






31 


1.7 









Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 
MovJ,hly discharge of Launiupoko Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for July 25 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



July 25-31. 

August 

September 
October. .. 
November. 
December . 



1.7 
3.8 
9.6 
2.5 
4.2 
2.9 



1.7 
1.7 
1.1 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 



1.70 
1.90 
2.71 
1.61 
1.62 
1.72 



23.6 
117 
161 

99 

96.4 
106 



KAUAULA STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATTJBES. 

Kauaula Stream basin is on the west slope of West Maui, opposite 
lao, north of Launiupoko and south of Lahainaluna basins. It is 
5 or 6 miles long and about 2 miles wide. One development tunnel 
has been driven into the north side of the mountain for increasing 
the water supply. 



238 



WATEK KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



The rainfall is comparatively light except in the upper part of the 
basin. 

Water for irrigation is diverted through several ditches. 

Gaging stations have been established on the stream and the upper 
main ditch. 

KATTATTLA STREAM NEAR LAHAINA, MAUI. 

A gaging station was established on the main stream October 16, 
1911, at a point a short distance above the intake of Piilanu ditch, 
and also on Kauaula ditch which diverts water above. 

On account of shifting channel and poor location of gage in the 
main stream the gage heights are unreliable and can not be used. 
The headgates of the upper ditch were regulated so as to admit a 
flow of about 3.1 second-feet into the ditch from October 16 to 
December 31. 

Discharge measurements of Kauaula Stream near Lahaina, Maui, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 28o 
Aug. \a 
03t. 66 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
4.2 
4.2 


Sq.-ft. 
3.6 
3.7 


Feet. 

0..3S 
0.38 
0.10 


Sec.-ft. 
10 7 


do 


10 2 


do 


9 1 













a Measurement made in Piilani ditch at intake and represents total flow of stream. 

f> Discharge obtained from combined flow of New Kauaula ditch and Piilani ditch at their intakes. 

KATTATJLA WEIRS NOS. 1, 2, AND 3, NEAR LAHAINA, MAUI. 

During the early part of 1901 the Pioneer Mill Co. established weirs 
at three points on Kauaula Stream and maintained records for a few 
weeks. Weir No. 1 was 6 feet in length and was established on the 
North Fork. Weir No. 2 was 3 feet in length and was established 
on the South Fork. Weir No. 3 was 6 feet in length and was estab- 
lished on the main stream about 400 feet above the intake of Piilani 
ditch. These weirs show the total flow of the North and South forks 
and main stream, respectively. 

The records have been furnished by the Pioneer Mill Co. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of North Fork of Kauaula Stream, at weir No. 1, near 

Lahaina, Maui, for 1901. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 




3.9 
3.7 


3.5 


3.8 


3.6 


3.7 


4.0 


3.4 


4.3 


3.6 


7.9 


3.6 


(a) 


3.7 


(a) 


3.7 


12 


3.6 


8.4 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


11 


3.4 
3.4 
6.2 
5.9 
4.6 

3.9 

12 

10 
5.1 
8.4 




12 


13 


14 


15 


16 


17 


18 


19 


20 





Day. 


Jan. 


21 


5.3 
4.5 
6.1 
4.3 
3.9 

3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
4.1 
3.7 
4.1 


22 


23 


24 


25 


26 


27 


23 


29 


30 


31 





Feb, 



a High water. No readings made. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



239 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of South Fork of Kauaula Stream at weir No. 2, near 

Lahaina, Maui, for 1901. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 




1.3 

.8 

.8 

1.2 

1.6 

2.3 

(a) 

\a) 
4.2 
4.3 


11 


1.3 
1.3 
1.6 
1.6 
1.4 

1.3 
2.5 
1.9 
1.4 
2.1 




21 


1.6 
1.4 
1.6 
1.3 
1.3 

1.6 
1.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.2 
1.4 




2 ' 


1.3 
1.4 
1.3 

1.4 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.4 
1.3 


12 


22 




3 


13 


23 




4 . . . . 


14 


24 




5 


15 


25 




6 


16 


26 




7 


17 


27 




8 


18 


28 




9 


19 


29 




10 


20 


30 








31 











a High water. No readings made. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kauaula Stream at weir No. S, near Lahaina, Maui, 

for 1901. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 




4.7 
4.5 
4.2 
4.3 
4.9 

8.9 
(a) 
(a) 

14 

12 


11 






21 






2 




12 






22 






3 




13 






23 






4 




14 -. 






24 






5 




15 






25 






6 




IG 






26 






7 




17 :.:::;::.... 






27.... 






8 




18 






28 






9 




19 






29 






10 




20 






30 
















31 


4.9 











a High water. No readings made. 



LAHAINALUNA STREAM BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 



Lahainaluna basin lies on the western slope of West Maui north 
of Kauaula basin and south of Kahoma basin. The basin is very 
narrow but extends back to the summit of Puu Kukui. Lahainaluna 
Stream joins Kahoma Stream about 1 mile from the sea. 

LAHAIKALTJKA STREAU KEAR LAHAIKA, MATTI. 

A gaging station was established August 5, 1911, on Lahainaluna 
Stream at a point about 8 feet above the Pioneer Mill Co.'s upper 
intake and about 25 feet below the overflow from the flume of Lahaina 
waterworks. 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of feet, is used to obtain gage 
heights. The discharge at this station shows the total flow of the 
stream exclusive of the amount taken by the Lahaina waterworks 
flume. 



240 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements of Lahainaluna Stream near Lahaina, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 2 
Oct 18 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
4.0 
3.2 


Sq.ft. 
1.2 
1.0 


Feet. 
0.27 
0.19 


Sec.-ft. 
2 01 


do 


1 24 









Note.— Measurements made in Pioneer Mill Go's ditch which was carrying total flow of stream. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Lahainaluna Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 

[O. Brecht, observer.) 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.24 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 

.20 

.68 
.72 
.33 
.25 

1.10 
.33 

.20 
.20 
.35 


0.26 
.21 
.71 
.53 
.40 

.27 
.46 
.34 
.22 
.20 

.24 
.28 
.19 
.18 
.18 


0.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 

.24 

.20 
.32 
.20 
.20 

.19 
.20 
.39 
.61 
.42 


0.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 

.24 
.30 
.20 
.20 
.20 

.18 

.18 

.20 

1.50 

1.66 


16 


0.25 
.44 
.27 

1.60 
.28 

.24 
.20 
.20 
.50 
.45 

.46 
.26 
.24 
.20 
.20 
.25 


0.20 
.29 
.20 
.38 
.95 

.90 

1.50 
.34 
.52 
.35 

.24 
.70 
.56 

74 
.28 


0.17 
.18 
.19 
.18 
.19 

.20 
.20 
.20 
.17 
.18 

.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 


0.20 
.90 
.40 
.40 
.50 

.36 
.90 
.37 
.22 
.20 

.20 
.20 
.32 
.20 
.20 


0.45 

45 


2 




17 


3 




18 


85 


4 




19 


1 00 


5 


0.22 

.24 

.22 
.23 
.29 
.22 

.20 
.25 
.30 
.34 
.24 


20.'. 


.37 
27 


6 


21 


7 


22 


24 


8 


23 


22 


9 


24 


23 


10 


25 


22 


11 


26 


23 


12 


27 


22 


13 


28 


25 


14 


29 


34 


15 


30 


24 




31 










Daily discharg 


e, im 


econa 


-M, 


of La 


hainal 


una Stream near 


Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.7 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 

7.7 
8.2 
2.8 
1.8 

15 
2.8 
1.3 
1.3 
3.0 


1.9 
1.4 
8.1 
5.4 
3.6 

2.0 
4.4 
2.9 
1.5 
1.3 

1.7 
2.1 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.7 
1.3 
2.6 
1.3 
1.3 

1.2 
1.3 
3.5 
6.7 
3.9 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.7 
2.4 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.1 
1.1 
1.3 

23 

26 


16 


1.8 
4.2 
2.0 
25 
2.1 

1.7 
1.3 
1.3 
5.0 
4.3 

4.4 
1.9 
1.7 
1.3 
1.3 
1.8 


1.3 
2.3 
1.3 
3.4 
12 

11 

23 
2.9 
5.3 
3.0 

1.7 
8.0 
5.9 
8.7 
2.1 


1.0 
1.1 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.0 
1.1 

1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


1.3 
11 
3.6 
3.6 
5.0 

3.1 
11 
3.2 
1.5 
1.3 

1.3 

1.3 
2.6 
1.3 
1.3 




4 3 


2 




17 


4 7 


3 




18 


10 






19 


13 


5 


1.5 

1.7 
1.5 
1.6 
2.3 
1.5 

1.3 

1.8 
2.4 
2.9 
1.7 


20 


3 2 


6 


21 


2 




22 


1 7 


8 


23 


1 5 




24 


1 6 


10 


25 


1 5 


11 


26 


1 6 


12 


27 


1.5 


13 


28 


1 8 




29 


2.9 


15 


30 


1 7 




31 


1 7 









Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. Above 3 second-feet 
the estimates are only approximate. 

Monthly discharge of Lahainaluna Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for Aug. 5 to Dec. 31, 

1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-oft 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Masimom. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


August 5-31 


25 
23 
8.1 

11 
26 


1.3 
1.3 
1.0 

1.2 
1.1 


3.01 
4.80 
1.91 
2.79 
3.93 


161 
286 
117 
166 
242 


D. 


September 


D. 


October 


D. 


November 


D. 




D. 







ISLAND OF MAUI. 



241 



LAHAINALtTNA WEIRS NOS. 1 AKD 2, TSC&AR LAHAINA, UATTI. 

The Pioneer Mill Co. established two weirs on the Lahainaluna 
Stream early in 1901. The upper weir, known as No. 1, was placed 
about 4 miles above the junction of this stream with Kahoma Stream. 
The second weir, known as No. 2, was placed about 1^ miles above the 
junction with Kahoma Stream. Five-foot weirs were used. The 
records, which were kept for a few weeks only, have been furnished 
the Geological Survey by the Pioneer Mill Co. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lahainaluna Stream at weir No. 1, near Lahaina, 

Maui, for 1901. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 




4.8 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 


11 






21 


6.8 
5.7 
8.7 
5.4 
5.2 

4.7 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.7 
4.8 




2 




12 






22 




3 




13 






23 




4 




14 






24 




5 




15 






25 




6 




16 






26 




7 






17 






27 




g 






18 






28. 




9 






19 


5.7 




29 




10 






20 


30 












31 











o High water; no readin?. 

Ikiily discharge, in second-feet, of Lahainaluna Stream at weir No. 2, near Lahavna, 

Maui, for 1901. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 




4.9 
4.8 
4.5 
4.5 
4.7 

8.1 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 








21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 








2 












4.2 
12 
4.8 
4.7 

4.8 
4.8 
4.9 
4.9 
4.7 
4.8 




3 














4 














5 














6 














7 . 














8 .. 
















9 
















10. . - 









































KAHOMA STREAM BASIN. 
GEITERAL FEATTTRES. 

Kahoma basin lies on the western slope of West Maui just north of 
Lahainaluna basin. Kahoma Stream rises at the summit of Puu 
Kukui and joins the Lahainaluna Stream about 1 mile from the sea. 

Two development tunnels have been driven into the side of the 
mountain for increasing the water supply. 

Water is diverted for irrigation through Kahoma ditch. 

74323°— wsp 318—13 ^16 



242 



WATEK EESOUKCES OF HAW AH. 
KAHOMA STREAM NEAR LAHAIKA, MAUI. 



A gaging station was established on Kahoma Stream below the 
intake of Kahoma ditch August 17, 1911. 

The gage is on the left bank about 125 feet above the lower dam. 
It is read during flood periods only, as the normal flow and water from 
development tunnels is diverted into Kahoma ditch about 600 feet 
above. No discharge measurements have been made. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kahoma Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 
[E. C. Bortfeld, observer.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






0.35 






16 


0.6 

.6 

.3 

2.1 

1.3 


0.5 

.95 
1.15 






0.1 


2 










17 




0.15 
.05 
.05 
.05 

.05 
.15 

.05 
.05 


.1 


3 






.05 
.25 
.55 






18 


.1 


4 










19 


.1 


5 










20 


1.55 

1.1 
.4 
.85 
.7 
.4 

1.4 
.9 
.85 

1.0 
.05 




.05 


6 








0.05 
.05 
.15 


21 




7 




0.95 

1.0 

.3 


i.6 

.35 


6." 05' 


22 






8 




23 






9 




24 ... 


.05 
.05 




10 










25 




11 




1.75 
1.4 








26 








12 










27 










13 


0.4 




.1 
.1 
.1 


'".'is 
.1 


28 , . 






.2 




14 






29 . . 


i.3 

1.3 




15 




.6 




30 





















Note.— From Aug. 1 to Dec. 31, where no gage heights appear, stream was dry. 

KAHOMA STREAM AT WEIRS NOS. 1 ASH 2, NEAR LAHAINA, MATH. 

The Pioneer Mill Co. established two 5-foot weirs on Kahoma 
Stream in 1901 and kept a record for a few weeks only. The loca- 
tion of the weirs is not known except that No. 1 is above No. 2. The 
records have been furnished by the Pioneer MiU Co. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kahoma Stream at weir No. 1, near Lahaina, Maui, 

for 1901. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 


4.8 
3.8 
3.5 
3.4 
3.3 

13 
(0) 

17 
(0) 
4.9 


11 




6.4 


21 


3.3 
3.2 
12 
3.5 
3.4 

3.3 
3.5 
3.4 
4.4 
3.5 
3.5 




2:::: .....1 


12 


3.2 
3.2 

8.4 
4.4 

3.8 
12 
10 

4.1 
11 


22 




3 


13 


23 




4 


14 


24 




5 


15 


25 




6 




16 


26 




7 




17 


27 




8 




18 


28 




9 




19 


29 




10 




20 


30 










31 











a High water. No readings made. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



243 



Daily discharge in second-feet, of Kahoma Stream at weir No. 2, near Lahaina, Maui, 

for 1901. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


1 




5.0 
3.9 
3.8 
3.8 
3.8 

13 
(a) 
17 
(«) 
4.9 


11 




6.4 


21 






2 




12 




22 







3 




13 






23 






4 




14 






24 


4.3 
3.9 

3.8 
3.8 
3.6 
5.2 
3.8 
3.8 




5 




15 






25 




6 




16 






26 




7 ... 




17 






27 




8 




18 






28 




9 




19 






29 




10 




20 






30 














31 











a. High water. No readings mado. 
KAHOMA DITCH AT WEIR, NEAR LAHAINA, MAUI. 

A 4-foot weir has been placed in Kahoma ditch just below the 
intake by the Pioneer Mill Co. This weir measures the flow of the 
stream at low stages and also the water developed by tunnels. The 
records for this weir since August 1, 1911, have been furnished to the 
Geological Survey by the Pioneer Mill Co. 

Discharge measurements of Kahoma ditch at weir, near Lahaina, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 23 
Oct. 18 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
5.0 
4.2 


Sq.ft. 
2.0 
2.5 


Feet. 
00.45 
6 .48 


Sec.-ft. 
4.75 


do 


4.45 









a Gage height is head over old 4' weir. 

i> Gage height is head over new 4' weir. Constructed Aug. 1, 1911. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kahoma ditch at weir, near Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


4.8 
4.8 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 

5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.0 

4.8 
4.8 
5.3 
5.3 
5.0 


4.8 
3.8 
4.3 
4.0 
4.4 

4.7 
6.8 
7.5 
6.4 
5.6 

7.8 
6.8 
4.4 
4.0 
6.5 


6.7 
5.1 
5.9 

7.8 
7.3 

6.5 
8.6 
7.1 
5.3 
4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
4.4 
4.4 
4.4 


4.0 

4.2 
4.0 
4.0 
4.0 

5.7 
5.3 
7.1 
5.0 

4.7 

4.4 
4.2 
8.6 
8.6 
^.6 


4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 

5.4 
6.7 
8.5 
5.0 

4.7 

4.7 
4.7 
5.9 
8.6 
8.6 


16 


9.9 
9.9 
8.1 
10 
8.0 

6.8 
5.3 
.5.3 
10 

10 

10 
6.7 
6.4 

10 

10 
6.4 


6.2 
7.5 
6.8 
5.0 

7.8 

7.5 
8.1 
8.6 
8.1 
7.0 

9.2 
7.8 
9.5 
8.5 
6.7 


4.4 
4.3 
4.4 
4.3 
4.3 

4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.3 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 


4.8 
8.6 
7.8 
7.0 
6.8 

8.1 

7.8 
7.8 
7.1 
5.0 

4.4 
4.3 

7.5 
4.7 
4.4 


8.5 


2 


17 


8.5 


3 


18 


8.0 


4. . 


19 


8.5 


5 


20 


6.5 


6 


21 


5.1 


7. 


22 


6.1 


8 


23 


4.7 


9 


24 


4.7 


10 


25 


4.6 


11 


26 


4.6 


12 


27 


4.6 


13 


2S 


5.3 


14 


29 


7.1 


15 


30 


4.8 




31 


5.3 









Note.— Daily discharge computed by the Geological Survey from records of head on 4-foot weir furnished 
by the Pioneer Mill Co. 



244 WATEB BBSOUBCES OP HAW AH. 

Monthly discharge of Kahoma ditch at weir, near Lahaina, Maui, for Aug. 1 to Dec. 31,1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


10 


4.8 


6.74 


9.S 


3.8 


6.54 


8.6 


4.2 


5.03 


8.6 


4.0 


5.95 


8.6 


4.3 


5.81 



Rmvoff 

(total in 

acre-feet). 



August 

September 
October... 
November 
December. 



414 
389 
309 
354 
357 



HONOKAWAI STREAM BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 



Honokawai basin lies on the northwestern slope of West Maui. 
The upper part of the basin touches Kahoma basin at the south and 
Honokahau basin at the east. The principal tributary is Amalu 
Stream, which enters from the north below the intake of the power 
ditch. Two development tunnels have been driven into the side of 
the mountain for increasing the water supply. 

Water is diverted from the south side for power development, 
after which it is used for irrigation. 



HONOKAWAI STREAM ITEAR LAHAINA, UATH. 

A gaging station was established on Honokawai Stream at the in- 
take of the power ditch about 3 miles above the power house, August 
1, 1911. The gage is on the right side of the stream about 15 feet 
below the lower development tunnel and about 400 feet above Amalu 
Stream. 

The discharge at this point gives the total flow of the stream, in- 
cluding the water from two development tunnels. 

Discharge measurements of Honokawai Stream near Lahaina, Maui, in 1911. 



Data. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 
section. 



height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



Feet. 



July 26 
Oct. 17» 



J. B. Stewart. 
do 



Sq.ft 



Feet. 
0.79 
1.05 



Sec.-ft. 
o7.3 
10.2 



o Discharge at gage was determined by measuring two tunnels which develop water above gage. 
6 Measurement in Honokawai ditch, which was diverting total flow of stream. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



245 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Honokawai Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 

[E. C. Bortfeld, observer.] 



Day. 


Aog. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Ang. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dtec. 


1 


0.86 
1.10 
.88 
.76 
.85 

.74 
.72 
.75 
.98 
.88 

.74 
.72 
1.12 
.98 
.76 


0.72 

.72 
.72 
.95 
.78 

.76 

1.30 

1.30 

.98 

.88 

1.68 
1.05 
.76 
.74 
1.10 


0.94 
.78 
1.00 
1.20 
1.12 

1.11 
.90 

1.06 
.82 
.75 

.72 
.72 
.72 
.72 
.72 


0.70 
.70 
.70 
.70 
.72 

.78 
.72 
1.00 
.76 

.74 

.74 

.72 

1.45 

1.65 

1.08 


0.70 
.70 
.68 
.69 
.70 

.95 
.88 
1.65 
.75 
.70 

.76 
.75 
.82 
1.55 
1.60 


16 


1.28 
1.42 
1.20 
1.60 

.84 

.74 

.71 

.72 

1.36 

1.40 

1.20 
.76 
.74 
.74 

1.50 
.76 


0.80 
.90 
.90 
.78 

1.88 

1.08 
1.15 
1.68 
1.22 
.91 

1.22 
1.58 
1.20 
.92 
1.25 


0.72 

.98 
.75 
.72 
.72 

.74 
.71 
.70 
.70 
.70 

.70 
.70 
.70 
.70 
.70 
.70 


0.71 

1.45 
.96 
.95 
.80 

1.32 
1.02 
1.10 
1.12 

.75 

.70 
.70 
1.18 
.78 
.70 


i.06 


2 


17 


1.12 


3 


18 


1.30 


4 


19 


1.55 


5 


20 


.80 


6 


21 


.80 


7 


22 


75 


8 


23 


.70 


9 


24 


70 


10 


25 


.70 


11 


26 


.70 


12 


27 


.70 


13 .... 


28 


.70 


14 


29 


.90 


15 


30 


.76 




31 


78 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honokawai Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


7.9 
11 
8.1 
7.0 
7.8 

6.8 
6.6 
6.9 
9.2 
8.1 

6.8 
6.6 
11 
9.2 
7.0 


6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
8.9 
7.2 

7.0 

14 

14 
9.2 
8.1 

22 

10 
7.0 
6.8 

11 


8.8 
7.2 
9.6 

12 

11 

11 
8.4 

10 
7.5 
6.9 

6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 


6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.6 

7.2- 
6.6 
9.6 
7.0 
6.8 

6.8 
6.6 

17 

21 

11 


6.4 
6.4 
6.2 
6.3 
6.4 

8.9 
8.1 
21 
6.9 
6.4 

6.9 
6.9 
7.5 

19 

18 


16 


14 
16 
12 
18 

7.7 

6.8 
6.5 
6.6 

15 

16 

12 
7.0 
6.8 
6.8 

18 
7.0 


.7.3 
8.4 
8.4 
7.2 

26 

11 
12 
20 
12 
8.5 

12 
20 
12 
8.6 
13 


6.6 
9.2 
6.9 
6.6 
6.6 

6.8 
6.5 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 

6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 
6.4 


6.5 
17 
9.0 
8.9 
7.3 

14 

9.8 
11 
11 

6.9 

6.4 
6.4 
12 
7.2 
6.4 


10 


2 


17 


11 


3 


18 


14 


4 .. . 


19 


19 


5 


20 


7.3 


6 


21 


7.3 


7 


22 


6 9 


8 


23 


6 4 


9 


24 


6.4 


10 .... 


25 


6 4 


11 


26 


6 4 


12 


27 


6.4 


13 


28 


7.2 


14 


29 


8 4 


15 


30 


6.9 




31 


7 2 









Note. — Daily discliarge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined between 6 and 12 
second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Honokawai Stream near Lahaina, Maui, for Aug. 1 to Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 




18 
26 
12 
21 
21 


6.5 
6.6 
6.4 
6.4 
6.2 


9.56 
11.0 
7.49 
9.05 
8.98 


588 
655 
461 
539 
652 


c 




c 




B 




c 




c 







HONOKAWAI STREAM AT WEIR NO. 1, NEAR LAHAINA, MAITI. 

The Pioneer Mill Co. installed a small weir on the main stream 
above all diversions in December, 1901. The record, which was kept 
only a few weeks, has been furnished the Geological Survey by the 
Pioneer Mill Co. 



246 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second feet, of Honohawai Stream at weir No. 1, near Lahaina, Maui, 

for 1901. 



Day. 



1 
2 
3 
4 

5 

6 
7 
8 
9 
10 



Jan. 


Feb. 


5.5 


7.1 


5.5 


6.0 


5.5 


6.1 


5.4 


5.7 


5.4 


5.8 


5.4 


9.5 


5.4 


(») 


5.4 


(.") 


5.4 


7.1 


6.0 


11 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


11 


5.7 
5.4 

10 

10 
6.4 

5.6 
10 
9.0 
6.1 
9.2 


9.4 


12 


13 




14 




15 




16 




17 




18 




19 




20 









Day. 


Jan. 


21 


6.3 
6.0 
8.8 
5.8 
5.5 

5.5 
5.5 
5.6 
6.6 
6.2 
7.6 


22 


23 


24 


25 


26 


27 


28 


29 


30... 


31 





Feb. 



6.1 
6.1 
6.1 
6.1 



o High water. No readings. 

Note.— Daily discharge computed by the Geological Survey from records furnished by the Pioneer 
Mill Co. 

HONOLUA STREAM BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATXTHES. 

Honolua basin lies on the northwestern slope of West Maui. The 
basin extends well back toward the summit of Puu Kukui, its upper 
part lying between Honokawai basin at the west and Honokahau at 
the east. Water is diverted into Honokahau ditch at 700 feet ele- 
vation. 

HONOLUA STREAM NEAR HONOKAHAIT, HAUL 

A gaging station was established on Honolua Stream below the 
intake of Honolua ditch August 7, 1911. The gage is fastened to 
one of the piers of the Honokahau ditch bridge, which crosses the 
stream about one-fourth of a mile below the intake of Honolua 
ditch. The gage is for flood readings only. No discharge measure- 
ments have been made. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Honolua Stream near Honokahau, Maui, for 1911. 
[R. C. Searle, jr., observer.) 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






1.1 

.35 

.2 

.2 






16 


1.0 
1.15 

.65 

.9 










2 










17 


0.4 
1.2 
.65 
1.55 

1.25 

.9 
1.6 
1.0 

.25 

1.7 
1.15 
1.35 
.55 
1.7 








3 










18 








4 










19 






0.8 


5 










20 








6 






.35 
.95 
.4 






21 










7 








1.3 


22 






0.6 
.4 
.2 




8 




1.2 


23 






9 








24 






10 




.7 

1.45 
.9 








25 


.4 
.5 




11 










26 

27 








12 


0.5 

.8 














13 




1.2 
1.1 

.25 


'"".3 

' .8 


28 






1.1 




14 






29 


1.4 

1.75 




15 








30 
















31 























Note. — From Aug. 7 to Dec. 31, where no gage heights appear, stream was dry. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 
HOKOLUA DITCH NEAR HONOEAHATT. MAUI. 



247 



A staff gage was set in a flume of the Honolua ditch, about 150 feet 
below the intake, August 7, 1911. The gage is on the left side of the 
flume, which crosses the Honolua Stream. 

Only one discharge measurement has been made at this place. 

Discharge measurements of Honolua ditch near Honokahau, Maui, in 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Aug. 7 


J B Stewart 


Feet. 
4.0 


Sq.ft. 
2.0 


Feet. 
0.49 


Sec.-ft. 
2.30 







Daily gage height, infect, of Honolua ditch near Honokahau, Maui, for 1911. 
[R. C. Searle, jr., observer.] 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.56 
.55 
56 
.79 
.64 

.52 
.66 
.90 
.69 
.70 

.85 
.85 
.72 
.62 
.56 


0.80 
.85 
.90 
.90 
.88 

.88 
.90 
.90 
.83 
.76 

.68 
.62 
.61 
.60 
.58 


0.42 
.42 
.42 
.40 
.40 

.42 
.40 
.60 
.50 

.46 

.44 
.42 
.66 
.88 
1.25 


0.47 
.43 
.40 
.40 
.45 

.60 
.50 
.80 
.64 
.45 

.44 
.42 
.59 
.73 

.78 


16 


0.88 
1.08 

.86 
1.02 

.71 

.56 
.49 
.46 
.65 

.87 

.82 
.55 
.52 
.72 
.98 
.67 


0.73 
.90 
.62 
.90 
.90 

.90 
.90 
.90 
.90 
.90 

.90 
.90 
.90 
.90 
.80 


0.58 
.66 
.62 
.57 
.54 

.53 
.53 
.51 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.48 
.46 
.44 
.43 
.42 


0.53 

.74 
.56 
.49 
.48 

.80 
.80 
.85 
.87 
.86 

.45 
.43 
.90 
.78 
.55 


0.73 


2 




17.... 


.80 


3 




18 


.81 


4 




19 


.90 


5 




20 


.66 


6 




21 


.54 


7 


0.48 
.46 
.57 
.64 

.51 

.78 
.84 
.72 
.54 


22 


.50 


8 


23 


.46 


9 


24 


.45 


10 


25 


.48 


11 .... 


26 


.43 


12 


27 


.42 


13 


28 


.58 


14 


29 


.74 


15 


30 


.50 




31 


.50 









HONOKAHAU STEEAM BASIN. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 



Honokahau basin, which lies on the northern slope of West Maui, 
is from 1 to 1^ miles wide and about 9 miles long, reaching back to 
the summit of Puu Kukui, where it adjoins Waihee basin at the east, 
lao basin at the south, and Honokawai basin at the west. 

The rainfall at elevation 806 feet averages about 145 inches. In 
the upper part of the basin the rainfall is probably very heavy. 

Water is diverted at elevation 806 feet into Honokahau ditch for 
cane irrigation and through smaller ditches in the lower part of the 
basin for taro irrigation. 

HONOKAHAU STREAM ITEAR HONOKAHAU, MAUI. 

A gaging station was established on Honokahau Stream at the 
intake of Honokahau ditch August 13, 1911, The gage is fastened 
to the end of the diversion dam on the left side of the stream, its 
zero being 1.07 feet below the crest of the dam. This gage is used for 
flood readings only. 



24(8 



WATEB KESOUBOES OF HAWAH. 



The dam has been used as a weir for computing the flow from the 
gage heights on the dam. The discharge does not include the water 
taken by Honokahau ditch. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honokahau Stream near Honohahau, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.0 
.0 

11 

20 
.0 

.0 
20 
44 
16 
38 

187 
16 
.0 
.0 
7.4 


0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

11 

.0 

.0 

38 

3.8 

.0 

.0 
.0 

116 
116 
95 


0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

11 

16 

26 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
1.9 
68 
69 


16 


406 

239 

76 

162 









44 

76 

59 





• 187 

59 



3.8 

95 
116 

59 
127 

116 

44 

138 

86 

59 

267 

68 
106 

44 
267 


26 
44 

3.8 
.0 

7.4 

16 

138 

11 

31 

.0 

.0 
138 
44 
3.8 
.0 


3.8 


2 




17 


3 8 


3 




18 


16 


4 




19 


52 


6 




20 


.0 


6 




21 


1.9 


7 




22 


.0 


8 




23 


.0 


9 




24 


.0 


10 




25 


.0 


11 




26 


.0 


12 




27 


20 


13 


31 
69 
76 


28 


38 


14 


29 


3.8 


15 


30 


7.4 




31 


.0 













Note. — Daily discharge computed from weir formula. No discharge measurements have been made 
at this station. No record was obtained for the month of October. 

Monthly disdwrge of Honokahau Stream near Honokahau, Maui, for Aug. IS to Dec. SI, 

1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Ma-rlTn nm \finimnTn, Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



August 13-31. 

September 

November 

December 



406 

267 

138 

68 



0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 



77.6 
65.2 
28.1 
10.6 



2,920 

3,880 

1,670 

652 



Note, — Record for month of October missing. 

HOBrOKAHATJ DITCH AT INTAKE, ITEAR HONOKAHAir, MAXn. 

Gage height records on Honokahau ditch just below the intake 
have been kept by the Honolua Ranch Co. since the opening of the 
ditch early in 1907. CuTrent-meter measurements have been made 
for rating the section. 

Daily gage heights from February 3, 1907, up to the end of 1911, 
have been furnished the Geological Survey by the Honolua Ranch Co. 
The discharge at this station shows the total quantity of water taken 
from Honokahau Stream. 

Discharge measurements of Honokahau ditch at intake, near Honokahau, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width ■^'■^^ °^ 
'^^^^'^- section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 18 


Martin and Stewart. 


Feet. 

7.8 


Sq. feet. 
17.0 


Inches. 
30 


Sec.-ft. 
34.9 







Note.— In the early part of 1912 additional measurements were made at this station from which a well 
defined rating curve was obtained. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



249 



Dcdly discharge, in second-feet, of Honohahau ditch at intake, near Honohahau, Maui, 

for 1907-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1907. 
1 






29 
28 
43 
43 
43 

33 
40 
39 
33 
27 

27 
27 
25 
25 
34 

43 
38 
31 
35 
39 

43 

42 
39 
33 
31 

43 
37 
35 
29 
41 
31 

22 

22 
23 
22 
33 

25 
22 
22 
22 
20 

20 

20 
20 
31 
27 

39 
23 
22 
31 
24 

22 
21 
20 
21 
20 

22 
22 
20 
20 
20 
19 


29 
27 
31 
33 
33 

37 
35 
37 
29 
35 

38 
43 
33 
29 
39 

32 
27 
25 
34 
43 

31 

27 
26 
31 
37 

36 
27 
25 
30 
27 

20 
22 
23 
25 
27 

28 
31 
37 
34 
35 

43 
43 
34 
33 
43 

26 
23 
27 
26 
32 

45 
22 
19 
20 
19 

19 
18 
19 
23 
31 


25 
25 
25 
23 
23 

3S 
25 
27 
34 
41 

33 
27 
25 
31 

24 

23 
26 
23 
34 
23 

22 
22 
23 
22 
22 

22 
22 
21 
31 
35 
27 

20 
18 
19 
35 
23 

31 
37 
39 
27 
25 

21 
43 
25 
31 
33 

24 
31 

21 
35 
20 

31 
33 
39 
35 
34 

25 
35 
23 

35 
23 
22 


22 
22 
21 
43 
27 

39 
43 
36 
30 
43 

39 
36 
24 
41 
35 

43 
27 
33 
27 
22 

22 
32 
22 
31 
35 

28 
33 
37 
37 
31 

29 
20 
20 
18 
29 

33 
31 
23 
20 
22 

33 
22 
20 
22 
43 

29 
22 
33 
43 
29 

39 
36 
43 
43 
35 

35 
25 
20 

18 
23 


36 
43 
39 
23 
26 

25 
24 
22 
36 
33 

23 
32 
23 
29 
22 

23 
21 
33 
36 
33 

43 

43 
27 
43 
43 

37 
43 
37 
35 
33 
25 

21 
31 
27 
43 
40 

26 
22 
27 
31 
48 

22 
26 
23 
22 
31 

20 
19 
22 
20 
39 

35 
31 

21 
21 
28 

33 
43 

43 
26 
33 
37 


31 
37 
27 
43 
37 

25 
43 
37 
43 
43 

43 

35 
27 
37 
43 

43 
41 
41 
43 
43 

35 
43 
43 
41 
42 

43 
43 
43 
43 
39 
41 

26 
43 
37 
24 
29 

26 
43 
43 
43 
27 

22 
33 

43 
43 
37 

37 
32 
23 
22 
22 

21 

21 
22 
43 
43 

43 
39 

27 
33 
43 
43 


39 
37 
35 
39 
30 

39 
39 
38 
39 
43 

43 

41 
36 
35 
35 

33 
33 
33 
38 
37 

38 
43 
43 
43 
43 

39 
43 
43 
41 
37 

43 
43 
39 
37 
37 

43 
31 

27 
27 
33 

43 

43 
39 
41 
35 

37 
29 
37 
43 
41 

31 

31 
39 
29 
28 

26 
26 

28 
29 
37 


37 
43 
36 
39 
41 

39 
35 
33 
43 
43 

43 
35 
39 
41 
35 

39 
43 
43 
41 
39 

39 

43 
43 
41 
39 

41 
43 
43 
37 
35 
41 

33 
26 
31 
29 
35 

29 
31 
27 
27 
25 

24 
26 

27 
25 
41 

27 
27 
31 
37 
43 

41 
36 
43 
41 
29 

25 
25 
23 
23 

24 
23 


43 
43 
41 
43 
36 

38 
33 
39 
35 
32 

31 
31 
31 

29 
43 

33 
31 
35 
31 
43 

43 
43 
38 
43 
43 

43 
43 
37 
41 
33 

22 
22 
22 
33 
43 

31 
35 
35 
33 
31 

28 

25 
23 
21 
21 

21 
35 
25 
31 
37 

33 
27 
22 
35 
43 

39 
37 
41 
33 
37 


38 


2 






29 


3 




43 
33 
29 

28 
29 
35 
37 
29 

43 
39 
31 
29 
29 

33 

39 
32 
33 
29 

31 
27 
29 
31 
29 

42 
39 
40 


29 


4 




29 


5 




29 


6 




29 


7 




29 


8 




29 


9 




28 


10 




28 


11 




27 


12 




27 


13 




37 


14 




34 






33 






29 


17 




33 






29 


19 




25 






29 






27 


22 




27 


23 




31 


24 




41 


25 




27 






29 


27 




43 






37 


29 




39 








37 


31 






30 


1908. 
1 


43 
39 
30 

28 
29 

29 
25 
25 
25 
25 

24 
24 
23 
23 
41 

35 
37 
27 
25 
29 

26 
24 
23 
23 
23 

23 
23 
23 
27 
31 
29 


42 
33 
35 
41 
33 

43 
41 
41 
43 
43 

35 
29 
27 
25 
25 

27 

25 
25 
23 
25 

23 
23 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 


43 


2 


37 




27 


4 


31 




25 




33 


7 


40 


8 


31 


9 


43 




33 


11 


25 


12 


23 




23 


14 


23 




22 




22 


17 


23 




29 


19 


43 




43 


21 


39 


22 


27 




37 


24 


41 




43 




43 


27 


43 




43 


29 


41 




39 


31 


29 



250 



WATEE RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honokahau ditch at intake, near Honokahau, Maui, for 

1910-1 l—Gontinued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
1 


27 
27 
25 
23 
23 

22 
22 
22 
22 
22 

22 
22 
22 
22 
21 

21 
21 
21 
21 
21 

22 
22 
37 
43 
27 

35 
29 
36 
41 
43 
41 

23 
23 
23 
33 
43 

40 
31 
26 
25 
33 

37 
43 
43 
39 
35 

43 
43 
43 
40 
39 

43 
43 
43 
37 
33 

31 
43 
37 
29 
38 
42 


43 
31 
26 
35 
25 

33 
35 
30 
23 
22 

22 
31 
35 
23 
22 

23 
33 
43 
35 
27 

23 
31 

28 
39 
41 

39 
39 
43 

43 
41 
37 
39 
41 

30 

27 
25 
24 
23 

33 
38 
35 
27 
25 

24 
24 
23 
26 
23 

23 
39 
35 
27 
24 

23 
27 

27 


43 
43 
36 
43 
35 

30 
39 
25 
23 
32 

12 




43 

43 
31 
36 
43 
43 

43 
43 
41 
43 
43 

43 
43 
41 
43 
42 
43 

28 
37 
43 
43 
43 

39 
39 
29 
27 
25 

25 
25 
24 
25 
23 

23 
23 
23 
35 
43 

39 
37 
42 
41 
43 

41 
39 
43 
42 
36 
43 


41 
43 
43 
43 
41 

39 
43 
43 
39 
43 

37 
39 
37 
37 
35 

35 
35 
34 
34 
33 

35 
43 
41 
35 
35 

33 
35 
41 
39 
37 

43 
43 
42 
33 

28 

27 
34 
43 
35 
28 

27 
27 
25 
24 
26 

25 
37 
39 
29 
38 

34 
28 
39 
42 
43 

43 
37 
31 
27 



43 
43 
43 

43 
43 

39 
43 
43 
43 
43 

43 
43 
12 
43 
43 

41 
41 
41 
43 

38 

35 
41 
37 
34 
33 

41 
43 
11 
43 
39 
36 

29 
43 
37 
43 
36 

37 
43 
33 
37 
35 

29 
27 
25 
33 
35 

43 

33 
36 
38 
33 

25 
24 
26 
27 
26 

23 

23 
23 
23 
25 
43 


35 
35 
35 
39 

38 

39 
43 
37 
41 
35 

34 
39 
37 
43 
43 

41 
41 
41 
41 
43 

41 
41 
35 
37 
43 

39 
39 
39 
35 
43 

40 
43 
39 
35 
43 

35 
43 
42 
39 
39 

43 
39 
43 
39 
43 

39 
37 
39 
29 
35 

43 
39 
41 
33 
34 

31 
35 
28 
37 
35 


43 
43 
41 
35 
35 

39 
43 
43 

42 
42 

37 

42 
43 
43 
43 

43 
43 

43 
43 
43 

43 
43 
38 
36 
43 

43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
39 

32 
31 

38 
43 
41 

41 
43 
32 
31 
29 

37 
39 
29 
34 
43 

43 
43 
39 

41 
37 

31 
29 
32 
29 
40 

37 
41 
33 
29 
35 
39 


40 
41 
39 
39 

38 

35 
37 
41 
37 

37 

35 
39 
35 
37 
40 

35 
39 
35 

41 
43 

43 
41 
42 
41 

35 
33 
35 
35 
37 
39 

32 
31 
43 
43 
42 

43 
39 
35 
43 
35 

36 
39 
43 
43 
39 

35 
30 
29 
29 
43 

43 
43 
43 
41 
43 

41 
43 
42 
36 
34 
34 


38 
33 
32 
31 
31 

30 
30 
41 
36 
31 

35 
33 
36 
38 
31 

37 
35 
37 
37 
9 

29 
29 
43 
43 
37 

31 
43 
43 
41 
34 

33 
33 
39 
40 
39 

41 
38 
34 
33 
32 

32 
31 
31 
31 
31 

31 

^! 

31 
30 

32 
31 
39 
42 
39 

37 
34 
37 
42 

43 


30 
35 
40 
31 
33 

38 
29 
29 
28 
27 

27 
43 
43 
30 
29 

37 

28 
27 
30 
28 

43 
30 
43 
33 
29 

33 
29 
27 
27 
29 
37 

40 
43 
43 
41 
38 

41 
43 
43 
42 
40 

35 
37 
36 
31 
31 

31 

29 
29 
29 
29 

29 
37 
39 
35 
29 

29 
28 
31 
30 
27 
27 


33 
31 
39 
38 
28 

27 
25 
43 
30 
35 

32 
33 
43 
37 

27 

25 
25 
23 
23 
23 

23 
23 
23 
23 
33 

29 
23 
23 
22 
22 

27 
27 
30 
30 
28 

27 
29 
31 
27 
35 

35 

27 
27 
26 
25 

25 
43 
42 
37 
29 

37 
27 
33 
43 
29 

31 
37 
43 
43 
43 


22 


2 


22 


3 


26 


4 


23 


5 


22 


6 


22 


7 


22 


8 


21 


9 


21 


10 


20 


11 


20 


12 .- 

13 


21 
21 


14 


21 




21 




22 


17 


38 


18 


39 


19 


39 




37 




22 


w 


23 


43 


24 


43 




38 




43 


27 


34 


28 


27 


29 


35 




32 


31 


25 


1910. 
1 


43 


2 


43 




43 


4 


43 




43 




43 


7 


43 


8 


43 


9 


39 




38 


11 


35 


12 


33 


13 


33 


14 


32 




31 


16 


31 


17 


31 


18 


31 


19 


31 


20 


31 


21 


30 


22 


41 


23 


33 


24 


43 


25 


43 




4->. 


27 


42 


28 


35 


29 


36 




43 


31 


43 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



251 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honokahau ditch at intake, near Honokdhau, Maui, for 

1910-11— Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


37 


41 


42 


37 


39 


39 


41 


41 


35 


43 


37 


37 


43 


39 


35 


43 


43 


43 


41 


39 


43 


37 


33 


43 


39 


40 


39 


43 


43 


41 


37 


43 


36 


43 


43 


38 


33 


34 


43 


43 


41 


43 


43 


36 


43 


43 


37 


31 


37 


43 


43 


38 


39 


43 


39 


43 


43 


37 


31 


41 


43 


43 


34 


35 


43 


41 


38 


43 


37 


31 


35 


43 


43 


35 


43 


43 


37 


33 


43 


37 


32 


33 


43 


43 


35 


43 


43 


41 


32 


43 


37 


31 


43 


43 


43 


43 


42 


43 


43 


39 


43 


43 


31 


43 


43 


43 


39 


43 


43 


37 


42 


43 


38 


37 


42 


42 


43 


39 


43 


43 


37 


43 


42 


37 


39 


42 


42 


43 


42 


43 


42 


35 


43 


41 


35 


39 


43 


43 


43 


43 


41 


42 


41 


37 


41 


35 


31 


43 


43 


43 


41 


38 


41 


43 


34 


40 


35 


31 


43 


42 


43 


39 


43 


41 


43 


33 


39 


35 


37 


43 


43 


43 


43 


39 


40 


37 


38 


39 


36 


43 


37 


43 


40 


43 


41 


43 


43 


37 


38 


35 


43 


39 


43 


39 


43 


43 


41 


40 


43 


38 


39 


43 


35 


43 


37 


43 


40 


40 


41 


37 


37 


39 


43 


41 


43 


43 


41 


43 


39 


39 


36 


37 


37 


43 


43 


43 


40 


36 


43 


39 


43 


33 


37 


37 


43 


43 


43 


39 


35 


43 


39 


41 


31 


37 


35 


42 


41 


43 


39 


35 


43 


39 


43 


43 


41 


37 


43 


35 


43 


38 


40- 


43 


39 


43 


43 


43 


43 


43 


33 


43 


35 


43 


43 


39 


38 


43 


42 


39 


43 


31 


43 


35 


43 


43 


41 


35 


43 


43 


37 


43 


41 


43 


35 


38 


43 


39 


35 


43 


43 


39 


43 


34 


43 


34 


35 


43 


37 


43 


41 




37 


35 


43 


43 


33 


39 


43 


37 


41 


37 




40 


39 


43 


41 


33 


12 


43 


37 


35 


43 




41 




43 




33 


11 




37 





Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 , 

28 

29 

30 

31 



Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 40 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Honokahau ditch at intake, near Honokahau, Maui, for 1907-1911 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1907. 
February 3-28 


43 
43 
43 
41 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


27 
25 
25 
21 
21 
21 
25 
33 
33 
31 
27 


33.4 
35.0 
32.2 
26.5 
32.0 
32.0 
39.3 
38.8 
39.8 
37.6 
31.2 


1,720 


March , 


2,150 


April 


1,920 


May 


1,630 


June . . 


1,900 


July 


1,970 


August 


2,420 


September 


2,310 


October 


2,450 


November 


2,240 


December 


1,920 






The period 


43 


21 


34.3 


22, 600 






1908. 
January 


43 
43 
39 
45 
43 
43 
48 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


23 
22 
19 
18 
18 
18 
19 
21 
26 
23 
21 
22 


27.8 
29.7 
23.1 
27.9 
28.8 
28.6 
29.4 
33.3 
35.1 
30.1 
30.7 
33.7 


1,710 


February 


1,710 




1,420 


April 


1,660 


May 


1,770 


June 


1,700 


July 


1,810 


August . . 


2,050 


September 


2,090 


October 


1,850 


November 


1,830 


December 


2,070 






The year ....... 


48 


18 


29.9 


21,700 







252 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Monthly discharge of Honohahau ditch at intake, near Honokahau, Maui, for 1907-11 — 

Continued. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-oll 
(total ia 
acr&-feet). 


MaTJmuTTi. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1909. 
January 


43 
43 
43 
4S 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


21 
22 


33 
11 
34 
35 
33 

9 
27 
22 
20 


26.6 
31.4 
34.5 
38.3 
38.9 
39.1 
41.5 
38.1 
34.5 
32.3 
28.8 
28.8 


1,640 


February 


1,740 


March 


2,120 


April 


2,280 


May 


2,390 


June 


2,330 


July 


2,550 


August 


2.340 


September 


2,050 


October 


1,990 


November 


1,710 


December 


1,770 






The year 


43 





34.4 


24,900 






1910. 
January 


43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


23 
23 
23 

23 
28 
29 
29 
30 
27 
25 
30 


36.3 
29.8 
34.5 
32.6 
32.0 
38.0 
36.2 
38.5 
35.0 
34.6 
32.4 
39.2 


2,230 


February 


1,660 


March. 


2,120 


April 


1,940 


May 


1,970 




2,260 


July 


2,230 


August 


2,370 


September 


2,080 




2,130 


November 


1,930 




2,410 








43 





35.0 


25,300 






1911. 

January 


43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 
43 


31 

37 
35 
31 
31 
39 
33 
11 
35 
37 
35 
29 


38.7 
41.0 
37.8 
37.8 
39.5 
42.7 
40.0 
37.8 
41.4 
40.8 
39.3 
36.7 


2,380 


Februatry 


2,280 


March 


2,320 




2,250 


May 


2,430 


.Tnnp. 


2,540 


July 


2,460 


August 


2,320 


September 


2,460 




2,510 


November 


2,340 


December 


2.260 








43 


11 


39.5 


28,600 







HONOKAHATT DITCH ABOVE HONOLTTA STREAM, NEAR HOKOKAHATO', MATTI. 

The Honolua Ranch Co. has kept a record of daily gage height on 
the Honokahau ditch in the flume just above the inflow from Honolua 
Stream and has furnished the data to the Geological Survey for 1910 
and 1911. Current-meter measurements have been made for rating 
the section. 

Discharge measurements of Honokahau ditch above Honolua Stream, near Honokahau, 

Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 18 


Martin and Stewart 


Feet. 
3.9 
4.0 


Sq.ft. 
8.7 
10.2 


Inches. 

si' 


Sec.-ft. 
29.8 


Dec. 29 


J.B.Stewart 


34.5 









Note. — In the early part of 1912 additional measurements were made at this station from which a well- 
defined rating curve was obtained. 



ISLAND OP MAUI. 



253 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honokahau ditch, above Honolua Stream, near Hono- 

kahau, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Fpb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


17 


36 


20 


36 


22 


34 


27 


26 


27 


34 


23 


16 


33 


30 


35 


31 


35 


25 


25 


27 


36 


22 


16 


30 


36 


35 


30 


33 


29 


36 


34 


36 


24 


22 


30 


36 


26 


36 


26 


36 


36 


34 


35 


24 


24 


33 


36 


22 


26 


36 


34 


36 


32 


32 


23 


31 


23 


32 


20 


32 


30 


34 


36 


34 


32 


22 


24 


21 


36 


26 


36 


33 


36 


32 


32 


36 


22 


19 


19 


22 


35 


28 


34 


27 


27 


28 


36 


24 


8 


18 


20 


27 


33 


31 


26 


36 


26 


32 


22 


22 


17 


19 


23 


28 


32 


24 


30 


26 


34 


26 


26 


28 


19 


21 


23 


32 


28 


32 


26 


28 


30 


36 


30 


19 


22 


22 


32 


34 


32 


26 


32 


23 


35 


28 


18 


19 


20 


36 


24 


36 


26 


30 


22 


32 


20 


19 


18 


22 


28 


26 


36 


25 


26 


22 


29 


18 


18 


19 


26 


36 


11 


33 


25 


25 


22 


32 


5.3 


18 


19 


30 


33 


36 


29 


25 


25 


21 


33 


17 


18 


28 


26 


30 


36 


26 


28 


24 


36 


32 


17 


18 


30 


29 


33 


32 


24 


26 


24 


33 


31 


18 


26 


24 


31 


24 


35 


24 


25 


24 


30 


32 


17 


35 


24 


28 


30 


32 


36 


24 


24 


23 


30 


17 


33 


26 


22 


36 


25 


36 


24 


26 


28 


34 


30 


30 


23 


20 


32 


23 


36 


25 


30 


23 


34 


20 


34 


-27 


21 


34 


26 


36 


30 


32 


26 


27 


20 


32 


36 


23 


26 


23 


35 


34 


28 


35 


23 


18 


32 


36 


22 


28 


32 


36 


30 


24 


23 


22 


17 


32 


37 


20 


24 


28 


34 


30 


23 


24 


34 


20 


30 


30 


19 


28 


32 


36 


28 


23 


24 


28 


20 


30 


26 


18 


23 


28 


36 


30 


25 


36 


21 




30 


22 


18 


50 


23 


30 


34 


25 


36 


28 




27 





20 


26 


28 


28 


36 


23 


36 


33 




34 




36 




33 


28 




23 




32 


34 


36 


30 


34 


34 


35 


3? 


30 


36 


30 


31 


36 


34 


28 


36 


36 


36 


fi 


31 


36 


30 


27 


36 


32 


32 


34 


36 


36 


33 


30 


36 


29 


36 


36 


32 


26 


29 


36 


36 


32 


36 


36 


28 


36 


36 


30 


25 


30 


36 


36 


30 


32 


36 


3D 


36 


36 


30 


24 


35 


36 


36 


28 


28 


36 


32 


33 


36 


30 


24 


29 


36 


36 


28 


35 


36 


30 


28 


36 


30 


24 


20 


36 


36 


28 


36 


36 


33 


26 


11 


30 


24 


35 


36 


35 


34 


35 


36 


34 


32 


36 


34 


23 


36 


36 


36 


32 


34 


36 


30 


36 


36 


30 


26 


36 


36 


36 


30 


36 


36 


29 


36 


36 


28 


31 


35 


36 


36 


34 


36 


34 


28 


36 


36 


28 


26 


36 


36 


36 


36 


34 


34 


32 


32 


35 


28 


24 


36 


36 


36 


34 


32 


34 


■ 36 


27 


34 


27 


24 


36 


36 


36 


30 


34 


34 


11 


27 


34 


27 


26 


36 


36 


36 


36 


32 


34 


32 


32 


32 


28 


36 


31 


36 


34 


36 


35 


- 36 


36 


33 


32 


28 


36 


32 


36 


31 


36 


36 


34 


34 


36 


32 


30 


36 


29 


36 


32 


34 


33 


34 


34 


32 


32 


32 


36 


36 


36 


22 


34 


36 


32 


32 


30 


30 


28 


36 


36 


36 


33 


30 


36 


32 


36 


29 


30 


30 


36 


36 


36 


32 


•28 


36 


32 


34 


26 


30 


27 


36 


34 


36 


32 


2S 


36 


32 


36 


34 


34 


28 


36 


27 


35 


30 


32 


36 


30 


36 


36 


36 


34 


36 


25 


36 


28 


36 


36 


31 


32 


36 


34 


30 


36 


28 


36 


28 


36 


36 


32 


28 


36 


36 


28 


36 


30 


36 


28 


31 


36 


30 


28 


36 


36 


31 


35 


26 


36 


26 


29 


36 


30 


36 


36 




30 


30 


36 


36 


26 


32 


36 


30 


34 


32 




32 


33 


36 


35 


26 


11 


36 


30 


30 


35 




34 




36 




26 


9.5 




30 





Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined between 15 and 40 second-feet. 



254 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Monthly discharge of Honokahau ditch above Honolua Stream, near Honokahau, Maui, 

for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911 

January 

FebruEiry 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



36 



36 



26 
11 
27 
24 
20 
34 
26 
9.5 
28 
30 
11 
24 



9.5 



26.8 
22.2 
27.1 
25.7 
25.7 
30.8 
28.8 
32.2 
28.6 
28.6 
26.2 
31.4 



27.9 



32.5 
33.5 
30.2 
30.4 
32.6 
35. 9 
32.5 
30.8 
34.4 
33.6 
31.3 
30.0 



32.3 



1,650 
1,230 
1,670 
1,530 
1,.580 
1,830 
1,770 
1,980 
1,700 
1,760 
1,560 
1,930 



20,200 



2,000 
1.860 
i;860 
1,810 
2,000 
2,140 
2,000 
1,890 
2,050 
2,070 
1,860 
1,840 



23.400 



HONOKA.HATJ DITCH AT HONOKa.WAI WEIR, NEAR LAHAINA, MATTI. 

The water in the Honokahau ditch is measured by an 8-foot weir 
on the north side of Honokawai Gulch, a clock register being used 
for recording the gage heights. The records at this weir for 1910-11 
have been furnished to the Geological Survey by the Honolua Ranch 
Co. 

Discharge measurements of Honokahau ditch at Honokawai weir, near Lahaina, Maui, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 17 




Feet. 
8.0 


Sq.ft. 
13.5 


Feet. 
O1.02 


Sec.-ft. 
26.3 







o Gage height is the head on 8-foot weir. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



255 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honokahau ditch at Honokawai weir, near Lahaina, 

Maui, for 1910-11. 



1911. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


21 


32 


23 


33 


19 


32 


26 


27 


26 


31 


19 


19 


31 


28 


32 


25 


32 


25 


24 


25 


31 


19 


18 


29 


25 


33 


27 


32 


28 


27 


27 


31 


20 


21 


29 


33 


29 


27 


28 


31 


32 


29 


31 


21 


33 


31 


31 


25 


27 


32 


31 


32 


28 


29 


31 


32 


27 


31 


23 


29 


30 


30 


30 


29 


29 


20 


29 


23 


32 


27 


32 


29 


31 


32 


28 


29 


20 


24 


22 


27 


30 


29 


31 


28 


27 


26 


30 


23 


19 


21 


22. 


30 


29 


31 


26 


30 


24 


30 


20 


19 


20 


21 


24 


27 


31 


24 


29 


24 


29 


20 


25 


28 


20 


23 


25 


29 


25 


28 


24 


26 


28 


32 


23 


20 


23 


23 


29 


29 


28 


23 


26 


25 


26 


31 


19 


21 


21 


31 


2.5 


31 


23 


7.5 


22 


32 


25 


20 


20 


20 


28 


24 


31 


23 


24 


19 


32 


23 


19 


19 


23 


31 


25 


30 


23 


23 


19 


31 


10 


19 


20 


28 


30 


32 


28 


23 


23 


25 


30 


21 


19 


25 


27 


28 


31 


25 


25 


22 


27 


29 


20 


18 


30 


27 


31 


31 


24 


24 


22 


25 


31 


22 


24 


26 


29 


26 


30 


24 


23 


22 


21 


31 


20 


31 


26 


27 


27 


30 


28 


8.0 


22 


21 


28 


19 


30 


27 


22 


31 


24 


18 


22 


22 


21 


32 


28 


27 


23 


20 


30 


24 


30 


23 


25 


16 


32 


22 


28 


25 


23 


31 


24 


31 


25 


28 


17 


17 


24 


31 


■30 


24 


27 


24 


30 


.8 


25 


23 


25 


20 


15 


30 


20 


27 


27 


31 


27 


23 


21 


23 


19 


31 


32 


20 


25 


25 


31 


27 


21 


22 


28 


21 


31 


29 


19 


27 


28 


32 


27 


21 


27 


30 


21 


30 


26 


19 


24 


27 


31 


24 


21 


27 


24 




30 


23 


19 


26 


24 


29 


29 


22 


30 


27 




29 


21 


19 


27 


23 


28 


27 


21 


30 


31 




29 




31 




28 


27 




20 




29 


30 


32 


26 


30 


30 


29 


25 


29 


30 


24 


28 


32 


30 


26 


29 


32 


29 


27 


27 


31 


24 


■ 25 


32 


29 


27 


30 


31 


29 


26 


28 


30 


24 


28 


32 


28 


25 


25 


32 


30 


26 


29 


30 


24 


29 


32 


27 


23 


26 


32 


29 


27 


29 


30 


24 


31 


32 


27 


22 


29 


32 


30 


24 


25 


29 


24 


29 


32 


27 


22 


27 


32 


30 


24 


28 


31 


24 


26 


32 


26 


22 


24 


32 


29 


24 


29 


31 


25 


24 


27 


26 


22 


29 


32 


29 


25 


29 


30 


25 


27 


31 


28 


21 


32 


32 


28 


27 


27 


29 


25 


29 


32 


27 


22 


29 


31 


30 


25 


31 


28 


24 


31 


33 


25 


25 


29 


30 


31 


28 


31 


27 


23 


31 


33 


25 


25 


27 


32 


31 


29 


30 


27 


26 


31 


32 


25 


23 


31 


32 


31 


28 


27 


29 


28 


27 


32 


25 


22 


31 


31 


29 


27 


27 


27 


31 


24 


31 


25 


22 


31 


31 


31 


29 


27 


26 


27 


27 


31 


25 


30 


29 


31 


29 


31 


28 


28 


29 


32 


30 


25 


31 


29 


30 


27 


31 


30 


27 


29 


32 


29 


24 


30 


27 


30 


27 


31 


28 


26 


29 


29 


29 


25 


32 


30 


30 


14 


30 


31 


26 


27 


25 


29 


27 


32 


30 


31 


27 


26 


20 


25 


29 


24 


28 


25 


31 


32 


31 


27 


25 


31 


25 


28 


26 


28 


25 


32 


32 


30 


27 


24 


32 


25 


30 


31 


29 


25 


32 


28 


29 


25 


26 


32 


25 


29 


32 


32 


25 


32 


26 


29 


25 


29 


31 


25 


28 


31 


30 


28 


32 


29 


29 


25 


30 


32 


25 


25 


32 


33 


27 


31 


26 


30 


24 


27 


32 


25 


24 


32 


32 


25 


31 


25 


31 


24 


25 


32 


25 


29 


29 




27 


28 


32 


30 


24 


27 


31 


24 


29 


29 




30 


31 


32 


28 


23 


29 


31 


2-5 


26 


29 




29 




32 




23 


17 




24 





Note.— Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of head on an 
$-foot weir furnished by the Honolua Ranch Co. 



256 



WATEK RESOURCES OF HA WAIL 



Monthly discharge of Honokahau ditch at Honokarvai weir, near Lahaina, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-teet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



17 
10 
15 
19 
19 
24 
23 
18 

.8 
7.6 
16 
21 



0.8 



26.8 
24.0 
25.6 
26.2 
24.4 
29.1 
27.1 
28.5 
23.9 
24.7 
22.3 
28.3 



25.9 



28.7 
30.9 
26.6 
27.0 
29.0 
30.8 
27.3 
26.7 
29.1 
27.2 
26.4 
24.8 



1,650 
1,330 
1,570 
1,560 
1,500 
1,730 
1,670 
1,750 
1,420 
1,520 
1,330 
1,740 



18,800 



1,760 
1,720 
1,640 
1,610 
1,780 
1,830 
1,680 
1,640 
1,730 
1,670 
1,570 
1,520 



27.9 



20,200 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS ON WEST MAUI. 

The following miscellaneous measurements have been made on 
West Maui. Measurements of the streams, ditches, and development 
tunnels are arranged in clockwise order, beginning at the Waihee 
Stream on the northeast. Some measurements have been made of 
water coming from the ditches of various pumping plants. 

Miscellaneous measurements on streams and ditches in West Maui in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Tributary to or 
diversion from— 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 29 

1911. 
Aug. 22 
24 

1910. 
Feb. 17 


Waihee Stream 

do 


Pacific Ocean 

.. ..do 


Gage above intake of Waihee 
canal, near Waihee. 

do 


Feet. 
2.15 

2.15 
.60 


Sec.-ft. 
72 

68 


South Waiehu Stream. 
lao Stream 


North Waiehu 
Stream. 

Pacific Ocean 

do 


Gage at T. Burlem's house, 
near Wailuku. 

Above gaging station near 
Wailuku. 
...do 


.27 
35.0 


Apr. 28 
29 


. .do 


49 4 


do 


...do 


Below gaging station near 
Wailuku. 

Mouth, below lao gaging sta- 
tion near Wailuku. 

Above South Side ditch in- 
take near Waikapu. 
do 

do 

1,000 feet above Piilani ditch 

near Lahaina. 
Below junction with Amalu 

stream, near Kaanapali. 


0.63 
0.65 

O.70 


56.0 


29 


Culvert Creek 


lao Stream 


1.85 


Nov. 12 

17 

1911. 
Aug. 23 
July 20 

Aug. 4 


Waikapu Stream 

do 

do 

Kauaula Stream 

Honokawai Stream 


Pacific Ocean 

do 

do 

do 

do 


5.8 
7.8 

8.1 
12.4 

.16 









a Regular station about 1 mile below. 



ISLAND OF MATH. 25 Y 

Miscellaneous measurements on streams and diiches in West Manii in 1910-11 — Con. 



Date. 


Stream or ditch. 


Trihutary to or 
diversion from— 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1911. 
Oct. 17 

1910. 
Nov 7 


Amalu Stream 


Honokawai Stream. 

Waihee Stream 

do 


Above ditch intake, just above 
junction with Honokawai 
Stream, near Lahaina. 

Near second tunnel below in- 
take near Waihee. 
do 


Feet. 
1.90 


Sec.-ft. 
2.07 

53 


9 


do 


55 


1911. 
Jan 27 


....do 


do 


do 




52 


Aag. 22 
22 


do 


do 


do 




50 


do 


do 


10 feet above chute to Spreck- 
els's ditch near Waihee. 

20 feet below chute to Spreck- 
els's ditch near Waihee. 

do 




50 


1910. 
Nov 7 


do 


do 


29 9 


1911. 
Aug. 22 
22 


do 


do 


26 5 


do 


. .do 


At flume in Wailuku Sugar 
Co.'s field No. 38 near Wai- 
hee. 

Siphon crossing lao Stream 

near Wailuku. 
Bridge below ditchman's 

house near Waihee. 

do 

Near intake above Waihee 

Near intake above Wailuku. . . 
do 


.79 

1.14 

.81 

.25 

.38 

.47 

1.60 
1.70 

1.90 

.42 
.55 


49 1 


1910. 


do 


. . .do 


45.4 


Nov 9 


Native ditch (south 
side). 

do 

Kapuna ditch (north 

side). 
Kalana Auwai (north 

side). 
Waldhriee ditch 

(south side). 
Kama Auwai (south 

side). 

do 

.....do 

side). 


do 


5 6 


1911. 
Jan. 27 

1910. 
Nov. 9 

Dec. 26 


do 

do 

lao Stream 


14.9 

2.5 
2.9 


26 


do 


4.6 


Nov. 14 

Dec. 27 

27 

1911. 
Jan. 4 

1910. 
Dec. 26 


do 

do 

do 

do 

.do 


Near intake above Wailuku. . . 

.v..'Ao".v.v^v/^v^v^'.\'.'.'.. 
do 

....do 


Lie 

22.4 
24.4 

27.7 

3.07 


Nov. 11 


Waikapu Stream 


do 


2.71 


1911. 
July 25 
20 


Launiupoko ditch 

Prilani ditch 


Launiupoko Stream. 
Kauaula Stream — 

...do 


■R.e-servoir near T/ahaina 


1.20 


500 feet above weir near La- 
haina. 
Nrrt Lahaina. 


0.65 
.21 

6 4.01 


9.8 


Oct. 16 




0.9 


18 
Aug. 2 

2 

3 

July 23 
23 


Lahainaluna ditch 

Lahaina waterworks 
ditch. 

do 

Old Kahoma ditch 

do 


Lahainaluna Stream. 
...do 


Below tail- water from power 
house at Lahainaluna School. 

Intake about 1 mile above 
Lahainaluna School, near 
Lahaina. 

Filtering station above Lahai- 
naluna School, near La- 
haina. 

Flume below weir tunnel en- 
trance near Lahaina. 
do 


2.0 
5.1 


do 

Kahoma Stream 

do 


1.04 

4.6 
7.0 


do 


...do 


Reservoir near Lahaina 




6.1 


26 
)8 


Honokawai ditch 

Honokahau ditch 

. .do 


Honokawai Stream. . 

Honokahau Stream . 
Honokahau and Ho- 
nolua streams, 
do 


Below Honokawai power 

house. 
Flume No. 4 near Honokahau. 


0.58 


8.1 
31.2 


17 


Just below Honolua Stream, 
near Honokahau. 

Makupea flume near Hono- 
kahau. 

Waiaolali near Honokaliau 

Napili flume near Honokahau. 

Aloeloa flume near Honoka- 
hau. 


2.50 

C.65 

2.31 
<J.68 


36.7 


17 


...do 


33.4 


17 
17 


do 

do 


do 

do 


31.6 
30.7 


17 


.. .do 


.. .do 


29.5 











o Head over 5-foot weir. 

6 Distance to water surface from reference mark on board, 30 feet above filtering station. 

e Distance from mauka edge of flume, opposite nail, to water surface. 

i Distance from top of mauka side of Napili flume to water surface. 



74323°— wsp 318—13- 



-17 



258 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAW AH. 



Miscellaneous measurements of development tunnels in West Maui in 1911. 



Date. 


Tunnel. 


Tributary to— 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1911. 
Aug. 21 


Upper Waihee 


Waihee Stream 

. ...do 


Several miles above all ditches and 

above Waihee. 
....do 


Sec.-ft. 
0.59 


21 


Lower Waihee 


8.0 


25 


lao No. 1 (north) 

lao No. 2 (south) 


lao Stream 


Above "The Needle," in lao Valley, 

near Wailuku. 
do 


.96 


25 


do 


.62 


23 

July 25 


Waikapu No. 1 

Launiupoko 


Waikapu Stream 

Launiupoko Stream . 
Honokawai Stream. . 
do 


Several miles above reservoir near 

Waikapu. 
J mile above upper ditch intake near 

Lahaina. 
J mile above upper Honokawai ditch 

near Kaanapali. 
At upper Honokawai tunnel near 

Kaanapali. 


2.7 
.28 


26 
26 


Upper Honokawai 


5.7 
1.53 











Note. — Water intercepted by tunnels driven Into the sides of gulches. 

Miscellaneous measurements of pumping plants in West Maui in 1911. 



Date. 


Pump. 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1911. 
Aug. 14 


Byron & Jackson centrifugal 
pump. 

Doble centrifugal pump 

do 


Pump house near Olowalu 


Sec.-ft. 
2.35 


July 20 


Pipe outlet into ditch at Lahaina 


14.9 


Oct. 19 


do 


12.5 


19 


.do 


do 


12 8 


July 20 


Pump 


Lahaina 


22.2 


21 


do 


do 


25.2 











PUMPED WATER ON WEST MAUI. 

Considerable water is pumped for irrigation on the lee side of West 
Maui by the Olowalu Sugar Co. and the Pioneer Mill Co. The Olowalu 
Sugar Co. pumps on an average only about 666,000 gallons daily. 
The Pioneer Mill Co., however, pumps on an average about 26.4 
million gallons daily. 

Figures showing the amount of water pumped each month by the 
Pioneer Mill Co. have been furnished to the Geological Survey. Both 
steam and electric pumps are used. 

Monthly summary of water pumped by the Pioneer Mill Co. at Lahaina, Maui, for 
January to November, 1911. 



January 

February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November. 



Month. 



The period . 



Mean quantity 
pumped daily. 



Million Second- 
gallons, feet. 



3.71 
10.0 
8.29 
7.03 
26.5 
34.7 
.39.7 
40.0 
42.0 
44.8 
32.3 



26.4 



5.75 
15.5 
12.8 
10.9 
41.1 
53.8 
61.5 
62.0 
65.1 
69.4 
50.0 



40. 



Total quantity 
pumped. 



Million 
gallons. 



115 

281 

257 

211 

820 

1,040 

1,230 

1,240 

1,260 

1,390 

968 



8,810 



Acre-feet. 



353 

863 

790 

648 

2,515 

3,190 

3,770 

3,810 

3,870 

4,270 

2,970 



27,000 



Note. — The above summary has been compiled by the Geological Survey from records furnished by the 
Pioneer Mill Co. It represents the amount of underground water raised by eight pumps, seven steam and 
one electric, located in the vicinity of Lahaina, Maui. The measurements were obtained by means of 
pomp displacement. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 259 

EAST MAUI. 
THE DITCH COUNTRY. 

The northeastern coast of East Maui is known locally as the 
" ditch country" on account of the large ditches which extend into this 
region from the west. These ditches have been built at different 
levels and at various times since 1879, all being extended eastward 
into the water-bearing regions. They form a regular system which 
takes water from all the streams west of Nahiku, the total number 
of streams intercepted being more than 40. West of Halehaku 
Stream there are six ditches, including the Kula pipe line which has 
recently been constructed at 4,000 feet elevation for domestic supply. 
West of Puohakamoa Stream there are four main ditches, one of 
which starts from the Makapipi Stream near Nahiku. 

This region has been opened largely through the construction of 
these ditch systems. From Kailua near the center of the region to 
Nahiku at the east it is impossible to travel except on horseback or 
afoot, and then only along, ditch trails for a greater part of the dis- 
tance. The trip through this region is one of the most interesting 
in the group, with its numerous gulches and waterfalls and frequent 
glimpses of the blue sea a mile or two distant and from 1,000 to 1,500 
feet below. The rainfall is exceedingly heavy in this region, ranging 
from 100 to 300 inches. 

On account of the complicated system of diversions and impossi- 
bility of travel except along the ditches, all water-supply investiga- 
tions in this region have been made along the ditch levels. It has 
also been necessary to depend on the ditch tenders for gage observers, 
and this limits the range that can be reached, as their other duties 
will not permit them to depart far from the ditch trail. 

All the stations are considered in order along some one of the ditches 
from east to west. 

Although the present system of ditches takes practically the entire 
water supply of this region at times when the streams are low, yet 
it is safe to say that but a fractional part of the total run-off is con- 
served and put to beneficial use owing to the lack of storage capacity. 
Streams which have a flow of but a few second-feet ordinarily may 
become raging torrents with a discharge of several thousand second- 
feet at times of heavy rainfall. The streams subside quickly when 
the rain ceases, but the periods of heavy rainfall are so frequent that 
a much greater supply of water than that now utilized might be 
had if sufficient storage capacity could be provided near the points 
of diversion. 



260 



WATER RESOimCES OF HAWAII. 



KOOLAU DITCH REGION. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 



By the Koolau ditcli region is meant that section of the northeast 
slope of East Maui from Keanae eastward to Nahiku. 

Koolau ditch heads in Makapipi Stream above Nahiku and inter- 
cepts the water of all streams westward to Keanae inclusive. West 
of Keanae this ditch runs through an almost continuous tunnel and 
is not supposed to pick up any water east of Alo division weir. The 
principal streams contributing water to this ditch are Makapipi, 
Hanawi, Kahaula, Waiaaka, Paakea, Wiaohue, Kopiliula, East and 
West Wailuaiki, Wailuanui, and the various branches of Keanae 
Stream. All these streams rise in a region where the rainfall is from 
200 to 300 inches. Water in excess of what the ditch can carry passes 
on down to the sea. 

KOOLAU DITCH NEAR KEANAE, MAUI. 

A staff gage was installed in Koolau ditch above Keanae shortly 
after its completion in 1904. Since that time readings have been 
made twice daily and the records kept in the oflGice of the Maui Agri- 
cultural Co. The gage is graduated in inches and is placed on the 
left or mauka side of the ditch at an open section which appears to be 
permanent. 

The Geological Survey has made a rating of the section by current 
meter measurements from which the daily discharge has been com- 
puted by means of the gage-height records furnished by the Maui 
Agricultural Co. The gage-height readings for this period were made 
under the immediate supervision of George Tripp. The discharge at 
this station shows the amount of water collected by the Koolau ditch 
from streams east of this point. This water is carried through tun- 
nels to the Alo division weir several miles farther east without being 
augmented by inflow from other streams. 

Discharge measurements of Koolau ditch near Keanae, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 18 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
10.1 
10.1 


Sq.ft. 
44.3 
46.6 


Inches. 
511 

55i 


Sec.-ft. 
155 


Dec. 15 


do ?...:::::.:.: : ::.. :. 


170 









NOTB. — Additional measurements made in the early part of 1912 have been used in making a rating. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 261 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Koolau ditch near Keanae, Maui, for 1910-11. 

Day. 



19ia 

L 

2 

3 

4 

S 

6 

7 

8.. 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14...: 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 , 

28 , 

29 , 

30 , 

31 

1911, 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 , 

7 

8 , 

9 

10 , 

11 

12 

13 , 

14 , 

15 , 

16 , 

17 

IS , 

19 , 

20 , 

21 , 

22 , 

23 , 

24 , 

25 

26 

27 

28 , 

29 

30 , 

31 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


76 


178 


60 


195 


85 


189 


70 


58 


68 


132 


30 


62 


192 


S5 


188 


195 


195 


68 


54 


62 


192 


29 


56 


179 


130 


192 


171 


170 


78 


190 


60 


195 


27 


62 


171 


195 


186 


195 


160 


194 


188 


50 


132 


56 


192 


161 


165 


151 


169 


171 


162 


164 


48 


77 


29 


172 


148 


122 


116 


162 


155 


145 


162 


44 


98 


26 


132 


132 


158 


170 


195 


192 


158 


140 


39 


121 


28 


26 


114 


102 


195 


160 


180 


112 


136 


36 


90 


25 


13 


106 


82 


180 


182 


190 


92 


132 


33 


158 


24 


18 


98 


67 


158 


145 


182 


78 


116 


31 


190 


26 


76 


100 


60 


149 


160 


178 


88 


88 


30 


109 


25 


182 


139 


54 


132 


125 


179 


88 


114 


30 


86 


23 


182 


166 


49 


119 


129 


195 


66 


182 


30 


70 


22 


180 


121 


47 


106 


110 


168 


90 


182 


30 


56 


21 


168 


99 


44 


104 


110 


195 


195 


142 


29 


51 


20 


180 


89 


37 


92 


182 


182 


195 


108 


30 


46 


21 


185 


74 


36 


150 


135 


165 


188 


92 


29 


42 


60 


195 


74 


36 


188 


145 


195 


160 


84 


29 


39 


106 


188 


73 


63 


145 


188 


158 


134 


76 


28 


36 


132 


171 


55 


158 


126 


168 


172 


110 


172 


25 


47 


48 


190 


100 


180 


106 


138 


158 


§9 


190 


25 


55 


40 


84 


195 


175 


92 


116 


115 


79 


174 


25 


100 


33 


30 


105 


185 


96 


112 


140 


76 


169 


23 


126 


54 


156 


72 


185 


155 


116 


113 


68 


159 


26 


44 


164 


152 


76 


185 


■162 


109 


105 


97 


178 


22 


44 


54 


161 


SO 


185 


195 


92 


93 


75 


119 


22 


38 


42 


192 


54 


176 


132 


81 


84 


66 


114 


20 


34 


36 


174 


44 


146 


116 


68 


76 


60 


168 


23 


38 


78 


168 




113 


97 


61 


77 


53 


100 


39 


43 


195 


175 




99 


68 


60 


75 


54 


72 


195 


35 


195 


192 





182 





195 




62 


64 




32 




92 


170 


145 


52 


116 


68 


182 


37 


99 


171 


34 


106 


195 


102 


44 


164 


98 


128 


55 


119 


160 


36 


77 


188 


84 


55 


107 


128 


113 


SO 


109 


161 


36 


195 


190 


70 


46 


83 


148 


166 


39 


87 


168 


34 


162 


179 


64 


35 


86 


168 


139 


33 


69 


169 


34 


13 


ISO 


60 


31 


114 


159 


140 


31 


59 


165 


44 


12 


191 


55 


30 


113 


168 


148 


30 


121 


168 


49 


68 


195 


50 


29 


100 


168 


136 


29 


160 


168 


96 


64 


180 


46 


27 


168 


172 


109 


29 


148 


164 


55 


185 


165 


48 


26 


172 


171 


125 


26 


98 


142 


44 


170 


178 


40 


24 


168 


162 


145 


27 


166 


132 


45 


180 


171 


37 


24 


ISO 


155 


156 


28 


160 


119 


36 


184 


159 


35 


22 


135 


158 


- 126 


44 


116 


100 


82 


131 


130 


36 


22 


169 


162 


105 


29 


100 


94 


131 


96 


110 


36 


21 


168 


138 


125 


28 


136 


92 


142 


88 


.0 


34 


20 


170 


136 


142 


109 


107 


85 


86 


77 


.0 


32 


64 


170 


118 


98 


114 


122 


105 


166 


72 


.0 


31 


64 


166 


122 


80 


72 


159 


74 


154 


63 


.0 


44 


61 


148 


140 


66 


164 


128 


63 


160 


59 


.0 


61 


61 


148 


128 


94 


122 


168 


59 


159 


56 


5.1 


42 


64 


170 


156 


62 


70 


155 


57 


170 


69 


57 


45 


14 


161 


130 


68 


58 


169 


54 


171 


56 


52 


32 


3.0 


155 


106 


92 


52 


171 


51 


166 


145 


83 


33 


7.7 


125 


99 


61 


120 


171 


46 


164 


158 


72 


32 


12 


109 


106 


54 


156 


170 


51 


132 


98 


60 


30 


12 


129 


125 


47 


134 


172 


54 


104 


122 


119 


28 


12 


121 


133 


44 


92 


170 


43 


91 


185 


158 


27 


156 


101 


132 


42 


76 


172 


40 


174 


144 




26 


116 


85 


99 


41 


118 


170 


38 


162 


101 




29 


101 


81 


93 


38 


170 


178 


37 


117 


160 




53 




77 




36 


189 




36 





Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined. 



262 WATEK EESOUECES OP HAWAIL 

Monthly discharge of Koolau ditch near Keanae, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Rim-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1910. 


195 
195 
195 
195 
195 
195 
195 
190 
195 
195 
195 
195 


13 
44 
36 
58 
60 
75 
53 
54 
20 
32 
20 
50 


135 

113 

114 

142 

137 

154 

105 

132 
38.7 
82.5 
55.6 

121 


8,300 




6,280 


March. 


7,010 


April 


8,450 


May 


8,420 




9,160 


July 


6,460 




8, 120 




2,300 




5,070 




3,310 




7,440 






The year 


195 


13 


IM 


80,300 






1911. 


195 
195 
145 
156 
172 
172 
182 
189 
178 
171 
174 
175 


12 

5.1 
26 

3.0 
77 
68 
36 
26 
59 
36 
34 
75 


109 

114 
48.0 
41.9 

133 

135 
99.9 
75.2 

138 
98.9 

102 

115 


6,700 




6,330 




2,950 




2,490 


May 


8,180 




8,030 


July 


6,140 




4,620 


September 


8,210 




6,080 


November 


6,070 




7,070 








195 


3.0 


101 


72,900 





KOOLATT DITCH AT ALO DIVISION WEIR, NEAR HTTELO, MATTI. 

The Alo division weir is at the west end of Koolau ditch just east 
of Waikamoi Gulch. This weir consists of nine panels, each 29 
inches long. It is designed as a division weir, two-thirds of the water 
going to the Maui Agricultural Co. through New Hamakua ditch and 
the other third going to the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. 
through the old Spreckels ditch, which passes under the weir at that 
point. 

The head on the weir is recorded by clock register. The records 
of head for the past four years have been furnished to the Geological 
Survey by the Maui Agricultural Co. and the Hawaiian Commercial & 
Sugar Co. During 1911 a series of careful meter measurements 
was made in the flume just above the weir basin. These measure- 
ments give a well-defined curve which shows a much larger quantity 
of water at all gage heights than the weir formula for sharp-crested 
weir. (See fig, 1, p. 18.) 



ISLAND OF MAXn. 263 

Discharge measurements of Koolau ditch at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hy<lrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 4 

Nov. 10 

10 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
7.9 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 


Sq.ft. 
29.2 
27.2 
27.2 
33.6 
26.0 
25.3 
27.3 
29.3 
29.6 
33.7 
29.1 
31.5 


Feet. 

0.84 
.67 
.67 

1.46 
.54 
.45 
.68 
.94 
.97 

1.47 
.93 

1.22 


Sec.-ft. 
61 


J B Stewart 


43 8 


do 


42.8 


14 


do - 


138 


23 


do 


30.0 


23 




23.6 


23 


do 


43.4 


23 


do 


70 


23 


do 


75 


23 


do 


143 




do 


69 


13 


do 


las 









jjoTE.— Measurements made in flume above division weir. Gage height obtained by measuring the head 
on the weir. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Koolau ditch at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1908-1911. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1908. 
1 


1.55 
1.45 
1.25 
1.05 
.9 

.8 
.75 
.7 
.7 
.65 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.55 
1.55 

1.25 

1.35 

.95 

.85 

.9 

.8 
.7 
.65 
.6 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.7 
1.25 

1.45 

1.5 

1.45 

1.35 

1.25 

1.2 
1.25 
1.1 
1.0 
.95 


1.55 

1.5 

1.35 

1.55 

1.55 

1.6 

1.6 

1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.45 

1.3 

1.25 

1.25 

1.1 

1.05 

1.05 

1.05 

1.00 
.95 
.90 
.90 

.85 

.80 
.75 
.75 
.70 

1.55 
1.45 
1.25 
1.10 
1.05 

1.25 

1.5 

1.3 

1.1 

1.0 


0.70 
.70 
.65 
.60 

1.15 

.85 
.70 
.65 
.60 
.60 

.60 
.55 
.55 
.55 
.55 

.50 
.65 
.80 
1.20 
.75 

.65 
.60 
.55 
.55 
.55 

.50 
.50 
.50 
.45 
.45 
.45 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 


0.50 
.65 
1.20 
1.00 
1.15 

1.15 
.90 
1.45 
1.55 
1.5 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.50 
1.60 

1.50 

1.40 

1.4 

1.3 

1.45 

1.5 

1.45 

1.25 

1.15 

1.05 

1.0 
.95 
1.15 
1.05 
1.10 

1.5 

1.25 

1.0 

1.05 

1.0 

.95 
1.2 
1.0 
1.15 

.85 


1.0 

.9 

.95 

1.15 

1.05 

1.4 
1.1 
1.2 
1.15 

1.05 

1.15 

i.a5 

.9 

.85 
.95 

.8 

.85 

.75 

.8 

.7 

.8 
.95 

1.5 

1.1 
.9 

.85 
.8 
.9 
.85 
.8 
.75 

.65 

.8 

1.45 

1.55 

1.55 

1.45 

1.4 

1.35 

1.25 

1.5 


0.70 
.7 
.7 
.65 

.7 

.75 

.7 

.65 

.65 

.6 

.65 
.65 
.6 
.65 
1.05 

.9 
.75 
1.0 
.95 

.85 

1.15 
1.45 
1.55 
1.55 
1.4 

1.2 
1.05 
.95 

.85 
.8 

1.25 

1.05 

.95 

.9 

.85 

.85 
.8 
.8 
.75 
.7 


0.75 

1.05 

1.3 

1.5 

1.25 

1.0 
.9 

.85 
.8 
.8 

.75 

.85 

.8 

.85 

.85 

.75 

.7 
.7 
.7 
.85 

. 1.25 

1.15 

.85 

.75 

1.2 

1.35 
1.2 
1.35 
1.05 
1.45 
1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.45 

1.3 

1.15 

1.3 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 


1.4 

1.55 

1.55 

1.3 

1.3 

1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.35 

1.2 
1.4 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 

1.35 
1.2 
1.05 
1.0 
.9 

.85 
.85 

1.0 

1.6 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.45 

1.25 

1.3 

1.55 

1.4 

1.4 

1.3 

1.25 

1.15 

1.1 

1.1 

1.1 

1.05 

1.15 


1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.45 
1.4 

1.4 

1.25 

1.10 

1.05 

1.05 

1.4 
1.55 
1.45 
1.45 
1.4 

1.45 
1.25 
1.55 
1.55 
1.-55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.35 

1.25 

1.15 

1.05 

1.0 

1.0 
.95 
.95 

.9 

.85 

.8 
.8 
.75 

.7 

.7 

.9 

.75 

.7 


0.9 

.85 
.85 
.85 
.8 

.8 

.8 

1.2 

.9 

.8 

.75 
.7 
.7 
.85 
1.2 

.8 
.75 
.95 
,85 
1.15 

1.35 
1.05 
1.05 
1.15 
.95 

.85 

.75 

.75 

.70 

.7 

.65 

1.2 

1.4 

1.4 

1.25 

1.3 

1.25 

1.1 

1.0 
.95 
.9 


0.60 
.55 
.55 
.80 

1.45 

.95 

1.0 

.9 

.75 

.7 

.7 
.65 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.55 
.8 
.65 
.65 
.60 

..55 
.50 
.50 

1.0 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.65 

1.5 

1.5 

1.0 

.9 

1.15 

1.2 

.9 

.75 
.95 
1.05 
.85 
.95 


1.55 


2 


1.5 


3 


1.35 


4 


1.35 


5 


1.15 


6 

7 


1.3 
1.55 


8 


1.55 


9 


1.55 


10 


1.55 


11 


1.5 


12 


1.35 


13 


1.25 


14 


1.15 


15 


1.05 


16 


1.0 


17 


1.1 


18 


1.5 


19 


1.55 


20 


1.55 


21 


1.55 


22 


1.55 


23 


1.5 


24 


1.5 


25 


1.55 


26 


1.55 


27 


1.55 


28 


1.55 


29 


1.55 


30 


1.55 


31 


1.5 


1909. 
1 


.45 


2 


.45 


3 


.85 


4 


.50 


5 


.45 


6 


.45 


7 


.4 


8 


.4 


9 


.4 


10 


.4 



264 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAH. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Koolau ditch at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1908-1911— Gontinned. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jiine. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1909. 
11 


0.95 
.9 

.85 

.8 

.75 

.75 

.7 

.65 

.65 

.65 

.6 
.6 
.75 
.9 
.85 

1.3 
1.5 
1.3 
1.4 
1.5 
1.55 

1.05 

.95 

.9 

1.2 

1.55 

1.45 

1.3 
.95 
.65 
.15 

.95 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 

1.55 
.7 
.95 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.65 

1.55 

1.3 
1.15 
1.15 
1.55 
.95 

.20 

.65 

1.05 

1.05 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.35 

1.15 


0.95 

1.1 

1.15 
.95 
.85 

.8 
1.4 
1.55 
1.45 
1.35 

1.2 

1.1 

1.45 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 
1.15 
1.55 

1.65 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.6 

1.4 

1.35 

1.25 

1.2 

1.25 

1.35 

1.5 

1.35 

1.2 

1.15 
1.05 
1.1 
.95 

.8 

1.25 
1.55 
1.25 
1.05 
.95 

.85 
.85 
.8 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.65 

1.65 

1.5 

1.4 

1.2 


1.4 
.9 

.7 

.75 

.75 

.65 

.1 

.0 

.0 

.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 

.1 
.1 

.6 
1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.45 
1.45 

0.85 
.9 
1.55 
1.60 
1.5 

1.4 

1.45 

1.2 

1.1 

1.0 

.95 

.85 
.85 
.8 
.75 

.7 

.7 

.7 
1.2 
1.45 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.45 

1.3 

1.3 

1.5 

1.45 
1.2 
1.15 
1.05 
1.0 

.95 
.9 

.85 
.8 
.8 

.75 

.7 

.7 

.7 

.7 


0.5 

.4 
.75 
.75 

.7 

1.05 

1.0 
.95 
.95 
.9 

.85 
.8 
.8 
.75 
.7 

.7 

.65 

.65 

.65 

.6 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.45 
1.4 
1.35 
1.25 
1.25 

1.15 

1.5 

1.55 

1.45 

1.35 

1.3 
1.2 
1.3 
1.5 
1.55 

1.55 

1.4 

1.3 

1.15 

1.15 

0.9 
1.0 
1.0 

.8 
.7 

.7 
.65 
.6 
.6 

.55 

.5 

.55 

.5 

.5 

.5 


1.35 

1.45 

1.5 

1.5 

1.4 

1.3 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 

1.0 
1.0 

.95 

.9 

.85 

1.2 

1.45 

1.1 

1.1 

1.0 

1.0 

1.25 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.65 

1.5 

1.5 

1.4 

1.4 

1.25 

1.4 

1.55 

1.4 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.4 
1.35 
1.35 
1.35 
1.25 

1.15 
1.1 
1.0 
.95 
1.05 
1.55 

1.3 

1.45 

1.25 

1.1 

1.2 

1.35 

1.3 

1.35 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.45 

1.4 

1.5 

1.5 


0.7 

.85 

.8 

1.1 

1.55 

1.35 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 

1.55 

1.3 

1.2 

1.05 

1.35 

1.5 

1.3 

1.2 

1.35 

1.2 

1.65 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 
1.55 
1.0 
1.55 
1 55 

1.65 

1.56 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 

1.45 

1.4 

. 1.35 

1.25 

1.2 

1.1 

1.05 

1.05 

1.05 

1.05 

1.2 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.4 


1.5 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.65 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.65 
1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.45 

1.45 

1.5 

1.5 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.65 
1.5 

0.95 

1.0 

1.25 

1.55 

1.45 

1.45 
1.4 
1.26 
1.15 
1.10 

1.2 
1.1 
.95 
1.25 
1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.36 

1.25 

1.15 

1.1 

1.05 

1.0 

1.2 

1.05 
.96 
.9 

.85 
.85 
.86 

1.5 

1.35 

1.'3 

1.45 

1.45 

1.46 
1.45 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.45 

1.5 

1.3 

1.3 

1.4 


1.05 

1.0 

1.0 

.95 

.8 

.85 

.9 

.85 

1.0 

1.05 

1.1 

1.25 

1.5 

1.45 

1.2 

1.1 

1.0 
.96 
.95 
.9 
.95 

0.85 
.95 
1.55 
1.55 
1.5 

1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.25 

1.16 

1.4 

1.65 

1.5 

1.4 

1.26 

1.25 

1.1 

1.1 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.35 
1.4 
1.46 
1.2 
1.05 
.95 

0.7 
.8 
.85 
.7 
.65 

.6 

.55 

.55 

.55 

.5 

.5 

.6 

.65 

.55 

.76 


0.75 

.85 

.85 

1.05 

.85 

.95 

.95 

.9 

1.3 

1.15 

.96 
1.0 
1.6 
1.55 
1.35 

1.25 

1.5 

1.5 

1.45 

1.35 

0.9 

.86 
.9 
.85 
.8 

.75 

.7 

.65 

.6 

.6 

.55 

.55 

.55 

.5 

.5 

.55 

.56 

.5 

.45 

.45 

.45 
.4 
.4 
.45 
.4 

.4 

.35 

.4 

1.0 

1.56 

1.15 
1.3 
1.15 
1.1 
.95 

.95 
1.4 
1.5 
1.4 
1.3 

1.65 

1.5 

1.3 

1.25 

1.35 


0.9 
1.05 

.85 

.8 
1.2 

1.2 
.96 

.85 

.8 

.8 

1.05 

.85 

1.45 

1.05 

.9 

.8 
.8 
.75 
.7 
.9 
1.2 

1.26 
1.55 
1.55 
1.26 
1.05 

1.15 

1.3 

1.3 

1.5 

1.5 

1.2 

1.05 

.9 

.8 

.75 

.7 

.65 

.66 

.6 

.9 

.76 
1.26 
1.1 

.76 
.7 

.6 

.6 

.7 

.65 

.55 

.56 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 
1.5 
1.5 
1.45 

1.45 
1.35 
1.25 
1.2 
1.2 


0.85 

.8 
1.25 
1.15 

.95 

.85 

.75 
.7 
.7 
.65 

.6 
.6 

.65 
.55 
.55 

.5 

.5 

.45 

.45 

.45 

0.5 
.5 
.65 
.6 
.5 

.5 

.45 

.45 

.45 
.46 

.4 
.4 

.4 
.35 
.35 

.45 
1.0 
1.15 
1.15 

.7 

.65 
.55 

1.06 

1.2 

.7 

.6 

.6 
1.2 
1.6 
1.55 

0.6 
.6 
.6 
.55 
.65 

.65 
.75 
1.1 
.76 
.65 

.65 

.6 

1.15 

1.45 

1.3 


0.35 


12 


.35 


13 


.35 


14 


.35 


15 


.35 


16 


.4 


17 


1.4 


18 


1.45 


19 


1.55 


20 


1.5 


21 


1.45 


22 


1.45 


23 


1.55 


24 


1.5 




1.4 




1.65 


27 


1.5 




1.25 


29 


1.2 




1.45 


31 


1.2 


1910. 
1 


1.65 


2 


1.55 


3, 


1.5 


4 


1.55 




1.55 




1.55 


7 


1.45 


8 

9.... 


1.45 
1.4 


10 


1.35 


11 


1.2 


12 


1.15 




1.1 


14 


1.05 




.95 




.9 


17 


.85 




.8 


19 


.8 




.75 


21 


.75 


22 


.76 




1.1 


24 


1.65 




1.55 




1.6 


27 


1.5 




1.25 


29 


1.05 


30 


.95 


31 


1.2 


1911. 
1 


1.2 


2 


1.05 


3 


1.0 


4 


1.0 




1.0 




1.2 


7 


1.25 




1.45 


9 


1.2 




1.15 




1.1 


12 


1.15 


13 


1.2 


14 


1.5 




1.55 



ISLAND OF MAITI. 



265 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Koolau ditch, at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1908-1911— CoutmnQA. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
16 


1.10 
1.05 

.95 

.9 

.85 

.8 

.95 

.95 

1.4 

1.35 

1.1 

1.45 

1.5 

1.35 

1.25 

1.5 


0.1 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.6 

.9 

.85 

1.25 

1.05 

1.05 
1.35 
1.5 


0.65 
.65 
.6 

1.05 
.95 

.85 

.8 

.7 

.7 

.65 

.65 
.6 
.6 
.55 
.6 
1.0 


0.55 
.95 
1.05 
1.0 
1.05 

1.05 
.05 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.45 
.75 

1.4 

1.3 

1.35 


1.5 

1.5 

1.5 

1.45 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.5 

1.4 

1.3 

1.4 

1.35 

1.2 

1.15 

1.1 

1.05 


1.4 
1.3 

1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.45 
1.4 
1.25 
1.25 
1.3 

1.4 
1.4 

1.35 
1.2 
1.2 


1.4 

1.2 
1.05 
1.05 
1.05 

.95 
1.0 
1.05 

.95 

.85 

.8 

.75 

.7 

.7 

.65 

.65 


1.35 
1.15 
1.15 
1.55 
1.25 

1.0 

:l 

1.4 
1.5 

1.35 

1.15 

1.0 

1.5 

1.55 

1.4 


1.25 

1.4 

1.5 

1.4 

1.55 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.65 

1.55 

1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 
1.55 


1.2 

1.15 

1.05 

.95 

.95 

.9 
.9 
.8 
.9 
.9 

.85 

.75 

.7 

.7 

.65 

.65 


1.1 

1.45 

1.4 

1.45 

1.45 

l.S 
1.5 

1.25 
1.55 
1.35 

1.2 
1.2 
1.55 
1.5 
1.3 


1.55 


17 


1 55 


18 


1 55 


19 


1 55 


20 


1 55 


21 


1 5 


22 


1.4 


23 


1 3 


24 


1 25 


25 


1.15 


26 


1.1 


27 


1.05 


28 


1.2 


29 


1 15 




1.15 


31 


1.1 







Note. — Gage height taken from clock record sheet and is depth of water on crest of 9-paael weir. Length 
of each panel is 29 inches. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Koolau ditch, at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, 

for 1908-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1908. 
1 


151 
136 
108 
83 
66 

56 
51 
46 
46 
42 

37 
37 
37 
32 
151 

108 
121 
72 
61 
66 

56 
46 
42 
37 
37 

37 
37 
37 
37 
46 
108 

136 
143 
136 
121 
108 
101 

108 
88 
77 
72 


151 
143 
121 
151 
151 

159 
169 
159 
151 
151 

151 
143 
136 
114 
108 

108 
88 
83 
83 
83 

77 
72 
66 
66 
61 

56 
51 
51 
46 

151 
136 
108 
88 
83 

108 
143 
114 
88 

77 


46 
46 
42 
37 
95 

61 
46 
42 
37 
37 

37 
32 
32 
32 
32 

28 
42 
56 
101 
51 

42 
37 
32 
32 
32 

28 
28 
28 
24 
24 
24 

151 

151 
151 
151 
151 

151 
151 
151 
143 
151 


28 
42 
101 
77 
95 

95 
66 
136 
151 
143 

151 
151 
151 
143 
159 

143 
128 
128 
114 
136 

143 
136 
108 
95 
83 

77 
72 
95 
83 
88 

143 
108 

77 
83 
77 

72 
101 
77 
95 
61 


77 
66 
72 
95 
83 

128 
88 

101 
95 
83 

95 
83 
66 
61 

72 

56 
61 
51 
56 
46 

56 
72 
143 
88 
66 

61 
56 
66 
61 
56 
51 

42 
56 
136 
151 
151 

136 
128 
121 
108 
143 


46 
46 
46 
42 
46 

51 
46 
42 
42 
37 

42 
42 
37 
42 
83 

66 
51 
77 
72 
61 

95 
136 
151 
151 
128 

101 
83 
72 
61 
56 

108 
83 
72 
66 
61 

61 
56 
56 
51 
46 


51 

83 
114 
143 
108 

77 
66 
61 
56 
56 

51 
61 
56 
61 
61 

51 
'46 
46 
46 
61 

108 
95 
61 
51 

101 

121 
101 
121 
83 
136 
143 

151 
143 
136 
114 
95 

114 
151 
151 
143 
143 


128 
151 
151 
114 
114 

128 
143 
143 
143 
121 

101 
128 
143 
143 

128 

121 
101 

83 
77 
66 

61 
61 
77 
159 
151 

151 
151 
136 
108 
114 
151 

128 
128 
114 
108 
95 

88 
88 
88 
83 
95 


151 

151 
151 
136 
128 

128 
108 
88 
83 
83 

128 
151 
136 
136 

128 

136 
108 
151 
151 
151 

151 
143 
121 
108 
95 

83 

77 
77 
72 
72 

66 
61 
56 
56 
51 

46 
46 
66 
51 
46 


66 
61 
61 
61 
66 

66 
66 
101 
66 
56 

51 
46 
46 
61 
101 

56 
51 
72 
61 
95 

121 
83 
83 
96 
72 

61 
61 

61 
46 
46 
42 

101 

128 
128 
108 
114 

108 
88 
77 
72 
66 


37 
32 
32 
66 
136 

72 
77 
66 
51 
46 

46 
42 
37 
37 
37 

32 
66 
42 
42 
37 

32 
28 
28 
77 
143 

151 
151 
168 
143 
143 

77 
66 
95 
101 
66 

61 
72 
83 
61 
72 


151 


2 


143 


3 


121 


4 


121 


5 


95 


6 


114 


7 


161 


8 


151 


9 


151 


10 


151 


11 


143 


12 


121 


13 


108 


14 


95 


15 


83 


16 


77 


17 


88 


18 


143 


19 

20 


1-51 
151 


21 


151 


22 


151 


23 :. 


143 


24 


143 


25 


151 


26 


151 


27 


151 


28 


151 


29 


151 


30 


151 


31 


143 


1909. 
1 . .. 


24 


2 


24 


3 


61 


4 


28 


5 


24 


6 


24 


7 


20 


8 


20 


9... : : 


20 


lo::::::::::::::: 


20 



266 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Koolau ditch, at Alo division weir, near Huelo, 
for 1908-1911— ContinvLQd.. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec, 


1909. 
11 


72 
66 
01 
56 
51 

51 
46 
42 

42 
42 

37 
37 
51 
66 
61 

114 
143 
114 
128 
143 
151 

83 

72 

66 
101 
151 

136 
114 

72 

42 
5 

72 
151 
151 
151 
151 

151 
151 
151 
151 
151 

151 

46 

72 
143 
143 

143 
151 
151 
151 
151 
151 

114 

95 

95 
151 

72 

7.1 
42 
83 
83 
143 

143 
151 
143 
121 
95 


72 
88 
95 
72 
61 

56 
128 
151 
136 
121 

101 
88 
136 
151 
151 

151 
95 
151 

151 
151 
151 
143 
151 

143 
128 
121 
108 
101 

108 
121 
143 
121 
101 

95 

83 
88 
72 
56 

108 
151 

108 
83 
72 

61 
61 
56 

113 
143 
143 
143 
143 

143 
143 
151 
143 
143 

151 
151 
143 
128 
101 


128 
66 
46 
51 
51 

42 
2.8 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 

0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
2.8 
2.8 

37 
114 
101 
101 
136 
136 

61 

66 
151 
159 
143 

128 
136 
101 

88 
77 

72 
61 
61 
56 
51 

46 

46 

46 
101 
136 

151 
151 
151 
151 
143 

151 

143 
136 
114 
114 
143 

136 
101 

95 

83 

77 

72 
66 
61 
66 
56 

51 
46 
46 
46 
46 


28 
20 
51 
51 
46 

83 

77 
72 
72 
66 

61 
56 
56 
51 
46 

46 
42 

42 
42 
37 

151 
151 
151 
151 
143 

143 
143 
151 
143 
143 

136 
128 
121 
108 
108 

95 
143 
151 
136 
121 

114 
101 
114 
143 
151 

151 
128 
114 
95 
95 

66 

77 
77 
56 
46 

46 
42 
37 
37 
32 

28 
32 
28 
28 
28 


121 
136 
143 
143 

128 

114 
101 
101 
101 
88 

77 
77 
72 
66 
61 

101 
136 

88 
88 
77 
77 

108 
151 
143 
151 
143 

143 
151 
151 
151 
143 

143 
128 
128 
108 
128 

151 
128 
143 
151 
143 

128 
121 
121 
121 
108 

95 

88 
77 
72 
83 
151 

114 
136 
108 
88 
101 

121 
114 
121 
151 
151 

143 
136 
128 
143 
143 


46 
61 
56 
88 
151 

121 
101 
88 
101 
151 

114 
101 
83 
121 
143 

114 
101 
121 
101 
151 

151 
151 
151 
143 
143 

143 
151 
143 
151 
151 

151 
151 
151 
143 
151 

143 
143 
143 
143 
143 

143 
136 
128 
121 
108 

101 
88 
83 
83 
83 

83 
101 
143 
143 
151 

143 
151 
151 
151 
151 

143 
143 
143 
143 
128 


143 
151 
151 
151 
151 

151 
151 
151 
151 
151 

151 
143 
136 
136 
143 

143 
151 
151 
151 
151 
143 

72 
77 
108 
151 
136 

136 
128 
108 
95 
88 

101 
88 
72 
108 
151 

151 

151 
143 
121 
108 

95 
88 
83 
77 
101 

83 
72 
66 
61 
61 
61 

143 
121 
114 
136 
136 

136 
136 
128 
128 
128 

136 
143 

114 
114 

128 


83 

77 
77 
72 
66 

61 
66 
61 

77 
83 

88 
108 
143 
136 
101 

88 
77 
72 
72 
66 
72 

61 
72 
151 
151 
143 

143 
128 
128 
128 
108 

95 
128 
151 
143 
128 

108 
108 
88 
88 
151 

151 
143 
143 
143 
143 

121 
128 
136 
101 
83 
72 

46 
56 
61 
46 
42 

37 
32 
32 
32 
28 

28 
37 
42 
32 
61 


51 
61 
61 
83 
61 

72 
72 
66 
114 
95 

72 

77 

143 

151 

121 

108 
143 
143 
136 
121 

66 
61 
66 
61 
56 

51 

46 
42 
37 
37 

32 
32 
32 
28 
28 

32 
32 
28 
24 
24 

24 
20 
20 
24 
20 

20 
16 
20 
77 
151 

95 
114 
95 
88 
72 

72 
128 
143 
128 
114 

151 
143 
114 
108 
121 


66 
83 
61 
56 
101 

101 
72 
61 
56 
56 

83 
61 
136 
83 
66 

56 
56 
51 
46 
66 
101 

108 
151 
151 
108 
83 

95 
114 
114 
143 
143 

101 
83 
66 
56' 
51 

46 
42 
42 
37 
66 

51 
108 
88 
51 
46 

37 
37 
46 
42 
32 
32 

151 
143 
151 
151 
151 

143 
151 
143 
143 
136 

136 
121 
108 
101 
101 


61 
56 
108 
95 
72 

61 
51 
46 
46 
42 

37 
37 
32 
32 
32 

28 
28 
24 
24 
24 

28 
28 
32 
37 
28 

28 
24 
24 
24 
24 

20 
20 
20 
16 
16 

24 
77 
95 
95 
46 

42 
32 
83 
101 
46 

37 
37 
101 
159 
151 

37 
37 
37 
32 
42 

42 
51 
88 
51 
42 

42 
37 
95 
136 
114 


16 


12 


16 


13 


16 


14 


16 


15 


16 


16 


20 


17 


128 


18 


136 


19 


151 


20 


143 


21 


136 


22 


136 


23 


151 


24 


143 




128 




151 


27 


143 


28 


108 


29 


101 




136 


31 


101 


1910. 
1 


151 


2 


151 


3 


143 


4 


151 




151 


6 


151 


7 


136 


8 


136 


9 


128 




121 


11 


101 


12 


95 




88 


14 


83 


15 


72 


16 


66 


17 


61 


18 


56 


19 


56 


20 


51 


21 


51 


22 


51 




88 


24 


151 


25 


151 




159 


27 


143 


28 


108 


29 


83 


30 


72 


31 


101 


1911. 
1 


101 


2 


83 


3 


77 


4 


77 


5 


77 


6 


101 


7 


108 


8 


136 


9 


101 




95 


11 


88 


12 


95 


13 


101 


14 


143 


15 


151 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



267 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Koolau ditch, at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, 
for 1908-1911— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
16 


88 
~ 83 
72 
66 
61 

50 
72 
72 
128 
121 

88 
136 
143 
121 
108 
143 


2.8 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 
0.0 

37 
66 
61 
108 
83 

83 
121 
143 


42 
42 
37 
83 
72 

61 
56 
46 
46 
42 

42 
37 
37 
32 

37 

77 


32 
72 
83 

77 
83 

83 
1.4 




24 

51 
128 
114 
121 


143 
143 
143 
136 
143 

151 
151 
143 
128 
114 

128 
121 
101 
95 
88 
83 


128 
114 
128 
128 
128 

136 
128 
108 
108 
114 

128 
128 
121 
101 
101 


128 
101 
83 
83 
83 

72 
77 
83 
72 
61 

56 
51 
46 
46 
42 
42 


121 
95 
95 
151 
108 

77 
66 
66 
128 
143 

121 
95 
77 
143 
151 
128 


108 
128 
143 
128 
151 

143 
151 
151 
151 
151 

151 
151 
151 
151 
151 


101 
95 
83 
72 
72 

66 
66 
56 
66 
66 

61 
51 
46 
46 

42 
42 


88 
136 
128 
136 
136 

143 
143 
108 
151 
121 

101 
101 
151 
143 
114 


151 


17 


151 


18 


151 


19 


151 


20 


151 


21 


143 


22 


128 


23 


114 


24 


108 


25 


95 


26 


88 


27 


83 


28 


101 


29 


95 




95 


31 


88 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from a current meter rating curve that is well defined 

Monthly discharge of Koolau ditch at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1908-1911. 



Month. 



1908. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1909. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

Septem.ber 

October 

November 

December , 

The year 

1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


151 


32 


65.4 


4,020 


159 


46 


108 


6,210 


101 


24 


40.7 


2,500 


159 


28 


111 


6,60n 


143 


46 


74.5 


4, 580 


151 


37 


68.4 


4,070 


143 


46 


79.9 


4,910 


159 


61 


121 


7,440 


151 


72 


119 


7,080 


121 


42 


65.5 


4,o.;o 


168 


28 


68.6 


4,080 


151 


77 


134 


8,240 


168 


24 


87.8 


63,800 


151 


37 


85.9 


5,280 


151 


56 


111 


6,160 


151 


0.0 


81.3 


5,000 


143 


20 


64.6 


3,840 


151 


42 


105 


6,460 


151 


46 


92.5 


6,500 


151 


95 


143 


8,790 


143 


61 


89.1 


5,480 


151 


46 


83.2 


4,950 


136 


40 


80.9 


4,970 


108 


24 


56.0 


3,330 


151 


16 


76.0 


4,670 


151 


0.0 


89.1 


64,400 


151 


5.0 


120 


7,380 


151 


56 


108 


6,000 


159 


46 


108 


6,610 


151 


95 


131 


7,800 


151 


72 


127 


7,810 


151 


83 


134 


7,970 


151 


61 


101 


6,210 


151 


61 


121 


7,440 


151 


16 


40.2 


2,-390 


151 


32 


76.5 


4,700 


159 


16 


49.8 


2,960 


159 


51 


107 


6,580 


159 


5.0 


102 


73,900 



Run-off 



268 



WA.TEE BESOURCES OF HAWAIL 



Monthly discharge of Koolau ditch at Alo division weir, near Huelo, Maui, 
for 1908-1911— <joMva\ied. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 

(total in 
acre-feet). 



19U. 

January 

February 

March • 

A pril 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December P. 

The year 



151 

151 
136 
128 
151 
151 
143 
151 
151 
151 
151 
151 



7.1 
0.0 
32 
0.0 

83 
83 
42 
28 
72 
42 
32 
77 



0.0 



99.9 

101 
58.9 
51.0 

126 

129 
98.9 
76.4 

128 
98.7 
92.8 

111 



97.5 



6,140 
5,610 
3,620 
3,030 
7,750 
7,680 
6,080 
4,700 
7,620 
6,070 
5,520 
6,820 



70,600 



SPRECKELS DITCH REGION. 



GENERAL FEATURES. 



The Spreckels' ditch region embraces that section of the ditch 
country west of Keanae and east of Kailua. Spreckels ditch heads 
in Nuaailua Stream at an elevation somewhat less than 2,000 feet, 
and intercepts all streams westward to Nailiilihaele Stream. This 
ditch is one of the early ditches built in the islands and consists of a 
series of ditches which take out water from one stream, carry it 
across the ridge, and drop it into another stream, to be picked up in 
a similar manner lower down. This ditch is really an extension of 
the Haiku ditch. It intercepts water from the following streams: 
Nuaailua, Honomanu, Ulawina, Kolea Nos. 1, 2, and 3, Haipuaena, 
Puohakamoa, Alo, Waikamoi, Kolea, Punaluu, and Oopuola. 

The largest streams contributing water to this ditch are Hono- 
manu, Haipuaena, and Puohakamoa, which rise on the northern 
slope of Haleakala at a distance of 6 or 8 miles from the sea. 

HAIPUAENA STREAM N«EAR HUELO, MAUI. 

Haipuaena is one of the large streams intercepted by the East 
Maui ditches. It is just east of Puahakamoa Stream and is west of 
Honomanu, It rises well up on the mountain side and its flow, is 
fairly good at all times. 

A gaging station was estabUshed on this stream about 100 feet 
above the trail crossing and ditch intake, December 18, 1910. This 
station is about 6^ miles by trail southeast of Kailua (Huelo post 
office). 

A vertical staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot, is fastened to 
the left bank and is used to obtain gage heights. 

The discharge at this station includes the total flow of the stream 
itself and the flow of Spreckels ditch as measured at station No. 3. 
Spreckels ditch is turned into Haipuaena Stream several hundred feet 
above the station on the stream and takes out again about 100 feet 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



269 



below this station. To obtain discharge of Haipuaena Stream alone, 
subtract discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. 3. 

Discharge measurements of Haipuaena Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Jan. 21 


C . H . Pierce 


Feet. 
14.8 
14.2 


Sq.ft. 
20.5 
21.0 


Feet. 
0.80 
1.00 
1.35 


Sec.-ft. 
15.3 


Apr. 3 
Nov 15 


.. do 


30.3 


J. B . Stewart 


049.2 













« Discharge was obtained by adding the flow of Spreckels ditch to that of the stream below ditch intake. 
Note. — Measurements made at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Haipuaena Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Tom Pahukoa and Kumagai, observers.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




11.. 
12.. 
13.. 
14.. 
15.. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 


1910. 






21... 


1910. 




0.80 


2 












22 


.90 


3 ... 












23 


.90 


4 












24 


1.60 


5 
















6 .... 












26 


2.80 














27 


2.60 


8 










0.70 
.80 
.70 


28 


1.20 


9 










29 


1.10 


10 ... 




20. 








30 


1.03 














31 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.6 

1.32 

1.2 

1.85 

1.64 

1.42 
1.24 
1.12 
1.03 
2.62 

2.72 
1.61 
1.71 
1.34 
1.18 

1.32 

1.12 

1.0 

.9 

.75 

.8 

.85 

.74 

1.65 

1.32 

1.24 

2.1 

1.34 

1.28 

1.18 

1.84 


1.97 
2.00 
1.84 
2.05 
1.70 

2.90 
1.62 
2.80 
2.85 
4.20 

1.50 

1.20 

1.1 

1.12 

1.07 

.97 

.89 

.84 

.8 

.9 

.75 

.7 

.68 

1.64 

.87 

.81 
1.97 
1.74 


1.27 
.91 
.85 
.75 
.71 

.68 
.67 
.65 
.60 
.67 

.6 

.53 

.5 

.67 

.69 

.65 
.62 
.57 
1.2 
.81 

.89 

.67 

.62 

.6 

.73 

.95 

.65 

.61 

.6 

.81 

1.4.'; 


0.97 
1.74 
1.01 

.87 
.81 

.74 

.81 

.65 

.6 

.6 

.58 
.55 
.54 
.53 
.53 

.49 
1.44 
1.41 
2.65 
1.42 

1.65 

1.44 

3.9 

1.47 

2.47 

2.00 

1.8 

1.46 

1.42 

1.25 


1.23 
1.67 
1.10 
1.09 
1.32 

1.65 
1.69 
1.72 
2.4 
1.72 

1.62 
1.64 
1.44 
1.78 
1.78 

1.62 
1.61 
1.45 

1.28 
1.75 

1.60 

1.94 

1.7 

1.32 

1.09 

1.34 

1.25 

1.2 

1.8 

1.2 

1.19 


0.95 
1.3 

1.65 
1.75 
1.75 

1.6 

2.8 
1.7 
1.65 

1.75 

1.40 
1.35 
1.45 
1.35 
1.3 

1.5 
1.3 

1.32 
1.35 
1.3 

1.35 

1.3 

1.2 

1.3 

1.33 

1.5 

1.35 

1.3 

1.23 

1.3 


1.5 

1.3 

1.2 

1.45 

1.3 

1.4 

1.4 

1.35 

1.3 

1.4 

1.5 

1.45 

1.3 

1.3 

1.55 

1.35 

1.2 

1.1 

1.0 

1.1 

1.0 
1.1 

1.15 
.95 

.85 

.83 

.85 

.75 

.7 

.75 

.68 


0.8 

1.03 

1.15 

.75 

.78 

.7 

.65 

.6 

.6 

.58 

.63 
.7 
'1.0 
.7 
.68 

1.4 

1.3 

1.28 
1.75 
1.2 

1.0 
.73 
.9 
1.5 
1.45 

1.33 

1.23 

1.05 

2.7 

1.55 

1.3 


1.15 
1.48 
1.73 
1.2 
1.0 

1.0 

1.65 

1.75 

1.20 

1.15 

1.80 

1.4 

1.25 

1.18 

1.4 

1.18 

1.35 

1.43 

1.3 

1.6 

1.4 

1.65 
1.78 
1.8 
1.4 

2.0 

1.75 

1.63 

1.48 

2.7 


1.48 

1.35 

1.4 

1.4 

1.45 

1.35 

1.55 

1.45 

1.3 

1.2 

1.1 
1.0 

.98 
.88 
.88 

.88 
1.0 
.8 
.73 
.7 

.73 

.7 

.68 

.63 

.73 

.7 

.63 

.6 

.68 

.63 

.55 


0.5 
.5 

.5 
.45 

.48 

.68 
.75 
1.18 
.73 
.63 

.58 

.50 

1.35 

1.53 

1.3 

.95 
1.75 
1.33 
1.55 
1.7 

1.7 

2.4 

1.45 

1.4 

1.4 

1.18 

1.0 

1.55 

1.33 

1.15 


1.0 


2 


.9 


3 


.83 


4 


.83 


5 


.83 


6 


1.15 


7 


1.1 


8 


1.45 


9 


1.08 


10 


.98 


11 


.88 


12 . 


.85 


13 


1.13 


14 


2.2 


15 


2.7 


16 


1.75 


17 


1.48 


18 


1.78 




1.68 


20 


1.45 


21 


1.3 




1.2 


23 


1.05 




1.03 


25 


.95 


26 


.85 


27 


.8 


28 


.78 




1.03 


30 


1.03 




.98 













Note.— Gage was read but once a day, the reading being taken in the afternoon. 



270 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Haipitaena Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Tom Pahukoa and Kumaga, observers.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dee. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


20 


2 




12 




22 


24 


3 




13 




23 


24 


4 




14 




24 


62 


5 




15 




25 


O103 


6 




16 




26 


144 


7 




17 




27 


130 


8 




18 


16 
20 
16 


28 


38 


9 




19 


29 


33 


10 




20 


30 


29 








31 


<>46 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


62 
45 
38 
78 
65 

51 
40 
34 
30 
131 

138 
62 
68 
46 
37 

45 
34 

28 
24 
18 

20 
22 
18 
65 
45 

40 
95 
46 
43 
37 
76 


87 
88 
76 
92 
68 

151 
63 
144 
148 
250 

56 
38 
33 
34 
31 

27 
24 
21 
20 
. 24 

18 
16 
15 
64 

22 

20 
87 
71 


41 

24 
22 
18 
16 

15 
15 
14 
12 
15 

12 
94 
8.5 
15 
16 

14 
13 
11 

38 
20 

24 
15 
13 
12 
17 

26 
14 
12 
12 
20 
53 


27 
71 

28 
22 
20 

18 
20 
14 
12 
12 

11 

10 
9.7 
9.4 
9.4 

8.5 
52 
50 
134 

51 

65 

52 
221 

53 
121 

88 
74 
53 
51 
41 


39 
6.5 
33 
32 
45 

65 
68 
69 
116 
69 

63 
64 
52 
73 
73 

63 
62 
52 
42 
71 

62 
84 
68 
45 
32 

46 
40 
38 
74 
38 
37 


26 
44 
64 
71 
71 

62 
144 
68 
64 
71 

50 
46 
52 
46 

44 

56 
44 
45 
46 
44 

46 
44 
38 
44 
45 

56 
46 
44 
39 
44 


56 
44 
38 
52 
44 

50 
50 
46 
44 
50 

56 
52 
44 
44 

58 

46 
38 
33 
28 
33 

28 
33 
35 
26 
21 

21 
21 
18 
16 
18 
15 


20 
29 
35 
18 
19 

16 
14 
12 
12 
11 

13 
16 
28 
16 
15 

50 
44 
42 
71 
38 

28 
17 
24 
56 
52 

45 
39 
30 
137 
58 
44 


35 
54 

70 
38 
28 

28 
64 
71 
38 
35 

74 
50 
40 
37 
50 

37 
46 
51 
44 
62 

50 
64 
73 
74 
50 

88 
71 
63 
54 
137 


54 
46 
50 
50 
52 

46 

58 
52 
44 
38 

33 
28 
27 
15 
15 

15 

28 
20 
17 
16 

17 
16 
15 
13 
17 

16 
13 
12 
11 
13 
10 


8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
7.2 
8.1 

15 

18 
37 
17 
13 

11 
8.5 
46 
57 
44 

26 
71 

45 
58 
68 

68 
116 
52 
50 
50 

37 
28 
58 
45 
35 


28 


2 


24 


3 


21 


4 


21 


6 


21 


6 


35 


7 


33 


8 


52 


9 


32 


10 


27 


11 


23 


12 


21 


13 


34 


14 


102 


15 


137 


16 


71 


17 


54 


18 


73 


19 


66 


20 


52 


21 


44 


22 


38 


23 


30 


24 


29 


25 


26 


26 


21 


27 


20 


28 


19 


29 


29 


30 


29 


31 


27 







o Discharge interpolated. 
Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve fairly weU defined between 20 and 50 second-feet. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 271 

Monthly discharge of Haipuaena Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


144 


16 


50.4 


1,400 


138 


18 


51 


3,140 


250 


15 


63.9 


3,550 


94 


8.5 


21 


1,290 


221 


8.5 


46.9 


2,790 


116 


32 


57.4 


3,530 


144 


26 


53.5 


3,180 


58 


15 


37.4 


2,300 


137 


11 


33.8 


2,080 


137 


28 


55.9 


3,330 


58 


10 


27.6 


1,700 


116 


7.2 


37.1 


2,210 


137 


19 


40.0 


2,460 


250 


7.2 


43.6 


31,600 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 
December 18-31 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Note.— These estimates include the flow of Spreckels ditch, 
subtract flow of Spreckels ditch at station No. 3. 



To get flow of Haipuaena Stream alone, 



PtrOHAKAMOA STREAM NEAR HTTELO, MAITI. 

Puohakamoa Stream is one of the largest streams intercepted by 
the East Maui ditches. It is east of Waikamoi and west of Hai- 
puaena streams and reaches high up on the slope of Haleakala. 

A gaging station was established on this stream at the bridge on the 
trail crossing, about 6 miles by trail southeast of Kailua (Huelo post 
office), December 18, 1910. 

The gage is fastened to stones and to the bridge pier only a few feet 
below the inflow from Spreckels ditch. It is graduated into tenths 
of feet and consists of two sections. 

The discharge at this station includes the flow of Spreckels ditch 
at station No. 4 as well as the total flow of the stream. The water is 
again diverted through Spreckels ditch a few hundred feet below the 
station and excess water may be picked up by the Center ditch at a 
lower elevation. To obtain the discharge of Puohakamoa Stream 
alone, subtract discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. 4. 

Discharge measurements of Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 17 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
19.0 

20.5 
7.3 


Sq. ft. 
32.7 

32.2 
8.2 


Feet. 
0.86 

0.90 
1.03 


Sec.-ft. 
26 2 


1911. 
Jan. 21 


do , 


28.0 


Apr. 4a 


do 


41.1 







a Measurement made in ditch near diversion dam. Total flow of stream was being diverted. 
Note. — Measurements made by wading just above bridge, except as noted. 



272 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAW AH. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Tokunaga, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


0.88 


2 




12 




22 


90 


3 




13 




23 


.92 


4 




14 




24 


3.32 


5 




15 




25 




6 




16 




26 


4.67 


7 




17 




27 


1 60 


8 




18 


82 
.80 
.82 


28 


1.28 


9 




19 


29 


1.14 


10 




20 


30 


1.00 








31 


1.82 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.88 
1.24 
1.30 
2.28 
1.78 

1.32 
1.24 
1.05 
1.00 
2.42 

2.00 
1.87 
2.00 
1.37 
1.20 

1.31 

1.10 

1.02 

.93 

.89 

.88 

.88 

.80 

1.89 

1.48 

1.31 
2.12 
2.40 
1.34 
1.22 
1.67 


1.44 

2.68 
2.25 
2.27 
1.79 

4.00 
2.00 
4.00 
6.50 
3.48 

1.95 
1.52 
1.35 
1.32 
1.25 

1.18 
1.08 
1.00 
.92 
1.25 

.89 

.89 

.80 

1.28 

1.00 

.90 
3.22 
2.23 


1.47 

1.05 

.91 

.89 

.87 

.79 

.78 
.72 
.69 
.81 

.69 
.67 
.64 
1.00 
.98 

.81 

.76 

.68 

2.50 

.82 

.79 
.90 

.77 
.75 
.82 

.78 
.91 
.81 
.74 
.99 
1.18 


1.20 
1.03 
1.18 
1.01 
.83 

.81 
.82 

.78 
.78 
.76 

.74 
.74 
.65 
.60 
.58 

.52 
1.65 
1.60 
1.41 
1.50 

3.20 
1.83 
5.50 
3.00 
2.83 

2.37 
1.72 
1.40 
1.28 
1.24 


1.41 
1.70 
1.28 
1.21 
1.30 

1.32 

1.60 
1.48 
2.95 
2.10 

1.60 
1.38 
1.56 
2.23 
2.95 

1.84 
1.78 
1.55 
1.36 
1.60 

1.71 
2.45 
1.51 
1.40 
1.35 

1.45 
1.42 
1.37 
2.60 
1.23 
1.18 


1.02 
1.32 
2.21 
3.10 
1.97 

2.08 
3.52 
2.18 
2.64 
2.45 

1.65 
1.57 
1.62 
1.55 
1.45 

1.68 
1.44 
1.41 
1.65 
1.48 

1.70 
1.48 
1.31 
1.33 
1.38 

1.79 
1.67 
1.60 
1.51 
1.49 


2.00 
1.48 
1.90 
1.64 
1.55 

1.66 
1.55 
1.52 
1.50 
1.61 

1.80 
1.86 
1.58 
1.49 
1.79 

1.55 
1.38 
1.27 
1.15 
1.24 

i.r5 

1.19 

1.38 

1.05 

.89 

.88 
.89 
.80 
.79 
.79 
.78 


0.89 

1.04 

1.00 

.82 

.84 

.78 
.72 
.69 
.69 
.67 

.77 
.79 
1.18 
.83 
.70 

1.70 
1.58 
1.26 
2.90 
1.34 

.99 

.80 

.82 

1.95 

1.85 

1.55 
1.40 
1.25 
3.60 
2.00 
1.60 


1.30 
1.85 
1.28 
1.28 
1.10 

1.00 
1.80 
2.45 
1.57 
1.27 

2.22 
1.42 
1.38 
«1.30 
1.70 

1.63 
1.61 
1.71 
1.42 
2.09 

1.69 
2.20 
2.50 
2.75 
1.75 

2.19 
2.30 
2.83 
1.80 
5.58 


1.90 
1.57 
1.70 
1.90 
1.72 

1.60 
1.95 
1.75 
1.51 
1.48 

1.30 
1.24 
1.10 
1.02 
1.02 

1.00 
1.12 

.84 
.81 
.80 

.86 
.80 

.78 
.76 
.78 

.78 
.70 
.67 
.63 
.66 
.62 


0.59 
.58 
.67 
.54 
.67 

.70 
.80 
1.75 
.79 
.67 

.67 

.61 

1.72 

2.24 

1.65 

1.31 

2.50 
1.52 
2.00 
1.88 

2.22 
2.07 
1.78 
1.55 
1.41 

1.30 
1.22 
2.18 
1.41 
1.32 


1.24 


2 


1.05 


3 


.95 


4 


.97 


5 


.93 


6 


1.21 


7 


1.32 


8 


2.19 


9 


1.25 


10 


1.10 


11 


1.06 


12 


1.00 


13 


1.27 


14 


2.30 


15 


1.00 


16 


2.08 


17 


2.10 


18 


2.14 


19 


2.07 


20 


1.85 


21 


1.48 


22 


1.30 


23 


1.25 


24 


1.30 


25 


1.08 


26 


.96 


27 


.96 


28 


1.00 


29 


1.08 


30 


1.12 


31 


1.10 







Note. — Gage was read but once a day, the reading being taken in the afternoon. 
Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 .. 


1910. 




11.... 


1910. 




21.... 


1910. 


30 


2. 




12 




22 


30 


3. 




13 




23 


30 


4. 




14 




24 


390 


6 




15 




25 


O580 


6 




16 




26 


770 


7 




17 




27 


90 


8 




18 


24 
24 
24 


28 


60 


9 




19 


29 


48 


10 .... 




20 


30 


37 










31 


115 









ISLAND OF MAUI. 



273 



Dcdly discharge, in second-feet, of Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1911. 

1 

2 

3 , 

4 

S 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 , 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



128 
56 
60 
190 
115 

60 
56 
40 
37 
208 

142 
122 
142 
64 
52 

60 
44 
37 
34 
30 

30 
30 

24 
128 
79 

60 
157 
208 
64 
52 



74 
264 
182 
182 
115 

550 
142 
550 
900 
434 

135 
79 
64 
60 
56 

52 
44 
37 
30 
56 

30 
30 
24 
60 
37 

30 
368 
182 



74 
40 
30 
30 
27 

24 
24 
18 
18 
24 

18 
16 
16 
37 
37 

24 
21 
18 
226 
24 

24 
30 
21 
21 
24 

24 
30 
24 
21 
37 
52 



90 
69 
79 

368 
122 
800 
325 
294 

199 
102 
69 
60 
56 



102 
60 
52 
60 



90 

79 

314 

157 

90 
69 
84 
182 
314 

122 
115 
84 
64 
90 

102 

217 

79 

69 

64 

74 
69 
64 
245 
56 
52 



37 

60 

173 

346 

135 

157 
434 
157 
254 
217 

96 
84 
90 
84 
74 

102 
74 
69 
96 
79 

102 
79 
60 
64 



115 
96 
90 
79 
79 



142 
79 

128 
96 
84 

96 
84 
79 
79 
90 

115 
122 
90 
79 
115 

84 
69 
56 
48 
56 



30 
40 
37 
24 
27 

24 
18 
18 
18 
16 

21 
24 
52 
27 
18 

102 

90 

66 

304 

199 

37 
24 
24 
135 
122 



56 
456 
142 

90 



60 
122 
60 
60 
44 

37 
115 
217 
84 
56 

173 
69 
69 
60 

102 

96 
90 

102 
69 

157 

102 
173 
226 
274 
108 

173 
190 
294 
115 
810 



128 
84 
102 
128 
102 



136 
108 

79 
79 

60 
56 
44 
37 
37 

37 
44 
27 
24 
24 

27 
24 
24 
21 
24 

24 
18 
16 
16 
16 
13 



13 
13 
10 
10 
16 

18 
24 
108 
24 
16 

16 

13 

102 

182 



60 

142 
128 

173 
157 
115 
84 
69 

60 
52 

173 
69 
60 



56 
40 
34 
34 
34 

52 
60 
173 
66 
44 

40 
37 
56 
190 
37 

157 
167 
165 
150 
122 

79 
60 
56 
60 
44 

34 
34 
37 
44 

44 

44 



o Discharge interpolated. 

Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined, it being only approximate 
aboTe 50 second-feet. Discharge applied to nearest half-tenth of gage height. 

Monthly discharge of Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 
December 18-31 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

Angnst 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



770 



208 
900 
226 
800 
314 
434 
142 
456 
810 
135 
226 
190 



900 



161 



10 



92.1 



4,470 



24 


84.0 


5,160 


24 


170 


9,440 


16 


34.0 


2,090 


13 


105 


6,250 


52 


108 


6,640 


37 


122 


7,260 


24 


70.5 


4,830 


16 


76.9 


4,730 


37 


144 


8,670 


13 


53.2 


3,270 


10 


76.9 


4,580 


34 


71.9 


4,420 



66,700 



Note.— These estimates include the flow of SprecJiels ditch. 
sabtract the flow of Spreckels ditch at station No. 4. 

74323*— wsp 318—13 ^18 



To obtain the flow of Puohakamoa Stream 



274 



WATEE RESOUECES OP HAWAH. 



ALO STREAM NEAR HUELO, MAITI. 

Alo Stream is one of the small streams intercepted by the East 
Maui ditches. It is tributary to Waikamoi Stream from the east a 
short distance below the Alo Division weir. Spreckels ditch enters 
this stream a short distance above the weir and about 50 feet below 
the trail bridge crossing. 

The gaging station on this stream was established December 18, 
1910, at the bridge just above the point at which Spreckels ditch 
drops into the stream. This station is about 5 miles southeast of 
Kailua (Huelo post oiffice). 

The gage is fastened to the left bank just below the bridge. 

Records at this station show the total flow of the stream but do 
not include water from the ditch. 

Discharge measurements of Alo Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 16 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
8.5 

8.0 
3.9 
13. C 
14.0 


S,.ft.^ 

6.8 

2.0 

33.6 

12.7 


Feet. 
1.S6 

1.55 
1.48 
2.40 
2.10 


Sec.-ft. 
2 20 


1911. 
Jan. 22 


do 


2.08 


Nov. 10 


J. B. Stewart 


1 38 


17 


do 


41.1 


22 


do 


13.6 









Note. — Measurements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Alo Stream near Huelo Maui, for 1910-11. 
jTokunaga, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910 
1 




1910 
11 




1910 
21 


1.54 


2 




12 




22 


1 70 


3 




13 




23 


1 56 


4 




14 




24 . 


3 12 


5 




15 




25 


2 20 


6 




16 




26 


3.24 


7 




17 




27 


2 30 


8 




18 


1.52 
1.55 
1.54 


28 


1.93 


9 




19 


29 


1 82 


10 




20 


30 


1.74 








31 


1.84 








Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr.. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1. 


1.88 
1.90 
1.80 
1.98 
2.61 

1.90 
1.86 
1.82 
1.72 
2.24 

2.16 
2.18 
2.18 
1.90 
1.86 


2.08 
2.74 
2.32 
2.44 
2.11 

3.02 
2.38 
2.50 
2.49 
3.64 

2.01 
1.92 
1.88 
1.84 
1.70 


1.87 
1.77 
1.67 
1.61 
1.56 

1.52 
1.50 
1.50 

1.48 
1.58 

1.51 
1.44 
1.41 
1.76 
1.74 


1.83 
2.10 
1.85 
1.70 
1.61 

1.57 
1.57 
1.51 
1.50 
1.48 

1.48 
1.46 
1.41 
1.40 
1.39 


1.88 
1.97 
1.87 
1.84 
1.80 

1.88 
1.84 
1.80 
2.56 
2.49 

1.92 
1.90 

1.98 
2.83 
2.33 


1.70 
1.96 
3.24 
2.20 
^.30 

2.01 
2.65 
2.00 
2.05 
2.34 

1.98 
1.92 
2. 09 
2.05 
1.91 


1.93 
1.92 
1.92 
2.01 
1.91 

2.00 
1.96 
1.94 
1.92 
1.96 

2.10 
2.12 
1.98 
1.92 
2.16 


1.60 
1.84 
1.69 
1.63 
1.64 

1.52 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.42 

1.42 
1.52 
1.83 
1.53 
1.50 


1.90 
1.94 
1.92 
1.92 
1.74 

1.70 
2.04 
2.10 
2.04 
1.91 

2:60 
2.07 
1.99 
1.91 
1.96 


2.14 
2.04 
2.08 
2.10 
2.02 

1.98 
2.33 
2.10 
2.00 
1.99 

1.82 
1.80 
1.77 
1.70 
1.68 


1.38 
1.38 
1.36 
1.34 
1.35 

1.52 
1.51 
1.95 
1.54 
1.46 

1.43 
1.39 
2.13 
2.19 
2.06 


1 84 


2 


1.70 


3 


1 60 


4 


1.69 


5 


1.62 


6 


1.50 


7 


1.90 


8 


2.12 


9 


1.88 


10 :. 


1.78 


11 


1.70 


12 


1.69 


13 


1.90 


14 


2.04 


15.. i 


2.18 



ISLAND OP MAUI. 275 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Alo Stream near Huelo Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
16 


1.85 
1.84 
1.73 
1.64 
1.60 

1.59 
1.58 
1.54 
2.24 
1.95 

1.88 
2.24 
2.62 
1.90 
1.84 
2.03 


1.70 
1.68 
1.66 
1.61 
1.60 

1.58 
1.58 
1.54 
1.70 
1.68 

1.64 
2.35 
2.02 


1.56 
1.50 
1.50 
1.85 
1.74 

1.59 
1.79 
1.53 
1.51 
1.53 

1.76 
1.66 
1.58 
1.50 
1.60 
1.89 


1.38 
2.07 
2.10 
1.90 
1.94 

2.47 
1.92 
2.55 
1.98 
2.22 

2.45 
2.07 
2.00 
1.89 
1.89 


2.29 
1.91 
1.96 
1.89 
1.96 

2.24 
2.24 
1.98 
1.88 
1.83 

1.88 
1.86 
1.81 
1.85 
1.81 
1.80 


1.95 
1.90 
1.90 
1.92 
1.91 

2.11 
1.94 
1.86 
1.86 
1.87 

1.91 
1.91 
1.97 
1.91 
1.89 


1.98 
1.90 
1.84 
1.79 
1.86 

1.76 
1.80 
1.86 
1.72 
1.64 

1.61 
1.65 
1.60 
1.56 
1.58 
1.53 


2.02 
1.89 
1.70 
2.50 
1.90 

1.74 
1.70 
1.68 
2.04 
2.10 

2.08 
1.92 
1.90 
2.70 
2.32 
1.98 


1.91 
1.94 
2.20 
1.95 
2.38 

2.12 
2.42 
2.38 
2.19 
2.00 

2.40 
2.24 
2.29 
2.09 
3.18 


1.64 
1.86 
1.60 
1.58 
1.53 

1.57 
1.52 
1.50 
1.48 
1.49 

1.50 
1.49 
1.48 
1.46 
1.44 
1.42 


1.84 
2.48 
2.04 
2.08 
1.99 

2.34 
2.20 
2.13 
2.11 
1.96 

1.89 
1.82 
2.28 
1.94 

1.88 


1.99 


17 


2.00 


18 


2.01 


19 


2.04 


20 


2.00 


21 


1.92 


22 


1.90 


23 


1.86 


24 


1.92 


25 


1.78 


26 


1.72 




1.69 


28 . 


1.67 




1.93 


30 


1.84 


31 


1.85 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Alo Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 - - 






11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






! 21.. 


1910. 




1 9 


2 










92 


4.0 


3 






j 




23 


2.1 


4 .... 










24 


58 


5 










25 


17 


6 






1 




26 


68 


7 






1 




27 


20 


8 








1.7 
2.0 
1.9 


28 


9 


9 








29 


6 


10 -- 








30 


5 












31 


7 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


8 

8 

6 
U 
31 

8 
7 
6 

4.4 
18 

16 
17 

17 
8 
7 

7 

7 

4.6 

3.1 

2.5 

2.4 
2.3 
1.9 
18 
9 

8 
18 
32 

8 

7 
12 


14 

37 
20 
24 
14 

51 
22 
27 

27 
82 

11 

8 
8 
7 
4 

4 

3.7 

3.2 

2.6 

2.5 

2.3 
2.3 
1.9 
4.0 
3.6 

3.1 
22 
11 


8 

5 

4.0 

2.6 

2.1 

1.7 
1.5 

1.5 
1.3 
2.3 

1.6 

0.9 

0.6 

5 

5 

2.1 

1.5 

1.5 

7 

5 

2.4 

6 

1.8 

1.6 

1.8 

5 

3.4 

2.3 

1.5 

2.5 

8 


6 
14 
7 
4 
2.6 

2.2 
2.2 
1.6 
1.5 
1.3 

1.3 

1.1 

.6 

.5 

.4 

.3 
13 
14 

8 
9 

26 
8 
29 
11 
18 

25 
13 
11 

8 
8 


8 
10 

7 
7 
6 

8 

7 

6 

29 

27 

8 
8 
11 
41 
21 

20 
8 

10 
8 

10 

18 
18 
11 
8 
6 

8 
7 
6 
7 
6 
6 


4 
10 
18 
11 
20 

11 
33 
11 
13 
21 

11 
8 
14 
12 

8 

10 

8 
8 
8 
8 

14 
9 

7 
7 
7 

8 
8 
10 

8 
8 


9 

8 
8 
11 

8 

11 
10 

9 

8 
10 

14 
14 
11 
8 
16 

11 

8 
7 
6 

7 

5 
6 
7 
4 
3.1 

2.6 
3.2 
2.5 
2.1 
2.3 
1.8 


2.5 

7 

3.8 

2.9 

3.1 

1.7 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

.7 

.7 
1.7 
6 

1.8 
1.5 

11 

8 

4 

27 

8 

5 

4 

4 

12 
14 

14 

8 

8 
35 
20 
11 


8 
9 
8 
8 
5 

4 
12 
14 
12 

8 

31 
13 
11 
8 
10 

8 
9 

17 
9 

22 

15 
24 
22 
17 
11 

23 
18 
20 
14 
60 


15 
12 
14 
14 
11 

10 
21 
14 
11 

8 

t 
5 
4 
3.7 

3.1 

7 

2.5 
2.3 
1.8 

1.9 
1.7 
1.5 
1.3 
1.4 

1.5 
1.4 
1.3 
1.1 
.9 
.7 


0.3 
0.3 
0.2 
0.1 
0.2 

1.7 
1.6 
10 
1.9 
1.1 

.8 
.4 

15 

17 

13 

7 
26 
12 
14 
11 

21 
17 
15 
14 
10 

8 
6 
19 
9 

8 


7 


2 


4 


3 


2.5 


4 


3.8 


5 


2.8 


6 


2.1 


7 


8 


8 


14 


9 


8 


10 


6 


11 


4 


12 


3 8 


13 


8 


14 


12 


15 


16 


16 


11 


17 


11 


18 


11 


19 


13 


20 


11 


21 


8 




s 


23 


7 




8 


25 


6 


26 


4 




3.8 


28 


3.5 


29 


9 


30 


7 




7 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 25 second-feet. 



276 WATER RESOUECBS OF HAW AH. 

Monthly discharge of Alo Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910, 
December 18-31 

1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year , 



14.5 



1.9 
1.9 
0.6 
0.3 
6.0 
4.0 
1.8 
0.7 
4.0 
0.7 
0.1 
2.1 



10.2 
15.1 
3.11 
8.25 
11.6 
11.1 
7.54 
7.45 
15.0 
6.00 
8.69 
7.43 



627 
839 
191 
491 
713 
660 
464 
458 
893 
369 
517 
457 



6,680 



WAIKAMOI STREAM NEAR HUELO, MAUI. 

Waikamoi is one of the fairly large streams intercepted by the East 
Maui ditches. It is the first large stream west of Puohakamoa. 

A gaging station was established on this stream December 16, 1910, 
about 4^ miles southeast of Kailua (Huelo post office), and just above 
the bridge on the Spreckels ditch traU a few hundred feet above the 
point of inflow of Spreckels ditch. 

The gage is fastened to rocks in the stream bed about 50 feet above 
the bridge. The stream bed is exceedingly rough and only low-water 
measurements have been made. A few hundred feet below the gage 
Spreckels ditch takes out again. 

The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the stream above 
all diversions. 

Water in excess of what Spreckels ditch takes passes down the 
stream to Center ditch at a lower elevation. 

Discharge measurements of Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 16 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
4.0 

7.8 
4.9 
7.0 


Sq. feet. 
20.7 

19.0 
4.5 
12.2 


Feet. 
1.63 

1.62 
1.37 
1.78 


Sec.-ft. 
7.7 


19U. 
Jan. 22 


do 


6.8 


Nov 1 


J. B. Stewart 


2.3 


Dec. 13 


... .do 


12.5 









Note.— Measurements made by wading at various sections. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



277 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Tokunaga, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


18 


1.60 
1.60 
1.60 
1.59 

1.70 


23 


1.62 
2.26 
2.15 
3.2S 
2.20 


28 


1 83 


19 


24 


29 


1.73 


20 . ..... 




30 


1 69 


21 


2b 


31 


1.96 


22 


! 27 








1 





Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Max. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.94 
1.82 
1.70 
2.70 

2.82 

2.22 
1.93 
1.79 
1.72 
2.80 

2.26 
2.20 
2.32 
1.92 
1.79 

1.78 
1.78 
1.75 
1.69 
1.65 

1.64 
1.62 
1.61 
1.92 
1.94 

1.81 

2.24 
2.88 
1.92 
1.79 
2.08 


2.12 
3.00 
2.51 
2.44 
2.18 

2.92 
2.28 
4.55 
5.10 
5.61 

2.56 
2.05 
1.92 
1.82 
1.96 

1.72 
1.68 
1.64 
1.26 
1.65 

1.62 
1.58 
1.54 
1.59 
1.60 

1.60 
1.92 
2.72 


1.88 
1.92 
1.64 
1.60 
1.58 

1.56 
1.54 
1.53 
1.52 
1.60 

1.53 
1.50 
1.48 
1.60 
1.78 

1.60 
1.56 
1.53 
2.16 
1.76 

1.62 
1.68 
1.59 
1.54 
1.58 

1.59 
1.66 
1.59 
1.51 
1.55 
2.06 


1.79 
1.94 
1.92 
1.72 
1.64 

1.59 
1.56 
1.53 
1.50 
1.49 

1.49 
4.47 
1.44 
1.44 
1.40 

1.38 
2.21 
1.89 
1.80 
1.88 

2.83 
2.44 
1.80 
2.90 
3.01 

2.98 
2.10 
1.59 
1.80 
1.70 


1.88 
2.02 
1.92 
1.85 
1.98 

1.92 
1.88 
1.78 
3.52 
2.71 

1.96 

1.88 
1.94 
3.74 
2.96 

2.41 
2.02 
2.06 
1.88 
1.88 

2.12 
2.34 
L94 
1.84 
1.76 

1.81 
1.80 
1.82 
2.60 
1.82 
1.76 


1.68 
1.78 
2.00 
2.17 
2.42 

2.12 
3.24 

2.54 
2.68 
2.77 

2.04 
1.80 
2.06 
1.96 
1.86 

1.99 
1.87 
1.82 
1.96 
1.85 

2.06 
1.82 
1.78 
1.66 
1.74 

1.97 
2.00 
1.86 
1.77 
1.74 


1.94 
1.88 
1.78 
2.06 
1.86 

1.94 
2.00 
1.88 
1.80 
1.94 

1.98 
2.06 
1.41 
1.85 
1.88 

1.88 
1.78 
1.88 
1.62 
1.66 

1.62 
1.62 
1.70 
1.62 
1.57 

1.55 
1.56 
1.54 
1.52 
1.52 
1.50 


1.56 
1.14 
1.54 
1.53 
1.56 

1.50 
1.49 
1.43 
1.44 
1.40 

1.40 
1.46 
1.72 
1.52 
1.48 

1.96 
1.89 
1.70 
3.42 
1.85 

1.80 
1.62 
1.60 
2.06 
2.00 

2.03 
1.74 
1.71 
2.88 
3.20 
1.86 


1.74 

1.84 
1.76 
1.74 
1.66 

1.60 
2.06 

2.68 
1.94 
1.78 

2.98 
2.10 
1.82 
1.74 
1.82 

1.77 
1.78 
2.20 
1.84 
2.76 

2.06 
2.51 
2.32 
2.16 
2.02 

2.46 
2.29 
3.35 
2.14 
3.84 


2.16 
1.98 
1.94 
2.12 
2.12 

1.98 
2.36 
2.09 
1.94 
1.82 

1.74 
1.70 
1.66 
1.62 
1.62 

1.60 
1.68 
1.58 
1.54 
1.51 

1.50 
1.50 
1.4S 
1.46 
1.46 

1.48 
1.42 
1.40 
1.40 
1.39 
1.36 


1.32 
1.32 
1.30 
1.28 
1.29 

1.32 
1.47 
1.66 
1.58 
1.43 

1.39 
1.32 
1.81 
2.54 
2.06 

1.74 
2.70 
2.07 
2.16 
2.32 

2.62 
2.46 
2.15 
2.09 
1.86 

1.74 
1.70 
2.51 
2.02 
1.82 


1.72 


2 


1.66 


3 


1.62 


4 


1.64 


5 


1.60 


6 


1.82 


7 


1.69 


8 


2.18 


9 


1.72 


10 


1.68 


11 


1.64 


12 


1.60 


13 


1.78 


14 


2.94 


15 


2.18 


16 


2.91 


17 


2.58 


18 


2.95 


19 


2.76 


20 


1.76 


21 


1.87 


22 


1.81 


23 


1.74 


24 


1.76 


25 


1.69 


26 


1.66 


27 


1.66 


28 


1.63 


29 


1.84 


30 


1.64 


31 


1.70 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


7 


2 




12 




22 


9 


3 




13 




23 


7 


4 . 




14. 




24 


25 


5 




15 




25 


22 


6 




16 




26 


76 


7 




17 




27 


23 


8 




18. 


7 
7 
7 


28 


12 


9 




19 


29 


10 


10. 




20. 


30 


9 








31 


16 









278 WATEE RESOURCES OP HAW AH. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Con. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


15 
11 
9 

45 
52 

24 
15 
11 
9 
50 

25 
23 
28 
14 
11 

11 
11 
10 
9 

8 

8 
7 
7 
14 
15 

11 
25 
54 
15 
11 
20 


20 
60 
35 
23 
33 

56 

27 
164 
199 
234 

37 
18 
14 
12 
10 

9 
9 
8 
1.1 

8 

7 
7 
6 

7 
7 

7 
14 
46 


14 
9 
8 

; 

6 
6 

6 
5 

7 

6 
5 
5 
7 
11 

7 
6 
6 
21 
10 

7 
9 
6 
6 

7 

7 
8 
7 
5 
6 
19 


11 
10 
14 
9 

8 

7 
6 
6 
5 
5 

5 
154 
4 
4 
3 

3 

23 
14 
11 
14 

52 
33 
11 
55 
60 

60 
20 
14 
'11 
10 


14 
17 
14 
12 
11 

14 
14 
11 

88 
45 

16 
14 
16 

104 

58 

31 
17 
19 
14 
14 

20 
29 
15 
12 
10 

11 
11 
11 
40 
11 
10 


9 
11 
17 
22 
31 

20 
23 
37 

45 

48 

18 
11 
19 
16 
13 

17 
13 
11 
16 
13 

19 
11 
11 

8 
10 

16 
17 
13 
10 
10 


15 
14 
11 
19 
13 

15 
17 
14 
11 
15 

17 
19 
3 

12 
14 

14 
11 
9 

7 
8 

7 
7 
9 
7 
6 

6 
6 
6 
5 
5 
5 


6 
10 
6 
6 
6 

5 
5 
4 
4 
3 

3 
4 
9 
5 
5 

16 
14 
9 
82 
12 

11 

7 
7 
19 
17 

18 
10 
9 
55 
70 
13 


10 
12 
10 
10 

8 

7 
19 
45 
15 
11 

60 
20 
11 
10 
11 

10 
11 
23 
12 

48 

19 
35 
27 
22 
17 

33 
27 
29 
21 
111 


22 
17 
15 
20 
20 

17 
29 
20 
15 
11 

10 
9 

8 
7 
7 

7 
9 
7 
6 
5 

5 
5 
5 
4 

4 

5 

3 

3 

3 

2.8 

2.2 


1.7 
1.7 
1.5 
1.3 
1.4 

5 

4 
8 
7 
4 

2.8 
1.7 

11 

37 

19 

9 
45 
19 
22 
27 

40 
33 
22 
20 
13 

10 
9 
35 
17 
11 


9 


2 


8 


3 


7 


4 


g 


5 


7 


6 


11 


7 


g 


8 


22 


9 


9 


10 


g 


11 


8 


12 


7 


13 


11 


14 


57 


15 


50 


16 


55 




40 


18 


68 


19 


48 


20 


10 


21 


13 


22 


11 


23 


10 


24 


10 


25 


9 


26 


8 


27 


8 


28 


8 


29 


12 


30 


8 




9 







Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 20 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910 
December 18-31 

1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



16.9 



54 

234 

21 

154 

104 

48 

19 

82 

111 

29 

45 

58 



7 

1.1 
5 
3 
10 
8 
3 
3 
7 

2.2 
1.3 
7 



18.6 
38.5 

7.94 
21.4 
23.3 
17.8 
10.5 
14.5 
23.5 

9.77 
14.6 
17.7 



1,140 

2,140 

488 

1,270 

1,430 

1,060 

646 

892 

1,400 

601 

869 

1,090 



C. 



234 



1.1 



18.0 



13,000 



OOPTTOLA STREAM NEAR ETTELO, MAXTI, 

Oopuola Stream is a small stream west of Waikamoi and east of 
Nailiilihaele. Its water is intercepted by Spreckels and Center 
ditches. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



279 



A gaging station was established on this stream December 16, 1910, 
where the Spreckels ditch trail crosses the stream about 2 miles south- 
east of Kailua (Huelo post office). 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot, is fastened to the right 
bank 15 feet above the bridge. 

The discharge at this station, gives the total flow of the stream above 
all diversions. 

Discharge measurements of Oopuola Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dee 16 


C H Pierce . 


Feet. 
13.5 


Sq.ft. 
7.2 


Feet. 
1.22 

1.00 
1.17 
1.77 


Sec.-ft. 
2 6 


1911. 
Nov 1 


J B Stewart 


92 


11 


do 


3.5 

7.7 


2.3 

5.7 


1 8(j 


13 


do 


8 7 









Note. — ^Measurements made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Oopuola Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Joseph EUerreira and John Pachero, observers.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




- 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






21.. 


1910. 




1 17 


2 












22 


1 23 


3 












23 


1 25 


4 












24 


1 58 


5 












25 




g 










1.22 

1.2 

1.18 

1.2 

1.19 


26 


3 10 


7 










27 


2 9 


g 










28 


1 8 


9 










29 


1 2 


10 - 










30 


1 19 














31 


2 6 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1911. 
1 




2.30 
2.87 
1.90 
2.40 
1.84 

3.20 
1.95 
3.10 
4.50 
4.80 

1.85 
1.62 
1.50 
1.42 
1.32 

1.28 
1.26 
1.23 
1.20 
1.18 


2.10 
1.60 
1.30 
1.27 
1.24 

1.21 
1.19 
1.17 
1.17 
1.21 

1.14 
1.10 
1.08 
1.23 
1.38 

1.28 
1.22 
1.18 
1.93 
1.25 


1.53 

"i.'se' 

1.22 
1.18 

1.16 
1.15 
1.14 

'"i."i3' 

1.13 
1.12 
1.11 
1.11 
1.09 

1.08 
1.40 
1.34 
1.29 
1.26 


1.32 
1.39 
1.34 


1.17 

'"i.'go' 


1.52 


1.10 


1.38 
1.50 

"'i.'46" 
1.32 

1.30 
1.70 
2.50 
1.50 

2.00 
1.70 
1.50 
1.36 
1.45 

1.31 


"i."i6' 

1.12 
1.08 
1.08 

1.40 
1.55 

"i.'si' 

1.50 

1.40 
1.30 
1.30 
1.29 

1.20 


1.00 

1.00 

.99 

.98 


1.32 


2 


1.22 
1.40 
2.70 
1.82 

1.50 
1.33 
1.30 
1.27 
1.82 


1.50 1.10 


1.30 


3 


1.40 


1.20 
1.15 
1.10 

'i.'i6' 

1.08 
1.09 
1.07 

1.07 
1.09 

'i.'i6' 

1.10 

1.38 
1.60 
1.60 
2.70 




4 


1.33 


5" 


1.28 

1.29 

"i.'26" 
3.04 
2.50 

1.70 
1.62 
1.58 

'"2.' 66' 

1.91 
1.65 
1.68 
1.46 
1.35 


1.90 

1.73 
2.85 
2.06 
2.10 
1.95 

"i.'34' 
1.52 
1.40 
1.63 


1.50 

1.55 
1.35 
1.51 

"i'.'bb' 

1.55 
2.00 
1.52 
1.54 
2.20 


1.31 


6 


1.04 
1.10 
2.10 
1.14 
1.10 

1.15 
1.10 
2.10 
2.08 
1.76 

1.40 
2.85 
1.70 


1.80 


7 


1.40 


8 


2.10 


9 


1.41 


10 




11 


1.30 


12 


1.90 
1.87 
1.58 
1.40 

1.33 
1.34 
1.28 
1.25 
1.21 


1.31 


13 


1.31 


14 


1.81 


15 


1.50 


16 


1.34 


17 


1.57 

"i'.hi' 

1.46 


1.50 
1.42 
1.30 
1.30 




18 


1.75 
1.49 
2.50 


1.13 
1.11 
1.09 


i.44 


19 


1.45 


20 


1.4< 


) 


1.50 



280 WATEK BESOXJKCES OF HAW AH. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Oo-puola Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Contijiued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 


1.19 


1.17 
1.16 
1.15 
1.22 
1.20 

1.18 
3.20 
2.80 


1.20 
1.28 
1.22 
1.19 
1.20 

"i.'25' 
1.20 
1.17 
1.19 
2.05 


2.10 

2.80 

"i.'go' 

2.05 

2.50 
1.30 
1.18 
1.16 


"i.'94' 
1.50 
1.42 
1.38 

1.42 
1.39 

"i."25' 
1.20 
1.18 


2.00 
1.65 
1.60 
1.46 

1.55 
1.90 
1.72 
1.53 


1.30 
1.30 

■"i.'do' 

1.10 

1.08 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.00 
1.05 


1.55 
1.30 
1.20 
1.70 
1.85 

1.45 

"i.'io' 

4.00 
2.00 
1.58 


2.05 
1.80 
3.50 

"'i'oo' 

2.60 
2.10 
2.30 
1.70 
3,00 


1.09 

"i.'os' 

1.04 
1.04 

1.10 
1.08 
1.07 

"i.oi' 

1.00 


1.90 
1.81 
1.66 
1.70 
1.41 

■ ■i.'22' 
2.20 
1.40 
1.42 


1.43 


22 


1.40 


23 


1.17 
2.48 
1.82 

1.80 
2.85 
2.60 
1.84 
1.38 


1.31 


24 




25 




26 

27 


1.30 
1.31 


28 


1.29 


29 


1.31 


30 


1.40 


31 















Note. — Gage was read but once a day, the reading being taken in the afternoon. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oopuola Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 






11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17- 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






21.. 


1910. 




1 6 


2 












22 


2.0 


3... 












23 


2 2 


4... 












24 


5.9 


6 












25 


028 


6 










1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 


26 


51 


7... . 










27 


42 


8 










28 


10 


9 










29 


1.8 


10 










30 


1.7 














31 


30 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


016 
1.8 
3.6 
34 
10 

4.8 
3.1 
2.6 
2.4 
10 

all 

12 

11 
6.4 
3.6 

3.1 

3.0- 

2.6 

2.2 

1.8 

1.8 
a 1.6 

1.6 
26 
10 

10 
40 
30 
11 
3.6 
a 12 


21 
41 
12 
24 
11 

56 

13 

51 
144 
168 

11 
6.4 
4.8 
3.8 
2.6 

2.6 
2.2 
2.0 
1.8 
1.8 

1.6 
1.6 
1.5 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 

56 
38 


16 
6.4 
2.6 
2.2 
2.1 

1.8 

1.8 
1.5 
1.5 
1.8 

1.5 
1.2 
1.2 
2.2 
3.6 

2.6 
1.8 
1.8 
13 
2.2 

1.8 
2.6 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

2.0 
2.2 

1.8 
1.5 
1.8 
15 


5.5 
4.3 
3.1 
1.8 
1.8 

1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 
1.5 

1.5 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
3.6 
3.1 
2.6 
2.2 

16 

38 

a 25 

12 

15 

27 
2.6 
1.8 
1.5 

2.0 


2.6 
3.6 
3.1 
02.8 
2.6 

2.6 

02.4 

2.2 

48 
27 

8.0 
6.4 
6.4 
olO 
14 

12 
7.2 
8.0 
4.2 
3.1 

oS.O 
13 
4.8 
3.6 
3.6 

3.6 
3.6 

02.9 
2.2 
1.8 
1.8 


1.5 
06.8 
12 
ol2 
12 

9.0 
40 
15 
16 
13 

o8.0 
3.1 
4.8 
3.6 
7.2 

a6.4 
5.5 

oS.2 
4.8 
4.2 

14 
7.2 
4.8 
4.2 
04. 8 

5.5 

12 
8.0 
5.5 

05.2 


4.8 
4.8 
3.6 
04.2 
4.8 

5.5 
3.1 
4.8 

04.8 
4.8 

5.5 

14 
4.8 
5.5 

18 

oil 
4.8 
3.6 
2.6 
2.6 

2.6 
2.6 
2.2 
1.8 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
.8 
1.0 


1.2 
1.2 
1.8 
1.5 
1.2 

0I.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.0 

1.0 
1.2 
al.2 
1.2 
1.2 

3.6 

6.4 
6.4 
34 
020 

5.5 
2.6 
1.8 
8.0 
11 

4.2 

03.9 

3.6 

107 
14 
6.4 


3.6 
4.8 
04.2 
3.6 
2.6 

2.6 
8.0 

27 
4.8 

09.4 

14 
8 

4.8 
3.1 
4.2 

2.6 

05.8 
9.0 
4.8 

27 

15 
10 

74 

044 

l'4 

30 
16 
21 

8.0 
46 


024 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

3.6 
5.5 
05.2 
4.8 
4.8 

3.6 
2.6 
2.6 
2.6 
02.2 

1.8 
0I.6 
1.5 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
ol.l 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

L2 
1.2 
1.0 
0.9 
.8 
.8 


0.8 
.8 
.8 
.8 

0.9 

1.0 
1.2 
16 
1.5 
1.2 

1.5 
1.2 

16 

16 
9.0 

3.6 

40 

8.0 
05.8 

3.6 

12 

10 
5.5 
8.0 
3.6 

02.7 
1.8 

18 
3.6 
3.6 


2.6 


2 


2.6 


3 


02.8 


4 


3.1 


5 


2.6 


6 


10 


7 


3.8 


8 


16 


9 


3.6 


10 


03.1 


11 


2.6 


12 


2.6 


13 


2.6 


14 


10 


15 


4.8 


16 


3.1 




03.6 


18 


4.2 




4.2 


20 


4.8 


21 


4.2 




3.6 


23 


2.6 


24 


o2.6 


25 


02.6 


26 


2,6 




2.6 


28 


2.6 




2.6 


30 


3.6 


31 


03.6 













o Discharge interpolated. 

Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 20 second-^eet. 
Discharge apphed to nearest half-tenth of gage height. 



ISLAND OP MAUI. 281 

Monthly discharge of Oopuola Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
aere-feet). 


Accu- 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


December 16-31 . . 


1910. 


61 


L6 


11.-6 


368 


C. 




1911. 






40 
168 
16 
38 
48 
40 
18 
107 
74 
24 
40 
16 


1.6 

1.5 

1.2 

1.2 

1.8 

1.5 

.8 

1.0 

2.6 

.8 

.8 

2.6 


9.44 
24.4 
3.32 
6113 
7.26 
8.71 
4.34 
8.29 
14.4 
2.74 
6.62 
4.05 


580 
1,360 
201 
365 
446 
518 
267 
510 
857 
168 
394 
249 


B. 


February 


C. 


Marcli 


B. 


April 


B. 


May 


B. 




B. 


July 


B. 




B. 


September 


B. 


Oc^ber 


B. 




B. 


December - - - 


B. 










168 


0.8 


8.17 


5,920 









a Interpolated. 
SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO, 1, NEAR HUELO, MAITI. 

Spreckels ditch heads in the Nuaailua Stream east of Honomanu 
Stream. Eight gaging stations have been placed on this ditch be- 
tween its source and the reservoir near Kailua. 

Station No. 1, which is at the trail crossing of Ulawina Stream, was 
established December 18^ 1910. 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot, is placed at the mouth 
of the tunnel on the right or makai side, just east of Ulawina Stream. 

The discharge at this station gives the amount of water collected 
by the ditch above, and represents the total combined flow of Nuaa- 
ilua and Honomanu streams at low and medium stages. 

Discharge measurements of Sprechels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Jan. 20 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
5.6 
6.0 
6.2 
7.9 


Sq.ft. 

6.2 

7.9 

8.0 

23.8 


Feet. 

0.48 
.60 
.60 

1.45 


Sec.-ft. 
8 5 


Apr. 3 
Nov. 16 


do 


10 3 


J. B. Stewart 


9 7 


20 


do 


31.2 









282 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily gage height, in feet, ofSpreckels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 . 
[Tom Pahukoa and Kumagai, observers.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


45 


2 




12 




22 . 


75 


3 




13 




23 


5 


4 




14 




24 


1 8 


5 




15 




25 


2 


6 




16 




26 


2 


7 




17 




27 


1 5 


8 




18 


0.4 
.5 
.4 


28 


95 


9 




19 


29 


75 


10 




20 


30 


65 








31 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.4 
1.1 
1.1 
1.8 
1.65 

1.2 
1.05 

.9 

.65 
1.85 

1.75 
1.65 
1.85 
1.1 

.85 

.85 

.85 

.7 

.55 

.5 

.5 

.5 

.45 
1.2 
1.55 

1.0 
1.95 
1.9 
1.05 
.95 
1.7 


1.8 

2.05 

1.95 

2.05 

1.45 

2.05 

1.7 

2.1 

2.15 

2.35 

.9 

.8 
.65 
.7 
.8 

.7 

.65 

.6 

.5 

.55 

.5 
.4 

.4 
1.05 

.7 

.6 
1.1 
1.9 


1.1 
.65 
.5 
.5 
.45 

.4 

.35 

.35 

.35 

.45 

.4 
.35 
.3 

.65 

.7 

.4 

.35 

.3 

.85 

.6 

.8 

.65 

.4 

.4 

.45 

.9 
.55 
.4 
.35 
.5 
1.05 


0.8 
1.2 
.7 
.55 
.5 

.45 

.45 

.4 

.35 

.35 

.3 

.3 

.3 

.25 

.25 

.2 
1.5 
1.65 
1.55 
1.3 

1.6 

1.55 

2.1 

1.9 

2.3 

2.1 
1.55 
1.35 
.95 
1.15 


0.65 

1.8 

1.2 

.9 

.9 

1.7 

1.2 

1.25 

2.2 

2.1 

1.3 

1.35 

1.3 

1.95 

2.2 

1.85 

1.6 

1.45 

1.2 

1.4 

1.95 
1.75 
1.5 
1.1 
.95 

.95 
1.1 
1.05 
1.1 
1.05 

.85 


0.6 
.95 
1.7 
1.6 
1.95 

1.7 

2.05 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.6 

1.4 
1.7 
1.7 
1.2 

1.4 

1.3 

1.6 

1.75 

1.5 

1.7 
1.4 

.9 

.9 
1.2 

1.6 
1.65 
1..55 
.95 
1.25 


1.8 
1.5 
1.3 
1.7 
1.5 

1.6 

1.5 

1.55 

1.55 

1.7 

1.85 

1.6 

1.5 

1.6 

1.8 

1.6 

.95 

.8 

.7 
1.2 

.7 
.8 
1.25 
.7 
.55 

.55 

.6 

.5 

.5 

.5 

.4 


0.6 

.8 
.7 
.8 
.6 

.4 

.4 

.3 

.35 

.3 

.35 

.45 

.9 

.4 

.45 

1.7 
1.5 
1.7 
1.9 
1.1 

.65 
.6 
.55 

1.6 

1.6 

1.3 

.9 

.75 
1.45 
1.5 
1.0 


0.8 
1.2 

.85 

.9 

.66 

.6 
1.4 
1.7 
1.3 

.8 

1.9 
1.35 

.95 

.8 
1.15 

.95 
1.3 
1.6 
1.1 
1.6 

1.3 

1.9 

1.7 

1.65 

1.4 

1.8 

1.7 

1.8 

1.55 

2.1 


1.65 

1.1 

1.4 

1.6 

1.55 

1.35 
1.85 
1.65 
1.25 
1.5 

.8 
.7 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.5 
.9 

.5 

.45 

.4 

.45 

.4 

.35 

.35 

.35 

.45 

.35 

.3 

.3 

.3 

.3 


0.25 
.25 
.25 
.2 
.2 

.45 

.45 

.8 

.45 

.35 

.3 

.25 
1.25 
1.6 
1.35 

.65 
1.8 
1.3 
1.5 
1.6 

1.95 

1.85 

1.7 

1.6 

1.0 

.75 

.65 

1.8 

1.35 

.85 


65 




.55 


3 


5 


4 


.55 




.5 


6 


1 05 


7 


7 


8 


1.7 


9 


.75 


.0 


.65 


11 


.5 


12 


.55 


j3 


.95 


14 


1.9 


15 


1.6 


16 


1.3 


17 


1.5 


18 


1.75 


19 


1.6 


20 


1.4 


21 


1.1 


•>■) 


.95 


•)9 


.75 


L'4 


.65 


25 


.6 


26 


.5 


27 


.5 


28 


.45 


29 


.9 


30 


.6 


31 


.7 







a Discharge interpolated. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, ofSpreckels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


8.2 


2 




12 




22 


12 


3 




13 




23 


8.8 


4 




14 




24 


44 


5 




15 




25 


52 


6 




16 




26 


52 


7 




17 




27 


32 


8 




18 


7.7 
8.8 
7.7 


28 


16 


9 




19 


29 


12 


10 




20 


30 


10 








31 


O20 









ISLAND OP MAin. 



283 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1910-11— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


* 
Nov. 


Deo. 


1911. 
1 


29 
20 
20 
44 
38 

23 
18 
15 
10 

46 

42 
38 
46 
20 
14 

14 
14 
11 
9.4 

8.8 

8.8 
8.8 
8.2 

23 

34 

17 
50 
48 
18 
16 
40 


44 
54 
50 
54 
30 

54 
40 
56 

58 
66 

15 
13 
10 
11 
13 

11 

10 

10 
8.8 
9.4 

8.8 

7.7 
7.7 

18 

11 

10 
20 
48 


20 

11 
8.8 
8.8 
8.2 

7.7 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 
8.2 

7.7 
7.2 
6.7 

10 

11 

7.7 
7.2 
6.7 

14 

10 

13 
10 

7.7 
7.7 
8.2 

15 
9.4 

7.7 
7.2 
8.8 
18 


13 
23 
11 
9.4 

8.8 

8.2 
8.2 
7.7 
7.2 
7.2 

6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.3 
6.3 

5.9 
32 
38 
34 
26 

36 
34 

66 
48 
64 

56 
34 
28 
16 
22 


11 
44 
23 
15 
15 

40 
23 
24 
60 
56 

26 
28 
26 
50 
60 

46 
36 
30 
23 
29 

50 

42 
32 
20 
16 

16 
20 
18 
20 
18 
14 


10 
16 
40 
36 
50 

40 
54 
44 
44 
44 

36 
29 
40 
40 
23 

29 
26 
36 
42 
32 

40 
29 
15 
15 
23 

36 
38 
34 
16 
24 


44 
32 
26 
40 
32 

36 
32 
34 
34 
40 

46 
36 
32 
36 
44 

36 
16 
13 
11 
23 

11 
13 
24 
11 
9.4 

9.4 
10 

8.8 
8.8 
8.8 
7.7 


10 
13 
11 
13 
10 

7.7 
7.7 
6.7 
7.2 
6.7 

7.2 
8.2 
15 
7.7 
8.2 

40 
32 
40 
48 
20 

10 
10 
9.4 
36 
^6 

26 
15 
12 
30 
32 
17 


13 
23 
14 
15 
11 

10 
29 
40 
26 
13 

48 
28 
16 
13 
22 

16 
26 
36 
20 
36 

26 
48 
40 
38 
29 

44 
40 
44 
34 
56 


38 
20 
29 
36 
34 

28 
46 
38 
24 
32 

13 
11 
10 
10 
10 

8.8 
15 

8.8 
8.2 

7.7 

8.2 
7.7 
7.2 
7.2 
7.2 

8.2 
7.2 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 
6.7 


6.3 
6.3 
6.3 
5.9 
5.9 

8.2 
8.2 
13 

8.2 

7.2 

6.7 
6.3 

24 

36 

28 

11 
44 
26 
32 
36 

50 
46 
40 
36 

17 

12 
10 
44 
28 
14 


11 


2 


9.4 


3 


8 8 


4 


9 4 


5 


8.8 


6 


18 


7 


11 


8 


40 


9 


12 


10 


10 


11 


8 8 


12 


9.4 


13 


16 


14 


48 


15 


36 




26 


17 


32 




42 


19 


36 


20 


29 


21 


20 


22 


16 


23 


12 


24 


10 




10 


26 


8.8 


27 


8.8 


28 


8.2 


29 


15 




10 


31 


11 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined between 7 and 35 second- 
feet. 

Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. 1, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 
December 18-31 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



52 



7.7 



20.8 



8.2 
7.7 
6.7 
5.9 

11 

10 
7.7 
6.7 

10 
6.7 
5.9 
8.2 



24.3 
26.7 
9.52 
22.2 
30.0 
32.7 
24.7 
17.8 
28.5 
16.4 
20.8 
17.8 



5.9 



22.5 



1,490 
1,480 
585 
1,320 
1,840 
1,950 
1,520 
1,090 
1,700 
1,010 
1,240 
1,090 



16,300 



284 



WATER KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 2, NEAR HtrELO, MAUI. 

Station No. 2 on Spreckels ditch is 75 feet east of Kolea Stream No. 
2 and about 7| miles by trail southeast of Kailua (Huelo post office). 
It was established November 6, 1911. 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of feet, is fastened to the left 
bank and is used for obtaining gage heights. Between this station 
and station No. 1 water is taken into the ditch from Ulawina Stream 
and Kolea Stream No. 1. 



Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch at station No. 1 


, near 


Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 


Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 15 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
7.4 
7.3 
7.5 


Sq.ft. 
10.1 
12.2 
12.8 


Feet. 
1.65 
1.86 
1.90 


Sec.-ft. 
25.2 


20 


do 


35.1 


Dec. 16 


do 


34.8 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 2, near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 

[Kumagai, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.18 
1.10 
1.10 
1.05 
1.00 

1.30 
1.38 
1.88 
1.25 
1.15 


11 


0.78 
.73 
1.73 
1.93 
1.60 

1.13 
1.88 
1.70 
1.90 
1.98 


1.05 
1.03 
1.38 
1.90 

1.78 

1.93 
1.83 
1.90 
1.90 
1.93 


21 


1.88 
1.90 
1.90 
1.88 
1.45 

1.25 
1.18 
1.93 
1.68 
1.33 


1.65 


2 




12 


22 


1.48 


3 




13 


23 


1.28 


4 




14 


24 


1.20 


5 




15 


25 


1.13 


6 


0.90 
.95 

1.40 
.90 
.80 


16 


26 


1.03 


7 


17 


27 


1.00 


8 


18 


28 


1.00 


9 


19 


29 


1.28 


10 


20 


30 


1.23 






31 


1.15 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 2, near Huelo, Maui, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




11 
9 
9 

7.9 
6.8 

14 
16 
35 
12 
• 10 


U 


2.9 
2.4 

28 

38 

23 

10 

35 
27 
36 
40 


7.9 
7.4 

16 

36 

30 

37 
32 
36 
36 
37 


21 


35 
36 
36 
35 
18 

12 
U 
38 
26 
15 


25 


2 




12 


22 


20 


3 




13 


23 


14 


4 




14 


24 


11 


5 




15 


25 


10 


6 


4.8 
5.8 
17 
4.8 
3.2 


16 


26 


7.4 


7 


17 


27 


6.8 


8 


18 


28 


6.8 


9 


19 


29 


14 


10 


20 


.30 


12 






31 


10 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined between 20 and 40 second- 
feet. 

Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at Btation No. 2, near Huelo, Maui, for Nov. 6 to 

Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maxim nm. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 6-30 


40 
37 


2.4 
6.8 


21.6 
17.5 


1,070 
1,080 


C. 




a 







ISLAND OF MAUI. 



285 



SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 3, NEAR HUELO, MAXn. 

Station No. 3 on Spreckels ditch, which is about 300 feet east of 
Haipuaena Stream and about 6f miles by trail southeast of Kailua 
(Huelo post office), was established December 18, 1910. A staff gage, 
graduated into tenths of feet is fastened to the left bank and is used 
to obtain gage heights. Measurements are made from a board about 
100 feet below the gage. 

The discharge at this station shows the quantity of water that is 
emptied into Haipuaena Stream by Spreckels ditch. Between this 
station and Station No. 2 the ditch receives inflow from Kolea 
streams Nos. 2 and 3. 

Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch at station No. S, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Jan 20 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
4.9 
5.3 
5.1 
5.8 


Sq.ft. 
5.6 
6.7 
9.7 
9.8 


Feet. 
1.28 
1.50 
2.16 
2.30 


See.-ft. 
13 6 


Apr. 3 
Nov. 15 


do 


17.9 


J. B. Stewart 


31.0 


Dec. 17 


do 


34.5 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 3, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11, 
[Tom Pahukoa and Kumagai, observers.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
I 




11.. 
12.. 
13.. 


1910. 






21 .. 


1910. 




1 3 


2 












22 


1.4 


3 












23 


1.4 


4 


- 










24 


2.7 


5 




15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 










25 




6 












26 


2.7 


7 












27 


2 3 


g 










1.1 
1.3 
1.1 


28 


1.9 


9 










29 


1.4 


10 - - 










30 -. 


r.33 














31 










Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


2.2 

2.07 

1.62 

2.24 

2.60 

2.11 
2.00 
1.71 
1.53 
2.44 

1.45 
2.30 
2.35 
2.10 
1.82 

1.94 
1.70 
1.57 
1.40 
1.25 


2.67 
2.69 
2.55 
2.68 
2.40 

2.70 
2.40 
2.74 
2.78 
3.30 

2.10 
1.90 
1.64 
1.87 
1.75 

1.64 
1.55 
1.44 
1.39 
1.49 


1.87 
1.52 
1.42 
1.34 
1.20 

1.17 
1.13 
1.10 
1.08 
1.17 

1.10 
1.04 
1.01 
1.18 
1.24 

1.20 
1.18 
1.14 
1.84 
1.34 


1.65 
2.47 
1.47 
1.35 
1.31 

1.28 
1.32 
1.20 
1.10 
1.10 

1.02 
1.00 
.97 
.83 
.74 

.87 
L94 
1.93 
2.61 
2.20 


1.89 
1.98 
1.87 
1.90 
2.01 

2.07 
2.20 
2.24 
2.24 
2.18 

1.94 
1.97 
1.91 
2.24 
2.25 

2.10 
2.10 
2.32 
1.92 
2.45 


1.45 
2.05 
2.45 
2.35 
2.30 

2.25 
2.55 
2.30 
2.35 
2.35 

2.15 
2.10 
2.20 
2.15 
2.05 

2.25 
2.10 
2.15 
2.20. 
2.10 


2.20 
2.15 
2.00 
2.35 
2.20 

2.23 
2.20 
2.15 
2.10 
2.20 

2.40 
2.30 
2.15 
2.10 
2.50 

2.15 
1.90 
1.75 

rfeo 

L75 


1.35 
1.63 
1.85 
1.28 
1.30 

1.73 
1.10 
1.05 
1.05 
1.03 

1.10 
1.20 
1.60 
1.20 
1.20 

1.25 
2.15 
2.18 
2.33 
1.90 


1.75 
2.30 
1.78 
1.88 
1.55 

1.43 
2.30 
2.35 
2.15 
1.75 

2.60 
2.25 
1.88 
1.83 
2.25 

1.90 
2.28 
2.28 
2.10 
2.30 


2.23 
2.25 
2.25 
2.30 
2.30 

2.25 
2.33 
2.'-30 
2.20 
1.98 

1.80 
1.63 
1.53 
1.43 
1.43 

1.40 
1.65 
1.33 
1.28 
L20 


1.00 
.98 
.98 
.93 
.95 

.98 
1.28 
1.90 
1.20 
1.08 

1.03 
.98 
2.25 
2.30 
2.10 

1.60 
2.35 
2.18 
2.28 
2.22 


1.60 


2 


1.45 


3 


1.45 


4 


1.38 


5 


1.33 


6 


1.85 


7 


1.85 


8 


1.28 


9 


1.70 


10 


1.65 


11 


1.40 


12.t 


1.40 


13 


1.83 


14 


2.43 


15 


2.40 


16 


2.28 


17 


2.28 


18 


2.30 


19 

ao. 


2.30 
2.30 



286 



WATEK RESOUBCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. S, near Huelo, Maui, for 

J910-ii— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 


1.25 
1.27 
1.18 
2.45 
2.34 

1.85 
2.65 
2.61 
2.47 
2.10 
2.64 


1.22 
1.20 
1.18 
2.10 
1.47 

1.37 
2.75 
2.35 


1.42 
1.19 
1.12 
1.09 
1.21 

1.84 
1.32 
1.19 
1.10 
1.42 
1.95 


2.84 
2.45 
3.10 
2.09 
2.84 

2.64 
2.09 
1.95 
1.97 
1.95 


2.34 
2.49 
2.30 
2.00 
1.94 

2.11 
2.05 
1.89 
2.20 
1.84 
1.83 


2.15 
2.10 
1.90 
2.10 
2.15 

2.20 
2.20 
2.15 
1.90 
2.20 


1.60 
1.80 
1.90 
1.50 
1.40 

1.38 
1.40 
1.28 
1.20 
1.28 
1.18 


1.55 
1.25 
1.43 
2.33 
2.25 

2.15 
2.00 
1.65 
3.00 
2.25 
2.05 


2.30 
2.30 
2.48 
2.35 
2.30 

2.45 
2.35 
1.30 
2.30 
2.90 


1.25 
1.20 
1.18 
1.10 
1.20 

1.20 
1.10 
1.18 
1.03 
1.10 
1.03 


2.33 
2.43 
2.30 
2.28 
1.95 

1.90 
1.55 
2.33 
2.20 
1.80 


2.15 


22 


1.98 


23 


1.70 


24 


1.65 


25 


1.50 


26 


1.40 


27 


1.35 


28 


1.30 


29 


1.73 


30 


1.70 


31 


1.55 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 3, near Huelo, Maui, 

for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


14 


2 




12 




22 


16 


3 




13 




23 


16 


4 




14 




24 


44 


5 




15 




25 


44 


6 




16 




26 


44 


7 ' 


17 




27 


34 


8 ' 


18 


11 
14 
11 


28 


25 


9 


19 


29 


16 


10 .... 


20 


30 


15 


1 




31 


23 











Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


32 
29 
20 
33 
42 

30 
27 
21 
18 
38 

16 
34 
36 
30 
23 

26 
21 
19 
16 
13 

13 
13 
12 
38 
35 

24 
43 
42 
39 
30 
43 


44 
44 
41 
44 
37 

44 
37 
46 
47 
62 

30 
25 
20 
24 
22 

20 
18 
16 
16 
17 

13 
12 
12 
30 
17 

15 
46 
36 


24 
18 
16 
14 
12 

12 
11 
11 
11 
12 

11 
10 
9.9 
12 
13 

12 
12 
12 
24 
14 

16 
12 
11 
11 
13 

24 
14 
12 
11 
16 
26 


20 
39 
17 
15 
14 

14 
14 
12 
11 
11 

10 
9.8 
9.4 
8.0 
7.2 

8.4 
26 
26 
42 
32 

48 
38 
56 
30 
48 

43 
30 
26 
26 
26 


25 
27 
24 
25 

27 

29 
32 
33 
33 
32 

26 
26 
25 
33 
33 

30 
30 
35 
25 
38 

36 
39 
34 
27 
26 

30 
28 
25 
32 
24 
24 


16 
28 
38 
36 
34 

33 
41 
34 
36 
36 

31 
30 
32 
31 

28 

33 
30 
31 
32 
30 

31 
30 
25 
30 
31 

32 
32 
31 
25 
32 


32 
31 
27 
36 
32 

33 
32 
31 
30 
32 

37 
34 
31 
30 
40 

31 
25 

22 
19 
22 

19 
23 

25 
18 
16 

15 
16 
14 
12 
14 
12 


15 
20 
24 
14 
14 

22 
11 
10 
10 
10 

11 
12 
19 
12 
12 

13 
31 

32 
35 
25 

18 
13 
16 
35 
33 

31 
27 
20 
53 
33 
28 


22 
34 
23 
25 
18 

16 
34 
36 
31 
22 

42 
33 
25 
24 
33 

25 
34 
34 
30 
34 

34 
34 
39 
36 
34 

38 
36 
14 
34 
50 


33 
33 
33 
34 
34 

33 
35 
34 
32 
27 

23 
20 
18 
16 
16 

16 
20 
14 
14 
12 

13 
12 
12 
11 
12 

12 
11 
12 
10 
11 
10 


9.8 
9.5 
9.5 
9.0 
9.2 

9.5 
14 
25 
12 
11 

10 
9.5 
33 
34 
30 

18 
36 
32 
34 
32 

33 
38 
34 
34 
26 . 

25 
18 
35 
32 
23 




19 


2 


16 


3 


16 


4 


15 


5 


14 


6 


24 


7 


24 


8 


14 


9 


21 


10 


20 


11 


16 


12 

13 


16 
24 


14 


38 


15 


37 


16 


34 


17 


34 


18 


34 


19 


34 


20 


34 


21 


31 


22 


27 


23 


21 


24 


20 


25 


18 


26 


16 


27 


15 


28 


14 


29 


22 


30 


21 


31 


18 







a Discharge interpolated. 
Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 40 second-feet. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 287 

Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. S, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 






(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 




44 


11 


23.3 


647 


43 


12 


27.6 


1,700 


62 


12 


29.8 


1,660 


26 


9.9 


14.1 


867 


56 


7.2 


23.9 


1,420 


39 


24 


29.5 


1,810 


41 


16 


31.3 


1,860 


40 


12 


25.5 


1,570 


53 


10 


21.3 


1,310 


50 


14 


30.8 


1,830 


35 


10 


20.1 


1,240 


38 


9.0 


22.8 


1,360 


38 


14 


22.8 


1,400 


62 


7.2 


24.9 


18,000 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910. 
December 18-31 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 4, NEAR HITELO, MTTAI. 

Station No. 4 on Spreckels ditch was established December 18, 
1910. It is about 300 feet below the trail crossing and ditch intake 
at Haipuaena Stream, and about 6i miles southeast of Kailua (Huelo 
post office). A staff gage, graduated into tenths of feet, is fastened 
to the right bank. Measurements are made from a log across the 
ditch about 125 feet above the gage. 

The discharge at this station shows the amount of water turned 
into Puahakamoa Stream by Spreckels ditch. The flow of Hai- 
puaena Stream at low and medium stages is picked up by the ditch 
between stations 3 and 4. 

Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch at station No. 4, near Huelo, Maui, in 1910-11. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


1910. 
Dec. 17 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
4.0 

5.0 
4.5 
7.1 


Sq.ft. 
6.3 

6.6 
7.2 
13.3 


Feet. 
0.92 

1.00 
1.33 
1.80 


See.-ft. 
14.3 


1911. 
Jan. 21 


.do 


16 2 


Apr. 3 
Nov. 15 


do 


26.8 


J. B. Stewart 


34 1 









288 



WATEE RESOURCES OP HAW AH. 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 4, near Htielo, Maui, for 

1910-11. 

[Tom Pahnkoa and Kumagal, observers.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 




Day. 




Dec. 


1910. 
1 




- 


11.. 

12.. 
13.. 
14.. 
15.. 

16.. 
17.. 
18.. 
19.. 
20.. 


1910. 






21... 


1910. 




1.00 


2 












22 


1.10 


3 












23 


1.10 


4 












24 


1.90 


5 












25 


1 95 


6 












26 


2,00 
1.70 


7 












27 


8 










0.90 

1.00 

.90 


28 


1.40 


9 










29 


1.40 


10 , -- 










30 


1.23 














31 






1 






Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 


1.73 
1.60 
1.34 
2.00 
1.82 

1.60 
1.49 
1.32 
1.20 
2.14 

2.20 
1.75 
1.80 
1.61 
1.35 

1.61 
1.40 
1.30 
1.12 
1.02 

1.00 
1.01 
.93 

1.84 
1.65 

1.47 
2.24 
1.67 
1.49 
1.30 
2.20 


2.24 
2.25 
1.95 
2.25 
1.85 

2.35 
1.94 
2.24 
2.00 

2.eo 

1.80 
1.60 
1.40 
1.53 
1.42 

1.30 
1.22 
1.18 
1.10 
1.23 

1.01 
.90 

.88 
1.85 
1.20 

1.10 
2.00 
1.90 


1.64 
1.34 
1.18 
1.04 
.99 

.95 
.91 

.87 
.83 
.94 

.83 
.75 
.71 
.79 
.81 

.79 

.74 
.71 
1.64 
1.10 

1.18 
.80 
.71 
.78 
.98 

1.42 
1.12 
.83 
.81 
1.19 
1.71 


1.34 

1.87 
1.32 
1.21 
1.10 

1.02 

1.10 

.91 

.81 

80 

.75 
.71 
.69 
.68 
.65 

.67 

1.75 
1.73 
1.90- 
1.71 

1.90 
1.85 
2.10 
1.84 
2.15 

1.74 
1.71 
1.70 
1.60 
1.49 


1.47 
1.75 
1.69 
1.67 
1.61 

1.74 

1.84 
1.84 
2.00 
1.84 

1.74 
1.70 
1.69 
1.80 
1.85 

1.74 
1.72 
1.64 
1.49 
1.80 

1.73 
1.70 
L69 
1.49 
1.43 

1.65 
1.47 
1.40 
1.72 
1.40 
1.25 


1.15 
1.60 
1.80 
1.80 
1.73 

1.65 
1.85 
1.80 
1.70 
1.63 

1.50 
1.45 
1.60 
1.50 
1.45 

1.73 
1.60 
1.63 
1.65 
1.63 

1.70 
1.65 
1.55 
1.65 
1.63 

1.85 
1.70 
1.70 
1.60 
1.70 


1.83 
1.70 
1.60 
1.80 
1.70 

1.76 
1.75 
1.73 
1.63 
1.75 

1.90 
1.85 
1.75 
1.70 
1.90 

1.73 
1.60 
1.45 
1.35 
1.45 

1.30 
1.45 
1.55 
1.30 
1.30 

1.18 
1.20 
.98 
.93 
1.00 
.90 


1.18 
1.35 
1.43 
.98 
1.00 

.88 
.83 
.75 
.75 
.73 

.80 
.90 
1.30 
.93 
.90 

L70 
L70 
1.70 
2.15 
1.53 

1.38 
.95 
1.18 
1.83 
1.76 

1.70 
1.58 
1.40 
3.30 
1.80 
1.63 


Lie 

1.80 
1.18 
1.50 
1.30 

1.18 
1.83 
1.90 
1.65 
1.40 

1.93 
1.70 
1.50 
1.50 
1.78 

1.50 
l.ZO 
1.80 
1.65 
1.90 

1.78 
1.90 
1.90 
1.90 
1.70 

2.10 
1.90 
1.85 
1.78 
2.10 


1.70 
1.70 

1.78 
L73 
1.68 

1.73 
1.88 
1.75 
1.70 
1.60 

1.45 
1.35 
1.25 
1.18 
1.18 

1.13 
1.35 
1.08 
LOO 
.93 

.98 
.90 

.85 
.80 
.90 

.90 
.80 
.78 
.73 
.80 
.70 


a65 

.65 
.65 
.60 
.63 

.93 

.98 
1.55 
.90 
.88 

.73 
.65 

L78 
1.85 
1.70 

L28 
L90 
1.73 
1.93 
L90 

L93 
2.08 

1.75 
1.80 
1.60 

1.40 
1.38 
1 93 
1.78 
L50 


1.33 


2 


1.20 




1.10 


4 


1.13 




1.10 




1.80 


7 


1.43 


8 


1.83 


9 


1.40 




1.28 




1.15 


12 


1.13 




1.50 


14 


2.10 




2.00 




1.93 


17 


1.83 


18 


1.98 


19 


1.90 


20 


1.80 


21 


1.63 


22 


1.50 


23 


1.38 


24 


1.33 


25 


1.23 


26 


1.10 


27 


1.08 


23 


1.03 


29 


1.40 


30 


1.33 


31 


L28 













Daily discharge, in second-feet, of SprecJcels ditch at station No. 4, near Huelo, Maui, 

for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


16 


2 ' ^ 




12 




22 


18 


3 




13 




23 


18 


4 




14 




24 


40 


5 




15 




25 


42 


6 




16 




26 


43 


7 




17 




27 


34 


8 




18 


14 
16 
14 


28 


25 


9 




19 


29 


25 


10 




20 :.. 


30 


20 








31 


>28 









a Discharge intrapcdated. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



289 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 4, near Huelo, Maui, 

for i9i0-ii— Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


35 
31 
23 
43 
37 

31 

28 
22 
20 

47 

49 
36 
37 
31 
23 

31 
25 
22 

18 
16 

16 
16 
14 
38 
32 

27 
50 
33 
28 
22 
49 


50 
50 
41 
50 
38 

53 
41 
50 
43 
43 

37 
31 
25 
29 
25 

22 
20 
20 
18 
20 

16 
14 
14 
38 
20 

18 
43 
40 


32 
23 
20 
17 
16 

15 
14 
13 
12 
15 

12 
11 
10 
12 
12 

12 
11 
10 
32 
18 

20 
12 
10 
12 
16 

25 
18 
12 
12 
20 
34 


23 
39 
22 
20 

18 

16 
18 
14 
12 
12 

11 

10 
9.8 
9.6 
9.0 

9.4 
35 
35 
40 
34 

40 
38 
46 
3S 
47 

35 
34 
34 
31 

28 


27 
35 
34 
33 
31 

35 
38 
38 
43 
38 

35 
34 
34 
37 
38 

35 
34 
32 
28 
37 

35 
34 
34 

28 
26 

32 
27 
25 
34 
25 
21 


19 
31 
37 
37 
35 

32 
38 
37 
34 
32 

28 
26 
31 
28 
26 

35 
31 
32 
32 
32 

34 

32 
29 
32 
32 

38 
34 
34 
31 
34 


38 
34 
31 
37 
34 

35 
35 
35 
32 
35 

40 
38 
35 
34 
40 

35 
31 
26 
23 
26 

22 
26 
29 
22 
20 

20 
20 
16 
14 
16 
14 


20 
23 
26 
16 
16 

14 
12 
11 
11 
10 

12 
14 
22 
14 
14 

34 
34 

34 
47 
29 

25 
15 
20 
38 
36 

34 
31 
25 
85 
37 
32 


18 
37 
20 
28 
22 

20 
38 
40 
32 
25 

41 
34 
28 
28 
36 

28 
34 
37 
32 
40 

36 
40 
40 
40 
34 

46 
40 
38 
36 
46 


34 
34 
36 
35 
33 

35 
39 
35 
34 

28 

26 
23 
21 
20 
20 

19 
23 
18 
16 
14 

16 
14 
13 
12 
14 

14 
12 
12 
10 
12 
10 


9.0 
9.0 
9.0 

8.5 
8.8 

15 
16 
29 
14 
14 

10 
9.0 
37 
38 
34 

21 
40 
35 
41 
40 

41 
45 
35 
37 
31 

25 
24 
41 
36 
28 


23 


2 


20 


3 


18 


4 


18 


5 


18 


6 


28 




26 


8 


38 


9 


25 


10 


22 


11 


19 


12 


18 


13 


28 


14 


46 


15 


43 


16 


41 


17 


38 


18 


42 


19 


40 


20 


37 


21 


32 


22 


28 


23 


25 


24 


22 


25 


20 


26 


18 


27 


18 


28 


16 


29 


25 


30 


23 


31 


22 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 40 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. 4, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean, 



Eun-ofiF 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



Aceu 
racy. 



1910 
December 18-31 

1911, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

.Tune 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



25.2 



14 
14 
10 

9.0 
21 
19 
14 
10 
18 
10 

8.5 
16 



30.0 
32.5 
16.3 
25.6 
32.8 
32.1 
28.8 
25.5 
33.8 
22.0 
26.0 
27.0 



1,840 
1,800 
1,000 
1,520 
2,020 
1,910 
1,770 
1,570 
2,010 
1,350 
1,550 
1,660 



8.5 



27.6 



20,000 



74323°— wsp 318—13- 



-19 



290 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAH. 



SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 5, NEAR HXJELO, MAT7I. 

Station No. 5 on Spreckels ditcli is about 150 feet above the ditch- 
man's house at Alo division weir and about 5 miles by trail southeast 
of Kailua (Huelo post office). The station was established November 
6, 1911. 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of a foot, is fastened to the left 
bank and is used to obtain gage heights. Measurements are made 
from a log across the ditch at the gage. 

The discharge at this station shows the amount of water turned into 
Alo Stream below the station on the stream. Between this station 
and station No. 4 the ditch receives the combined flow of Puahakamoa 
and several other smaller streams at low and medium stages. 

Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch at station No. 5, near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 10 
14 


J. B . Stewart 


Feet. 
7.4 
7.8 
7.3 
8.0 
7.4 


Sq.ft. 
10.2 
17.7 
10.4 
20.2 
13.1 


Feet. 
0.98 
2.06 
1.07 
2.38 
1.40 


Sec.-Jl. 
16.2 


.do. 


41.9 


14 


.do 


19.4 


20 


do 


52.5 


Dec 5 


do 


26.8 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 5, near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 

[Tokunaga, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


I 




1.95 
1.74 
1.55 
1.68 
1.40 

2.24 
2.00 
2.45 
2.04 
1.90 


11 


0.90 
.76 
2.44 
2.56 
2.38 

1.88 
2.54 
2.40 
2.54 
2.38 


1.63 
1.49 
2.20 
2.42 
2.39 

2.19 
2.36 
2.42 
2.40 
2.30 


21 


2.50 
2.43 
2.36 
2.38 
2.30 

2.10 
1.88 
2.46 
2.34 
2.22 


2 24 


2 




12 


22 


2.22 


3 




13 


23 


2.00 


4 




14 


24 


2.21 


5 




15 


25 


1.75 


6 


1.05 
1.12 
2.27 
1.20 
.94 


16 


26 


1.58 


7 


17 


27 


1.48 


8 


18 


28 


1.48 


9 ^ 


19 


29 


2 10 


10 


20 


30 


1.80 






31 


1.94 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No . 5, near Huelo, Maui, for 1911 . 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




40 
34 
29 
32 
26 

48 
41 
54 
42 
38 


11 


16 
13 
54 
58 
53 

38 
58 
53 
58 
53 


31 
28 
47 
53 
53 

47 
52 
53 
53 
50 


21 


56 
54 
52 
53 
50 

44 
38 
54 
52 
48 


48 


2 




12 


22 


47 


3 




13 


23 


41 


4 




14 


24 


47 


5 




15 


25 


34 


6 


19 
20 

48 
22 
17 


16 


26 


30 


7 


17 


27 


28 


8 


18 


28 


28 


9 


19 


29 


44 


10 


20 


30 


35 






31 


40 











Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



291 



Monthly discharge of Spreckek ditch at station No. 5, near Huelo, Maui, for Nov. 6 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 6-30 


58 
54 


13 
28 


43.2 
41.1 


2,140 
2,530 


A. 




A. 







SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 6, NEAR HITELO, MAUL 

Station No. 6 on Spreckels ditch is about 115 feet below the intake 
of Kolea Stream west of Waikamoi, and aboat 4 miles by trail from 
Kailua (Huelo post office). 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of a foot, is fastened to the left 
bank and is used to obtain gage heights. Measurements are made 
from a log across the ditch about 10 feet above the gage. 

Between this station and Station No. 5, Spreckels ditch receives 
the combined flow of Alo, Waikamoi, and Kolea streams at low and 
medium stages, and also one-third of the water of Koolau ditch, which 
enters the Spreckels ditch below the Alo division weir. 

Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch at station No. 6, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydmsgrapher. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 2 


J. B. Stewart 


Feet. 
6.9 
6.6 
6.5 
6.7 
7.0 


Sq.ft. 
8.8 

10.4 
9.8 
5.9 

11.3 


Feet. 
1.00 
1.26 
1.20 
0.60 
1.41 


Sec.-ft. 
26.8 


10 


do 


38.5 


11 


do 


37.5 


Dec. 7 


do 


16.4 


7 


..do 


44.6 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 6, near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 

[Tokunaga, observer.] . 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.21 
1.58 
1.57 
1.37 
1.30 

1.41 
1.40 
1.39 
1.38 
1.35 


11 


1.15 
1.02 
1.45 
1.58 
1.65 

1.67 
1.62 
1.65 
1.65 
1.65 


1.42 
1.42 
1.43 
1.45 
1.40 

1.49 
1.48 
1.4S 
1.48 
1.48 


21 


1.68 
1.68 
1.57 
1.59 
1.60 

1.59 
1.59 
1.49 
1.26 
1.26 


1.47 


2 




12 


22 


1.47 


3 




13 


23 


1.47 


4 




14 


24 


1.51 


5 




15 


25 


1.48 


6 


1.26 
1.50 
1.62 
1.42 
1.22 


16 


26 


1.47 


7 


17 


27 


1.47 


8 


18 


28 


1.46 


9 


19 


29 


1.47 


10 


20 


30 


1.48 






31 


1.47 











292 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreclcels ditch at station No. 6, near Huelo, Maui, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




35 
54 
53 
42 
39 

44 
44 
44 
43 
42 


11 


33 
29 
46 
54 

58 

59 
56 

58 
58 
58 


45 
45 
46 
46 
44 

48 
48 
48 
48 
48 


21 


60 
60 
53 
54 
56 

54 
54 
48 
37 
37 


48 


2 




12 


22 


48 


3 




13 


23 


48 


4 




14 


24 


50 


5 




15 


25 


48 


6 


37 
49 
56 
45 
36 


16 


26 


48 


7 


17 


27 


48 


8 


18 


28 


47 


9 


19 


29 


48 


10 


20 


30 .... 


48 






31 


48 











Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly vrell defined below 50 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. 6, near Huelo, Maui, for Nov. 6 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Bun-off 
(total ia 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 6-30 


60 
54 


29 
35 


49.8 
46.3 


2,470 
2,850 


B. 


December 


A. 







SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 7, NEAK HTTELO, MAUI. 

Station No, 7 on Spreckels ditch is located about 40 feet below the 
lower portal of the first tunnel west of Oopuola Stream and about If 
miles east of Kailua (Huelo post office). It was established Novem- 
ber 6, 1911. 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of a foot, is fastened to the left 
bank and is used to obtain gage heights. Measurements are made 
from a log across the ditch 12 feet below the gage. 

Between this station and station No. 6 Spreckels ditch receives 

•the combined flow of Pohakuhame, Punaluu, Kaaiea, Makanale, 

and Oopuola streams at low and medium stages. Water may be 

turned out of the ditch at Oopuola Stream when so desired and 

picked up again by Center ditch at a lower elevation. 

Discharge measurements of Spreckels ditch at station No. 7, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov 9 


J. B . Stewart 


Feet. 
7.0 
6.8 
7.1 
6.8 
6.8 
6.9 


Sq.ft. 

10.9 
9.8 

11.6 
5.8 
9.7 
9.7 


Feet. 
1.65 
1.47 
1.82 
0.95 
1.00 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
46.1 


11 


do 


40.7 


13 


do 


54.7 




do . 


20.1 


7 


do 


20.4 


13 


do . 


22.0 









ISLAND OF MAUI. 



293 



Daily gage height, in feet, of SprecTcels ditch at station No. 7.,^near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 

[John Pacheco, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 


1.4 
1.3 
2.0 
1.9 
1.95 

1.8 
2.2 
1.95 


0.95 
.9 
1.0 
1.15 
1.0 

1.1 

""\.2 
1.2 
1.2 


21 


2.0 

1.95 

1.9 

1.95 

1.8 

1.8 
1.7 


1.2 


2 






12 


22 


1.2 


3 






13 


23 


1.15 


4 




1.0 
1.0 

1.2 
1.0 
1.35 
1.0 


14 


24 




5 




15 


25 




6 


1.2 


16 


26 


1.1 


7 . ... 


17 


27 


1.1 


8 


1.8 

1.6^ 

1.5 


18 


28 


1.1 


9 


19 


29 




1.15 


10 


20 


1.85 


30 




1.1 






31 















Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 7, near Huelo, 

for 1911. 



Maui, 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




a 30 

a 25 

o23 

21 

21 

28 
21 
34 
21 
a 20 


11 


36 
32 
65 
60 
62 

55 
75 
62 
60 
58 


19 

18 
21 
26 
21 

24 
a 26 

28 
28 
28 


21 


65 
62 
60 
62 
55 

55 

50 

O50 

45 

a 40 


28 


2 




12 


22 


28 


3 




13 


23 


26 


4 




14 

15 


24 


o26 


5 . 




25 


o24 


6 


28 
a 42 
55 
48 
40 


16 


26 


24 


7 


17 


27 


24 


8 


18 


28 


24 


9 


19 


29 


26 


10 


20 


30 


24 






31 


o24 











o Discharge interpolated. 
Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 60 second-feet. 

Monthly discharge of Spreckels ditch at station No. 7, near Huelo, Maui, for Nov. 6 to 

Dec. SI, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


November 6-30 


75 
34 


28 
18 


52.9 
24.5 


2,620 
1,510 


B. 




B. 







Note.— Water was wasted at Oopuola spillway during December. 
SPRECKELS DITCH AT STATION NO. 8, NEAR HTTELO, MAUI, 

Station No. 8 on Spreckels ditch was established November 8, 
1911, about 275 feet above the weir outlet into the Papaaea reservoir 
1 mUe east of Kailua (Huelo post office). 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of a foot, is fastened to the right 
bank and is used for obtaining gage heights. Measurements are 
made from a plank across the ditch at th:^ gage. 

During the latter part of 1911 water was turned out of Spreckels 
ditch above this station and picked up by Center ditch below. 



294 WATEE EESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements of SprecJcels ditch at station No. 8, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 7 


J.B.Stewart 


Feet. 
6.5 
6.4 
6.5 


Sq.ft. 
14.4 
14.4 
17.0 


Feet. 
2.09 
2.11 
2.41 


Sec.-ft. 
45.8 


9 


do 


45.2 


13 


do 


58 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 8, near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Day. 


Nov. 


1 




11 


2.02 


21 


2.55 


2 




12 


22 


2.52 


3 




13 


2.45 
2.70 
2.50 

2.32 
2.75 
2.50 


23 


2.40 


4 


1.61 


14 


24 


2.50 


5 


15 


25 


2.30 


6 




, 16 


26 




7 


2.10 
2. .30 


1 17 


27 


2.20 


8 


18 


28 




9 


2.10 


19 


29 




10 


1.95 


20 


2.35 


30 








31 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Spreckels ditch at station No. 8, near Huelo, Maui, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Nov. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Day. 


Nov. 


1 




11 


42 

o51 

60 

74 
63 

53 
77 
63 
a 59 
55 


21 


65 


2 




12 


22 


63 


3 




13 


23 


58 


4 .. 


32 

36 

40 
45 
53 
45 
40 


14 


24 


63 


5 


15 


25 


53 


6 


16 


26 


a 51 


7 


17 


27 


49 


8 


18 .. . 


28 




9 


19 


29 




10 


20 


30 








31 











a Discharge interpolated. 

Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 

Owing to a break in the ditch no water was carried past this station from Nov. 28 to Dec. 31, 1911. 

CENTER DITCH REGION. 
CENTER DITCH NEAR HUELO, MAITI. 

Center ditcTi region includes that part of the ditch country of East 
Maui below Spreckels ditch east of Nailiilihaele Stream and west of 
Honomanu. 

Center ditch is an extension of Lowrie ditch east of Naihilihaele 
Stream. It takes up water from the streams which originate below 
or pass Spreckels ditch. 

A staff gage, graduated iq inches, is used by the Hawaiian Com- 
mercial & Sugar Co. to obtain the daily stage of the ditch. This gage 
is located near the ditchman's house, about 3 miles by trail from 
Kailua (Huelo post ojB&ce) . It is between Kolea and Punaluu streams. 



ISLAND OP MAUI. 



295 



Current meter measurements are made from a plank across the ditcli 
at the gage. 

The gage-height records for 1910-11 were furnished by the Hawaiian 
Commercial & Sugar Co. 

Discharge measurements of Center ditch near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 16 


J.B.Stewart 


Feet. 
8.4 
7.5 
8.9 
12.0 
9.4 


Sq.ft. 
18.5 
10.9 
18.7 
41.6 
24.7 


Indies. 
26J 
18§ 
29i 
55i 
37i 


Sec.-ft. 
54.5 


Dec. 5 


do 


25.3 


7 


do 


48.0 


8 


do 


96.6 


13 


do 


66.1 









Note. — An additional measurement made early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. 
Daily gage height, in inches, of Center ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 

Day. 



1910. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 •. . . 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

1911. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


19J 


49 


6 


42} 


26} 


434 


174 


144 


21 


414 


4 


13 


m 


9 


40| 


49} 


45} 


17} 


10} 


144 


51} 


4 


9 


47 


424 


40i 


444 


434 


23 


464 


25 


53 


4 


26f 


45J 


49i 


42f 


49 


44i 


47 


55 


20 


48} 


27 


41J 


44i 


36 


42 


47 


44} 


44J 


49 


19 


324 


4 


37i 


40J 


36 


41f 


46} 


434 


39f 


454 


13 


43 


4 


351- 


34i 


41 


47 


48i 


45 


42f 


42 


9 


384 


44 


27i 


28 


314 


49 


444 


45 


354 


384 


9} 


354 


4 


164 


23§ 


23 


444 


454 


44i 
444 


294 


414 


54 


47} 


4 


20J 


20 


18 


414 


43} 


24i 


35} 


4} 


504 


4} 


39 


17* 


17 


39 


43 


484 


324 


294 


44 


38} 


4 


46J 


36i 


11 


323 


39} 


48 


34.. 


38 


44 


28 


4 


41f 


44 


7* 


27 


35 


514 


21 


47} 


44 


234 


34 


41i 


32 


8 


254 


284 


49 


29} 


484 


4 


15* 


3} 


42 


24 


6 


22i 


334 


54 


50} 


424 


4 


10} 


3 


42 


19 


5 


174 


464 


50 


494 


33} 


5 


12 


34 


43i 


IH 


^ 


36} 


394 


47 


44} 


26} 


4 


134 


30} 


44i 


m 


5 


484 


42 


48 


414 


25} 


4 


6 


434 


44 


2ii 


21 


41 


454 


464 


39 


23 


4 


5 


41 


42 


8f 


42 


36 


424 


48 


34 


51 


4 


54 


18} 


47i 


28 


43i 


354 


37 


49f 


28 


454 


4 


25* 


10 


45i 


474 


424 


274 


304 


47 


244 


40} 


4 


284 


54 


45 


404 


47 


284 


m 


43 


23 


424 


4} 


444 


224 


45J 


304 


44 


42 


364 


334 


19 


44} 


S 


214 


48 


43i 


224 


424 


434 


28 


354 


32 


51 


4 


«4 


22 


41 


164 


424 


50 


25} 


251 


214 


43 


4 


4} 


9 


48 


15 


42i 


42 


18i 


29 


20 


414 


4 


4 


54 


26i 


13 


40 


354 


154 


224 


15 


47 


154 


8} 


274 


44 




374 


28 


i'A 


25 


11 


36 


6} 


124 


584 


48 




324 


194 


10 


20} 


13 


27} 


52} 


4} 


54 


49J 




444 




54 




234 


22 




4 




41J 


47 


37 


294 


43 


184 


384 


124 


33 


47} 


4 


39i 


53 


28 


29f 


S3 


38 


40} 


26} 


39 


48 


3} 


26i 


51 


20i 


29 


414 


43f 


36| 


18 


32 


52 


3} 


52 


52 


154 


16J 


26J 


47 


45 


94 


30 


51 


34 


51J 


50i 


12 


94 


294 


SO 


42} 


10} 


254 


50} 


34 


29§ 


43 


8^ 


64 


48 


454 


434 


44 


174 


384 


5 


28 


424 


«* 


H 


41} 


484 


44 


4} 


43 


504 


54 


25 


464 


6 


54 


33 


4V4 


424 


4} 


62} 


48* 


33} 


20§ 


45 


13 


5 


52 


48 


40 


64 


49 


50} 


10 


56 


444 


9i 


8 


m 


51} 


424 


64 


344 


51 


5 


52 


344 


54 


8 


44 


45} 


46 


8} 


54 


46} 


5} 


S3J 


42 


5 


74 


44 


434 


46 


8} 


524 


39 


4} 


53 


41 


4i 


7 


424 


46} 


43} 


25} 


40 


334 


29 


46i 


36 


54 


6} 


534 


454 


40} 


S 


374 


334 


52} 


42 


294 


16 


34 


524 


41i 


44} 


4 


44 


304 


524 



574 

484 
39 



41} 
94 
124 
15 
11 

104 
5} 

7} 

13} 

12} 
104 

84 
114 

54 

54 
164 

6 
55 
31 

324 

374 

40 

28 

214 

32} 



324 

25 

18} 

214 

194 

474 

37} 

554 

44 

34 

294 

21 

424 

544 

56 



296 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Daily gage height, in inches, of Center ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



30 
28 
22i 
13 
11 J 

9i 
11 

9 

47* 
47" 

36 

52J 

50i 

39* 

33|- 

46* 



14J 

13 

13f 

lOf 

16 

Hi 

n 

18 
17 

lOi 

35 

44i 



9i 
3i 
3 

23 

21J 

4 
12 
3i 
3 
3 

2J 

m 

8i 

2i 

2i 

34i 



3 

43i 
39i 
36 
40i 

36J 

33i 

40 

49J 

46J 

47i 

45J 

51 

42i 

35f 



48i 
46 
47i 
42 
40J 

41| 

41 

47 

40J 

33J 

33J 
34i 
33i 
39J 
30| 
27 



45 

40i 

39 

44i 

42i 



44i 
34i 
3ia 
35J 

40i 

42 

41J 

U\ 

33i 



44i 

36 

28-J 

24J 

36 

23 

25J 

36 

22 

175 

15 

17J 

11 
9h 
6i 
6J 



46i 
43i 
28J 
54 
44 

25i 

21 

15i 

48i 

52J 

50} 
36J 

28 
48 
53i 
47i 



39 

40J 

43 

43a 

52 

50i 
53i 
53i 
51i 
48i 

5 If 

49 

50i 

471 

56i 



26i 

37 

25 

21J 

19J 

19i 
17i 

5a 

5 

5§ 

10 
4| 

4i 
4i 
4 
4 



26i 
504 
49i 
47} 



50J 
50i 
50J 

43 

314 
28i 
55i 
52J 
45 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Center ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


28 
15 
8.5 
44 

77 

68 
64 
45 
22 
30 

71 
86 
78 
77 
78 

78 
81 
83 
82 
78 

88 
85 
84 
85 
80 

76 
89 
86 
82 
89 
90 

78 
72 
42 
93 
92 

50 
46 
40 
30 
97 


90 
90 
87 
85 
83 

76 
62 
46 
36 
29 

24 
66 
82 
55 
37 

27 
20 
24 
32 

8.2 

46 
88 
75 
52 
34 

22 
19 
15 

87 
94 
92 
93 
91 

80 
79 
86 
84 
83 


4.9 

8.5 
79 
91 
65 

65 
76 
54 
35 
25 

23 

11 
6.6 
7.2 
4.9 

3.9 
3.6 
3.9 
31 

78 

80 
79 
87 
82 
79 

79 

78 
74 
68 
56 
83 

67 
46 
30 
20 
13 

8.2 
5.8 
4.9 
15 
8.9 


78 
76 
76 
80 

78 

78 
87 
90 
83 
77 

71 
57 
44 
41 
34 

24 
66 
90 
76 
65 

64 
45 
47 

78 
81 

91 
78 
64 
46 
28 

50 
50 
48 
22 
9.2 

5.4 
4.6 
4.4 
3.9 
7.2 


42 
90 
83 
90 

87 

86 
90 
83 
85 
80 

80 
72 
63 
47 
59 

86 
72 
78 
85 
79 

67 
52 

46 

40 
26 
20 
14 
10 
95 

80 
94 
77 
44 
50 

89 
76 
58 
93 
88 


81 
84 
81 
84 
82 

81 
84 
84 
84 
83 

90 
89 
92 
90 
95 

91 
87 
89 
86 
89 

91 
87 
80 
59 
64 

42 
48 
34 
40 
30 

26 
69 

82 
87 
91 

85 
90 
88 
89 
92 


24 
24 
35 

87 
84 

73 
80 
64 
50 
39 

56 
62 
31 
50 
91 

90 
82 
77 
71 
60 

46 
38 
35 
27 
55 

32 
29 
19 
11 
15 
36 

70 

74 
66 

84 
78 

81 
82 
79 
74 
79 


18 
10 
86 
96 
90 

85 
78 
70 
77 
64 

50 
69 
88 
90 
79 

60 
42 
40 
35 
92 

85 
74 
•79 
84 
92 

80 

77 
87 
65 
44 
33 

14 
42 
25 
9.2 
11 

3.4 
3.6 
3.6 
5.4 
5.4 


31 
18 
40 
29 

47 

15 

8.5 
9.7 
4.4 
3.6 

3.4 
3.4 
3.4 
2.9 
2.9 

3.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 
3.2 
3.9 
2.9 

2.9 
2.9 

20 
5.2 

94 

58 
71 
55 
51 
41 

24 
80 
94 
90 
62 


77 
92 
94 
90 
56 

80 
70 
64 

88 
92 

70 
46 
36 
20 
10 

13 

16 
4.9 
3.9 
4.4 

41 
47 
83 
32 
7.8 

3.6 
2.9 
7.5 
14 
3.6 
2.9 

88 
89 
93 
92 
92 

70 
92 
90 
92 
92 


2.9 
2.9 
2.9 
44 
2.9 

2.9 
3.4 
2.9 
2.9 
3.2 

2.9 
2.9 
2.4 
2.2 
2.0 

2.4 
52 
81 
76 
26 

10 
4.4 
34 
89 
33 

8.5 
4.4 

45 

98 

95 

2.9 

2.7 
2.7 
2.4 
2.4 

3.9 
4.4 

58 

10 
3.9 


98 


2 


90 


3 


71 


4 


90 


5 


76 


C 


76 


7 


9.2 


8 


14 


9 


19 


10 


11 


11 


10 


12 


4.2 


13 


0.0 


14 


6.3 


15 


16 


16 


14 


17 


10 


18 


7.8 


19 


12 


20 


4.4 


21 


4.4 


22 


22 


23 


4.9 


24 


96 


25 


53 


26 


56 


27 


68 


28 


74 


29 


46 


30 


32 


31 


56 


1911. 
1... . ... 


56 


2 


40 


3 


26 


4 


32 


5 


28 


6 


88 


7 


68 


8 


96 


9 


82 


10 


60 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 297 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Center ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
11 


93 
95 

94 
SO 
78 

51 

40 
34 
15 
12 

9.2 
11 

8.5 

88 
87 

05 
94 
92 
72 
60 
86 


62 
78 
76 
65 
50 

18 
15 
16 
11 
21 

12 
16 
6.9 
25 
23 

10 
63 
83 


4.4 
3.9 
3.6 

4.4 
21 

8.9 
2.4 
2.0 

35 

32 

2.9 
13 
2.2 
2.0 
2.0 

1.8 

12 
7.8 
1.4 
1.4 

61 


7.2 
6.6 
6.0 
4.2 
2.4 

2.0 

81 

72 
65 
74 

66 
59 
74 
91 
86 

88 
84 
92 
78 
64 


82 
82 
79 
95 
94 

89 
86 

88 
78 
75 

78 
76 
87 
76 
59 

59 
62 
58 
73 
52 
44 


86 
81 
86 
85 
78 

84 
75 
71 
83 
78 

90 
83 
61 
54 
64 

75 

78 
77 
61 
58 


86 
86 
80 
76 
84 

83 
65 
48 
38 
65 

35 
41 
65 
33 

24 

19 

24 

11 
9.2 
5.4 
5.4 


8.2 
8.2 
40 
3.9 
2.9 

86 
80 
47 
95 

82 

41 

31 
20 
89 
94 

92 
66 
46 
89 
94 
88 


95 

94 
74 
68 
82 

71 
75 
80 
82 
93 

92 
94 
94 
92 
90 

93 
90 
91 
88 
97 


87 
71 
59 
59 
52 

42 
67 
40 
32 

28 

28 

24 
4.6 
3.9 
4.4 

10 
3.6 
3.4 
3.2 
2.9 
2.9 


4.2 
3.6 

48 

93 

94 

43 

92 
90 

88 
89 

92 
91 
91 
90 
80 

54 

47 
96 
94 

84 


50 


12 


31 


13 


79 


14 


96 


15 


97 


10 


97 


17 . 


96 


18 


96 


19 


96 


20 . . 


95 


21 


94 


2'' 


89 


23 


57 




86 


25 


49 


26. . . 


35 




30 


28 


27 


29 


77 


30 


44 


31 


55 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined above 20 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Center ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-teet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


1910. 


90 
90 
91 
91 
95 
95 
91 
96 
94 
94 
98 
98 


8.5 
8.2 
3.6 

24 

10 

30 

11 

10 
2.9 
2.9 
2.0 
4.2 


68.6 
50.4 
49.1 
66.4 
65.4 
76.7 
50.7 
68.4 
11.9 
41.0 
24.7 
37.1 


4,220 
2,800 
3,020 
3,950 
4,020 
4,560 
3,120 
4,210 
708 
2,520 
1,470 
2,280 


A. 


February 


A. 




B. 




A. 


May 


A. 




A. 


Julv 


A. 




A. 




C. 


October 


B. 




C. 




B. 






The year 


98 


2.0 


50.9 


36,900 








1911. 


97 
94 
67 
92 
95 
92 
86 
95 
97 
93 
96 
97 


8.5 
6.9 
1.4 
2.0 

44 

26 
5.4 
2.9 

24 
2.9 
2.4 

26 


61.8 
54.3 
14.3 
43.6 
74.9 
76.9 
56.5 
42.8 
78.7 
49.0 
51.9 
66.1 


3,800 
3,020 
879 
2,590 
4,610 
4,580 
3,470 
2,630 
4,680 
3,010 
3,090 
4,060 


A. 




A. 


March 


C. 




C. 


Mav 


A. 




A. 


July 


A. 




C. 


September 


A. 




B. 




C. 


December 


A. 








97 


1.4 


55.8 


40,400 









298 WATEE RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

HAMAKUA DITCH REGION. 
GENERAL FEATXTRES. 

The Hamakua ditch region includes that part of the ditch country 
of East Maui west of Nailiilihaele Stream. Five ditches at different 
levels are used to convey the water from this region to the cane fields 
on the isthmus of Maui. In order of elevation they are Haiku, 
Lowrie, Old Hamakua, New Hamakua, and Kailuanui ditches. 
They cross about 20 gulches east of Maliko, all of which have more 
or less water at all times and large quantities after storms. 

The Hamakua ditch proper begins at Nailiilihaele Stream. From 
the Alo division weir to the Nailiilihaele two-thirds of the water 
from the Koolau ditch is carried by the Hamakua ditch extension. 
No water is taken into this ditch between these two pomts. The 
old Hamakua ditch, built by H. P. Baldwin and Sam Alexander in 
1876-78, started from the main branch of the Nailiilihaele at a much 
higher elevation than the present intake of the new Hamakua ditch. 
It was of irregular grade, dropping mto gulches and takmg out again 
farther down, fuially delivering the water to the lands of the Haiku 
Sugar Co. and the Paia plantation at an elevation of 850 feet. The 
total length of the ditch was 34 miles and its capacity 40 second-feet. 

The new Hamakua ditch, starting at an elevation of 1,190 feet, 
has a regular grade of 5 feet to the mile and a length of 16 miles. Its 
maximum capacity is 120 second-feet. The two ditches cross in 
Hoolawanui Stream, just east of Lupi. 

All of the measurements made in this region have been made near 
the trails which follow these two ditches. 

NAILIILIHAELE STREAM NEAR HUELO, MAUI. 

Nailiilihaele is one of the largest of the streams supplying water 
to the East Maui ditches. It rises far up on the northern slope of 
Haleakala, where the rainfall is heavy. The total flow of the stream 
at low stages is taken by the new Hamakua ditch; at higher stages 
water passes down the stream to the Lowrie and Haiku ditches below. 

The gaging station was established on Nailiilihaele Stream just 
above the crossing of new Hamakua ditch, about 1| miles south of 
Kailua (Huelo post ofhce), December 9, 1910. A staff gage, grad- 
uated in tenths of feet and consisting of two parts, is fastened to the 
right bank about 12 feet above the ditch. Only wading measure- 
ments have been made. The discharge at this pomt gives the total 
flow of the stream above all diversions. 

A large tributary from the west joins the mam Nailiilihaele Stream 
about half a mile above the gaging station. 



ISLAND OF MAm. 290 

Discharge measurements of Nailiilihaele Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Jan 18 




Feet. 
21. i 


Sq.ft. 
32.4 


Feet. 
2.25 


Sec.-ft. 
20.6 









Note. — Additional measurements made early in 1912 were used in determining the rating. Measurements 
made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Nailiilihaele Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Weymura, observer.] 



Day. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
l 




11.. 
12.. 
13.. 

14.. 
15.. 

16.. 
17.. 
18.. 
19.. 
20.. 


1910. 






21... 


1910. 




1 86 


2 










2.35 
2.30 
2.22 
2.20 

2.10 
2.01 
1.92 
1.96 
1.91 


22 


1 97 












23 


1.94 












24 


4 26 


5 










25 


3 01 












26 


5 55 












27 


3 26 


g 










28 


2 90 




2.75 








29 


2 42 




^ 






30 


2 38 














31 


3 10 








Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec 


1911. 
1 


3.45 
2.85 
2.65 
3.35 
3.25 

2.75 
2.70 
2.54 
2.50 
2.60 

2.90 
2.95 
3.20 
2.55 
2.60 

2.35 
2.30 
2.25 
2.18 
. 2.08 

2.05 
2.00 
1.95 
2.70 
2.45 

2.35 
2.80 
3.80 
2.60 
2.40 
2.85 


2.80 
3.90 
3.35 
4.30 
3.15 

4.45 
3.15 
4.35 
4.50 
6.25 

3.05 
2.75 
2.60 
2.50 
2.35 

2.30 
2.22 
2.15 
2.05 
2.10 

2.00 
1.95 
1.84 
1.95 
1.92 

1.82 
3.00 
3.75 


2.65 
2.45 
2.20 
2.00 
1.98 

1.86 
1.80 
1.75 
1.71 
1.90 

1.68 
1.62 
1.60 
1.89 
2.15 

1.95 
1.84 
1.75 
2.36 
2.20 

1.82 
2.00 
1.86 
1.90 
1.82 

1.92 
1.80 
1.71 
1.70 
2.04 
2.60 


2.30 
2.35 
2.25 
2.10 
2.05 

1.95 
1.88 
1.80 
1.74 
1.70 

1.70 
1.68 
1.60 
1.60 
1.55 

1.52 
3.10 
2.40 
2.30 
2.70 

3.25 
3.20 
4.25 
3.45 
3.55 

3.45 
2.60 
2.50 
2.50 
2.50 


2.40 
2.65 
2.50 
2.35 
2.25 

2.60 
2.65 
2.50 
3.55 
3.45 

2.70 
2.55 
2.50 
2.85 
3.05 

3.30 
3.05 
2.90 
2.55 
2.55 

3.30 
3.00 
2.65 
2.55 
2.40 

2.50 
2.45 
2.35 
2.65 
2.40 
2.25 


2.20 
2.45 
2.75 
3.25 
2.35 

3.05 
3.30 
3.45 
3.55 
3.55 

3.05 
2.75 
3.05 

2.85 
2.65 

2.75 
2.65 
2.65 
2.65 
2.70 

2.65 
2.70 
2.55 
2.55 
2.60 

2.85 
2.55 
2.60 
2.45 
2.45 


2.90 
2.65 
2.55 
2.65 
2.55 

2.65 
2.60 
2.65 
2.65 
2.75 

3.05 
3.10 
2.55 
2.50. 
2.90 

2.65 
2.50 
2.35 
2.30 
2.35 

2.30 
2.25 
2.30 
2.20 
2.15 

2.10 
2.05 
1.95 

1.88 
1.80 
1.78 


1.80 
2.08 
1.82 
1.75 
1.68 

1.58 
1.60 
1.60 
1.65 
1.58 

1.60 
1.65 
2.25 
1.68 
1.60 

2.70 
2.55 
2.45 
3.50 
2.45 

2.25 
2.20 
2.10 
2.75 
2.90 

2.75 
2.45 
2.32 
3.30 
3.35 
2.60 


2.42 
2.58 
2.32 
2.30 
2.25 

2.18 
2.70 
3.00 
2.70 
2.45 

3.65 
2.85 
2.55 
2.40 
2.55 

2.38 
2.65 
3.25 
2.58 
3.65 

3.05 
3.45 
3.00 
3.05 
2.80 

3.30 
3.00 
3.15 

2.85 
4.50 


3.05 
2.80 
2.80 
2.90 
2.80 

2.75 
2.85 
2.90 
2.75 
2.60 

2.60 
2.45 
2.28 
2.20 
2.18 

2.12 
2.30 
2.05 
1.92 
1.88 

1.82 
1.82 
1.78 
1.70 
1.70 

1.75 
1.68 
1.62 
1.60 
1.60 
1.58 


1.55 
1.52 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 

1.65 
1.75 
2.35 
1.75 
1.62 

1.62 
1.60 
2.50 
2.90 
2.85 

2.28 
3.20 
2.75 
2.82 
3.00 

3.05 
3.20 
3.05 
2.90 
2.50 

2.35 
2.30 
3.55 
2.80 
2.50 


2.32 


2 


2.25 


3 


2.18 


4 


2.20 


5 


2.10 


6 


2.75 


7 


2.45 


8 


2.95 


9 


2.35 


10 


2.32 


11 


2.22 




2.18 


13 


2.28 




2.90 


15 


3.15 


16 


2.92 




2.85 


18 


3.00 




2.92 


20 


2.82 


21 


2.70 




2.58 


23 


2.45 




2.40 


25 


2.28 


26 


2.20 




2.12 


28 


2.15 




2.25 


30 


2.20 


31 


2.25 











300 WATEK RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Nailiilihaele Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec 


Day. 


Dec 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 . 




1910. 
11 


a 28 
24 
22 
19 
19 

17 
15 
13 
14 
13 


1910. 
21 . . 


12 


9 




12 


22 


14 


3 




13 


23 


14 


4 




14 


24 


128 


5 




15 


25 


48 


6 




16 


26 


240 






17 


27 


61 


8 




1 18 


28 .. 


43 


9 


37 
a 32 


19 


29 


25 


10 


20 


30 


25 






31 


53 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


73 
41 
33 
67 
61 

37 
35 
30 
28 
31 

43 
46 
58 
30 
31 

24 
22 
20 
20 
17 

16 
15 
14 
35 

26 

24 
39 
95 
31 
25 
41 


39 
100 

67 
130 

56 

145 
56 
135 
150 
300 

50 
37 
31 

28 
24 

22 
19 
18 
16 
17 

15 
14 
12 
14 
13 

11 

48 
92 


33 
26 
19 
15 
15 

12 
11 
10 
9.2 
13 

9.2 
7.8 
7.8 

13 

18 

14 
12 
10 
24 
19 

11 
15 
12 
13 
11 

13 

11 
9.2 
9.2 

16 

31 


22 
24 
20 
17 
16 

14 
13 
11 
10 
9.2 

9.2 
9.2 

7.8 
7.8 
7.2 

6.6 
53 
25 
22 
35 

61 
58 
130 
73 
79 

73 
31 
28 
28 
28 


25 
33 
28 
24 
20 

31 
33 

28 
79 
73 

35 
30 
28 
41 
50 

64 
50 
43 
30 
30 

C4 
48 
33 
30 
25 

28 
26 
24 
33 
25 
20 


19 
26 
37 
61 
24 

50 
64 
73 
79 
79 

50 
37 
50 
41 
33 

37 
33 
33 
33 
35 

33 
35 
30 
30 
31 

41 
30 
31 
26 
26 


43 
33 
30 
33 
30 

33 
31 
33 
33 
37 

50 
53 
30 

28 
43 

33 
28 
24 
22 
24 

22 
20 
22 
19 
18 

17 
16 
14 
13 
11 
11 


11 
17 
11 
10 
9.2 

7.8 
7.8 
7.8 
8.5 
7.8 

7.8 
8.5 
20 
9.2 

7.8 

35 
30 

26 
76 
26 

20 
19 
17 
37 
43 

37 
26 
22 
64 
67 
31 


25 
31 
22 
22 
20 

19 
35 
48 
35 
26 

85 
41 
30 
25 
30 

25 
33 
61 
31 

85 

50 
73 
48 
50 
39 

64 
48 
56 
41 
150 


50 
39 
39 
43 
39 

37 
41 
43 
37 
31 

31 
26 
22 
19 
19 

17 
22 
16 
13 
13 

11 

11 

11 
9.2 
9.2 

10 
9.2 

7.8 
7.8 
7.8 
7.8 


7.2 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 

8.5 
10 
24 
10 

7.8 

7.8 
7.8 

28 

43 

41 

22 
58 
37 
39 
48 

50 
58 
50 
43 
28 

24 
22 
79 
39 
28 


22 


9 


20 


3 


19 


4 


19 


5 


17 


6 


37 


7 


26 


8 


46 


9 


24 


10 


22 


U 


19 


12 


19 


13 


22 


14 


43 


15 


56 


16 


43 


17 


41 


18 


48 


19 


43 


20 


39 


21 


35 


•)9 


31 


23 


26 


24 


25 


25 


22 


26 


19 


27 


17 


28 


18 


29 


20 




19 


31 


20 







o Discharge interpolated. 

Note.— Daily discharge computed from a poorly defined rating curve. Discharge applied to nearest 
half tenth of gage height. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 301 

Monthly discharge of Nailiilihaele Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofE 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


12 


240 


39.8 


1,820 


95 


14 


35.7 


2,200 


300 


11 


59.2 


3,290 


33 


7.8 


14.5 


892 


130 


6.6 


30.9 


1,840 


79 


20 


36.5 


2,240 


79 


19 


40.2 


2,390 


53 


11 


27.5 


1,690 


76 


7.8 


23.5 


1,440 


150 


19 


44.9 


2,670 


50 


7.8 


22.5 


1,380 


79 


6.6 


28.2 


1,680 


56 


17 


28.3 


1,740 


300 


6.6 


32.4 


23,500 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910 
December 9-31 

191L 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



KAILTTA STREAM NEAR HITELO, MAUI. 

Kailua Stream, which is just west of NailiiUhaele Stream, is one of 
the large streams supplying the East Maui ditches. Its principal 
tributary is Oanui Stream, which enters it from the west just below 
new Hamakua ditch. The total flow of Kailua Stream at low stages 
is taken by the new Hamakua ditch; at higher stages water passes 
down to the Lowrie and Haiku ditches below. 

A gaging station was established on this stream about 400 feet above 
the flume crossing the new Hamakua ditch and about 1 mile above 
Kailua (Huelo post office) December 8, 1910. 

A staff gage, graduated into tenths of a foot, is fastened to stones on 
the left bank. The channel is exceedingly rough near the gage, but 
smooths out several hundred feet farther upstream, giving a good 
measuring section. A wire footbridge was built at this place and 
several measurements made'in January, 1911. 

The gage heights are affected by the gate openings of the feeder 
ditch. For this reason it has been necessary to make separate ratings 
for use according as the intake gate is open or closed. As insufficient 
measurements were obtained for rating the stream with the intake 
gate open, estimates have been made only in the case of the gate 
closed, which give the total flow of the stream above all diversions. 

No measurements have been obtained at this station since January, 
1911. 



302 WATER EESOURCES OP HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements of Kailua Stream near Huelo, Maui, 1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Width. 



Area of 


Gage 


section. 


height. 


Sq.ft. 


Feet. 


17 


2.78 


84 


3.80 


62 


3.10 


52 


2.70 



Dis- 
charge. 



Jan. 



Pierce and Schulz 

do 

do 

Pierce and Martin 



Feel. 
47.5 
29 
25 
22 



Sec.-ft. 

9.6 

119 

31.6 

18.3 



a Measurement made by wading on crest of concrete dam at Old Hamakua ditch intake. No water 
diverted. 

Note. — Measurements made from bridge several hundred feet above gage, except as noted. New Hama- 
kua ditch intake closed during the measurements. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kailua Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Weymura, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910.. 
1 




11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 

17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




2.40 
1.80 
1.6S 
1.60 
1.52 

1.50 
1.46 
1.44 
1.46 
1.40 


21... 


1910. 




1.41 


2 










22 


1.55 


3 










23 


1 42 


4 










24 


3 98 


5 










25 


3 26 


6 










26 


4 65 


7 










27 


3 02 


8 


4.00 
3.72 
3.55 








28 


2 41 


9 








29 


1 75 


10 








30 


1 64 












31 


3 10 








Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


3.35 
2.75 
2.15 
4.20 
4.25 

2.80 
2.85 
2.52 
2.45 
3.80 

3.00 
3.10 
3.45 
2.75 
2.60 

1.82 
1.88 
1.72 
1.60 
1.58 

1.50 
1.50 
1.45 
2.50 
2.75 

1.72 
3.10 
3.80 
2.50 
1.9fl 
2.60 


3.00 
4.50 
3.80 
4.10 
3.25 

4.75 
3.25 
5.50 
6.05 
7.00 

3.15 
3.05 
2.95 
2.70 
2.45 

1.90 
1.82 
1.68 
1.55 
1.58 

1.52 
1.48 
1.45 
1.48 
1.50 

1.48 
3.05 
3.75 


2.90 
2.60 
1.65 
1.52 
1.48 

1.42 
1.40 
1.40 
1.34 
1.42 

1.34 

1..32 
1.30 
1.59 
1.85 

1.62 
1.44 
1.40 
2.25 
1.90 

1.44 
1.44 
1.40 
1.42 
1.41 

1.45 
1.40 
1.38 
1.45 
1.65 
2- as 


1.98 
2.30 
2.20 
1.75 
1.55 

1.46 
1.38 
1.30 
1.30 
1.29 

1.22 
1.20 
1.20 
1.15 
1.12 

1.10 
3.30 
2.35 
1.95 
2.00 

3.10 
2.55 
4.80 
4.55 
4.55 

3.55 
2.45 
2.65 
2.35 
2.25 


2.40 
2.55 
2.25 
1.95 
1.72 

2.50 
2.35 
1.95 
3.65 
3.35 

2.80 
2.35 
2.25 
2.90 
3.45 

3.40 
3.15 
3.20 
2.65 
2.60 

3.25 
2.95 
3.05 
2.55 
2.42 

2.65 
2.60 
2.35 
2.65 
1.95 
1.82 


1.72 
1.98 
2.20 
4.05 
3.40 

3.45 
3.40 
3.70 
3.65 
3.75 

3.50 
3.10 
3.15 
3.05 
3.85 

2.90 
2.75 
2.65 
2.95 
2.85 

2.75 
2.80 
2.65 
1.88 
1.98 

3.15 
3.05 
2.85 
2.75 
1.90 


2.95 
3.00 
2.75 
2.90 
2.85 

2.90 
2.75 
2.95 
3.00 
3.15 

3.25 
3.25 
2.85 
2.85 
2.90 

2.85 
2.50 
1.68 
1.65 
1.62 

1.60 
1.62 
1.68 
1.60 
1.50 

1.42 
1.40 
1.30 
1.28 
1.25 
1.20 


1.22 
1.32 
1.22 
1.15 
1.10 

1.50 
1.30 
1.30 
1.10 
1.30 

1.30 
1.30 
1.45 
1.12 
1.30 

2.90 
2.60 
1.52 
4.00 
2.55 

1.55 
1.45 
1.42 
2.70 
3.15 

3.05 
1.88 
1.62 
4.15 
3.75 
2.80 


2.08 
2.40 
1.72 
1.62 
1.65 

1.60 
2.85 
3.70 
2.75 
2.22 

3.95 
3.20 
2.50 
2.05 
2.40 

2.10 
2.90 
3.55 
2.65 
4.25 

3.05 
3.65 
3.30 
3.60 
3.05 

3.30 
3.35 
3.75 
3.35 
5.75 


3.50 
3.15 
3.00 
3.30 
3.20 

3.20 
3.70 
3.40 
3.00 
2.75 

2.68 
2.58 
2.35 
1.55 
1.58 

1.52 
1.58 
1.48 
1.38 
1.30 

1.32 
1.28 
1.22 
1.18 
1.15 

1.18 
1.12 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 


1.10 
1.05 
1.05 
1.00 
1.02 

1.12 
1.12 

1.80 
1.18 
1.08 

1.10 
1.05 
1.78 
3.20 
3.05 

1.75 
3.80 
2.80 
2.80 
3.50 

3.85 
3.95 
3.90 
2.85 
2.00 

1.78 
1.68 
3.75 
3.35 
2.35 


1.70 


2 


1.68 


3 


1.48 


4 


1.48 


5 


1.42 


6 


2.10 


7 


1.55 


8 


3.40 


9 


1.75 


10 


1.60 


11 


1.52 


12 


1.50 


13 


1.62 


14 


3.90 


15 


4.60 


16 


3.85 


17 


3.50 


18 


3.90 




3.75 


20 


3.20 


21 


2.75 




2.50 


23 


2.32 




2.45 


25 


1.75 


26 


1.58 


27 


1.58 


28 


1.52 




1.60 


30 


1.55 




1.65 













ISLAND OF MAUI. 303 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kailua Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1..., 




(i 


11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 

17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 






21... 


1910. 






2 










22 




3 










23 




4 










24 


147 


5 










25 


53 


6 










26 


265 


7 










27 


32 


8 


15 








28 




9 


108 
86 








29 




10 








30 














31 


38 








Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 


62 
14 


30 

235 
120 
165 
52 

285 

52 

450 

588 
825 

42 
34 
26 


23 
7.6 








26 
30 
14 
23 
20 

23 
14 
26 
30 
42 

52 
52 
20 
20 
23 

20 






80 
42 
30 
57 
47 

47 
105 
68 
30 
14 

12 
7.6 






2 
































4 


180 
188 

17 
20 








158 
68 

74 
68 

105 
98 

112 

80 
38 
42 
34 
128 

23 
14 


























6 
















7 










20 
105 






8 










68 


9 








98 
63 






10 


120 

30 
38 
74 
14 
8 














11 








142 
47 






12 












13 












14 






23 

74 

68 

44 

47 
9.8 
7.6 

52 
26 
34 








47 
34 


135 


15 














255 


16 








23 






128 


17 








57 






120 
17 

17 
80 

128 
142 
135 


80 


18 












86 
9.8 

188 

34 
98 
57 
92 
34 

57 

62 
112 

62 
512 




135 


19 










'26 
20 

14 
17 
9.8 




150 


112 


20 










47 


21 ' 














14 


22 
















23 








295 
245 
245 

86 








24 










12 
42 

34 




25 


14 


















26 






9.8 

7.6 


42 
34 
20 
14 










27 


38 
120 


34 
112* 










28 












112 
62 




29 






9.8 




172 
112 
17 




30 












31 


7.6 















































Note.— Daily discharge for the days when the intake gate was closed and no water was being diverted 
determined from a, rating curve fairlj^ well defined below 150 second-feet. On days for which discharge 
is not given the intake gate was open, diverting water into the new Hamakua ditch, and no estimate 
could be made owing to insufficient measurements. 

OANIJI STREAM NEAR HFELO, MATTI. 

Oanui Stream is tributary to Kailua Stream from the west, enter- 
ing a short distance below the crossing of the new Hamakua ditch. 

A gaging station was established on this stream just above the 
ditch crossing December 7, 1910. A staff gage, graduated to tenths 
of feet, is fastened to the left bank and is used to obtain gage heights. 
There is no good section for high-water measurements near the gage, 
but several hundred feet farther up, near the old Hamakua ditch, a 
fairly good section is obtained, and all the measurements ware made 



304 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



at this section from a footbridge. No measurements have been 
obtained at this station since January, 1911. 

The discharge at this point gives the total flow of the stream above 
all diversions. 

Discharge measurements o/Oanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 






Feet. 
3.2 
4.5 
3.5 


Sq.ft. 
3.5 
5.9 
3.8 


Feet. 
1.90 
2.10 
1.90 


Sec.-ft. 
4.44 


11 


do 


14.0 


25 


Pierce and Martin 


6.4 













Note. — Measurements made from footbridge near Old Hamakua ditch several hundred feet above gage. 
Daily gage height, in feet, of 2niii S Lream near Ilaelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


I9in. 
1 




11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16.. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




1.8 
1.75 
1.75 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 
1.7 


21... 


1910. 




1.7 


2 










22 


1.7 


3 










23 


1.7 


4 










24 


1.95 


5 










25 


1.95 


6 










26 


2.5 


7 


2.3 
1.9 
1.85 
1.8 








27 


1.9 


8 








28 


1.9 


9 








29 


1.75 


10 . 








30 


1.7 












31 


1.9 








Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


2.0 
1.8 
1.85 
2.1 

2.05 

1.9 

1.9 

1.85 

1.85 

2.2 

2.0 

2.05 

2.1 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.85 

1.85 

1.85 

1.85 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.95 
1.9 

1.9 

2.05 

2.3 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 


1.9 

2.3 

2.15 

2.25 

2.05 

2.45 
2.05 
2.25 
2.35 
3.5 

2.05 
1.95 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.85 
1.85 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
2.05 
2.0 


1.9 


1.85 
1.85 
1.85 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.95 
1.95 
1.9 
1.9 

2.25 
1.9 
2.45 
2.55 
2.55 

2.35 

2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 


1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.85 
1.8 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
2.4 
2.35 

1.95 
1.9 
2.0 
2.15 
2.15 

2.15 

2.0 

2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

2.0 
2.0 
1.95 
1.95 

1.95 

1.95 

1.9 

1.85 

1.9 

1.85 

1.85 


1.85 
1.95 
2.0 
2.4 
2.05 

1.95 
2.05 
2.0 
2.25 
2.35 

2.0 
1.95 
2.05 
2.0 
1.9 

1.95 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

2.0 

1.95 

1.9 

1.9 

1.9 


2.0 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 

2.0 
1.9 
2.0 
2.0 
2.15 

2.05 

2.0 

1.9 

1.9 

2.0 

1.9 
1.9 
1.85 
1.85 
1.9 

1.85 
1.85 
1.85 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 


1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.85 

1.9 

1.85 

2.35 

1.9 

1.85 

1.8 

1.8 

1.9 

2.0 

1.95 

1.9 

1.85 

2.5 

2.1 

1.9 


1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.85 
1.85 

1.8 

1.9 

2.0 

1.95 

1.9 

2.2 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
2.05 
1.9 
2.25 

1.7 
2.1 

2.05 
2.05 
2.0 

2.2 
2.0 
2.2 
2.0 
3.6 


2.05 
2.0 
1.95 
1.95 
1.9 

1.9 
2.15 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.85 
1.85 
1.85 
1.85 

1.85 
1.85 
1.85 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 


1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.9 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.9 

2.2 
1.95 

1.8 
2.2 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 

2.15 
2.1 

2.05 
1.95 
1.9 

1.8 
1.8 
2.2 
2.0 
1.85 


1.85 


9 




1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.85 
1.85 

1.8 

1.8 

1.8 

1.85 

1.85 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 

1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
1.8 
9 


1.85 


3 


1.85 


4 


1.85 




1.85 


6 


2.0 


7 


1.85 


S . . 


2.1 


9 


1.9 


10 


1.85 


11 


1.85 


12 


1.85 


13 


1.85 


14 


2.0 


15 


2.1 


10 


2.0 


17 


1.9 


18 


2.0 


19 


2.0 


20 


1.9 


21 


1.9 


22 


1.85 


23 


1.85 


24 


2.0 


25 


1.85 


26 


1.85 


27 


1.85 


2S 


1.85 


29 


1.85 


30 


1.85 


31 


1.85 















ISLAND OF MAUI. 305 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Oanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 




11.... 


1910. 


3.5 
2.2 
2.2 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 


21.... 


1910. 


1.0 


2 




12 


22 


1.0 


3 




13 


23 


1 


4 




14 


24 


8.0 


5 




15 


25 


8 


6 




16 


26 


35 


7 


22 
6.5 
6.0 
3.5 


17 


27 


6 5 


8 


18..... 


28 


6 5 


9 


19 


29 


2 2 


10 , 


20 


30 


1 








31 


6 5 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jiine. 


•Tuly. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


9.5 
3.5 
5.0 

13 

11 

6.5 
6.5 
5.0 
5.0 
17 

9.5 

11 

13 
6.5 
6.5 

6.5 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
8.0 
6.5 

6.5 

11 

22 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 


6.5 
22 
15 
20 
11 

32 
11 
20 
25 
118 

11 
8.0 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 

6.5 
5.0 
5.0 
3.5 
3.5 

3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3:5 
11 
9.5 


6.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
5.0 
5.0 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
5.0 
5.0 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
6.5 


5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
8.0 
8.0 
6.6 
6.5 

20 
6.5 
32 
39 
39 

25 
9.5 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 


6.5 
6.5 
6.5 
5.0 
3.5 

6.6 
6.5 
6.6 

28 
25 

8.0 
6.5 
9.5 

15 

15 

15 
9.6 
9.5 
6.5 
6.5 

9.5 
9.6 
8.0 
8.0 
8.0 

8.0 
6.5 
5.0 
6.5 
5.0 
5.0 


5.0 
8.0 
9.5 

28 

11 

8.0 
11 

9.5 
20 
25 

9.5 
8.0 
11 
9.5 
6.5 

8.0 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 

6.5 
6.5 
6.6 
6.5 
6.5 

9.5 
8.0 
6.5 
6.6 
6.5 


9.6 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 

9.5 
6.5 
9.6 
9.5 
16 

11 

9.5 
6.5 
6.5 
9.5 

6.5 
6.5 
5.0 
5.0 
6.5 

5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
3.6 
3.5 

3.6 
3.5 
3.6 
3.6 
3.5 
3.6 


3.5 
3.5 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 

3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.6 

3.6 
3.5 
3.6 
3.5 
3.6 

5.0 
6.5 
5.0 
26 
6.5 

5.0 
3.5 
3.5 
6.5 
9.5 

8.0 
6.6 
5.0 

35 

13 
6.5 


6.5 
6.5 
6.5 
6.0 
5.0 

3.5 
6.5 
9.5 
8.0 
6.5 

17 
9.5 
6.5 
6.5 
6.5 

6.5 
6.5 

11 
6.5 

20 

1.0 
13 
11 
11 

9.5 

17 

9.5 
17 

9.5 
128 


11 
9.5 
8.0 
8.0 
6.5 

6.6 
15 
9.5 
6.6 
6.5 

6.5 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 

5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 


3.6 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.5 
6.5 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.6 
6.5 
17 
8.0 

3.5 
17 
9.5 
6.5 
6.5 

16 

13 

11 
8.0 
6.5 

3.5 
3.5 
17 
9.5 
5.0 


5.0 


2 


5.0 


3 


5.0 


4 


5.0 


5 


5.0 


6 


9.5 


7 


6.0 


s 


13 


9 


6.5 


10 


6.0 


11 


6.0 


12 


5.0 


13 


5.0 


14 


9.5 


15 


13 


16 


9.6 


17 


6.5 


18 


9.5 


19 


9.5 


20 


6.5 


21 


6.5 


22 


5.0 


23 


5.0 


24 


9.5 


25 


5.0 


26 


6.0 


27 


6.0 


28 


5.0 


29 


5.0 


30 


5.0 


31 


5.0 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 20 



306 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 
Monthly discharge of Oanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 191G-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Riw-ofE 
(total in. 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


35 


1.0 


5.14 


255 


22 


3.5 


7.71 


474 


118 


3.5 


13.7 


761 


6.5 


3.5 


3.89 


239 


39 


3.5 


9.33 


555 


28 


3.5 


9.05 


556 


28 


5.0 


9.44 


561 


15 


3.5 


6.48 


398 


35 


3.5 


6.53 


402 


128 


1.0 


12.9 


768 


15 


3.5 


5.61 


345 


17 


3.5 


7.05 


420 


13 


-5.0 


6.58 


405 


128 


1.0 


8.13 


5,880 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910, 
December 7-31 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



HOOLAWALIILII STREAM NEAR HTTELO, MATH. 

Hoolawa Stream, which drains the area just west of Huelo Stream 
and east of Honopou, is one of the important streams supplying the 
East Maui ditches. It has two principal branches, known as Hoola- 
waliilii and Hoolawanui (small Hoolawa and large Hoolawa). 

The gaging station was established on Hoolawaliilii Stream April 6, 
1911, at a point about 400 feet above the crossing of the new Hamakua 
ditch about 1 mile east of Lupi and 3 miles, by trail, southwest of 
Kailua (Huelo post office). 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot, is fastened to a rock wall 
on the right bank and is used to obtain gage heights. The channel 
has a rocky floor and is not subject to change. Only wading measure- 
ments have been made. 

The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the stream 
above the Hamakua ditches. 

Discharge measurements of Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 5 


G. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
16.2 


Sq.ft. 
12.7 


Feet. 
0.15 


Sec.-ft. 
3.63 







Note.— Additional measurements made early in 1912 have been used for obtaining a rating. Measure- 
ments made by wading near the gage. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



307 



Daily gage height, in feet, of Hoolawaliilii Stream near Euelo, Maui, for 1911. 

[Oniye, observer.] 



Day. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.24 
.24 
.22 
.20 
.20 

.23 
.22 
.19 
.54 
.58 

.34 
.31 
.32 
.36 
.44 

.43 

.41 
.36 
.24 
.24 

.36 
.28 
.23 
.22 
.22 

.22 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 
.20 


0.18 
.23 
.39 
.32 
.48 

.32 
.52 
.39 
.40 
.56 

.40 
.32 
.38 
.34 
.28 

.29 
.25 
.24 
.26 
.24 

.28 
.26 
.23 
.22 
.22 

.26 
.25 
.24 
.23 
.22 


0.22 

.22 
.22 
.24 
.21 

.26 
.26 
.27 
.28 
.26 

.34 
.30 
.27 
.26 
.27 

.28 
.24 
.22 
.20 
.22 

.22 
.19 
.19 
.18 
.16 

.15 
.14 
.14 
.14 
.14 
.14 


0.15 
.14 
.12 
.12 
.12 

.12 
.12 
.11 
.11 
.11 

.11 

.12 
.12 
.11 
.11 

.15 
.15 
.14 
.40 
.22 

.16 
.16 
.15 
.20 
.28 

..30 
.24 
.20 
.48 
.43 
.30 


0.26 
.27 
.23 

.20 
.18 

.17 
.20 
.29 
.26 
.22 

.40 
.30 
.24 
.22 
.21 

.20 
.20 
.34 
.28 
.42 

.32 
.46 
.60 
.54 
.38 

.43 
.40 
.60 
.41 
1.45 


0.58 
.44 
.36 
.33 
.30 

.25 
.43 
.37 
.29 
.26 

.22 
.21 
.20 
.19 
.18 

.17 
.18 
.16 
.14 
.14 

.14 
.13 
.13 
.12 
.12 

.13 
.12 
.12 
.12 
.11 
.11 


0.11 
.11 
.11 
.10 
.10 

. 11 

!n 

.20 
.12 
.12 

.11 
.11 

.15 
.24 
.22 

.21 
.36 
.28 
.25 
.22 

.35 
.36 
.35 
.32 
.28 

.24 
.22 
.38 
.31 
.26 


0.22 


2 




.20 


3 




.19 


4 




.20 


5 




.17 


6 


0.16 
.16 
.16 
.16 
.15 

.15 
.15 
.15 
.14 
.13 

.13 

.24 
.24 
.18 
.20 

.45 
.30 
.56 

.48 
.61 

.60 
.41 
.33 
.27 
.24 


.31 




.25 


8 


..34 


9 


.22 


10 


.22 


11 


.20 


12 


.19 


13 


.19 




.32 


15 


.34 


16 


.33 




.32 


18 


.30 


19 


.32 


20 


.25 


21 


.22 


22 


.22 


23 


.20 




.32 


25 ,. 

26 


.30 
.22 


27 


.21 


28 


.20 




.20 


30 


.20 




.18 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 



Day. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Aug. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



1 




2 




3 




4 




5 




6 


4.0 




4.0 


8 


4.0 


9 


4.0 


10 


3.8 


11 


3.8 


12 


3.8 


13 


3.8 


14 


3.5 


15 


3.2 


16 


3.2 


17 


6.0 


IS 


6 


19 


4.5 


20 


5.0 


21 


12 


22 


7 5 


23 


15 


24 


12 


25 


16 


26 


16 


27 


10 


28 


8.2 


29 


6.8 


30 


6.0 


31 





6.0 
6.0 
5.5 
5.0 
5.0 

5.8 
5.5 
4.8 

14 

15 

8.5 
7.8 
8.0 
9.0 
11 

11 

10 
9.0 
6.0 
6.0 

9.0 
7.0 
5.8 
5.5 
5.5 

5.5 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 



4.5 
5.8 
9.8 
8.0 
12 

8.0 
14 

9.8 
10 
15 

10 
8.0 

10 
8.5 
7.0 

7.2 
6.2 
6.0 
6.5 
6.0 

7.0 
6.5 
5.8 
5.5 
5.5 

6.5 
6.2 
6.0 
5.8 
5.5 



5.5 
5.5 
5.5 
6.0 
5.2 

6.6 
6.5 
6.8 
7.0 
6.5 

8.5 
7.5 
6.8 
"6.5 
6.8 

7.0 
6.0 
5.5 
5.0 
5.5 

5.5 
4.8 
4.8 
4.5 
4.0 

3.8 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 
3.5 



3.8 
3.5 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.8 
2.8 

2.8 
3.0 
3.0 
2.8 
2.8 

3.8 
3.8 
3.5 
10 
5.5 

4.0 
4.0 
3.8 
5.0 
7.0 

7.5 
6.0 
5.0 

12 

11 
7.5 



6.5 
6.8 
6.8 
5.0 
4.6 

4.2 
5.0 
7.2 
6.5 
5.5 

10 
7.5 
6.0 
5.5 
5.2 

5.0 
5.0 
8.5 
7.0 
11 

8.0 
12 
16 
14 

9.5 

11 
10 
16 
10 
42 



15 
11 
9.0 

8.2 
7.5 

6.2 
11 
9.2 
7.2 
6.5 

5.5 
6.2 
5.0 
4.8 
4.5 

4.2 
4.5 
4.0 
3.5 
3.5 

3.5 
3.2 
3.2 
3.0 
3.0 

3.2 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.8 



2.8 
2.8 
2.8 
2.5 
2.5 

2.8 
2.8 
5.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.8 
2.8 
3.8 
6.0 
5.5 

6.2 
9.0 
7.0 
6.2 
5.5 

8.8 
9.0 
•i.S 
8.0 
7.0 

6.0 
5.5 
9.5 
7.8 
6.6 



5.5 
5.0 
4.8 
5.0 
4.2 

7.8 
6.2 
8.5 
5.5 
5.5 

5.0 

4.8 
4.8 
8.0 
8.5 

8.2 
8.0 
7.5 
8.0 
6.2 

5.5 
5.5 
5.0 
8.0 
7.5 

5.5 
5.2 
5.0 
5.0 
5.0 
4.5 



Note,— Daily discharge computed from a rating eurve that is fairly weU defined below 12 second-feet. 



308 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Monthly discharge of Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1911. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofE 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


16 


3.2 


6.88 


341 


15 


4.8 


7.17 


441 


15 


4.5 


7.75 


461 


8.5 


3.5 


5.52 


339 


12 


2.8 


4.66 


287 


42 


4.2 


9.21 


548 


15 


2.8 


5.46 


336 


9.5 


2.5 


5.36 


319 


8.5 


4.2 


6.09 


374 


42 


2.5 


6.43 


3,450 



Accu- 
racy. 



April 6-30 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The period 



HOOLAWANUI STREAM NEAR HUELO, MAT7I. 

A gaging station was established on Hoolawanui Stream December 
12, 1910. The station is about 250 feet above the new Hamakua 
ditch crossing and is about one-fourth mile east of Lupi and 3^ 
miles, by trail, southwest of Kailua (Huelo post office). 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of a foot, is fastened to the left 
end of an old concrete weir which forms the control. No measure- 
ments were made at this station during 1910-11, but measurements 
made early in 1912 have been used for obtaining a rating. 

The records show the total flow of the stream above the Hamakua 
ditches. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Oniye, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 


1910. 




11 




21 


0.15 


2 ' 


12 


0.30 
.25 
.25 
.20 

.20 
.20 
.15 
.20 
.20 


22 


.20 


3 ::: ....:.... 


13 


23 


.15 


4 


14 


24 


.95 


5 . . 


15 


25 


.5 


6 


16 


26 


1.7 




17 


27 


6 


8 [ 


18 


28 


.4 


9 


19 


29 


.3 


10 :::: ::l.. .._ 


20 


30 


.3 








31 


.45 













Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


0.45 


0.3 


0.35 


0.2 


0.25 


0.2 


0.3 


0.15 


0.3 


0.75 


0.1 


.3 


1.0 


.25 


.2 


.3 


.25 


.3 


.15 


.3 


.5 




.25 


.7 


.25 


.2 


.25 


.4 


.25 




.25 


.45 




.55 


.65 


.2 


.15 


.2 


.35 


.3 




.25 


.45 




.55 


.55 


•2 


.15 


.2 


.6 


.25 




.2 


.4 




.35 


1.3 


.2 


.15 


.3 


.4 


.35 




.2 


.3 




.3 


.7 


.2 


.15 


.25 


.8 


.3 




.2 


.55 




.3 


1.0 


.15 


.15 


.25 


.6 


.3 




.3 


.45 


.25 


.3 


1.75 


.15 


.15 


.7 


.6 


.35 




.25 


.35 




.7 


3.0 


.2 


.1 


.8 


.8 


.3 




.25 


.3 




.4 


1.1 


.15 


.1 


.45 


.55 


.4 




.5 


.3 




.4 


.6 


.15 


.1 


.35 


.4 


.4 




.4 


.3 




.55 


.55 


.15 


.1 


.35 


.5 


.3 




.3 


.25 


.15 


.4 


.45 


.15 


.1 


.45 


.45 


.3 




.25 


.2 


.35 


.3 


.3 


.25 


.1 


.75 


.35 


.3 




.25 


.2 


.3 



Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14. 

15 



0.3 
.25 
.25 
.25 
.2 

.4 

.3 

.5 

.25 

.25 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.4 
.4 



ISLAOT) OF MAUI. 



809 



Daily gage height, in 


feet, C 


/ Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 191C 


-11— 


Con. 


Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


16 


0.4 
.3 
.25 
.2 
.2 

.2 
.2 
.15 
.3 

.25 

.2 
.2 
.65 
.35 
.25 
.35 


0.3 

.25 
.25 
.25 
.25 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.15 

.15 

.5 

.6 


0.2 

.2 
.15 
.25 
.2 

.15 
.15 
.15 
.15 
.15 

.15 
.15 
.1 
.1 
.2 
.2 


0.1 
.3 
.3 

.2 
.25 

.6 
.4 
.9 
.75 
1.0 

.7 
.5 
.4 
.3 
.3 


0.65 
.45 
.4 
.3 
.3 

.4 

.35 

.35 

.3 

.25 

.25 
.25 
.25 
.35 
.25 
.2 


0.35 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.3 
.3 
.3 

.25 
.25 

.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.25 


0.3 
.3 
.25 
.2 
.25 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.2 

.15 

.15 

.15 

.15 

.15 


0.2 
.15 
.1 

.6 
.25 

.15 
.15 
.15 
.25 
.3 

.35 

.25 

.2 

.6 

.45 

.3 


0.25 
.3 
.6 
.3 

.65 

.4 

.6 

.55 

.75 

.4 

.5 
.45 
.7 
.5 
1.9 


0.2 
.2 
.2 
.15 
.15 

.15 
.15 
.15 
.15 
.1 

.15 

.1 

.1 

.1 

.1 

.1 


0.25 
.55 
.35 
.25 
.25 

.5 

.65 

.55 

.4 

.35 

.35 

.25 

.5 

.4 

.3 


0.45 


17 


.5 


18 


.5 


19 


.5 


20 


.35 


21 


.3 


22 


.3 


23 


.25 


24 


.45 


25... 


.35 


26 


.25 




.2 


28 


.2 


29 


.2 


30 


.2 




.2 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


5 


2 




12 


12 
10 
10 

7 

7 
7 
5 

7 
7 


22 


7 


3 




13 


23 


5 


4 




14 


24 


82 


5 




15 


25 


26 


6 




16 


26 


217 


7 




17 


27 


36 


8 




18 


28 


18 


9 




19 


29 


12 


10 




20 


30 


12 








31 


22 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


22 
12 
10 
31 
31 

15 
12 
12 
12 

48 

18 
18 
31 
18 
12 

18 
12 
10 

7 
7 

7 
7 
5 
12 
10 

7 
7 
42 
15 
10 
15 


12 
90 
48 
42 
31 

141 

48 
90 
226 

476 

106 
36 
31 
22 
12 

12 
10 
10 
10 
10 

7 
7 
7 
7 
5 

5 
26 
36 


15 
10 
10 

7 
7 

7 
7 
5 
5 

7 

5 
5 

5 
5 
10 

7 
7 
5 
10 

7 

5 
5 
5 
5 
5 

5 
5 
3 
3 
7 
7 


7 
7 
7 
5 
5 

5 
5 
5 
5 
3 

3 
3 
3 
3 
3 

3 

12 
12 

7 
10 

36 
18 
75 
54 
90 

48 
26 
18 
12 
12 


10 
12 
10 

7 
7 

12 
10 
10 
48 
61 

22 
15 
15 
22 
54 

42 
22 
18 
12 
12 

18 
15 
15 
12 
10 

10 
10 
10 
15 
10 
7 


7 
10 
18 
15 
36 

18 
31 
36 
36 
51 

31 
18 
26 
22 
15 

15 
12 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
12 
10 
10 

12 
12 
12 
12 
10 


12 
12 
10 
12 
10 

15 
12 
12 
15 
12 

18 
18 
12 
12 
12 

12 
12 
10 

7 
10 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 

7 
5 
5 
5 
5 
5 


5 
5 
3 
3 
3 

3 
3 
3 
3 
3 

3 
3 
3 
3 
3 

7 
5 
3 

36 
10 

5 

5 
5 
10 
12 

15 
10 
7 
36 
22 
12 


12 
12 
10 
10 

7 

7 
7 

12 
10 
10 

26 
18 
12 
10 
10 

10 
12 
36 
12 
42 

18 
36 
31 
54 
18 

26 
22 
48 
26 
256 


54 
26 
22 
22 
18 

12 
31 
22 
15 
12 

12 
12 
10 

7 
7 

7 
7 
7 
5 
5 

5 
5 
5 
5 
3 

5 
3 
3 
3 
3 
3 


3 
3 
3 
3 
3 

3 
3 
10 
3 
3 

3 
3 

5 
15 
12 

10 
31 
15 
10 
10 

26 
42 
31 
18 
15 

15 
10 
26 
18 
12 


12 


2 


10 


3 


10 


4 


10 


5 


7 


6 


18 


7 


12 


8 


26 


9 


10 


10 


10 


11 


7 


12 


7 


13 


7 


14 


18 


15 


18 


16 


22 


17 


26 


18 


26 


19 


26 


20 


15 


21 


12 


22 


12 


23 


10 


24 


22 


25 


15 


26 


10 


27 


7 


28 


7 


29 


7 


30 


7 


31 


7 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 40 second-feet. 



310 WATEE RESOUBCES OP HAW AH. 

Monthly discharge of Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofE 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


217 


5 


25.7 


1,020 


48 


5 


15.9 


978 


476 


5 


55.8 


3,100 


15 


3 


6.48 


398 


90 


3 


16.7 


994 


61 


7 


17.8 


1,090 


61 


7 


19.6 


1,170 


18 


5 


10.1 


621 


36 


3 


8.03 


494 


256 


7 


27.3 


1,620 


54 


3 


11.5 


707 


42 


3 


12.1 


720 


26 


7 


13.3 


818 


476 


3 


17.6 


12, 700 



Accu- 
racy. 



1910, 
December 12-31 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



HONOPOTT STREAM NEAR HTTELO, MAUI. 

Honopou Stream is just west of Halawa Stream in the East Maui 
ditch country. The water of this stream is intercepted by the old 
and new Hamakua ditches, which take the entire flow at low and 
medium stages; at liigher stages water passes down to the Lowrie 
and Haiku ditches below. 

A gaging station was established on this stream December 10, 1910, 
at a point about 250 feet above the new Hamakua ditch crossing, 
about three-fourths of a mile west of Lupi and 4 miles southwest 
of Kailua (Huelo post office). 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of a foot, is fastened to the upstream 
side of an old concrete weir and is used to obtain gage heights. 

No measurements were made at this station during 1910-11, but 
measurements made early in 1912 have been used for obtaining 
a rating. 

The discharge gives the total flow of the stream above the new 
Hamakua ditch. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Honopou Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 

[Oniye, observer] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1.... 


1910. 




11 


1910. 




21.... 


1910. 


0.2 


2 




12 . . 


0.4 
.4 
.35 
.3 

.3 

.25 

.25 

.25 

.2 


22 


.2 


3 




13 


23 


.2 


4 




14 


24 


1.3 


5 




15 


25 


.5 


6 




16 


26 


1.9 


7 




17 


27 


.6 


8 




18 


28 


.5 


9 




19 


29 


.4 


10 , 




20 


30 


.35 










31 


.55 









ISLAND OF MAUI. 311 

Daily gage height, in second-feet, of Honopou Stream, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Con. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


0.55 


0.4 


0.45 


0.2 


0.35 


0.2 


0.35 


0.15 


0.3 


0.75 


0.1 


.35 


.8 


.3 


.2 


.35 


.35 


.25 


.15 


.3 


.6 




.35 


.7 


.3 


.2 


.3 


.6 


.3 




.25 


.55 




.4 


.65 


.25 


.2 


.25 


.45 


.3 




.25 


.55 




.4 


.5 


.2 


.15 


25 


.6 


.3 




.2 


.5 




.36 


1.3 


.2 


.15 


.3 


.45 


.3 




.2 


.4 




.3 


.8 


.2 


.15 


.25 


.7 


.3 




.25 


.55 




.3 


.9 


.2 


.15 


.25 


.5 


.35 




.4 


.5 




.3 


1.0 


.2 


.15 


.7 


.55 


.4 




.3 


.4 




.55 


2.3 


.2 


.15 


.8 


.85 


.3 




.25 


.35 




.4 


1.35 


.15 


.15 


.5 


.6 


.4 




.5 


.35 




.4 


.7 


.15 


.1 


.45 


.55 


.4 




.4 


.3 




.4 


.55 


.15 


.1 


.4 


.5 


.3 




.3 


.3 


.15 


.35 


.45 


.15 


.1 


.5 


.5 


.3 




.25 


.3 


.55 


.3 


.45 


.25 


.1 


.7 


.4 


.4 




.3 


.25 


.25 


.4 


.4 


.2 


.1 


.6 


.45 


.4 


.15 


.3 


.25 


.2 


.35 


.35 


.2 


.3 


.6 


.35 


.3 




.3 


.25 


.55 


.3 


.3 


.2 


.3 


.45 


.35 


.3 




.4 


.2 


.4 


.3 


.25 


.35 


.2 


.4 


.35 


.25 


.5 


.3 


.2 


.3 


.25 


.3 


.25 


.25 


.4 


.3 


.25 


.25 


.6 


.2 


.25 


.2 


.25 


.2 


.5 


.5 


.3 


.25 


.2 


.4 


.2 


.45 


.2 


.2 


.2 


.35 


.35 


.35 


.2 


.1 


.55 


.15 


.5 


.2 


.2 


.2 


1.0 


.3 


.25 


.2 


.1 


.55 


.15 


.5 


.45 


.2 


.15 


.6 


.3 


.25 


.2 


.25 


.7 


.15 


.4 


.25 


.2 


.15 


.9 


.3 


.25 


.2 


.4 


.4 


.15 


.35 


.2 


.2 


.15 


.7 


.3 


.3 


.2 


.3 


.55 


.15 


.3 


.2 


.55 


.15 


.6 


.25 


.3 


.15 


.25 


.7 


.15 


.25 


.6 


.65 


.15 


.5 


.25 


.3 


.15 


.2 


.75 


.15 


.5 


.4 




.15 


.4 


.3 


.25 


.15 


.55 


.5 


.1 


.35 


.3 




.2 


.4 


.25 


.25 


.15 


.5 


2.2 


.1 


.3 


.4 




.2 




.25 




.15 


.35 




.1 





Dec. 



1911 

1 

2 

3 

4 

6 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

16 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



0.3 
.3 
.3 
.25 
.25 

.4 
.3 
.5 

.25 
.25 

.25 

.2 

.2 

.4 

.5 

.45 
.45 
.45 
.45 
.35 

.3 
.3 
.3 
.5 
.35 

.25 

.25 

.25 

.25 

.2 

.2 



Daily discharge, in 


second-feet, 


of Honopou Stream near 


Huelo, 


Maui, for 1910-11. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




11. 
12. 
13. 

14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 


1910. 




21 


1910. 


3.0 


2 






8.0 
8.0 
6.6 
5.2 

5.2 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 
3.0 


22 


3.0 


3 






23 


3.0 


4 






24 


53 


5 






25 


11 


6 






26 


94 


7 






27 


15 


8 




28 


11 


9 




29 


8.0 


10 






30 


6.6 








31 


13 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


13 
6.6 
6.6 
8.0 
8.0 

6.6 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
13 

8.0 
8.0 
8.0 
6.6 
5.2 


8.0 
24 
19 
17 
11 

53 
24 
29 
35 
131 

56 

19 

13 
9.5 
9.5 


9.5 
5.2 
5.2 
4.1 
3.0 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
4.1 


3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


6.6 
6.6 
5.2 
4.1 
4.1 

5.2 
4.1 
4.1 

19 

24 

11 
9.5 
8.0 

11 

19 


3.0 
6.6 

11 
9.5 

15 

9.5 
19 
11 
13 
26 

15 
13 
11 
11 
8.0 


6.6 
4.1 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 

5.2 
5.2 
6.6 
8.0 
5.2 

8.0 
8.0 
5.2 
5.2 
8.0 


2.2 
2.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


5.2 
5.2 
4.1 
4.1 
3.0 

3.0 

4.1 
8.0 
5.2 
4.1 

11 
8.0 
5.2 
4.1 
5.2 


22 
15 
13 
13 
11 

8.0 
13 

11 
8.0 
6.6 

6.6 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
4.1 


1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 

1.3 
1.3 
2.2 
13 
4.1 


5.2 


2 


5.2 


3 


5.2 


4 


4.1 


5 


4.1 




8.0 


7 


5.2 


8 


11 


9 


4.1 


10 


4.1 


11 


4.1 


12 


3.0 


13 


3.0 


14 


8.0 


15 


H 



312 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honopou Stream, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — 

Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1911. 
IG 


8.0 
6.6 
5.2 
5.2 
4.1 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
9.5 
4.1 

3.0 
3.0 
15 
8.0 
5.2 
8.0 


8.0 
6.6 
5.2 
4.1 
5.2 

4.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
13 

17 


3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
6.6 
4.1 

3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
3.0 
3.0 


1.3 
5.2 
5.2 
3.0 
4.1 

11 
6.6 
35 
15 
29 

19 

15 

11 
8.0 
8.0 


15 

11 
9.5 
8.0 
8.0 

11 
6.6 
5.2 
5.2 
5.2 

5.2 
4.1 
4.1 
5.2 
4.1 
4.1 


9.5 
6.6 
6.6 
6.6 
5.2 

5.2 
6.6 
4.1 
4.1 
4.1 

5.2 
5.2 
5.2 
4.1 
4.1 


8.0 
5.2 
5.2 
4.1 
4.1 

4.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 


2.2 
1.3 
1.3 
11 
4.1 

3.0 
1.3 
1.3 
4.1 
8.0 

5.2 
4.1 
3.0 

13 

11 
6.6 


5.2 
5.2 
8.0 
5.2 
15 

8.0 
13 
13 
19 

8.0 

13 
19 
22 
11 
120 


4.1 
4.1 
3.0 
3.0 
3.0 

3.0 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
2.2 

2.2 
2.2 
2.2 
1.3 
1.3 
1.3 


3.0 
13 

8.0 
5.2 
4.1 

9.5 

11 

11 
8.0 
6.6 

5.2 
4.1 
11 
6.6 
5.2 


9.5 


17 


9.5 


IS 


9.5 


19..;:...:;:;.... 


9.5 


20 


6.6 


21 


5.2 


22 


5.2 


23 


5.2 


24 


11 


25 


6.6 


26 


4.1 


27 


4.1 


28 

29 


4.1 
4.1 


30 


3.0 


31 


3.0 







Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is fairly well defined below 15 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Honopou Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



1910 
December 12-31 

1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-oflE 
(total in 








Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


acre-feet). 


94 


3.0 


13.4 


532 


15 


3.0 


6.68 


411 


131 


3.0 


19.2 


1,070 


9.5 


2.2 


3.32 


204 


35 


1.3 


6.97 


415 


24 


4.1 


8.16 


502 


26 


3.0 


8.80 


524 


8.0 


2.2 


4.76 


293 


13 


1.3 


3.28 


202 


120 


3.0 


12.1 


720 


22 


1.3 


6.01 


370 


13 


1.3 


4.88 


290 


11 


3.0 


5.98 


368 


131 


1.3 


7.41 


5,370 



Accu- 
racy. 



HALEHAKIT STREAM NEAK HUELO, MATTI. 

Halehaku is one of the large gulches on the northern slope of Halea- 
kala crossed by the East Maui ditches. As is often the case in Hawaii, 
this gulch has various names in different places, and at the crossing 
of the Government road about 2 miles from the sea it is known as 
Kakipi. The principal tributary of Halehaku Stream is Opana 
Stream, which joins it from the west below the old and new Hamakua 
ditches and above the Lowrie ditch. 

The gaging station on this stream was estabHshed December 13, 
1910, for the purpose of determining the amount of flood water not 
diverted by the new Hamakua ditch. It is about 3^ miles west of 
Lupi and about 7 miles, by trail, west of Kailua (Huelo post office), 
at the dam formed by the crossing of the new Hamakua ditch. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



313 



A staff gage, graduated in tenths of a foot, is fastened to the left side 
wall of the dam. Readings of this gage give the depth of water pas- 
sing over the crest of the dam, which is used as a broad crested weir 
for obtaining discharge measurements. No current-meter measure- 
ments were made at this station during 1910-11. 

The ordinary flow of the stream is taken into the new Hamakua 
ditch over a weir at the east end of the dam. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Halehaku Stream at dam near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 


0.0 


2 




12 




22 . 





3 




13 


0.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 


23 


.0 


4 




]4 


24 


1.9 


5 




15 


25 


.0 


6 




16 


26 


74 


7 




17 


27 .. 


1 3 


8 




18 


28 


.0 


9 




19 


29. 


.0 


10 




20 


30 


.0 








31 


.0 









Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


0.0 


7.6 


0.0 


.0 


8.4 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.0 


.0 


.0 


5.4 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.2 


3.4 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


3.4 


1.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


4.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


4.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.9 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.3 


.0 


.0 


17 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


20 


.0 


.0 


.3 


1.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


4.0 


214 


.0 


.0 


6.5 


7.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


3.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.6 


.0 


.0 


.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


9.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


3.4 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.0 


.0 


.0 


1.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


2.2 


.0 


.0- 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.8 


.0 


. .0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


6.9 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.4 


.0 


.0 


.0 


8.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


14 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


8.4 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.6 


1.1 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


2.2 


.0 




.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.3 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 




.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


11 


.0 


.0 


.0 




.0 




.0 




.0 


.0 




.0 






Dec. 



1911. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



0.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
1.3 

.3 
.0 
.0 
.2 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 

.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 
.0 



Note . — Daily discharge computed from formula for a broad-crested weir, using a coefficient of 3.2. This 
coefficient was determined from current-meter ratings of a broad-crested weir of similar section. 



314 WATEE KESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Monthly discharge of Halehahu Stream at dam near Buelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



December 13-31 

January. 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year. 



74 



4 
214 
.0 
14 
G.5 
7.3 
.0 
1.3 
11 
7.6 
2.2 
1.3 



.0 


.30 


18.4 


.0 


10.6 


589 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


1.32 


78.6 


.0 


.34 


20.9 


.0 


.43 


25.6 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.0 


.04 


2.5 


.0 


.44 


26.2 


.0 


.29 


17.8 


.0 


.13 


7.7 


.0 


.06 


3.7 



214 



1.09 



790 



HALEHAKU STREAM WEIR AT NEW HAMAKUA DITCH, NEAR HUELO, MAT7I. 

The total flow of Halehaku Stream at low and medium stages is 
diverted into the new Hamakua ditch. The water passes over a 
6-foot Cippoletti weir and drops into the ditch below the measuring 
weir on the ditch. 

The Maui Agricultural Co. keeps a record on this weir, and has 
kindly furnished the data for 1910-11. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Halehaku Stream tveir at New Hamahua ditch, near 
Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


6.7 
6.2 
5.7 
9.0 
19 

18 
14 
11 
9.3 

8.8 

9.3 

16 
20 
20 
19 

18 
17 
19 
20 

18 

18 
20 
20 
19 
17 

16 
16 
13 
13 
17 
20 


20 
20 
19 
18 
16 

13 

11 

10 
9.3 
8.2 

7.9 
12 
15 
10 

9.0 

7.8 
7.4 
7.4 
6.7 
5.7 

8.5 
19 
15 
12 

9.8 

8.4 
7.4 
6.9 


5.9 
6.4 

14 

20 

18 

13 

12 
9.6 
8.2 
7.4 

7.0 
6.7 
6.1 
5.9 
5.3 

4.8 
4.5 
4.5 
6.8 
14 

16 
17 
20 
20 
20 

20 
20 
19 
16 
13 
18 


20 
20 
20 
20 
20 

19 
17 
20 
20 
16 

15 

12 

11 
9.8 
9.4 

8.5 
15 
17 
13 
11 

9.9 
9.2 
9.2 

8.7 
14 

20 

14 

11 
9.6 
8.7 


9.4 
19 
14 
20 
18 

18 
20 
19 
17 
16 

15 
13 
11 
10 
12 

15 

11 

10 
9.9 
8.8 

7.9 
7.3 
7.7 
7.3 
6.3 

5.6 
5.3 
5.0 
4.6 
5.4 
19 


17 
20 
19 
15 
12 

11 

14 
14 
17 
17 

18 
19 
20 
20 
20 

20 
20 
17 
15 
16 

15 
13 
11 
10 
9.3 

8.5 
8.0 
7.3 
6.8 
6.5 


6.2 
6.1 
6.7 
16 
9.1 

8.4 
9.9 
7.3 
6.8 
■ 6.2 

6.5 
6.4 
5.3 

8.2 
19 

20 
18 
14 
11 
10 

9.0 
8.5 

7.7 

\\ 

6.2 
5.6 
5.4 
4.8 
4.3 
5.1 


4.6 
4.8 

16 

20 

15 

13 

10 
9.9 
9.0 
8.0 

7.4 
9.3 

15 

13 

11 

9.4 

8.2 
7.3 
7.1 
14 

20 
16 
12 
12 
15 

11 

11 

14 
9.9 
9.0 
8.0 


7.3 
6.3 
6.8 
6.2 
5.7 

5.1 
4.8 
4.5 
4.0 
3.9 

3.7 
3.3 
3.1 
2.9 

2.8 

2.6 
2.6 
2.5 
2.3 
2.2 

2.2 
2.0 
2.0 
2.2 
2.0 

1.9 
1.7 
1.4 
2.6 
1.3 


6.5 
13 
19 
12 

8.0 

7.3 
7.9 
7.1 
8.2 
16 

11 
8.5 
7.3 
6.5 

6.7 

6.3 
5.1 
4.6 
4.3 
4.6 

4.6 
7.0 
6.5 
4.3 
3.9 

3.6 
3.2 
3.6 
3.6 
2.9 
2.8 


2.8 
2.6 
2.5 
5.4 
2.8 

2.2 
2.2 
2.0 
1.9 
1.9 

1.9 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 
1.6 

1.6 
4.0 
5.4 
5.6 
3.4 

2.8 
2.2 
3.9 
12.0 
4.0 

2.9 

2.8 
11 
20 
18 


20 


2 


20 


3 


20 


4 


20 


5 


20 


6 


20 


7 


20 


8 


20 


9 


20 


10 


18 


11 


16 


12 


14 


13 


12 


14 


10 


15 


9.5 


16 


8.2 


17 


7.6 


18 


7.4 


19 


7.1 


20 


6.5 


21 


6.0 


22 


5.7 


23 


5.6 


24 


17 


25 


17 


26 


18 


27 


20 


28 


17 


29 


13 


30 


11 


31 


14 



ISLAND OF MAUI.* 



315 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Halehaku Stream weir at New Hamakua ditch, near 
Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11— Contmued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


12 
9.9 
10 
16 
19 

IS 
14 
10 
9.3 
19 

18 
16 
18 
15 
12 

11 
11 
9.1 

8.2 
7.3 

6.5 
6.2 
5.9 
8.0 
6.5 

5.7 
8.2 
18 
9.9 
7.9 
9.0 


13 
20 
20 
20 
20 

20 
20 
20 
20 
20 

20 
20 
20 
20 
17 

15 

13 

11 
9.9 
9.6 

8.7 
7.6 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

6.7 
16 
18 


15 

11 
8.8 
7.7 
7.1 

6.7 
6.0 
5.4 
5.0 
5.0 

4.6 
4.3 
4.3 

4.6 
7.6 

4.8 
4.3 
4.2 
9.1 
5.9 

5.0 
4.3 
3.9 
3.7 
3.4 

3.3 
3.3 
3.1 
3.9 
8.0 
8.2 


5.6 
5.1 
6.2 
5.0 
4.3 

4.2 
4.0 
3.7 
3.4 
3.1 

3.1 
2.8 
2.6 
2.5 
2.5 

3.6 
11 

7.6 
7.4 
9.9 

14 

15 

18 

20 

20 

20 
20 
17 
14 
13 


11 

10 
8.7 
7.9 
8.2 

7.6 
7.9 
7.9 

15 

20 

18 
16 
14 
20 
19 

20 
18 
16 
14 
13 

12 
12 
13 
10 
9.3 

8.8 
7.7 
7.4 
9.4 
8.2 
8.0 


6.3 
7.0 
8.0 

15 

19 

13 
18 
20 
20 
20 

20 
19 
18 
16 
13 

12 

12 

11 

11 
9.9 

11 
9.6 
8.0 
7.4 
7.3 

8.7 
9.1 
7.9 
7.3 
6.8 


8.5 
7.9 
7.7 
8.7 
9.1 

9.7 
9.3 
9.3 
9.6 
9.6 

11 
11 
9.8 

8.8 
9.0 

8.5 
7.1 
6.5 
6.2 
6.5 

5.6 
5.6 
5.1 
4.6 
4.3 

3.9 
3.6 
3.2 
3.1 
3.1 
2.8 


3.1 
3.1 
2.8 
2.5 
2.3 

2.2 
1.9 
1.9 
1.9 
1.6 

1.6 
2.0 
2.8 
1.6 
1.7 

3.6 
2.5 
2.3 
9.8 
5.1 

2.9 
2.5 
2.5 
5.1 
8.1 

6.8 
3.9 
3.7 

12 

16 
8.8 


6.8 
5.7 
5.4 
5.1 
4.3 

4.0 
5.3 
11 

7.8 
6.7 

17 

12 
8.7 
7.4 
7.3 

6.7 
8.5 

15 
9.9 

18 

14 
16 
15 
16 
12 

17 
17 
19 
18 
20 


20 
20 
18 
17 
15 

14 
20 
18 
15 
12 

11 
9.8 
8.8 
8.0 
7.6 

6.8 
7.0 
6.9 
5.3 
4.8 

4.5 
4.2 
3.9 
3.6 
3.2 

3.4 
3.1 
2.8 
2.8 
2.6 
2.5 


2.5 
2.3 
2.2 
1.9 
1.9 

2.3 
2.5 
3.4 
1.9 
1.7 

1.7 
1.9 
3.4 
7.3 
9.4 

4.3 
16 
9.3 
7.3 
8.5 

17 
23 
19 
16 
12 

9.8 
9.4 

19 

16 

12 


9.8 


2 ,--.- 

3 


8.4 
7.6 


4 


7.0 


5 


7.3 


6 


6.2 


7 


6.8 


8 


11 


9 


6.8 


10 


6.0 


11 


5.7 


12 


5.4 


13 


5.7 


14 


13 




21 


17 . 


20 

IS 




17 


19 


19 


21 


16 

14 




11 


23. 


10 


24 


13 




11 


26 

27 


7.7 
7.1 




6.8 


29 


6.2 


30 


5.6 


31 


5.3 







Note.— Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from weir records of dis- 
charge in million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Halehaku Stream weir at New Hamakua ditch, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge, in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911. 

January 

February 

March • 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
20 
7.3 
19 
20 
20 



20 



5.7 
5.7 
4.5 
8.5 
4.6 
6.5 
4.3 
4.6 
1.3 
2.8 
1.6 
5.6 



15.3 
11.4 
12.2 
14.3 
11.9 
14.5 
8.79 
11.3 
3.40 
6.93 
4.47 
14.2 



10.7 



5.7 


11.4 


6.7 


15.2 


3.1 


■ 5.85 


2.5 


8.95 


7.4 


12.2 


6.3 


12.4 


2.8 


7.05 


1.6 


4.15 


4.0 


11.2 


2.5 


9.05 


1.7 


8.16 


6.3 


10.2 



941 
633 

750 
851 
732 
863 
540 
695 
202 
426 
266 
873 



7,770 



360 
533 
750 
738 
433 
255 
666 
656 



1.6 



9.60 



6,950 



316 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



OPANA STREAM NEAR HTTELO, HATH. 

Opana Stream is tributary to Halehaku Stream from the west. Its 
water is intercepted by the Old and New Hamakua ditches. 

A gaging station was established on this stream December 13, 1910, 
at a point about 300 feet below the bridge on the trail crossing, about 
150 feet above the ditch siphon, and 7^ miles west of Kailua (Huelo 
post office). 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of a foot, is fastened in an inclined 
position on the right bank and is used to obtain low-water gage 
heights. High-water readings are taken on a vertical gage fastened 
to a rock on the left bank. 

This station gives flood data only, as the ordinary flow of the 
stream is diverted above by Opana ditch, which is a feeder to the New 
Hamakua ditch. No discharge measurements have been made. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Opana Stream near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 
[Hamamura, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 . 




1910. 
11 




1910. 
21 .. .... 


1.51 


2 




12 




22 


1.51 


3 




13 


1.59 
1.54 
1.52 

1.52 
1.50 
1.50 
1.52 
1.52 


23 

24 


1.51 


4 




14 


2.24 


5 




16 


25 


2.20 


6 




16 


26 


3.58 


7 




17 


27 


2.30 


8 




18 


28 


1.56 


9 




19 ..., 


29, 


1.53 


10 




20 


30 


1.52 








31 


1.62 









Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


1.54 
1.53 
1.53 
3.04 
3.26 

2.00 
1.54 
1.56 
1.54 
2.08 
1.60 
1.58 
1.62 
1.57 
1.56 

1.54 
1.54 
1.54 
1.52 
1.52 

1.51 
1.51 
1.51 
1.53 
1.52 

1.52 
1 52 
2.26 
1.59 
1.52 
1.52 


1.54 
3.41 
2.40 
2.06 
1.80 

2.55 
2.05 
4.62 
4.83 
6.75 

4.12 
2.06 
1.84 
1.61 
1.60 

1.58 
1.57 
1.56 
1.56 
1.55 
1.54 
1.52 
1.52 
1.52 
1.52 

1.51 
1.54 
1.54 


1.53 
1.52 
1.52 
1.51 
1.50 

1.51 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 

1.49 
1.49 
1.49 
1.50 
1.52 

1.51 
1.50 
1.49 
1.52 
1.52 

1.48 
1.47 
1.46 
1.44 
1.42 

1.42 
1.44 
1.43 
1.52 
1.54 
1.60 


1.55 
1.50 
1.59 
1.50 
1.45 

1.43 
1.43 
1.43 
1.42 
1.42 

1.42 

1.42 
1.42 
1.42 
1.42 

1.41 
1.57 
1.52 
1.48 
1.52 

1.50 
1.50 
2.14 
2.56 
2.67 

2.00 
1.70 
1.54 
1.46 
1.45 


1.44 
1.52 
1.50 
1.48 
1.46 

1.46 
1.47 
1.46 
2.94 
3.08 

1.95 
1.53 
1.52 
1.84 
2.23 

2.25 
1.71 
1.61 
1.56 
1.53 

1.52 
1.52 
1.51 
1.50 
1.49 

1.48 
1.47 
1.47 
1.50 
1.50 
1.48 


1.48 
1.50 
1.54 
1.64 
1.60 

1.56 
1.82 
2.31 
2.00 

2.78 

2.16 
1.58 
1.54 
1.55 
1.54 

1.51 
1.49 
1.48 
1.51 
1.50 

1.52 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.49 

1.52 
1.51 
1.50 
1.49 
1.48 


1.51 
1.49 
1.48 
1.48 
1.49 

1.52 
1.49 
1.50 
1.50 
1.52 

1.52 
1.53 
1.52 
1.50 
1.52 

1.50 
1.48 
1.48 
1.48 
1.47 

1.47 
1.47 
1.47 
1.46 
1.44 

1.42 
1.41 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40- 


1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 

1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 

1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.40 

1.42 
1.40 
1.40 
1.4S 
1.46 

1.40 
1.40 
1.39 
1.42 
1 48 

1.48 
1.41 
1.40 
1.54 
2.05 
1.53 


1.46 
1.42 
1.40 
1.39 
1.39 

1.39 
1.46 
1.58 
1.57 
1.50 

2.35 
1.58 
1.48 
1.44 
1.41 

1.44 
1.46 
1.66 
1.51 
2.00 

1.61 
1.94 
1.68 
1.76 
1 75 

1.6S 
1.55 
1.62 
1.75 
3.20 


2.82 
1.92 
1.66 
1.62 
1.58 

1.60 
1.70 
1.60 
1.60 
1.58 

1.54 
1.53 
1.53 
1.52 
1.51 

1.51 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 
1.50 

1.50 
1.49 
1.49 
1.49 
1.48 

1.48 
1.18 
1.47 
1.46 
1.46 
1.46 


1.46 
1.45 
1.45 
1.44 
1.44 

1.44 
1.45 
1.47 
1.44 
1.44 

1.44 
1.44 
1.45 
1.48 
1.56 

1.48 
2.12 
1.58 
1.52 
1.54 

2.06 
2.46 
2.45 
1.59 
1.?.4 

1.62 
1.50 
2.01 
1.62 
1..52 


1.50 


2 


1.48 


3 


1.48 


4 


1.49 


5 


1.49 


6 


1.49 


7 


1.50 


S 


1.52 


9 


1.49 


10 


1.49 


11 


1.48 


12 


1.48 


13 


1.48 


14 


1.80 


15 


2.52 


16 


2.24 


17. 


1.76 


18 


2.20 


19 


2.14 


20 


1.54 


21 


1.54 


22 


1 50 


23 


1.50 


24 


1.78 


25 


1.59 


26 


1.60 


27 


1.48 


28 


1.48 


29 


1 48 


30 


1.48 


31 


1.48 







ISLAND OF MAUI. 



317 



OPAKA DITCH NEAR HXJELO, MAXTI. 

The Opana ditch, is a feeder for the New Hainakua ditch. It di- 
verts water from Opana Stream several hundred feet above the 
bridge on the trail crossing, and at low and medium stages takes the 
entire flow of the stream. 

The water is measured by a 6-foot Cippoletti weir just before it 
drops into the New Hamakua ditch, and the records for 1910-11 
have been furnished to the Geological Survey by the Maui Agricul- 
tural Co. 

This ditch and weir station are on the east side of Opana gulch. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Opana ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


3.7 
2.5 
1.3 
4.5 
21 

23 
14 

8.2 
5.7 
4.0 

4.3 
7.4 

24 

23 

23 

22 
22 
26 
24 
20 

18 
24 
22 
16 
11 

7.9 
10 
13 

8.2 
14 
21 

3.2 
2.3 
3.7 

18 

18 

15 

13 
7.9 
7.1 

18 

12 

10 

12 
8.0 
6.2 

5.0 
4.5 
3.9 
2.5 
2.0 


18 
20 
17 
12 
9.5 

7.3 
4.8 
3.4 
2.8 
2.5 

2.3 
12 
' 16 
6.5 
3.4 

2.3 
2.2 
2.2 
1.9 
1.7 

3.6 

24 

14 
6.5 
2.9 

2.0 
1.7 
1.5 

4.0 
19 
18 
17 
14 

19 
20 
28 

28 
30 

26 
20 
18 
16 
12 

9.1 
6.8 
5.4 
4.3 
3.4 


1.4 
1.7 
8.8 

18 

14 

9.1 

5.6 
2.8 
2.0 
1.9 

1.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 
1.2 

.8 
.8 
.6 
1.9 
1.0 

19 
17 
19 
22 
18 

18 

15 

11 
8.1 
5.4 

14 

4.8 
3.9 
3.2 
2.8 
2.3 

2.2 
2.0 
1.9 
1.6 
1.6 

1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 
2.3 

1.7 
1.4 
1.2 

6.7 
3.6 


29 
26 
24 
20 
16 

13 
11 

17 
15 
11 

7.3 
5.3 
3.9 
3.0 
2.6 

2.2 
4.5 

14 

10 
6.2 

6.5 
3.2 
2.6 
2.5 
9.6 

18 
9.3 
4.3 
2.6 
1.9 

7.6 
7.4 
8.5 
3.4 
1.9 

1.0 

.8 
.8 
.6 
.6 

.4 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.6 
S.0 
2.6 
2.0 
2.6 


2.5 
18 
11 
23 
19 

12 

29 
22 
18 
15 

11 
8.0 
5.6 
4.0 
3.2 

5.3 
5.0 
2.9 
2.5 
2.0 

1.7 
1.6 
1.9 
1.7 
1.4 

1.4 
1.4 
1.1 
1.1 

2.8 
29 

3.1 
4.2 
2.8 
2.2 
2.0 

1.9 
1.6 
2.0 

18 

25 

14 
5.7 
5.9 

20 

IS 

19 

12 
8.4 
4.8 
3.0 


22 

27 

17 
8.0 
4.2 

2.6 
5.6 
4.6 
5.7 
8.2 

6.0 
9.4 
12 

8.2 
20 

14 
7.4 
8.5 
5.7 
5.4 

4.8 
3.7 
3.1 
3.1 
2.9 

2.5 
2.3 
2.0 
1.9 
1.7 

1.9 
2.0 
2.3 
9.1 
11 

6.2 
14 
20 
19 
21 

10 
8.7 
7.4 
7.7 
6.6 

4.6 
3.4 
3.1 
3.2 
2.8 


1.7 
1.7 
1.9 
3.1 
3.1 

2.2 
3.2 
1.9 
1.9 
1.7 

1.7 
1.6 
1.4 
2.9 
23 

18 

12 
4.8 
2.9 
2.5 

2.2 
2.0 
1.9 
1.7 
1.7 

1.7- 
1.6 
1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 

3.2 
2.2 
1.9 
2.2 
2.5 

3.7 
2.2 
2.6 
2.9 
3.1 

4.0 
3.2 
2.6 
2.0 
2.3 

2.2 
1.6 
1.2 
1.1 
1.0 


1.1 
1.2 

14 

28 

15 

8.8 
4.6 
2.2 
1.9 
1.9 

1.6 
2.2 
7.4 
4.2 
3.1 

1.9 
1.6 
1.4 
1.2 
5.0 

20 
9.7 
3.6 
3.4 
9.0 

3.2 
2.3 
2.3 
1.7 
1.9 
1.6 

0.4 
.3 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.0 
.0 
.3 
.2 
.0 

.8 

.4 

.3 

1.6 

1.7 


1.4 
1.2 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 

.8 
.6 
.6 
.5 

.5 
.3 
.3 

.2 
.2 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.2 
.2 
1.6 
1.9 
16 

0.7 
.4 
.3 
.3 
.3 

.3 

1.0 
4.6 
4.8 
3.6 

19 

8.1 

1.7 

1.0 

.6 

1.1 
2.0 

8.7 
3.2 
18 


2.8 
9.9 
18 
5.6 
2.6 

2.2 
1.9 
1.9 
3.2 
17 

4.3 
1.9 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 

1.1 
1.0 

.8 
.8 
.6 

1.0 
1.0 

.8 
.8 
.6 

.6 
.6 
.5 
.6 
.5 
.3 

25 
14 
10 
9.1 

8.8 

6.8 
16 
13 

5.9 

4.8 

3.2 

2.6 
2.3 
2.2 
2.0 

1.7 
1.6 
1.6 
1.4 
1.2 


0.2 
.2 
.2 
.6 
.5 

.3 
.2 
."2 
.2 
.2 

.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 
.2 

.2 
1.6 
2.2 
2.2 
1.0 

.3 

.2 

1.1 

6.0 

1.1 

.6 

.3 

5.6 

29 

14 

0.2 
1.7 
.4 
.2 
.2 

.4 
.4 
.5 
.3 
.3 

.2 
.2 
.3 
1.7 
9.4 

2.0 
16 
5.1 
2.3 
3.6 


26 


2 


30 


3 


24 


4 


24 


6 


31 


6 


31 


7 


31 


8 


29 


9 


22 


10 


16 


11 


12 


12 


9.0 


13 


6.7 


14 


5.4 


15 


4.2 


16 


3.4 


17 


3.4 


18 


3.1 


19 


2.5 


20 


2.0 


21 


1.9 


22 


1.7 


23 


1.7 


24 


2.6 


25 


19 


26 


15 


27 


21 


28 


9.3 


29 


4.8 


30 


3.6 


31 


4.5 


1911. 


2.1 


2 


1.9 




1.5 


4 


1.7 




1.8 




1.5 


7 


1.9 


8 


5.0 


9 


2.2 


10 


1.5 




1.0 


12 


1.0 




1.2 


14 


10 


15 


16 




21 


17 


15 


18 


20 


19 


22 


20 


14 



818 WATEK EESOUECES OF HAWAH. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Opana ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 


2.0 
1.9 
1.9 
4.2 
2.2 

1.9 
3.9 
20 
7.6 
2.5 
2.3 


3.0 
2.8 
2.6 
2.5 
2.3 

2.8 
10 
9.3 


1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
.8 

.8 
.8 
1.2 
4.2 
5.6 
14 


9.1 
12 
21 
24 
25 

20 

15 
8.8 
7.1 
4.5 


2.6 
3.0 
3.0 
2.3 
2.0 

2.2 
1.9 
1.7 
2.2 
2.2 
1.9 


3.2 
2.3 
2.2 
1.9 
1.9 

3.1 
3.2 

2.8 
1.9 
1.6 


1.0 

1.0 

1.0 

.8 

.8 

.8 
.8 
.8 
.6 
.6 
.3 


0.4 

.3 

.3 

1.1 

3.1 

2.9 
.8 
.4 

7.7 
18 

4.0 


12 
16 
10 
16 
12 

7.3 
9.4 

11 

13 

24 


1.1 

1.0 

1.0 

.8 

.8 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.5 
.4 
.3 


18 

22 

19 
9.6 
3.7 

2.3 
3.1 

18 

13 
4.6 


7.9 


22 


5.6 


23 


3.8 


24 


11 


25 


5.1 


26 


2.2 


27 


1.9 


28 


1.8 


29 


1.6 


30 


1.5 


31 ■ 


1.4 







Note. — Daily discharge in second-fact computed by the Geological Survey from weir records of dis- 
charge in million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Opana ditch near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

IDU. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



20 
30 
14 
25 
25 
21 
4.0 
18 
24 
25 
22 



30 



1.3 

1.5 

.6 

1.9 

1.1 

1.7 

1.1 

1.1 

.2 

.3 

.2 

1.7 



1.9 

2.3 

.8 

.3 

1.6 

1.6 

.3 

.0 

.3 

.3 

.2 

1.0 



14.5 
7.29 
8.13 

10.0 
8.52 
7.65 
3.57 
5.39 
1.09 
2.78 
2.31 
1.34 



7.01 



7.18 
12.6 
2.57 
6.45 
6.41 
6.47 
1.81 
1.51 
7.01 
4.55 
5.29 
6.00 



5.59 



892 
405 
500 
595 
524 
455 
220 
331 
64.9 
171 
137 
824 



5,120 



441 

700 
158 
384 
394 
485 
111 
92. 
417 
280 
315 
369 



4,150 



NEW HAMAKTTA DITCH AT NAILIILIHAELE WEIR, NEAR HUELO, MATJI. 

New Hamakua ditch heads at the Alo division weir and receives 
two-thirds of the water dehvered by the Koolau ditch at that point. 
It runs through an almost continuous tunnel from the division weir 
to Nailiilihaele Stream without intercepting any water on the way. 

The Maui Agricultural Co. maintains a 17-foot Cippoletti weir just 
above where the ditch crosses Nailiihhaele Stream. This weir shows 
the total flow of the ditch before water is taken in from Nailiihhaele 
Stream just below. A clock register is used to record the head on 
the weir. The records for 1910-11 have been furnished to the Geo- 
logical Survey by the Maui Agricultural Co. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



319 



Discharge measurements of New Hamahua ditch at Nailiilihaele weir, near Huelo, Maui, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 7 

7 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
7.4 
7.2 
7.4 
9.0 


Sq.ft. 
18.4 
15.3 
16.9 
28.3 


Feet. 
0.62 
0.37 
0.51 
1.12 


Sec.-ft. 
26.9 


do 


12.3 


7 


. . do 


19.5 


Dec 9 


J. B. Stewart 


18.5 









Note.— Gage heights obtained by measuring the head on 17-foot Cippoletti weir. Measurements made 
at upper end of first tunnel above the weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of New Hamahua ditch at Nailiilihaele weir, near Huelo, 

Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910 
1 


41 
32 

27 
36 
S3 

39 


88 
89 
88 
87 
84 

81 
79 
73 
68 
63 

66 
72 
82 
77 
67 

60 
54 
53 
51 
37 

52 
88 
72 
53 
49 

41 
41 
35 

84 
87 
87 
87 
86 


38 
38 
73 
88 
84 

75 
81 
66 
55 
49 

44 
41 
38 
36 
33 

30 

28 
28 
44 
76 

80 
82 
85 
87 
87 

87 
85 
81 
70 
67 
87 

'"'53' 
49 

45 
43 
39 
36 
37 

33 
31 

30 
32 
30 

28 
27 
26 
37 

57 


86 
88 
86 
86 
84 

83 
90 
91 

89 
86 

82 
79 
75 
70 
68 

63 

79 
86 

82 
77 

69 
63 
67 
82 
84 

87 
80 
74 
63 
58 

47 
43 
54 
40 
34 

32 

29 
27 
24 
23 

21 
22 
20 
19 

17 

17 
48 
48 
49 
51 


64 

86 
82 
87 
85 

82 
88 
86 
86 
82 

84 
78 
78 
68 
72 

84 
78 
81 
86 
84 

81 
76 
72 
76 
70 

62 
56 
51 
47 
45 
86 

71 
81 
66 
57 
59 

58 
68 
67 

88 

87 

85 
84 
81 
86 
86 

86 
86 
85 
82 
83 


87 
91 
88 
85 
86 

84 
87 
86 
87 
86 

87 
87 
88 
86 
89 

88 
86 
86 
84 
85 

83 
82 
80 
74 
69 

63 
59 
53 
55 
51 

48 
63 
76 
82 
86 

84 
86 
86 
86 
88 

86 
85 
87 
86 
80 

80 
71 

74 
80 

77 


49 
48 
57 
85 
82 

80 
81 
68 
61 
56 

61 
59 
49 
59 

87 

88 
87 
85 
79 
70 

61 
56 
55 
51 
62 

54 
48" 
45 
40 
41 
52 

""'76' 
70 
81 
81 

81 
81 

'"'76' 

78 

82 
84 
77 
70 
74 

81 
69 
57 
50 
59 


43 
40 

78 
89 
85 

86 
82 
80 
78 
68 

61 
71 
86 
86 
81 

72 
66 
62 
53 
34 

14 

87 
86 
86 

87 

76 
74 
83 
67 
56 
49 

29 
37 
37 
32 
27 

25 
23 
22 
22 

20 

20 
23 
31 

23 
23 

68 

67 

51 

----- 


44 
40 
42 
40 
38 

35 
31 
28 
27 
25 

24 
22 
21 
20 
20 

22 
21 
20 
18 
16 

Id 
15 
14 
16 
14 

14 
12 
14 
33 
42 

68 
70 
63 
56 
49 

44 
69 

83 
7S 
68 

85 
84 
74 
66 
76 

67 
74 
^4 
79 
86 


75 
83 
86 
76 
51 

62 
64 
60 
81 
84 

68 
53 
46 
38 
34 

30 
28 
26 
24 
33 

37 
54 
63 
36 
29 

25 
23 

26 
29 
23 
21 

85 
86 
86 
86 
86 

86 

'"'87' 
86 
83 

88 
76 
70 
65 
64 

59 
64 
53 
49 
46 


20 
19 
18 
28 
19 

18 
18 
16 
15 
15 

16 
14 
14 
13 
12 

13 
40 
58 
69 
33 

28 
23 
40 
66 
37 

28 
25 
39 
92 
89 


78 


2 


36 


3 


87 


4 


90 


5 


91 


6 




7 




8 






9 






10 






11 


36 
86 
87 
87 
85 

85 
85 
85 
86 
85 

86 
53 
23 
79 
83 

84 
86 
86 
85 
86 
87 




12 


59 


13 


55 


14 


51 


15 


46 


16 


44 


17 


41 


18 


38 


19 


36 


20 


34 


21 


34 


22 


36 


23 


43 


24 


^7 


25 


57 


26 


47 


27 


63 


28 


69 


29 


54 


30 


46 


31 




1911. 


26 
25 
25 
24 
24 

30 
33 

58 
37 
30 

29 
26 

54 

77 
81 

59 
86 
82 
80 
81 


62 


2 




50 






50 


4 




49 






45 






66 


7 




87 
88 

87 


62 


8 




83 


9 




68 






60 








56 


12 




88 
85 
80 
73 

13 
1.9 
1.0 
1.2 
1.6 


52 






65 


14 




79 






85 




52 
50 
46 
42 
38 


86 


17 


86 


]8 


86 


19 


86 


20 


86 



320 



WATEE EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of New Hamakua ditch at Nailiilihaele weir, near Huelo, 
Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 


35 
41 
38 
41 

77 

59 
76 

87 
81 
66 
82 


5.7 
43 

40 
56 
54 

54 


39 
40 
30 
29 
29 

27 
26 
24 
23 
24 
43 


56 
9.3 
5.3 

6.0 
4.8 

34 
39 
78 
70 
69 


86 
85 
86 
78 
71 

77 
75 
63 
58 
56 
55 


82 
78 
70 
65 
67 

73 
75 
75 
64 
62 


48 
47 
52 
46 
40 

36 
35 
32 
30 
29 
28 


52 
45 
41 

70 
83 

78 
62 
53 
75 
83 
88 


85 
87 

""87" 
86 

87 
87 

""si' 


44 
42 
38 
39 
41 

41 
34 
32 
30 
28 
28 


84 
85 
65 
84 
76 

65 
60 
86 
84 
73 


84 


22 


78 


23 


71 


24 


67 


25 


60 


26 


55 


27 


52 


28 


54 


29 


62 


30 


56 


31 


56 







Note. — Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily dis- 
charge in million gallons per 24 hours, as measured by a 17-foot Cippoletti weir. The ditch was not carrying 
water on the days for which discharge is not given. 

Monthly discharge of New Hamakua ditch at Nailiilihaele weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 

(total in 

acre-feet). 



1910. 

January 1-6 and 11-31 

February 

March 

April 

May 

Jime 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 1-5 and 12-30 

The period 

1911. 

January 16-31 

February 1-5, 7-9, and 12-26 . . . 

March 4-3i 

April 

May 

June 

July 2-7 and 9-31 

August 1-18 and 20-31 

September 1-22, 24-27, and 29 . . 

October 1-6 and 8-31 

November 

December 

The period , 



70.5 
66.1 
62.7 
78.6 
76.6 
80.1 
63.1 
69.9 
24.8 
47.4 
31.2 
53.4 



12 



86 



35 

1.0 
23 

4.8 
55 
48 
28 
20 
44 
28 
24 
45 



60.3 



56.9 
56.1 
34.2 
34.5 
75.3 
76.7 
60.3 
46.2 
76.2 
60.0 
57.6 
66.4 



1.0 



58.5 



3,780 
3,670 
3,860 
4,680 
4,660 
4,770 
3,880 
4,300 
1,480 
2,910 
1,860 
2,550 



42,400 



1,810 
2,560 
1,920 
2,060 
4,630 
4,560 
3,470 
2,760 
4,030 
3,570 
3,430 
4,080 



38,900 



Note. — Estimates include only the days when the ditch was carrying water. 

NEW HAMAKUA DITCH AT HALKHAKU WEIR, NEAR HTTELO. MAUI. 

The Maui Agricultural Co. maintains a 25-foot Cippoletti weir on 
the New Hamakua ditch just above the crossing of Halehaku Stream. 
This weir measures the total flow of the ditch before receiving water 
from Halehaku Stream. A clock register is used for recording the 
head on the weir. The records for 1910-11 have been furnished to 
the Geological Survey by the Maui Agricultural Co. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



321 



Discharge measurements of New Hamakua ditch at Halehaku weir, near Huelo, Maui, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 6 

6 




Feet. 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 
8.5 


Sq.ft. 
34.8 
34.8 
32.7 
30.6 


Feet. 

0.852 
.845 
.662 
.405 


Sec.-ft. 
71.8 


do 


70.8 


6 


do 


46.3 


6 


do 


20.9 









Note. — Gage heights obtained by measuring the head on 25-foot Cippoletti weir. Measurements made 
at lower end of tunnel just above the weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of New Hamakua ditch at Halehaku weir, near Huelo, 

Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


63 

54 
66 
70 

77 

66 
60 
31 

29 
32 

75 
97 
89 
90 
89 

88 
87 
87 
87 

88 

89 
89 
87 
88 
88 

93 
92 
92 
93 
95 
88 

23 
24 
22 
24 
23 

19 

10 
9.8 
9.1 

17 

17 
25 
20 
15 

57 

56 
54 
67 
71 
75 


88 
85 
88 
88 
89 

89 
88 
86 
. 82 
80 

82 
83 
81 
83 
79 

74 
71 
61 

65 
64 

65 
86 
82 
66 
62 

58 
59 
63 

91 

86 
84 
82 
83 

68 
85 
85 
78 
29 

53 

84 
84 
84 
82 

71 
68 
62 
SO 
57 


66 
69 
77 
86 
86 

83 
85 

78 
69 
65 

68 
70 

72 
63 

72 

67 
62 
61 
82 
102 

86 
85 
84 
84 
84 

84 
85 
89 
86 
77 
83 

"h'.i 

66 
84 
85 

83 
78 
72 
61 
63 

63 
59 
56 
61 
73 

71 
67 
56 
56 
74 


86 
86 
86 
84 
83 

86 
88 
88 
86 
88 

87 
86 
88 
89 
88 

86 
"87 
84 
87 
88 

86 
80 
83 

85 
87 

86 
85 
84 
84 
81 

51 
49 
60 
61 
65 

60 
61 
47 
45 
51 

50 
50 
45 
43 
41 

40 
72 
72 
69 
70 


81 

84 
86 
87 
86 

90 
86 
84 
87 
86 

88 
87 
86 
85 
85 

86 
85 
85 
84 
83 

82 
82 
83 
82 
82 

82 
80 
82 
81 
77 
88 

86 
90 

89 
88 
88 

88 
88 
85 
82 
84 

83 
85 
86 
88 
85 

83 
86 
87 
88 
87 


84 
84 
85 
88 
88 

87 
90 
91 
87 
86 

88 
90 
86 
86 
87 

84 

85 
85 
84 
87 

87 
86 
86 
83 
92 

94 
79 

81 
82 
82 

84 
85 
85 
85 
86 

85 
84 
85 
86 
86 

87 
85 
84 
84 
87 

86 
85 
84 
85 
86 


88 
89 
85 
84 
85 

83 
86 
81 
84 
84 

86 
87 
86 
86 
85 

83 
84 
90 
91 

88 

86 
86 
87 
85 
86 

85 
87 
83 
77 
76 
82 

59 

83 
85 
84 
84 

86 
84 
58 
85 
85 

87 
85 
83 
83 
84 

89 
91 
90 
94 
94 


. 80 
76 
88 
87 
90 

91 
86 
85 
86 
85 

89 
91 
88 
86 
84 

85 
91 
93 
91 

88 

84 
87 
86 
87 
88 

88 
85 
85 
87 
86 
86 

60 
69 
65 
59 
52 

48 
46 
44 
44 
41 

42 
45 
66 
46 
44 

88 
87 
85 
88 
86 


85 
81 
71 
71 

77 

75 
69 
64 
60 
56 

54 
50 
47 
45 
45 

49 
44 
42 
39 
36 

35 
35 
35 
38 
32 

31 
29 
36 

47 
83 

97 
97 
88 
88 
86 

87 
88 
88 
85 
84 

83 
83 
86 
90 
93 

89 
89 
87 
88 
84 


84 
86 
85 
85 
83 

84 
84 
84 
86 
86 

84 
83 
83 
81 
78 

75 
71 
66 
61 
65 

78 
82 
90 
81 
71 

64 
58 
63 
63 
55 
50 

81 
86 
86 
86 
83 

85 
78 
86 
85 
86 

80 

85 
85 
84 
83 

82 
83 
83 
84 
80 


47 
44 
43 
71 
47 

44 
44 
40 
38 
39 

40 
35 
33 
32 
31 

34 
70 
86 
85 
73 

66 
56 
71 
88 
79 

69 
62 
69 
80 
85 

46 
45 
43 
41 
41 

50 
53 
82 
66 
54 

51 
44 

78 
86 
83 

83 
85 
84 
86 
86 


87 


2 


62 


3 


62 


4 


36 


5 


60 


6 


44 


7 


12 


8 


8.4 


9 


32 


10 


47 


11 


59 


12 


8.4 


13 


21 


14 


65 


15 


65 


16 


64 


17 


64 


18 


64 


19 


64 


20 


63 


21 


62 


22 


64 


23 


62 


24 


54 


25 


29 


26 


49 


27 


59 


28 


42 


29 


84 




84 


31 


44 


1911. 


85 


2 


82 




85 


4 


84 




73 


6 


73 


7 


82 




84 


9 


86 




80 




84 


12 


82 




83 


14 


77 




86 


16 


84 


17 


82 




82 


19 


82 


20 


88 



74323°— wsp 318— 13- 



-21 



322 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of New Hamakua ditch at Halehaku weir, near Huelo, 
Mam, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb: 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
21 


77 
75 

77 
80 
82 

86 
83 
84 
85 
82 
85 


52 
74 
69 
70 
63 

44 

27 


68 
71 
60 
59 
59 

58 
56 
52 
54 
58 
51 


78 
76 
71 
11 
1.6 

4.0 
4.1 
83 

77 
78 


84 
87 
55 
86 
83 

81 

86 
85 
85 
85 
84 


84 
86 
84 
61 
83 

84 
84 
84 
84 
91 


88 
87 
89 
84 
80 

77 
72 
68 
64 
60 
58 


89 
84 

78 
89 
88 

88 
83 
88 
86 
88 
83 


84 
84 
85 
84 
86 

87 
85 
86 
87 
81 


76 
74 
69 
65 
68 

68 
57 
55 
53 
51 
48 


84 
82 
28 
46 
89 

87 
87 
86 
84 
86 


90 


22 


90 


23 


89 


24 


84 


25 


83 


26 


86 


27 


87 


28 


86 


29 


86 


30 


85 


31 


85 







Note.— Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily discharge 
in million gallons per 24 hours. The ditch was not carrying water on Feb. 28 and Mar. 1, 1911. 

Monthly discharge of New Hamakua ditch at Halehaku weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910 

January 

February 

M arch 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911 

January 

February 1-27 

March 2-31 

AprU 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year a 



97 



29 
58 
61 
81 
77 
79 
76 
76 
29 
50 
31 
8.4 



78.0 
76.7 
77.7 
85.7 
84.3 
86.1 
85.0 
86.7 
50.9 
75.8 
56.7 
52.3 



4,800 
4,260 
4,780 
5,100 
5,180 
5,120 
5,230 
5,330 
3,030 
4,660 
3,370 
3,220 



8.4 



74.9 



54,100 



9.1 

27 
9.4 
1.6 

55 

61 

58 

41 

81 

48 

28 

73 



49.5 
69.1 
62.8 
52.9 
84.7 
84.3 
80.6 
69.3 
87.0 
76.0 
68.2 
83.7 



3,040 
3,700 
3,740 
3,150 
5,210 
5,020 
4,960 
4,260 
5,180 
4,670 
4,060 
5,150 



97 



1.6 



72.4 



52,100 



o For 363 days. 
OLD HAMAKT7A DITCH AT OPANA WEIR, NEAR HTTELO, MAITI. 

The Maui Agricultural Co. maintains a 20-foot Cippoletti weir and 
clock register on the Old Hamakua ditch a short distance below the 
crossing of Opana Stream. The discharge at this point gives the total 
quantity of water received by the Old Hamakua ditch east of that 
point. The records for 1910-11 have been furnished to the Geological 
Survey by the Maui Agricultural Co. 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



323 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Old Hamakua ditch at Opana weir, near Euelo, Maui, 

for 1910-11. 



29 
22 
11 
12 
37 

29 
4.1 
2.7 
3.4 

22 

24 
36 
42 
42 
29 

35 
41 
42 
33 
34 

38 
40 
40 
34 
32 

30 
34 
33 
31 
34 
40 



17 
25 
14 
33 
35 

26 
29 
22 
20 
37 

35 
34 
38 
35 
29 

33 
29 
20 
12 
5.7 

1.4 
1.6 
2.2 

27 

16 

22 
30 
41 
32 



Feb. 



31 
34 
24 
25 
34 

15 
1.1 
1.1 
1.2 
1.1 

1.1 
6.6 

12 

15 

25 

12 
25 
5.9 



12 
11 

32 
41 
34 

35 
34 
32 
29 

25 

18 

11 
5.6 
4.2 
1.9 

1.4 
2.0 
2.2 

2.8 
10 

29 
36 
40 
40 
43 

44 
40 
35 
32 
30 
40 



4.8 
5.6 
14 

7.7 
2.8 

1.7 
1.6 
2.6 

11 

14 

1.9 

.6 

.6 

4.6 

1.9 

1.1 
1.0 
4.2 
25 

24 

10 

13 
5.6 
5.6 
4.6 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.9 
5.9 
39 



Apr. 



42 
33 
36 
17 
4.0 

.6 
2.5 

14 

12 
1.9 

.5 
.5 
.6 
.5 
.3 



May. 



23 
38 
34 
42 
41 

36 
43 
40 
41 
37 

32 

29 
27 
20 
20 

34 
27 

28 
28 
26 

24 
23 
24 
24 
22 

20 

16 
7.1 
1.0 
1.0 

38 



26 
24 
23 
21 
21 

26 
23 
17 
42 
42 

41 
28 
14 
41 
43 

39 
42 
41 
30 
23 

31 
31 
36 
27 
25 

25 
24 
23 
23 
11 
18 



June. 



41 
41 
41 

37 
36 

33 
38 
38 
42 
40 

42 
40 
43 
40 
42 

41 
40 
41 
38 
38 

38 
34 
35 
33 

8.7 

8.4 
27 
14 
18 

8.7 



15 
25 
36 
36 
40 

41 
41 
40 
41 
40 

41 
38 
35 
39 
32 

34 
29 
28 
28 
23 

22 
9.0 
24 
19 
25 

33 
32 
35 
44 
18 



July. 



4.5 
1.6 

14 

37 

33 

33 
37 
33 
25 
18 

14 
16 
6.5 
11 
42 

42 
37 
34 
30 
26 

23 

14 
9.0 
4.9 

12 

11 

2.5 
1.7 
1.7 
1.4 
4.0 



19 
26 
29 
35 
33 

37 
37 
29 
40 
40 

44 
41 

36 
29 
28 

32 

24 

13 
1.4 
6.8 

1.4 

4.8 

3.1 

1.0 

.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 



Aug. 



3.2 
1.1 

32 

43 

34 

33 
32 
33 
32 

27 

20 
29 
40 
42 
38 

33 
20 
13 
4.2 
30 

44 
42 
41 
38 
41 

39 
32 
36 
24 
16 
5.4 



0.6 
.6 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 

.3 
.3 
.6 
.5 
.5 

13 
14 
3.2 
39 
24 

8.5 
.6 
.4 

15 

34 

36 
28 
9.6 
32 
43 
35 



Sept. 



2.3 
1.6 

16 

16 
2.0 

1.6 
1.6 
1.2 

1.7 
1.7 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.4 
.6 



.6 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

.6 

.6 

.5 

.5 

7.3 

41 



Oct. 



17 
14 
24 
23 
14 

2.5 
23 
43 
36 
30 

43 
41 
34 
16 
18 

25 
30 
40 
30 
43 

4C 
43 
40 
41 
41 

43 
42 
42 
41 
19 



27 
38 
43 
33 

26 

27 
27 
27 
33 
41 

31 

26 

20 
9.9 
1.6 

1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.5 

10 

14 
3.2 
1.1 

1.0 
.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 



34 
42 
42 
42 
39 

36 
30 
43 
39 
35 

33 
33 
27 
23 
21 

19 
21 

7.7 
2.5 
2.3 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 



Nov. 



0.6 
.5 
.5 

2.5 



3.9 

14 
21 
6.8 

3.1 

.5 
.1 
21 
5.9 

1.0 
1.0 

13 

42 

41 



1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 

1.1 
1.1 
17 
2.0 
1.1 

1.1 
1.1 

12 

37 

39 

24 
42 
34 
29 
34 

45 
43 
40 
37 
33 

24 
19 
41 
34 
30 



Dec. 



42 
41 
42 
42 
42 

21 
20 
22 
33 
23 

28 
44 
43 
43 
36 

29 
23 
18 
15 
13 

10 
18 
9.6 
33 
36 

31 
36 
40 
33 
25 
31 



22 
16 
12 
11 
11 

29 
16 
38 
24 
23 

17 
12 
17 
35 
46 

42 
40 
41 
42 
37 

31 
27 
25 
26 
2.5 

1.5 
1.4 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 



Note. — Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily dis- 
charge in million gallons per 24 hours. 



324 WATEE BESOUBCES OP HAWAIL 

Monthly discharge of Old Hamakua ditch at Opana weir, near Eiuelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



1910, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911 

January 

February 

March. 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. MlnimnTn Mean 



2.7 

13 

1.4 

13 

1.0 

8.4 

1.4 

1.1 

.5 

.6 

.1 

9.6 



1.4 

.6 

.6 

.3 

11 

9.0 

.6 

.3 

2.S 

1.1 

1.0 

1.1 



29.6 
29.3 
24.3 
31.0 
27.3 
33.9 
18.7 
29.0 

3.63 
14.6 

6.16 
29.8 



23.1 



24.6 
22.0 
7.07 
20.0 
28.4 
31.4 
19.2 
11.0 
31.3 
18.9 
20.9 
21.0 



21.3 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1,820 

1,630 

1,490 

1,840 

1,680 

2,020 

1,150 

1,780 

216 

898 

367 

1,830 



16,800 



1,510 
1,220 

435 
1,198 
1,750 
1,870 
1,180 

676 
1,860 
1,160 
1,240 
1,290 



15,400 



KALTTANXTI DITCH AT PTTUOMALEI, NEAR HAMAKtrAPOKO, MAFI. 

Kaluanui ditch heads in Opana Stream at an elevation of 2,500 feet. 
It collects water from several small streams above Puuomalei and 
finally joins the New Hamakua ditch west of Maliko Gulch. 

The Maui Agricultural Co. maintains a small weir on this ditch and 
has furnished the records for 1910-11 to the Geological Survey. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kaluanui ditch at Puuomalei, near Hamakuapoko, 

Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


5.3 


5.3 


6.2 


7.1 


' 4.5 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


4.8 


5.3 


6.2 


7.1 


5.4 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


4.8 


5.9 


6.2 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


4.8 


5.9 


6.2 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


4.8 


5.9 


6.2 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.5 


4.2 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


2.8 


3.6 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


5.4 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


3.1 


3.6 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


4.5 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


3.3 


3.6 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


4.5 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


3.6 


3.6 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


6.2 


4.5 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


3.4 


3.6 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


4.0 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


3.1 


4.8 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


6.2 


7.1 


4.6 


6.2 


2.5 


2.5 


3.1 


4.8 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


6.2 


1.9 


2.5 


3.1 


4.8 


4.8 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


6.2 


1.9 


2.5 


3.1 


4.8 


5.3 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


6.2 


1.9 


2.8 


3.1 


4.8 


5.3 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


6.2 


2.5 


3.1 


3.2 


4.8 


6.3 


5.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


6.2 


4.5 


3.1 


3.9 


4.8 


5.3 


6.9 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


6.2 


6.3 


S.1 


4.3 


4.S 


h^ 


«.§ 


7.1 


7.1 


7.1 


3.1 


S.2 


6.3 



Dec. 



1910. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 , 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 , 

17 , 

18 

18 , 

ao .^.^ 



6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



325 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kaluanui ditch at Puuomalei, near Hamakaapoko, 
Maui, for 1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


Jime. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
21 


3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
2.8 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
6.4 


4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

4.2 
4.2 
4.2 

7.1 
7.1 
6.2 
6.2 
7.9 

7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.9 
7.9 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 

7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.9 

6.2 
6.2 
9.0 


4.8 
7.2 
7.2 
4.8 
4.8 

. 4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
4.8 
5.3 
5.3 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 

7.9 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 


5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 

6.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 
5.3 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1- 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 


5.9 
5.9 
5.9 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 

7.9 
7.9 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 


7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 


7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

5.0 
5.0 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 

4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
0.0 
0.0 
1.0 
2.6 


7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

8.8 
8.8 

2.5 
2.5 
1.4 
1.4 
1.4 

1.4 
1.9 
1.9 
L4 
1.9 

1.9 
1.9 
2.5 
1.9 
1.9 

2.5 
2.5 
1.9 
1.9 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
3.1 
3.1 
3.9 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 


3.1 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.5 

2.5 
2.5 
2.5 
2.6 
7.1 

6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 
6.2 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 

7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 


6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.2 

6.2 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 
3.9 

9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 
9.0 

9.0 
7.9 
7.9 
7.9 
7.1 

6.2 
6.2 
6.2 
6.4 
5.4 

5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
5.4 
6.4 

6.4 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 

4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
4.6 
3.9 
3.9 


6.3 
3.1 
3.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
6.2 
5.4 

3.9 
3.9 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 
3.1 

5.4 
5.4 
7.1 
7.1 
7.9 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 

7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 


5.4 
5 4 


22 


23 


5 4 


24 


5 4 


25 


5 4 


2tj 


5 4 


27 


5 4 


28 


5 4 


29 


5.4 
5 4 


30 


31 


6.4 

7 1 


1911. 
1 




7 1 


3 


7 1 




7 1 


5 


7 1 


6 


7 1 




7.1 


8 


7 1 




7 1 


10 


7.1 


11 


7.1 


12 


7.1 


13 


7 1 




7.1 


15 


7.1 


16 


7,1 




7.1 


18 


7.1 


19 


7.1 


20 


7.1 


21 


7.1 


22 


7.1 


23 


7.1 


24. 


7.1 


25 


7.1 


26 


7.1 


27 


7.1 


28 


7.1 


29 


7. 1 


30 


7.1 


31 


7.1 







Note. — Daily discharge in second-^eet computed by the Geological Survey from weir records of daily 
discharge in million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Kaluanui ditch at Puuomalei, near Hamakuapoko, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Eun-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


1910. 


3.1 
4.2 
7.2 
5.3 
6.2 
7.1 
7.1 
8.8 
7.1 
6.2 
7.1 
6.2 


2.5 
2.5 
3.6 
4.8 
5.3 
6.2 
6.2 
4.5 
2.5 
3.9 
1.9 
5.4 


2.69 
3.36 
4.66 
5.07 
5.94 
6.96 
7.64 
6.98 
4.30 
5.83 
3.91 
5.68 


165 


February 


187 


March 


287 




302 


May 


365 


June 


414 


July 


470 


August 


429 


September 


256 


October 


35S 


November 


233 


December 


349 






The year 


8.8 


L9 


5.27 


3,820 



326 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Monthly discharge of Kahianui ditch at Puuomalei, near Hamakuapoho, Maui, for 

1910-11— Continued. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean. 



Run-oft 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



5.4 
9.0 
7.9 
7.1 
7.9 
7.1 
7.1 
5.4 
7.9 
9.0 
7.9 
7.1 



5.4 
5.4 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
7.1 
0.0 
1.4 
5.4 
3.9 
3.1 
7.1 



5.40 
6.85 
7.38 
7.10 
7.28 
7.10 
4.90 
3.07 
7.04 
6.17 
5.06 
7.10 



332 
380 
454 
422 
448 
422 
301 
189 
419 
379 
301 
437 



9.0 



6.20 



LOWRIE DITCH AT OPANA WEIR, NEAR HUELO, MAITI. 

The Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. maintains a 16J-foot weir 
on the Lowrie ditch a short distance west of Halehaku Gulch and has 
kindly furnished the records for 1910-11 to the Geological Survey. 

Discharge measurements of Lowrie ditch at Opana weir near Hv£lo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 11 
Dec 6 


Pierce and CoUins 


Feet. 
6.0 
6.0 


Sq.ft. 
15.4 
27.6 


Feet. 
1.10 
1.33 


Sec.-ft. 
63.1 


J. B. Stewart 


91.8 









Note.— Gage heights obtained by measuring the head on a 16§-foot weir. Measurements made a short 
distance below the weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Lowrie ditch at Opana weir, near Tluelo, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


93 
93 
92 
99 
96 

80 
88 
90 
90 
89 

76 
53 
91 
90 
90 

90 
90 
90 
90 
90 

90 
90 
90 
90 
90 


88 
88 
88 
90 
91 

92 
92 
92 
92 
92 

89 
84 
91 
92 
94 

94 
91 
93 
94 

82 

72 
92 
81 
92 
91 


88 
82 
83 
93 
90 

94 
94 
93 
93 
94 

93 

83 
78 
81 
67 

63 
65 
64 

80 
92 

89 
89 
92 
95 
94 


95 
95 
94 
94 
94 

94 
94 
94 
94 
94 

93 
95 
95 
95 
94 

74 
96 
96 
95 
96 

95 
95 
95 
95 

94 


95 
96 
96 
96 
96 

96 
96 
96 
96 
96 

95 
95 
95 
95 
96 

95 
96 
96 
96 
96 

96 
96 
95 
95 
95 


93 
92 
64 
88 
95 

95 
93 
89 
95 
95 

95 
95 
87 
88 
95 

94 
94 
94 
95 
94 

94 
93 
93 
93 
92 


83 
69 

82 
92 

87 

92 
94 
93 
92 
91 

92 
92 
90 
92 
93 

91 
91 
92 
92 
92 

92 
91 

89 
84 
89 


86 
76 
87 
94 
89 

90 
90 
90 
90 
90 

89 
91 
93 
92 
91 

91 
90 
90 
88 
92 

94 
91 
92 
91 
93 


92 
92 
92 
91 

89 

66 
50 

75 
65 
62 

57 
55 
53 
50 
48 

56 
47 
45 
43 
40 

39 
38 
45 
48 
38 


90 
88 
92 
92 
90 

90 
89 
91 
91 
92 

92 
92 
89 
83 
61 

59 
82 
69 
61 
62 

85 
81 
89 
83 
84 


47 
45 
43 
72 
43 

43 
46 
40 
38 
39 

46 
36 
34 
32 
30 

32 

82 
90 
90 

85 

84 
62 
71 
90 
87 


95 


2 


97 


3 


96 


4 


96 


5 


101 


6 


99 


7 


82 


8 


47 


9 


23 


10 


55 


11 


92 


12 


94 


13 


d3 


14 


92 


15 


95 


16 


91 


17 


84 


18 


79 


19 


81 


20 


88 


21 


88 


22 


95 


23 


73 


24, 


96 


25 


73 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



327 



Daily discharge, in second-feet^ of Lowrie ditch at Opana weir, near Hitelo, Maui, for 

1910-11— Gontmned. 



Day. 



Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


90 


84 


73 


94 


94 


92 


85 


91 


40 


73 


88 


93 


85 


96 


94 


94 


92 


81 


63 


36 


57 


72 


93 


82 


94 


94 


86 


89 


78 


94 


42 


69 


82 


92 




95 


93 


66 


92 


77 


92 


65 


75 


91 


92 




95 


92 


63 


85 


74 


92 


91 


60 


94 


89 




95 




93 




83 


92 




52 




93 


96 


93 


90 


87 


72 


81 


71 


82 


84 


44 


93 


96 


92 


80 


88 


83 


80 


85 


83 


85 


42 


92 


96 


92 


93 


87 


85 


81 


83 


83 


86 


40 


93 


96 


86 


85 


86 


85 


82 


77 


80 


86 


38 


93 


96 


86 


77 


86 


89 


81 


77 


81 


85 


39 


93 


100 


82 


74 


88 


87 


82 


61 


80 


85 


52 


94 


95 


77 


70 


88 


90 


80 


52 


82 


88 


40 


94 


96 


72 


64 


87 


89 


80 


53 


82 


87 


73 


64 


96 


70 


61 


93 


88 


81 


54 


82 


85 


65 


95 


96 


77 


57 


90 


92 


80 


49 


83 


84 


62 


95 


82 


50 


63 


87 


89- 


82 


51 


83 


83 


51 


95 


66 


63 


62 


89 


89 


81 


57 


82 


84 


44 


95 


48 


57 


56 


91 


90 


79 


79 


82 


83 


66 


94 


50 


60 


49 


90 


89 


80 


59 


82 


84 


78 


94 


78 


91 


43 


89 


88 


82 


46 


83 


83 


79 


95 


88 


71 


46 


88 


88 


84 


72 


84 


81 


74 


95 


76 


73 


82 


88 


89 


82 


81 


83 


82 


79 


95 


71 


61 


77 


87 


90 


82 


78 


85 


80 


76 


91 


68 


73 


71 


87 


90 


82 


82 


85 


81 


74 


92 


71 


86 


83 


80 


90 


82 


79 


88 


78 


75 


86 


71 


77 


82 


89 


90 


82 


79 


89 


73 


69 


84 


80 


69 


83 


82 


91 


82 


78 


86 


72 


63 


87 


80 


60 


94 


83 


86 


83 


79 


89 


67 


24 


93 


83 


64 


89 


85 


85 


79 


82 


87 


61 


87 


94 


91 


67 


93 


85 


85 


73 


82 


85 


63 


88 


94 


93 


64 


93 


86 


87 


79 


80 


85 


58 


87 


94 


94 


73 


89 


86 


85 


78 


80 


85 


58 


86 


95 


95 


69 


88 


85 


86 


79 


79 


86 


54 


89 


95 




54 


87 


85 


87 


61 


85 


86 


50 


87 


95 




30 


88 


85 


86 


28 


83 


99 


48 


87 


95 




62 




85 




64 


83 




47 





1910. 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

1911. 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 



82 



Note.— Daily discharge Jan. 1, 1910, to Aug. 31, 1911, computed by the Geological Survey from records 
of head on 16§-foot weir. Discharge Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1911, in second-feet computed by the Geological 
Survey from weir records of discharge in million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Lowrie ditch at Opana weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910, 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



99 
94 
96 
96 
96 
95 
94 
94 
92 
92 
94 
101 



101 



53 


89.0 


72 


88.9 


64 


86.4 


74 


93.7 


63 


93.1 


64 


91.5 


69 


87.6 


63 


89.5 


36 


58.3 


52 


79.5 


30 


61.1 


23 


85.4 



5,470 
4,940 
5,310 

5,580 
5,720 
5,440 
5,390 
5,500 
3,470 
4,890 
3,640 
5,250 



60,600 



328 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 

Monthly discharge of Lovtrrie ditch at Opana, near Httelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Contd. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Yimnm Minimum. Mean 



Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



95 
100 
93 
94 
93 
92 
84 
85 



92.2 
83.9 
71.0 
75.6 
86.8 
87.3 
77.8 
72.1 
84.4 
75.0 
65.3 
83.2 



5,670 
4,660 
4,370 
4,500 
5,340 
5,190 
4,780 
4,430 
5,020 
4,610 
3,890 
5,120 



100 



79.5 



57,600 



HAIKTT DITCH AT PEAHI WEIR, liTEAR HTTELO, MATTI. 

The Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. maintains a 16J-foot weir 
on the Haiku ditch a short distance west of Halehaku Gulch and has 
furnished the records for 1910-11 to the Geological Survey. 

Discharge measurements of Haiku ditch at Pedhi weir, near Huelo, Maui, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Apr. 11 
Dec. 6 


Pierce and Collins 


Feet. 
9.7 
12.2 


Sq.ft. 
13.9 
59.9 


Feet. 
0.62 
1.32 


Sec.-ft. 
29.4 


J. B. Stewart 


82.0 









Note. — Gage height obtained by measuring the head on a 16§-foot weir. Measurements made a short 
distance below the weir. 

Daily discharge, in second feet, of Haiku ditch at Pedhi weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


41 
22 
11 
39 
74 

80 
80 
79 
77 
77 

80 
82 
82 
82 
82 

82 
82 
81 
78 
80 

80 
79 
81 
81 
77 


82 
82 
80 
84 
84 

82 
82 
77 
57 
50 

55 
59 
60 
70 

85 

55 
51 
71 
39 
16 

26 
81 
79 
68 
39 


40 
32 
71 
82 
81 

81 
81 
81 
62 
39 

40 
43 
42 
43 
37 

20 
5 
5 

27 
82 

83 
83 
83 
83 
83 


&5 
85 
85 
85 
85 

85 
85 
84 
85 
82 

85 
85 
72 
53 
52 

54 
60 
83 
82 
83 

81 
56 
58 
56 
82 


56 
81 
83 
84 
84 

84 
84 
85 
85 
85 

85 
84 
81 
61 
61 

90 
85 
83 
85 
85 

85 
71 
62 
80 
58 


84 
77 
74 
76 
84 

83 

85 
85 
85 
84 

85 
85 
85 
85 
85 

85 

84 
85 
85 
85 

84 
83 
83 
85 
86 


53 
47 
49 
81 
84 

84 
84 
84 
84 
53 

77 
77 
65 
70 
84 

84 

84 
84 
84 
84 

67 
66 
75 
66 
75 


18 
8 
60 
87 
86 

85 
85 
85 
85 
84 

76 
83 
86 

85 
85 

85 
70 
56 
50 
82 

86 
86 
87 
86 
85 


73 
61 
69 
49 
55 

53 
41 
11 

8 

6 

3 
2 

1 

.8 
.4 

.4 







C 
.8 
1 


84 
82 
85 
84 
79 

82 
76 
85 
85 
83 

81 
68 
71 
65 

57 

28 
24 
6 
5 
5 

48 
50 
80 
49 
20 


5 

4 
39 
6 

5 
5 
5 
4 
4 

4 
3 
3 
3 
2 

2 
19 
73 
82 
51 

23 
6 
28 
76 
64 


87 


2. 


87 


3 


86 


4 


86 


5 


86 


6 


82 


7 


61 


8 


67 


9.. 


74 


10 


48 


11 


70 


12... . .. 


75 


13 


64 


14 


20 


15 


20 


16 


15 


17 


11 


18 


11 


19 


12 


20 


12 


21 


11 


22 ■.. 


16 


23 


11 


24 


75 


25 


82 



ISLAND OF MAUI. 



329 



Dfdly discharge, in second-feet, of Haiku ditch at Peahi weir, near Huelo, Maui, for 

1910-11 — Continued. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
26 


80 
81 
71 

76 
82 
82 

85 
84 
85 
85 
71 

88 
87 
89 
86 
86 

84 
90 
86 
85 
84 

71 
82 
73 
39 
9 

13 
13 
14 
71 
76 

20 
87 
87 
86 
53 
86 


25 
18 
37 

86 
85 
85 
85 
85 

91 

85 
85 
85 
86 

85 
86 
86 
86 
86 

55 
35 
33 
25 
17 

13 
15 
15 
28 
25 

21 
49 
79 


83 
83 
83 
83 
84 
81 

85 
85 
72 
40 
40 

31 
13 
21 
31 
36 

27 
32 
43 
46 
53 

31 
22 
36 
26 
46 

6 
9 
5 
3 
3 

3 

30 
37 
35 
20 
54 


82 
82 
81 
57 
51 

58 
41 
71 
34 
25 

15 
13 
11 
13 

28 

25 
22 
20 
17 

7 

21 
63 
69 
64 
70 

77 
72 
77 
76 
76 

76 
76 
75 
76 
76 


54 
46 
40 
32 
19 
72 

76 
75 
72 
54 
50 

74 
73 
71 
78 
76 

76 
76 
76 
77 
74 

76 
76 
76 

75 
77 

78 
76 
76 
76 
76 

76 
77 
76 
72 
69 
60 


62 
72 
64 
77 
68 

46 
76 
72 
76 
76 

76 
76 
75 
75 
76 

76 
76 
76 
76 
76 

76 
76 
76 
76 
76 

76 
76 
76 
73 

77 

76 
75 
76 
76 
70 


58 
58 
22 
8 
8 
22 

74 
76 
76 
76 
76 

76 
76 
■ 76 
76 
76 

76 
40 
76 
76 
76 

77 
75 
66 
71 
70 

59 

57 
68 
55 
33 

6 
15 
5 
5 
33 
17 


84 
85 
85 
85 
85 
75 

20 
27 

4 

3 

2 

.2 
.1 
.1 
.1 

.0 

.6 

1 
22 
2 
2 

46 
73 
49 

74 
74 

49 
43 
31 

58 
71 

75 
75 
61 
71 

77 
77 


1 

- .8 

6 

15 

79 

77 
76 
78 
75 
61 

58 
74 
80 
79 

77 

77 
78 
79 
79 
79 

79 
79 
79 
79 
81 

79 
80 
82 
84 
83 

82 
82 
83 
83 
85 


9 
10 
16 
9 
7 
6 

73 
76 
81 
81 
81 

81 
82 
82 
82 

82 

82 
82 
73 
69 
59 

66 
77 
42 
12 
8 

7 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
6 
6 
5 
5 
5 


19 

8 
27 

86 
86 

5 
4 
3 
3 
3 

4 
3 
37 
33 

7 

4 
3 

53 

77 
83 

76 
81 

82 
82 
82 

82 
82 
82 
82 
82 

82 
74 
82 
79 
79 


82 


27 


86 


28 


85 


29 


66 


30 


49 


31 


79 


1911. 
1 


60 


2 


73 


3 


60 


4 


53 


5 


35 


6 


66 




65 


8 


84 




81 


10 


79 


11 


77 




54 


13 


79 




73 


15 


83 


16 


83* 


17 


83 


18 


83 


19 


83 


20 


83 


21 


83 


22 


83 


^ 


75 


24 


81 


25 


83 


26 


70 


27 


47 


28 


47 


29 


58 


30 


45 




56 







Note.— Daily discharge Jan. 1, 1910, to Aug. 31, 1911, computed by the Geological Survey from records 
of head on 16J-foot weir. Daily discharge Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1911, computed by the Geological Survey from 
weir records of discharge in million gallons per 24 hours. 

Monthly discharge of Haiku ditch at Peahi weir, near Hu£lo, Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum Mean 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



73.3 
60.5 
61.5 
74.7 
71.9 
80.7 
65.2 
76.5 
17.9 
49.6 
24.9 
54.8 



59.4 



4,510 
3,360 
3,780 
4,440 
4,420 
4,800 
4,010 
4,700 
1,070 
3,050 
1,480 
3,370 



43,000 



330 WATEE RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Monthly discharge of Haiku ditch at Peahi weir, near Euelo, Maui, for 1910-11 — Contd. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Kun-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1911 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



69.5 
60.6 
32.9 
47.8 
73.2 
74.5 
58.5 
35.1 
78.2 
46.3 
51.0 
69.8 



58.0 



4,270 
3,370 
2,020 
2,840 
4,500 
4,430 
3,600 
2,160 
4,650 
2,850 
3,030 
4,290 



42,000 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS ON EAST MAUI. 

The following miscellaneous measurements of streams, ditches, and 
pumping plants on East Maui were made during 1911. The meas- 
urements of streams and ditches are arranged in order from east 
to west. 

Miscellaneous measurements of streams on East Maui in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Tributary to— 


Locality. 


dis- 
charge. 


Jan. 18 




Kailua Stream 

do 


Just below intake of old Hamakua 

ditch, near Huelo, Maui. 
do 


See.-ft. 
9.2 


25 


do 


18.8 


18 
25 


Nailiilihaeleliilii 

do 


Nailiilihaele Stream. 
do 


Just above intake of old Hamakua 

ditch, near Huelo, Maui. 
do 


5.8 
9.7 















Miscellaneous measurements of ditches on East Maui in 1911 






Date. 


Ditch. 


Diversion from — 


Locality. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 19 


Koolau 


Various streams 

do 


1,000 feet below Nahiku Weir, 

near Nahiku, Maui. 
do 


Feet. 

a 1.16 
fc3.53 

cl.24 

d.97 

dl.25 


Sec.-ft. 
36.6 


Dec. 16 


do 


37.9 


Nov. 2 


Spreckels 


do 


125 feet below Oopuola Stream, 
near Huelo, Maui. 

12 feet above crest of weir near 
Hamakuapoko, Maui. 

Just below weir near Hama- 
kuapoko, Maui. 
do 


31.2 


Sept. 6 

Apr. 10 

Sept. 5 
Apr. 10 

Sept. 6 
6 


Lowrie 


do 


89.0 


do 

do 


do 

do 


51.0 
74.0 


do 


. .do 


Between fields 77 and 80, near 

Keahua, Maui. 
do 


?49.3 


do 


do 


68.0 


Diversion e 


Lowrie ditch 

Various streams 






8.5 


Apr. 10 


Haiku 


Above weir near Hamakua- 
poko, Maul. 


/.93 


47.9 









a Distance from top of right cement wall to water surface in channel of approach, 11.2 feet back of weir 
crest. 
b Distance to water surface from tack on left bank, 125 feet below Oopuola stream. 
c Head over 10-panel division weir. Nine panels only were delivering water. 
d Head over 10-panel division weir; measurement represents discharge over 9 panels only, 
e This ditch carries the flow of one panel of the 10-panel division weir. 
/ Head on weir. 
e Loss of 1.7 second feet by seepage between Hamakuapodo weir and this point. 



ISLAin) OF MAUI. 



831 





Miscellaneous measurements 


of pumping plants on East Maui in 1911. 




Date. 


Pump. 




Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 4 
4 


Riedler No. 1 


Station No. 1 near Paia 


Sec.-ft. 
6.9 


do ... 


do 


6.9 


4 


Riedler No. 2 


do 


6.7 


6 




do 


7.5 


5 


Riedler No. 1 


Station No. 2 in Maliko Gulch, near 

Hamakuapoko. 
. .do 


6.5 


5 


Riedler No 2 . . 


4.6 


11 




Station No. 1, near Puunene 


12.8 


13 


Roots rotary 


Station No. 2, near Puunene 

Station No. 3, near Puunene 


5.3 


13 


Risdon 


9.2 


9 




Station No. 4, near Puunene 


12.0 


11 




Station No. 5, near Puunene 


20.5 


11 


Riedler " B " 


do 


18.3 


12 




Station No. 1 K, near Kihei 


8.1 


12 


Riedler 


Station N". 3 T^, nnar TTihfii . 


12.6 











PUMPED WATER ON EAST MAUI. 

Considerable water is pumped for irrigation on the west end of 
East Maui and on the isthmus connecting East and West Maui. 
About 15 pumping stations have been established by the Hawaiian 
Commercial & Sugar Co. and the Maui Agricultural Co. These pump- 
ing stations are only run during parts of the year when there is a 
shortage in the gravity supply delivered by the ditches. These com- 
panies have kindly furnished records of the amount of water pumped 
monthly, as indicated by pump displacement, to the Geological 
Survey. 

Monthly summary of water pumped by the Maui Agricultural Co. at Paia, Maui, for 

1910-11. 



Month. 



Mean quantity 
pumped daily. 



Million 
gallons. 



Second- 



Total quantity 
pumped. 



Million 
gallons. 



Acre-feet. 



January 

February . . 

March , 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November . 
December . . 



The year. 



January 

February.. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December . . 



The year. 



0.0 

.0 

.30 

.0 

.0 

.0 

3.12 

3.21 

20.4 

11.0 

10.3 

.0 



.0 

.0 

.0 

.68 

.0 

.0 

8.35 

20.1 

10.4 

6.32 

4.83 

.0 



0.0 

.0 

.46 

.0 

.0 

.0 

4.83 

4.97 

31.6 

17.0 

16.0 

.0 



0.0 
.0 
9.3 
.0 
.0 
.0 
96.9 
99.5 
613 
340 
310 
.0 



1,470 



.0 

.0 

.0 

1.06 

.0 

.0 

12.9 

31.2 

16.1 

9.79 

7.48 

.0 



.0 
.0 
.0 
20.3 
.0 
.0 

259 

624 

312 

196 

145 
.0 



1,560 



0.0 
.0 
28.6 
.0 
.0 
.0 
297 
305 
1,880 
1,040 
951 
.0 



4,500 



.0 
.0 
.0 
62.4 
.0 
.0 

795 
1,920 

957 

602 

445 
.0 



4.780 



Note. — The above summary has been compiled by the Geological Survey from records furnished by 
the Maui Agricultural Co. It represents the amount of underground water raised by six pumps, four of 
which are located at Paia and two in Maliko Golch, near Haiku. The measurements were obtained by 
means of pump displacement. 



332 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Monthly summary of water pumped by the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. at Puunene, 

Maui, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



January 

February. . 

March 

April , 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



The year. 



January.. 
February. 

March 

April 



June 

July 

August 

September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



The year. 



Mean quantity 
pumped daily. 



Million 
gallons. 



0.46 

.00 

4.48 

.00 

6.42 

7.07 

39.0 

43.5 

70.3 

65.5 

64.3 

.00 



.00 
.00 
1.14 
3.77 
2.66 
8.60 
41.0 
75.2 
60.0 
54.5 
50.0 
.00 



Second- 
feet. 



0.71 
.00 
6.95 
.00 
9.94 
10.9 
60.0 
67.4 
109 
101 
99.5 
.00 



.00 
.00 
1.77 
5.83 
4.12 
13.3 
63.5 
116 
93.0 
84.4 
77.5 
.00 



Total quantity 
pumped. 



Million 
gallons. 



14.2 
.0 
139 

.0 
199 
212 
1,210 
1,350 
2,110 
2,030 
1,930 



9,190 



.0 
.0 
35.4 
113 

82.4 
258 
1,270 
2,330 
1,800 
1,690 
1,500 
.0 



Acre-feet. 



43.6 
.0 
427 
.0 

611 

651 
3,710 
4,140 
6,480 
6,230 
5,920 



28, 200 



109 

347 
253 
792 
3,900 
7,150 
5,520 
5,190 
4,600 



Note. — The above summary has been compiled by the Geological Survey from records furnished by 
the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar C!o. It represents the amount of underground water raised by 11 steam 
pumps, several of which were only worting for short periods. The measurements were obtained by means 
of pump displacement. 

ISLAND OF HAWAII. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

The island of Hawaii is situated at the southeastern end of the 
group. It is separated from Maui on the northwest by Alenuihaha 
Channel, 26 miles wide. Keahole Point, the westernmost part of 
Hawaii, is about 70 miles due south from Hana at the east end of 
Maui. Mahukona on the northwest is the landing nearest Honolulu, 
and distant 134 miles. Hilo, the largest town and principal port, is 
206 miles from Honolulu by the nearest sailing route. (See PI. XV, 
at end of volume.) 

In shape Hawaii is approximately triangular, the vertices being 
at the north, east, and south. The western side is about 90 miles 
long, the northeastern about 85 miles, and the southeastern about 75 
miles. The total area of the island is 4,015 square miles. This is 
more than twice the combined area of Maui, Oahu, and Kauai, and is 
62.7 per cent of the total area of the group. The island is somewhat 
smaller than Connecticut and considerably larger than Porto Rico. 



rSLAJSD OF HAW AIL 333 

Hawaii Island has been formed by the coalescence of four large 
volcanoes, namely, Kohala, Mauna Kea, Hualalai, and Mauna Loa. 
The first three are extinct, but Mauna Loa has two active craters, 
Mokuaweoweo at the summit and Kilauea on the side. These 
four mountains are situated at the corners of a parallelogram, the 
sides of which are about 25 miles. 

The Kohala Mountains, at the northern angle of the parallelogram, 
were the first formed. They are probably as old as West Maui and 
doubtless formed an island of about the same size. The north- 
eastern base originally extended several miles farther out to sea, as 
indicated by the chffs along the northern coast which are 800 to 
1,000 feet high and appear to have been caused by marine erosion 
almost entirely. This coast is also deeply dissected by canyons, one 
of which, Waipio, extends southward 4 or 5 miles into 'the mountain, 
thence westward several miles farther toward the summit. Waimanu 
is another large but short canyon, which has almost cut through into 
Waipio behind it. Other important gulches or canyons farther west 
are Awini, Honokane, and Pololu, the largest of which is Honokane. 
Horse trails extend westward to Waimanu and eastward to Awini. 
Between these two canyons the northern coast of Kohola ?s impas- 
sable. The summit of the mountain appears to consist of a group of 
cinder cones and is 5,490 feet above the sea. 

The rainfall is exceedingly heavy on the northeastern slope, 363 
inches being recorded in the upper Waipio Valley at elevation 4,080 
feet during 1911. The amount diminishes toward the north and west 
to 200 inches at Honokane and 45 or 50 inches on the extreme north 
near Mahukona. On the leeward side the region is semiarid below 
elevation 1,500 feet. At higher elevations there are occasional rains 
but the water quickly disappears. 

Waipio River is the largest stream in this part of the island. It has 
been partly developed for irrigation by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. 
Farther north Awini, Honokane, and Pololu streams furnish the sup- 
ply for the Kohala ditch. This ditch carries the water west to the 
cane lands of Kohala. Between Waipio and Awini there are numer- 
ous gulches carrying water, the largest being Waimanu, with a low- 
water flow of about 50 second-feet. Niulii and a few other short 
streams appear to the west of Pololu. These are all small and are 
diverted by the plantations for irrigation. To the west and south of 
Kohala there are no running streams, the storm waters running off 
so quickly that for the greater part of the year the gulches are dry. 

Mauna Kea (white mountain) is the second oldest mountain on the 
island. It is at the east corner of the parallelogram formed by the 
four mountain masses and is only about 18 miles from the northeast 
coast. In order of extinction it is probably next after Haleakala, on 
East Maui, but, unhke Haleakala, it has no crater on the summit. 



334 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 

Its highest point is 13,825 feet above sea level, making it not only 
the highest mountain in Hawaii but the highest island mountain in 
the world. The northeastern base probably extended several miles 
farther seaward at one time, as indicated by the cliffs, which are high 
and precipitous. On the eastern slope are numerous gulches, some 
of which, such as Hakalau, Maulua, and Laupahoehoe, are large, 
but none of which extend back very far from the sea. The upper 
(windward) side (north and east) of the mountain has been affected 
but little by erosion, and the lee side exhibits little evidence of 
weathering. 

The region of greatest rainfall is on the eastern slope and at eleva- 
tion from 2,000 to 2,500 feet. The available records for that eleva- 
tion indicate a rainfall of about 300 inches a year. A large number of 
streams rise in the forest on the eastern slope below 6,000 feet eleva- 
tion. Wailuku River (PI. IX, A), on the south, is the largest, with 
Honolii (PI. IX, B) next in size. Waipahoehoe, Hanawai, Kawainui, 
and other streams to the number of 60 enter the sea between Hilo 
and Laupahoehoe. Some of the largest gulches, Uke Kolekole and 
Maulua, have but a small surface flow near the sea, much of the water 
disappearing in the coarse alluvial deposits. From Laupahoehoe 
northward the streams are intermittent, most of them being dry for 
the greater part of the year. 

Hualalai, at the west corner of the parallelogram of mountains, is 
much younger than Mauna Kea; it is also much smaller. Its slopes, 
unbroken by cliffs or gulches, are gentle near the sea but steep higher 
up. Lava last flowed from this mountain in 1801 on the northwest 
side. There is no crater on the summit. 

The rainfall is light on the slopes of Hualalai, as the moisture-laden 
trade winds are shut off by Mauna Kea on the northeast. The avail- 
able records show an amount varying from 25 to 60 inches a year. 
There are no running streams on this side of the island. 

Mauna Loa (great or long mountain) is sUghtly south of the center 
of the island and embraces with its slopes the entire southern half of 
Hawaii. The summit platform, comprising several square miles, 
lie's at an altitude of 13,675 feet and surrounds the crater of Mokua- 
weoweo. The crater is 3.7 miles long, 1.74 miles wide, 9.5 miles in 
circumference, and 3.70 square miles in area. The lava lake in the 
lower part of the crater is active only at times, its activity always 
preceding an outburst from the side of the mountain. Nine lava 
flows from the flanks of Mauna Loa have occurred during the last 100 
years. 

Kdlauea, the largest active crater in the world, is on the south- 
eastern slope of Mauna Loa. It is a huge pit, 2.93 miles long, 1.95 
miles wide, 7.85 miles in circumference, and 4.14 square miles in 
area. The outer rim of the crater reaches an altitude of 3,970 feet 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 313 PLATE IX 




A. WAILUKU RIVER AT 2,500 FEET ELEVATION NEAR HILO, HAWAII. 




B. HONOLII RIVER AT KAIWIKI, NEAR HILO, HAWAI 
TYPICAL MOUNTAIN STREAMS. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 335 

on the nortli side, dropping to 3,500 feet on the floor of the crater 
below. On the southwest the side walls are broken away, giving 
east access to the flow of the crater and the pit of Halemaumau, or 
lake of fire. Here one may stand on the edge of the pit and see the 
molten lava boiling and spouting at a distance of from 100 to 300 
feet below. The level of the lake varies according to its activity, at 
times rising nearly to the rim. At ordinary stages it is about 500 
feet long by 300 feet wide. 

Kilauea is a volcano of the cauldron type and has never been 
known to have an explosive eruption. 

The formation of this part of the island is still too recent for many 
geologic changes to have taken place. Many of the lava flows still 
remain black and barren wastes. (See PI. VIII, B.) At other places 
where there has been sufficient rainfall the lava has been disintegrated 
and a luxuriant vegetation has sprung up. There are no surface streams 
on this part of Hawaii, as, owing to the extremely open and porous 
nature of the surface covering, the water immediately disappears. 
Numerous springs appear at low elevations along the south coast, 
some of the largest being at Punaluu. The Punaluu Springs appear 
at the edge of the sea and are submerged at high tide. The flow of 
these springs is about 30 or 40 second-feet. 

At Kapoho, on the east point of the island, warm water flows from 
Beams in the rocks. These ''warm springs" flow into a pool about 
100 feet long, 25 feet wide, and 20 feet deep. The pool is entirely 
surrounded by rocks and its color varies in shade from a beautiful 
blue to violet. As sea water mingles with the water from the springs, 
the pool is brackish. 

Waiapele, or Green Lake, is a body of fresh water in the pit of an 
old crater near Kapoho. The lake covers an area of about 5 acres 
and is fed by springs below the surface. The dull green color of the 
lake is probably due to reflection from the sides of the pit, which are 
covered with guava bushes and pahala and coconut trees. A pump- 
ing plant takes water from this lake for domestic uses and for irriga- 
tion. 

At several places along the coast springs appear below the surface 
of the sea, and from some of these drinking water can be obtained. 

As the only surface streams on the island of Hawaii are found along 
the northeast coast between Hilo and Kohala in the districts of 
North and South Hilo, Hamakua, and North Kohala, they have been 
considered in three groups, namely, the Hilo group, the Hamakua 
group, and the Kohala group. 

The streams are considered in order from southeast to northwest. 



336 WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAH. 

HILO GROUP OF STREAMS. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

The Hilo group of streams drains the eastern slope of Mauna Kea 
from Hilo north to Laupahoehoe and is included in the two political 
districts of North Hilo and South Hilo. Along the coast there is a 
belt of cane from 2 to 4 miles wide, the upper level being 1,200 to 
2,000 feet above the sea. Back of the cane belt there is a thick, 
heavy forest of ohia lehua and koa (Acacia Icoa), and a dense under- 
growth of many species of fern, ieie, and various kinds of trees and 
plants. This jungle is practically impenetrable until a trail has been 
cut through and then can be traversed only on foot. The forest is 
heaviest and thickest at 2,000 to 2,500 feet elevation, and grad- 
ually thins above that to the upper edge at 6,000 or 7,000 feet 
above the sea, where it disappears. Above the forest there are 
grazing lands and sheep ranches reaching to 8,000 or 9,000 feet 
elevation, beyond which there is httle vegetation. 

The rainfall is heaviest in the forest at 2,000 to 2,500 feet 
elevation, where it probably averages 300 inches a year, although in 
places at lower elevations it may exceed this amount, 360 inches 
being recorded at elevation 1,200 feet above Hakalau in 1911. 

Numerous streams rise in the forest, many of them at the lower 
elevations. The largest stream is Wailuku River on the south, and 
that probably is not more than 20 miles long. A number of the 
streams which appear along the public road near the shore do not 
reach beyond the cane belt. Near the sea, the larger streams flow 
in deep gulches, some of which extend far back into the forest. 
None of the streams, however, appear above the forest belt except 
intermittently. 

In general the slope of the country is steep, but it flattens out in 
places into level areas which in the forest are swampy and saturated 
with water. Little is known of the topography above the cane belt. 
At the lower elevations the ground is broken and uneven and cut 
up by numerous gulches. 

Measurements have been made on all the streams along the line 
of the public road, and regular gaging stations established on the 
Wailuku, Honolii, and Kawainui rivers. During the latter part of 
1911 gages were established and measurements made at an eleva- 
tion of about 2,500 feet at 87 stations on the streams between and 
including Wailuku and Kawainui rivers. 

Various miscellaneous measurements were made at other points. 



ISLAND OF HAWAH. 337 

WAILUKU RIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

Wailuku River, the most southerly stream in this group, is the 
largest stream on the island and also the largest in the Territory. It 
rises on the southeastern slope of Mauna Kea, in the upper edge of 
the forest, and flows eastward to the sea at Hilo. Numerous tribu- 
taries enter the main stream, all from the north; at elevation 2,500 
feet the Wailuku has 48 different branches, many of them small at 
ordinary stages. The Kapehu and the Awehi, the two principal 
tributaries, join the main stream some distance below the forest line. 
The channels are all exceedingly rough and broken, especially that 
of the main stream on the south (PI. IX, A), which probably origi- 
nated in a lava tube. It is just north of the lava flow of 1855 which 
reached almost to Hilo and filled several stream channels formerly 
existing. Wainuenue, or Rainbow Falls, n«ar Hilo is but one of 
several large waterfalls on the stream. Water is diverted at about 
1,000 feet elevation for fluming, and at 350 feet elevation for an 
electric power plant. 

A gaging station is maintained on the river below all tributaries. 

WAILUKU RIVER NEAR HILO, HAWAII. 

A gaging station was established on Wailuku River about one- 
fourth mile above Rainbow FaUs and 2 miles from Hilo, March 21, 
1911. The station is a short distance above the intake of the power 
canal of the Hilo Electric Light Co., which takes out on the north 
side. This diversion is made directly from the stream channel without 
the use of a diversion dam other than the natural rocks of the stream 
bed, except that at times of extreme low water a temporary dam of 
sand bags may be constructed. At such times water may be set back 
far enough to affect the gage heights at the station. With this excep- 
tion the conditions at the station are good. 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot from 4 to 17 feet, is 
fastened to rocks on the south bank and is used to obtain gage 
heights. This gage was read twice daily until June 21. At that 
time a Gurley automatic water-stage register was installed and used 
to obtain gage heights during the remainder of the year. 

Measurements are made from a cable 120 feet below the gage. 
The width of the stream at the measuring section is about 50 feet at 
low water and 125 feet at the highest stage. The total range of 
stage is probably as much as 18 feet. 

The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the stream 
below all tributaries and above all diversions except for compara- 
tively small quantities diverted above for fluming cane. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 22 



338 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 

Discharge measurements of Wailuku River near HUo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
heignt. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 5 
9 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
60.5 
60.5 
56 

55.5 
56 
56 
51 

51.5 
51 
51 
51 
58 
64 
84 
63 
60 


Sq.ft. 
310 
298 
219 
208 
213 
203 
179 
143 
145 
142 
146 
266 
349 
691 
319 
281 


Feet. 
7.28 
7.10 
5.82 
5.65 
5.75 
5.50 
5.10 
4.53 
4.43 
4.35 
4.37 
6.60 
7.90 

12.5 
7.34 
6.65 


Sec.-ft. 
498 


do 


448 


18 


H. R. Schulz 


188 


19 


do 


167 


20 


. .do 


178 


22 


do 


157 


25 


.do 


108 


Aug. 7 
8 


C. H. Pierce 


53 


. .do 


50 


12 


do 


44 


14 


.do 


46 


Nov 18 


do 


320 


20 


do 


702 


23 


do 


3,540 


27 


do 


.536 


29 




352 









Note. — All measurements made from cable at regular section. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Wailuku River near Hilo, Hawaii, for 1911. 
[Manuel De Mello and H. C. Cressman, observers.) 



Day. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




7.70 
6.70 
8.20 
6.81 
6.47 

7.30 
6.60 
6.40 
6.35 
5.96 

5.80 
5.77 
5.75 
5.50 
5.32 

5.25 
7.40 
7.35 
7.50 
6.65 

6.72 
12.30 
14.05 
10.05 
13.15 

11.15 
9.80 
9.70 
8.90 
8.10 


9.65 
8.60 
8.45 
7.60 
7.40 

7.32 
7.10 
6.45 
7.45 
8.20 

8.90 
8.80 
7.90 
7.65 
7.70 

9.35 
10.15 

8.95 
8.55 
8.37 

8.15 
9.25 
8.35 

7.85 
7.35 

6.90 
6.65 
6.47 
6.80 
6.85 
6.60 


6.55 
6.30 
6.34 
7.90 
9.15 

8.10 
10.10 
10.55 
9.80 
8.65 

7.95 
7.32 
6.95 
6.85 
6.75 

6.55 
6.48 
6.38 
6.52 
6.41 

6.38 
6.54 
6.23 
6.05 
6.10 

6.60 
6.43 
6.13 
6.05 
6.28 


6.65 
6.84 
7.52 
7.44 
7.37 

6.79 
6.79 
6.75 
6.95 
6.74 

6.54 
6.43 
6.23 
6.05 
6.54 

6.67 
6.06 
5.82 
5.65 
5.75 

5.62 
5.50 
5.36 
5.23 
5.10 

5.05 
5.00 
4.95 
4.90 
4.85 
4.80 


4.75 
4.72 
4.70 
4.65 
4.58 

4.50 
4.52 
4.42 
4.40 
4.38 

4.28 
4.34 
4.44 
4.35 
4.35 

4.40 
4.86 
4.75 
7.58 
6.66 

5.69 
5.34 
5.22 
5.44 
6.24 

5.82 
5.48 
5.68 
8.48 
14.23 
9.09 


7.61 
6.97 
6.57 
7.17 
6.52 

6.26 
6.38 
7.09 
6.83 
6.39 

11.40 
9.24 
7.66 
7.42 
7.98 

7.51 
7.09 
8.15 
7.14 
6.74 

6.44 
7.03 
9.00 
9.62 
8.78 

8.38 
8.36 
9.54 
8.96 
10.03 


10. 26 
9.97 
9.68 
9.39 
9.10 

8.81 
8.52 
8.23 
7.94 
7.65 

7.36 
7.07 
6.78 
6.49 
6.80 

6.49 
6.57 
6.18 
5.98 
5.73 

5.65 
5.56 
5.48 
5.39 
5.31 

5.22 
5.14 
5.05 
4.97 
4.94 
4.90 


4.85 
4.78 
4.98 
5.23 
5.53 

5.83 
6.13 
6.44 
6.68 
6.68 

6.67 
6.66 
6.65 
6.64 
6.63 

6.62 
6.61 
6.60 
7.35 
8.10 

8.85 
9.60 
10.35 
11.10 
10.83 

7.85 
7.35 
6.93 
6.64 
6.28 


5.88 


2 




5.65 


3 




5.52 


4 




5.45 


5 




5.38 


6 




5.26 






5.54 


8 




5.88 


9 




5.77 


10 




5.67 


11 




5.56 


12 




6.65 


13 




7.82 


14 





8.40 


15 




8.40 


16 




8.40 


17 




8.40 


18 




8.24 


19 




8.08 


20 




7.92 


21 


6.10 
5.91 
6.02 
5.90 
5.55 

7.45 
9.15 
7.25 
6.55 
6.35 
6.60 


7.76 


22 


7.60 


23 


6.70 


24 


6.46 


25 


7.44 


26 


6.80 


27 


6.46 


28 


7.01 


29 


7.41 


30 


6.74 


31 


6.78 







Note.— From Mar. 21 to June 21 a staff gage was read morning and evening. After June 21 a Gurley 
automatic water-stage register was used. Gage heights were interpolated as follows: July 26 to Aug. 2r 
Oct. 2 to 13; Nov. 5 to 7, 10 to 17, and 19 to 24; Dec. 18 to 21 and 23 to 31. 



ISLAND OP HAWAII. 



339 



GAGE HEIGHT IN FEET 




340 



WATEE KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Wailuku Ri/oer near Hilo, Hawaii, for 1911. 



Day. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May. 



June. 



July. 



Ang. 



Sept. 



Oct. 



Nov. 



Dec. 



2 




3 




4 




5 




6 




7 




8 




9 




10 




11 








13 








15 




16 








18 




19 




20 




21 


234 




205 


23 


221 


24 


203 


25 


158 


26 


552 


27 


1,210 
492 


28 


29 


318 


30 


279 


31 


329 



633 
351 
811 
376 
302 

507 
329 
288 
279 
212 

189 
185 
182 
152 
132 

125 
537 
522 
568 
340 

355 
3,350 
5,100 
1,680 
4,150 

2,400 
1,540 
1,490 
1,090 
774 



1,460 
969 
908 
600 
537 

513 
450 
298 
552 
811 

1,090 

1,050 

702 

616 

633 

1,310 
1,740 
1,120 



792 

1,260 

869 



398 
340 
302 
374 
386 
329 



318 
269 
276 
702 
1,210 

774 
1,710 
1,980 
1,540 



720 
513 
410 
386 
362 

318 
304 
285 
312 
290 

285 
316 
256 
226 
234 

329 
294 
239 
226 
265 



340 
384 
574 
550 
528 

372 
372 
362 
410 
360 

316 
294 
256 
226 
316 

344 
228 
192 
170 
182 

166 
152 
137 
122 
108 

103 

98 
93 
88 
84 
79 



75 
72 
70 
66 
61 

55 
56 
49 
48 
47 

41 
44 
51 
45 
45 

48 

84 

75 

594 

342 

175 
134 
121 
145 
258 

192 
150 
174 
920 
5,310 
1,180 



603 
416 
323 
470 
312 

262 
284 
447 
381 
286 

2,600 

1,260 

620 

543 

731 

571 
447 

792 
461 
361 

296 

432 

1,140 

1,450 

1,040 



873 
1,410 
1,120 
1,670 



1,810 
1,630 
1,480 
1,330 
1,190 

1,050 
936 
823 
716 
616 

525 
442 
369 
306 
374 

306 
323 
248 
215 
180 

170 
159 
150 
140 
131 

121 
112 
103 
95 
92 



84 
77 
96 
122 
156 

193 
239 
296 
346 
346 

344 
342 
340 
338 
336 

333 
331 
329 
522 
774 

1,070 
1,440 
1,860 
2,360 
2,160 

685 
522 
405 
338 
265 



200 
170 
154 
146 
139 

126 
157 
200 
185 
172 

159 
318 
674 



826 
767 
709 

653 
600 
350 
300 
650 

375 
300 
425 
540 
360 
370 



Note.— Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is well defined below 4,000 second-feet. 
Monthly discharge of Wailuku River near Eilo, Hawaii, for Mar. 21-Dec. 31, 1911. 



Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Rim-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 


Accu- 


Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


racy. 


March 21-31 


1,210 
5,100 
1,740 
1,980 

574 
5,310 
2,600 
1,800 
2,350 

888 


158 

125 

298 

226 

79 

41 

262 

88 

77 

126 


382 
965 
756 
545 
258 
346 
749 
524 
568 
435 


8,330 
57,400 
46, 500 
32,400 
15,900 
21,300 
44,600 
32, 200 
33,800 
26,700 


A. 


April 


A. 


May 


A. 


Jtme 


A. 


July 


A. 


August 


A. 




A. 


October 


C. 




D. 


December 


D, 














319,000 















HONOLII RIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATTTRES. 

Honolii River is the second largest stream in the HUo group. The 
upper end of the basin joins that of the Wailuku River on the south- 
eastern slope of Mauna Kea without any perceptible divide between 
tihe two. At elevation about 1,500 feet a large tributary called the 
Pohakupaa joins Honolii River from the north. Farther down, and 
just before it enters the sea, the Honolii receives two large tributaries 
from the south, the Kikola and the MaiU. The Kikola is short, and 



ISLAND OP HAW AH. 



341 



does not reach back into the forest ; the Maili is much larger than the 
Kikola and, as it has a well-defined gulch quite independent of the 
Honolii, it is not generally considered as a part of the Honolii drain- 
age basin. Several other smaller streams enter the sea between the 
Honolii and WaUuku basins. 

There are several small diversions from Honolii River, the water 
being used for domestic purposes on the plantations, and for fluming 
cane. The highest and perhaps largest diversion is from the north 
fork or Pohakupaa Stream, far inside the forest line. 

The Honolii is one of the deep gulches and extends far back into 
the forest (PI, EK, B) . Near the sea, where it is crossed by the rail- 
road and the public highway, it is one of the most picturesque spots 
along the coast. 

A gaging station has been established on the main stream at about 
1,425 feet elevation. 

HONOLII RIV£R AT KAIWIKI, NEAR HILO, HAW AH. 

A gaging station was established on Honolii River at elevation 
about 1,425 feet, June 1, 1911, The station is a short distance below 
the confluence of the Pohakupaa with the south branch or main 
Honolii stream. This point is well inside the forest line, although the 
Kaiwiki' homestead tract, on which some clearing has been made, 
extends farther back on the south, 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of a foot from 4.0 to 11.8 feet, is 
bolted to a rock on the north bank and is used to obtain gage heights. 
A continuous record is obtained by means of a Barrett & Lawrence 
34-day hydro-chronograph. (See fig. 4, p. 343.) 

Measurements are made from a wire footbridge about 40 feet below 
the gage. The channel is exceedingly rough, although it has been 
improved by blasting so that fairly good results are obtainable. 

A small ditch on the north side takes out of the Pohakupaa Stream 
about one-fourth mile above the station. With the exception of that 
diversion the discharge at this station gives the total flow of Honolii 
River at 1,425 feet elevation. 

Discharge measurements of Honolii River at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 11 


H. R. Schulz 


Feet. 
61.5 
62.0 
61.5 
63.0 
58.0 
19.2 
62.0 
62.0 


Sq.ft. 
88 
87 
78 
112 
60 
13 
118 
130 


Feet. 
5.72 
5.52 
5.40 
6.00 
5.20 
5.00 
6.10 
0.30 


Sec.-ft. 
100 


14 


do 


79 


15 


do 


63 


16 


do 


160 


Oct. 23 


C.H.Pierce 


27 9 


Nov. 1 o 


do 


10.4 


7 


do 


176 


17 


do 


236 









■ Measurements made by wading aboot 200 feet above gage. 
Note.— All measurements made from foot bridge at regular section except as noted. 



342 



WATER RESOUBCES OF HAW AH. 



Daily gage height, injeet, of Honolii River at KaiwHd, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


5.50 
5.40 
5.62 
6.25 
7.10 

6.10 
6.80 
7.50 
7.00 
6.42 

6.00 
5.65 
5.65 
5.65 
6.65 

5.55 
5.65 
5.65 
5.65 
6.48 

5.55 
5.58 
5.58 
5.45 
5.52 

6.09 
5.79 
5.60 
5.52 
5.64 


5.76 
6.12 
6.80 
6.20 
6.20 

5.72 
5.90 
5.90 
6.32 
6.92 

5.71 
5.68 
5.58 
6.55 
6.70 

6.00 
5.65 
5.48 
6.40 
5.45 

6.42 
6.35 
5.38 
5.25 
5.20 

5.15 
5.12 
5.10 
5.08 
5.12 
6.08 


5.05 
5.02 
5.10 
5.10 

........ 



4.95 
4.98 
5.00 
5.00 
5.05 

5.12 
5.48 
5.35 
9.65 
5.98 

5.45 
5.30 
5.22 
6.35 
5.95 

6.50 
5.30 
5.46 
7.70 
9.25 
6.48 


5.70 
5.50 
5.60 
6.30 
5.67 

5.54 
5.70 
6.40 
6.00 
5.60 

9.00 
6.75 
5.82 
5.88 
6.40 

6.00 
6.70 
6.50 
5.70 
5.45 

6.35 
5.98 
7.50 
7.20 
6.44 

6.40 
6.30 
6.35 
6.00 
6.50 


7.40 
6.15 
6.35 
7.80 
6.35 

6.98 
6.25 
6.45 
6.00 
5.85 

5.65 
5.50 
5.40 
5.33 
5.70 

5.58 
5.65 
5.40 
5.30 
5.25 

5.20 
5.18 
5.17 
5.15 
6.13 

5.12 
5.09 
5.08 
5.07 
6.05 
5.03 


5.00 
5.00 
5.10 
5.20 
5.33 

6.90 
6.00 
5.92 
5.95 
5.55 

5.38 
5.30 
5.45 
5.55 
6.30 

5.62 
6.10 
6.29 
7.60 
6.15 

7.70 
7.75 
8.20 
7.70 
6.25 
6.72 
5.50 
5.40 
5.36 
6.25 


5.27 


2 


5.22 


3 


5.20 


4 


5.17 


5 


6.16 


6 


5.15 


7 


6.14 


8 


5.36 


9 


5.64 


10 


5.45 


11 


5.40 


12 


5.33 


13 


6.05 


14 


7.35 




8.50 




8.00 


17 


7.60 




7.20 


19 . . . 


7.05 




7.15 


21 


6.15 




6.68 


23 


6.62 


24 


6.50 




• 6.50 


26 


5.63 


27 , 


6.50 




6.00 


29 


6.40 


30 


5.58 


31 


5.60 









Note. — A Barrett & Lawrence 34-day hydro-chronograph was installed Aug. 27. Prior to that date 
gage heights were obtained from daily reading of stafi gage. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Honolii River at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 1911. 



Day. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


70 

56 

87 

222 

480 

182 
380 
630 
445 

268 

158 
92 
92 
77 
92 

77 
92 
92 
92 
67 

77 
154 
81 
63 
73 

180 
115 
84 
73 
90 


110 

187 
380 
208 
208 

103 
136 
136 
240 
140 

102 
97 
81 
77 

349 

158 
92 
67 
56 
63 

59 
60 
63 
37 
31 

26 
22 
20 
18 
22 
18 


15 
12 
20 
20 

18 

16 
15 
14 
12 
10 

8.0 
9.0 

10 

10 

15 

22 

67 

50 

1,710 

154 

63 
43 
33 
50 

147 

70 

43 

64 

711 

1,470 

284 


100 
70 
84 

235 
95 

76 
100 
262 
158 

84 

1,320 
365 
121 
132 
262 

158 
100 
290 

leo 

63 

50 
154 
630 
516 
273 

262 
235 
248 
158 
290 


591 
195 
248 
753 
248 

154 
222 
276 
158 
126 

92 
70 
56 
47 
100 

81 
92 
56 
43 
37 

31 
29 
28 
26 
23 

22 
19 
18 
17 
15 
13 


10 
10 
20 
31 

47 

136 
158 
140 
147 

77 

53 
43 
63 

77 
235 

87 
182 
232 
670 
195 

711 
732 
929 
711 
222 

103 
70 
56 
50 
37 


39 


2 


33 


3 


31 


4 


28 


5 


27 


6 


26 


7 


24 


8 


60 


9 


76 


10 


63 


11 


56 


12 


47 


13 


170 


14 


672 


15 


1,070 


16 


840 


17 


670 


18 


616 


19 


462 


20 


498 


21 


195 


22 


97 


23 


73 


24 


70 


25 


290 


26 


89 


27 


70 


28 


158 


29 


262 


30 


81 


31 


84 









Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve well defined below 300 second-feet. Discharge 
interpolated for the period Aug. 5 to 10; there was no rain during this period, and the stream was steadily 
falling. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



343 



Gage height in feet 




344 



WATER RESOURCES OP HAW AH. 



Monthly discharge of Honolii River at Kaiwiki, near Eilo, Hawaii, for June 1-Dec. SI, 

1911. 



June 

July 

August 

September. 
October. . . 
November. 
December., 



Month. 



The period . 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



630 

380 

1,710 

1,320 

753 

929 

1,070 



158 
108 
167 
233 
125 
208 
218 



Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



9,400 
6,640 
10,300 
13,900 
7,690 
12,400 
13,400 



73,700 



Accu- 
racy. 



HONOLII DITCH AT KAIWIKI. NEAR HILO, HAWAII. 

Honolii ditch diverts water from the north side of Pohakupaa 
Stream at elevation about 1,500 feet. The water is used for fluming 
cane on the plantation of the Onomea Sugar Co. and also for a do- 
mestic supply. 

A staff gage was established in a flume about one-fourth mile below 
the intake in June, 1911. As no gage reader was available at this 
place an attampt was made to obtain the relation between gage 
heights on the ditch and on the Honolii River below as given by the 
clock register. There are no headgates at the diversion for artificial 
regulation of the flow, but owing to shifting of gravel and bowlders 
at high water no permanent relation between the two gages could be 
obtained. The maximum capacity of the ditch at the flume is 4.3 
second-feet, and the average daily discharge from June 1 to December 
31, 1911, was about 3.2 second-feet, as given by the comparative 
rating. 

Discharge Tneasuxerrnents of Honolii ditch at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


July 16 


H. R. Schulz 


Feet. 
2.3 
2.3 


Sq.ft. 
2.07 
0.76 


Feet. 
1.10 
0.60 


Sec.-ft. 
4.25 


Oct. 23 


0. H. Pierce 


0.97 









Note. — Zero flow is at gage height 0.22. Measurements made in flume near the gage. 

KAWAINUI RIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

The upper end of this basin lies between Kolekole on the north and 
Waipahoehoe on the south, with both of which it merges on the 
eastern slope of Mauna Kea. Near the sea other gulches appear, 
Waiaama being next on the north and Onomea on the south. In the 
forest at 2,500 feet elevation there are found two large forks of the 
Kawainui Stream and numerous smaller tributaries. These all unite 
at some distance above the cane belt, forming Kawainui River, which 
is the third stream in size in the Hilo group. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



345 



EAWAINUI RIVER AT KAWAINUI, NEAR PEPEEKEO, HAWAII. 

A gaging station was established on Kawainui River at the highway 
bridge about one-half mile south of the railroad station at Kawainui, 
December 4, 1911. The station is about 100 feet below the end of the 
tunnel which carries the stream through the railroad embankment. 
A staff gage graduated to tenths of a foot and fastened to the north 
abutment of the bridge is used for obtaining gage heights. Low- 
water measurements are made by wading, and high-water measure- 
ments from the bridge. 

The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the stream ex- 
cept for small diversions above for fluming cane (PI. X, A). 

Discharge measurements of Kawainui River at Kawainui, near Pepeekeo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Feb. 21 


Pierce and Schulz 


Feet. 
22.3 
28. 
26.5 


Sq.ft. 
32.9 
36.1 
32.0 


Feet. 

"2. 08' 
1.95 


Sec.-ft. 
56 


Mar 24 


H. R. Schulz 


80 


Nov. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


67 









Note. — A low-water measurement obtained early in 1912 was used in determining the rating. The 
measurements were made by wading at various sections. 

Daily gage height, in feet, of Kawainui River at Kawainui, near Pepeekeo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[Matsuna, observer.] 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 




11 


1.60 
1.65 
1.80 
4.10 
4.40 

3.55 
3.50 
3.25 
3.60 
3.35 


21 


2.45 


2 




12 


22 


2.35 


3 




13 


23 


2.10 


4 


1.50 
1.50 

1.50 
1.50 
1.70 
1.70 
1.60 


14 


24 


1.80 


5 


15 


25.. . .. :.: 


2.55 


6 


16 


26 


2.00 


7.. 


17 


27.. 


1.70 


8 


18 


28 


1.90 


9 


19 


29 


2.40 


10 


20 


30 


2.00 






31 


2.60 









Daily discharge, in second-feet, at Kawainui River at Kawainui, near Pepeekeo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 



Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Dec. 


1 




11.. 


47 
50 
59 
264 
294 

209 
204 
179 
214 
189 


21.. 


106 


2 




la. 


22 


98 


3 




13.. 


23 . 


79 


4 


42 
42 

42 

42 
53 
53 

47 


14 


24 


59 


5 


15 


25.. 


114 


6 


16 


26 


72 


7 


17.. 


27.. 


53 


8 


18 


28 


65 


9 


19.. 


29.. 


102 


10 


20 


30 


72 






31 


119 









Note. — Daily discharge computed from a rating curve that is poorly defined. 



346 WATEE RESOURCES OP HAWAH. 

STATIONS AT 2,500-FOOT ELEVATION IN THE FOREST BACK OF HILO, 

HAWAII. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

On account of the large quantity of water in the Hilo region and 
the comparatively arid conditions on the south side of the island it 
has been proposed to intercept the streams in the forest back of 
Hilo at approximately 2,500 feet above sea level and carry this 
water around the southeast end of the island for irrigation in the 
Kau district. In order to determine approximately the amount of 
water available at the 2,500-foot level, stations were put in on all 
streams from Wailuku River on the south northward as far as the 
north fork of Kawainui Stream. The stations, 81 in number, are 
on the 2,500-foot contour ^ as determined by aneroid, and cover a 
distance of 12 or 15 miles by trail. Staff gages were established on 
all the streams and frequent readings obtained during September, 
October, November, and December, 1911. 

These stations are in a section of the country which is very diffi- 
cult to reach. Above the cane belt it is impossible to travel except 
on foot. The main camp was established near the center of the line 
of stations and an effort made to get daily readings by sending men 
out each way to the end of the line. It was impossible, however, to 
get readings every day on account of the fact that all supplies had 
to be packed up by the men from below through several miles of 
forest morass. A line of rain gages was established from sea level up 
to 5,000 feet at intervals of 500 feet difference in elevation in order 
to determine the elevation of maximum rainfall. Daily precipitation 
records were also obtained at the central camp as an aid in deter- 
mining the fluctuation of stream flow. 

Owing to the limited amount of time available and the difficulty 
of getting measurements at high stages, only a few discharge meas- 
urements on each stream were obtained. These give a good idea 
of the amount of water usually carried by the streams, but they are 
not considered sufficient for determining a rating for all stages. 
For this reason no attempt is made to give estimates of daily discharge, 
but for every station is given the list of discharge measurements and 
gage heights obtained during 1911. The stations are numbered 
consecutively from 1 to 87, with the exception that numbers 19 to 
24, inclusive, are not used — that is, stations No. 18 and No. 25 are 
on adjacent streams. The numbering begins with the Wailuku 
River on the south or HUo end as station No. 1. 

1 Accurate determinatioiis made later by topographers of the United States Geological Survey show the 
correct elevations of these stations to be from 200 to 250 feet greater than were indicated by aneroid. The 
correct elevation of the Geological Survey camp at station No. 50 is 2,750 feet 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE X 




A. CANE FLUME AND TRESTLE ACROSS KAWAINUI RIVER. NEAR PEPEEKEO, HAWAII. 




B. WEIR ON NEW HAMAKUA DITCH AT KUKUIHAELE, HAWAII 



ISLAND OF HAW An. 347 

The table showing daily precipitation is given here as an aid for 
making estimates on the days when gage-height readings were not 
obtained. 

COMBINED FLOW. 

A study of the figures for the individual streams as they appear on 
the following pages will show that any stream by itself is quite 
insignificant except at high stages. It is the combined flow of all 
the streams that should be considered. The records obtained up 
to December 31, 1911, are for too short a period to admit of definite 
conclusions in regard to the amount of water available, but by mak- 
ing comparisons with the regular gaging stations on Wailuku and 
Honolii rivers, some idea may be had of the minimum flow to be 
expected. Such comparLsons will have especial value because of 
the fact that 42 of the streams crossed in the forest at an elevation 
of 2,500 feet are tributary to the Wailuku River and 15 are tribu- 
tary to the Honolii River, on both of which stieams regular gaging 
stations are being maintained. 

During the year 1911 there were three low- water periods in the 
Hilo group of streams. The first and lowest stage occurred during July 
and August, the lowest record being obtained on August 11. At this 
time the minimum discharge of Wailuku River at the gaging station 
near Hilo was 41 second-feet and that of Honolii River at the Kaiwiki 
gaging station was 8.0 second-feet. The second low-water period 
was during the last week of October and the first we^ of November, 
when the discharge of Wailuku River dropped to 77 second-feet on 
November 2 and that of Honolii River to 10 second-feet on the same 
date. At the third low stage, which occurred during the first week 
in December, the streams did not fall so low as in November. The 
lowest discharge of Wailuku River at this time was 126 second-feet 
on December 6 and that of Honolii River was 24 second-feet on 
December 7. 

At the end of the dry period of October and November the com- 
bined flow of all the streams at 2,500 feet elevation tributary to 
Wailuku River (stations Nos. 1 to 48) was about 9.5 second-feet, as 
near as can be estimated, and that of the streams from stations 
Nos. 49 to 68 about 9.1 second-feet. Stations Nos. 69 to 87 were 
not in operation at this time, but at the next low-water period, 
during the first week in December, these 19 streams had a combined 
minimum flow of about 19 second-feet. By comparing the discharge 
at the Kaiwiki gaging station on Honolii River for these two periods 
it may be seen that the discharge on November 2 was less than one- 
half that of December 7. As the streams at 2,500 feet elevation 
between stations Nos. 69 and 87 would fall in about the same ratio as 
Honolii River, it is probable that the combined flow of the streams 



348 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

between these two stations was in the neighborhood of 8 second-feet 
on November 2. This would give a total combined flow of all the 
streams from stations Nos. 1 to 87 of approximately 27 second-feet. 
Since the sum of the discharge of Wailuku and Honolii rivers at the 
lowest stage in August was only about one-half that of the low stage 
in November, it is probable that the combined flow of the streams at 
2,500 feet elevation fell considerably below 20 second-feet during 
August, 1911. 

Notwithstanding the fact that low-water periods like the above 
may be expected to occur at times, there can be no doubt but that 
the total run-off at this elevation is large. If it could all be saved 
and put to beneficial use it would be sufficient to satisfy all demands 
that could be made upon it. The drainage area within the forest 
cover that is drained by these streams above elevation 2,500 feet is 
more than 60 square miles, and the mean daily precipitation as deter- 
mined by what records are available is about 0.48 inch.^ This 
would give a daily precipitation cf 1,540 acre-feet within the forested 
area alone. The rainfall at liigher elevations would add materially 
to this and might be sufficient to offset the greater part of the amount 
lost by evaporation and taken up by the plant growth. 

The great difficulty of conserving this water is the fact that a very 
large proportion of the run-off occurs during a small part of the time. 
The streams fluctuate greatly, and many that are mere rivulets at 
low stages become roaring torrents when fed by heavy rains of several 
days' duration. Storage capacity of a large amount will be necessary 
in order to provide for a constant supply at all times. It would be 
impracticable to construct any system of reservoirs in the big gulches, 
owing to the destructive torrents and the steep gradients, but it is 
very likely that a careful topographic survey will disclose numerous 
available sites on the swampy tracts crossed by the 2,500-foot contour. 
With sufficient storage capacity it is probable that a constant supply 
of 150 or 200 second-feet might easily be obtained from these streams. 
It is, however, necessary to obtain records over a much longer period 
of time than those given here and also to make enough discharge 
measurements to determine accurate ratings before any defhiite state- 
ment can be made as to the supply of water available in the forest 
at 2,500-foot elevation. 

1 The records for the United States Geological Survey special rainfall stations at elevations 2,500, 3,000, 
3,500, 4,000, 4,500, and 5,000 feet up to the end of June, 1912, and the records for the United States Weather 
Bureau station at Puu Go, elevation 6,450 feet, for the year 1911, were used in making this estimate. 



ISLAND OP HAW An. 



349 



Rainfall, in inches, at United States Geological Survey camp, elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, 
Hawaii, Sept. 6 to Dec. SI, 1911. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Deo. 


1 






0.01 
.04 
.63 
.97 
.98 

1.57 
1.08 

.59 
1.08 

.62 

.26 
.24 
.68 
.50 
1.89 

.38 
1.02 

.73 
3.10 

.85 


0.00 
.00 
.00 
.04 
.32 

.25 
.11 
.63 
1.63 
.23 

.82 

.16 

2.02 

1.01 

4.42 

4.10 
2.60 
1.67 
2.92 
1.50 


21. 

22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28- 
29. 
30. 
31. 




0.01 

.58 


0.06 

(0 
.21 
.05 
.05 

.29 
.01 
.13 
.19 
.04 
.07 

19.60 

0.63 


0.87 
4.10 
4.71 
4.02 
1.41 

.00 
.00 
.22 
.32 
.03 

32.90 
1.10 


0.60 


2 








.02 


3 




<iS.20 

3.75 

.97 

.70 
.96 
2.07 
.73 
.58 

.42 
.06 
.05 
.04 
1.42 

.68 
.78 

""".'oe' 

.03 




.04 


4 






C5.60 
1.74 

.68 

1.54 

1.28 

.86 

.85 


.18 








2.26 


6 


(») 

0.61 

1.93 




.01 


7 




.22 


8 




.63 


9 




1.96 


10 






.08 








.72 


11 


The month . 
Mean daily . 


«30.40 
1.27 




12 


6 8.65 

.01 

.77 

1.75 

.85 
.17 
2.21 
.27 
.04 


31.14 


13 






1.00 


15 




16 




18 




19 




20 









o Gage installed. 

b For 4 days, Sept. 9-12. 

c For 2 days, Sept. 23 and 24. 



i For 3 days, Oct. 1-3. 

e For 24 days, Sept. 7-30. 

t Trace of rain, but too small to measure. 



Note. — The gage was of the standard United States Weather Bureau type and was read daily except 
when the hydrographers were working too far away to return to camp at night. The camp is located on 
Maili Stream, by station No. 50, and is about halfway between stations No. 1 and No. 87. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 1 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 

1.00 
-0.05 


Sec.-ft. 
43.0 


18 


do 


9.8 









Note. — TUs station is on the south branch or principal tributary of Wailtiku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 1 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hih, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


2.18 






11 


0.42 




0.18 
.12 
1.12 
1.82 
3.42 

2.32 
2.55 
2.72 
3.10 
2.55 


21 






2.12 


2 




-0.18 

- .10 

- .15 

- .18 

- .32 

- .48 
.15 
.32 
.22 


12 


22 






1.50 


3 






13 






23 






1.10 


4 






14 






24 






.65 


5 






15. 




0.95 

.88 


25 




1.70 

1.28 
.95 
.82 
.65 
.45 


1.32 


6 


1.00 




16 




26 


-0.70 


.92 


7 


17 


.18 
-.05 


27 


.60 


8 






18 


28 




.58 


9 




.32 
.20 


19 


29 




.75 


10 


.55 


20 






30 





















350 WATEB RESOUBOBS OP HAW An. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 2 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C.H.Pierce 


Fea. 
0.5S 

.54 


Sec.-ft. 
04 


18 


do 


« .01 









o Estimated. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to the Wailuku River. 



Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 2 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomjn, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






(°) 

(a) 
(a) 
(a) 
(a) 

8 

(a) 
(a) 
(») 


11 


0.52 




(a) 

(a) 

0.58 
.60 
.65 

.58 
.62 
.64 
.66 
.62 


21 






0.55 


2 






12 


22 






(a) 
(a) 

.61 


3 






13 






23 






4 






14 






24 






5 






15 




0.62 
.61 


25 




0.60 

(«) 
(a) 
(a) 
(a) 
(o.) 


6 


0.55 




16 




26 


0.45 


.55 


7 


17 




27 


.56 


8 






18 


.54 




28 .... 




.55 


9 




0.58 

.58 


19 


29 




.58 


10 


.52 


20 






30 


(a) 
(a) 












31 













o No flow. 



Discharge measurements at station No. 3 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.90 
.22 


Sec.-ft. 
19.3 


18 


.. do 


4.17 









Note. — This stream is tributary to the Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 3 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomm, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.45 






11 


0.55 




0.15 

.11 

.82 

1.32 

2.18 

1.58 
1.92 
2.25 
2.52 
2.02 


21 






1.49 


2 




0.10 
-.05 
-.05 
-.06 

-.09 

-.04 

.11 

.32 

.12 


12 


22 






1.25 


3 






13 






23 






1.02 


4 






14. 






24 






.71 


5 






15 




1.02 
1.00 


25 




1.24 

.90 
.72 
.70 
.52 
.38 


1.28 


6 


.92 




15 




26 


-0.10 


.92 


7 


17 




27 


.70 


8 






18 


.08 




28 




.38 


9 




0.75 
.69 


19 


29 




.81 


10 


.65 


20 






30 


-.20 
-.18 












31 











ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



351 



Discharge measurements at station No. 4 cit elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydiographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct 6 


C. H . Pierce 


Feet. 
0.78 
.72 


Sec.-ft. 
0.58 


18 


. .do 


.32 









Note.— This stream is tributary to the Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 4 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

(A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.82 






11 


0.75 




0.74 

.72 
.78 
.82 
.88 

.88 
.82 
.82 

.84 

.78 


21 






0.75 


2 




0.70 
.70 
.71 

.72 

.70 
.70 
.72 
.75 
.72 


12 


22 






.72 


3 






13 






23 






.71 


4 






14 






24 






.70 


5 






IS 




0.73 
.71 


25 




0.78 

.75 
.74 
.75 
.72 
.71 


.80 


6 


.78 




16 




26 


0.69 


.75 


7 


17 




27 


.74 


8 






18 


.71 




28 




.72 


9 




0.72 
.69 


19 


29 




.76 


10 


.75 


20 






30 


.65 
.66 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 5 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct 6 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
0.61 
.55 


Sec.-ft. 
0.17 


18 


.do 


.19 









Note. — This stream is tributary to the Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 5 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.78 






11 


0.60 




0.56 

.54 
.60 
.68 
.68 

.88 
.65 
.65 
.66 
.66 


21 






0.64 


2 




0.52 
.51 
.52 
.54 

.52 
.51 
.54 
.68 
.54 


12 


22 






.61 


3 






13 






23 






.60 


4 






14 






24 






.58 


5 






15 




0.60 
.60 


25 




0.61 

.60 
.60 
.61 
.59 
.58 


.68 


6 


.61 




16 




26 


0.50 


.60 


7 


17 




27 


.60 


8 






18 


.55 




28 




.60 


9 




0.58 
.59 


19 


29 




.61 


10 


.60 


20 






30 


.50 
.48 












31 











352 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Discharge measurements at station No. 6 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydro grapher. 


Gaee 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.48 
.15 


Sec.-ft. 
0.07 


18 


do 


00 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at stoiion No. 6 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.) 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 


0.40 




0.34 
.31 
.40 
.46 
.48 

.35 

.41 
.42 
.44 
.35 


21 






33 


2 






(a) 
(a) 
0.30 
.31 

(a) 

(») 
.31 
.34 
.31 


12 


22 






.31 


3 






13 






23 






(•) 
(») 
.40 


4 






14 






24 






6 






IS 




0.40 
.41 


25 




0.44 

.34 
.31 
.32 
.31 
.30 


6 


0.48 




16 




26 


(a) 


.38 


7 


17 




27 


.32 


8 






18 


0.15 




28 




.32 


9 




0.34 
.30 


19 


29 




.36 


10 


.40 


20 






30 


(a) 












31 













oNo flow. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 7 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.45 
.40 


Sec.-ft 
0.08 


18 


do 


.05 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, infect, at station No. 7 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 .... 








11 


0.44 




0.31 
.30 

.41 
.48 
.50 

.35 
.44 
.45 
.45 
.41 


21 






0.38 


2 






0.29 
.28 
.30 
.32 

.30 
.28 
.30 
.32 
.30 


12 


22 






.35 


3 . ... 






13 






23 






.34 


4 






14 






24 






.32 


5 . . 






15 




0.47 
.41 


25 




0.44 

.40 
.36 
.38 
.35 
.31 


.42 


6 


0.45 




16 




26 


0.30 


.40 


7 


17 




27 


.34 


8 






18 


.40 




28 




.32 


9 




0.44 
.41 


19 


29 




.36 


10 


.42 


20 






30 


.27 
.26 












31 













ISLAND OP HAWAII. 



353 



Discharge measurements at station No. 8 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



Oct. 6 

18 



C. H. Pierce. 
do 



Feet. 
0.98 
.85 



Sec.-ft. 
1.03 
.57 



Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku Rivier. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 8 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.28 






11 


0.91 




0.74 

.71 

.91 

1.08 

1.15 

.85 
1.02 
1.00 
1.05 

.92 


21 






0.85 


2 




0.72 
.71 

.72 
.75 

.72 
.70 
.71 
.75 
.72 


12 


22 






.85 


3 






13 






23 






.81 


4 






14 






24 






.75 


5 






15 




1.02 
1.00 


25 




1.10 

.99 
.92 
.92 
.88 
.81 


.92 


6 


.98 




16 




26 


0.68 


.82 


7 


17 




27 


.80 


8 






18 


.85 




28 




.80 


9 




1.12 
.91 


19 


29 




.95 


10 


.92 


20 






30 


.62 
.62 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 9 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.69 
.59 


Sec.-ft. 
1.05 


18 


do . 


19 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 9 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Deo. 


1 


0.90 






11 


0.62 




0.55 
.54 
.65 
.70 

.82 

.92 
.96 
.88 
.80 
.72 


21 






0.61 


2 




6. si 

.50 
.51 
.54 

.51 
.50 
.51 
.56 
.54 


12 


22 






59 


3 






13 






23 






.58 


4 






14 






24 






.55 


5 






15 




0.65 
.61 


25 




6.75 

.65 
.61 
.61 
.60 
.58 


.82 


6 


.69 




16 




26 


0.51 


.75 


7 


17 




27 


.68 


8 






is;:..:.;;:... 


.59 




28 




.56 


9 




0.64 
.61 


19 


29 




.64 


10 


.62 


20 






30 


.50 
.50 












31 













74323°— WSP 318—13- 



-23 



354 



WATEK RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Discharge measurements at station No. 10 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 

0.92 

.75 


Sec-feet. 
0.28 


18 


do 


.00 









Note. — This stream is tributary to V.'ailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 10 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.08 






11 


0.85 




0.80 

a. 75 

.92 

.94 

1.12 

1.35 

1.28 
1.28 
1.01 

.85 


21 






78 


2 




(a) 
(a) 
0.76 
W 

(a) 

(a) 
.78 
.80 
.76 


12 


22 






a 75 


3 






1.3 






23 






a 75 


4 






14 






24 






(a) 
1 02 


5 






15 




0.79 
.76 


25 




0.98 

.90 

.86 
.85 
.80 
.76 


6 


.92 




16 




26 


(a) 


88 


7 


17 




27 


81 


8 






18 


0.75 




28 




79 


9 




(a) 


19 


29 




98 


10 


.90 


20 






30 


(a) 












31 













o No flow. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 11 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 6 


C. H . Pierce 


Feet. 

0.45 

.28 


Sec-feet. 
94 


18 


do 


o.Ol 









a Estimated. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 11 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 


0.35 




0.35 
.34 

.42 
.48 
.55 

.32 
.46 
.48 
.50 
.40 


21 






0.40 


2 






(a) 
(a) 
(a) 
0.31 

(0) 

(a) 
.31 
.34 
.32 


12 


22 






.35 


3 






13 






23 






.32 


4 






14 






24 






(a) 
.45 


5 






15 




0.44 

.42 


25 




0.50 

.40 
.38 
.38 
.36 
.31 


6 


0.45 




16 




26 


(a) 


.38 


7 


17 




27 


.35 


8 






18 


.28 




28 




.35 


9 




0,31 
.24 


19 


2» 




.40 


10 


.41 


20 






30 


(o) 
(a) 












31 














a No flow. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



355 



Discharge measurements at station No. 12 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct 6 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
1.40 
1.15 
1.10 


Sec.-ft. 
21.0 


17 


.do 


5.2 


18 


do . 


4.10 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, infect, at station No. 12 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oc^t. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.88 






11 


1.22 




0.98 
.95 
1.32 
1.41 
1.70 

2.32 
2.62 
2.68 
2.72 
2.28 


21 






1.72 


2 




1.00 

.98 

1.00 

1.02 

.95 
.92 
.94 
.98 
.92 


12 


22 






1.45 


3 






13 






23 






1.35 


4 






14 






24 






1.30 


5 






15 




1.42 
1.38 



25 




1.61 

1.38 
1.22 
1.24 
1.15 
1.09 


1.75 


5 


1.40 




16 




26 

27 


0.91 


1.52 


7 


17 


1.15 
1.10 


1.45 


8 






18 


28 




1.44 


9 




1.34 
1.30 


19 


29 




1.72 


10 


1.30 


20 






30 


.85 
.85 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 13 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.50 
1.00 
.90 


Sec.-ft. 
27.0 


17 


.do 


7.9 


18 


do 


5.5 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. IS at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


1.95 






11 


1.05 




0.72 
.71 
1.12 
2.25 
2.62 

2.25 
2.48 
2.42 
2.49 
2.10 


21 






1 62 


2 




0.75 
.72 

.75 
.78 

.70 
.65 
.68 
.71 
.70 


12 


22 






1.51 


3 






13 






23 






1.35 


4 






14 






24 






1.12 


5 


1.50 
1.26 




15 




1.28 
1.12 


25 




1.52 

1.29 
1.18 
1.16 
1.11 
1.-08 


1.85 


6 


16 




26 


0.68 


1.60 


7 


17 


1.00 
.90 


27 


1 45 


8 






18 


28 




1.41 


9 




1.22 
1.15 


19 


29 




1.68 


10 


1.10 


20 






30 


.52 
.56 












31 













356 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Discharge measurements at station No. 14 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.05 
.82 


Sec.-ft. 
0.29 


17 


do 


.08 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 14 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


1.25 






11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 

16. 
17. 

18 


1910. 


0.90 




0.79 

.75 

.96 

1.02 

1.38 

.98 
1.25 
1.20 
1.26 
1.12 


21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 

26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 


1910. 






1.09 


2 




0.75 
.74 
.75 
.76 

.72 
.71 
.74 
.78 
.74 










1.02 


3 


















.99 


4 


















.81 


5 


1.05 
.99 








0.83 
.81 






1.08 

.99 
.92 
.92 
.86 
.82 


1.05 


6 








0.71 


.98 


7 




.82 
.80 




.90 


8 












.90 


9 ... 




0.88 
.84 


19. 
20. 








1.12 


10 


.9i 










.70 
.70 

























Discharge measurements at station No. 15 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



Oct. 5 
17 



C. H. Pierce. 
do 



Feet. 
1.45 
1.21 



Sec.-ft. 
12.6 
2.99 



Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 



Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 15 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


1.62 






1910. 
11 


1.25 




1.06 
1.01 
1.30 
1.50 

1.75 

1.36 
1.72 

1.78 
1.84 
1.48 


1910. 
21 






1..32 


2 




1.08 
1.05 
1.05 
1.08 

1.05 
1.02 
1.02 
1.05 
1.00 


12 


22 






1.25 


3 






13 ... 






23 






1.20 


4 






14 






24 






1.15 


5 . . 


1.45 
1.36 




15 




1.36 
1.28 


25 


1.04 


1.45 

1.32 
1.28 
1.2S 
1.21 
1.15 


1.62 


6 


16 




26 


1.51 


7 


17 


1.21 
1.18 


27 




1.38 


S 






\8 


28 




1.31 


9 




1.32 

1.28 


19 


29 




1.52 


10.. . 


1.29 


20 






30 


.99 
1.00 












31 













ISLAND OF HAWAH. 



357 



Discharge measurements at station No. 16 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.70 
.60 


Sec.-ft. 
50 


17 


do 


.06 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailulni River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 16 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.80 






11 


0.62 




0.52 
.51 

.68 
.75 
.92 

.61 
.90 

.85 
.92 

.78 


21 






0.65 


2 




0.44 
.42 
.44 
.45 

.42 
.42 
.44 
.51 

.48 


12 


22. 






.62 


3 






13 






23 






.61 


4 






14 






24 






.60 


5 


.70 
.68 




15 




0.63 
.61 


25 ... 




0.72 

.62 
.58 
.59 
.54 
.49 


.82 


6 


16 




26 


0.52 


.78 


7 


17.. 


.60 
.60 


27 


.70 


8 






18....: 


28 




.69 


9 




0.64 
.68 


19 


29 




.80 


10 


.64 


20 






30 


.42 
.42 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 17 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.80 
.70 


8ec.-Jt. 
0.26 


17 


do 


.10 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 17 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[A, Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.88 






11 


0.72 




0.69 
.65 
.75 
.82 

1.05 

.75 

.99 

.98 

1.01 

.86 


21 






0.75 


2 




0.66 
.65 
.65 
.66 

.64 
.62 
.64 
.68 
.65 


12 


22 






.72 


3 ... . 






13 






23 






.71 


4 






14 






24 






.70 


5 


.80 
.80 




15 




0.79 

.75 


25 




0.80 

.75 
.71 
.72 
.70 
.69 


.92 


6 


16 




26 


0.65 


.85 


7 


17 


.70 
.71 


27 


.80 


8 






18 


28 




.78 


9 




0.80 
.79 


19 


29 




.82 


10 


.74 


20 






30 


.65 
.60 












31 













358 WATEK EESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 18 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.65 
.60 


Sec-ft. 
0.08 


17 


do 


.04 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 18 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.72 






11 


0.60 




0.56 
.54 
.61 
.65 
.92 

.61 
.91 
.89 
.92 
.75 


21 






0.62 


2 




0.54 
.52 
.54 
.55 

.55 
.52 
.54 
.58 
.55 


12 


22 






.61 


3 






13 






23 






.60 


4 






14 






24 






.55 


5 


.65 
.61 




15 




0.60 
.59 


25 




0.62 

.61 
.60 
.60 
.59 

.58 


.72 


6 


16 




26 


0.54 


.65 


7 


17 


.60 
.58 


27 


.61 


8 






18 


28 




.60 


9 




0.60 
.61 


19 


29 




.72 


10 


.60 


20 






30 


.52 
.52 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 25 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
0.45 
.42 


Sec-ft. 
1.97 


17 


.. .do 


.34 









Note.— This stream is next north of No. 18, the numbers 19 to 24 not being used. It is tributary to 
Wailiiku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 25 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.) 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1 


0.80 






11 


0.52 




0.32 
.31 
.62 
.72 

1.05 

.72 
1.02 

.98 
1.04 

.82 


21 






0.71 


2 




0.30 
.30 
.31 
.35 

.25 
.25 
.28 
.31 
.30 


12 


22 






.52 


3 






13 






23 






.48 


4 






14 






24 






.45 


5 


.45 
.40 




15 




0.62 
.60 


25 




0.78 

.64 
.60 
.61 
.60 
.52 


.88 


6 


16 




26 


0.25 


.78 


7 


17 


.42 
.38 


27 


.65 


8 






18 ... 


28 




.65 


9 




0.60 

.78 


19 


29 




.78 


10 


.51 


20 






30 


.05 
.15 












31 













ISLAND OF HAWAII. 359 

Discharge measurements at station No. 26 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.80 
.72 


Sec.-ft. 
0.20 


17 


... .do 


.04 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 26 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 


0.88 
.80 






11 


0.72 




0.75 

.72 

.78 

.85 

1.12 

.82 
1.05 
1.00 
1.02 

.85 


21 






0.78 


2 




0.70 
.70 
.71 
.72 

.70 
.70 
.71 
.74 
.72 


12 


22 






.72 


3 


13 






' 23 






.70 


4 






14 






24 






.70 


5 


.80 

.78 




15 




0.72 
.71 


25 




0.81 

.79 
.74 
.75 
.72 
.71 


.95 


6 


16 




i 
26 


0.70 
.70 


.89 


7 


17 


.72 
.70 
.70 


27 


.78 


8 






18 


28 


.75 


9 




0.73 
.72 


19 


29 




.85 


10 


.71 


20 


30 


.70 
.70 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 27 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 5 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
2.14 
1.75 
1.55 


Sec.-ft. 
21.2 


17 


do 


4.99 


19 


.. do 


2.76 









Note. — This station is on the south fork of Kapehu Stream, which is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 27 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 ... 




1.79 




1.44 
1.40 
1.95 
2.10 
2.85 

2.38 
2.65 
2.65 
2.85 
2.42 


21 








2.10 


2 




2.05 




1.45 
1.42 
1.40 
1.41 

1.40 
1.35 
1.36 
1.48 
1.42 


12 




22 








1.85 


3 




13 . . 








23 








1.72 


4 








14 








24 








1.58 


5 




2.14 




15 






2.10 
1.80 


25 






2.12 

1.90 
1.75 
1.68 
1.52 
1.49 


2.15 


6 




16 






26 




1.38 
1.34 

"i.'25" 
1.28 


1.88 


7 




1.95 




17 




1.75 
1.60 
1.55 


27 




1.80 


g 




18 . . 




28 

29 

30 


2.02 
2.00 


1.75 


9 






1.88 
1.80 


19..... 




1.92 


10 




1.85 


20 


















31 

















360 WATEB BESOURCES OF HAWAU. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 28 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
heignt. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
2.00 
1.45 
1.10 


Sec.-ft. 
37.9 


Oct. 17 


do 


14.9 


19 


do 


5.7 









Note.— This station is on the north fork of Kapehu Stream, which is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 28 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.55 




1.10 
1.05 
1.72 
2.05 
2.95 

2.25 
2.48 
2.50 
2.72 
2.35 


21 








1.88 


2 




2.10 




0.98 
.92 
.95 
.98 

.88 

.78 

.80 

1.12 

1.08 


12 




22 








1.80 


3 




13 








23 








1.75 


4 








14 








24 








1.70 


5 




2.10 




15 






2.20 
1.55 


25 






2.10 

1.70 
1.50 
1.45 
1.35 
1.24 


2.22 


6.. 




16 






26 




0.75 
•68 

"'.'55' 
.60 


2.00 


7 




1.80 




17 




1.45 
1.15 
1.10 


27 




1.90 


8 




18 




28 

29 

30 


2.00 
1.80 


1.78 


9 






1.68 
1.48 


19 




2.00 


10 




1.62 


20 


















31.. .. 

















Discharge measurements at station No. 29 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 

charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.60 
(0) 


Sec.^t. 
0.02 


do 


.00 









a Stream dry. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 29 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.38 




(«) 
(a) 

0.40 
.71 
.85 

.66 
.81 
.79 
.81 
.52 


21 








0.39 


2 




0.58 




(a) 

h 

(0) 

(») 
(0) 


12 




22 








.40 


3 




13 








23 








.41 


4.. 








14 








24 








.40 


5 




.40 




15 






0.40 
.40 


25 






0.44 

.39 
a. 35 
0.35 

(0) 

(«) 


.65 


6 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


0.70 
.58 
.60 
.52 




.60 


7 




.40 




17 




.40 


.60 


8. 




18 .. . 




.58 


9 






0.40 
.38 


19 




(<•) 




.72 


10. 




.40 


20 


















31 

















o No flow. 



ISLAND OP HAWAII. 361 

Discharge measurements at station No. SO at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.83 
.52 


Sec.-ft. 
0.20 


Oct. 19 


do 


o.Ol 









a Estimated. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. SO at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, far 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.72 




0.64 

.61 

.75 

1.02 

1.35 

.85 
1.16 
1.14 
1.22 

.95 


21 








0.71 


2 




0.72 




0.50 
.49 
.51 
.59 

.59 
.50 
.52 
.62 
.60 


12 




22 








.64 


3 




13 








23 








.61 


4 








14 








24 








.58 


fi 




.80 




15... . 






0.78 
.72 


25 






0.81 

.70 
.64 
.65 
.61 
.58 


1.01 


6 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


1.08 

.82 
.85 
.75 


0.52 
.50 

'"."49' 

.48 


.80 


7 




.75 




17...:. 




.70 


.78 


8... 




18 .. . 




.78 


9... . 






0.70 
.64 


19 




.52 




.95 


10 




.72 


20 


















31 

















Discharge measurements at station No. SI at elevation 2,500 feet, near HUo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.35 
.80 


8ec.-ft. 
22.0 


Oct. 19 


do 


4.26 









Note. — This stream is tributary to WaDuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. SI at elevation 2, WO feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

(A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.05 




0.74 

.71 

.95 

1.25 

1.62 

1.18 
1.52 
1.52 
1.62 
1.40 


21 








1.15 


2..... 




1.21 




0.70 

.68 
.69 
.71 

.68 
.64 
.66 
.72 
.70 


12 




22 




0.72 




1.00 


3 




13 








23 




.95 


4 








14 








24 








.90 


5 




1.30 




15 






1.22 
.95 


25 






1.25 

.98 
.82 
.81 
.78 
.72 


1.42 


6 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


1.58 
1.38 
1.35 
1.20 


.70 
.65 

".'eo' 

.60 


1.31 


7 




1.14 




17 




1.10 


1.30 


8 




18 




1.26 


9 






1.14 
1.00 


19 




.80 




1.40 


10 




1.15 


20 


















31 

















362 WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 32 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hito, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. j^Gaff^ 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 
.60 


Sec.-ft. 
2.27 


Oct. 19 


do 


.43 









Note. — This stream is tributary to WaUuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 32 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomia, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 . 










11... . 




0.88 




0.62 
.60 
.88 
1.15 
1.52 

1.05 
1.38 
1.31 
1.45 
1.21 


21... . 








1 02 


2... . 




1.00 




0.60 
.52 
.52 
.55 

.50 
.46 
.50 
.62 
.60 


12... . 




22 




0.49 




.82 


3 




13 








23 




.79 


4 








14 








24 








.75 


5 




1.04 




15 






0.82 
.70 


25... . 






1.02 

.88 
.75 
.75 
.71 
.65 


1.21 


6... . 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


1.12 
.95 

1.00 
.90 


.45 
.45 

.40 


.98 


7 




.95 




17. 




.85 


.95 


8. 




18. . . 




.94 


9... . 






0.72 
.64 


19 




.60 




1.12 


10 




.92 


20 


















31 

















Discharge measurements at station No. 33 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
1.10 
.80 


Sec.-ft. 
0.35 


do 


.06 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. S3 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.08 




0.82 

.80 

.92 

1.25 

1.62 

1.18 
1.46 
1.42 
1.50 
1.22 


21 








0.96 


2 




1.10 




0.72 
.71 
.72 

.75 

.75 
.72 
.74 
.81 

.78 


12 




22 




0.70 




.85 


3 




13 








23 




.82 


4 








14 








24 








.80 


5 




1.20 




15 






1.15 
1.02 


25 






1.02 

.85 
.81 
.79 
.76 
.75 


1.32 


6 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


1.20 
1.08 
1.10 
1.10 


.69 
O.60 

"(a)" 
(a) 


1.15 


7. 




1.15 




17 




1.10 


1.12 


8 




18 




1.10 


9 






1.10 
1.10 


19 




.80 




1.30 


10 




1.15 


20 


















31 

















o No flow. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 363 

Discharge measurements at station No. 34 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
1.50 
1.09 


Sec.-ft. 
6.5 


do 


.67 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 34 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.25 




1.05 
1.01 
1.25 
1.42 
1.85 

1.28 
1.66 
1.65 
1.71 
1.52 


21 








1.32 


2 




1.38 




1.00 
.98 
.99 

1.01 

.98 
.92 


12 




22 




1.00 




1.18 


3 




13 








23 




1.12 


4 








14 








24 








1.05 


5 




1.40 




15 






1.38 
1.18 


25 






1.48 

1.22 
1.18 
1.18 
1.11 
1.05 


1.62 


6 




16 






26 




.99 
.95 

".'96" 
.90 


1.45 


7 .. 




1.30 




17 




1.25 


27 

28 

29 

30 


1.50 
1.50 
1.35 


1.45 


s 




18 




1.40 


9 






1.31 

1.20 


1.05 
1.02 


19 

20 




1.09 




1.62 


10 




1.32 
















31 

















Discharge measurements at station No. 35 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.40 


Sec.-ft. 
0.08 


do 


.00 









o stream dry. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 35 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomia, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.35 




0.34 

0.32 

.41 

.55 

.72 

.55 
.68 
.65 
.66 
.52 


21 .. 








40 


2 




0.45 




(a) 

(a) 
(a) 

(a) 
(a) 


12 




22 




W 




.40 


3 




13 








23 




.40 


4 








14 ... 




1 


24 








38 


5 




.35 




15 






0.35 
0.32 


25 






0.40 

.35 

(«) 
(a) 

(°) 


.55 


6 




16 






26 




(a) 
■"(«)■" 


.50 


7 




.35 




17 




{a) 


27 

28 

29 

30 


0.41 
.40 
..38 


.50 


8 




18 




.50 


9 






0.35 
(a) 


19 




(a) 




.36 


10 




.38 


20 


















31 

















a No flow. 



364 WATEK KESOUKCES OP HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 36 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 

0.58 
(a) 


Sec.-ft. 
0.11 


Oct. 19 


do 


.00 









o stream dry. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku Kiver. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 36 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




00.45 




0.49 
.46 
.52 
.68 
.92 

.62 
.85 
.81 
.82 
.71 


21 








0.58 


2 




0.52 




(a) 
fa) 

(«) 
(a) 

(°) 
(a) 

C) 

0.48 

(a) 


12 




22 




(») 




.54 


3 




13 








23 




.51 


4 








14 








24 








.49 


5 




.51 




15 






0.55 
.50 


25 






0.55 

.50 

.48 
.48 
(a) 

(») 


.78 


6 




16 






26 






.70 


7 . 




.50 




17 




.50 


27 

28 

29 

30 


0.54 
.58 
.50 


.70 


8 




18 




.68 


9 






0.59 
.52 


19 




(«) 




.72 


10 




.50 


20 


















31 

















oNo flow. 
Discharge measurements at station No. 37 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.55 
.49 


Sec.-ft. 
0.05 


do 


o.Ol 









a Estimated. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 37 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.50 




0.56 
.54 
.59 
.72 

1.05 

.65 
.94 
.94 
.92 
.65 


21 








0.55 


2 




0.52 




0.50 
.50 
.51 
.52 

.50 
.50 
.51 
.55 
.52 


12 




22 




C) 




.51 


3 




13 








23 




.50 


4 








14 








24 








.50 


5.. . 




.52' 




15 






0.55 
.52 


25 






0.60 

.54 
.51 
.52 
.51 
.51 


.85 


6 




16. ... 






26 




0.49 
(a) 

"(«)"■ 
(a) 


.80 


7 




.50 




17 




.52 


27 

28 

29 

30 


0.58 
.55 
.50 


.80 


8 




18 




.75 


9 







0.52 
.50 


19 




.49 




.84 


10 




.50 


20 


















31.. . 

















oNo flow. 



ISLAND OF HAWAH. 365 

Discharge measurements at station No. 38 at elevation 2,500feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 
.81 


Sec.-ft. 
0.75 


do 


.04 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 38 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 



[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1 










11 




0.88 




0.76 

.75 

.88 

1.12 

1.50 

1.08 
1.39 
1.41 
1.38 
1.00 


21 








0.85 


2 




0.90 




0.70 
.70 
.71 
.72 

.70 
.70 
.71 
.75 
.72 


12 




22 




0.78 




.76 


3 




13 








23 




.74 


4 








14 








24 








.71 


5 




.91 




15 






0.95 
.90 


25 






0.90 

.80 
.74 
.75 
.74 
.72 


1.18 


6 




16 






26 




.80 
.71 

"'."74' 
.72 


1.02 


7 




.90 




17 




.90 


27 

28 

29 

30 


0.98 

1.00 

.90 


1.00 


8 




18 




1.01 


9 






6.94 
.90 


19 




.81 




1.20 


10 




.90 


20 


















31 

















Disdiarge measurements at station No. 39 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.08 
.85 


Sec.-ft. 
1.72 


do 


.26 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 39 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.92 




0.85 

.80 

.92 

1.20 

1.48 

1.06 
1.40 
1.41 
1.38 
1.15 


21 








1.00 


2 




1.00 




0.80 
.80 
.81 
.84 

.80 
.80 
.81 
.84 
.82 


12 




22 




0.80 




.91 


3 




13 








23 




.89 


4 








14 








24 








.82 


6 




1.01 




15 






1.00 
.91 


25 






1.02 

.91 
.89 
.88 
.86 
.84 


1.32 


6 




16 






26 




.82 
.80 

".'so' 

.80 


1.25 


7 




.95 




17... 




.95 


27 

28 

29 

30 


1.05 
1.08 
1.00 


1.28 


8 




18 




1.20 


9 






0.98 
.91 


19... 




.85 




1.40 


10 




1.00 


20 


















31 

















366 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 40 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, neavHilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 28 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.45 
1.20 


Sec.-ft. 
0.93 


do 


.06 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 40 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Segt. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.30 




1.06 
1.02 
1.28 
1.41 
1.62 

1.24 
1.45 
1.48 
1.45 
1.52 


21 








1 38 


2 




1.38 




1.14 

1.08 
1.05 
1.08 

1.09 
1.02 
1.05 
1.15 
1.02 


12 




22 




1.15 




1 25 


3 




13 








23 




1 22 


4 .. 








14 








24 








1.15 


5 




1.40 




15 






1.28 
1.21 


25... 






1.40 

1.32 
1.24 
1.22 
1.18 
1.16 


1 50 


6 




16 






26... 




1.10 

1.08 



"(■«)■" 
(a) 


1 35 


7 




1.32 




17 




i.22 


27 

28 

29 

30 


1.40 
1.45 
1.40 


1 35 


8 




18 




1 32 


9 






1.35 
1.28 


19 




1.20 




1 39 


10 




1.32 


20 


















31 

















o No flow. 



Discharge measurements at station No. 41 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.92 
1.10 


Sec.-ft. 
10 5 


....do 


.83 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 41 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomm, observer. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.42 




0.84 
.81 
1.22 
1.40 
2.20 

2.49 
2.61 
2.72 
2.65 
2.35 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 


0.92 
1.25 
1.80 
1.80 






1.60 


2 




1.50 




0.75 
.52 
.51 
.52 

.72 
.60 
.61 
.82 
.80 


12 




70 




1.40 


3 




13 








1.31 


4 








14 












1 15 


5 




1.62 




15 






1.62 
1.35 




1.72 

1.35 

1.18 

1.15 

.98 

.85 


2.30 


6 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


1.98 
1.66 
1.75 
1.50 


.75 
.50 

".'29' 
.22 


1.95 


7 




1.50 




17 




1.50 


1.90 


8 




18 




1.85 


9 






1.50 
1.28 


19 

20 


1.30 


1.10 




2.02 


10 




1.60 
















31 

















ISLAND OF HAWAII. 367 

Discharge measurements at station No. 42 at elevation 2, 500 feet, nearHilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 
" 28o 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
0.40 
.85 
.65 


Sec.-ft. 
0.23 


do 


.15 


Oct. 19 


. . do 


b.Ol 









a Gage moved to new location w ith different datum. 
Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 



b Estimated. 



Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 42 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 ... 




0.72 




0.61 

.60 
.71 
.88 
1.12 

.90 
1.08 
1.14 
1.10 

.90 


21 








0.75 


2 




0.80 




(") 
(6) 
C) 
(6) 

C) 
(0) 

(6) 
0.62 
.60 


12 




22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


0.28 
.30 
.40 
.40 

.40 

O.80 

.85 

.80 


m 




.69 


3 




13 








.68 


4 








14 












.64 


5 








15 






0.72 

.72 


(6) 
(6) 

(6) 


0.82 

.70 
.65 
.65 
.62 
.60 


1.00 


6 








16 






.85 


7 




.75 




17 




.75 


.85 


8 




18 




.82 


9 






0.73 
.74 


19 

20 


0.30 


.65 




.95 


10 . 




.78 
















31 

















a New gage installed at difierent datum. b No flow. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 43 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.86 
.24 


Sec.-ft. 
0.68 


do 


.11 









Note. — This stream is tribucary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 43 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.54 




0.26 

.25 
.32 
.58 
.85 

.62 
.76 
.88 
.85 
.65 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 


0.20 
.25 

.80 
.82 






0.35 


2 




0.71 




0.18 
.18 
.19 
.22 

.21 
.20 
.21 
.25 
.24 


12 




0.20 




22 


3 




13 








.21 


4 








14.. 












20 


5 




.45 




15 






0.50 
.38 




0.46 

.30 
.25 
.25 
.24 
.22 


.55 


6 




16. . 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30.. . 


.88 
.82 
.82 
.70 


.20 
.20 

".'26' 
.20 


50 


7 




.40 




17 




.40 


.52 


8 




18 .. 




50 


9 






0,32 
.32 


19 

20 


0.30 


.24 




.61 


10 




.40 
















31 

















368 WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. A4 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.55 
.45 


Sec.-ft. 
0.06 


do 


o.Ol 









o Estimated. 
Note. — This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 44 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.50 




0.44 
.41 

.48 
.55 
.72 

.48 
.64 
.68 
.62 
.55 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 


0.50 
.50 
.50 
.55 






0.50 


2 




0.52 




0.42 
.42 
.42 
.45 

.44 
.42 
.44 
.45 
.42 


12 




0.44 




.45 


3 




13 








.45 


4 








14 












.42 


5 




.52 




15 






0.50 
.30 




0.50 

.45 
.45 
.44 
.44 
.42 


.58 


6 




16 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


.56 
.54 
.55 
.50 


.44 
.42 

".42' 
.42 


.52 


7 




.50 




17 




.49 


.55 


8 




18 




.51 


9 






0.50 
.49 


19 

20 


0.50 


.45 




.58 


10 




.50 
















31 

















Discharge measurements at station No. 45 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.95 
.75 


Sec.-ft. 
0.64 


Oct. 19 


do 


.09 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 45 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.81 




0.72 
.71 
.82 
.95 

1.12 

.81 
1.05 
1.11 

1.08 
.98 


21 

22... 

23 

24 

25 


0.74 
.80 
.90 
.90 






0.80 


2 




0.85 




0.71 
.71 
.72 

.74 

.71 
.70 
.71 
.74 
.71 


12 




0.71 




.75 


3 




13 








.74 


4 








14... 












.71 


5 




.88 




15 






0.90 

.82 




0.89 

.78 
.75 
.74 
.72 
.72 


1.05 


6 




16... 






26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


.96 
.91 
.90 
.85 


.71 
.70 

'".'76' 
.70 


.98 


7 




.82 




17 




.85 


1.00 


8 




18... 




.95 


9 






0.86 

.78 


19 

20.. 


0.80 


.76 




1.05 


10 




.88 
















31... 

















ISLAND OF HAWAII. 369 

Discharge measurements at station No. 46 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 
Oct. 19 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
2.15 
1.56 
1.45 


Sec.-ft. 
43.6 


do 


7.2 


22 


do 


3.35 









Note.— This station is on Awehi Stream, which is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 46 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.) 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




1.85 




1.50 
1.42 
2.10 
2.35 
3.18 

2.75 
3.20 
3.32 
2.88 
2.75 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


1.67 
1.72 
2.55 
2.60 
2.45 

2.42 
2.31 
2.35 
2.10 


"i.iS 

1.38 
1.30 

'i.'2i' 

1.24 


3.70 
3.58 
3.64 
3.42 
2.34 

1.90 
1.72 
1.62 
1.48 
1.40 


2.25 


2 




2.20 




1.46 
1.41 
1.38 
1.40 

1.39 
1.32 
1.34 
1.52 
1.45 


12 




1.95 


3 




13 








1.80 


4... 








14 








1.75 


6 




2.38 




15 






2.50 
1.82 


2.25 


6 




16 






2.00 


7... 




2.08 




17 




1.90 


1.98 


8 




18 




1.90 


9 






2.14 
1.78 


19 

20 


1.85 


1.56 




2.12 


10... 




2.00 
















31 

















Discharge measurements at station No. 47 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 26 
Oct. 19 


C.H.Pierce . . 


Feet. 
2.56 
1.96 
1.50 


Sec.-ft. 
11.2 


do 


2.75 


22 


do 


1.57 









Note.— This station is on Waiakaulupala Stream, which is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 47 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




2.38 




1.52 
1.45 
2.70 
3.00 
3.50 

2.80 
3.20 
3.45 
2.98 
2.90 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


2.15 
2.25 
2.80 
2.75 
2.70 

2.52 
2.60 
2.75 
2.55 


i.ho 

1.28 
1.18 

"."95' 
.92 


3.55 
3.40 
3.52 
3.25 
2.65 

2.30 
2.12 
2.02 
1.85 
1.68 


2.50 


2 




2.50 




1.45 
1.32 
1.30 
1.41 

1.32 
1.22 
1.28 
1.62 
1.55 


12 




2.30 


3 




13 








2.20 


4 








14 








2.00 


5 




2.68 




15 






2.70 
2.20 


2.50 


6 




16 






2.10 


7 




2.52 




17 




2.48 


2.08 


8 




18 




1.95 


9 






2.50 
2.22 


19 

20 


2.35 


1.96 




2.25 


10 




2.55 
















31 

















74323°— wsp 318—13- 



-24 



370 WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 48 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 21 
25 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
0.45 
.72 
.55 


Sec.-ft. 
0.08 


...do 


1.26 


Oct. 19 


....do 


.30 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Wailuku River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 48 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.68 




0.78 

.65 

.92 

1.15 

1.38 

.85 
1.20 
1.25 
1.12 

.92 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 


0.45 
.55 
.70 
.68 
.72 

.78 
.70 
.82 
.68 


o.'so' 

.54 
.49 

'"."49" 
.48 


1.36 
1.30 
1.42 
1.38 
.82 

.60 
.58 
.68 
.55 
.54 


0.72 


2. 




0.68 




0.46 
.44 
.45 
.46 

.50 
.48 
.50 
.95 
.75 


12 




.52 


3. ... 




13.. .. 








.52 


4 








14 








.51 


5 




.75 




15 






0.82 
.71 


.82 


6 




16 






.75 


7.. 




.72 




17 




.75 


.80 


8 




is: 




.75 


9 






0.71 
.62 


19 

20 


0.52 


.55 




.92 


10... 




.75 
















31 

















Discharge m,easurements at station No. 49 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 21 
256 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.35 
.32 
.05 


Sec.-ft. 
oO.Ol 


do 


.23 


Oct. 19 


do 


0.01 









o Estimated. b Change in channel since previous measurement. 

Note.— This stream is tributary to Maili Stream. 

Daily gage height, infect, at station No. 49 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 










11 




0.10 




0.10 
.02 
.25 
.38 
.45 

.32 
.38 
.39 
.34 
.40 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29. ... 
30 


0.35 

O.30 

.30 

.30 

.32 

.36 
.32 
.35 
.20 


'6.62' 

.02 
.02 

".'62' 
.02 


0.46 
.42 
.45 
.41 
.15 

.04 
.02 
.04 
.02 
.02 


0.20 


2 




6.22 




0.01 
.00 
.00 
.01 

.02 
.01 
.04 
.18 
.08 


12 




.12 


3 




13 








.10 


4 








14 








.05 


5 








15.. .. 






O.M 
.16 


.21 


6 








16 






.15 


7 








17 




.15 


.20 


8... 








18 

19 

20 


0.55 
.39 


.10 


9 




.15 


0.30 
.10 


.05 




.25 


10 


















31 












1 ■ " 



a Stream bed changed. 



ISLAND OP HAWAII. 871 

Discharge measurements at station No. 50 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Sept. 21 
25 


C H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.70 
.90 
.50 


Sec.-ft. 
0.07 


do 


.89 


Oct. 19 


.do 


.03 









Note. — This station is on Maili Stream, which joins HonoUi River at sea level. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 50 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[A. Bomin, observer.] 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 .. 






0.40 
.40 
.56 
.62 

.58 

.72 
.69 
.69 
.72 
.61 


0.48 
.46 
.39 
.42 
.46 

.45 
.46 
.50 
.70 
.60 


11 




0.70 
.62 
.62 
..50 

.78 

.62 
.78 
.64 
.50 
.48 


0.59 
.56 
.76 
.66 
.90 

.66 
.86 
.71 
.98 
.69 


0.58 
.54 
.90 
.82 

1.40 

1.12 
1.04 
1.00 
1.00 
.98 


21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


0.66 
1.05 

.91 
1.01 

.81 

.91 
.85 
.92 
.72 
.90 


0.47 
.47 
.48 
.46 
.46 

.47 
.46 
.48 
.46 
.40 
.40 


1.31 
1.38 
1.45 
1.25 
.92 

.62 
.59 
.61 
.60 
.51 


0.60 


2 




0.65 
1.10 
1.28 
.82 

.81 
.93 
.89 
.85 
.80 


12 




.55 


3 




13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 


0.78 
.78 
.96 

.84 
.74 
.95 
.78 
.72 


.40 


4 




.40 


5 




.65 


6 




.42 


7 




.64 


8 




.45 


9 




.59 


10 




.42 






.44 











Discharge measurements at station No. 51 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 7 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.15 
.80 


Sec. ft. 
0.93 


19 


... .do 


.06 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 51 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 . 








11.. .. 






0.82 

"'i.'64' 
1.80 

1.25 
1.35 
1.28 
1.40 
1.40 


21 . 




1.69 
1.62 
1.80 
1.62 
1.08 

.82 
.80 
.82 
.78 
.79 


90 


2 


0.92 
1.20 
1.30 




0.79 
.72 
.75 
.78 

.79 
.78 
.85 
.92 
.85 


12 




0.85 
.98 

.88 


22 




.82 


3 


13 




23 




.82 


4 


14. 


0.80 


24. 




.90 


5 


15 


25 




.85 


6 




0.90 
.92 
.97 


16 




.90 


26 . 




.82 


7 


1.15 


17 




27 

28 


0.79 


.81 


8 


18.. . . 




.94 

'i.'oo' 


.81 


9 


.92 
.89 


19 


.80 


29 




.85 


10 


20 


30 












31 


.78 













372 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 52 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 7 


C. H . Pierce 


Feet. 
1.75 
.88 
.74 


Sec.-ft. 
114 


19 


do 


10.9 


21 


do 


10.0 









Note. — This station is on the south fork of Honolii River. 



Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 52 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.75 

'3.' 45" 
4.50 

2.20 
2.35 
2.25 
2.40 
2.40 


21 


0.74 


4.15 
3.38 
3.50 


1.64 


2 


1.88 
1.79 
2.60 




0.81 
.79 
.60 
.61 

.61 
.60 
.79 
.91 
.79 


12 




0.91 
1.14 
1.09 


22.. 


1.00 


3.. 


13 




23 




.95 


4 


14 

15.. . 


91 


24 




3.28 
2.00 

1.50 
1.12 
1.02 
1.00 
.90 


1.64 


5 . 


25 . 




1.45 


6.. 




1.54 
2.05 
1.68 


16 




1.22 


26 




1.40 


7 


1.75 


17 




27 


.52 


1.10 


8 


18.. 




i.58 
'2.' 05" 


28 . 


1.40 


9 


1.71 
1.52 


19 

20 


.89 


29.. . . 




1.45 


10 


30 










31 


.44 











Discharge measurements at station No. 53 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 



Hydrographer. 



Gage 
height. 



Dis- 
charge. 



Oct. 10 
21 



C.H. Pierce. 
do 



Feet. 
0.60 
.45 



Sec.-ft. 
0.11 
.00 



Note. — This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 53 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.52 

"'":89' 
.98 

.85 
.90 
.85 
.92 
.92 


21 


aO.45 




0.80 


2 






(«) 
(a) 
(0) 
(0) 

(») 

(°) 

0.54 
.55 
.54 


12 




6.51 
.66 
.56 


22.": 


.65 


3 


6.80 




13 




23 






.65 


4 . 


14 


0.48 


24 






.80 


5 






15 


25 




0.61 

.52 
.50 
.49 
0.45 
(») 


.75 


6 




0.60 
.65 
.68 


16 




.55 


26 




.74 


7 




17 




27 


(«) 


.72 


8 




is:::::::::::: 




.60 
":64' 


28 


.72 


9 


.62 
.59 


19 . 


.50 


29 




.75 


10 


20 


30 












31 


(°) 













a No flow. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 373 

Discharge measurements at station No. 54 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
1.05 
.75 


Sec.-ft. 
5.7 


21 


do 


.66 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 54 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.70 

"i.'so' 

1.60 

1.32 
1.35 
1.32 
1.38 
1.38 


21 


0.75* 




1.00 


2 






0.65 
.66 
.62 
.65 

.65 
.66 
.72 

.74, 
.72 


12.. 




0.82 

1.01 

.90 


22 


.85 


3 


1.50 




13 




23 






.85 


4 


14 


0.78 


24 






1.00 


5 






15 


25 




1.05 

.90 

.82 
.80 
.78 
.70 


1.00 


6 




1.04 
1.10 
1.13 


16 




.90 


26 




.98 


7 




17 




27 


.68 


.98 


8 




18 




.99 

'i.'io" 


28 


.95 


9 


1.06 
1.00 


19 


.80 


29 




1.00 


10 


20 


30 












31 


.60 













Discharge measurements at station No. 55 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911, 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.30 
1.05 


Sec.-ft. 
2.20 


21 


do 


.19 









Note.— This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 55 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Billfov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






1.10 

"i'.ho 

1.70 

1.00 
1.06 
1.02 
1.08 
1.08 


21 


1.05 




0.98 


2 






0.98 
.99 
.98 

1.00 

1.01 
1.00 
1.14 
1.18 
1.14 


12 




1.14 
1.29 
1.22 


22 


.98 


3 


1.60 




13 




23 






.95 


4 


14 


1.10 


24 






.90 


5 






15 


25 




1.24 

1.18 
1.12 
1.11 
1.10 
1.08 


.90 


6 




1.27 
1.35 
1.39 


16 




1.22 


26 




.88 


7 




17 




27 


.95 


.88 


8 




18 




1.28 


28 


.88 


9 


1.31 
1.28 


19 


1.10 


29 




.90 


10 


20 


30 












31 


.92 













374 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 56 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.62 
.54 


Sec.-ft. 
0.03 


21 


do 


.00 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, ai station No. 56 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






(a) 

"6.' 80' 

1.18 

.78 
.82 
.79 
.82 
.82 


21 


aO.54 




0.65 


2 






(a) 
(a) 
(a) 
C) 

(a) 
(a) 
(a) 
(a) 


12 




0.56 
.69 
.62 


22 


.62 


3 






13 




23 






.60 


4 






14 


0.50 


24 






.65 


5 






15 


25 




0.62 

(a) 
(a) 

(a) 
W 


.55 


6 




0.65 
.70 
.71 


16 




.61 


26 




.55 


7 




17 




27 


(o) 


(a) 
.55 


8 




18 




.65 

".'es' 


28 


9 


0.64 
.61 


19 


.55 


29 . . 




10 


20 


30 












31 


(«) 













a No flow. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 57 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 191U 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.98 

.78 


Sec.-ft. 
0.36 


21 


do 


.05 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, ai station No. 51 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.79 

'"i.'22 
1.55 

.98 
1.02 

.98 
1.02 
1.02 


21 


0.78 




0.88 


2 






0.70 
.70 
.70 
.72 

.71 
.74 
.81 
.85 
.81 


12 




0.82 
.94 
.90 


22 


.85 


3 






13 




23 






.85 


4 






14 


0.80 


24 






.84 


5 






15 


25 




0.99 

.81 
.72 
.80 
.79 
.71 


.82 


6 




0.91 
1.00 
1.03 


16 




.90 


26 




.80 


7 




17 




27 


.72 


.78 


8 




18 




.94 

'i.'oo' 


28 


.78 


9 


0.94 
.95 


19 


.80 


29 




.81 


10 


20 


30 












31 


.70 













ISLAND OF HAWAII. 375 

Discharge measurements at station No. 58 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.85 
.69 


Sec.-ft. 
0.60 


21 


do 


.09 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 58 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.66 

"i.'oe 

1.59 

1.02 
1.05 
1.04 
1.05 
1.05 


21 


0.69 




0.89 


2 






0.64 
.64 
.62 
.64 

.64 
.62 
.69 
.71 
.69 


12 




0.71 

.82 
.78 


22 


.85 


3 






13 




23 






.82 


4 






14 


0.71 


24 






.84 


5 






15 


25 




0.80 

.78 
.71 
.71 
.70 
.69 


.81 


6 




0.80 
.88 
.92 


16 




.79 


26 




.80 


7 




17 




27 


.65 


.80 


8 




18 




.81 

"'.kh' 


28 


.80 


9 


0.85 
.82 


19 


.72 


29 




.81 


10 


20 


30 












31 


.62 













Discharge measurements at station No. 59 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.90 
.65 


Sec.-ft. 
1.49 


21 


do 


.24 









Note. — This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 59 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, fbr 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Date. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.65 

'"'.'95 
1.55 

.99 
1.02 

.94 
1.02 
1.02 


21 


0.65 




0.88 


2 






0.64 
.60 
.61 
.62 

.62 
.61 
.68 
.70 
.68 


12 




0.70 

.86 
.80 


22 


.86 


3 






13 




23 






.86 


4 






14 


0.72 


24 






.82 


5 






15 


25 




0.85 

.74 
.72 
.71 
.68 
.65 


.80 


6 




0.83 
.91 
1.00 


16 




.80 


26 




.79 


7 




17 




27 .... 


.59 


.78 


8. 




18 




.85 

".'gi' 


28 


.78 


9 




19 .... 


.70 


29 . . 




.82 


10 


0.89 




20 


30 












31 


.54 













376 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 60 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, nearHilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.65 
.50 


Sec.-ft. 
0.26 


21 


do 


o.Ol 









a Estimated. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 60 at elevation S ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.48 

'".'88 
1.44 

1.00 
1.05 
1.00 
1.05 
1.05 


21 


0.50 




0.88 


2 






a 0.40 

O.40 

.41 

.42 

.42 
.41 
.60 
.54 
.50 


12 




0.60 
.65 
.63 


22 


.86 


3 






13 




23 






.72 


4 






14 


0.52 


24 






.84 


5 






15 


25 . . 




0.72 

.61 

.52 
.52 
.50 
.44 


.79 


6 




0.64 
.70 
.73 


16 




.61 


26 . 




.71 


7 




17 




27 


a. 40 


.68 


8 




18 




.61 

".'78' 


28 


.68 


9 




19 


.53 


29 




.72 


10 


0.65 




20 


30 












31 


(«) 













o No flow. 
Discharge measurements at station No. 61 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.45 
.38 


Sec.-ft. 
0.08 


21 


do 


o.Ol 









a Estimated. 
Note.— This stream is tributary to Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 61 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 1 




0.39 

'".'79 
1.00 

.82 
.92 
.84 
.92 
.92 


21 


0.38 




0.82 


2 . 






0.35 
.36 
.34 
.35 

.35 
.34 
.40 
.45 
.40 


12 


0.40 
.51 
.50 


22 


.72 


3 






13 


23 






.68 


4 






14 

15 


0.40 


24 






.82 


5 






25 




0.44 

.42 
.40 
.40 
.38 
.39 


.72 


6 




0.42 
.50 
.51 


16 ' 


.41 


26 




.70 


7 




17 . 


27 


.35 


.70 


8 




18 


.42 
".'49' 


28 


.70 


9 




19 

20 


.40 


29 




.72 


10 


0.45 




30 










31 


.38 













No flow. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 377 

Discharge measurements at station No. 62 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.58 
1.12 


Sec.-ft. 
18.7 


21 


do 


2.76 









Note. — This station is on the Pohakupaa Stream, which is the north fork of Honolii River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 62 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


1 








11 






1.08 

"i."98 
2.80 

1.95 
2.15 
1.98 
2.18 
2.19 


21 


1.12 




1.75 


2 






i.62 
1.00 
1.00 
1.00 

1.01 
1.02 
1.11 
1.20 
1.11 


12 




1.25 
1.52 
1.48 


22 


1.20 


3 






13 




23 






1.20 


4 






14 


1.20 


24 






1.'75 


5 






15 


25 




1.70 

1.50 
1.42 
1.20 
1.14 
1.02 


1 52 


6 




1.62 
1.82 
2.06 


16 




1.40 


26 




1 40 


7 




17 




27 


1.00 


1.30 


8 




18 




1.55 
'i'82' 


28 


1.28 


9 




19 


1.22 


29 




1 52 


10 


1.54 




20 ;.... 


30 












31 


.90 













Discharge measurements at station No. 63 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet 
0.58 
.52 


S€C.-ft. 

0.20 


21 


do 


02 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 63 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.55 

"".'84 
1.40 

.92 
1.00 

.92 
1.00 
1.02 


21 


0.52 




0.90 


2 






0.51 
.50 
.51 
.52 

.52 
.51 
.59 
.61 
59 


12 




0.52 
.61 
.59 


22 


.86 


3 






13 




23 






.69 


4 






14 


0.53 


24 






.90 


5 






15 


25 




0.58 

.54 
.51 
.54 
.52 
.51 


.74 


6 




0.56 
.60 
.63 


16 




.55 


26 




.70 


7 




17 ... . 




27 ... 


.50 


.68 


8 




18 




.58 

" '."eo' 


28 


.68 


9 




19 


.52 


29 




74 


10 


0.58 




20 


30 


.51 










31 













378 WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 

Daily measurements at station No. 64 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 10 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
0.50 
.45 


See.-ft. 
16 


21 


do ■. 


.05 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 64 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.48 

'".'82 
1.32 

.88 
.92 
.88 
.92 
.94 


21 


0.45 




0.85 


2 






0.45 
.45 
.45 

.45 

.44 
.45 
.50 

.54 
.50 


12 




6.48 
.51 
.52 


22 


.85 


3 






13 




23 






.78 


4 






14 


0.43 


24 






.85 


5 






15 


25 




0.50 

.49 
.45 
.46 
.46 
.45 


.72 


6 




0.51 
.51 
.54 


16 




.50 


26 




.68 


7 




17 




27 


.48 


.65 


8 




18 




.50 

'.si' 


28 


.65 


9 




19 


.45 


29 




.72 


10 


0.50 




20 


30 












31 


.44 













Discharge measurements at station No. 65 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.62 
1.55 


Sec.-ft. 
0.53 


21 


do 


.18 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 65 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






i 


11 






1.55 

"i.'gs 

2.29 

1.80 
1.88 
1.82 
1.88 
1.89 


21 


1.55 




1.65 


2 






1.50 
1.50 
1.50 ~ 

1.50 j 

1.52 

1.51 , 
1.59 ' 
1.62 
1.59 


12 




1.58 
1.68 
1.64 


22 


1.55 


3 






13 




23 






1.55 


4 






14 


1.52 


24 






1.65 


5 . . . 






15 


25 




1.59 

1.51 
1.51 
1.50 
1.50 
1.51 


1.50 


6 




1.61 

1.68 
1.74 


16 




1.60 


26 




1.50 


7 




17 




27 


1.55 


1.50 


8 




18 




1.62 

'i'.eh' 


28 


1.50 


9 




19 


1.55 


29 




1.54 


10 


1.62 




20 


30 












31 


1.51 













ISLAND OF HAW An. 379 

Discharge measurements at station No. 66 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 21 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.50 


Sec.-ft. 
0.02 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 66 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

for 1911. 

[C. BUkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Deo. 


1 








11 






0.45 

"".'75 
1.20 

.88 
.92 
.88 
.92 
.95 


21 


0.50 




0.84 


2 






0.45 
.45 
.46 
.45 

.45 
.45 
.48 
.51 
.48 


12 




0.52 
.69 
.64 


22 


.80 


3 






13 




23 






.78 


4 






14 




24 






.85 


5 






15 




25 




0.61 

.52 
.50 
.50 
.48 
.48 


.70 


6 




0.61 
.68 
.70 


16 




.61 


26 




.68 


7 




17 




27 


.48 


.62 


8 




18 




.64 


28 


.62 


9 




19 




29 




.70 


10 






20 




.64 


30 
















31 


.45 






i 







Discharge measurements at station No. 67 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 

in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage, 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 21 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.40 


Sec.-ft. 
0.14 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No.67 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.40 

'""."82 
1.35 

.92 
1.00 

.92 
1.02 
1.05 


21 


0.40 




0.90 


2 






0.39 
.39 
.39 
.38 

.38 
.39 
.41 
.45 
.41 


12 




0.48 
.60 
.56 


22 


.80 


3 






13 




23 






.74 


4 






14 




24 






.90 


5 






15 




25 




0.51 

.45 
.40 
.41 
.40 
.38 


.80 


6 




0.54 
.60 
.58 


16 




.51 


26 




.80 


7 




17 




27 


.40 


.78 


8 




18 




.54 


28 


.78 


9 




19 




29 




.80 


10 






20 




.55 


30 
















31 


.40 













380 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 68 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Oct. 21 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
4.61 









Note.— This station is on the Waipahoehoe Stream. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 68 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov 


Dec. 


1 








11 






0.81 

"2.' 88 
3.19 

2.05 
2.25 
2.15 
2.25 
2.39 


21. . . . 


1.00 




1 85 


2 






1.05 
.91 

.78 
.81 

.82 
.82 
.85 
.89 
.85 


12 




1.30 
1.84 
1.75 


22 


1.20 


3 






13 




23 






1.00 


4 






14 




24 






1 85 


5 






15 




25 




2.02 

1.62 
1.14 
1.15 
1.10 
1.09 


1.52 


6 




1.81 
2.04 
2.22 
1.95 
1.70 


16 




1.60 


26 




1.42 


7 




17 




27 


.81 


1.40 


8 ... . 




18 




1.88 


28 


1.40 


9 




19 




29 




1.52 


10 




20 




2.10 


30 














31 


.65 













Discharge measurements at station No. 69 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 13 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
6.6 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 69 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.74 


21 




1.25 


2 




0.74 
.72 
.72 
.72 

.72 
.72 

.78 
.81 

.78 


12. 




22 




1.02 


3 




13 


1.00 
.95 


""'i.'32 
1.70 

1.44 
1.50 
1.45 
1.50 
1.55 


23 




1.00 


4 




14 


24 




1.25 


6..: 




15 


25 


0.98 

.82 
.80 
.81 
.78 
.74 


1.10 


« 




16 


.90 


26 


1.05 


7 




17 


27... 


1.00 


8 




18 


.98 


28 


1.00 


9 




19 


29... 


1.10 


10 




20 


1.05 


30 










31 













ISLAND OF HAWAII. 381 

Discharge measurements at station No. 70 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hiio, Hawaii, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 

height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov 13 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
1.01 


Sec.-ft. 
1.78 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 10 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.82 


21 




0.92 


2 




0.89 
.84 
.80 
.80 

.81 
.81 
.86 

.89 
.86 


12 




22 




.85 


3 




13 


1.01 
1.01 


"'"i.'64 
1.64 

1.22 
1.25 
1.24 
1.25 
1.25 


23 




.86 


4 




14 


24 




.92 


5 




15 


25 


1.09 

.95 
.92 
.94 
.92 
.90 


.86 


6 




16 


.98 


26 


.86 


7 




17 


27 


.80 


8 




18 


1.01 


28 


.80 


9 




19 


29 


.86 


10 




20 


1.10 


30 










31 













Discharge measurem,ents at station No. 71 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 13 


C . H . Pierce 


Feet. 
0.74 


Sec.-ft. 
0.11 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 71 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.65 


21 




0.90 


2 




0.64 
.64 
.64 
.65 

.65 
.66 
.69 
.75 
.69 


12 




22 




86 


3 




13 


0.74 
.71 


.'95 

1.36 

.94 
1.00 

.94 
1.02 
1.04 


23 




.86 


4 




14 


24... . 




90 


s 




15 


25 


0.71 

.69 
.65 
.69 
.66 
.64 


.85 


6 




16 


.70 


2Q . 


.85 

.84 


7 




17 


27 


8 




18 


.70 


28 


.84 


9 




19 


29 


.85 


10 




20 


.72 


30 










31 













382 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 72 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 13 


C. H. Pierce 


Fed. 
1.05 


Sec.-ft. 
0.14 









Daily gage height, infect, at station No. 72 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




1.00 


21 




1.16 


2 




0.98 
.95 
.94 

1.00 

1.00 
.99 
1.02 
1.08 
1.02 


12 




22 




1.00 


3 




13 


1.05 
1.01 




23 




1.00 


4 




14 


1.32 
1.70 

1.38 
1.40 
1.38 
1.40 
1.45 


24 




1.10 


5 




15 


25 


1.00 

.98 
.99 
1.00 
.98 
.91 


1.00 


6 




16 


1.01 


26 


1.00 


7 




17 


27 


.98 


8 




IS 


1.05 


28 


.98 


9 




19 


29 


1.00 


10 




20 


1.09 


30 










31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 73 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 13 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
1.19 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 73 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 



[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.65 


21 




0.94 


2 




6.65 
.66 
.66 
.66 

.66 
.65 
.68 
.70 
.68 


12 




22 




.88 


3 




13 


1.00 
.92 




23 




.84 


4 




14 


1.00 
1.55 

1.12 
1.20 
1.12 
1.22 
1.25 


24 




.94 


5 




15 


25 


0.98 

.80 
.70 
.70 
.69 

.68 


.85 


6 




16 


.88 


26 


.81 


7 




17 


27 


.81 


8 




18 


.95 


28 


.81 


9 




19 


29 


.85 


10 




20 


1.00 


30 










31 













ISLAND OF HAWAII. 383 

Discharge measurements at station JVo. 74 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hj'drographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 13 


C.H.Pierce 


Feet. 
2.18 


Sec.-ft. 
22.0 









Note.— This stream is probably the one that is known at the public road near the sea as Kapue or 
Papaikou Stream. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 74 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii,for 

1911. 

fC. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




1.62 


21 




2.00 


2 




1.64 
1.62 
1.60 
1.62 

1.62 
1.62 
1.69 
1.72 
1.69 


12 




22 




1.65 


3 




13 


2.18 
2.11 


""'2.' 78 
3.55 

2.38 
2.45 
2.38 

2.48 
2.55 


23 




1.64 


4 




14 


24 




2.00 


5 




15 


25 


2.34 

2.00 
1.98 
1.90 
1.70 
1.69 


1.80 


6 




16 


2.18 


26 


1.60 


7 




17 


27 


1.50 


8 




18 


2.32 
3.40 
2.52 


28 


1.50 


9.. 




19 ; 


29 


1.80 


10 




20 


30 










31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 75 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 19U. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
0.73 









Daily gage height, infect, at station No. 75 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.91 


21 




0.90 


2 




6.88 
.88 
.88 
.90 

.91 
.92 
.95 
•1.00 
.95 


12 




22 




.88 


3 




13 






23 




.88 


4 




14 


1.02 


1.39 
1.52 

1.20 
1.25 
1.22 
1.25 
1.30 


24 




.90 


5 




15 


25 


1.09 

.98 
.94 
.94 
.90 
.88 


90 


6 




16 


1.00 


26 


.90 


7 




17 


27 


.85 


8 




18 


1.05 
1.28 
1.10 


28 


.85 


9 




19 


29 


.90 


10 




20 


30 










31 













384 WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 76 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.98 


Sec.-fl. 
1.70 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 76 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C, Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.80 


21 




1.00 


2 




0.78 
.78 
.78 
.81 

.81 
.82 
.86 
.89 

.86 


12 




22 




.90 


3 




13 






23 




.88 


4 




14 


1.01 


1.22 
1.48 

1.15 
1.20 
1.15 
1.24 
1.32 


24 




1.00 


5 




IS 


25 


1.10 

.99 
.89 
.89 
.82 
.80 


.95 


6 




16 


1.00 


26 


.90 


7 




17 


27 


.90 


8 




18 


1.05 
1.60 
1.19 


28 


.90 


9 




19 


29 


.95 


10 




20. ^ 


30 










31 

















Discharge measurements at station No. 77 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.80 


Sec-ft. 
0.50 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 77 at elevation 2,500 feet, near, Hilo Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.92 


21 




1.14 


2 




0.98 
.96 
.90 
.94 

.94 
.95 
.94 
.94 
.94 


12 




22 




1.00 


3 




13 






23 




1.00 


4 





14 


0.80 


1.46 
1.61 

1.30 
1.35 
1.34 
1.38 
1.45 


24 




1.10 


5 




15 


25 


1.14 

1.12 
1.10 
1.12 
1.09 
1.01 


1.05 


6 




16 


.75 


26 


1.02 


7 




17 


i 27.. 


1.00 


8 




18 


.95 
1.25 
.95 


28 


1.00 


9 




19 


1 29 


1.05 


10 




20 


30 . 










31 













ISLAND OF HAWAH. 385 

Discharge measurements at station No. 78 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.98 


Sec.-ft. 
0.44 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 78 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.82 


21 




0.98 


2 




0.85 
.86 
.86 
.84 

.84 
.85 
.88 
.89 
.85 


12 




22 




.85 


3 




13 






23 




.85 


4 




14 


1.00 


1.26 
1.45 

1.00 
1.15 
1.00 
1.15 
1.25 


24 




.94 


5 




15 


25 


1.08 

.88 
.89 
.89 
.89 
.85 


.90 


6 




16 


.95 


26 


.90 


7 




17 


27 


.90 


8 




18 


1.02 
1.22 
1.02 


28 


.90 


9 . . 




19 ... 


29 . . 


.94 


10 




20 


30 










31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 79 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
0.58 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 79 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

fC. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.81 


21 




1.02 


2 




0.80 
.79 
.75 
.80 

.81 
.82 
.86 
.88 
.86 


12 




22. . 




.90 


3 




13 






23 




.88 


4 




14 


1.02 


1.30 
1.55 

1.14 
1.26 
1.14 
1.26 
1.35 


24 




1.00 


5 




15 


25 


1.50 

1.35 
.90 
.90 

.88 
.82 


.98 


6 




16 . 


1.05 


26 


.90 


7 




17 


27 


.90 


8 




18 


1.15 
2.10 
1.52 


28 


.90 


9 




19 


29 .... 


.98 


10 




20 


30 










31 













74323°— wsp 31&— 13- 



-25 



386 WATEK EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements at station No. 80 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911 . 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.20 


Sec.-ft. 
1.70 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 80 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.90 


21. . 




1.12 


2 




0.98 
.94 
.90 
.91 

.91 
.92 
.95 
.99 
.95 


12 




22 




1.00 


3 





13 






23 




1.00 


4 i 


14 


1.22 


1.42 
1.65 

1.22 
1.35 
1.22 
1.38 
1.45 


24 




1.12 


5 


15 


25 


1.49 

1.24 
1.12 
1.12 
1.18 
1.10 


1.05 


6 


16 


1.25 


26 


1.02 


7 i .. . . 


17 


27 . . 


1.00 


8 


18 


1.35 
1.90 
1.51 


2S 


1.00 


9 


19 


29 


1.05 


10 


20 


30 








31 















Discharge measurements at station No. 81 at elevation 2 ,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H . Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
9.9 






. 





Note. — This stream is probably the one that is known at the public road near the sea as Hanawai Stream. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 81 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.71 


21... 




0.90 


2 




0.78 
.76 
.65 
.68 

.68 
.69 
.74 
.78 
.74 


12 




22 




.85 


3 




13 






23 




.80 


4 




14 


1.00 
1.38 

1.01 


1.32 
1.55 

1.16 
1.28 
1.16 
1.28 
1.36 


24 




.90 


5 




15 


25 


1.40 

1.25 
.90 
.90 
.89 
.81 


.88 


6 




16 


26. 


.85 


7 




17 


27 


.84 


8 




18 


1.31 
2.10 
1.42 


28 


.84 


9 




19 


29 


.82 


10 




20 


30. 










31 













ISLAND OF HAWAII. 387 

Discharge measurements at station No. 82 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov 14 


C H Pierce 


Feet. 
0.80 


Sec.-ft. 
0.11 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 82 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

(C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.61 


21 




0.92 


2 




0.61 
.60 
.60 
.62 

.60 
.61 
.64 
.68 
.64 


12 




22 




.86 


3 




13 






23 




.80 


4 . . 




14 


0.80 
.82 


.94 
1.25 

.96 
1.05 

.96 
1.05 
1.15 


24 




.92 


5 




15 


25 


0.90 

.81 
.61 
.61 
.61 
.61 


.90 


6 




16 


26 


.85 


7 




17 


.82 

1.08 

.92 


27 


.85 


8 




18 


28 


.85 


9 




19 


29 


.90 


10 




20 


30 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 83 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, 


in 1911. 


Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H . Pierce 


Feet. 
1.00 


Sec.-ft. 
03 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 83 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.) 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.90 


21 




1.20 


2 




0.90 
.90 
.90 
.92 

.90 
.91 
.96 
.95 
.96 


12 




22 




.90 


3 




13 






23 




90 


4 




14 


1.00 
1.04 


1.46 
1.64 

1.32 
1.45 
1.32 
1.45 
1.55 


24 




1.20 


5 




15 


25 


1.09 

.92 
.92 
.91 
.91 
.91 


1 15 


6 




16 


26 . 


1 10 


7 




17 




27 


1.08 


8 




18 


1.08 
1.20 
1.10 


28 


1.08 


9 




19 


29 


1.15 


10 




20 


30 










31 













388 WATER RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

Discharge measurements ai station No. 84 at elevation 2,500 feet, nearHilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.50 


Sec.-ft. 
0. 28 









Daily gage height, in feet, ai station No. 84 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.29 


21 




0.78 


2 




0.30 
.30 
.25 
.25 

.25 
.25 
.30 
.32 
.30 


12 




22 




70 


3 




13 






23 




.60 


4 




14 


0.50 
.45 


.65 
.79 

.70 
.75 
.78 
.79 
.85 


24 




.72 


5 




15 


25 


0.51 

.49 
.31 
.31 
.31 
.30 


.70 


6 




16 


26 


.70 


7 




17 




27 


.65 


8 




18 


.52 
.60 
.55 


28 


.65 


9 




19 


29 


.70 


10 




20 


30 










31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 85 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
0.90 


Sec.-ft. 
3 28 









Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 85 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.75 


21 




0.88 


2 




0.74 

.74 
.74 
.76 

.76 
.75 
.78 
.81 
.78 


12 




22 




.80 


3 




13 






23 




.78 


4 




14 


0.90 
.98 


.99 
1.36 

.92 
1.02 

.92 
1.02 
1.16 


24 




.85 


5 




15 


25 


1.39 

1.20 
.80 
.80 
.79 
.74 


.81 


6 




16 


26 

27 


.80 


7 




17 




.80 


8 




18 


1.02 
1.60 
1.42 


28 


.80 


9 




19 


29 


.82 


10 




20 


30 










31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 86 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H.Pierce 


Feet. 
1.70 


Sec.-fu 
7.6 









Note.— This station is on the principal tributary of Kawainui Riv^er. 



ISLAND OP HAWAII. 



389 



Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 86 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer.] 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




1.54 


21 . 




1.68 


2 




1.55 
1.54 
1.52 
1.52 

1.52 
1.51 
1.59 
1.62 
1.59 


12 




22 




1.55 


3" 




13 






23 




1.55 


4 




14 

15 


1.70 
1.92 


2.75 
3.58 

2.36 
2.50 
2.45 
2.55 
2.68 


24 




1.01 


5 




25 


1.85 

1.74 
1.65 
1.65 
1.66 
1.62 


1.00 


6 




16 


26 


.95 


7 




17 




27 

28 


.95 


8 . 




18 

19 

20 


1.82 
2.30 
1.82 


.95 


9 




29 

30 


1.00 


10 












31 













Discharge measurements at station No. 87 at elevation 2, 500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 14 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
1.35 


Sec.-ft. 
3 36 









Note.— This station is on the north fork of Kawainui River. 

Daily gage height, in feet, at station No. 87 at elevation 2,500 feet, near Hilo, Hawaii, for 

1911. 

[C. Bilkov, observer-l 



Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 






11 




0.98 


21 




1.05 


2 




0.95 
.95 
.95 
.99 

.99 

.98 

1.00 

1.05 

1.00 


12 




22 




.98 


3 




13 






23 




.95 


4 




14 


1.35 
1.54 


1.70 
2.15 

1.50 
1.62 
1.52 
1.66 
1.95 


24 




1.58 


5 




15 


25 


1.59 

1.32 
1.12 
1.12 
1.00 
.99 


1.55 


6 




16 


26 


1.50 


7 




17 




27 


1.50 


8 




18 


1.52 
2.25 
1.62 


28 


1.50 


9 




19 


29 


1.55 


10 




20 


30 










31 













MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS. 

MEASUREMENTS AT ELEVATION 1,800 TO 2,000 FEET IN THE FOREST BACK OF HILO, 

HAWAII. 

A trail was cut through the forest at elevation approximately 2,000 
feet from Waipahoehoe Stream on the north to Kapehu Stream on 
the south. Miscellaneous measurements were made on some of these 
streams. For the purpose of these measurements the streams are 
considered in order southward, and those between the Maih and 
Awehi are numbered consecutively. These numbers have no con- 
nection with the numbers of the stations at elevation 2,500 feet. 



390 WATER EESOURCES OP HAWAII. 

Miscellaneous measurements at elevation 1,800 to 2,000 feet, near Eilo, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Tributary to— 


Refer- 
ence 
point. o 


Dis- 
charge. 


May 5 
20 


Uhakauwai 




Feet. 
2.15 
2.18 
1.48 
1.54 


Sec.-ft. 
5.4 


do 


' do... 


5 1 


Apr. 30 


Maili 


Honolii Bay . 


11.7 


May 20 
Apr. 30 
May 20 
Apr. 30 


do 


do .. 


8 9 


No. 1, south of Maili 




0.44 


do 






0.20 


No. 2, south of Maili ! 




0.72 


May 20 
Apr. 30 
May 20 
Apr. 30 
May 20 


do \ 




0.90 


No. 3, south of Maili 


2.80 
2.90 
3.71 
3.75 


3 51 


.do 


2.63 




3.63 


do 


2.30 







a Distances measured to water surface from a fixed point above. 

MEAStJREMENTS FROM HILO TO LATTPAHOEHOE. 

There are about 60 streams between Hilo and Laupahoehoe, Dur- 
ing 1911 several sets of miscellaneous measurements were made on 
these streams along the public road near the coast. Some of the 
measurements were made at low periods and give a good indication 
of what may reasonably be expected as a minimum flow. The most 
important streams are those south of Hakalau. 

Miscellaneous measurements of streams between Hilo and Laupahoehoe in 1911. 
[Measurements made in vicinity of public road.] 



Date. 


Stream. 


Refer- 
ence 
point. a 


Dis- 
charge. 


Date. 


Stream. 


Refer- 
ence 
point.a 


Dis- 
charge. 


Feb 16 


Pukihae 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 
54 
9.5 
46.0 
22.9 
6 200 
10.0 
3.7 
19.3 
7.2 
6 40 

40.0 
C40.8 
39.0 
6 150 
7.5 
18.3 
7.4 
6 25 
6 250 
101 
6 500 
4.4 
7.9 
22.4 
6 100 

35.4 
6 200 

3.9 
42.8 
66 


Nov. 
Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 

Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 
Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 
Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 

Feb. 

Mar. 
Nov. 
Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 
Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 
Feb. 
Mar. 
Nov. 


25 
18 
23 
25 
25 

18 
23 
15 
20 
23 
25 
20 
23 
25 
25 
21 
21 
24 
28 
21 
24 
28 
21 
24 
28 
21 
24 
28 
28 


Kapue (or Papaikou) . . 


Feet. 


Sec.-ft. 
6 250 


Mar. 17 


do 


4.75 
4.32 
4.54 
.3.4 


Kaieie 




7.5 


20 


do 


do 


3.64 
3.37 


6.8 


Apr. 15 
Nov 24 


do 


do 


26.9 


do 


Ditch, diversion from 
Kaieie Stream 




Feb 17 


Pohakunanaka 


1.6 


Mar. 17 


do 


3.45 
3.12 
3.34 
2.9 


Aleamai 




22.2 


20 


. . do 


do 


4.12 
3.43 


11.1 


Apr. 15 
Nov 24 


do 


do 


47.5 


do 


Kalaoa (Puu Moi) 


4.6 


Feb 17 




do 


2.25 
1.62 


6.3 


Mar. 20 


do 


3.60 
3.43 


do 


24.1 


Apr. 19 
Nov 24 


. do 


Hanawai 


40.3 




do 


3.05 


41.0 


Feb 17 


Kikola 




do 


6 150 


Mar 20 


... do 


2.85 
3.42 
2.8 






6 25 


Apr. 19 

Nov 24 


do 


Kavvainui d 




56 


do 


Waiaama 




22.5 


Feb. 17 




do 


3.92 


30.1 


Mar 20 


do 


3.30 


do 


24.0 


Nov 24 


do 


Pepeekeo 




5.9 


Feb 20 






do 


4.55 
4.33 


2.6 


Mar. 20 
Nov 25 


do 

do ... 


""4.'96' 


do 

Kapeha 


6.0 
2.6 


Feb 18 


Waipahoehoe 


do 

do 

Makoewai 


4.28 
4.25 


4.8 


Mar. 22 
Nov 25 


do 

do 


5.03 


6.4 
11.9 


25 


Flume, diversion from 
Waipahoehoe Stream 




do 

. do .... 


3.68 
2.90 


7.8 
12.5 


Feb. 18 


Flume, diversion from 
Makoewai Stream 




Mar. 23 


do 


3.93 


3.7 



a Distance measured to water surface from a fixed point above, 

b Estimated, or partly estimated. 

c Mean of two measurements. 

a See measurements listed on p. 345. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 391 

Miscellaneous measurements of streams between Hilo and Laupahoehoe in 1911 — Contd. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Refer- 
ence 
point. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Date. 


Stream . 


Refer- 
ence 
point. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Feb. 


21 

24 

28 

28 

22 

24 

2 

22 

25 

2 

22 

25 

2 

25 

25 

2 

27 

30 

5 

4 

10 

5 

4 

10 

6 

4 

10 

6 

7 

10 

6 

7 

9 

6 

7 

9 

6 

9 

6 

7 

9 

6 

7 

9 

6 

7 

9 
6 
7 
9 
6 
7 

29 
7 
8 

29 
7 
8 

29 
7 
8 

29 




Feet. 


Sec.-ft- 

13.4 

11.9 

16.6 

3.1 

9.1 

4.9 

19.8 

9.1 

3.4 

10.5 

41.6 

26.6 

53.0 

7.1 

4.2 

8.7 

45.6 

26.5 

48.2 

65.0 

6.9 

6.0 

a 50.0 

23.6 

17.7 

5.7 

2.2 

0.6 

20.5 

9.8 

12.1 

3.7 

4.1 

5.3 

5.0 

7.7 

4.2 

1.0 

0.5 

4.4 

6.6 

8.2 

0.6 

1.1 

0.5 

4.6 
2.8 
2.2 
1.0 
1.0 
2.8 
0.7 
2.6 
1.5 
2.1 
1.7 
0.7 
1.8 
0.9 
1.3 
2.5 
1.6 


Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Feb. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 

Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 
Mar. 

Dec. 


7 
8 

29 
7 
8 

29 
7 
2 

29 
7 
2 

29 

2 
29 

7 
2 
2 
2 
2 

27 

28 
7 
8 
2 

27 

28 
7 
2 

28 
7 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
1 

28 
8 
3 
3 

28 

28 
7 




Feet. 
1.95 


Sec.-ft. 
1.4 




do 


0.98 
0.70 
2.7 




7.0 




do 


do 

do 


3.10 


2.6 




[No name] 


3.2 


FPb 




Kahina Pukii 




1.0 


Mar. 


do 


3.28 

2.78 


do 

do 


2.18 


0.2 


Dec. 


do 


a 0.02 


Feb. 


Ahole 




4.2 


Mar. 


do 

.....do 


3.14 
2.80 


do 


1.17 
2.95 


2.0 


Dec. 


.... do 


0.5 


Feb. 


Papaa (Kulanakii) 


6.8 


Mar. 


do 

.....do 

Kaahakini . . . 


2.89 
2.62 


do .... 


1.34 


2.5 


Dec. 


do 


1.8 


Feb 


Pohakupuka 




7.0 


Mar. 


do 

do 


2.26 
1.90 


do 


2.65 


4.1 


Dec. 


do 


4.4 


Feb 


Huliilii 




0.0 


Mar. 


do 

.do 


3.53 


Okole 




0.0 


Dec. 


Puu Olii 




0.0 


Mar. 


Haunapueo 

do 

do . 


"'3.' 40" 
3.43 


Maulua 




5.2 


Apr. 
Dec. 


.... do 




0.0 


do 


1.90 


2.8 


Mflr 


Wailua. . . 


.... do 


ol.O 


Apr. 
Dec. 


do 

do . 


3.38 


Koheaka 




6 300 


.. do 




1.6 


Mfir 


Eehui (Peleau) 

do 

.do 


""'3.'77" 
3.83 


do 




0.0 


Apr. 
Dec. 


do 


2.20 


0.2 


.... do 


0.0 


Mar. 




Weloka 




2.5 


Apr. 
Dec. 


.do 


1.96 
1.83 


do 


1.51 


1.5 


do 


do..- 


a 0.5 


Mar. 


Nanus 


Keaalau 




11.1 


Apr. 
Dec. 


.. do 


1.41 
1.33 


.... do 


3.44 


1.0 


do 


do 


6.0 


Mar. 




Kapehu 




3.9 


Apr. 
Dec. 


do 


4.43 
4.45 
1.08 


do 




a 0.1 


do ... 


do 




0.3 


Apr. 
Dec. 


[Nameless] 

do . 






2.8 


do . . 


1.82 
1.93 


0.4 


Mur 


Walkaumalo. 




.... do 


0.2 


Apr. 
Dec. 


do 


i.gi 

2.00 




4.8 


.do.... 


. . do 


1.49 


0.7 


Mar 




.... do 


1.7 


Apr. 


do 

do 

Kaleiiki and Kapena 


2,38 
2.48 


Kihalani 




3.5 


Dec. 


.... do 


2.92 


0.2 


Mar 


do 


0.9 




Ho\umahoe 




3.1 


Apr. 


do 


1.08 
0.73 


do 


3.02 


0.8 


Dec. 


do.... 


do 


0.7 


Mar 








5.3 


Apr. 


do 

. ..do 


2.08 


do 


2.57 


0.9 


Dec. 


.... do 


3.8 


Mar 






Puu Alaea 




6.0 




.do 


2.57 
2.68 


.... do 


1.62 


0.6 


Dec. 


do 

Ninole. . . 


do 


00.5 


Mar 


Kilau 




2.0 




do 

.do.... 


1.59 
1.62 


do 




0.1 


Dec. 


do .. 


1.9 


Mar 






al.O 




.do 


2.48 


do. c. 




03.0 


Dec. 


do 


do 




0.0 


Mar 










0.0 




do 


1.26 


.... do 




0.0 













a Estimated, or partly estimated. 

6 From estimates made by engineers of Hilo Railroad. 

c Measurement of south fork one-half mile above public road. 

OTHER STREAMS AND FLUMES. 

Various miscellaneous measurements were made on other streams 
and flumes in the Hilo group. They are given below, being arranged 
in order from south to north so far as possible. 



392 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Miscellaneous measurements in Eilo group in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Nov. 21 


Olaa flume 


Kaumana road 

do 


Sec.-ft. 
16.8 


21 


Wainaku flume 


2.9 


20 


Hilo water reservation 


Punahoa 


1 8 


20 


Mission water head 


do 


1.5 











HAMAKUA GROUP OF STREAMS. 
GENERAL FEATURES. 

The Hamakua district lies along the eastern coast of Hawaii and 
includes portions of the northern slopes of Mauna Kea and the 
Kohala Mountains. That part of the district which properly belongs 
to the Mauna Kea slope has very few, if any, permanent streams. In 
the east end of the district there are a larger number of gulches, 
some of which carry streams for considerable periods after heavy 
rainfall, but are dry at other seasons. 

On the Kohala slope there are numerous permanent streams, the 
largest and most important being Waipio River and its tributaries. 
Such of these streams as are not in the Kohala district make up the 
Hamakua group. 

WAIPIO RIVER BASIN. 
GENERAL FEATTTRES. 

The Waipio River basin lies on the eastern slope of the Kohala 
Mountains. From its mouth near Waipio village it extends south- 
ward for 4 or 5 miles as a deep, broad canyon, thence westward 
toward the summit of the mountains. The walls of the canyon 
are very steep and are 1,000 to 2,000 feet high. The main stream, 
which is called Kawainui (the big water) in its upper course, has sev- 
eral tributaries entering from the south. These are Alakahi, Koiawe, 
and Waima. A large part of the water which originates in this basin 
appears as springs below elevation 1,000 feet. Two ditch systems 
have been built on the eastern slope of the Kohala Mountains, both 
of which are supplied from the Waipio streams. 

The old or upper Hamakua ditch takes water from the various 
Waipio tributaries, beginning in Kawainui at elevation 4,042 feet, 
and after dropping down the streams at various points follows 
around nearly on the divide between Waimea and- Kohala, finally 
delivering the water at elevation 2,934 feet. This ditch was originally 
intended for fluming only, but is now used partially for irrigation. 
Two reservoirs, one of 72,000,000 and one of 200,000,000 gallons 
capacity, have been built at elevation 3,000 feet. The lower ditch, 
known as the New Hamakua, heads in the main or Kawainui stream 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



393 



at elevation 1,037 feet, and intercepts water from the three prin- 
cipal tributaries through side intakes. Although the ditch usually 
diverts all the water from the various streams at the intakes, large 
quantities appear at lower elevations. 

Gaging stations have been established on the main stream above 
the ditch intake and at points below the confluence of the Koiawe 
and Waima streams. 

KAWAINTTI OF WAIPIO RIVER NEAR WAIPIO, HAWAII. 

A gaging station was estabhshed on Kawainui River July 20, 1911, 
above the intake of the new Hamakua ditch about 5 miles from 
Waipio village and 1,037 feet above sea level. Tliis station was put 
in by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. under the direction of Jorgen 
Jorgensen, engineer. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the left 
bank and is used to obtain gage heights. 

Low-water measurements are made by wading and high-water 
measurements are made from a footbridge about 10 feet below the 
gage. Not enough measurements have been made to rate the sec- 
tion, but daily gage heights have been obtained through the assistance 
of the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. 

The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the main branch 
of Waipio River above the intake of the lower ditch. 

Discharge measurements of Kawainui of Waipio River near Waipio, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
26.5 


Si. ft. 
39.0 


Feet. 
1.15 


Sec.-ft. 
28.8 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Kawainui of Waipio River near Waipio, Hawaii, for 1911. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Julji. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.65 

1.80 
1.55 
1.50 
1.40 

1.30 
1.40 
1.65 
1.80 
1.70 

1.70 
2.00 
2.60 
1.80 
2.25 


1.90 
2.00 
2.15 
2.20 
2.00 

2.00 
2.20 
2.05 
2.20 
1.85 

3.00 
2.15 
1.95 
2.20 
2.30 


2.20 
2.05 
2.25 
2.50 
2.25 

2.10 
2.30 
2.25 
1.98 
1.90 

1.85 
1.70 
1.60 
1.45 
1.75 


1.28 
1.30 
1.30 
1.35 
1.50 

2.00 
1.55 
1.40 
1.35 
1.30 

1.22 
1.20 
1.65 
2.05 
2.30 


1.35 
1.30 
1.30 
1.20 
1.20 

1.25 
1.35 
1.30 
1.20 
1.20 

1.20 
1.20 
2.50 
3.15 
3.60 


16 




2.45 
2.58 
2.35 
3.25 
2.05 

1.75 
1.35 
1.80 
2.70 
2.35 

2.20 
2.30 
2.25 
2.70 
2.50 
2.05 


1.85 
1.40 
2.20 
1.90 
2.00 

1.95 
2.60 
2.40 
2.35 
2.65 

2.30 
2.45 
2.60 
2.30 
3.30 


1.90 
2.40 
1.95 
1.48 
1.40 

1.40 
1.40 
1.40 
1.30 
1.32 

1.30 
1.30 
1.30 
1.40 
1.30 
1.30 


1.35 
2.10 
2.00 
2.45 
1.70 

3.10 
6.25 
2.65 
2.50 
2.05 

1.55 
1.35 
1.90 
2.10 
1.70 


2.35 


2 




17. 




2 55 


3 




18 




2.65 


4 




19 




2.50 


5 




20 


2.35 

2.00 
2.40 
5.52 
1.82 
1.75 

1.70 
1.70 
1.70 
1.75 
1.80 
1.70 


2.15 


6 




21 


2.00 


7 




22 


1. 70 


8 




23. .. 


1.60 


9 




24 


1 40 


10 




26 


1.40 


11 




26 


1.35 


12 




27 


1.30 


13 




28. .. 


1.30 


14 




29 


1.40 


15 




'30 


1.40 






31 


1.50 









394 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



WAIPIO RIVER BELOW KOIAWE, NEAR WAIPIO, HAWAII. 

A gaging station was established on Waipio River below its con- 
fluence wdth Koiawe Stream July 20, 1911. The station was estab- 
Hshed by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. under the direction of Jorgen 
Jorgensen, engineer. 

A staff gage, graduated in tenths of feet, is fastened to the left 
bank of the stream and is used to obtain gage heights. 

Low-water measurements are made by wading and high-water 
measurements from a footbridge. 

Not enough measurements have been made to rate the section, 
but daily gage heights have been obtained through the assistance 
of the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. 

The discharge at this point gives the total flow of the stream 
exclusive of water taken by the two ditches above. Ordinarily the 
water appearing here comes from springs below the ditches. 

Discharge measurements of Waipio River below Koiawe, near Waipio, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
26.0 


Sq.ft. 
41.8 


Feet. 
0.90 


Sec.-ft. 
27.2 









Daily gage height, in feet, of Waipio River below Koiawe, near Waipio, Hawaii, for 1911. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




1.15 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 

1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.10 

1.10 
1.35 
1.90 
1.10 
1.70 


1.10 

1.50 
1.30 
2.10 
1.25 

1.20 
2.30 
2.30 
1.40 
1.15 

3.50 
2.25 
2.00 
1.65 
1.25 


2.00 
1.60 
1.80 
3.00 
1.80 

1.40 
2.80 
2.15 
1.60 
1.18 

1.70 
1.25 
1.00 
.95 
.95 


0.92 
1.05 
.95 
1.05 
1.35 

1.30 
1.20 
1.20 
1.15 
1.00 

.95 

.92 
1.80 
1.62 
1.90 


1.00 
.95 
.92 
.90 
.90 

.90 
.90 
.90 
.90 
.90 

.90 

.90 

3.30 

2.90 

5.00 


16 




2.40 
2.30 
1.45 
3.10 
1.10 

1.10 
1.10 
1.12 
3.30 
2.40 

1.40 
2.00 
1.40 
2.90 
2.70 
2.20 


1.10 
.95 
2.40 
1.42 
1.65 

1.70 
2.30 
3.00 
2.30 
1.80 

2.90 
3.00 
2.70 
2.50 
4.00 


1.20 
2.90 
1.20 
1.00 
.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 

.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.95 
.92 


1.00 
1.70 
1.00 
2.80 
1.22 

3.70 
3.90 
3.30 
3.00 
1.80 

1.05 
.95 
2.70 
2.80 
1.10 


2.75 


2 




17 




2.75 


3 




18 




3.90 


4 




19 




3.50 


5 




20 

21 


2.20 

1.25 
2.30 
1.20 
1.15 
1.12 

1.10 
1.10 
1.10 
1.12 
1.15 
1.10 


2.15 


6 




1.35 


7 




22 


1.10 


8 




23 


1.05 


9 




24 


1.00 


10 




25 


.95 


11 




26 


.90 


12 




27 


.90 


13 




28 


.90 


14 




29 


.90 


15 




30 


.90 






31 


1.22 









WAIPIO RIVER BELOW WAIMA, NEAR WAIPIO, HAWAII. 

A gaging station was estabhshed on Waipio River about 400 feet 
below its confluence with Waima stream July 20, 1911. The station 
was put in by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. under the direction of 
Jorgen Jorgensen, engineer. 

A staff gage, graduated to tenths of a foot, is fastened to the south 
side of the stream and is used to obtain gage heights. 

Low-water measurements are made by wading, and high-water 
measurements from a footbridge about 100 feet above the gage. 

Not enough measurements have been made to rate the section, 
but daily gage heights have been obtained through the assistance 
of the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



395 



The discharge at this station gives the total flow of the stream 
below all main tributaries exclusive of the water taken by the two 
ditches above. Ordinarily the flow at this point represents water 
which originates from springs below the ditches. 

Discharge measurements of Waipio River below Waima, near Waipio, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Dec. 10 


C. H. Pierce 


Feet. 
36.5 


8q. ft. 
58.0 


Feet. 
0.4S 


Sec.-ft. 
54.8 









Daily gage 


height, in feet, o 


/ Waipio River below Waima, near 


Waipio, Hawaii, for 


1911. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.55 
.60 
.58 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.50 
.58 
.60 
.55 

.58 
.95 

1.35 
.60 

1.05 


0.60 
.75 
.65 

1.15 
.65- 

.60 
1.20 
1.20 
.70 
.68 

1.80 
1.12 
.65 
.65 
1.05 


0.92 
.65 
.55 

1.80 
.90 

.70 
1.50 
1.05 
.70 
.65 

.70 
.62 
.52 
.50 
.55 


0.50 

.52 
.50 
.50 
.65 

.65 
.55 
.58 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.50 
.90 
.80 
.65 


0.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.50 
.50 
■ .50 
.50 

.50 
.50 
1.75 
1.50 
3.50 


16 




1.65 
1.20 

.85 
2.20 

.70 

.58 
.55 
.55 
1.70 
1.50 

.72 
1.00 

.82 
1.80 
1.70 
1.10 


0.70 
.50 

1.40 
.70 
.88 

.70 
1.70 
1.15 
1.20 

.90 

1.80 
1.88 
1.65 
1.30 
2.00 


0.62 
1.58 
.75 
.52 
.50 

.50 
.50 
.50 

.50 
.50 

.52 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 
.50 


0.52 
.55 
.50 

1.48 
.65 

2.05 
2.35 
1.75 
1.70 
05 

.60 
.50 
1.55 
1.45 
.68 


1.42 


2 




17 




1.52 


3 




18 




2.08 


4 




19 




1.85 


5 




20 


1.60 

.75 
1.40 
.70 
.65 
.62 

.60 
.60 
.60 
.62 
.65 
.6 


1.10 


6 




21 


.68 


7. 




22 


.50 


8 




23 


.50 


9 




24 


.50 


10 




25 

26 

27 


.50 


11 




.50 


12 




.50 


13 




28 


.50 


14 




29 


.50 


15 




30 


.50 






31 


.65 









NEW HAMAKUA DITCH AT WAIMA, NEAR WAIPIO, HAWAII. 

Since the opening of the New Hamakua ditch in July, 1910, the 
Hawaiian Irrigation Co. has kept a record of the gage heights in the 
Waima flume which is below the last intake into the ditch and about 
6 miles above the measuring weir at Kukuihaele. As soon as suffi- 
cient measurements are made for rating the section the daily dis- 
charge of the ditch at this point will be computed. 

Discharge measurevients of New Hamakua ditch at Waima, near Waipio, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gage 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


May 26 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
6.9 


Sq.ft. 
23.3 


Inches. 
39J 


Sec.-ft. 
63 









NEW HAMAKUA DITCH AT WEIR, NEAR KUKUIHAELE, HAWAU. 

The Hawaiian Irrigation Co. has a large weir on the New Hamakua 
ditch at Kukuihaele (PI. X, B). The weir consists of six 5-foot panels 
with a good stilling basin and is undoubtedly one of the best and 
most reliable weirs in the Territory. An automatic clock register 
is used for recording the head. The records at this weir include the 
total flow of the ditch exclusive of water sent over the waste way a 
few hundred feet above. The records for this weir have been 
furnished to the Geological Survey by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. 



396 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Discharge measurements of New Hamakua ditch at weir, near Kukuihaele, Hawaii, in 1911. 



Date. 


Hydrographer. 


Width. 


Area of 
section. 


Gaee 
height. 


Dis- 
charge. 


May 25 
27 


W. F. Martin 


Feet. 
6.8 
8.6 

8.7 


Sq.ft. 
15.0 
18.9 
19.6 


Inche.1. 
8.1 
8.1 
8.1 


Sec.-ft. 
55 


do 


53 


27 


do 


55 









Note. — Gage height is depth of water on weir. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of New Hamakua ditch at weir, near Kukuihaele, Hawaii, 

for 1910-11. 



Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1. 




53 
55 

58 
57 
68 

65 
65 
66 
66 
66 

65 
65 
66 
64 
65 


58 
57 
56 
56 
55 

55 
54 
54 
54 
53 

53 
52 
52 
52 
65 


68 
70 
68 
66 
58 

65 
63 
67 
69 
69 

69 
65 
61 
58 
56 


54 
53 
53 
52 
52 

51 
51 
52 
51 
54 

61 
52 
51 
50 
49 


61 
61 
61 
62 
62 

62 
62 
61 
61 
62 

62 
62 
61 
60 
59 


1910, 
16 . 




60 
58 
56 
59 
68 

62 
68 
68 

68 
68 

68 
68 
68 
67 
63 
61 


59 
53 
52 
51 
50 

50 
61 
51 
50 
61 

61 

50 
53 
64 
68 


55 
54 
53 
52 
55 

67 
58 
61 
64 
57 

56 
54 
65 
69 
60 
56 


50 
60 
67 
63 

58 

64 
60 
69 
69 
69 

60 
56 
54 
66 
68 


58 


2 




17 




58 


3 




18 

19 

20 


14 
37 
41 

43 
49 
53 
50 
49 

50 
49 
51 
50 
49 
50 


57 


4 




56 


5 




66 


6 




21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27... 


66 


7 




56 


8 




56 


9.. 




61 


10 




62 


11 




61 


12... 




59 


13 




28 

29 

30 

31 


66 


14 




65 


15 




64 






54 








Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1911. 
1 


54 
64 
62 
54 
50 

56 
53 
53 
53 
53 

53 
53 
53 
54 
54 

53 
53 
54 
54 
54 

54 
53 
51 
52 
59 

64 
60 
63 
63 
63 


65 
63 
64 
64 
63 

63 
62 
51 
47 
16 

.8 
11 
21 
15 
25 

26 
25 
32 
36 
36 

38 
38 
37 
37 
37 

39 
38 
38 


50 
50 
51 
50 
50 

50 
50 
50 
50 
50 

50 
50 
50 
50 
50 

50 
50 
51 
52 
52 

52 
52 
52 
52 
52 

53 
53 
54 
54 
53 
53 


53 
53 
53 
53 
53 

53 
53 
54 
53 
53 

53 
53 
53 
53 
65 

54 
59 
56 
53 
53 

53 
53 
53 
53 
53 

53 
53 
54 
53 
53 


53 
53 
53 
55 
54 

53 
53 
53 
54 
53 

54 
53 
59 
60 
65 

68 
58 
54 
54 
53 

54 
53 
53 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
53 
53 
53 


53 
54 
53 
53 
53 

53 
54 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
55 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
54 

54 
53 
54 
54 
54 


54 
54 
54 
54 
54 

63 
54 
53 
54 
53 

54 
53 
64 
54 
53 

54 
53 
53 
54 
54 

55 
54 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
54 


58 
58 
60 
60 
59 

58 
59 
60 
61 
61 

61 
61 
61 
62 
62 

62 
62 
62 
61 
61 

61 
61 
61 

62 
61 

61 
62 
61 
61 
62 
fi9 


62 
62 
56 
56 
56 

56 
56 
56 
56 
56 

56 
56 
57 
56 
56 

64 
66 

57 
56 
57 

56 
66 
52 
52 
53 

53 
53 
53 
53 
53 


53 
53 
53 
53 
53 

53 
54 
53 
53 
64 

65 
65 
65 
64 
64 

65 
55 
54 
54 
54 

54 
53 
56 
58 
58 

68 
57 

57 
57 
58 

P,7 


57 
58 
58 
59 
59 

58 

58 
58 
58 
67 

58 
56 
57 
58 
59 

67 
58 
58 
59 
58 

68 
59 
58 
58 
59 

57 
58 
59 
58 
58 


63 


2 


53 


3 


53 


4 


53 


5 


53 


6 


55 


7 


55 


8 


55 


9 


54 


10.. 


53 


11 


63 


12 


52 


13 


55 


14 


65 


15 


55 


16 


55 


17 


56 


18.. 


56 


19 


56 


20 


56 


21 


56 


22 


55 


23 


55 


24 


55 


25 


65 


26 


56 


27 


56 


28 


66 


29 


56 


30 


53 


31 


56 



























Note. — Daily discharge in second-feet computed by the Geological Survey from records of daily discharge 
in gallons per 24 hours furnished by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. 



ISLAND OF HAWAU. 397 

Monthly discharge of New Hamakita ditch at weir, near Kukuihaele, Hawaii, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. Minimum. Mean 



Run-oft 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910. 

July 18-31 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

1911. 

January 

February .' 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



45.4 
63.4 
54.0 
61.5 
57.3 
59.2 



55.6 
38.8 
51.2 
53.5 
54.9 
53.8 
53.8 
60.8 
56.2 
67.1 
58.0 
54.7 



54.1 



1,260 
3,900 
3,210 
3,870 
3,410 
3,640 



3,420 
2,150 
3,150 
3,180 
3,380 
3,200 
3,310 
3,740 
3,340 
3,510 
3,450 
3,360 



39,200 



DISCHARGE MEASUREMENTS OF WAIPIO RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES IN 1901-2. 

During the months of September, October, November, and Decem- 
ber, 1901, and January, 1902, measurements were made of Waipio 
River and of the four principal tributaries at various elevations by 
Arthur S. Tuttle, civil engineer, Mr. Tuttle was employed in this 
work by the trustees of the estate of B, P. Bishop, who were inter- 
ested in the development of an irrigation supply from Waipio Valley. 
The records have been furnished to the Geological Survey by the 
trustees of the estate of B. P. Bishop through the courtesy of Mr. 
F. S. Dodge, superintendent. Records were kept of daily precipi- 
tation during the period of measurements, and these are given as an 
aid to making estimates for the days on which discharge measure- 
ments were not obtained. 

The records state that daily discharge was "determined by weir 
readings and the calibration of river gages." 



398 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall in inches at Waipio Valley, Hawaii, during the period Aug. S, 1901, to Jan. 

1902. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




(0 
0.01 
.38 
.11 
(0 

.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 

.44 
.00 
.08 
(0 
.00 


0.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.39 

.00 

.08 
(0 
.00 
.00 

.00 
.01 

(') 

.00 
.00 


0.00 
.04 
(') 
.14 
.08 

.34 

.56 
1.30 
3. .30 
3.00 

.10 
.15 
.79 
.30 

.50 


0.05 
.03 
.12 
.04 
.11 

.10 

.00 
.51 
.00 
(0 

.21 

.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 


0.14 
.05 

(') 

W 
.03 

.17 

.03 

.00 

1.55 

.43 

(0 
.35 

.18 
.34 
.02 


16 


in 

c-) 

C") 

(>■) 

.00 
.00 
.06 
.23 
.03 

(0 
.22 
.14 
.49 
.76 
.00 


0.00 
.00 
.08 
.21 
.00 

.04 
.00 
.01 
.00 
.00 

.00 
.02 
.00 
.00 
.00 


0.36 
.04 
.08 
.00 
.20 

.13 
.61 
.41 
.23 

.28 

(0 
.47 
.^4 
(') 
.00 
.00 


0.00 
.00 
.22 
(') 
.00 

.04 
.12 
.10 
.00 
.32 

.00 
.05 
.00 
.00 
.00 


0.00 
.00 
.00 
.64 
.00 

.00 
.00 
.76 
.55 
.00 

(0 

.05 

1.55 

2.28 

.21 

.08 


0.02 


o 




17 


.00 


3 


0.00 
.00 
(>•) 

(r) 

(r) 

(r) 

.on 

.00 


18 


.21 


4 


19 

20 


.00 


5 


.00 


6 


21 


(0 
.03 


7 . . 


22 

23 


8 




9 


24 




10 


25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 

The month. 




11 




12 




13 

14 

15 










01.93 


1.38 


3.33 


11.45 


7.29 


6 3.55 



o Aug. 21 to 31. 
6 Jan. 1 to 22. 



•■Rain, but amount not measured. 

* Trace of rain, but too small to measure. 



Note.— The record for each day includes the precipitation for the 24 hours ending at 6 a. m. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waipio River at elevation 360 feet, near Waipio, Hawaii, 
for Aug. 15, 1901, to Jan. 22, 1902. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




93 
78 
263 
134 
82 

83 
70 

72 
66 
63 

63 
149 
98 
98 
124 


56 
55 
55 
53 
51 

61 
60 

60 
68 
60 

54 
52 
51 
87 
61 


71 
64 
63 
66 

77 

122 
116 

"'262' 

"230' 
259 


60 
60 
67 

"'83' 

100 
92 
72 

120 
81 

184 
102 
60 
64 
57 


122 

148 
191 
100 
100 

80 
75 

125 
80 

254 

160 
82 
186 

■■'158 


16 




80 
102 

69 
100 

84 

73 
69 
66 
64 
61 

60 
60 
60 

58 
56 


59 
85 
62 
59 
53 

60 
85 
176 
148 
119 

194 
116 

' ' i22' 

88 
77 


"253' 
100 

86 
80 
120 
112 
81 

90 

75 
72 
68 
63 




58 
55 
53 
51 
53 

52 
51 
49 
83 
114 

70 
57 
56 

420 
242 
258 




9 




17 


68 

73 

,73 

217 

128 
88 
72 
92 

130 

93 

86 
86 
81 
172 
164 




3 




IS 


89 


4 




19 


98 


5 




20 

21 




6 




96 


7 




22 


82 


8 




23 




9 . . 




24 

25 




10 






11 




26 




12 




27 




13 




28 




14 




29 




15 


69 


30 






31 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kawainui Stream at elevation 2,120 feet, near Waipio, 
^ Hawaii, for Sept. 24, 1901, to Jan. 16, 1902. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




5.4 
6.5 
6.4 
6.5 
6.4 

11 
11 

12 
13 
9.0 

8.0 
7.0 
7.0 
15 
7.6 


9.0 

8.1 
7.4 
7.4 
8.1 






16 




8.1 
13 
9.6 
8.2 
0.9 




6.9 
6.6 
7.1 
6.2 
6.9 

5.8 
6.2 


10 


2 . . 








17 






3 








18 






4 .. . . 








19 






5 








20 






6 








21 






7 










22 




16 






8 










23 






9 










24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


6.6 
6.4 

6.4 
6.8 
6.8 
6.5 
5.6 










10 










20 








11 






60 

14 
9.8 
7.6 
7.6 










12 




30 








13 










14 




22 
12 
9.4 








15 

































ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



399 



Daily discharge, m second- feet, of Kawainui Stream at elevation 1,435 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Oct. 6, 1901, to Jan. 16, 1902. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




12 
11 
11 
10 
11 

63 

27 

75 


12 

12 
12 
13 
19 

19 
17 
15 
37 
16 

65 
16 
13 
11 
11 


i7 

15 

i4 

35 


16 


10 
17 
12 
10 
9.6 

10 
19 
69 
33 

26 

60 
34 
41 
28 
17 
13 


19" 

14 
20 
18 


9.9 
9.6 
10 
9.2 
9.9 

8.8 
9.2 
9.2 


13 


2 




17 




3 




18 




4 




19 




5 


8.6 

12 
12 
13 
16 
11 

13 
9.2 
9.3 

18 
12 


20 




6 


21 




7 .. 


22 




8 


23 




9 


24 




10 


25 


14 

15 
14 
13 
12 

12 






11 


26 


13 
14 
10 




12 . .. 


27 




13 


28 




14 


29 




15 


30 








31 


21 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kawainui Stream at elevation 775 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Sept. U, 1901, to Jan. 20, 1902. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




16 
16 
15 
16 
15 

18 
19 
20 
24 
19 

17 
16 
16 
26 

18 


20 
19 
18 
17 
19 

67 
36 
90 


20 
19 
27 
28 
34 

33 

29 
22 
40 
24 

76 
29 
22 
20 
19 


44 
90 
67 
32 
38 

20 

53 
23 
105 

59 
25 
81 
59 

72 


16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


24 
24 
20 
35 
27 

21 
21 
19 
18 
18 

17 
16 
16 
16 
16 


17 
24 
19 
17 
16 

17 
26 
77 
44 
37 

74 
38 
50 
38 
24 
21 


47' 

41 

27 
23 
32 
43 
26 

28 
24 
22 
20 
20 


18 
18 
18 
18 
18 

18 
18 
17 
23 
26 

22 
21 
18 


33 


2 




30 


3 






4 




38 


5 




34 


6... 






7 






8 






9 






10. 






11.. . 






12 






13. -. 






14 


32 
41 




15 








44 













Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Branch No. 3 of Kawainui Stream at elevation 1,700 
feet, near Waipio, Hawaii, for Sept. 10, 1901, to Jan. 16, 1902. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 . 




0.4 
.4 
.3 
.5 
.4 

.5 
.4 
.5 
.5 
.4 

.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 
.4 


0.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.7 

1.7 
1.0 
2.9 


0.9 
.8 
.7 
1.0 
1.3 

1.2 
1.0 

.8 
1.3 

.9 

1.6 
1.0 

.8 
.8 
.7 


o.'s 

1.1 


16 

17 

IS 

19 

20 

21 

22 
23]!;;;;; 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


0.9 
.7 
.7 
1.2 
1.0 

.9 

.9 
.7 
.6 
.5 

.5 
.4 
.5 
.4 
.4 


0.4 

.7 
.5 
.5 
.5 

.5 

.8 

3.2 

1.6 

1.3 

3.7 

1.4 

""'i.'e' 
1.0 
.9 


"'"i.'e" 

1.3 
1.0 
1.4 


0.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.5 

.6 


1 3 


2 






3... . 






4 






5 






6 






7 






8 






9.. 








10 


0.7 

.9 
2.0 
1.7 
1.5 
1.6 


1.2 

.7 
1.2 
1.0 

.9 

.8 






11 






12 






13 






14 






15 

























400 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Branch No. 2 of Kaxvainui Stream at elevation 1,405 
feet, near Waipio, Hawaii, for Sept. 5, 1901, to Jan. 16, 1902. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dee. 


Jan. 


1 




1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 
1.2 


1.1 
1.0 
1.0 
1.1 
1.1 

2.0 
1.4 
2.3 


1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.3 
1.4 

1.4 
1.2 
1.0 
1.3 
1.2 

1.2 
1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.1 


i.'4 

1.0 

i.'2 

2.2 


16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31 


1.2 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 
1.5 

1.2 
1.1 
1.1 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.0 
1.0 


0.9 
1.2 
1.0 
1.0 
1.0 

1.6 
1.4 
3.4 
1.7 
1.2 

2.0 
1.3 
1.7 
1.5 

1.3 
1.1 


""'i.'5' 

1.3 
1.2 
1.5 


1.2 
1.0 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 

1.1 
1.1 
1.1 


1.5 


2 






3 






4 






5 

6 

7 

8 


1.2 

1.1 
1.0 




9 


1.0 
1.2 

1.1 
1.5 
1.3 
1.3 
1.4 




10 


1.2 

.6 
1.2 
1.1 
1.2 
1.1 









11 

12 

13 

14 


1.1 
1.1 

.9 




15 








1.7 






1 





Daihj discharge, in second-feet, of Branch No. 1 of Kaxvainui Stream at elevation 1,380 
feet, near Waipio, Hawaii, for Sept. 5, 1901, to Jan. 16, 1902. 



Day. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Sept. 


Oct.. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




0.7 
.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.8 
.6 
.7 
. 7 
.6 

.6 

.6 
.6 
.6 
.6 


0.8 

.8 
.8 
.7 
.8 

1.7 
1.1 
2.2 


0.8 
.8 
.7 
.8 

1.1 

1.1 

.9 
.7 
1.0 
.9 

1.5 

.9 

.8 
.7 
.7 


i.'i 

1.2 

i.o 

3.1 


16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

21 

22 

23 

24 

25 

26 

27 

28 

29 

30 

31... 


1.0 

.9 

.8 

1.2 

1.7 

1.0 
1.1 

.8 
.6 
.8 

.8 
.7 
.7 
.7 
.7 


0.6 
.8 
.6 
.6 
.6 

.7 

.9 

3.5 

1.8 

1.4 

4.4 
1.5 
2.4 
1.6 
1.2 
.9 


""'i.h' 

1.2 

1.1 

1.5 


0.7 

.7 
.6 

.7 
.7 

.6 
.6 
.6 


1 2 


2 






3 






4 






5 

6 

7 

8 


1.3 

1.0 
.9 




9 


.8 
.8 

.8 
1.6 
1.4 
1.1 
1.3 




10. . . 


1.1 

1.1 
.9 
.9 

.8 
.8 






11 

12 

13 

14 


. 7 
.7 
.6 





15 








1.5 














Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Alakahi Stream at elevation 1,200 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Oct. 3, 1901, to Jan. 17, 1902. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1. 




10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


10 
9.9 

9.7 


"'""29 


16 


10 
11 
10 
10 
9.9 

10 
12 


is' 

11 
11 
12 
18 
11 

12 
10 
11 
11 
10 


9.4 
9.8 

12 

11 
9.0 

9.0 
8.9 
9.0 




2 




17 


14 


3. 


9.6 
9.3 
9.0 


18 




4 


19 




5. 


14 

14 
12 
11 
14 
11 


15 


20 




6 


21 




7 


9.5 
9.8 

U 

10 


13 


22 




8 


23. ... 




9 


24 


17 
15 

36 
15 
31 
15 
12 
11 




10 


25 






11 


26 


10 

8.0 
8.5 




12 


9.G 
9.9 
9.3 
9.9 




13 
11 
10 
9.7 


22 


27 




13 


28 




U 


29 




15 


30 








31 

















ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



401 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Alakahi Stream at elevation 730 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Aug. SI, 1901, to Jan. 19, 1902. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 






14 
14 
14 
14 
14 

15 

15 

15 
15 
17 

15 
14 
15 
15 
15 


16 
15 
14 
14 
16 

24 

20 
28 


16 
15 
15 

""26' 

20 
17 
15 
21 
17 

57 
20 
16 
16 
15 


20 
45 
31 
17 
17 

""ie 

16 
17 
65 

30 
15 
49 
36 
34 


16 




17 
16 
15 
21 
21 

17 
16 
15 
15 
15 

14 
14 
14 
14 
14 


14 
16 
14 
14 
14 

14 
18 
35 
25 
22 

47 
20 
34 

22 

18 
16 


"'25' 
23 

19 
18 
19 
18 
19 

20 
19 
17 
17 
16 


15 
14 
15 
14 
14 

14 
14 
14 
17 
18 

15 
14 
12 


17 


2 




18 
15 
34 
21 

18 
17 

15 
15 
15 

15 
33 


17 




IS 


3 




18 






4 




19 




13 


5 




20 






6 




21 






7 




22 






8 




23 






9. 




24 






10 




25 






11 




26 






12. 




27 






13 




28 






14 




20 
22 


29 






15. 




30 




49 
20 








31 


24 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Koiawe Stream at elevation 1,120 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Oct. 4, 1901, to Jan. 4, 1902. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1. 




6.3 

5.8 
5.1 
5.1 
6.0 

6.3 
9.8 


6.2 
6.0 
6.2 

""6.'2' 

7.3 
7.0 
6.4 
10 
6.5 

26 
8.4 
6.8 
6.6 
6.3 


'""i5" 
8.'6 


16 


5.8 
6.0 
5.8 
5.8 
5.6 

5.7 
7.2 

15 

13 

15 

15 


'"'g.'i' 

8.6 
6.8 
8.0 

""7.'9' 

8.8 
8.0 
7.6 
6.4 
6.2 


6.4 
6.0 
6.2 
6.0 
6.2 

6.2 
6.1 
6.1 
8.0 




2 




17 




3 




18 




4 


6.3 


19 




5 


20 




6 




21 




7 




22 




8 




23 




9 . 


6.3 
6.1 

6.0 
5.8 
6.2 
5.6 
5.6 




24 




10 


25 




11 


26 


7.8 
6.3 
6.0 




12 .. . 


27 




13 


28 






14 


29 


9.7 
7.2 
6.4 




15 


30 , 

31 








13 











Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Koiawe Stream at elevation 610 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Aug. 26, 1901, to Jan. 22, 1902. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




13 
13 
13 
19 
16 

12 
12 
12 
12 
12 

11 
22 


10 
10 
10 
11 
10 

10 
10 
10 
10 
11 

10 
10 
10 
10 
10 


10 
9.9 
9.5 

8.5 
8.7 

9.2 

11 


10 
9.7 
10 
...... 

12 
12 
10 
14 
9.4 

39 
13 
11 
10 
9.1 


13 
20 
21 
13 
14 

""is 

14 
12 
40 

21 
12 
20 
20 
18 


16 




11 
11 
11 
12 
11 

12 
11 
11 
11 
11 

11 
10 
11 
11 
10 


10 

10 
10 
10 
9.9 

9.9 

12 
21 
19 
17 

20 
13 

"u" 

11 
10 


"'is' 

14 

13 
12 
12 
14 
12 

14 
12 
12 
11 
11 


9.9 
9.6 
9.6 
9.9 
9.6 

9.6 
9.3 
9.4 

11 

11 

10 
9.7 
9.0 


15 


2 




17 




12 


3 




18 






4 




19 




11 


5 




20 




13 


6 




21 






7 




22 




12 


8 




23 






9. 




24 






10 




25 .... 






11 




26 


12 
12 
15 
31 
15 
20 




12 




27 




13 




28 




14 




12 
12 


29 




15 




30 


29 
16 








31 











74323°— wsp 318— 13- 



-26 



402 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waima Stream at elevation 790 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, for Aug. S, 1901, to Jan. 5, 1902. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




9.7 
9.6 
13 
9.7 
9.5 

9.5 
9.5 
9.5 
9.8 
8.8 

8.8 
9.8 

""8."8" 


8.8 
8.8 
8.7 
8.8 
8.8 

9.2 
8.9 
8.5 
8.2 
8.6 

8.5 
8.4 
8.7 
8.5 
7.7 


"7.'6' 
7.0 
7.5 

7.5 
8.8 


8.8 
8.4 
9.3 

"8.'4' 

8.4 
8.5 
9.2 
9.5 
7.6 

8.9 
8.2 
8.2 
9.5 
8.2 


"'9."4 
9.2 
8.9 
9.0 


16 


7.0 
8.7 
9.4 
9.2 


8.8 
8.2 

"'s.'o' 

8.3 

8.6 
7.9 
8.0 

8.4 
8.8 

8.4 


8.0 
8.0 
8.6 
7.6 
7.4 

7.2 
7.6 
7.2 
8.0 

8.8 

7.5 


"u" 

13 

13 
12 
11 
12 
11 

12 
12 
12 
11 
9.3 


9.5 
9.4 

9.2 

8.2 
9.3 

9.2 
9.4 
9.6 
9.7 
9.6 

9.4 
9.6 
9.2 




2 




17 




3 


9.0 
9.2 
9.7 

9.9 
8.9 
9.0 
8.6 
8.6 

8.4 
7.7 
7.2 
7.5 
7.2 


18 




4 


19 




5 


20 




6 


21 


8.9 
8.8 
8.4 
9.3 
10 

9.2 
9.5 
9.5 
9.4 
9.6 
10 




7 


2'^ 




8 


23 




9 


24 




10 


25. 




11 


26 




12 


27. . 




13 


28 


8.8 
8.8 
8.8 


"k'.Q 
7.0 
7.0 





14 


29 




15 


30 


14 






31 















Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Waima Stream at elevation 385 feet, near Waipio, 
Hawaii, Aug. 17, 1901, to Jan. 6, 1902. 



Day. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


Day. 


A Ug 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Jan. 


1 




19 
19 
22 
22 
18 

18 
18 
19 
19 
19 

19 
19 
19 
19 

18 


18 
18 
18 
17 
17 

17 
19 
19 
18 
18 

18 
17 
18 
18 
18 


17 
18 
18 
18 
19 

18 
18 


19 
19 
20 

'"ig" 

19 

19 
19 
20 
18 

19 
18 
18 
20 
18 


20 
19 
19 
19 
19 

19 


16 




19 
19 
19 
20 
20 

19 
19 
19 
19 

17 

19 
18 
18 
18 
18 


17 
19 
19 

IS 
18 

17 
18 
17 
17 
19 

19 
18 

'"'is" 

19 
17 


""'23" 

22 

22 
21 
20 
21 
20 

21 
21 
21 
20 
20 


20 
19 
19 
18 
19 

19 
19 
20 
20 
20 

19 
20 
19 




2 




17 


18 
18 
22 




3 




18. ... 




4 




19 




5 




20 




6 




21 






7 




22 


17 
17 
20 
20 

19 
19 
20 
19 

18 
19 




8 




23. 




9 




24 




10 




25 




11 




26 




12 




27. 




13 




28 




14 




29 




15 




30. ... 


24 
20 








31 





MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS. 



The following miscellaneous measurements have been made on 
streams and ditches of the Hamakua group : 

Miscellaneous measurements in Hamakua group in 1911. 



Date. 


Stream. 


Locality. 


Dis- 
charge. 


Mar. 3 






Sec.-ft. 
0.8 


3 




do 


ol.O 


May 25 


Feeder ditch 6 


Kukuihaele 


8.9 









a Estimated. 



b Measurement made 50 feet below 5-foot weir. 



ISLAND OF HAWAII. 403 

KOHALA GROUP OF STREAMS. 
GENERAL FEATURES, 

The Kohala group includes all streams on the northern slope of the 
Kohala Mountains from Awini Stream westward. The principal 
streams are Awini, Honokane, and Pololu, the largest of which is 
Honokane. Honokane Stream has two main branches which rise 
high up on the mountains. The water from these streams is inter- 
cepted by a series of ditches which carry the water westward for 
irrigation. 

HONOKANE STREAM BASIN. 

DISCHARGE MEAStTREMENTS OF THE EAST AND WEST BRANCHES OF THE 
HONOKANE STREAM IN 1901. 

During the months of October, November, and December, 1901, 
measurements were made of the two branches of the Honokane 
Stream at different elevations by Arthur S. Tuttle, civil engineer. 
Mr, Tuttle was employed in this work by the trustees of the estate 
of B. P. Bishop, who were interested in the development of an irri- 
gation supply from this source. The records have been furnished 
the Geological Survey by the trustees of the estate of B. P. Bishop 
through the courtesy of Mr. F. S. Dodge, superintendent. Records 
were kept of daily precipitation during the period of measurements, 
and these are given as an aid to making estimates for the days on 
which discharge measurements were not obtained. 

The records state that daily discharge was ''determined by weir 
readings and the cahbration of river gages," -* 

Rainfall, in inches, at Honokane Valley, Hawaii, during the period Oct. 18 to Dec. SI, 1901. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




0.02 
.03 
.40 
.05 

LOO 

1.20 
1.15 
4.10 
1.40 
.10 

.80 
.50 
.40 
1.70 
.10 


(a) 

(a) 
0.30 
.10 
.20 

.20 

.00 

L40 

.00 

.85 

.20 

(a) 
.00 
.00 

(«) 


16 




(a) 

0.15 
.30 
.35 

(o) 

.05 

.08 
.23 
(a) 
.75 

.00 
.10 
.00 
.00 
(a) 


(a) 
0.00 


2 




17 


3 




18 


0.15 
(a) 
.10 

.30 

.30 
.20 
.10 
.15 

.25 
.15 
.15 
(a) 
.00 
.02 


.00 


4 




19 


.20 


5 




20 


.00 


6 




21 


.00 


7 




22 


.00 


8 




23 


.80 


9 




24 


.15 


10 




25 


(0) 


11 




26 


.15 


12 




27 

28 


13 




2.30 


14 




29 


3.15 


15 




30 


(a) 
.00 






31 




The month 






6 1.87 


14.96 


10.00 



o Trace of rain, but too small to measure. b Oct. 18 to 31. 

Note. — The record for each day includes the precipitation for the 24 hours ending at 6 a. m. 



404 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation 1,300 
feet, near Honokane, Hawaii, for Nov. 11 to Dec. 31, 1901. 



Day. 


Nov 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




7.6 
7.6 
7.3 
7.7 
10 

13 
11 
8.4 
11 
12 


11 


21 

56 
28 
60 
26 

19 
18 
24 
26 
24 


62 
21 
12 
9.6 

8.8 

8.8 
7.8 
8.3 
7.4 
7.4 


21 


12 
10 
13 
20 
11 

13 
10 
9.0 

8.4 
7.8 


7.3 


2 




12 


22 


7.1 


3. . 




13 


23 


7 1 


4 




14 


24 


13 


5 




15 


25 


14 


6 




16 


26 


8.8 






17 


27. . 


8.0 


8 




18.. . . 


28 

29 


7 8 


9 




19 


90 


10 




20 


30 


72 








31 


22 











Monthly discharge of East Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation 1,300 feet, near Hono- 
kane, Hawaii, for Nov. 11 to Dec. 31, 1901. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


Nov. 11-30 


60 
90 


7.8 
7.1 


20.8 
16.3 


825 




1,000 





Daily discharge, in second-feet, of East Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation 770 feet, 
near Honokane, Hawaii, for Oct. 21 to Dec. 31, 1901. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1 




23 
23 
22 
22 
22 

47 
38 
68 
80 
46 


)4 
14 
14 
15 
17 

21 
18 
16 
26 
21 


11 




28 
57 
38 
68 
42 

26 
24 
30 
28 
26 


83 
28 
19 
17 
16 

16 
15 
15 
14 
14 


21 


24 
25 
40 
33 
31 

64 
48 
68 
38 
28 
26 


20 

17 
18 
24 
18 

20 
17 
16 

15 
15 


14 


2. 




12.. 




22 


14 


3 




13 




23 


13 


4 




14 




24 


24 


5 




15 




25 


21 


6 




16 




26 


17 


7.. 




17 




27 


15 


8 




18 




28 


15 


9 




19.. 




20.. 


102 


10 




20 '- 




30 


77 










31. 


63 









Monthly discharge of East Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation 770 feet, near Hono- 
kane, Hawaii, for Oct. 21 to Dec. 31, 1901. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofi 
(total in 
acre-feet). 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


Oct. 21-31 


68 
80 
102 


24 
15 
13 


38.6 
31.3 
25.4 


842 


November 


1,860 


December 


1,560 







ISLAND OF HAW An. 



405 



Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation l,S70feet, 
near Honokane, Hawaii, for Nov. 4 to Dec. 31, 1901. 



Day 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1. 




0.6 
.6 
.6 

.7 
.7 

.7 

.7 

.6 

3.7 

2.2 


11 


4.2 
5.7 
3.4 

8.4 

4.7 

2.6 
2.0 
2.0 
1.4 
1.2 


30 
5.8 
2.4 
1.4 
1.1 

.9 

.7 
.8 
.6 
.7 


21 


9 
.8 
1.1 
1.1 
1.1 

1.3 

1.1 
1.0 

.8 
.7 


0.6 


2 




12 


22 


.6 


3 




13 


23 


.6 


4 


0.25 

.27 

1.2 
1.7 
4.0 
24 
7.6 


14 


24.., 


.8 


5. 


15. . 


25 


1.4 


6.. 


16.. . 


26 


.9 


7 


17 


27 


.8 


8. . 


18. . 


28 

29 

30 

31 


.6 


9 


19 


45 


10.. 


20 . . 


25 






6.1 











Monthly discharge of West Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation 1,370 feet, near 
Honokane, Hawaii, for Nov. 4 to Dec. 31, 1901. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-ofl 
(total in 
acre-feet). 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


November 4-30 


24 
45 


0.25 
.6 


3.13 

4.45 


168 


December 


274 







Daily discharge, in second-feet, of West Branch of Honokane Stream at elevation 775 feet, 
near Honokane, Hawaii, for Oct. 21 to Dec. 31, 1901. 



Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


Day. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1.... 




0.21 
.10 
.04 
.08 
.17 

.47 
1.5 

12 

25 
1.6 


0.24 
.24 
.14 
.6 
.31 

.21 

.19 

.16 

4.3 

1.6 


11 




2.7 
3.6 
2.4 
14 
5.5 

2.2 
1.3 
1.5 
1.0 
.6 


35 

4.5 

1.8 

.9 

.6 

.48 
.27 
.39 
.29 
.20 


21 


0.10 
.10 
.10 
.05 
.10 

1.0 
2.3 
2.8 
1.9 
1.0 
.49 


0.5 
.38 
.40 

.47 
.47 

.3 
.5 

.48 

.8 

.22 


0.15 


2 




12 




22 


.12 


3.. 




13.. 




23.. 


.11 


4 




14 




24 


.6 


5.. 




15.. 




25.- 


.9 


6.. 




16.. 




26.. 


.5 


7 




17 




27 


.41 


8.. 




18. 




28. 


.24 


9 




19.. 




29.. 


51 


10 




20 




30 


28 










31.. 


5.5 









Monthly discharge of West Branch of Honokane Stream at -elevation 775 feet, near Hono- 
kane, Hawaii, for Oct. 21 to Dec. 31, 1901. 





Month. 


Discharge in second-feet. 


Run-off 
(total in 
acre-feet). 




Maximum. 


Minimum. 


Mean. 


October 21-31 


2.8 
25 
51 


0.05 
.04 
.11 


0.90 
2.69 
4.51 


20 


November 


160 


December 


277 







KOHALA DITCH NEAR KOHALA, HAWAII. 

The Kohala ditch heads in Awini Stream at elevation of 1,040 feet 
and extends westward, taking in water from the several streams. 
An upper ditch, recently constructed, heads in the eastern branch 
of Honokane Stream at an elevation of 4,200 feet and is used to sup- 
plement the lower ditch. These ditches have been constructed by 
the Kohala Ditch Co., which supplies water to the plantations in 



406 



WATER EESOUnCES OP HAWAII. 



Kohala. The total flow of the ditch is measured by a weir, and the 
records for 1910 and 1911 have been furnished to the Geological 
Survey by the Kohala Ditch Co. through the courtesy of Mr. P. W. P. 
Bluett, superintendent. 

Daily discharge, in second-feet, of Kohala ditch near Kohala, Hawaii, for 1910-11. 



Day. 


Jan. 


Feb. 


Mar. 


Apr. 


May. 


June. 


July. 


Aug. 


Sept. 


Oct. 


Nov. 


Dec. 


1910. 
1 


24 
23 
23 
23 
30 

48 
34 
31 
27 
36 

38 
44 
54 
54 
48 

48 
51 
63 
54 
54 

54 
48 
48 
48 
44 

44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
39 

36 
35 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 
49 


44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
38 

36 
38 
54 
44 
39 

38 
38 
36 
35 
35 

36 
44 
44 
44 
38 

36 
36 
36 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 


38 
38 
48 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
36 
34 

34 
31 
30 
29 
27 

25 
25 
24 
24 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
54 

54 
54 
54 
54 
45 
44 

49 
38 
38 
38 
38 

36 
36 
35 
33 

38 

38 
36 
34 
30 
29 

29 
28 
49 

49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

39 
35 
30 

28 

60 


44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
38 
36 
36 

44 
54 
54 
45 
44 

44 
38 
34 
38 
39 

48 
35 
35 
36 
38 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
42 

38 

38 
38 
38 
35 
31 

34 
60 
60 
60 
60 

60 
60 
60 
58 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 

49 


44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 

44 

34 
34 
34 
34 
33 

31 
31 
30 
28 
29 
30 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
44 
36 

35 
34 
33 
33 
33 
33 


44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 

44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

44 
44 
44 
44 
44 

45 
57 
57 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 


49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
39 
39 
38 

35 
34 
33 
30 
30 
30 


49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
38 
29 
30 
66 

66 
54 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
38 
35 
35 

25 
25 
24 
23 

22 

22 
22 
22 

27 
25 

24 
27 
35 
35 
35 

35 
36 
36 
36 
39 

38 
38 
38 
39 
39 

39 
39 
39 
40 
40 
40 


33 

28 
28 
24 
24 

23 
23 
23 
23 
23 

23 
22 
20 
20 
23 

28 
25 
24 
23 
19 

18 
IS 
17 
17 
17 

17 
17 
17 
16 
25 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49. 
49 
49 
49 


49 

49 
36 
35 
28 

33 
33 

54 
54 
54 

54 
36 
34 
25 
24 

24 
24 
22 
19 
19 

28 
34 
35 
29 
27 

24 
20 
24 
51 
34 
28 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
49 
49 
49 
49 

49 
40 
38 
31 
31 

31 
31 

28 
28 
28 

25 
25 
24 
24 
25 
25 


24 
23 
23 
20 
19 

22 
18 
18 
18 
17 

20 
20 
18 
17 
17 

15 

27 
54 
49 
47 

47 
47 
66 
63 
49 

36 
35 
33 
66 
60 

25 
24 
24 
28 
34 

36 
38 
40 
38 
36 

38 
36 
35 
38 
40 

38 
34 
34 
34 
34 

34 
34 
34 
34 
34 

40 
39 
39 
40 
40 


49 


9 


49 


3 


49 


4 


49 


5 


49 


G 


49 




49 


8 


49 


9 


49 


10 


49 


11 


40 


12 


40 


13 


40 


14 


36 


15 


36 


16 


35 


17 


34 


18 


33 


19. 


31 


20 


28 


21. . 


27 


22 


27 


23 


27 


24 


27 


25 


31 


26 


30 


27. 


30 


28 


30 


29 


30 


30 


28 


31. 


28 


1911. 
1 


38 


2 


36 


3 


34 


4. 


31 


5 


31 


6 


31 


7 


34 


8 


34 


9 


33 


10 


31 


11 


31 


12 


24 


13 


38 


14.. 


49 


15 


49 


16 


49 


17 


49 


18. 


49 


19 


49 


20 


49 


21 


49 


22 


49 


23 


49 


24 


39 


25 


35 


26 


34 


27.. . . 


33 


28 


34 


29. 


35 


30 


35 


31 


38 







ISLAND OP HAWAII. 407 

Monthly discharge of Kohala ditch near Kohala, Haivaii, for 1910-11. 



Month. 



Discharge in second-feet. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Mean. 



Kun-ofE 
(total in 
acre-feet). 



1910. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 

1911. 

January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



22 



42.4 
40.8 
41.7 
42.1 
39.6 
44.0 
49.0 
47.4 
21.9 
33.5 
32.9 
37.4 



39.4 



47.8 
49.0 
39.2 
48.6 
45.4 
49.4 
44.7 
32.4 
49.0 
39.3 
35.1 
38.7 



43.1 



2,610 
2,270 
2,560 
2,510 
2,430 
2,620 
3,010 
2,910 
1,300 
2,000 
1,960 
2,300 



28, 540 



2,940 
2,720 
2,410 
2,890 
2,790 
2,940 
2,750 
1,990 
2,920 
2,420 
2,090 
2,380 



31, 240 



MISCELLANEOUS MEASUREMENTS. 



The following miscellaneous measurements on the streams of the 
Kohala group were made during 1911: 

Miscellaneous measurements in Honokane Stream drainage basin in 1911. 



Date. 



Stream. 





Refer- 


Elevation. 


ence 




point." 


Feet. 


Feet. 


4,200 


0.33 


4,200 


1.58 


4,175 


.35 


4,200 


2.01 


4,182 


.33 


4,202 


.21 


4,204 


.86 


4,200 


.34 


4,200 


2.81 


4,037 


.56 


4,025 


3.27 


4,020 




4,018 


1.21 


4,020 


2.46 


4,034 


.50 


4,013 


.10 


4,009 


.21 


3,984 


.19 


3,937 


.15 


3,876 


2.71 


3,858 


.23 



Dis- 
charge. 



Dec. 



East Branch of Honokane. 

Tributary No. 1 

Tributary No. 2 

Tributary No. 3 

Tributary No. 4 

Tributary No. 5 

Tributary No. 6 

Tributary No. 7 

Tributary No. 8 

Tributary No. 9 

Tributary No. 10 

Tributary No. 11 

Tributary No. 12 

Tributary No. 13 

Tributary No. 14 

Tributary No. 15 

Tributary No. 16 

Tributary No. 17 

Tributary No. 18 

Tributary No. 19 

West Branch of Honokane 



Sec.-ft. 

30.1 

.6 

5.2 

6.0 

2.3 

.8 

1.3 

.03 

.3 

6.6 

.4 

4.0 

1.0 

.7 

.9 

.9 

1.2 

1.0 

.8 

.4 

5.7 



a Distances measured to water surface from a fixed point above. 
Note. — The streams are taken in order from east to west along the line of the upper Kohala ditch tjail. 



408 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

SPRINGS AND UNDERGROUND WATERS. 

In many sections of the island of Hawaii the rain either runs off as 
rapidly as it falls or sinks immediately into the porous lava formation. 
In a few places underground water has been developed by tunneling, 
the Olaa Sugar Co. getting a large part of its water supply in this way. 
At many places at or near sea level there are springs which are fairly 
constant in their flow. One of these springs at Punaluu on the south 
coast is at sea level and is estimated to flow 30 to 40 second-feet. This 
particular spring may be the outlet of a submerged river, the origmal 
channel of which has been filled by lava flows. There is undoubtedly 
a large amount of underground water at some places on the island of 
Hawaii, particularly in the Puna district, but the difficulties in the way 
of developing it have so far prevented its utilization. 

RAINFALL RECORDS. 

GENERAL FEATURES. 

Owing to the comparatively small drainage areas of streams in the 
Territory of Hawaii and the fact that practically all the precipitation 
is in the form of rain, the greater part of which if allowed to follow its 
natural course would reach the sea within a few hours, it must follow 
that there is a close relation between the rainfall and stream flow. 
This relation is accentuated by the heavy gradients of the streams and 
the steep slopes of the sides of their basins. As the water supply of 
every island is limited to what is precipitated between its shores, by 
measuring the rainfall some idea may be had of the total amount of 
run-off. 

Rainfall records covering several years have been kept at a number of 
places on the islands, mostly at low elevations near the sea. These 
records are useful in showing the variation in rainfall from month to 
month and on the different sides of the islands, but do not tell the 
amount precipitated on the areas which supply the principal streams. 
To procure data covering this last point, which is of primary impor- 
tance in connection with stream flow, it has been necessary to place rain 
gages in the mountains at places remote from all habitations and as 
a rule accessible only by difficult or even dangerous journeys on foot. 
Under these circumstances it is of course impossible to obtain daily 
readings, so a special type of gage was designed which could be read 
at intervals of one or two months as the amount of rainfall required 
and the accessibility of the station permitted. (See PI. XI, A.) 
This type of gage consists of a galvanized-iron container, 8.40 inches 
diameter and 24 inches high, with a copper receiver 5.94 inches 
diameter joined to the container by a tapering neck. To prevent loss 
by evaporation the bottom of the receiver is contracted to an opening 
of f-inch diameter, to which is attached on the bottom a short tube 



U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 



WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 318 PLATE XI 




A. TYPES OF RAIN GAGES. 




B. RAINFALL AND EVAPORATION STATION AT WAIAKOALI CAMP, KAUAI. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON KAUAI. 409 

with an upturned end forming a trap. With this relation between the 
diameters of receiver and container a factor of 2 is introduced, so that 
the container holds 48 inches of rainfall when the water in it is 24 
inches deep; when the gage is full to overflowing it contains 51.6 
inches of rainfall. Other gages of the same type but larger are made 
by increasing the diameter of the container to 13.28 inches and 18.78 
inches, which, by using the 5.94-inch receiver, give measuring factors 
of 5 and 10, respectively. The diameter of the receiver is made 5.94 
inches in all the gages, so that 1 inch of rainfall taken by it will weigh 
1 pound. This relation is made use of as a check on the measured 
depth of water in the gage, the observers being supplied with spring 
balances and required to weigh the gage before and after emptying. 

Careful comparisons have been made of this special gage with the 
standard daily gage, United States Weather Bureau type, and it has 
been found impossible to discover any loss by evaporation from the 
former when read at intervals of one or two months.^ 

In studymg the data given on the following pages it will be seen 
that the rainfall is much heavier back among the mountains than it 
is along the coast, and that in general the north and east slopes receive 
more ram than the south and west slopes. This is due to the fact that 
the moisture-laden "trade winds" coming from the northeast cause 
the greater amount of precipitation on the windward or koolau sides 
of the islands. The leeward or kona sides, being protected from the 
prevailing northeast winds, receive less rain, except when occasional 
kona storms come in from the south. 

Although rain gages have been placed at a number of points at high 
elevations in the principal basins and on divides, it is not considered 
that the distribution of gages is as yet sufficiently complete to warrant 
the construction of isohyetose lines. In presenting the data, the 
amount of rainfall is given in inches per month so far as possible, and 
it is also expressed in inches per day for the year or period covered. 

RAINFALL RECORDS ON ISLAND OF KAUAI. 

During 1910 and 1911 rainfall records were obtained at 58 different 
stations on Kauai. Of these stations, 22 were above 1,000 feet in 
elevation, 17 were above 2,000 feet, and 13 were above 3,000 feet. 
The records at all the stations 2,000 feet and over in elevation, with 
one exception, were obtained by means of the United States Geologi- 
cal Survey special type of rain gage. In the following tables credit 
is given for use of the data collected by the United States Weather 
Bureau and also for those furnished by cooperating parties. A view 
of station No. 6 is shown in Plate XI, B. The location of the sta- 
tions is shown on Plate XIII (at end of volume). 

» See records at station No. 9, Oahu and station No. 14, Hawaii. 



410 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall stations on Island of Kauai. 



Elevation 
(feet). 

1. Kilohana 4,023 

2. Lehuamakanoi 3,932 

3. Paukahana 3, 723 

4. Mohihi-Koaie divide 3, 950 

5. Mohihi, upper crossing 3,500 

6. Waiakoali camp ' 3, 450 

7. Kokee 3,550 

8. PuuLuai 3,500 

9. Waialae 3,600 

10. Keanakua 4,450 

11. Kahana-Makuone divide.. 3,750 

12. Waialeale 5,080 

13. Olokele mauka 2, 100 

14. Olokele ditch 1,310 

15. Mana pump 30 

16. Waiawai 30 

17. Kekaha 40 

18. Camp No. 7, nearWaimea. 150 

19. Hiloa-Hanapepe divide... 2,080 

20. Hanapepe Valley 510 

21. Makaweli 140 

22. Camp No. 2, near Hana- 
pepe 250 

23. Eleele 150 

24. Wahiawa mauka 2, 000 

25. McBryde residence 900 

26. Wahiawa 225 

27. Homestead 631 

28. Lawai (east) 600 

29. Lawai (government road). 450 



30. Lawai (west) 

31. Lawai Beach 

32. Koloai 

33. Kukuiula 

34. Puuhi 

35. Mahaulepu 

36. Kamoola ditch 

37. Wilcox ditch 

38. Aakukui 

39. Kukaua 

40. Lihue (Kilohana) 

41 . Molokoa 

42. Grove farm 

43. Lihue 

44. Hanamaulu 

45. Waiahi 

46. Hanahanapuni 

47. Summit camp 

48. Kapehuala 

49. Pohakupili 

50. Pueo 

51 . Kapahi 

52. Kealiai 

53. Halaula 

54. Kilauea 

55. Kapaka 

56. Sanborn's residence 

57. Intake, Wainiha canal 

58. Power house, Kauai Elec- 

tric Co 



Elevation 
(feet). 

225 

5 

241 

100 

75 

90 

835 

725 

350 

1,000 

400 

250 

200 

200 

200 

600 

911 

1,900 

3,130 

2,589 

2,747 

300 

15 

250 

342 

1,123 

105 

700 

125 



Rainfall at Kilohana {station No. 1) on divide between Wainiha and Waimea rivers, 

Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 4,023 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
faU. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Indies. 


Inches 
per 

day. 


1910. 
Julv 11a 


23 
39 
35 
24 
34 

90 
34 

36 


11.6 
10.4 
13.2 
?.5 
16.2 

6 51.6+ 
17.8 
22.6 


0.50 
.27 

.38 
.35 

.48 

'".'52" 
.63 


1911. 
June 2 


34 
35 
29 
33 
36 
29 
46 


30.4 

14.6 
9.0 
7.5 

26.4 
5.0 

31.0 


0.90 


Au". 19 


July 7 


.42 


Sept. 23 


Aut;. 5 


.31 


Oct. 17 


Sept. 7 


.23 


Nov. 20 


Oct. 13 . 


.73 




Nov. 11 


.17 


1911. 


Dec. 27 


.67 


Feb 18 


June 18, 1910, to 
Dec. 27, 1911 




Mar. 24 


557 


275. 8+ 




Apr. 29 


.50+ 






o Gage installed June 18, 1910. f> Gage overflowed. 
Note.— Special gage, 50-ineh capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container S.40 inches diameter. 



Evaporation station. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON KAUAI. 



411 



Rainfall at Lehuamakanoi (station No. 2), Waimea River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 3,932 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1910. 

July 11 o 

Aug. 19 

Sept. 23 

Oct. 17 

Nov. 20 

1911. 

Feb. 18 

Mar. 24 

Apr. 29 





Recorded rain- 




faU. 


Period 








(days). 




Inches 




Inches. 


per 
day. 


23 


4.2 


0.18 


39 


4.5 


.12 


35 


7.5 


.21 


24 


4.7 


.20 


34 


14.4 


.42 


90 


6 51.6+ 




34 


14.4 


.42 


36 


17.4 


.48 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

June 2 

July 7 

Aug. 5 

Sept. 7 

Oct. 13 

Nov. 11 

Dec. 27 

June 18, 1910, to 
Dec. 27, 1911 



Period 
(days). 



557 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



14.8 
6.0 
3.8 
2.0 

10.0 
2.7 

18.2 



176. 2+ 



Inches 
per 

dav. 



0.44 
.17 
.13 
.06 
.28 
.09 
.40 



.32+ 



a Gage installed June 18, 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Pauhahana (station No. 3), Waimea River basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 3,723 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



July 11 o. 
Aug. 27 , 
Sept. 17. 
Oct. 17. 



1910. 



June 4 to Oct. 
1910 



17, 



Jan. 6 . 
Jan. 13 . 
Jan. 30 . 
Feb. 18. 
Feb. 25. 
Mar. 11. 
Mar. 18. 
Mar. 24. 
Apr. 1. 
Apr. 8. 
Apr. 15 . 
Apr. 23. 
Apr. 29. 
May 6. 
May 12. 



1911. 



Period 
(days). 



135 



Recorded rain- 
faU. 



Inches. 



4.7 
3.3 
4.0 

4.5 



16.5 



6 13.6 

7.4 

7.6 

10.8 

2.0 

2.2 

2.4 

2.4 

4.4 

.2 

.0 

1.0 

4.2 

.2 

1.2 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.13 

.07 
.19 
.15 



.12 



1.06 
.45 
.57 
.29 
.16 
.34 
.40 
.55 
.03 
.00 
.12 
.70 
.03 
.20 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

May 19 , 

May 26 , 

June 2 

June 9 

June 16 

June 23 

June 30 

July 7 

July 14 

July 21 

July 28 

Aug. 18 : , 

Aug. 25 

Sept. 1 

Sept. 9 

Sept. 15 

Sept. 22 

Sept. 29 

Oct. 13 

Nov. 13 

Dec. 28 

Jan. 6 to Dec. 28 
1911 



Period 
(days). 



356 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



2.4 

1.4 

2.8 

.6 

.3 

.4 

.6 

.8 

.5 

.2 

2.2 

.4 

.5 

.3 

1.0 

.4 

1.6 

1.9 

1.2 

2.2 

10.0 



77.7 



Inches 
per 



0.34 
.20 
.40 
.09 
.04 
.06 
.09 
.11 
.07 
.03 
.31 
.02 
.07 
.04 
.12 
.07 
.23 
.27 
.09 
.07 
.22 



a Gage installed June 4, 1910. 

b Small tube in receiver stopped with dirt so water could not enter container. Receiver overflowed. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 



412 



WATEE KESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Mohihi-Koaie divide (station No. 4), Wairaea River drainage basin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 3,950 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


1910. 
July 12 a 


18 
35 
29 
32 
34 

90 

28 


2.3 
2.8 
3.7 
4.9 
15.6 

6 51.6+ 

8.2 


0.13 
.08 
.13 
.15 
.46 

'"'.'29" 


1911. 
Apr. 22 


36 
42 
35 
97 
30 
46 


9.8 
14.8 

5.0 
10.0 

2.6 
11.8 


0.27 


Aug. 16 


June 3 


.35 


Sept. 14 


Julv S 


.14 


Oct. 16 


Oct. 13 


.10 


Nov. 19 .... 


Nov. 12 . . 


.09 




Dec. 28 


.26 


1911. 
Feb. 17 


June 24, 1910, to 
Dec. 28, 1911 




552 


143.1+ 




Mar. 17 


.26+ 







a Gage installed June 24, 1910. b Gage overflowed. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-ineh capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Mohihi Upper Crossing (station No. 5), Waimea River drainage basin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 



[Elevation, 3,500 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



July 12 a 
Aug. 16. 
Sept. 14. 
Oct. 16. 
Nov. 19. 



1910. 



Feb. 17. 
Mar. 17. 
Apr. 22. 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall 



Inches. 



2.5 
2.1 
4.5 
5.8 
14.8 



6 51.6+ 
8.0 
9.0 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.12 
.06 
.16 
.18 
.44 



.29 
.25 



Date of observation. 



June 3 . 
July 8. 
Aug. 5. 
Oct. 13. 
Nov. 12. 
Dec. 28. 



June 21, 1910, to 
Dec. 28, 1911 



Period 
(days). 



555 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



14.0 
5.7 
3.1 
9.9 
2.6 

10.2 



143. 8+ 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.33 
.16 
.11 
.14 
.09 
.22 



.26+ 



» Gage installed June 21, 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 



KAINFALL RECORDS ON KAUAI. 



413 



Rainfall at Waiahoali Camp (station No. 6), Waimea River drainage basin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 
[Elevation, 3,450 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



July 10 o . 
Aug. 23.., 
Sept. 16... 
Oct. 8... 



1910. 



June 4 to Oct. 
1910 



Jan. 



6. 
13. 
30. 
Feb. 17. 
25. 
Mar. 10. 
17. 
25. 

1. 

7. 
14. 
22. 
28. 

5. 
12. 



Apr. 



May 



Period 

(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



18.1 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.16 
.07 
.17 
.24 



1 17 
.48 
.57 
.28 
.20 
.43 
.38 
.71 
.07 
.00 
.06 
.97 
.09 
.23 



Date of observation. 



1911. 
May 19 

26 

June 2 

9 

16 

23 

30 

July 7 

14 

21 

28 

Aug. 18 

25 

Sept. 1 

9 

15 

22 

29 
Oct. 13!!!!!!!!!!!!!'!!' 

Nov. 12 

Dec. 27 

Jan. 6 to Dec. 27 
1911 



Period 
(days). 



355 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



2.2 

1.2 

2.6 

.6 

.4 

.5 

.5 

.7 

.4 

.4 

2.2 

.3 

.5 

.3 

.8 

.4 

1.8 

2.0 

1.2 

1.8 

10.0 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.31 
.17 
.37 
.09 
.06 
.07 
.07 
.10 
.06 
.06 
.31 
.01 
.07 
.04 
.10 
.07 
.26 
.29 
.09 
.06 
.22 



.23 



a Gage installed June 4, 1910. 

b Small tube in receiver stopped by leaves so water could not enter container. Receiver overflowed. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Kokee (station No. 7), Waimea River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 3,550 feet.] 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
day. 


1910. 
Aug. 27 


82 
13 
15 
21 
40 

43 

7 
17 
19 
7 

14 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
8 
6 
7 
6 


6 5.6 

6 1.4 

4.4 

1.6 


0>07 
.11 
.29 
.08 


1911. 
May 19 


7 
7 
7 
7 
7 

14 
7 

14 
7 

21 
7 

15 
6 
7 
7 

15 

28 

47 


1.4 

1.0 

2.8 

.4 

.0 

.3 

.3 

.2 

2.4 

.2 

.6 

.7 

.1 

.8 

1.5 

.5 

2.2 

4.8 


0.20 


Sept. 9 


26 


.16 


24 




.40 


Oct. 15 


9 


.06 


Nov. 24e 


16 


.00 




17.0 

6.5 

6.3 

6.6 

2.2 

2.4 

3.4 

3.0 

4.0 

.4 

.0 

.6 

2.2 

.0 

.7 


.40 
.93 
.37 
.29 
.31 
.17 
.49 
.43 
.57 
.06 
.00 
.08 
.37 
.00 
.12 


30 


.02 


1911. 
Jan. 6 


July 7 

21 


.04 
.01 


13 


28 


.34 


30 


Aug. 18 


.01 


Feb. 18 


25 


.09 


25 


Sept. 9 


.05 


Mar. 11 


15 


.02 


18 


22 ... 


.11 


25 


29 


.21 


Apr. 1 


Oct. 14 


.03 


8 


Nov. 11 


.08 


15 


Dec. 28 

June 6, 1910, to Dec. 
28, 1911 d 


.10 


23 




29 


531 


87.5 




May 6 


.16 


12 







o Gage installed June 16, 1910. 

6 Reading of doubtful accuracy. 

c Gage was found to have been disturbed by cattle. 

d Period of 40 days, Oct. 15 to Nov. 24, 1910, no record obtained. 

Note. — Special gage, SO-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 



414 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Puu Lua (station No. S), near Waimea Canyon, Kauai, 1910-11. 
fKlevation, 3,500 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



July 6o. 
Aug. 27... 
Sept. 13... 
24... 
Oct. 15... 



June 5 to Oct. 15, 
1910 



Jan. 30 6 . 
Feb. 18... 

25... 
Mar. 11... 

18... 

25... 
Apr. 1... 



1911. 



Period 
(days). 



132 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



2.8 
1.6 
2.6 
4.5 
.4 



11.9 



2.2 

4.6 

2.6 

3.0 

2.0 

4.0 

.6 

.0 

.4 

.4 



Inches 
per 

day. 



.03 
.15 
.41 

.02 



.12 
.65 
.19 
.43 
.29 
.57 
.09 
.00 
.05 
.07 



Date of observation. 



1911. 
May 6 

12 

19 

26 

June 2 

9 

16 

30 

JiiJy 28 

Aug. 18 

25 

Sept 15 

22 

29 

Oct. 14 

Nov. 11 

Dec. 2S 

Jan. 30 to Dec. 28 
1911 



Period 
(days). 



332 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



0.0 
.6 
.4 
.8 

2.0 
.0 
.2 
.2 

2.6 
.2 
.6 
.2 
.9 

1.4 
.4 

2.0 

1.4 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.00 
.10 
.06 
.11 
.29 
.00 
.03 
.01 
.09 
.01 
.09 
.01 
.13 
.20 
.03 
.07 
.03 



o Gage installed June 5, 1910. 

6 Cxage was found to have been disturbed by cattle. No record obtained. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Waialae River gaging station (station No. 9), Waimea River drainage basin, 

Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 3,600 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1910, 

Aug. 31a 

Sept. 80 

Nov. 10 

Dec. 1 

1911 

Jan. 3 

Feb. 4 

23 

Mar. 6 

Apr. 5 

May 24 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
faU. 



Inches. 



1.8 

5.6 

14.8 

6.64 



10.8 
22.4 
14.4 
9.4 
8.4 
5.0 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.58 
.19 
.36 
.03 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

June 27 

Aug. 3 

Sept. 12 

Oct. 16 

Nov. 17 

1912. 
Jan. 4 

July 31, 1910, to 
Jan. 4,1912 



Period 
(days). 



522 



Recorded rain- 
faU. 



Inches. 



4.4 
4.6 
2.7 
6.0 
4.2 



« 124. 3 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.13 
.12 
.07 
.18 
.13 



.24 



o Gage installed July 31, 1910. 

b Reading doubtful. Very likely should be 6.4 inches. 

« If reading Dec. 1 was 6.4 Inches, this would be 130.1 inches, or 0.25 inch per day. 

Note.— Special gage, SO-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 



RAINFALL EECORDS ON KAUAI. 



415 



Rainfall at Keanalcua {station No. 10), on divide between Makuone Stream and Waialae 

River, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 4,450 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Oct. 5 a . 
Nov. 22. 



1910. 



Feb. 22. 
Mar. 7. 
Apr. 5. 
May 24. 
June 27 . 
Aug. 2, 



1911. 



Period 

(days). 



29 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



7.0 

18.7 



6 51.6+ 
9.0 
9.6 
11.0 
7.3 
5.6 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.24 
.39 



.33 
.22 
.21 
.16 



Date of observation. 



Sept. 12. 
Oct. 17. 
Nov. 17 



Jan. 



Sept. 6, 1910, to 
Jan. 5, 1912 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



4.7 
10.0 
5.3 



153. 2+ 



Inches 
per 



0.11 

.29 
.17 



.32+ 



a Gage installed Sept. 6,- 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Kahana- Mahuone divide (station No. 11), Makaweli River drainage basin, 

Kauai, 1910-11. 









[Elevation, 3,750 feet.J 










f observation. 


Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
faU. 


Date of observation. 


Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Dateo 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Aug. 30 o 
Oct. 6 


1910. 


30 
36 

48 

91 
14 
27 
49 
34 


3.4 

7.9 
15.6 

6 51.6+ 
8.8 
6.4 
8.6 
4.8 


0.11 
.22 
.33 

"■".'63" 
.24 

.18 
.14 


1911. 

Aug. 1 

Sept. 11. 


36 
41 
35 
31 

50 


5.4 
4.7 
8.0 
4.6 

13.2 


0.15 




.11 


Nov. 23 . . 


Oct. 16 


.23 




1911. 


Nov. 16 ... 


.15 


Feb. 22. . . 


1912. 
Jan. 5 




Mar. 8 


.26 




Aug. 1, 1910, to 
Jan. 5, 1912 




May 23'."...... !!...!!!!.! 


522 


143.0+ 




June 26 


.27+ 







a Gage installed Aug. 1, 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

NoTE.^Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall on Waialeale Mountain (station No. 12), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 5,080 feet.] 







Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


(days). 


Inches. 


InchCvS 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


1910. 
Oct. 5o 


28 
48 


31.2 
34.3 


1.11 
.72 


1911. 
Aug. 2 c 




d51.6+ 
dl25 + 

86.0 




Nov. 22 


Oct. 17 . 


6 

81 


1.6 + 


1911. 
Jan. 36 


1912. 
Jan. 6 ........ 


1.06 















o Special gage, 50-inch capacity, installed Sept. 7, 1910. 

6 No reliable records, and it is probable that gage was not visited until Ang. 2, 1911, when it was found to 
have overflowed. 
c Gage replaced by one of 125-inch capacity, 
d Gage overflowed. 



116 



WATEB RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Rain/all at Olokele mauka (station No. IS), Makaweli River drainage basin, Kauai, 1911. 

[Elevation, 2,100 feet.] 

Recorded rainfall (inches). 

October 4. 37 

November 12. 52 



April. 
May. 
June . 

July.. 



Recorded rainfall (inches). 

7. 63 

9.35 

8. 85 

7. 50 



August 4. 18 

September 18. 46 

Note. — Record furnished by Hawaiian Sugar Co., Makaweli, Kauai. 



December 18. 24 



Apr. 1 to Dec. 31 86. 10 

Mean daily 0.313 



Rainfall at Olokele ditch (station No. 14), Makaweli River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,310 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

Juiie 

July 

August. . . 



1910 



Indies. 
13.34 
.97 
6.38 
6.57 
6.95 
9.37 
4.11 
4.18 



1911 



Inches. 
25.86 
16.50 
8.94 
6.35 
5.46 
6.11 
5.13 
1.95 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
6.05 
9.29 
13. 53 
12.48 



93.22 
.255 



Inches. 
13.00 



28.62 
10.00 



110. 81 
.304 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Mana pump (station No. 15), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 30 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
Febniary. 
March..".. 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



Inches. 
1.36 
.37 
.08 
.56 
.71 
1.36 
.14 
(°) 



1911 



Inches. 
5.52 
2.12 
8.04 
.43 
1.04 
.22 
1.62 
(«) 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1911 



Inches. 


Inches. 


3.81 


1.62 


3.85 


.43 


.10 


.29 


2.01 


.10 


14. 35 


•21.43 


.039 


.059 



a Trace of rain, but too small to measure. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waiawa (station No. 16), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 30 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February . 

March 

April , 

May 

June 

July , 

August.... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1.15 


5.42 


.24 


2.78 


.03 


4.22 


.60 


.28 


.80 


1.79 


1.51 


.16 


.23 


2.55 


.00 


(o) 



Average, 
17 years. 



Inches. 

2.92 

3.53 

4.41 

.74 

.92 

.43 

.48 

.72 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 
4.19 
1.26 
6.10 
2.61 



17.72 
.049 



Inches. 

2.87 

.79 

.00 

.13 



20.99 
.057 



Average, 
17 years. 



Inches. 

1.31 

.91 

3.06 

2.66 



22.09 
.060 



a Trace of rain, but too small to measure. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Biureau records. 



EAIFFALL EECOKDS ON KAUAI. 



417 



Rainfall at Kekdha {station No. 17), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 40 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

Jnne 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 

1.50 
.07 
.09 
.83 
.50 

1.63 
.22 
.24 



1911 



Inches. 
5.98 
1.74 
4.33 

.25 
2.00 

.16 
2.84 

.40 



Average, 
20 years. 



Inches. 

3.30 

3.63 

4.14 

.92 

1.02 

.32 

.45 

1.14 



Month. 



September 

October „ 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 
2.85 
2.11 
4.79 
1.98 



16.81 
.046 



1911 



Inches. 

2.66 

1.32 

.06 

.30 



22.04 
.060 



Average, 
20 years. 



Inches. 
1.12 
1.20 
2.64 

2.76 



22.64 
.062 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at camp No. 7 (station No. 18) near Waimea, Kauai, 1904-1911. 
[Elevation, 150 feet.] 



Month. 


1904 


1905 


1906 


1907. 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Aver- 
age 8 
years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 




Inches. 
1.33 
17.50 
5.50 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.15 
2.30 
2.24 

.00 

.50 
2.28 


Inches. 
0.43 

.31 

.28 

.00 

.00 

.63 

.95 

.65 

.25 

.85 
7.25 

.00 


Inches. 
3.80 

.19 
1.23 

.85 

.47 

.00 

.50 
1.65 

.15 
1.25 
2.30 
5.76 


Inches. 
18.12 
2.67 
4.76 

.45 
2.40 

.63 

.00 

.43 

.00 
1.00 

.19 

.80 


Inches. 
0.80 
1.76 
13.60 

.38 

.00 

.02 

.08 

.09 

.26 

.27 

.00 

.01 


Inches. 

3.19 

1.11 

10.57 

.78 

.00 

.04 

.30 

.00 

.20 

1.70 

.00 

10.64 


Imhes. 
0.30 

.10 

.70 

.61 

.56 

.96 

.73 

.00 
1.74 
1.49 
5.33 
1.73 


Inches. 
7.98 
2.52 
4.18 

.25 

.22 

.07 
2.45 

.56 
2.34 

.48 

.11 

.58 


Inches. 
4.49 
3.27 
5.10 

.42 

.46 

.29 

.64 

.71 

.90 

.88 
1.96 
2.72 


Inches. 
18.12 
17.50 
13.60 
.85 

2.40 
.96 

2.45 

2.30 

2.34 

1.70 

7.25 
10.64 


Inches. 
0.30 


February 


.10 




.28 


April 


.00 


Mav 


.00 


Jime ;. 


.00 


July 


.00 




.00 




.00 




.00 


November 


.00 




.00 






Annual 


31.80 
.087 


11.60 
.032 


18.15 
.050 


31.45 
.086 


17.27 
.047 


28.53 
.078 


14.25 
.039 


21.74 
.060 


21.85 
■ .060 


31.80 
.086 


11.60 


Mean daily 


.032 



Note.— Records furnished by Hawaiian Sugar Co., Makaweli, Kauai. 

Rainfall at Hiloa-Hanapepe dinide (station No. 19), Hanapepe River drainage basin, 

Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 2,080 feet] 



Date of observation. 



1910 

Aug. 31 o 

Sept. 30 

Oct. 31 

Nov. 30 

Dec. 31 

1911, 

Jan. 31 

Feb. 28 

Mar. 31 

Apr. 30 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



4.2 
10.8 
18.3 
20.6 
19.6 



43.1 
24.0 



16.6 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.60 
.36 
.59 
.69 
.63 



1.39 
.86 
.32 
.56 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

May 31 

June 30 

July 31 

Aug. 31 

Sept. 30 

Oct. 31 

Nov. 30 

Dec. 31 

Aug. 24, 1910, to 
Dec. 31, 1911 



Period 

(days). 



494 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



17.0 
25.4 
14.2 
12.7 
41.6 
7.0 
17.6 
20.1 



322.7 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.55 
.85 
.46 
.41 

1.39 
.23 
.59 
.65 



.65 



o Gage installed Aug. 24, 1910. 
Note.— Special gage, SO-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 27 



418 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Rainfall in Hanapepe Valley, one-half mile below Hanapepe Falls (station No. 20), 
Hanapepe River drainage basin, Kauai, 1905-1911. 

[Elevation, SIC feet.] 



Month. 



1911 



Aver- 
age 7 
years. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



Mini- 
mum. 



January 

Febmary 

March 

April 

May 

Julie 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



Inches. 

0.60 

.00 

4.90 

4.20 

8.30 

2.20 

4.20 

19.20 

8.70 

12.30 

13.98 

6.60 



Inches. 

7.35 

1.65 

2.90 

4.50 

8.00 

5.40 

9.10 

17.70 

6.80 

9.70 

10.60 

16.50 



Inches. 

38.85 

10.10 

30.25 

6.35 

5.60 

11.80 

17.30 

31.05 

6.40 

4.75 

13.35 

11.20 



Inches. 
3.85 
9.35 
20.80 
13.30 
11.20 
8.45 
6.20 
12.95 
7.80 
8.70 
.60 
7.10 



Inches. 

8.95 

7.80 

37.65 

37.85 

5.83 

13.22 

17.31 

11.50 

9.93 

8.76 

3.04 

24.80 



Inches. 
16.13 

3.08 
17.38 
12.66 

9.11 
16.17 

7.11 
10. 93 

8.88 
10.93 
14.61 
14.31 



Inches. 

29.21 

18.70 
8.87 
7.31 
7.19 

10.96 
8.08 
4.49 

20.42 
3.53 
9.64 

11.48 



Inches. 

14.99 
7.24 

18.39 

12.31 
7.89 
9.74 
9.90 

15.40 
9.85 
8.38 
9.40 

13.14 



Inches. 
38.85 
18.70 
37.65 
37.85 
11.20 
10.17 
17.31 
31.05 
20.42 
12.30 
14.61 
24.80 



Inches. 
0.60 

.00 
2.90 
4.20 
5.60 
2.20 
4.20 
4.49 
6.40 
3.53 

.60 
6.60 



85.18 
.23 



100.20 
.27 



187.00 
.51 



116.30 
.32 



186.64 
.51 



141.30 
.39 



139. 88 
.38 



135.21 
.37 



187.00 
.51 



85.18 
.23 



Note. — Kecords furnished by Hawaiian Sugar Co., Makaweli, Kauai. 

Rainfall at Makaweli (station No. 21), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 140 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
16 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
16 years. 




Inches. 

1.48 
.29 
.66 

1.32 
.93 

1.87 
.98 
.30 


Inches. 
8.77 
4.62 
3.99 

.36 
1.02 

.66 
3.00 

.28 


Inches. 

2.88 

3.44 

5.07 

.67 

.98 

.52 

.72 

.69 


September 


Inches. 
3.99 
1.48 
•7.22 
2.48 


Inches. 

2.39 

1.10 

.95 

1.17 


Inches. 
1.20 


February 


October 


1.25 




November 


2.58 




December 


2.91 


tiXa-Kr 


Annual 

Mean daily... 




June 


23.00 
.063 


28.31 
.078 


22.91 


July 


.063 











Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at camp No. 2 (station No. 22) near Hanapepe, Kauai, 1905-1911. 
[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 


1905 


1906 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Aver- 
age 7 
years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 




Inches. 

0.25 

.00 

.00 

.20 

.00 

.20 

.00 

.70 

.60 

1.45 

7.00 

.00 


Inches. 

4.60 

.00 

.97 

.56 

.22 

.00 

.28 

2.75 

1.54 

.80 

2.57 

4.25 


Inches. 

19.65 

1.65 

10.67 

.03 

2.90 

.30 

2.23 

1.44 

.72 

.06 

.64 

.64 


Inches. 

0.03 

2.53 
13.17 

1.27 
.24 
.51 
.26 
.26 
.54 

1.82 
.00 
.22 


Inches. 

4.94 

1.87 
14.37 

2.07 
.08 
.57 
.10 
.26 
.80 

3.00 
.00 

9.40 


Inches. 

2.57 

.07 

.40 

1.91 

1.05 

1.47 

.68 

.00 

2.64 

1.72 

8.92 

3.50 


Inches. 
11.26 

4.47 

4.14 
.34 
.95 
.30 

3.58 
.35 

4.13 
.63 
.90 

2.04 


Inches. 

6.19 

1.51 

6.25 

.91 

.78 

.48 

1.02 

.82 

1.57 

1.35 

2.86 

2.86 


Inches. 

19.65 
4.47 

14.37 
2.07 
2.90 
1.47 
3.58 
2.75 
4.13 
3.00 
8.92 
9.40 


Inches. 
0.03 




.00 


March 


.00 




.m 


Mav 


.00 




.00 


July 


.00 




.00 


September 


.60 




.06 


November 


.00 


December 


.00 






Annual 

Mean daily 


10.40 
.028 


18.54 
.051 


40.93 
.112 


20.85 
.057 


37.46 
.103 


24.93 
.068 


33.09 
.091 


26.20 
.073 


40.93 
.112 


10.40 
.028 



Note. — Eecords furnished by Hawaiian Sugar Co., Makaweli, KauaL 



EAINFALL RECOKDS ON KAUAI. 



419 



Rainfall at Eleele (station No. 23), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 150 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July.... 
August. . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1.86 


8.96 


.48 


3.41 


1.05 


4.55 


1.74 


.49 


.76 


.33 


1.44 


.53 


1.12 


2.18 


.63 


.40 



Average 
11 years. 



Inches. 
3.94 
4.24 
5.95 
1.40 
1.14 
1.06 
1.20 
1.24 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. . 



1910 



Inches. 
1.62 
1.97 
7.21 
3.86 



23.74 
.065 



Inches. 

2.98 
.52 
.97 

1.27 



26.59 
.073 



Average 
11 years. 



Inches. 
1.66 
1.46 
2.52 
2.45 



28.26 
.077 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Wahiawa mauka (station No. 24), Wahiawa Stream drainage hasin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 2,000 feet.] 



January . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



3.75 
15.05 
16.75 
10.25 
26.75 

8.50 
15.50 



Inches. 
38.75 
22.25 
9.30 
10.37 
13.40 
16.10 
17.00 
10.75 



Average 
11 years. 



Inches. 
14.24 
16. 17 
18.85 
12.73 
11.55 
12.55 
12.58 
17.36 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Aimual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 
10. 35 
15. 25 
15.50 
13.20 



1911 



Inches. 

33.20 

6.30 

11.10 

16.00 



204. 52 
.56 



Average 
11 years. 



Inches. 
12.76 
13.91 
13.71 
14.61 



171.02 
.47 



o For 11 months. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at McBryde residence (station No. 25), Wahiawa Stream drainage hasin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 900 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Average 
11 years. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.90 


20.15 


8.09 


1.16 


9.98 


6.74 


5.39 


4.57 


10.19 


6.76 


3.91 


4.80 


3.75 


3.04 


3.22 


8.74 


5.84 


4.26 


4.30 


6.01 


4.94 


4.27 


2.71 


5.88 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 
5.56 
5.12 
12.88 
5.51 



69.34 
.190 



Inches. 

14.06 

1.36 

5.48 

6.55 



83.66 
.229 



Average 
11 years. 



iTiches. 
5.16 
4.70 
5.97 
6.36 



70.31 
.193 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



420 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Wdhiawa (station No. 26), Wahiawa Stream drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 225 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


2.51 


8.69 


.60 


5.92 


1.80 


3.69 


2.48 


1.03 


.71 


1.17 


2.11 


1.51 


1.36 


4.03 


1.79 


0.48 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 
2.17 
1.99 
7.68 
3.91 



29.11 
.080 



1911 



Inches. 
3.97 
1.00 
1.33 
2.34 



35.16 
.096 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rain/all at Homestead (station No. 27), Lawai Stream drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 631 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . . 
February . 

March 

April 



June... 
July..., 
August. 



Inches. 



3.30 
5.74 
4.55 
3.48 



Inches. 
16.26 
8.21 
3.90 
2.51 
2.44 
4.78 
5.33 
1.73 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual .... 
Mean daily. 



1910 



1911 



Inches. 


Inches. 


4.35 


11.07 


4.11 


1.65 


10.17 


3.24 


6.90 


5.32 



66.44 
.182 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at East Lawai (station No. 28), Lawai Stream drainage basin, Kau/ii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 600 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
10 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
10 years. 


January 


Inches. 
4.70 
1..33 
5.40 
7.07 
5.43 
6.96 
5.02 
6.17 


Inches. 
14.07 
11.50 
3.67 
2.84 
4.88 
5.72 
6.10 
3.03 


Inches. 




Inches. 
7.39 
4.83 
11.58 
8.03 


Inches. 

11. 73 

1.56 

2.84 

4.83 


Inches. 
5.96 


February 






5.12 


March 




November .... 


3.44 


April 


5.49 
4.25 
4.70 
4.89 
7.47 




6 41 


May 

June 


Annual 

Mean daily.. . 




73.91 
.205 


72.77 
.199 




July 




August 









Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Lawai (government road, station No. 29), Kavxii, 1910. 
[Elevation, 450 feet.] 



Inches. 

January 4. 34 

February 3. 84 



March. . 
April... 
May 

June . - . 
July.... 
August. 



4.86 
6.55 
4.93 
4.93 
4.58 
4.17 



Incha 

September 6. 2S 

October 12.31 

November 14. 07 

December 5. 71 



Annual 76. 57 

Mean daily 210 



Note.— Compfled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL RECOEDS ON KAUAI. 



421 



Rainfall at Lawai {west, station No. SO), Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 225 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


2.83 


11.81 


.26 


6.72 


2.55 


4.26 


3.38 


1.39 


1.47 


2.84 


2.86 


2.62 


1.06 


4.44 


2.18 


1.45 



Average 
10 years. 



Inches. 
4.69 
4.07 
7.04 
2.20 
1.56 
1.84 
2.08 
3.05 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
4.15 
2.71 
11.18 
4.52 



39.15 
.107 



Inches. 
6.08 
2.16 
1.23 
2.32 



47.32 
.130 



Average 
10 years. 



Inches. 
3.22 
2.66 
3.58 
3.90 



39.89 
.109 



Note.— Compiled from V. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Lawai Beach {station No. 31), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 5 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


3.28 


11.72 


.69 


7.70 


2.60 


3.51 


2.25 


1.28 


1.52 


3.66 


2.24 


2.53 


1.79 


5.56 


1.78 


1.34 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
8.68 
2.83 
12.02 
3.04 



42.72 
.117 



1911 



Inches. 
5.65 
1.21 
1.18 
2.01 



47.35 
.130 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Koloa {station No. 32), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 241 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.21 


12.48 


1.35 


10.78 


5.10 


4.86 


6.75 


2.19 


4.47 


6.83 


5.14 


5.76 


3.54 


7.22 


5.15 


4.50 



Average 
25 years. 



Inches. 
5.85 
5.92 
7.69 
4.25 
4.67 
4.13 
4.43 
4.98 



Month. 



September 

October 

November '. 

December 

Aimual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 
7.65 
5.01 
11.76 
7.39 



67.52 
.185 



1911 



Inches. 
11.16 
2.05 
3.08 
4.38 



75.29 
.206 



25 years. 



Inches. 
4.22 
5.02 
6.23 

5.74 



63.13 
.173 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



Rainfall at Kuhxiula {station No. 33), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1.66 


11.23 


.10 


7.04 


.98 


3.70 


2.36 


.60 


1.31 


1.97 


1.81 


1.83 


2.22 


4.25 


1.33 


.75 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 




39.23 
.107 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



422 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Puuhi {station No. S4), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 75 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

Julie 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 

1.66 
.00 
.71 
.85 
.64 

1.28 
.62 
.37 



1911 



Inches. 

7.75 

3.94 

3.60 

.50 

.70 

.64 

3.50 

.00 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

2.14 

1.07 

10.17 

2.90 



22.41 
.061 



Inches. 

3.29 

1.05 

.17 

.93 



26.07 
.071 



Note.— Compiled from United States Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Mahaulepu {station No. 35), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 90 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 
3.10 
1.09 
1.70 
4.55 
4.25 
3.27 
1.89 
2.28 



1911 



Inches. 
14.36 
7.95 
6.12 
1.71 
3.60 
4.38 
7.19 
3.04 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
3.57 
4.47 
11.20 
6.91 



48.28 
.132 



1911 



Inches. 
8.54 
2.14 
1.93 
3.82 



64.78 
.177 



Note.— Compiled from United States Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kamoola ditch {station No. 36), Huleia River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 835 feet.] 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

AprE 

May 

June 

July 

August. . 



1910 



Inches. 

11.53 
3.46 
8.32 

10.72 
9.34 

14.49 
9.13 
7.74 



1911 



Inches. 
16.01 
7.02 
7.27 
5.04 
11.15 
9.34 
9.30 
8.73 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
8.39 
9.60 
14.12 

7.74 



114. 58 
.314 



1911 



Inches. 
22.74 
3.63 
5.53 

7.87 



113.63 
.311 



Note.— Compiled from United States Weather Bureau records. 
Rainfall at Wilcox ditch {station No. 37), Huleia River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 725 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 



Inches. 
5.87 
1.81 
6.00 
7.99 
5.66 
7.10 
5.02 
6.49 



Inches. 
16.33 
11. 82 
6.84 
4.06 
6.32 
6.63 
7.19 
3.95 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
10.72 
6.64 
13.24 

7.18 



83.72 
.229 



1911 



Inches. 
15.57 
2.30 
4.31 
6.39 



91.71 
.251 



Note.— Compiled from United States W^eather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL EECORDS ON KAUAI. 



423 



Rainfall at Adkukui (station No. 38), Huleia River drainage basin, Kauai, 1909-1911. 

[Elevation, 350 feet.] 



Month. 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1909 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 


Inches. 
3.40 
1.58 
4.14 
5.33 
3.74 
4.68 
3.43 
4.17 


Inches. 
12.80 
7.85 
5.56 
1.27 
4.87 
3.99 
5.44 
3.43 


September 


Inches. 
2.35 
4.27 
1.35 
10.81 


Inches. 
7.95 
6.24 
13.13 
4.49 


Inches. 
9.51 






October 


1.98 






November 


3.30 






December 


3.51 






Annual 






2.65 
3.95 
2.31 




62.28 
.171 


63.51 


July 


Mean dally... 


0.129 


.173 











a For 7 months. 
Note.— Records furnished by E. H. W. Broadbent, manager Grove Farm plantation, Lihue, Kauai. 

Rainfall at Kukaua {station No. 39), Kilohana crater, Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 


1911 


Average 
12 years. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.80 


21.34 


7.77 


2.91 


8.95 


8.33 


5.81 


8.20 


11.47 


7.78 


4.23 


7.76 


8.18 


9.21 


7.06 


7.64 


8.01 


5.93 


5.06 


7.68 


6.97 


5.75 


5.63 


8.66 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
6.68 
12.14 
16.31 

7.88 



92.94 
.255 



1911 



Inches. 

15.60 

2.78 

6.90 

6.90 



105. 43 
.289 



Average 
12 years. 



Inches. 
6.72 
8.20 
8.14 
9.37 



96.38 
.264 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Lihue (Kilohana) (station No. 40), Nawiliwili Stream drainage basin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 400 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . , 



1910 



Inches. 
3.53 
1.88 
2.37 
3.96 
5.23 
3.75 
2.64 
2.88 



1911 



Inches. 
14.14 
6.66 
7.16 
1.56 
3.19 
3.17 
4.79 
2.87 



Month. 



September 

October 

November . . . 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
4.05. 
7.03 
14.49 
3.54 



55.35 
.152 



Inches. 
7.78 
1.64 
3.90 
2.42 



59.28 
.162 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Molohoa (station No. 41), Nawiliwili Stream drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


3.25 


14.15 


1.70 


5.95 


2.32 


7.87 


3.62 


1.16 


4.26 


3.13 


3.93 


3.49 


2.73 


4.08 


2.24 


2.65 



Average 
19 years. 



Inches. 
4.78 
5.51 
7.13 
3.30 
3.29 
2.77 
2.80 
4.08 



Month. 



September , 

October , 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
2.44 
5.67 
13.90 
3.95 



50.01 
.137 



1911 



Inches. 
6.92 
1.63 
3.90 
2.71 



57.64 
.158 



Average 
19 years. 



Inches. 
2.88 
4.55 
5.95 
5.53 



52.57 
.144 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau reovr(1». 



424 



WATER RES6URCES 01^ HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Grove Farm {station No. 42), Nawiliwili Stream drainage basin, Kauai, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.38 


12.75 


2.33 


6.57 


1.99 


6.17 


3.07 


.87 


2.83 


2.19 


2.60 


2.47 


1.77 


4.17 


2.13 


1.98 



27 years. 



Inches. 
4.62 
5.20 
6.15 
3.14 
3.08 
1.99 
2.21 
2.73 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December.. 

Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 

2.51 

5.26 

12.19 

4.79 



45.85 
.126 



1911 



Inches. 
6.65 
1.90 
2.98 
2.34 



51.04 
.140 



Average 
27 years. 



Inches. 
2.76 
3.62 
5.50 
4.86 



45.86 
.126 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at lAhue (station No. 43), Nawiliwili Stream drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
3.93 
2.32 
2.29 
2.68 
3.76 
2.98 
2.74 
2.10 



1911 



iTiches. 
13.54 
5.53 
6.71 
1.14 
2.20 
2.20 
4.22 
2.32 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daUy 



1910 



Inches. 
2.97 
5.18 
14.61 
4.12 



49.68 
.136 



1911 



Inches. 
6.73 
2.11 
3.51 
2.76 



52.97 
.145 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Hanamaula (station No. 44), Hanamaula Stream drainage basin, Kavm, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.46 


14.78 


1.76 


8.05 


2.19 


3.95 


2.77 


.79 


2.55 


1.27 


2.51 


2.54 


1.97 


2.85 


1.88 


.50 



Average 
17 years. 



Inches. 
4.73 
5.20 
6.69 
2.36 
2.26 
2.37 
2.09 
2.93 



Month. 



September , 

October , 

November , 

December , 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
2.50 
4.53 
13. 05 
4.06 



44. 22 
.121 



Inches. 
6.20 
2.41 
5.71 
2.79 



51.84 
.142 



Average 
17 years. 



Inches. 
2.77 
3.65 
5.13 
4.84 



45. 02 
.123 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAIKPALL EECOEDS OK KAUAI. 



425 



Rainfall at Waiahi (station No. 45), Wailua River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 600 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Sept. 23 o. 
Oct. 26.. 
Nov. 22 . 
Dec. 2S.. 



Jan. 27 . 
Feb. 27. 
Mar. 28. 
Apr. 30. 
May 31.. 





Recorded rain- 




fall. 


Period 








(days). 




Inches 




Inches. 


per 
day. 


27 


6.5 


0.24 


33 


9.0 


.27 


27 


23. S. 


.88 


33 


8.6 


.26 


33 


26.6 


.81 


31 


17.6 


.57 


29 


9.2 


.32 


33 


6.6 


.20 


31 


12.6 


.41 



Date of observation. 



June 29 . 
July 31. 
Aug. 30 
Sept. 29. 
Oct. 31. 
Nov. 30 
Dec. 30. 



Aug. 27, 1910, to 
Dee. 30, 1911 



Period 
(days). 



490 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



10.2 
9.4 
6 8 

21.0 
4.4 
8.2 

11.2 



Inches 
per 

day. 



0.35 
.29 
.23 
.70 
.14 
.27 
.37 



a Gage installed Aug. 27, 1910. 
Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Hanahanapuni {station No. 46), Wailua River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 911 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1910 

Sept. 22o 

Oct. 34 

Nov. 23 

Dec. 23 

1911, 

Jan. 28 

Feb. 28 

Mar. 29 

Apr. 30 

May 30 





Recorded rain- 




fall. 


Period 








(days). 




Inches 




Inches. 


day. 


26 


5.5 


0.21 


32 


8.5 


.27 


30 


12.2 


.41 


30 


4.4 


.15 


36 


34.0 


.95 


31 


10.8 


.35 


29 


7.8 


.27 


32 


5.6 


.18 


30 


12.2 


.41 



r>ate of observation. 



1911. 

June 30 

July 31 

Aug. 31 

Sapt. 30 

Oct. 31 

Nov. 30... 

Dec. 30 

Aug. 27, 1910, to 
Dec. 30, 1911 



Period 
(days). 



490 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



9.2 
7.2 
6.4 
17.6 
3.0 
7.6 
8.2 



lfiO.2 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.30 
.23 
.21 
.59 
.10 
.25 
.27 



a Gage installed Aug. 27, 1910. 
Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, coatainer 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Summit Camp (station No. 47), on divide between Hanalei River and North 
Fork of Wailua River, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,900 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



30.14 
22.73 
16.91 
12.16 
22.70 
15.10 
13.20 
9.28 



Month. 



September. 
October . . . 
November. 
December . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



a 10. 61 
21.98 
24.22 
15.12 



1911 



28.76 
7.05 
13.53 
22.45 



214.01 
.59 



a Sept. 18-30, 1910. 
Note.— Observations made daily by Kauai Electric Co. 



* Sept. 18 to Dec. 31, 1910. 



426 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Kapehuala (station No. 48), on divide between North Fork of Wailua River 
and Kapaa River, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 3,130 feet.] 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inch es 
per 
day. 


1910. 
Sept. 11 a 


46 

169 
83 
81 


22.8 

651. 6+ 
651. 6+ 
651. 6+ 


0.50 


1911. 
Oct. 16 


67 
74 


49.6 
651. 6-t- 


67 




Dee. 29 




1911. 
Feb. 27 


July 27, 1910, to 
Dec. 29, 1911 




520 


278. 8-1- 




May 21 




.54-t- 


Aug. 10 













a Gage installed July 27, 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Pohakupili (station No. 49), Kapaa River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 2,589 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Aug. 8 a. 
Sept. 25.. 
Nov. 4.. 



May 19 . 
Aug. 4 





Recorded rain- 




fall. 


Period 








(days). 




Inches 




Inches. 


per 
day. 


14 


3.2 


0.23 


48 


18.3 


.38 


40 


24.8 


.62 


196 


651. 6+ 




77 


47.4 


.62 



Date of observation. 



Aug. 14. 
Oct. 11 
Dec. 27 



July 25, 1910, to 
Dec. 27. 1911 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



2.6 
26.0 
47.8 



221.7-1- 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.26 
.45 
.62 



.434- 



a Gage installed July 25, 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-inoh capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Pueo (station .No. 50), on divide between Anahola, Kealia, and Kalihiwai 

rivers, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 2,748 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Aug. 8 a. 
Sept. 25.. 
Nov. 14.. 



May 19 , 



Period 
(days). 



186 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



6.4 
29.0 
38.8 



651. 6 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.46 
.61 

.78 



Date of observation. 



Aug. 14. 
Oct. 11- 
Dec. 27. 



July 25, 1910, to 
Dec. 27, 1911 



Period 
(days). 



520 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



651. 6+ 
46. 
651. 6-1- 



275. Sc- 



inches 
per 



.53+ 



o Gage installed July 25, 1910. 6 Gage overflowed. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 



RAINFALL EECOEDS ON" KAUAI. 



427 



Rainfall at Kapahi (station No. 51), Kapaa River drainage basin, Kauai, 1910-1 !■ 

[Elevation, 300 feet.] 



January . . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June. 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
6.37 
2.43 
2.40 
2.39 
5.00 
2.88 
1.79 
2.46 



Inches. 
10.59 
6.06 
6.30 
.77 
4.30 
3.38 
4.36 
1.38 



12 years. 



Inches. 
5.40 
5.48 
8.20 
3.11 
3.72 
3.72 
4.19 
3.25 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daUy 



Inches. 

5.45 
14.81 
13.66 

5.17 



64.81 
.178 



Inhes. 

cl.m 

1.90 

7.00 

3.98 



57.82 
.158 



Average, 
12 years. 



Inches. 
3.60 
4.81 
6.16 
7.11 



58.75 
.161 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kealia (station No. 52), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 15 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
6.14 
2.19 
1.17 
1.38 
2.33 
1.05 
1.20 
1.11 



1911 



Inches. 
10.83 
4.63 
6.21 
.64 
1.95 
2.10 
3.96 
1.14 



Average, 
12 years. 



Inches. 

. 4.22 
4.89 
7.04 
1.89 
2.34 
1.62 
1.91 
1.99 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . 
Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
4.59 
9.28 
11.07 
3.00 



44.51 
.122 



Inches. 

5.92 

2.27 

1.22 

.92 



41.79 
.114 



Average, 
12 years. 



Inches. 
2.32 
3.76 
3.65 
4.44 



40.07 
.110 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Halaula (station No. 53), Kauai, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
9.33 
2.95 
1.70 
1.75 
4.10 
1.80 
.90 
3.00 



Inches. 
16.80 
9.30 
10.00 
.85 
2.50 
4.85 
1.85 
1.60 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 



5.38 
8.68 
2.38 
2.28 
2.36 
2.18 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



Inches. 

7.00 

8.30 

21.20 

5.65 



67.68 
.185 



1911 



Inches. 
11.05 
4.45 
2.60 
3.25 



69.10 
.189 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 



4.14 
5.46 

7.24 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kilauea (station No. 54), 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 342 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
27 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
27 years. 


January 


Inches. 
7.20 
2.52 
2.76 
3.06 
3.38 
4.17 
4.51 
2.75 


Inches. 
11.17 
7.61 

8.70 
1.93 
3.82 
4.16 
3.45 
3.62 


Inches. 
5.76 
6.55 
9.61 
4.81 
5.27 
4.02 
4.76 
5.01 




Inches. 
3.18 
6.86 
11.35 
4.83 


Inches. 
7.66 
2.02 
3.94 
3.43 


Inches. 

4.47 


February 


October 


5.69 


March 




6.95 






6.38 




Annual 

Mean daily. . . 




June 


56.57 
.155 


61.51 
.168 


69.28 


July 


.190 


August 









Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



428 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Kapaka (station No. 55) on divide between Hanalei and KaliMwai rivers, 

Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,123 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 


Inches. 
16.67 
13.25 
10.59 
5.88 
14.34 
10.03 
11.24 
11.03 


September 


Inches. 

7.35 

13. 12 

13.72 

13.25 


Inches. 
25.14 






October 


3.55 






November 


10.34 






December 


10.51 


May- 




Annual 




June 







142. 57 


July 




Mean daily 


0.389 


.391 

















a Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1910. 
Note.— Observations made daily by Kauai Electric Co. 

Rainfall at W. F. Sanborn's residence (station No. 56), Hanalei, Kauai, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 105 feet.) 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

AprU 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



Inches. 



4.67 
4.91 
5.24 
6.87 
4.52 
4.29 



Inches. 
13.56 
8.53 
8.30 
3.52 
6.97 
5.38 
5.23 
5.38 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December . , 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



Inches. 

3.18 
11.02 
10.30 

7.09 



0.203 



1911 



Inches. 
12.44 
2.14 
5.14 
7.07 



83.65 
.229 



a For 10 months. 

Note.— Readings made daily. Records furnished by W. F. Sanborn, manager Frinceville Plantation 
Co., Ltd., Hanalei, Kauai. 

Rainfall at intake of Wainiha canal (station No. 57), Wainiha River drainage basin, 

Kauai, 1907-1911. 



[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



Month. 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Average 

5 years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 




Inches. 


Inches. 
5.13 
16.82 
11.45 
29.90 
6.73 
5.82 
5.04 
11.49 
6.96 
7.99 
6.72 
12.49 


Inches. 
12.09 
17.68 
39.48 
11.47 

9.53 

9.68 
16.93 
11.11 

7.50 
11.09 

5.55 
25.32 


Inches. 

19.88 

6.89 

15. 14 

21.20 

15.30 

19.70 

6.81 

8.88 

7.13 

13.72 

13.59 

22.87 


Inches. 

14.25 

34.27 

18.06 

12.11 

30.48 

9.46 

7.48 

4.08 

24.76 

2.85 

12.02 

9.93 


Inches. 
12.84 
16.16 
21.39 
17.61 
14.48 
11.27 
11.04 
14.94 
10.09 
8.94 
11.51 
19.75 


Inches. 
19.88 
34.27 
39.48 
29.90 
30.48 
19.70 
18.95 
39.16 
24.76 
13.72 
19.66 
28.14 


Inches. 
5.13 




5.15 
22.83 
13.36 
10.38 
11.70 
18.95 
39.16 
4.08 
9.04 
19.66 
28.14 


5.15 


March 


11.45 


April 


11.47 




6.73 


June 


5.82 


July 


5.04 


August 


4.08 


September 


4.08 


October 


2.85 


November 


5.55 


December 


9.93 






Annual 


a 182. 45 
.55 


126. 54 
.35 


177.43 

.48 


171. 11 
.47 


179. 75 
.49 


170. 70 

.47 


o 182. 45 
.55 


126. 54 


Mean daily 


.35 



a For 11 months. 
Note.— Records furnished by Kauai Electric Co. 



EAINFALL RECORDS ON OAHU. 



429 



Rainfall at power house of Kauai Electric Co. (station No. 58), Wainihi River drainage 

basin, Kauai, 1907-1911. 

[Elevation, 125 feet.] 



Month. 



1907 



1906 



1909 



1910 



Average 
5 years. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



Mini- 
mum. 



January 

February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Inches. 



6.05 
17.22 

5.34 
11.81 
11.92 
16.21 
39.68 

4.70 

5.5-8 
10.61 
12.08 



Inches. 
2.87 
11.65 
6.62 
7.66 
3.33 
5.45 
3.62 
7.13 
5.30 
4.44 
2.22 
3.16 



Inches. 
4.85 
6.31 

21.55 
5.45 

10.85 
6.29 

11.16 
5.59 
7.33 
6.75 
2.08 

15.47 



Inches. 
11.75 
4.32 
11.33 
10.75 
13.14 
14.99 
4.87 
5.77 
6.55 
6.64 
8.18 
13.25 



Inches. 
11.26 
15.31 
11.56 
3.20 
13.64 
6.48 
7.27 
7.12 
17.23 
2.52 
7.40 
10.76 



Inches. 
7.68 
8.73 

13.66 
6.48 

10.55 
9.03 
8.63 

13.06 
8.22 
5.19 
6.10 

10.94 



Inches. 
11.75 
15.31 
21.55 
10.75 
13.64 
14.99 
16.21 
39.68 
17.23 
6.75 
10.61 
15.47 



Inches. 
2.87 
4.32 
6.62 
3.20 
3.33 
5.45 
3.62 
5.59 
4.70 
2.52 
2.08 
3.16 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



141.20 
.42 



63.45 
.17 



103. 68 



111.54 
.30 



113. 75 
.31 



109. 30 
.30 



a 141. 20 
.17 



63.45 
.42 



« For 11 months. 
Note. — Records furnished by Kauai Electric Co. 



Alphabetic list of rainfall stations on Island of Kauai. 



Name. 



Aafcukui 

Camp No. 2, near Hanapepe 
Camp No. 7, near Waimea. . 

Eleele 

Grove Farm 

Halaula 

Hanahanapuni 

Hanamaulu 

Hanapepe Valley 

fiUoa-Hanapepe divide 

Homestead 

Intake, Wainiha canal 

Kahana-Makuone divide 

Kamoola ditch 

Kapahi 

Kapaka 

Kapehuala 

Kealia a 

Keanakua 

Kekaha 

Kilauea. 

Ealohana 

Kokee 

Koloa a. 

Kukaua 

Kukuiula 

Lawai Beach 

Lawai (east) .' 

Lawai (Government road). . 



No. 



Eleva- 
tion. 



Feet. 
350 
250 
150 
150 
200 
250 
911 
200 
510 

2,080 
631 
700 

3,750 
835 
300 

1,123 

3,130 
15 

4,450 
40 
342 

4,023 

3,550 
241 

1,000 

100 

5 

600 

450 



Name. 



Lawai (west) 

Lehuamakanoi 

LUiue 

Lihue (Kilohana) 

Makaweli 

Mohlhi-Koaie divide 

Mohihi, upper crossing 

Mahaulepu 

Mana pump 

McBryde residence 

Molokoa 

Olokele ditch 

Olokele mauka 

Paukahana 

Pohakupili 

Power house, Kauai Electrie Co 

Pueo 

Puuhi 

Puu Lua a 

Sanborn's residence 

Summit camp 

Wahiawa 

Wahiawa mauka 

Waiahi 

Waiakoali camp a 

Waialae 

Waialeale 

W aiawa a 

Wilcox ditch 



No. 



Eleva- 
tion. 



Feet. 

225 
3,932 

200 

400 

140 

3,950 

3,500 

90 

30 

900 

250 
1,310 
2,100 
3,723 
2,589 

125 

2,747 

75 

3,500 

105 
1,900 

225 
2,000 

600 

3,450 

3,600 

5,080 

30 

725 



a Evaporation station. 
RAINFALL RECORDS ON ISLAND OF OAHTT. 



Records were obtained at 47 rainfall stations on Oahu during 
1910 and 1911. Of these stations, 21 were above 500 feet, 11 above 
1,000 feet, and 3 above 2,000 feet in elevation. 

The stations on the koolau (windward) side of the island were 
below the region of heaviest rainfall, which probably occurs on the 



430 



WATER KESOUKCES OF HAWAII. 



windward slopes at some distance below the summits of the moun- 
tains. The location of the stations is shown on Plate XII (at end 
of volume) . 

In the subjoined tables acknowledgment is made to the United 
States Weather Bureau for use of data collected by it, and to cooper- 
ating parties and observers. 



Rainfall stations on Island of Oahu. 



1. Makapuu 

2. Mount Olympus 

3. Waiamao 

4. Manoa 

5. Tantalus (Isenberg) 

6. Kaliula 

7. Rhodes' Gardens 

8. United States Experiment 

Station 

9. Spencer Street, Honolulu '. . 

10. Kinau Street, Honolulu 

11. United States Weather Bu- 

reau 

12. United States Naval Station. 

13. Konahuanui 

14. Nuuanu Pali 

15. Luakaha, upper ' 

16. Luakaha, lower 

17. Electric light power station . . 

18. Wyllie Street, Honolulu 

19. Nuuanu Valley 

20. Insane asylum 

21. Moanalua 

22. Aiea (mauka) 

23. Aiea (makai) 



Elevation 
(feet). 

570 


2,450 


600 


300 


1,650 


1,200 


300 


120 


100 


50 


111 


6 


3,100 


1,200 


1,125 


850 


405 


250 


50 


30 


15 


500 


100 



24. Puuloa 

25. Waimalu-uka 

26. Waimalu 

27. Waiawa-Waiahole divide 

28. Waiawa 

29. Schofield Barracks 

30. Hoaeae ^ 

31. Waipahu 

32. Ewa plantation 

33. Magnetic station (Coast and 

Geodetic Survey) 

34. Waianae (mauka) 

35. Waianae mill 

36. Kaala Gulch 

37. Wahiawa 

38. Waialua mill 

39. Kawaiiki 

40. Waialua (Opaeula) 

41. Pupukea 

42. Kahuku 

43. Ahuimanu 

44. Heeia 

45. Kaneohe 

46. Maunawili ranch 

47. Waimanalo 



Elevation 
(feet). 

15 

500 

25 

675 
990 
725 
200 
50 

45 

1,600 

6 

1,700 

870 

30 

1,050 

1.100 

727 

25 

350 

100 

100 

250 

200 



1 Evaporation station. 

Rainfall at Makapuu (station No. 1), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 570 feet.] 



Month 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Januarv 


Inches. 


Inches. 
1.69 
5.35 
3.12 
.48 
.60 
.06 
.28 
.50 


September.. 


Inches. 

2.39 
.64 
.26 

1.66 


Inches. 
1 11 




0.41 
.03 
.16 
.13 
.53 
.43 
.79 




.30 


March 


November 


1 20 






.65 


May 


Annual 




June . . 




15 54 


July 




<x.022 


.043 


August 











a For 11 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL EECOKDS ON OAHU. 



431 



Rainfall on Mount Olympus {station No. 2), Manoa-Kailua divide, Oahu, 1910. 

[Elevation, 2,450 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


1910. 
October 30 1 


36 
31 


5.6 

7.8 


0.16 




.25 






September 24 to November 30, 1910. 


67 


13.4 


.20 







a Gage installed Sept. 24, 1910. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 
Gage destroyed about Jan. 1, 1911, by some person or persons unknown. No further records at this station. 

Rainfall at Waiamao (station No. 3), Palolo Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 600 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



6.75 
17. 62. 
6.54 
5.66 
9.25 
6.03 
4.87 
8.16 



Month. 



September . 
October. . . 
November. 
December . , 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



1910 



3.65 
7.09 
7.99 



a. 204 



1911 



11.58 
4.98 
4.55 
7.60 



93.59 

.256 



a For three months. 

Note. — Standard U. S. Weather Bureau type of gage read daily until Oct. 9, 1911, afterward at irregular 
intervals. 

Rainfall at Manoa (station No. 4), Manoa Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 300 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


7.75 


9.57 


5.35 


16.94 


8.67 


4.66 


8.20 


3.22 


7.98 


7.36 


10.73 


5.92 


5.01 


5.35 


8.25 


7.49 



Average 
13 years. 



Inches. 
5.90 
8.06 
9.15 
7.72 
6.65 
5.49 
6.79 
7.97 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


9.88 


9.74 


4.02 


1.79 


6.09 


6.62 


7.31 


7.68 


89.24 


86.34 


.245 


.236 



Average 
13 years. 



Inches. 
7.98 
7.48 
8.45 



90.50 

.248 



Note.— CompOed from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Tantalus (Isenberg) (station No. 5), Manoa-Pauoa divide, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,650 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
12.65 
11.05 
15.22 
15.65 
16.44 
16.52 
11.08 
13.06 



1911 



Inches. 
14.44 
25.47 
7.18 
9.49 
14.28 
17.70 
10.95 
12.90 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December . , 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 


Inches. 


17.35 


24.74 


7.38 


5.44 


12.46 


11.29 


13.26 


17.62 


162. 12 


171. 50 


.444 


.470 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records.. 



432 



WATEK KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Kaliula (station No. 6), Manoa-Pauoa divide, Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,200 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
8.90 
3.28 
8.80 
7.47 
8.39 
7.69 
7.18 
9.51 



1911 



Inches. 
9.83 
20.03 
4.41 
4.65 
6.77 
8.53 
6.23 
6.89 



Average 
10 years. 



Inches. 
7.12 
9.28 
9.81 
6.79 
6.31 
6.96 
8.15 
9.26 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual.' 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 
10. 38 
4.61 
8.44 
7.11 



91.76 
.251 



Inches. 

14.18 
3.87 
6.16 

12.43 



103. 98 
.285 



Average 
10 years. 



Inches. 
8.62 
6.71 
8.04 
9.84 



96.89 
.265 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Rhodes^ Gcrdens {station No. 7), Manoa Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910. 

[Elevation, 300 feet.] 
Inches. 
January 12. 21 



February 8. 94 

March 11.47 

April 18.58 

May 18.90 

June 15. 08 

July 7.67 

August 16. 66 

Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records, 



Inches. 

September 20. 53 

October 8. 44 

November 11. 42 

December 13. 26 



Annual 163. 16 

Mean daily 447 



Rainfall at United States Experiment Station {station No. 8), Honolulu, Oahu, 1909-10. 

[Elevation, 120 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
3.61 



2.73 
4.28 
1.90 



1910 



Inches. 
6.60 
2.71 
3.34 
2.76 
.92 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. . 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 
2.62 
1.80 



1910 



Inches. 



a 39. 72 
o.lOS 



« From June, 1909, to May, 1910. 
Note.— C<«npiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON OAHU. 



433 



Rainfall at Spencer Street (station No. 9), Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.) 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
day. 


1910. 
June 30 o 


13 
19 
39 
65 
61 


0.8 
.8 
3.4 
8.0 
6.6 


0.06 
.04 
.09 
.12 
.11 


1911. 
May 6 


126 
56 
91 


22.2 
3.9 
6.0 


0.18 


July 19 


July 1 


.07 


Aug. 27 


Sept. 30 


.07 


Oct 31 


June 17, 1910, to 
Sept. 30, 19116.... 




Dec. 31 


470 


51.7 






.110 



a Gage installed June 17, 1910. 

b Standard U. S. Weather Bureau type of gage, at same location but read daily, for same period gave 
49.87 inches, or 0.106 inches per day. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Kinau Street (station No. 10), Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 50 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



1910 



Inches. 
4.42 
1.40 
1.61 
2.84 
1.41 
1.26 
.83 
2.21 



1911 



Inches. 

3.99 

9.54 

3.35 

1.44 

3.09 

.41 

.77 

.77 



Average, 
28 years. 



Inches. 
2.56 
5.02 
3.27 
1.89 
1.72 
.81 
.96 
1.28 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Aimual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 
6.39 



3.30 
2.66 



9.17 
.080 



Inches. 

2.46 

1.42 

71 

2.61 



30.56 
.084 



Average, 
28 years. 



Inches. 
1.60 
1.79 
3.63 
4.51 



29.04 



Note.— Compiled from United States Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at United States Weather Bureau (station No. 11), Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 111 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.79 


4.04 


1.22 


7.98 


1.52 


2.13 


1.48 


1.70 


1.86 


2.62 


.76 


.37 


.95 


.67 


2.04 


.62 



Average, 
23 years. 



Inches. 
3.59 
4.83 
2.88 
2.23 
2.08 
.88 
1.34 
1.43 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. 



Inches. 

6.40 

.63 

3.05 

2.64 



27.34 
.075 



Inches. 

2.20 
.97 
.47 

2.94 



26.71 
.073 



23 years. 



Inches. 
1.41 
1.56 
3.91 
3.54 



29.68 
.081 



Note. — Compiled from United States Weather Bureau records. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 28 



434 



WATER KESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at United States Naval Station (station No. 12), Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 6 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . , 
February . 

March 

April , 

May 

June 

July 

August 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.04 


3.53 


1.13 


7.11 


.82 


2.07 


1.41 


.91 


.52 


2.02 


.64 


.48 


.60 


.45 


1.78 


.38 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
2.89 
4.01 

3.48 
1.03 
.82 
.73 
.85 
1.15 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. . . 



Inches. 

6.05 

.50 

2.05 

2.35 



21.89 
.060 



1911 



Inches. 

2.17 

1.03 

.40 

2.33 



22.88 
.063 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
1.76 
1.29 
2.99 
4.25 



25.25 
.069 



Note.— Compiled from United States Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall on Konahuanui Peak {station No. 13), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 3,100 feet.) 



Date of observation. 



Nov. 30 o. 



1910. 



Feb. 9. 
June 17. 



1911. 



Period 

(days). 



71 
128 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



11.70 



27.56 
47.80 



Inches 
per 
day. 



Date of observation. 



Aug. 1. 
Nov. 8. 
Dec... 



1911. 



Oct. 27, 1910, to 
Dec. 24, 1911 



Period 

(days). 



423 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



7.20 
27.80 
10.40 



132. 46 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.16 

.28 
.23 



.31 



a Gage installed Oct. 27, 1910. 
Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Nuuanu Pali {station No. 14), Nuuanu Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 

1910-11. 



[Elevation, 1,200 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Nov. 7 a. 



Jan. 8. 
Feb. 24. 
June 20. 
Sept. 4. 



Period 

(days). 



62 

47 

116 

76 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



24.6 
26.4 
43.8 
18.4 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.27 



Date of observation. 



Oct. 5. 
Nov. 24. 



1911. 



Jan. 



1912. 



Sept. 23, 1910, to 
Jan. 4, 1912 



Period 

(days). 



468 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



13.4 
8.6 



10.2 



157.5 



Inches 
per 



0.4S 
.17 



a Gage installed Sept. 23, 1910. 
Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 iaches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 



RAINFALL BECORDS ON OAHU. 



435 



Rainfall at upper Luakaha (station No. 15), Nuuanu Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 

1910-11. 
[Elevauon, 1,125 feet.) 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 
10.53 
11.49 
13.51 
12.39 
22.25 
17.92 
8.69 
20.23 



Inches. 
25.51 
23.80 

8.74 
17.75 
28.00 
16.80 

9.63 
17.92 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
16.84 
9.60 
19.25 
20.20 



182. 90 
.501 



1911 



Inches. 
25.28 
5.49 
11.72 
14.37 



205.01 
.562 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at lower Luakaha (station No. 16), Nuuanu Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 850 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
10.36 

9.56 
12.51 
11.89 
22.00 
17.36 

9.15 
18.53 



1911 



Inches. 
23.14 
26.38 

7.37 
14.66 
23.31 
13.91 

8.38 
15.46 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 

9.75 

12.97 

14.06 

12.43 

11.26 

9.81 

9.95 

12.48 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 
16.04 
10.47 
16.64 
17.52 



172.03 
.472 



Inches. 
22.87 
4.17 
12.13 
14.67 



186.45 
.511 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
11.73 
10.73 
12.09 
13.81 



141.07 

.386 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at electric light power station (station No. 17), Nuiuinu Stream drainage basin, 

Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 405 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

Jime 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.94 


14.56 


3.82 


19.27 


5.25 


5.29 


4.55 


6.31 


6.53 


8.70 


5.71 


7.67 


5.21 


3.94 


6.92 


7.33 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
5.98 
8.97 
8.14 
5.74 
4.90 
4.98 
4.83 
5.51 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



Inches. 

11.87 
4.72 
8.87 

11.78 



81.17 
.222 



1911 



Inches. 

15.89 
2.91 
8.76 

11.66 



112. 29 
.308 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
6.06 
6.02 
7.09 
7.43 



75.65 
.207 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Wyllie Street (station No. 18), Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
21 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
21 years. 




Inches. 
7.91 
2.72 
6.77 
5.34 
5.43 


Inches. 
8.99 
15.54 
4.68 
3.78 
4.64 
5.23 
3.10 
3.76 


Inches. 
5.20 
7.85 
7.05 
4.72 
3.80 
3.80 
4.27 
4.74 




Inches. 
8.55 
3.10 
4.95 
7.35 


Inches. 
9.51 
1.97 
4.61 
8.53 


Inches. 
4 73 






4.90 






6.22 






6 74 




Annual 








74.34 
.204 


64.02 


July 




Mean daily... 


«.195 


.175 




7.28 









» For 10 months. 
NoTK.— Compfled from U. S. Weaiaier Bureau records. 



436 



WATEK EESOURCES OF HAWAH. 



Rainfall at Nuwmu Valley {station No. 19), Nuuanu Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 

1910-11. 
[Elevation, 50 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.60 


6.02 


1.79 


11.24 


3.62 


3.42 


2.68 


2.49 




3.70 


2.63 


1.93 


2.74 


2.04 


3.61 


1.60 



Average 
38 years. 



Inches. 
3.88 
5.42 
4.05 
2.91 
2.64 
1.83 
2.35 
2.36 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 
8.21 
1.28 
3.63 
3.85 



0.122 



1911 



Inches. 
4.64 
1.62 
1.90 
5.60 



46.20 
.127 



Average 
38 years. 



Inches. 
2.37 
2.56 
4.91 
4.88 



40.16 
.110 



a For 11 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at insane asylum (station No. 20), Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 30 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.82 


6.01 


1.63 


10.47 


2.53 


3.75 


2.46 


2.18 


2.52 


3.15 


2.22 


1.63 


2.47 


.69 


3.49 


1.06 



Average 
20 years. 



Inches. 
3.61 
6.03 
4.64 
2.51 
1.88 
1.76 
1.91 
2.13 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daUy.. 



1910 



Inches. 
7.22 
1.05 
3.13 
4.34 



39.88 



1911 



Inches. 
4.06 
1.03 
1.79 
5.25 



41.07 
.112 



Average 
20 years. 



Inches. 
2.32 
2.56 
4.14 
4.76 



38.25 
.105 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Moanalua {station No. 21), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 15 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
4.40 
1.53 
1.04 
1.61 



2.30 
1.22 
2.57 



Inches. 
5.17 
8.72 
2.05 
1.10 
1.74 
.39 
.85 



Average 
11 years. 



Inches. 
3.80 
5.14 
4.32 
1.33 
1.05 
.98 
1.43 
1.59 



Month. 



Sepetmber. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 

5.08 

.80 

3.20 

3.55 



1911 



Inches. 

2.92 

.72 

1.01 

3.70 



29.03 



11 years. 



Inches. 
1.98 
1.51 
3.48 
5.38 



31.99 



a For 11 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Aiea {mauka) {station No. 22), Halaiva Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 500 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

Jime 

July , 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
3.93 
1.70 
3.11 
4.46 
2.46 
2.59 
2.65 
3.59 



1911 



Inches. 
4.10 
11.62 
3.24 
1.76 
2.28 
1.91 
2.10 
1.30 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
5.55 
1.24 
3.69 
4.29 



39.26 
.108 



1911 



Inches. 
3.69 
1.25 
2.18 
3.78 



39.21 
.107 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Boreaa records. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON OAHU. 



437 



Rainfall at Aiea (makai) (station No. 23), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


3.71 


3.61 


1.54 


7.60 


1.96 


2.82 


4.16 


.94 


1.54 


1.43 


1.72 


.70 


2.00 


1.27 


3.04 


.80 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 



1.77 
1.17 
1.22 
1.58 
1.84 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. . 



1910 



Inches. 
5.55 
1.12 
3.69 

3.88 



33.91 
.093 



Inches. 
3.02 
1.22 
1.29 
3.29 



27.99 
,077 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
2.09 
1.37 
4.10 
5.30 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Puuloa (station No. 24), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 15 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


2.64 


3.66 


.76 


5.55 


.51 


2.83 


.64 


.91 


.15 


.85 


.16 


.04 


.24 


.04 


1.74 


.11 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 



0.58 
.38 
.23 
.25 
.85 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. . 



Inches. 

5.46 

.42 

2.16 

3.57 



18.45 
.Of I 



Inches. 
1.70 



.03 
1.43 



17.64 
.048 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 

1.40 

.60 

2.63 

3.80 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waimalu-uha (station No. 25), Waimalu Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 500 feet.] 



January. . 
February 
March... 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 



Inches. 
5.18 
2.40 
4.46 
5.22 
3.14 
3.22 
2.54 
3.85 



Inches. 
3.74 
11.34 
1.85 
1.65 
.85 
1.05 
1.88 
1.39 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

10.00 

1.45 

2.93 

4.58 



48.97 
.134 



1911 



Inches. 
3.77 
1.74 
2.09 
5.01 



36.36 
.100 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waimalu (station No. 26), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 25 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 
3.88 
1.66 
2.23 
2.28 
1.35 
1.73 
1.03 
2.86 



Inches. 

3.14 

7.72 

2.21 

.76 

.26 

.42 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 



1.55 
1.14 
.93 
1.05 
1.58 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 

8.35 

.92 

2.94 

3.40 



32.63 



1911 



Inches. 
2.18 
1.73 
1.34 
3.29 



24.60 
.067 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
2.56 
1.42 
3.15 
5.43 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



438 WATEE RESOUKCES OF HAW AH. 

Rainfall at Waiawa-Waiahole divide {station No. 27), Oahu, 1911. 



Date of observation. 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rainfall. 



Inches. 



Inches 
per day. 



Jan. 5 o . 
Feb. 5... 
Aug. 16 6. 
Oct. 7 .. 
Nov. 22... 



31 
31 
192 
52 
46 



12.2 
6.5 
38.6 
33.2 
10.2 



0.40 
.21 
.20 
.64 
.22 



Ian. 3. 



Dee. 5, 1910, to Jan. 3, 1912. 



.30 



a Gage installed Dec. 5, 1910. b Gage moved to new location. 

Note. — Special gage, 50-tnch capacity; receiver 5.94 inebes diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Waiawa {station No. 28), Waiawa Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 675 feet.] 



January... 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



Inches. 
5.30 
1.96 
4.59 
3.68 
3.73 
4.14 
2.85 
5.37 



Inches. 
4.49 
10.88 
3.24 
2.40 
1.76 
2.02 
3.26 
1.46 



September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean dailv- 



1910 



Inches. 
9.89 
3.24 
3.70 
4.95 



53.40 
.146 



1911 



Inches. 
4.36 
1.77 
2.60 
4.97 



43.21 
.118 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Schofield Barracks {station No. 29), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 990 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June , 

July 

August . . . 



1910 



Inches. 
2.30 
3.25 
1.65 
1.22 
3.18 
2.53 
1.27 
3.95 



1911 



Inches. 

4.96 

5.86 

3.89 

1.17 

2.93 

.72 

.77 

.08 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 


Inches. 


9.87 


2.61 


.81 


2.07 


5.67 


.84 


2.49 


2.26 


38. 19 


28.16 


.107 


.077 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Btireau records. 

Rainfall at Hoaeae {station No. 30), Waikalcalaua Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 725 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
3.06 
1.06 
1.02 
1.18 
1.08 
1.62 
.77 
3.36 



iTwhes. 

3.53 

7.75 

3.35 

1.49 

2.28 

.65 

.80 

.75 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 


Inches. 


8.59 


2.39 


.98 


1.12 


4.43 


1.07 


3.03 


2.91 


30.18 


28.09 


.083 


.077 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINPALL RECORDS ON OAHU. 



439 



Rainfall at Waipahu {station No. SI), Oahu, 1910-11. 
(Elevation, 200 feet.] 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 

2.00 
.54 
.78 
.97 
.16 
.44 
.22 

1.99 



Inches. 

3.25 

7.08 

2.56 

.75 

1.52 

.09 

.27 

.38 



Average 
14 years. 



Inches. 

1.99 

4.74 

3.43 

.83 

1.00 

.46 

.31 

.76 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 

4.13 

.40 

3.00 

2.02 



16.65 
.046 



Inches. 

1.43 
.81 
.67 

1.62 



20.43 
.056 



Average 
14 years. 



Inches. 
0.95 
1.39 
2.25 
2.69 



20.80 
.057 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Ewa plantation (station No. 32), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 50 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1.18 


3.11 


.51 


. 6.50 


.39 


1.44 


.41 


.39 


.12 


.43 


.59 


.32 


.63 


.40 


1.25 


.39 



Average 
21 years. 



Inches. 
2.14 

4.76 
2.60 
.80 
.87 
.56 
.38 
.56 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 

3.28 

.35 

3.21 

3.24 



15.16 
.042 



1911 



Inches. 
1.07 



.21 
1.42 



16.57 
.045 



Average 
21 years. 



Inches. 
1.03 
1.18 
2.73 
3.17 



20.78 
.057 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Coast and Geodetic Survey magnetic station (station No. 33), Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 45 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


0.84 


3.47 


.45 


7.37 


.21 


1.46 


.51 


.95 


.03 


.56 


1.68 


.11 


.11 


.41 


.97 


.38 



Average 
10 years. 



Inches. 

2.90 

4.83 

3.41 

.49 

.72 

.64 

.21 

.56 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Armual 

Mean daily. . . 



Inches. 

3.16 

.25 

2.66 

4.53 



15.40 
.042 



Inches. 

0.92 

.63 

.07 

.62 



16.95 
.046 



A verage 
10 years. 



Inches. 

1.00 

.58 

1.97 

3.75 



21.06 
.058 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waianae mauka (station No. 34), Waianae Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,600 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
7.23 
8.09 
1.81 
6.11 
4.69 
7.80 
4.53 
4.19 



1911 



Inches. 
5.45 
6.71 
6.01 
3.74 
2.50 
3.40 
3.63 
2.30 



Month. 



September. 
October. . . 
November. 
December . , 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



1910 



1911 



Inches. 


Inches. 


10.32 


4.91 


2.44 


3.64 


6.95 


2.66 


5.69 


3.88 


69.85 


48.83 


.191 


.134 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



440 



WATEK RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Waianae Mill {station No. 35), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 6 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 

0.46 

1.87 

.00 

.04 

.44 

1.03 

.39 

.57 



1911 



Inches. 

3.30 

2.25 

1.71 

.21 

1.59 

.06 

.29 

.23 



Average, 
18 years. 



Inches. 

2.88 

5.30 

2.23 

.65 

.68. 

.28 

.33 

.99 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



1910 



Inches. 
4.41 

.25 
4.92 

.63 



15.01 
.041 



Inches. 

0.51 

1.34 

.00 

.55 



12.04 
.033 



Average, 
18 years. 



Inches. 

0.97 

.98 

2.65 

2.83 



20.77 
.056 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kaala Gulch {station No. S6), Kaukonahua Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 

1910-11. 







[Elevation, 


1,700 feet.] 






Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


January 


Inches. 


Inches. 
6.28 
10.64 
6.70 
2.80 
6.24 
1.51 
1.81 


September 


Inches. 
11.67 
7.74 
2.36 
3.72 


Inches. 


February 




October 




March 




November. 




April 




December 








Annual 




June 








July 


1.73 
4.13 


Mean daily 




aO 170 

















a For 13 months, July, 1910, to July, 1911. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Wahiawa {station No. 37), Kaukonahua Stream drainage basin, Oahu, 1910. 

[Elevation, 870 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 
2.94 
2.48 
4.06 
1.65 
2.19 
2.96 
1.67 
5.88 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
4.86 
8.27 
6.72 
2.00 
2.98 
2.55 
2.33 
3.80 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
9.05 
1.16 
5.76 
8.91 



48.71 
.133 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
3.42 

2.87 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waialua Mill {station No. 
[Elevation, 30 feet.] 



), Oahu, 1910-11. 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


2.69 


4.91 


1.85 


5.97 


1.57 


4.18 


1.16 


.17 


.67 


2.09 


1.52 


24 


1.20 


.52 


2.48 


.59 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
3.77 
6.93 
4.12 
1.05 
.90 
.65 
1.04 
1.17 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 

2.73 

.55 

5.80 

3.53 



25.75 
.071 



1911 



Inches. 

2.07 
.75 
.37 

3.59 



25.45 
.070 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
1.49 



2.95 
4.67 



29.70 
.081 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON OAHU. 



441 



Rainfall, at Kawaiiki {station No. 39), Anahulu-Opaeula divide, Oahu, 1910-11. 

(Elevation, 1,050 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



1910 



Inches. 



6.05 
5.96 
9.41 



1911 



Inches. 
7.31 
17.95 
6.92 
7.79 
9.56 
7.30 
6.90 
8.39 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 
9.19 
5.64 
13.97 
13.60 



Inches. 
9.06 
3.58 
7.45 
7.84 



100. 05 
.274 



a For 7 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waialua (Opaeula) {station No. 40), Anahulu-Opaeula divide, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,100 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 
3.51 
5.13 
5.36 
5.56 
3.90 
3.51 
3.24 
3.80 


Inches. 
5.39 
10.63 
4.41 
2.28 
5.45 
2.04 
3.04 
2.40 


September 


Inches. 
5.80 
2.11 
7.53 
6.25 


Inches. 
4.26 




October 


1.82 




November 


2.61 


April 


December 


4.42 


May 


Annual 






55.70 
.153 


48.75 


July 


Mean daily 


.134 













Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Pupukea {station No. 41), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 727 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 
4.95 
1.80 
5.26 
3.74 
5.23 
5.47 
4.37 
4.91 


Inches. 
5.82 
9.08 
4.36 
2.11 
3.66 
5.05 


September 


Inches. 
2.26 
2.00 
7.69 
6.47 


Inches. 




October 






November 




April 


December 


5.55 




Annual. . .• 






54.15 
.148 




July 


Mean daily 


o 166 

















a For 6 months, January to June. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kdhuku {station No. 42), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 25 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.20 


4.73 


1.72 


5.43 


1.14 


6.35 


1.53 


.40 


1.87 


4.52 


1.97 


1.23 


1.44 


1.49 


2.94 


2.72 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
3.07 
5.92 
4.71 
1.99 
2.06 
1.33 
1.61 
2.39 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



1910 



Inches. 
1.31 
2.28 
4.27 
3.46 



28.13 
.077 



1911 



Inches. 

.61 

.02 

.96 

2.14 



36.60 
.100 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
2.30 
2.65 
3.86 
3.90 



35.79 
.098 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



442 



WATEE EESOXJBCES OP HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Ahuimanu (station No. 43), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 350 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March... 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


3.94 


6.69 


6.06 


11.18 


2.97 


5.11 


3.51 


4.41 


2.96 


11.73 


5.40 


2.22 


3.41 


2.20 


7.66 


.92 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
6.45 
9.52 
8.76 
6.44 
6.94 
4.08 
4.38 
5.94 



Mjnth. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



Inches. 
11.62 
3.40 
7.24 



.174 



Inches. 
4.24 
6.00 
2.98 
5.24 



62.92 
.172 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
6.74 
6.41 

8.87 
9.44 



83.97 
.230 



a For 11 months. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Heeia (station No. 44), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January . , 
February 
M.areh . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 



Inches. 
3.67 
4.96 
2.53 
2.20 
1.54 
2.78 
1.90 
7.60 



1911 



Inches. 
4.61 
8.29 
6.46 
2.83 
10.65 
1.34 
.95 
3.92 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
5.37 
2.95 
3.92 
7.49 



46.91 
.129 



1911 



Inches. 
4.74 
2.00 
3.47 



a. 147 



a For 11 months. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kansohe (station No. 45), Kaneohe Stream drainage hasin, Oahu, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.22 


5.24 


3.59 


10.24 


1.90 


6.02 


2.37 


1.23 


2.18 


9.21 


2.51 


1.42 


1.85 


.85 


5.09 


3.68 



Average, 
16 years. 



Inches. 
3.76 

5.85 
6.70 
3.84 
4.26 
2.59 
2.57 
4.44 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean dailv... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.68 


4.35 


3.02 


4.03 


4.58 


2.53 


7.90 


4.42 


45.89 


53.22 


.126 


1.46 



Average, 
16 years. 



Inche.s 
3.90 
4.30 
4.96 
6.80 



53.97 
.148 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Maunawili ranch (station No. 46), Kailua Stream drainage basin, Oahu. 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.58 


7.23 


5.98 


17.91 


4.62 


7.95 


4.20 


3.11 


6.51 


11.64 


5.50 


4.27 


2.73 


4.06 


10.24 


7.16 



Average 
17 years. 



Inches. 
5.65 
8.92 
8.73 
6.15 
6.37 
4.10 
4.21 
6.25 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


10.22 


6.37 


4.45 


4.48 


5.80 


3.66 


10.79 


7.50 


75. 62 


85.34 


.207 


.234 



Average 
17 years. 



Inches. 
5.58 
5.44 
6.82 
9.83 



75.15 
.214 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



KAINPALL EECOKDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



443 



Rainfall at Waimanalo {station No. 47), Oahu, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
18 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
18 years. 


January 


Inches. 
2.90 
2.27 
1.45 
1.53 
2.05 
2.01 
1.14 
4.49 


Inches. 

3.59 

13.84 

5.05 

1.09 

7.44 

.71 

.65 

1.19 


Inches. 
4.21 
7.11 
6.39 
2.18 
3.02 
1.51 
1.40 
1.76 


September 


Inches. 
7.34 
2.83 
2.46 
5.63 


Inches. 

2.32 

1.81 

.83 

2.67 


Inches. 
2.08 


February 


October 


2.50 


March 


November 


5.21 


April 


December 


6.97 




Annual 

Mean daily... 




June 


36.10 
.099 


41.19 
.113 


44.34 


July 


.121 


August 









Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Alphabetic list of rainfall stations on Island of Oahu. 



Name. 



Ahuimanu 

Aiea (mauka) 

Aiea (makai) 

Electric light power station. . . 

E wa plantation 

Experiment station (U. S.). . . 

Heeia 

Hoaeae a, 

Insane asylum 

Kaala Gulch 

Kahuku 

Kaliula 

Kaneohe 

Kawaiiki 

Kllnau Street, Honolulu 

Konahuanui 

Luakaha, lower 

Luakaha, upper o 

Magnetic station 

Makapuu 

Manoa 

Maunawill ranch 

Moanalua 

Mount Olympus 



No. 


Eleva- 
tion. 




Feet. 


43 


350 


22 


500 


23 


100 


17 


405 


32 


50 


8 


120 


44 


100 


30 


725 


20 


30 


36 


1,700 


42 


25 


6 


1,200 


45 


100 


39 


1,050 


10 


50 


13 


3,100 


16 


850 


15 


1,125 


33 


45 


1 


570 


4 


300 


46 


250 


21 


15 


2 


2,450 



Name. 



Naval station (U. S.) 

Nuuanu Pali 

Nuuanu Valley 

Pupukea 

Puuloa 

Rhodes' Gardens 

Schofield Barracks 

Spencer Street. Honolulu o 

Tantalus (Isenberg) 

Wahiawa. 

Waialua Mill 

Waialua (Opaeula) 

Waiamao 

Waianae (mauka) 

Waianae Mill 

Waiawa 

Waiawa-Waishole divide . . 

Waimalu 

Waimalu-uka 

Waimanalo 

Waipahu 

Weather Bureau (U. S.)... 
Wyllie Street, Honolulu... 



No. 



Eleva- 
tion. 



Feet. 

6 

1,200 

50 

727 

15 

300 

990 

100 

1,650 

870 

30 

1,100 

600 

1.600 

6 

675 



25 
500 
200 
200 
111 
250 



» Evaporation station. 
RAINFALL RECORDS ON ISLANDS OF MATJI AND KAHOOLAWE. 

Rainfall records were obtained at 49 stations on Maui during 1910 
and 1911. Of these, 12 w,ere on West Maui and 37 on East Maui, and 
they were fairly well distributed over the island, there being 25 sta- 
tions above 1,000 feet, 9 above 2,000 feet, and 5 above 3,000 feet in 
elevation. Four stations were established on Kahoolawe late in 1911, 
one of these replacing a station where observations were made for 
several months during 1904-5, 

The greatest amount of rainfall observed at any station was at 
Waikamoi mauka, on the windward slope of East Maui, where the total 
precipitation from the time the station was estabhshed, October 12, 
1910, to December 31, 1911, was 455.78 inches, an average of shghtly 
over 1 inch a day for the entire period. In comparison with this, the 
13.01 inches of rainfall during 1911 and 11.28 inches during 1910 at 
the Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co.'s camp No. 7 (rainfall station 
No. 46) show the decidedly arid conditions prevailing on some parts 
of the island. 



444 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



In the following tables credit is given to the United States Weather 
Bureau for the use of data and also to cooperating parties and 
observers for records furnished the Geological Survey. The location 
of the stations is shown on Plate XIV (at end of volume). 



Rainfall stations on islands of 

Elevation (feet). 

1. Waihee tunnels 1,550 28. 

2. Waihee ]00 29. 

3. Waiehu 375 30. 

4. lao Valley, cave 1,720 31. 

5. lao Valley, tableland 1,500 32. 

6. lao Valley, gaging station 830 33. 

7. Wailuku (Penhallow's resi- 34. 

dence) 390 35. 

8. Wailuku (mission) 250 36. 

9. Wailuku Mill 180 37. 

10. Kahului 8 38. 

11. Waikapu tunnel 1,535 39. 

12. Waikapu 600 40. 

13. Olowalu mauka 700 41. 

14. Olowalu 10 42. 

15. PuuKukui 5,000 43. 

16. Kahoma reservoir 2,000 44. 

17. Puu Kukui slope 2, 500 45. 

18. Honokawai Gulch 1,500 46. 

19. Honokawai powerhouse 1, 200 

20. Kaanapali 12 47. 

21. Mahana 1,800 48. 

22. Mokupea 1,000 49. 

23. Honokahua Gulch 760 50. 

24. Honolua 25 51 

25. Honokahau ditch intake 806 52. 

26. Waihoi 2, 200 53' 

27. Hana 145 



Maui and Kahoolawe. 

Elevation (feet). 

Nahiku 700 

Kopiliula 1, 220 

Keanae 1, 000 

Kupau camp 300 

1,800 

4,250 

1,250 

710 

700 

1,160 



Honomanu 

Waikamoi mauka 

Waikamoi 

Punaluu 

Kailua 

Lupi 

Ukulele 5,300 

Olinda 4,000 



Haleakala Ranch 2, 



000 
700 
430 
700 
50 
73 



Makawao 1, 

Puuomalei 1, 

Haiku 

Spreckelsville 

Puunene 

Camp No. 7 (Hawaiian Com- 
mercial & Sugar Co.) , 90 

Kihei 55 

Kula (Erehwon) 4, 200 

Waiopae Ranch 1, 740 

Kahoolawe, Camp 80 

Kahoolawe, Reservoir 500 

Kahoolawe, Moaula 1, 100 

Kahoolawe, Kealia 600 



Rainfall at Waihee water development tunnels (station No. 1), Waihee Stream drainage 

basin, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,550 feet.) 





Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 




Inches. 


Inchea 
per 
day. 


Dec. 120 


1910. 


28 

81 
172 
99 


51.6+ 

51.6+ 
51.6+ 
51.6+ 




Mar. 3 


1911. 




Aug. 22 




Nov. 29 . 









« A special gage of 50-incli capacity, receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, was 
installed Nov. 4, 1910. On Nov. 29, 1911, it was replaced by a gage of 300-inch capacity, the diameter of the 
receiver being S.94 inches and that of the container 18.78 inches. 

Note. — Every time the gage was visited it had overflowed. Under such conditions the actual capacity 
is 51.6 inches and not 50 inches. The rated capacity does include the capacity of the "neclc" of the receiver, 
which is 1.6 inches. During the period covered by this record there was probably much more rainfall than 
the data show. 



EAINFALL KECORDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



445 



Rainfall at Waihee (station No. 2), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 

8.95 

1.97 

1.06 

.90 

.37 

1.60 

.28 

1.12 



1911 



Inches. 
4.35 
6.99 
3.74 
2.29 
3.06 
.49 
2.84 
1.28 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Armual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 

0.56 

1.22 

.88 

12.74 



31.65 
.087 



Inches. 
4.55 
1.40 
1.02 
1.80 



33.81 
.093 



Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by H. B. Penhallow, manager Wailuku Sugar Co. 

Rainfall at Waiehu (station No. 3), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 375 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 
9.43 
1.73 
1.33 

.55 
1.46 

.79 
1.11 
2.53 



1911 



Inches. 
5.26 
7.27 
3.32 
1. 95 
4.38 
.71 
1.65 
1.26 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
1.21 
2.21 
2.50 
16.42 



il.27 
.113 



Inches. 

4.29 

2.61 

.9,5 

1.97 



35.62 
.098 



Note. — Gage read daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. 

Rainfall at lao Valley cave (station No. 4), lao Stream drainage basin, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,720 feet.] 





f observation. 


Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Datec 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 




1910. 


35 

36 
35 
35 
34 


25.4 

13.6 
31.0 
13.6 
14.8 


0.73 

.38 
.89 
.39 
.44 


1911. 
June 24 


56 
69 
39 
53 


36.4 
21.4 
23.2 
8.6 


0.65 




1911. 


Sept. 1 


.31 




Oct. 10 


.60 




Dec. 2 


.16 




Nov. 5, 1910, to 
Dec. 2, 1911 




i/lai.2& ...'.'.'..........'... 


392 


188.0 




Apr. 29 


.48 







o Gage installed Nov. 5, 1910. 
Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 



446 



WATEB EESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Rainfall at lao Valley tableland {station No. 5), lao Stream drainage basin, Maui, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,500 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1910. 
July 10-31(1.... 

August 

September 

October 

November a 

December 



July 10 to Dec. 30.. 



Period 

(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Indies. 



18.49 
1.73 
7.18 
9.34 



46.68 



Indies 
per 
day. 



0.47 
.60 
.058 
.23 
.31 



Date of observation. 



Apr. 29 b . 
June 24 . . 
Sept. 1 .. 
Oct. 10 . . 
Dec. 2 . . 



1911. 



Apr. 12 to Dec. 2. 



Period 

(days). 



234 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



10.4 
32.6 
13.6 
26.2 

8.4 



91.2 



Indies 
per 

day. 



0.61 
.58 
.20 
.67 
.16 



.39 



o This was an English type of gage loaned to the County of Maui in May, 1910. No records available 
before July 10 nor after Nov. 30, 1910. Readings made at irregular intervals, and these figures may not 
include all the rainfall during the period indicated. 

6 Special gage, 50-inch capacity, receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, installed 
at same location Apr. 12, 1911. 

Rainfall at lao gaging station {station No. 6), lao Stream drainage basin, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 830 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Nov. 2-30 a. 
December. 



1910. 



January . . 
February . 

March 

Apr. 1-8 6. 





Recorded rain- 




fall. 


Period 








(days). 




Inches 




Inches. 


per 
day. 


28 


5.41 


0.19 


31 


21.87 


.71 


31 


10.96 


.35 


28 


10.68 


.38 


31 


4.63 


.15 


8 


.78 


.10 



Date of observation. 



1911. 
Apr. 12-29 c.... 
June 24 



Sept. 
Oct. 
Dec. 



Nov. 2, 1910, to Dec. 
2, 1911 d 



Period 

(days). 



391 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



3.2 
17.2 

9.6 
12.8 

3.4 



100.53 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.18 
.31 
.14 
.33 
.06 



o Gage installed Nov. 2, 1910. This was an English type of gage and readings were made at irregular 
intervals. 

b Gage removed by some person or persons unknown soon after Apr. 8, 1911. 

c Special gage, SO-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, installed 
Apr. 12, 1911. 

d No record for period Apr. 8-12, 1911. 



EAINFALL EECORDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



447 



Rainfall at H. B. Penhallow's residence {station No. 7), Wailuku, Maui, 1896-1911. 

[Elevation, 390 feet.) 



Month. 


1896 


1897 


1898 


1899 


1900 


1901 


1902 


1903 


1904 


1905 




Inches. 


Inches. 
2.86 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.71 
.00 
.00 
.59 
.22 
.00 
5.04 
1.87 


Inches. 

1.20 

3.90 

2.66 

.00 

.50 

.00 

.00 

.00 

1.02 

.00 

.57 

4.86 


Inches. 

0.00 

1.98 

10.23 

.00 

.42 

.00 

.00 

.24 

.00 

1.83 

.43 

.46 


Inches. 

2.09 

5.96 

.70 

1.45 

.00 

.29 

.50 

.00 

.00 

10.99 

4.20 

2.25 


Inches. 

2.22 

17.97 

3.53 

1.15 

.00 

.00 

.14 

.05 

.10 

.42 

3.88 

3.64 


Inches. 

1.58 

2.00 

9.49 

10.82 

2.81 

1.82 

.25 

.32 

.77 

.75 

2.66 

8.41 


Inches. 
8.15 
5.20 

.95 
3.11 
2.13 

.00 
1.35 

.00 
1.25 
5.21 
2.08 
1.59 


Inches. 

4.40 
16.95 

6.15 
.00 
.00 
.59 
.00 
.00 

1.13 
.92 

5.44 

6.78 


Inches. 
3.38 






1.23 






4.72 






2.73 






1.25 






.00 


July 




.00 






.00 






1.69 






.00 


November 


1.45 
7.00 


1.15 




2.55 






Annual 




11.29 
.031 


14.71 
.040 


15.59 
.043 


38.43 
.105 


33.10 
.091 


41.68 
.114 


31.02 
.085 


42.36 
.116 


18.70 


Mean dally 


0.14 


.051 



Month. 


1906 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
15 years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


January 


Inches. 

5.75 

.00 

5.53 

2.35 

.37 

.00 

.00 

1.21 

.40 

2.25 

2.50 

9.13 


Inches. 

13.48 

8.78 

1.81 

1.40 

.00 

.00 

.52 

2.65 

.00 

1.21 

.54 

.80 


Inches. 

1.16 
.67 

3.03 
.38 
.06 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.40 
.00 

1.88 

1.31 


Inches. 

0.52 

1.83 

8.00 

3.00 

1.40 

.10 

.33 

.11 

.31 

2.84 

.05 

4.21 


Inches. 

2.38 

1.30 

.62 

1.24 

1.47 

.85 

.30 

1.24 

.26 

.93 

1.97 

16.98 


Inches. 

6.58 

6.39 

3.51 

1.25 

3.51 

.67 

.98 

.76 

1.50 

.25 

.22 

1.16 


Inches. 

3.72 

4.94 

4.06 

1.92 

.98 

.29 

.29 

.48 

.60 

2.50 

2.13 

4.66 


Inches. 

13.48 

17.97 

10.23 

10.82 

3.51 

1.82 

1.35 

2.65 

1.69 

20.99 

5.44 

16.98 


Inches. 
0.00 




.00 




.00 


April 


.00 




.00 


June 


.00 


July 


.00 


August 


.00 


September 


.00 


October 


.00 


November 


.05 




.46 






Annual 

Mean daily.... 


29.49 
.081 


31.19 
.085 


8.89 
.024 


22.70 
.062 


29.54 
.081 


26.78 
.073 


26.36 
.072 


42.36 
.116 


8.89 
.024 



o For 2 months. 
Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by H. B. Penhallow, manager Wailuku Sugar Co. 

Rainfall at Wailuku mission {station No. 8), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



1910 



Inches. 
9.35 
1.34 
1.19 
1.03 
1.28 
.84 
.20 
1.56 



1911 



Inches. 

4.67 

5.26 

3.40 

1.08 

3.09 

.43 

.84 

.69 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 

5.13 

4.96 

4.74 

2.34 

.98 

.50 

.66 

1.20 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . . 
Mean daily, 



1910 



Inches. 

0.28 

.62 

1.25 

16.01 



34.95 
.096 



Inches. 

2.20 
.38 
.53 

1.35 



23.92 
.066 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
1.03 
1.16 
2.14 
5.21 



30.05 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



448 



WATEK RESOURCES OF HAWAH. 



Rainfall at Wailuku mill (station No. 9), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 180 feet.) 



Month. 



January... 
February. 
March . . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July,.,.., 
August 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


9.40 


4.41 


1.26 


6.17 


.68 


3.37 


1.03 


1.01 


1.07 


3.19 


.93 


.28 


.21 


.73 


1.48 


.63 



Average, 
25 years. 



Inches. 

3.72 

5.19 

3.75 

1.77 

.93 

.33 

.52 

.92 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 

0.29 

1.17 

1.33 

15.65 



34.50 
.095 



Inches. 

2.11 
.25 
.57 

1.71 



24.43 
.067 



Average, 
25 years. 



Inches. 
0.72 
1.38 
2.91 
3.80 



25.94 
.071 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kahului (station No. 10), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 8 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.18 


2.63 


.15 


4.57 


1.10 


2.64 


.81 


.58 


.65 


1.84 


.93 


.25 


.17 


.41 


1.09 


.49 



Average, 
13 years. 



Inches. 
2.27 
2.27 
1.48 
.65 
.57 
.15 
.41 
.42 



Month. 



September , 

October , 

November , 

December 

Annual ... 
Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

0.12 

.93 



21.49 
.059 



1911 



Inches. 

1.77 

.33 

.43 



16.92 
.046 



Average, 
13 years. 



Inches. 

0.33 

.90 

1.67 

3.18 



14.30 
.039 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. "Weather Bureau records. 



Rainfall at Waikapu water development tunnel (station No. 11), Waikapu Stream, drainage 

basin, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,535 feet.] 





Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 




Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Dec. 10 a . 


1910. 


37 

27 
41 


28.6 

10.6 
24.6 


0.77 


Jan. 6 


1911. 


.39 


Feb. 16 - - ... 


.60 




1910, to Feb. 16, 1911 




Nov. 3, 


105 


63.8 


.60 









a Gage installed Nov. 3, 1910. About May 1, 1911, gage was removed by unknown parties and was not 
replaced until Dec. 1. No records available after Feb. 16, 1911. 

Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 



EAINFALL RECOKDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



449 



Rainfall at Waikapu {station No. 12), Maui, 1895-1906. 
[Elevation, 600 feet.] 



Month. 



1896 



1898 



1899 



1900 



Inches. 



January. . . 
February . . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



1.30 

.15 

.33 

2.26 

1.85 

.85 

3.30 

2.03 



Inches. 

2.85 

.00 

2.77 

.50 

.00 

.00 

.56 

.00 

.00 

1.00 

1.30 

6.60 



Inches. 

2.20 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.80 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.40 

.00 

2.80 

1.80 



Inches. 

0.00 

3.75 

1.49 

.33 

.28 

.19 

.00 

.24 

.13 

.00 

.25 

3.28 



Inches. 

0.00 

1..58 

11.08 

.71 

.32 

.00 

.17 

.22 

.00 

.87 

1.12 

.21 



Inches. 

0.51 

3.80 

.76 

1.38 

.35 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

2.50 

5.80 

.00 



Inches. 

0.00 
18.75 

1.15 
.50 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 

4.50 
.50 



Inches. 

0.58 

2.37 

5.26 

.75 

2.08 

2.86 

.00 

.00 

.67 

.75 

2.21 

7.25 



Annual . . . . 
Mean daily , 



15.58 
.043 



8.00 
.022 



9.94 
.027 



16.28 
.045 



15.10 
.041 



25.40 
.070 



24.78 
.068 



Month. 



1904 



1905 



1906 



Average, 
11 years. 



Maxi- 
Tnum. 



Mini- 
mum. 



January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 

5.52 

3.63 

1.37 

3.70 

.00 

1.30 

1.10 

.28 

.00 

4.42 

2.35 

1. 55 



Inches. 

3.80 

18.08 

9.50 

1.06 

.00 

.31 

.00 

.00 

1.34 

.70 

2.44 

1.92 



Inches. 

2.49 

1.25 

3.15 

3.53 

.00 

.00 

.50 

.80 

2.10 

.00 

.90 

1.42 



Inches. 

5.75 

.00 

2.78 

2.09 



Inches. 

2.15 

4.84 

3.57 

1.32 

.47 

.44 

.24 

.35 

..59 

1.01 

2.45 

2.41 



Inches. 
5.75 
18.75 
11.08 
3.70 
2.08 
2.86 
1.10 
2.26 
2.10 
4.42 
5.80 
7.25 



Inches. 
0.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.25 
.00 



25.22 
.069 



39. 15 
.107 



16.14 
.044 



19.84 
.054 



39.15 
.107 



B.OO 
.022 



a For 8 months. b For 4 months. 

Note. — Gage read daily. Records furnished by H. B. Penhallow, manager Wailuku Sugar Co. 

Rainfall at Olowalu mauka (station No. IS), Olowalu Stream drainage basin, Maui, 1911, 

[Elevation, 700 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Nov. lo to Dec. 31 .■ 


60 


10.8 


0.18 







a Gage installed Nov. 1, 1911. 
Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 29 



450 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Olowalu (station No. 14), Maui, 1907-1911. 
[Elevation, 10 feet.] 



Month. 



Januaiy 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily, 



1907 



Inches. 

18. 23 

11.55 

5.40 

.00 

.58 

.00 

.00 

5.56 

4.75 

.00 

.00 

2.20 



48.27 
.132 



1908 



Inches. 

0.18 
.00 

4.30 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.40 
.00 

1.44 
.45 



6.77 
.018 



1909 



Inches. 

0.75 

4.77 

6.35 

1.43 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.00 

5.45 

.00 

8.55 



27.30 
.075 



Inches. 
13.10 
.00 
.75 
.00 
.00 
.18 
.00 
.42. 

1.07 
.00 
.00 

9.03 



24.55 
.067 



Inches. 

7.24 

9.64 

10.75 

.30 

1.10 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.70 

.00 

.00 

.00 



29.73 
.081 



A ver- 
age, 5 
years. 



Inches. 

7.90 

5.19 

5.51 

.35 

.34 

.04 

.00 

1.20 

1.38 

1.09 

.29 

4.05 



27.32 
.075 



Maxi- 
mum. 



Inches. 

18.23 

11.55 

10.75 

1.43 

1.10 

.18 

.00 

5.56 

4.75 

5.45 

1.44 

9.03 



48.27 
.132 



Mini- 
mum. 



Inches. 
0.18 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 



6.77 
.018 



Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by Geo. Gibb, manager Olowalu Sugar Co. 



Rainfall on Puu Kukui Mountain {station No. 15), Honokawai Stream drainage basin, 

Maui, 1911. 

[Elevation, 5,000 feet.] 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Nov. 30 o 


48 
31 


23.5 
22.0 


0.49 


Dec. 31 


.71 






Oct. 13 to Dec. 31 


79 


45.5 


.58 







a Gage installed Oct. 13, 1911. 
Note. — Special gage, 125-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter; container 13.3 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Kohoma reservoir (station No. 16), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,000 fect.j 



Month. 



January . . 
Febmary. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



1910 



Inches. 



4.10 
4.25 
2.96 
2.50 
4.23 



1911 



Inches. 
6.39 
16.68 
3.36 
1.51 
2.54 
.28 
1.35 
2.26 



September. 
October... 
November., 
December. 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 

3.23 

1.30 

0.62 

10.38 



6.128 



Inches. 

5.89 

.71 

3.45 

4.19 



48.61 
.133 



a For Nov. 15-30. 
Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by E. Brecht. 



b For 261 days. 



EAINFALL RECORDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



451 



Rainfall on Puu Kuhd slope {station No. 17), Honokawai Stream drainage basin, Maui, 

1911. 

[Elevation, 2,500 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Nov. 30 o 


48 
31 


6.5 
8.0 


0.14 


Dec. 31 


.26 






Oct. 13 to Dec. 31 


79 


14.5 


.18 







a Gage installed Oct. 13, 1911. 
Note. — Special gage, 125-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter; container 13.3 inches diameter. 

Rainfall in Honokawai Gulch {station No. 18), Honokawai Stream drainage basin, Maui, 

1911. 

[Elevation, 1,500 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rainfall. 



Inches. 



Inches 
per day. 



Nov. 30 «■ . 
Dec. 31... 



8.6 
9.6 



0.20 
.31 



Oct. 17 to Dec. 31. 



75 



18.2 



a Gage installed Oct. 17, 1911. 
Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter. 

Rainfall at Honokawai power house {station No. 19), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,200 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February. 

March 

April 

M^y 

June 

July 

August . . . 



1910 



Inches. 
3.12 



3.12 
3.98 
2.21 
2.33 
3.02 



1911 



Inches. 
5. .52 
12.83 
3.26 
3.32 
3.35 
2.98 
1.15 
1.83 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December . . 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



1910 



1911 



Inches. 


Inches. 


0.98 


3.82 


2.81 


1.39 


3.49 


2.58 


6.45 


4.40 


31.51 


46.43 


O.103 


.127 



a For 11 months. 
Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by E. Brecht. 



452 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Eaanapali {station No. 20), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 12 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 



1.61 

.55 
1.51 

.89 
1.25 

.25 

.31 



Inches. 

5.22 

6.17 

2.55 

.92 

.67 

.11 

(a) 



Average, 
13 years. 



Inches. 

4.06 

3.82 

1.91 

1.01 

.60 

.48 

.63 

1.61 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 
0.15 



.45 
4.01 



6.035 



Inches. 

0.90 
.14 
.18 

1.17 



18.11 
.050 



Average, 
13 years. 



Inches. 
0.61 



1.63 
3.59 



20.81 
.057 



o Trace of rain, but too small to measure. 
Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



l> For 11 months. 



Rainfall at Mahana (station No. 21), Honokahua Stream drainage basin, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,800 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March. . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


13.50 


12.56 


7.62 


17.57 


8.86 


2.96 


7.25 


8.24 


11.20 


8.88 


8.49 


13.83 


7.08 


4.34 


12.35 


12.10 



Average, 
15 years. 



Inches. 
9.54 
11.69 
10.61 
9.32 
7.86 
6.30 
7.98 
10.46 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 
3.97 
5.77 



115. 92 
.318 



Inches. 
19.23 
3.65 

7.86 
8.18 



119. 40 
.327 



Average, 
15 years. 



Inches. 
7.15 
7.90 
9.48 
11.95 



110. 24 
.302 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



Rainfall at Mokupea (station No. 22), Honokahua Stream drainage basin, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
12.21 
8.73 
7.07 
5.84 
7.52 
6.30 
5.39 
8.39 



Inches. 
9.67 
12.98 
2.72 
5.43 
6.86 
8.13 
3.02 
7.15 



Average 
13 years. 



Inches. 
8.49 
11.39 
8.27 
8.01 
6.68 
5.64 
6.66 
8.36 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily. . 



1910 



Inches. 
2.30 
4.49 
5.14 
18.36 



91.74 
.251 



Inches. 

14.72 

2.63 

5.54 

6.63 



85.48 
.234 



Average 
13 vears. 



Inches. 
6.41 
7.24 
8.38 
9.88 



95.41 
.261 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL RECOKDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



453 



Rainfall at Honokahua Gulch {station No. 23), Maui, 1907-1911. 
[Elevation, 760 feet.] 



Month. 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Ayerage, 
5 years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


January 


Inches. 


Inches. 
2.58 
8.77 
6.45 
3.02 
3.09 
4.65 
4.00 
6.94 
5.42 
2.03 
3.38 
4.55 


Inches. 
1.67 
4.86 
11.77 
4.87 
5.22 
4.13 
7.76 
2.84 
2.89 
4.63 
2.22 
9.51 


Inches, 
10.34 
6.09 
5.25 
4.51 
7.18 
5.32 
5.20 
8.98 
1.00 
3.77 
5.02 
13.59 


Inches. 
8.48 
10.51 
2.89 
4.86 
3.56 
5.74 
3.51 
4.88 
7.49 
2.57 
3.89 
4.58 


Inches. 
5.77 
7.38 
6.07 
4.08 
4.29 
4.96 
4.92 
6.55 
4.23 
3.51 
4.00 
6.84 


Inches. 
10.34 
10.51 
11.77 
4.87 
7.18 
5.74 
7.76 
9.13 
7.49 
4.63 
5.48 
13.59 


Inches. 
1.67 


February 


6.70 
4.02 
3.16 
2.41 
4.96 
4.13 
9.13 
4.31 
4.56 
5.48 
1.98 


4.86 


March 


2.89 


April 


3.02 


May 


2.41 


.Tiinfi 


4.13 


July 


3.51 


August . . . 


2.84 


September 


1.06 


October 


2.03 


November 


2.22 


December 


1.98 






Annual 




54.88 
.150 


62.37 
.171 


76.31 
.209 


62.96 

.172 


62.40 
.171 


76.31 
.209 


54.88 


Mean daily 


0.152 


.150 



a For 11 months. 
Note. — Gage read daily. Records furnished by David Fleming, manager Honolua ranch. 



Rainfall at Honolua {station No. 24), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 25 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
19 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average 
19 years. 




Inches. 
7.96 
3.28 
3.08 
2.72 
2.98 
2.49 
2.20 
5.87 


Inches. 
5.96 
7.08 
2.47 
2.39 
2.94 
2.37 
2.77 
5.41 


Inches. 
4.19 
5.50 
4.17 
2.66 
1.71 
1.82 
2.37 
2.96 


September 


Inches. 
1.30 
2.42 
2.66 
8.16 


Inches. 
7.77 
1.34 
3.12 
3.04 


Inches. 
2.57 




October 


2.67 


March 


November 


3.80 




December 


4.79 




Annual 

Mean daily... 




June 


45.12 
.124 


46.66 
.128 


39.21 


July 


.107 











Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Honokahau ditch intake {station No. 25), Maui, 1907-1911. 
[Elevation, 806 feet.] 



Month. 



1907 



1909 



1910 



1911 



Average, 
5 years. 



Maxi- 
mum. 



Mini- 
mum. 



January 

February . . 

March 

AprU 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Inches. 



20.61 
8.66 
14.08 
5.46 
5.70 
9.45 
25.15 
13.04 
16.36 
10.24 
2.67 



Inches. 
5.39 

12.20 
9.25 
7.48 
6.48 
5.51 
9.56 

13.14 
9.63 
5.34 
8.53 

12.56 



Inches. 
3.37 
8.18 
30.10 
16.03 
13.96 
10.65 
14.90 
4.65 
5.91 
9.13 
6.71 
13.63 



Inches. 
18.57 
10.16 
11.99 
9.16 
9.78 
14.43 
10.26 
23.93 
5.64 
6.69 
14.25 
29.59 



Inches. 
16.65 
20.01 

6.81 
12.42 
15.13 
15.23 

9.72 
19.10 
25.31 
10.08 
11.72 

9.39 



Inches. 
10.98 
14.23 
13.36 
11.83 
10.16 
10.31 
10.78 
17.20 
11.90 
9.52 
10.30 
13.57 



Inches. 
18.57 
20.61 
30.10 
16.03 
15.13 
15.23 
14.90 
25.15 
25.31 
16.36 
14.25 
29.59 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



105.07 
.29 



137.22 
.38 



164. 45 
.45 



171.57 
.47 



144.34 
.40 



171.57 
.47 



Inches. 
3.37 
8.18 
6.81 
7.48 
5.46 
5.51 
9.45 
4.65 
5.64 
5.34 
6.71 
2.67 



105.07 
.29 



o For 11 months. 
Note. — Gage read daily. Records furnished by David Fleming, manager Honolua ranch. 



454 



WATEE EESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Rainfall at Waihoi {station No. 26), near Hana, Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,200 feet.] 



Date of observation. 


Recorded 
rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Recorded 
rainfall. 


1910. 
July 24 


Inches. 
4.30 
4.70 
8.50 
9.20 
8.30 
10.40 
9.10 
4.20 
2.58 
5.58 
3.68 
7.90 
6.30 
7.86 
5.30 
7.56 
6.88 
7.66 
8.42 
8.67 
8.87 
9.98 
9.86 
8.32 

9.94 

8.86 
9.82 
8.62 
8.74 
8.60 
9.34 


1911. 
Feb. 2 


Inches. 
9 86 


31 


9 


9.80 


A.ug. 7 


16 


9.68 


14 


23 


8.66 


21 


Mar. 2 


9.42 


28 


9.. . . 


7.26 


Sept. 4 


16 


8.86 


11 


23. ... 


8.94 


15 


30 


7.68 


18 


Apr. 13.. .. 


8.64 


25 


27 


9.84 


Oct. 2 


Mav 4. .. . 


8.76 


10 


ii:.::::::::::::::::::::::: :::: 


9.60 


17 


18 


8.94 


24 


Aug. 28 


3.06 


31 


Sept. 19 


8.64 


Nov. 7 


25 


9.88 


14 


30 . . 


9.72 


21 


Oct. 6 


8.62 


28 


12 


7.94 


Dec. 5 


18 


.48 


12 


24 


.29 


19 


30 

Nov. 6 


1.91 


29 


1.48 




12 


1.22 


1911. 


19 


2.46 


Jan. 5 


24 


2.38 




30 


2.54 


12 


Dec. 5 . .... 


2.06 


16 


11 


2.28 


19 


16 


2.04 


23 


24 


2.26 


26 


30 


2.84 









Note. — Record furnished by county of Maui and published as received. Readings were discontinued 
during the period from May 18 to Aug. 28, 1911. It is not known positively whether these data represent 
all the readings made by the observer. 

Rainfall at Hana {station No. 27), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 145 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 

13.21 
4.39 
4.78 
4.39 
4.60 
5.14 
3.36 

14.35 



1911 



Inches. 
9.84 
9.66 
6.05 
• 5.50 
6.50 
4.18 
2.58 
5.96 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
3.89 
3.80 
3.21 

31.82 



96.94 
.265 



Inches. 
10.56 
3.02 
3.12 
4.05 



71.02 
.195 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Nahiku {station No. 28), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May..... 

June 

July 

August. . 



Inches. 

20.23 

9.79 

9.18 

11.30 

11.53 

12.92 

9.70 

21.06 



Inches. 
16.44 
18.16 

6.59 
10.04 
19.49 
12.87 

8.51 
19.23 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
14.46 
13.28 
19.54 
18.11 
10.81 
10.59 
13.18 
18.33 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual.. . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 

7.14 

8.37 

10.48 

43.35 



175.05 
.480 



1911 



Inches. 

30.50 

12.25 

11.58 

8.89 



174. 55 
.478 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
13.39 
12.31 
16.93 
17.38 



178. 31 
.488 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON" MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



455 



Rainfall at Kopiliula (station No. 29), Koolau ditch region, Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,220 feet.] 



Moath. 



January... 
February . 
March. . ." . , 

April 

May 

Juifle 

July 

August 



Inches. 
33.08 
14.03 
17.94 
16.38 
20.80 
23. 51 
17.16 
27.54 



Inches. 
27.73 
26. 73 
4.35 
19.13 
22.52 
22.06 
14.08 
24.27 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 


Inches. 


lu. 69 


39.70 


11.61 


10.85 


16.98 


20.11 


53.68 


14.08 


263. 40 


245.61 


.722 


.673 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Keanae (station No. 30), Koolau ditch region, Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February , 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
29.03 
17.36 
22.53 
18.37 
22.33 
29.28 
21.64 
30.17 



1911 



Inches. 
27.40 
37.84 
4.67 
21.45 
24.53 
26.75 
15.31 
24.94 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



1911 



Inches. 


iTiches. 


13.05 


43.91 


13.48 


9.77 


20.30 


22.55 


59.59 


15.98 


297. 12 


274. 74 


.814 


.752 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kupau camp (station No. 31), near Keanae, Maui, 1911. 
[Elevation, 300 feet.] 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Aug. 31a 


30 
30 
31 


29.30 
30.42 
22.70 


0.98 


Sept. 30 


1.01 


Oct. 31 


.73 






Aug. 1 to Oct. 31 


91 


82.42 


.91 







a Gage installed Aug. 1, 1911. 
Note. — Gage of U. S. Weather Bureau type was read daily. 

Rainfall at Honomanu (station No. 32), Spreckels ditch region, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,800 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February . 

March 

April , 



June . . . 
July.... 
August. 



1910 



Inches. 
27.82 
21.27 
24.08 
18.66 
22.29 
29.01 
21.85 
28.01 



Inches. 
26.73 
39.35 
7.08 
25.94 
28.63 
28.47 
15.67 
24.32 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Annual . . . . 
Mean daily. 



Inches. 


Inches. 


13.61 


41.86 


13.37 


9.55 


20.44 


21.85 


60.50 


15.66 


300. 91 


285.11 


.822 


.781 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



456 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Waikamoi mauka {station No. 3S), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 4,250 feet.) 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 


Inches. 
43.92 
76.15 
7.98 
27.80 
33.23 
23.69 
10.72 
22.30 


September 


Inches. 


Inches. 
34 70 


February 


October 


G.40 
20.10 
80.02 


13 09 




November 


28.60 


April 


December 


20.48 


Mav 


Annual . . , , 








349. 26 


Julv 


Mean daily 


a 1.33 


.96 













a For 80 days. 
Note.— Gage, of U. S. Weather Bureau type, installed Oct. 12, 1910. 

Rainfall at Waikamoi (station No. 34), Spreckels ditch region, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,250 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . . 
February . 

March 

April 



June. .. 
July.... 
August. 



1910 



Inches. 
22.30 
13.22 
18.63 
13.87 
18.79 
24.86 
16.33 
25.43 



1911 



Inches. 
24. 97 
30.70 
6.69 
16.90 
23.01 
22.48 
12.74 
22.88 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



Inches. 

9.10 

10.84 

10.94 

49. 66 



239. 97 

.058 



1911 



Inches. 
41.48 
11.20 
18.01 
14.58 



245. 64 
.673 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Punaluu {station No. 35), Center ditch region, Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 710 feet.] 



Month. 



January.., 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 



Inches. 
17.02 

7.32 
10.86 

7.57 

8.90 
11.06 

9.10 
18.58 



Inches. 
15.51 
13. 24 
4.50 
9.77 



12.46 
6.36 
16.52 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Inches. 

4.77 

7.22 

8.45 

27.88 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



138. 73 
.380 



1911 



Inches. 

31.07 

8.00 

10.71 



a. 423 



a For 10 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kailua {station No. 36), Spreckels ditch region, Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



January.. 
Februar J' 

March 

-A^pril 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
17.57 

8.31 
12.18 

6.98 
10.74 
11,90 

8.09 
19.31 



Inches. 
16.97 
17.99 

6.44 
11.14 
14.14 
13.48 

6.57 
14.41 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



.\nnual 

Mean daily. 



1911 



Inches. 


Inches. 


6.56 


25.27 


7.22 


8.36 


9.90 


11.11 


31. 17 


10.81 


149. 99 


156.69 


.411 


.429 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL RECOEDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



457 



Rainfall at Lupi {station No. 37), Maui, 1897-1911. 
[Elevation, 1,160 feet.) 



MonCh. 


1897 


1898 


1899 


1900 


1901 


1902 


1903 


1904 


1905 




Inchen. 
6.03 
8.26 
6.18 
5.47 
3.54 
3.76 
10.44 
13.03 
5.58 
7.47 
11. 18 
13.53 


Inches. 

21.05 
8.54 

26.06 
5.92 

12.69 
5.77 
8.51 
8.89 
9.72 
9.29 
8.71 

15.54 


Inches. 

(a) 
(a) 

O) 

9.26 
13.67 
10.47 

6.69 
10.03 

3.55 
16.55 

7.61 

2.68 


Inches. 
7.14 
9.66 
5.74 
17.36 
15.48 
5.87 
15.03 
12.33 
5.87 
14.90 
12.57 
6.77 


Inches. 
10.58 
13.63 
12.94 
6.44 
1.28 
6.00 
6.57 
4.10 
6.65 
8.76 
20.30 
10.69 


Inches. 

6.40 

6.10 

52.72 

18.94 

22.58 

4.23 

8.57 

15.53 

10.23 

15.07 

17.65 

24.23 


Inches. 
17.41 
10.13 
8.21 
22.76 
4.78 
9.07 
24.71 
13.24 
16.65 
13.34 
15.92 
13.26 


Inches. 
21.90 
12. 98 
9.31 
27.08 
5.02 
6.22 
11.02 
12.23 
5.03 
8. .37 
10.07 
9.60 


Inches. 

8.22 




4. 03 




14. 33 




14.94 


May . 


17.46 




10.32 


July 


9.65 




23.15 




23.77 




14.72 




15.88 




11.43 








94.47 
.26 


140. 69 
.39 


"'b".29 


128.72 
.35 


106.94 
.29 


202. 25 
.55 


169. 48 
.46 


138.83 
.38 


167. SO 




.46 






Month. 


1906 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Aver- 
age, 14 
years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 




Inches. 

10.30 

3.56 

12.48 

13.26 

9.44 

6.65 

10.47 

22. 08 

10.89 

10. 64 

12.13 

26.21 


Inches. 

5.09 
13.82 
13.56 
14.35 

3.62 
10.70 
13.40 
32.54 
14.97 
13.59 
15.96 

4.26 


Inches. 
5.78 
17.08 
4.76 
13.30 
8.17 
9.99 
13.36 
16.98 
13.46 
8.31 
9.26 
16.55 


Inches. 

5.22 
11.27 
33.20 
13.53 
14.16 
12.14 
21.32 

6.56 
10.99 

9.53 

8.07 
15.43 


Inches. 
19.30 
8.22 
14.51 
10.29 
13.20 
18.20 
12.40 
21.45 
7.83 
7.81 
13.84 
33.14 


Inches. 
18.70 
27.38 

9.42 
11.93 
12.36 
18.70 

8.55 
16.51 
28.70 

7.40 
15.35 
13.94 


Inches. 
11.65 
11.05 
15.96 
13. 66 
10.49 
9.21 
12.05 
15. 24 
11.53 
11.06 
12.97 
14.49 


Inches. 
21.90 
27.38 
62.72 
27.08 
22.58 
18.70 
24.71 
32.54 
28.70 
16.55 
20.30 
33.14 


Inches. 
5.09 




3.56 




4.76 




5.47 




1.28 




3.76 


July 


6.57 




4.10 




3.55 




7.40 




7.61 




2. 68 








148. 11 
.41 


155.86 
.43 


137.00 
.37 


161.42 

.44 


180. 19 
.49 


188.94 
.52 


151.49 
.415 


202. 25 
.55 


94.47 




.26 







a Record missing. b For 9 months. 

Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by S. E. Hubbard. 

Rainfall at Ukulele {station No. 38), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 5,300 feet.] 



Month. 



January . , 
February, 

March 

April 

May , 

June 

July 

August . . . 



Inches. 

17.96 
7.80 
9.22 

11.90 
8.75 
5.20 
3. .35 
7.80 



Inches. 
7.90 
31.40 
6.81 
9.65 
10.10 
2.70 
1.15 
5.05 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
3.92 
5.78 
4.30 
18.72 



104. 70 

.287 



1911 



Inches. 

12.05 

.95 

7.45 

11.00 



106.21 
.291 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



458 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII, 



Ruinfall at Olinda {station No. 39) , Maui, 1910-11. 
(Elevation, 4,000 feet.) 



Month. 



January.. 
February. 

March 

.\pril 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



Inches. 



Inches. 
8.76 
21.36 
10.32 
5.71 
6.82 
1.63 
(a) 
3.09 



September. 
October. . . 
November. 
December . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



Inches. 

1.67 

2.21 

3.52 

14.71 



6.23 



a Record mis'^ing. b For 96 days. c For 10 months. 

Note. — Gage, of U. S. Weather Bureau type, was installed Sept. 26, 1910. 

Rainfall at Haledkala ranch {station No. 40), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,000 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
10.18 
3.22 

. 1.50 
6.27 
3.93 
2.28 
2.07 
2.50 



Inches. 

5.49 

10.69 

5.21 

1.98 

2.03 

.37 

.00 

.50 



Average, 
20 years. 



Inches. 
6.32 
6.84 
7.45 
3.29 
1.65 
.96 
1.27 
2.76 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December. 

Annual 

Mean daily 



2.02 

.66 

2.17 

9.75 



46.55 
.128 



1911 



Inches. 

2.72 
.14 
.85 

3.60 



33.58 
.092 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Makawao {station No. 41), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,700 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


January 


Inches. 
32.02 
10.33 
6.12 
6.93 
4.75 
3.57 
3.66 
3.54 


Inches. 
5.34 
15.09 
5.02 
3.48 
4.14 
1.65 
.22 
1.55 


September 


Imhes. 
2.56 
2.93 
4.22 
10.61 


Inches. 
4.42 




October 


.53 




November 


3.50 




December 


4.85 




Aimual 






91.24 
.250 


49.79 


July 


Mean dailv 


.136 


August 











Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Puuomalei {station No. 42), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,430 feet.] 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

Jime 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
13. 71 
5.71 
8.28 
9.21 
6.79 
5.88 
5.28 
5.90 



Inches. 
7.14 
18.42 
4.00 
6.39 
5.00 
5.02 
2.12 
4^02 



.'Average, 
17 years. 



Inches. 
6.75 
7.34 
10.46 

6.82 
4.21 
3.04 
3.78 
5.31 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 
4.04 
5.36 
5.43 
16.53 



92.12 
.252 



Inches. 
11.38 
2.67 
5.83 
7.01 



79.60 
.218 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



459 



Rainfall at Haiku {station No. 4S), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
13.87 
3.33 
9.11 
5.48 
7.24 
7.40 
4.83 
9.11 



Inches. 
8.84 
11.84 
4.41 
5.16 
4.92 
7.45 
3.79 
4.93 



Average, 
15 years. 



Inches. 
6.32 
6.34 
9.68 
6.32 
4.59 
4.12 
5.33 
6.06 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

2.32 

4.85 

7.61 

16.08 



91.23 
.250 



Inches. 
10.24 
2.41 
6. 98 
6.76 



77.73 
.213 



Average, 
15 years. 



Inches. 
4.67 
5.56 
6.67 
7.64 



73.30 
.198 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Spreckelsville (station No. 44), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 50 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
Febniary 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 
6.77 



1.19 
1.35 



.56 
.23 
.74 



1911 



Inches. 

2.36 

2.49 

3.10 

.■87 

1.46 

.37 

.31 

.34 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean dailv 



Inches. 
0.40 



1.05 
6.61 



21.46 
.058 



Inches. 

1.10 
.28 
.00 

2.35 



15.03 
.041 



Note. — Gage read daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. 

Rainfall at Puunene (station No. 45), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 73 feet.] 



January. . 
February . 

March 

April , 

May 

June 

July 

August 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.23 


4.03 




88 


4.40 




81 


3.21 




77 


.66 




45 


3.25 




68 


.32 




06 


.24 




38 


.18 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 

3.15 

4.01 

3.33 

1.55 

.64 

.27 

.36 

.70 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



Inches. 

0.11 

.74 

1.03 

9.44 



21.58 
.059 



Inches. 

1.68 

.30 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
0.68 
.95 



<"■ For 10 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall atcamp No. 7, Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. (station No. 46), Maui, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 90 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 
3.89 
.56 
.15 
.03 
.03 
.08 
.00 
.10 



1911 



Inches. 

3.97 

3.00 

4.35 

.51 

.78 

.00 

.00 

.00 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

0.00 
.18 
.62 

5.64 



11.28 
. .031 



1911 



Inches. 

0.40 

.00 

.00 

.00 



13.01 
.036 



Note.— Gage read daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co. 



460 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAH. 



Rainfall at Kihei {station No. 47), Maui, 1910. 
[Elevation, 55 feet.) 
Inches. 



January 5. 53 

February 79 

March 15 

April 09 

May 09 



June 

September. 
October 



Inches. 

0.24 

.09 

.00 



Mean daily ^ . 029 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kula {Erehwon, station No. 48), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 4,200 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . . 
February . 

March 

April. .1.. 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.90 


6.02 


2.40 


3.35 


1.03 


7.92 


.10 


3.72 


2.08 


5.28 


2.04 


.00 


4.10 


.31 


2.22 


2.25 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
4.75 
6.04 
4.85 
1.73 
2.79 
1.88 
1.69 
3.50 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November . 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 

4.61 

2.36 

.50 

3.84 



30.30 

.083 



Inches. 

3.21 

2.08 

.38 

.50 



35.02 

.096 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
2.90 
1.95 
2.46 
3.36 



37.90 
.104 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waiopae ranch (station No. 49), Maui, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,740 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.84 


6.72 


.00 


7.27 


.00 


2.68 


1.35 


1.40 


.00 


.00 


.00 


.00 


.00 


.00 


1.81 


.00 



Average 
14 years. 



Inches. 

2.81 

5.10 

4.12 

1.62 

.86 

.18 

.33 



Month. 



September . 

I October 

November . 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 

0.00 
.00 
.00 

6.26 



15.26 
.042 



Inches. 

0.00 

2.09 

.00 



20.16 
.055 



Average 
14 years. 



Inches. 
0.45 
1.12 
2.43 
3.05 



22.93 
.063 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Camp (station No. 50), Kahoolawe, 1904-5, and 1911. 
[Elevation, 80 feet.] 



Month. 


1904 


1905 


1911 


Month. 


1904 


1905 


1911 




Inches. 


Inches. 

0.43 

.77 

.54 

2.31 

.53 

1.00 

1.54 

2.34 


Inches. 




Inches. 


Inches. 
0.40 


Inches. 
o 0. 44 








October 


6 2.32 
2.40 
1.47 


c 32 


March 






November 




td) 








December 




W 








Annual 
















July 






Mean daily... 


«.073 


/.036 


9.058 


August . . . . 

















a Sept. 25-30. 

b Oct. 8-31. 

c Oct. 1-7. 

d No observations made, but rainfall reported as zero. 

Note.— Records furnished by Eben P. Low. 



e For 85 days. 
/ For 9 months. 
g For 13 days. 



1 For eight months. 



EAINFALL RECORDS ON MAUI AND KAHOOLAWE. 



461 



Rainfall at Reservoir (station No. 51), Kahoolawe, 1911. 
[Elevation, 500 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Period 

(days). 



Recorded rainfall. 



Inches. 



Inches 
per day. 



Sept. 30 o 

Oct. 7 

Sept. 30 to Oct. 7 



0.69 
.36 



0.115 
.071 



.081 



a Gage installed Sept. 25. 
Note. — No observations made from Oct. 7 to Dec. 31, but the rainfall was reported as zero. 

Rainfall at Moaula {station No. 52), Kahoolawe, 1911. 
[Elevation, 1,100 feet.] 



Date of ob.'ervation. 



Period 

(days). 



R ecorded rainfall. 



Inches. 



Inches 
per day. 



Sept. 30ffl 

Oct. 7 

Sept. 30 to Oct. 7 



1.13 

.37 



0.188 
.053 



a Oa?e installed Sept. 25. 
Note. — No observations made from Oct. 7 to Dec. 31, but the rainfall was reported as 7.ero. 

Rainfall at Kealia {station No. 53), Kahoolawe, 1911. 
[Elevation, 600 feet.] 

Gage installed October 20, 1911. No observations made from the time gage was 
installed to December 31, but the rainfall was reported as zero. 

Alphabetic list of rainfall stations on islands of Maui and Kahoolawe. 



Name. 



No. 


Elevar 
tion. 




Feet. 


46 


90 


43 


700 


40 


2,000 


27 


145 


18 


1,500 


19 


1,200 


25 


806 1 


23 


760 


24 


25 


32 


1,800 


4 


1,720 


6 


830 


5 


1,500 


20 


12 


16 


2,000 


50 


80 


53 


600 


52 


1,100 


51 


500 


10 


8 


36 


700 


30 


1,000 


47 


55 


29 


1,220 


48 


4,200 


31 


300 



Name. 



No 



Eleva- 
tion. 



Camp No. 7 (Hawaiian Commercial 

& Sugar Co.) 

Haiku 

Haleal^ala ranch 

Hana 

Honokawai Gulch 

Honokawai power house 

Honokahau ditch intake 

Honokahua Gulch 

Honolua 

Honomanu 

lao Valley, cave 

lao Valley, gaging station 

lao VaUey, tableland 

Kaanapali 

Kahoma reservoir 

Kahoolawe, Camp 

Kahoolawe, Kealia 

Kahoolawe, Moaula 

Kahoolawe, Reservoir 

Kahului 

KaUua ; 

Keanae 

Kihei 

Kopiliula 

Kula (Erehwon) 

Knpau camp 



Lupi 

Mahana 

Makawao 

Mokupea 

Nahiku 

Olinda 

Olo walu 

Olowalu mauka 

Punaluu 

Puu Kukui 

Puu Kukui slope 

Puunene 

Puuomalei 

Spreckeisville 

Ukulele 

Waiehu 

Waihee 

Waihee tunnels 

Waihoi 

Waikamoi 

Waikamoi mauka 

Walkapu 

Waikapu tunnel 

Waiopae ranch 

Wailuku mill '. 

Wailuku mission 

Wailuku (Penh alio w's residence) 



Feet. 

1,160 

1,800 

1,700 

1,000 

700 

4,000 

10 

700 

710 

5,000 

2,500 

73 

1,430 

50 

5,300 

375 

100 

1,550 

2,200 

1,250 

4,250 

600 

1,535 

1,740 

180 

250 

390 



462 



WATEE RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



RAINFALL BECOB.DS ON ISLAND OF HAWAII. 



During 1911 investigations were made regarding the amount of 
precipitation on the windward side of Hawaii in the region supplying 
the Hilo group of streams, and a series of special rain gages were 
established from sea level up to elevation of 5,000 feet. While the 
period included between the date of establishing the stations and the 
end of December, 1911, was too short to admit of definite conclusions 
in regard to amount, it was shown that the heaviest rainfall in this 
region occurs between elevations of 2,000 and 2,500 feet. Additional 
records obtained in 1912 verify this conclusion and point to 2,200 
feet as being the elevation of maximum precipitation.^ 

Records were obtained at stations of high elevation on the northern 
slope of Mauna Kea and at a number of places around the island near 
the sea. In all 74 stations were maintained, 38 of which were above 
1,000 feet, 13 above 3,000 feet, and 6 above 5,000 feet in elevation. 
The location of the stations is shown on Plate XV (at end of volume) . 

In the accompanying tables acknowledgment is made to the United 
States Weather Bureau for the use of data, and to cooperating parties 
and observers. 

Rainfall stations on island of Hawaii. 



I. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22, 
23. 



Humuula 

PuuOo 

Piihonua mauka 

Piihonua 

Ponahawai 

Hilo 

Waiakea mill 

Hilo Breakwater 

Mauna Kea, east slope 
do 



do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

do 

Papaikou 

Pepeekeo , 

Hakalau mauka. 

Hakalau 

Honohiua 



Elevation 
(feet). 

6,685 

6,450 

1,900 

1,000 

500 

100 

50 

15 

5,000 

4,500 

4,000 

3,500 

3,000 

2,500 

2,000 

1,500 

1, 000 

500 

250 

100 

1,200 

200 

300 



24. Waikaumalo 

25. Keanakolu 

26. Papaaloa , 

27. Laupahoehoe 

28. Ookala 

29. Puu Kilie , 

30. Hapea mauka 

31. Hapea, lower , 

32. Umikoa ranch , 

33 . Coffee plantation 

34. Kukaiau office 

Kukaiau mill 

Paauilo mauka 

Paauilo 

Kalopa 

Paauhau 

Honokaa mauka 

41. Honokaa 

42. Kukuihaele (Hawaiian 

Irrigation Co. weir) 

Kukuihaele 

Kawainui mauka 

Kawainui, lower 



35. 
36. 
37. 
38. 
39. 
40. 



43. 

44. 
45. 



Elevation 
(feet). 

275 

5, 500 

260 

100 

400 

7,850 

5,000 

3,400 

1,600 

800 

250 

300 

30 

900 

1,150 

1,100 

470 

930 

700 

4,080 

1,040 



I These are elevations as obtained by aneroid. Accurate determinations made later by topographers 
of the United States Geological Survey show the correct elevations of the special rain gages to be from 200 
to 250 feet greater than were indicated by aneroid. The correct elevation of rainfall station No. 14 at the 
Geological Survey camp is 2,750 feet. 



EAINFALL RECORDS ON HAWAII, 



463 



Rainfall stations on island of Hawaii — Continued. 



Elevation 
(feet). 

46. Alakahi 1, 030 

47. Koiawe 1,000 

48. Waimea 2,720 

49. Awini 2,100 

50. Honokane 1,042 

51. Niulii 200 

52. Kohala (Maulili) 960 

53. Kohala mission 520 

54. Kohala mill.. 270 

55. Hawi mill 600 

56. Paukea ranch 600 

57. Puuwaawaa 2,740 

58. Huehue 2,000 

59. Holualoa 1, 350 

60. Kealakekua 1,580 



Elevation 
(feet). 

61. Napoopoo 25 

62. Hoopuloa 2,425 

63. Kail 1,850 

64. Naalehui 650 

65. Hilea. 310 

66. Pahala 850 

67. Kapapala ranch 2, 150 

68. Volcano House 3,970 

69. Mountain View 1, 530 

70. Kurtistown 640 

71. Olaamill 210 

72. Pahoa 700 

73. Kaueleau 1,000 

74. Kapoho 110 



Rainfall at Humuula {station No. 1), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 6,685 feet.] 



Month. 



Januarj'.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1.53 


6.27 


.67 


9.35 


1.56 


3.67 


.77 


3.11 


1.25 


2.55 


.93 


.79 


1.32 


.94 


3.41 


3.67 



September . 
October . . . 
November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1911 



Inches. 


Inches. 


0.62 


1.16 


1.29 


.30 


1.43 


2.58 


.89 


2.76 


15. 67 


37.15 


.043 


.102 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Puu Oo (station No. 2), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 6,450 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February. 

March 

April 

May.. I. ... 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 



3.01 
4.07 
4.11 
6.73 
16.81 



Inches. 
9.33 

29.61 
7.69 
9.85 
8.94 
4.77 
2. .34 

12.50 



Month. 



1910 



September . 

October 

November. 
December.. 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



Inches. 


Inches. 


3.08 


8.61 


5.66 


2.87 


5.02 


8.70 


3.99 


9.39 



a For 9 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



1 Evaporation station. 



464 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 



Rainfall at Piihonvxi mauka (station No. 3), Wailuku River drainage basin, Hawaii, 1911. 

[Elevation, 1,900 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

Sept. 16a 

Oct. 16 , 

31 , 

Nov. 15 





Recorded rain- 




fall. 


Period 

(days). 






j 




Inches. 


Inches I 
per day. 


15 


15.8 


1.05 


30 


23.5 


.78 


15 


17.0 


1.13 


15 


9.4 


.63 



Date of observation. 



Nov. 30. 
Dec. 31.. 



Sept. 1 to Dec. 31 



Period 

(days). 



121 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



19.2 

27.8 



Inches, 
per day. 



a Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter; installed 
Sept. 1, 1911. 

Rainfall at Piihonua (station No. 4), Wailuku River drainage basin, Hawaii, 1906-1911. 

[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Month. 


1906 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Aver- 
age 
6 years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 




Inches. 

4.08 

2.81 

1.52 

13.32 

14.15 

7.24 

12.90 

25.32 

6.94 

5.15 

20.83 

15.57 


Inches. 

8.16 
14.25 
18.31 

8.19 

8.70 
11.38 
14.37 
49.91 
27.22 
19.12 
13.90 

6.20 


Inches. 
11.53 
24.70 

7.04 
20.87 
14.28 

8.86 
10.10 
13.64 
23.48 
15.72 

7.77 
25.32 


Inches. 

7.30 

11.73 

37.01 

5.79 
16.64 

7.35 
18.51 

5.96 
11.29 

8.81 

4.80 
21.26 


Inches. 
22.99 

4.84 
21.97 
16.79 
17.76 
21.96 
14.95 
21.95 

4.94 
10.46 
15.46 
19.41 


Inches. 
16.05 
32.96 
14.85 
25.25 
20.70 
17.41 
9.62 
15.54 
22.18 
11.37 
16.64 
19.07 


Inches. 

11.68 
15.22 
16.78 
15.04 
15. 37 
12.37 
13.41 
22.05 
16.01 
11.77 
13.23 
17.80 


Inches. 
22.99 
32.96 
37.01 
25.25 
20.70 
21.96 
18.51 
49.91 
27.22 
19.12 
20.83 
25.32 


Inches. 
4.08 




2.81 




1.52 




5.79 




8.70 




7.24 


July 


9.62 




5.96 




4.94 


October 


5.15 




4.80 




6.20 






Annual 


129. 83 
.36 


199. 71 
.55 


183.31 
.50 


156. 45 
.43 


193.48 
.53 


221. 64 
.61 


180. 73 
.495 


221.64 
.61 


129. S3 


Mean daily 


.36 







Note. — Readings made daily. 

Records furnished by James Henderson. 



Rainfall at Ponahawai (station No. 5), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 500 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
20.93 
3.83 
23.33 
16.15 
16.80 
19.16 
12.69 
22.18 



Inches. 
14.79 
26.84 
11.98 
21.57 
18.76 
16.27 
7.85 
13.50 



Month. 



September , 

October , 

November. ,. 

December , 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
7.22 
8.66 
14.41 
19.58 



184.94 
.507 



Inches. 
18.71 
10.11 
17.20 
19.11 



196. 69 
.539 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL RECORDS ON HAWAII. 



465 



Rainfall at Hilo {station No. 6), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Klevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February. 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 



1910 



Inches. 
15.89 
2.87 
17. 73 
10.40 
13.02 
12.21 
10. 4-t 
18.18 



Inches. 
15.79 
18.73 
13.86 
18.20 
15.56 
11.29 
6.03 
10.19 



Average, 
25 years. 



Inches. 
9.39 
11.77 
16.02 
13.67 
9.60 
7.10 
10.46 
12.56 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 
3.96 
2.64 



132.64 
.364 



1911 



Inches. 

22.97 

7.34 

13.42 

15.01 



168.39 
.461 



25 years. 



Inches. 
10.66 
10.97 
13.09 
11.24 



136. 53 
.374 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Waiakea mill {station No. 7), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 50 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February. 

March 

April , 

May 

June , 

July 

August 



1910 



Inches. 
16.10 
2.48 
13.17 
9.35 
12.20 
11.55 
10.43 
16.11 



1911 



Inches. 
15.76 
15.61 
12.13 
15.23 
15.04 
10.46 
5.13 
8.11 



21 years. 



Inches. 
9.68 
9.57 
15.60 
12.34 
9.30 
6.46 
9.29 
12. 56 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Aiuiual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 

5.25 

7.96 

10.87 

14.12 



129.59 
.355 



1911 



Inches. 

14.47 

7.43 

12.88 

14.38 



146 63 
.402 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
10.62 
11.27 
12.22 
10.39 



129. 30 
.354 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Hilo breakwater {station No. 8), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 15 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Aug. 15 a. 

23. 
Sept. 1. 

19. 

28. 
Oct. 10. 

13. 

20. 
Nov. 20. 



1911. 



Period 

(days). 



26 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



Inches 
per day. 



0.07 
.39 
.24 
.22 

1.04 
.70 
.07 
.14 
.26 



Date of observation. 



Dec. 11. 
20. 



Jan. 



July 20, 1911, to 
Jan. 2, 1912 6 



Period 

(days). 



13 
166 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



8.4 
7.6 



3.4 



Inches 
per day. 



.34 



a Special gage, 50-uich capacity; receiver, 5.94 inches diameter; container, 8.40 inches diameter. Installed 
July 20, 1911. 

6 "United States Engineer Department gage, at same location, but read daily for same period, gave 58.76 
inches, or 0.35 inch per day. Total for calendar year recorded by Engineer Department gage was 147.12 
inches. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. ,9), Hawaii. 
[Elevation, 5,000 feet.) 

Special gage, capacity 125 inches; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 18.28 
inches diameter, was installed December 31, 1911. Records obtained early in 1912 
indicate that the precipitation at this station is less than that at station No. 10. 
74323°— wsp 318—13 30 



466 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 10), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 4,500 feet.] 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Nov 3 to Dec. 31 ■- 


58 


41.0 


71 







Note. — Special gage, capacity 125 inches; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 13.28 inches diame- 
ter, installed Nov. 3, 1911. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 11), Eaioaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 4,000 feet.] 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 




58 


39.0 


67 







Note. — Special gage, capacity 125 inches; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 13.28 inches diameter, 
installed Nov. 3, 1911. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 12), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 3,500 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rainfall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per day. 


Nov. 4 to Dec. 31 


57 


42.5 


0.75 







Note.— Special gage, capacity 125 inches; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 13.28 inches diameter, 
installed Nov. 4, 1911. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 13), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 3,000 feet.) 



Date of observation. 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rainfall. 



Inches. 



Inches 
per day. 



Aug. 30 a. 
Nov. 2 6.. 
Dec. 31... 



32.5 
47.5 
57.5 



.74 
.98 



July 7 to Dec. 31. 



177 



a Special gage, capacity 125 inches: receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 13.28 inches diameter, in- 
stalled July 7, 1911, at 2,S00 feet elevation. 
b Gage moved to 3,000 feet elevation. 



BAINFALL RECORDS ON HAW AH. 



467 



Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea (station No. 14), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 2,500 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded raln- 
faU. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day.. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


1911. 


1 
25 
34 

8 
24 
32 
30 


0.8 
17.4 
19.0 
12.4 
30.8 
20.0 
33.4 


0.80 
.70 
.56 

1.55 

1.28 
.62 

1.11 


1912. 
Jan. 1 


31 


35.6 


1.15 


July 2fi 


June 30, 1911, to 
Jan. 1, 1912 




Aug. 29 & 


185 


169.4 




Sept. Ij 

Sept. 30 


.92 


Nov. 1 




Dec. 1 




1 





a Special gage, 50-mch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, installed 
June 30, 1911, at 2,350 feet elevation. 
6 Gage moved to 2,500 feet elevation. 

Note. — A standard United States Weather Bureau tjj)e of gage was established Sept. 6 by the side 
Of the special gage, the receivers of the two gages being at the same level. This gage was read daily so far 
as possible. (See p. 349 for daily readings.) The totals for the periods included between readings of the 
special gage were as follows: For 24 days ending Sept. 30, 30.40 inches; for 32 days ending Nov. 1, 19.61 
inches; for 30 days ending Dec. 1,32.89 inches; for 31 days ending Jan. 1, 1912, 31.20 inches. Same error evi- 
dently occurred in reading the daily gage during December, due to inexperience of observers. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 15), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 2,000 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

Jime29 

Julyl 

July 26 

Aug. 29 

Sept. 30 

Nov.l 

Dec. 1 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



32.4 
1.8 
18.4 
19.6 
47.0 
23.0 
28.4 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.90 
.90 

.74 
.58 
1.47 
.72 
.95 



Date of observation. 



Jan. 1. 



1912. 



May 24, 1911, to 
Jan. 1 1912 



Period 

(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



31.0 



201.6 



Inches 
per 



.91 



Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, 
installed May 24, 1911. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 16), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 1,500 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



1911. 

Jime23 

July 2(i 

Aug. 28 , 

Sept. 30 

Nov. 1 , 

Dec 1 





Recorded rain- 




fall. 


Period 








(days). 




Inches 




Inches. 


per 
day. 


31 


26.8 


0.86 


33 


21.2 


.64 


33 


16.4 


.50 


33 


39.0 


1.18 


32 


19.7 


.62 


30 


24.0 


.80 



Date of observation. 



Jan. 1. 



1912. 



May 23 1911, 
Jan. 1. 1912.. 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



19.6 



Inches 
per 
day. 



.75 



Note. — Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, 
tostaUed May 23, 1911. 



468 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAH. 



Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea (station No. 17), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



July 26. . 
Aug. 31. 
Sept. 30. 
Nov. 1.. 
Dec. 1... 



Period 
(days). 



Recorded rain- 
faU. 



Inches. 



17.4 
16.2 
24.2 
13.3 
17.8 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.47 
.45 
.81 
.42 
.59 



Date of observation. 



Jan. 1. 



1912. 



June 19, 1911, to 
Jan. 1 1912 



Period 

(days). 



31 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



15.6 



104.5 



Inches 
per 
day. 



.50 



.53 



Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, 
installed June 19, 1911. 

Rainfall on east slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 18), Hawaii, 1911. 
[Elevation, 500 feet.] 





Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


1911. 
Aug. 31 


41 
30 
32 
30 


11.8 
18.8 
9.9 
14.0 


0.29 
.63 
.31 
.47 


1912. 
Jan. 1 . . 


31 


14.6 


0.47 


Sept 30 


July 21, 1911, to Jan. 
1,1912 




Nov. 1 


164 


69.1 




Dec. 1 


.42 









Note.— Special gage, 50-inch capacity; receiver 5.94 inches diameter, container 8.40 inches diameter, 
instaUed July 21, 1911. 

Rainfall at Papaikou (station No. 19), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . , 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


26.87 


22.09 


4.62 


18.18 


21.44 


13.30 


14.15 


20.83 


17.56 


19.33 


14.74 


14.99 


14.47 


13.64 


18.85 


11.04 



Average 
13 years. 



Inches. 
11.49 
11.19 
20.25 
15.87 
13.86 
9.16 
13.98 
17.51 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November . 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daUy.. 



1910 



Inches. 
7.47 
9.79 
15.51 
18.03 



183. 50 
.503 



1911 



Inches. 
21.41 
10.55 
19.57 
18.05 



202. 98 
.553 



Average 
13 years. 



Inches. 
15.29 
13.90 
18.70 
14.29 



175. 49 
.481 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL KECOEDS ON HAW AH. 



469 



Rainfall at Pejpeeheo {station No. 20), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Indies. 
19.78 

4.87 
13.91 

6.55 

9.29 
11.10 

7.67 
13.59 



Inches. 
15.34 
12.52 
11.81 
12.06 
16.35 
10.71 
8.35 
7.33 



Average 
22 vears. 



Inches. 

10.93 
9.33 

16.50 

10.29 
8.59 
6.34 
9.80 

12.09 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean dally. 



Inches. 
4.45 
7.83 
10.46 
17.01 



126.51 
.344 



Inches. 
14.90 
8.63 
12.13 
9.60 



139. 73 
.383 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
10.82 
10.34 
11.79 
11.50 



128. 32 
.352 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Halalau mauka {station No. 21), Hakalau Stream drainage basin, Hawaii, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,200 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 
33.27 
9.11 
30.29 
26.03 
26.60 
29.87 
23.55 
32.13 



Inches. 
35.56 
51.30 
19.83 
33.74 
29.15 
32.74 
21.02 
32.85 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
9.82 
16.71 
23.63 
38.02 



299. 03 
.820 



Inches. 
35.12 
15.05 
29.44 
23.88 



359. 68 
.985 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Hakalau {station No. 22), Hakalau Stream drainage basin, Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


17.53 


18.94 


5.57 


23.13 


16.36 


11.09 


9.79 


16.84 


9.35 


15.24 


12.72 


15.12 


10.99 


10.50 


14.83 


12.84 



Average 
20 years. 



Inches. 
10.54 
10.14 
16.78 
12.20 
9.46 
6.66 
9.71 
13.04 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
7.68 
5.34 
9.41 
19.75 



139. 32 

.382 



Inches. 
19.93 
14.16 
14.20 
12.40 



184.39 
.505 



Average 
20 years. 



Inches. 

11.87 
10.09 
13.66 
10.77 



134. 92 
.370 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Honohina {station No. 23), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 300 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


16.35 


19.43 


5.78 


21.99 


19.32 


11.07 


7.63 


15.75 


12.49 


18.34 


13.30 


14.09 


10.68 


10.55 


16.15 


11.23 



Average, 
18 years. 



Inches, 

11.58 
9.99 
20.37 
13.45 
10.88 
7.04 
9.79 
13.84 



Month. 



September 

October , 

November 

December 

Aimual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 

6.51 

7.31 

12.49 

23.48 



151. 49 
.415 



Inches. 
19.18 

9.54 
11.56 

9.83 



172. 56 
.473 



Average, 
18 years. 



Inches. 
12.57 
11.08 
15.38 
11.32 



147. 29 
.404 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



470 



WATER KESOTJRCES OP HA WAIL 



Rainfall at Waikaumalo {station No. 24), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 275 feet.) 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 



Inches. 
16. G8 
7.05 
18.33 
10.96 
15.01 
14.62 
11.67 
17.87 



1911 



Inches. 
22.61 
26.48 
10.56 
21.65 
20.00 
15.38 
12.56 
12.18 



Month. 



September , 

October 

November 

December 

Aimual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
4.78 
8.69 
13.11 
28.22 



166.99 
. .458 



Note.— Compiled from U. S Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Keanakolu {station No. 25), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 5,500 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



Inches. 
14.19 
2.10 
7.74 
8.55 
5.68 
3.88 
2.18 
3.98 



Inches. 
13.41 
51.86 
4.38 
13.67 
7.91 
3.60 
2.89 
6.39 



Month. 



September , 

October , 

November 

December , 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

1.75 

6.22 

6.10 

10.42 



72.79 
.195 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Papaaloa {station No. 26), Hawaii, 1910-11, 
[Elevation, 260 feet.) 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 
15.51 

6.50 
12.19 

9.18 
10.40 
12.71 

9.08 
14.81 


Inches. 
16.94 
18.53 

7.37 
16.06 
11.47 
11.51 
10.69 

9.63 


September 


Inches. 

7.11 

6.78 

11.15 

25.-48 


Inches. 
17.61 


February 


October 


4.86 




November 


13.93 


April 


December 


10.77 




Annnal , 






140.90 
.386 


149. 37 


July 


Mftfl.Ti daily 


.409 


August 











Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Laupahoehoe {station No. 27), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

Miiy 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


16.75 


15.60 


6.01 


21.99 


15.15 


6.74 


8.03 


20.85 


10.88 


14.83 


15.19 


19.70 


9.84 


9.64 


7.34 


9.47 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
11.00 
10.46 
21.66 
17.32 
9.46 
7.16 
12.21 
13.04 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
4.31 
9.84 
9.92 
22.54 



135.80 
.372 



1911 



Inches. 

18.54 
5.11 
11.40 
13.92 



167. 79 
.460 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL RECOEDS ON HAWAII. 



471 



Rainfall at Ookala (station No. 28), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 400 feet.] 



Month. 



Average, 
21 years. 



Month. 



Average , 
21 years. 



January. . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
16.82 
(1.70 
10.80 

7. (j(j 
11.47 
10.90 

8. .55 
12.95 



Inches. 
13.24 
23.50 
9.36 
16.88 
11.07 
11.20 
8.26 
7.99 



Inches. 
9. 75 
8.41 
17.22 
11.72 
7.00 
4.86 
8.01 
9.53 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



Inches. 

2.07 

9.32 

12.48 

25.30 



Inches. 
14.18 

3.90 
10.53 

8.01 



135. 02 
.370 



138. 12 
.378 



Inches. 
6.20 
8.30 
11.20 
11.83 



114.09 
.313 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



Rainfall at Puu Kihe (station No. 29), on northern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, 1903-11. 

[Elevation, 7,850 feet.) 



Date of observation. 



Mar. 1 . . 
June 10 . 
July 31. . 
Aue. 6.. 
Oct. 24.. 
Nov. 19. 



1903. 



Mar. 1 to Nov. 19, 
1903 



Jan. 1 

Feb. 23... 
Apr. 27... 
Aug. 22... 

23... 

27... 



1904. 



Jan. 1 to Aug. 27, 
1904 



Apr. 11.. 
Aue. 21. 
Sept. 11. 
Nov. 18. 



1905. 



Aug. 27, 1904, to 
Nov. 18, 1905 



Feb. 16. 
June 28 . 
Aue. 16. 
Nov. 16. 
Dec. 15.. 
24.. 



Nov. 18, 1905, to 
Dec. 24, 1906 



Feb. 9... 
Apr. 24. 
Aug. 24. 



1907. 



Dec. 24, 1900, to 
Aug. 24, 1907 



Period 

(days). 



101 
51 



53 

64 

117 

1 

4 



227 
132 
21 

68 



90 
132 
49 
92 
29 



47 
74 
122 



243 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



7.10 
2.00 
4.60 
2.60 
3.50 



19.80 



26.70 

13.10 

1.10 

.10 

.10 



41.10 



.60 
8.10 
5.65 
8.35 



3.75 
9.24 
10.82 
3.75 
6.00 
4.22 



37.78 



2.12 
5.80 
24.00 



Inches 

J)er 
ay. 



0.07 
.04 
.77 
.03 
.13 



,172 



.003 
.06 
.27 
.12 



.051 



.094 



.131 



Date of observation. 



Feb. 6.. 

19. 

Apr. 18.. 

May 

June 

.July 

Aug 

Sept. 22. 
Oct. 31.. 



Nov. 29, 
Dec. 2... 



Aue. 24, 1907, to 
Dec. 2, 1908 



Feb. 20. 
Mar. 26. 
Apr. 16. 
Aue. 6.. 
Sep"t.8. 



1909. 



Dee. 2, 1908, to 
Sept. 8, 1909 



Jan. 21.. 
Feb. 28.. 
Apr. 4 . . 
19. 
Oct. 12. . 
Nov. 26. 
Dec. 31.. 



Period 
(days). 



Sept. 8, 1909, to 
Dec. 31, 1910 



Jan. 2... 

20.. 
Feb. 17. 
May 31.. 
Aug. 31. 
Oct. 23.. 
Nov. 22. 



1911. 



Dec. 31, 1910, to 
Nov. 22, 1911 



166 
13 
59 



39 



466 



80 
34 
21 
112 
33 



135 
38 
35 
15 

176 
45 
35 



2 

18 
28 
103 
92 
53 
30 



Recorded rain- 
faU. 



Inches. 



3.85 
3.01 
3.35 

None. 

None. 

None. 

None. 

None. 

11.10 
1.20 
1.51 

10.85 



34.87 



7.05 
8.00 
3.50 
2.32 
1.40 



1.97 
1.08 
4.45 
.56 
8.60 
2.51 
3.27 



5.38 
4.00 
24.95 
17.45 
6.75 
3.58 
2.19 



64.30 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.02 
.23 
.06 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.00 
.28 



.09 
.24 
.17 
.02 
.04 



.01 

.03 
.13 
.04 
.05 
.06 
.09 



2.69 
.22 
.89 
.17 
.07 
.07 
.07 



.197 



Note.— Records furnished by Kukaiau Plantation Co. (Ltd.), Kukaiau, Hawaii. 



472 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Hapea mauka, on northern slope of Mauna Kea {station No. SO), Hawaii, 

1902-1911. 

[Elevation, 5,000 feet.] 



Date of observation. 



Mar. 31. 
Apr. 10. 

28. 
May 14. 

24. 
June 17. 

July ~.' 
Aug. 15. 
Sept. 16. 

27. 
Oct. 16. 
Nov. 15. 

22. 
Dec. 25." 



1902. 



Mar. 1 to Dec. 25, 
1902 



Mar. 14. 

19. 

31. 
Apr. 24. 
May 2. 
July 15. 
Aug. 7. 
Oct. 9. 



Mar. 14 to Oct. 9, 
1903 



Jan. 1. 

Feb. 15. 

Mar. 28. 

Apr. 13. 

Aug. 29. 

Sept. 23. 

Oct. 31. 



Jan. 1 to Oct. 31, 
1904 



Jan. 30. 
Mar. 21. 
May 26. 
June 21. 
July 12. 

14. 

21. 

22. 
4. 

31. 
9. 

30. 
Nov. 11. 
Dec. 16. 



Aug. 
Sept. 



Jan. 30 to Dec. 16, 
1905. 



Period 

(days). 



300 



45 
41 
16 
138 
25 
38 



303 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



Inches. 



27.01 

1.66 

3.30 

9.00 

.60 

1.15 

1.60 

.60 

.60 

.70 

.22 

.34 

2.90 

3.60 

1.50 



7.70 



30.00 

.30 

.50 

.60 

1.42 

1.60 



42.12 



16.00 
4.20 
7.50 
6.40 
2.25 



37.25 



.76 
2.84 

.83 
1.00 

.25 

.48 
2.00 

.34 

.04 
1.65 
1.94 
2.75 

.48 
1.25 



16.61 



Inches 
per 
day. 



0.90 
.17 
.18 
.56 
.06 
.05 



.02 
.02 
.02 
.10 
.51 
.04 



.183 



2.50 
.01 
.06 
.01 
.06 
.03 



.06 

.01 

.04 

.01 

.24 

.29 

.34 

.003 

.06 

.22 

.13 

.01 

.04 



Date of observation. 



Jan. 


20.. 
20. 
12.. 
23. 

9.. 
30.. 
25.. 

6.. 
25.. 

Dec 
2£ 

12.. 
20.. 

6.. 
31.. 
21.. 
22.. 
29.. 
14.. 

7.. 

Dee 

7, 


1906. 






Apr. 
July 

Aug. 










Sept. 




Oct. 




Dec. 




Jan. 


.16,1905,toDec. 
, 1906 

1907. 


Mar. 




May 








June 




July 




Aug. 




Oct. 










.25, 1906, to Nov. 
1907 



Mar. 18 

Apr. — 

May — 

•Tuiie — 

July - 

Aug. — 

Sept. 14 

Oct. - 

Nov. 29 

Dec. 25 and 26. 



Mar. 18 to Dec. 26, 
1908 



Jan. 



1909. 



13. 

18. 
Feb. 18. 
Apr. 16. 
Julv 27. 
Sept. S. 
Nov. 14. 

15. 
Dec. 27. 



Dec'.26,1908,toDec. 
27,1909 



Jan. 6. 
Feb. 3. 

13. 
Mar. 22. 
Apr. 4. 

18. 



Period 

(days). 



Recorded rain- 
fall. 



35 
59 
23 
102 
17 
21 
26 
11 



317 



18 

5 

31 

57 

102 

43 

67 

1 

42 



Inches. 



1.20 
.31 

1.70 
.40 

4.90 
.10 
.60 

1.36 

6.44 



4.88 
5.02 
3.00 

.90 
1.90 
2.80 
2.47 
5.90 

.74 



27.61 



4.90 

None. 

None. 

None. 

None. 

None. 
0.83 

None. 
1.51 
7.50 



14.74 



2.57 
.08 

2.25 

3.10 
.58 
.20 

1.22 
.25 

8.75 



19.00 



.25 
.84 
.95 
.67 
2.49 
.28 



BAINFALL RECOEDS OIT HAWAII. 



473 



Rainfall at Hapea mauka, on northern slope of Mauna Kea {station No. 30), Hawaii, 

1902-1911— Continued. 





Period 

(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Period 
(days). 


Recorded rain- 
fall. 


Date of observation. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


Inches. 


Inches 
per 
day. 


1910. 
May 10 .... 


22 

20 
8> 
28 
48 
7 

26 
23 
40 
9 
10 
10 


0.23 
.38 
.17 

1.17 
.91 
.60 
.54 

1.65 


0.01 
.02 
.02 
.04 
.02 
.09 
.02 
.07 


1911. 
Jan. 3 


9 
25 
14 
35 
9 
4 
26 
13 
24 
84 
12 
76 
32 


3.56 
4.90 
20.05 
2.50 
1.63 
1.80 
3.75 
.88 
3.79 
2.23 
1.65 
2.18 
2.20 


0.40 


30 


28 


.20 




Feb. 11 


1.43 


July 5 


Mar. 18 


.07 


Aug. 22 


27 


.18 


29 


31 


.45 


Sept. 24 


Anr. 26 


.14 


Oct. 17 


Mav 9 


.07 


Nov. 26 


June 2 


.16 


Dec. 5 


4.70 

1.26 

.40 


.52 
.13 
.04 


Aug. 25 


.03 


15 . 


Sept. 6 


.14 


25 


Nov. 21 


.03 




Dee 23 


07 


Dec.27,1909,toDec. 
25,1910. 


363 


17.49 


.048 


Dec.25,1910,toDec. 




363 


51.12 






141 















Note.— Records furnished by Kukaiau Plantation Ck). (Ltd.), Kukaiau, Hawaii. 

Rainfall at lower Hapea {station No. SI), on northern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, 

1909-1911. 



Month. 



January... 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.... 



1909 



Inches. 



4.90 
.40 
.31 



1910 



Inches. 
9.00 
4.98 

.85 
8.05 

.98 
1.08 

.32 
1.75 



Inches. 
11.80 
20.00 
9.36 
5.86 
4.90 
3.62 
.00 
3.35 



Month. 



September . 

October 

November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily. . , 



Inches. 

0.08 

.97 

1.00 

13.35 



Inches. 

0.25 

3.18 

.75 

18.51 



49.70 
.136 



Inches. 
3.72 
1.55 
3.90 
5.07 



73.13 
.200 



a For 9 months. 
Note.— Records furnished by Kukaiau Plantation Co. (Ltd.), Kukaiau, Hawaii. 

Rainfall at Umikoa ranch {station No. 32), on northern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, 

1894-1911. 



[Elevation, 3,400 feet.] 



January . . . 
February. . 

Marcli 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September. 
October . . . 
November. 
December. . 



Annual 

Mean daily . 



1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 



Inches. 



1.64 

.00 

.15 

1.40 

.74 

.46 

1.14 

19.87 

25.25 



a .18 



Inches. 

2.44 

5.09 

29.02 

16.70 

.08 

.33 

2.66 

10.45 

2.27 

3.00 

7.90 

.33 



80.27 
.22 



Inches. 

4.81 

13.16 

18.05 

6.61 

2.1'6 

.57 

2.07 

8.99 

.13 

1.48 

1.78 

5.35 



65.16 
.18 



Inches. 

3.18 
.97 
.55 

1.38 
.13 
.00 
.23 
.86 
.50 
.67 

5.72 

5.11 



19.30 
.05 



Inches. 

18.39 

3.49 

21.96 

3.43 

1.80 

2.68 

.68 

.64 

.61 

.77 

1.21 

5.24 



60.80 
.17 



Inches. 

0.78 

.22 

9.77 

14.00 

5.72 

.53 

L20 

.45 

.00 

15.45 

1.54 

.00 



49.66 
.14 



Inches. 
4.25 
9.97 

.99 
6.97 
3.44 
1.92 
1.58 
1.30 

.00 
5.96 
10.25 
5.74 



52.37 
.14 



Inches. 

7.10 

8.38 

17.10 

2.90 

.00 

.00 

.00 

.07 

.00 

2.87 

1L14 

10.86 



60.42 
.17 



Inches. 
2.77 
2.55 
78.30 
22.77 
7.08 
4.88 
.06 
9.88 
2.52 
5.68 
10.86 
35.24 



182. 59 
.50 



Inches. 

15.23 

7.47 

11.00 

5.03 

.10 

LOS 

7.22 

.72 

L50 

5.05 

1L59 

.00 



65.94 
.18 



Inches. 

26.50 

5.98 

5.78 

2L24 

.79 

.00 

L44 

1.30 

6.42 

.86 

3.85 

4.37 



78.53 
.21 



474 



WATEE RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Raii'fall at Umikoa ranch {station No. 32), on northern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, 

1894-1911— Gonthiued. 



Month. 


1905 


1906 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911' 


Aver- 
age, 17 
years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 


January 


Inches. 
2.96 
.35 
7.91 
y.36 
2.94 
1.68 
4.55 
3.91 
18.94 
1.94 
6.06 
3.44 


Inches. 
1.29 

.45 
3.17 
3.08 
4.99 

.35 
4.28 
2.61 
1.13 
4.44 
2.32 
24.37 


Inches. 

1.10 

12.12 

7.06 

14.29 

2.12 

.67 

5.75 

25.29 

4.55 

5.34 

1.33 

.00 


Inches. 

5.31 

7.13 

3.07 

2.45 

1.79 

.00 

.33 

3.32 

7.66 

2.42 

14.34 

25.11 


Inches. 

2.47 

6.39 

18.63 

12.19 

1.50 

.95 

2.27 

.62 

1.61 

3.55 

1.36 

15.24 


Inches. 

16.22 
5.83 
4.97 

11.40 
6.64 
3.27 
1.50 
3.05 
2.22 
4.24 
9.50 

14.28 


Inches. 

12.49 

43.44 

3.30 

11.74 

9.49 

3.24 

2.53 

3.69 

3.77 

3.39 

4.72 

5.71 


Inches. 
7.49 
7.82 

14.15 
9.29 
2.82 
1.24 
2.21 
4.33 
3.01 
3.79 
6.96 

10.31 


Inches. 
26.50 
43.44 
78.30 
22.77 
9.49 
4.88 
7.22 
25^29 
18.94 
15.45 
19.87 
35.24 


Inches. 
0.78 


February 


.22 




.55 


.•Vpril 


1.38 




.00 


.In lift 


.00 


July 


.00 


August 


.07 




.00 


October 


.67 


November 


1.21 




.00 






Annual 


63.44 

.17 


52.48 
.14 


79.62 
.22 


73.02 
.20 


66.78 
.18 


83.13 
.23 


107. 51 
.29 


73.42 
.201 


182.59 
.50 


19.30 


Mean daily 


.05 



a For 9 months. 
Note. — Records furnished by Kukaiau Plantation Co. (Ltd.), Kukaiau, Hawaii. 

Rainfall at Coffee plantation on northern slope of Mauna Kea {station No. S3), Hawaii, 

1895-1905. 

[Elevation, 1,600 feet.) 



Month. 


1895 


1896 


1897 


1898 


1899 


1900 


1901 


January 


Inches. 

6.31 

10.32 

28.21 

39.48 

5.86 

1.25 

9.65 

7.77 

6.92 

3.67 

11.54 

.57 


Inches. 
12.84 
14.46 
20.43 
12.84 
10.56 
6.26 
3.93 
9.37 
1.20 
6.12 
1.20 
19.90 


Inches. 
7.35 
5.13 
3.83 
4.31 
1.16 

.35 
2.08 
5.70 

.67 
1.57 
9.08 
9.28 


Inches. 
34.28 
4.95 
33.52 
8.87 
5.68 
1.90 
5.21 
5.30 
1.57 
4.40 
4.90 
9.40 


Inches. 

0.00 

.30 

19.05 

17.78 

5.94 

2.00 

4.73 

4.73 

1.18 

22.92 

8.87 

.00 


Inches. 
4.67 
7.61 
3.72 
12.78 
11.88 
2.88 
3.98 
3.95 
.43 
8.20 
21.13 
5.84 


Inches. 
12.07 


February 


9.91 


March 


28.63 


April 


2.56 


Mav 


.00 


Jvme 


.00 


July 


.75 


August 


,60 


September 


.60 


October 


5.11 


November 


17.13 


December 


6.34 






Anniinl 


131.55 
.36 


119. 11 
.33 


50.51 
.14 


119.98 
.33 


87.50 
.24 


87.07 
.24 


83.70 


Mean daily 


.23 







Month. 


1902 


1903 


1904 


1905 


Average, 
11 years. a 


Maxi- 
mum, o 


Mini- 
mum, d 


January 


Inches. 

3.20 

4.54 

87.91 

16.03 

36.38 

12.85 

2.05 

31.72 

8.06 

9.96 

19.56 

34.89 


Inches. 

28.32 

17.38 

12.04 

13.03 

2.36 

.69 

14.93 

2.86 

1.56 

8.57 

21.77 

5.00 


Inches. 

20.09 
7.42 
3.64 

49.65 
3.11 
8.38 

11.90 
2.16 
3.81 
1.68 
9.24 
3.88 


Inches. 

10.94 

8.96 

23.42 

16.51 

6.56 

3.54 

6.12 

7.73 

4.01 

6.75 

12.69 

10.02 


Inches. 
12.73 
8.27 

124. 04 
7.62 
8.14 
3.19 
5.94 
7.44 
2.73 
7.18 
12.46 
9.56 


Inches. 
34.28 
17.38 
33.52 
49.65 
36.38 
12.85 
14.93 
31.72 
8.06 
22.92 
21.77 
34.89 


Inches. 
0.00 


February 


.30 


March 


3.64 


April 


2.56 


May 


.00 


June 


.00 


July 


.75 


August 


.60 


September 


.43 


October 


1.57 


November 


4.90 


December 


.00 






Annual 


267.15 
.73 


128.51 
.35 


119. 96 
.33 


117.25 
.32 


119.30 
.327 


267. 15 
.73 


50.51 


Mean daily , , 


.14 







a For 11-year period, 1895-1905. 
Note.— Records furnished by Kukaiau Plantation Co. (Ltd.), Kukaiau, Hawaii. 



EAINFALL RECORDS ON HAWAII. 



475 



Rainfall at Kukaiau Plantation Co. office {station No. 34), on northern slope of Mauna 

Kea, Hawaii, 1895-1911. 

[Elevation, 800 feet.) 



Month. 


1895 


1896 


1897 


1898 


1899 


1900 


1901 


1902 


1903 


1904 


January 


Inches. 
5. 73 
7.88 
lU. 28 
LO.UI 
2.72 
1.81 
4.75 
7.13 
6.52 
4.99 
10.70 
1.26 


Inches. 

10.42 

16.25 

12.15 

12.21 

6.89 

7.17 

4.33 

7.11 

1.91 

4.91 

1.01 

5.32 


Inches. 
6.21 
5.82 
3.72 
3.52 

.84 
3.48 
6.65 

.90 
1.35 
8.69 
1.52 
6.48 


Inches. 

28. 37 
4.85 

23.88 
7.41 
4.71 
2.80 
5.91 
4.23 
1.16 
2.94 
2.87 
6.69 


Inches. 
0.33 
1.64 
21.23 
8.45 
3.54 
2.63 
4.63 
7.53 
3.05 
16.87 
7.90 
.06 


Inches. 
5.12 
9.96 
5.48 
7.11 

12.07 
3.04 
2.43 
3.99 
1.54 
7.06 

15.61 
4.20 


Inches. 

5.60 

8.86 

22.48 

3.00 

.00 

.14 

.67 

.28 

.26 

4.32 

14.68 

14.75 


Inches. 
4.31 
4.72 
59.41 
12.32 
22.15 
7.07 
2.02 
18.44 
5.91 
6.61 
15.66 
27.18 


Inches. 

19.53 

12. 34 

10.72 

19.49 

1.96 

.65 

12.60 

3.80 

2.21 

7.86 

17.07 

3.67 


Inches. 
17.99 


February 


8.77 


March 

April 

May 

June 


3.39 

43.83 

5.52 

1.88 


July 


14.66 


August 


3.85 


September 


4.10 


October 


1.31 


November 


9.60 


December 


3.31 






Armnal 


83.78 
.23 


89.78 
.24 


49.18 
.13 


95.82 
.26 


77.86 
.21 


77.61 
.21 


75.04 
.21 


185.80 
.51 


111.90 
.30 


118. 21 


Mean daily 


.32 


Month. 


1905 


1906 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Aver- 
age, 17 
years. 


Max. 


Min. 


January 


Inches. 
6.88 
4.50 
15.16 
10.04 
6.78 
4.87 
7.50 
10.71 
15.02 
9.82 
11.27 
8.70 


Inches. 
0.91 
2.95 
3.26 

10.57 
7.01 
1.49 
9.21 

11.19 
2.43 
1.38 
6.33 

18.15 


Inches. 
3.17 
9.78 
13.54 
11.20 
2.86 
2.36 
11.02 
27.77 
12.55 
9.41 
5.62 
4.20 


Inches. 
5.82 
6.97 
2.60 
9.75 
3.80 
2.01 
5.80 
6.51 
6.86 
5.49 
11.41 
15.10 


Inches. 
6.27 
9.17 
28.00 
12.36 
5.88 
3.95 
6.01 
1.74 
2.83 
3.48 
3.48 
8.75 


Inches. 
16.58 
5.60 
10.17 
10.94 
11.28 
11.92 
5.27 
8.61 
2.17 
5.80 
9.43 
18.77 


Inches. 
13.06 
35.20 

8.22 
13.11 
11.08 
11.94 

5.34 

8.30 
12.61 

2.87 
11.55 
10.03 


Inches. 
9.19 
9.13 
14.92 
12.67 
6.42 
4.07 
6.40 
7.77 
4.85 
6.11 
9.16 
9.21 


Inches. 
28.37 
35.20 
59.41 
43.83 
22.15 
11.94 
14.66 

21. n 

15.02 
16.87 
17.07 
27.18 


Inches. 
0.33 




1.64 


March 


2 60 




3.00 


May 


.00 




.14 


July 


.67 




.28 


September 


.26 


October 


1.31 


November 


1.01 


December 


.06 






Aimual 


111.25 
.30 


74.88 
.20 


113. 48 
.31 


82.12 
.22 


91.92 
.25 


116.54 
.32 


143.31 
.39 


99.91 
.274 


185.80 
.51 


49.18 


Mean daily 


.13 



Note.— Readings made daUy. Records furnished by Kukaiau Plantation Co. (Ltd.), Kukaiau, Hawaii. 

Rainfall at Kukaiau mill (station No. 35), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 
14.34 
5.16 
6.89 
4.91 
9.34 
7.33 
4.45 
7.76 



Inches. 
12.15 
22.72 
8.48 
13.00 
8.64 
8.14 
4.70 
6.27 



Average, 
19 years. 



Inches. 
7.42 
7.97 
13.78 
10.94 
5.10 
3.37 
5.71 
7.12 



Month. 



September 

October , 

November .... 
December , 

Annual . . . . 
Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
1.50 
4.80 
9.67 
17.98 



94.13 
.258 



1911 



Inches. 
10.27 
2.78 



114.57 
.314 



Average, 
19 years. 



Inches. 
4.44 
5.14 
8.52 
8.09 



87.60 
.240 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



476 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Paauilo {station No. 36), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 300 feet.) 



January . 
February 
Maruh . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 
14.60 
6.07 
9.18 
7.81 
9.80 
9.43 
4.85 
9.38 



Inches. 
10.08 
23.04 
8.65 
11.22 
8.80 
8.83 
4.46 
6.25 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
1.90 
5.91 
10.86 
7.14 



96.93 
.265 



Inches. 
9.64 
2.65 
8.72 
7.46 



109. 80 
.301 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bm'eau records. 

Rainfall at Paauhau (station No. 37), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 300 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


10.24 


10.58 


5.91 


18.53 


•5.04 


7.49 


6.38 


8.48 


7.11 


7.67 


6.97 


6.45 


3.79 


2.93 


5.20 


4.37 



Average, 
22 vears. 



Inches. 
6.44 
6.44 
9.94 
6.76 
3.76 
2.73 
4.67 
5.36 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


0.68 


7.69 


5.47 


2.39 


7.57 


6.83 


15.25 


4.91 


79.61 


88.32 


.218 


.242 



Average, 
22 years. 



Inches. 
2.98 
3.86 
6.10 
6.93 



65.97 
.181 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bm-eau records. 

Rainfall at Kalopa {station No. 38), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 900 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 

15.93 
7.57 

10.53 
7.95 

10.21 
6.66 
4.71 
6.50 



Inches. 
10.53 
26.47 
8.31 
11.95 
10.32 
9.21 
4.20 
5.39 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 

0.55 

6.23 

11.05 

20.44 



1911 



108. 33 
.300 



Inches. 
9.58 
2.82 

8.76 
7.04 

114. 56 
.314 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Paauhau mauka {station No. 39), Hawaii, 1910. 

[Elevation, 1,150 feet.] 
Inches 



January 14. 97 

February 6. 28 

Marcli 8.85 

April 10. 99 

May 11.52 



Inches 

June 10. 73 

July 4. 03 

August 7. 44 

September 1.73 



Mean daily (for 9 months) . . 



,280 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL KECOKDS ON HAWAII. 



477 



Rainfall at Honokaa mauka {station No. 40), Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,100 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February- 
March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Indies. 


12.50 


13.58 


10.70 


30.90 


6.25 


8.54 


8.70 


9.35 


8.70 


9.35 


7.85 


11.49 


4.10 


4.37 


5.93 


6.14 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
9.12 
9.76 
12.54 
13.20 
5.96 
4.00 
6.78 
8.42 



Month. 



September 

October , 

November , 

December , 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

1.30 

5.87 

11.40 

21.85 



105. 15 



Inches. 
11.56 
3.02 



125.45 
.344 



A verage, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
6.07 
4.66 
9.87 
11.42 



101. 80 
.279 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Honokaa (station No. 41), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 470 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


10.30 


9.44 


6.88 


20.11 


5.73 


6.77 


6.23 


7.94 


7.85 


7.74 


6.12 


7.29 


4.34 


2.77 


5.66 


4.74 



Average, 
22 years. 



Inches. 
6.75 
6.66 
10.24 
6.77 
3.91 
2.84 
4.80 
5.58 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


0.98 


7.68 


5.87 


2.54 


7.84 


6.95 


16.01 


5.50 


83.81 


89.47 


.230 


.245 



Average, 
22 years. 



Inches. 
3.41 
3.91 
6.47 
7.63 



68.97 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kukuihaele (station No. 42), Hawaiian Irrigation Co. weir, Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 930 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
Febniary . 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . . 



1910 



Inches. 



Inches. 
11.29 
18.19 
7.80 
9.72 
9.72 
6.85 
4.21 
6.02 



Month. 



September. 

October 

November. 
December . . 



Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
1.75 
5.85 
6.55 
14.38 



0.23 



1911 



Inches. 
8.97 
3.31 
5.35 
5.10 



96.53 
.26 



a For 4 months. 

Note.— Readings made daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), Kukuihaele, 
Hawaii. 

Rainfall at Kukuihaele (station No. 43), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

AprU 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


8.55 


12.13 


9.58 


20.18 


5.13 


6.75 


6.69 


10.06 


7.02 


9.10 


7.96 


7.09 


0.89 


4.35 


5.25 


6.21 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
6.63 
6.74 
9.82 
8.40 
4.55 
3.19 
5.47 
5.99 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean dailv 



Inches. 

1.96 

6.01 

7.31 

15.14 



87.49 
.240 



Inches. 
9.53 
3.24 
5.63 

5.78 



100.05 
.274 



21 years. 



Inches. 
4.05 
4.32 
6.47 
7.44 



73.07 
.200 



Note.— Compiled from U, S. Weather Bureau records. 



478 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Rainfall at Kawainui mavJca {station No. 44), Waipio River drainage basin, Hawaii, 

1907-1911. 

[Elevation, 4,080 feet.l 



Month. 


1907 


1908 


1909 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
4 years. 


Maxi- 
mum. 


Mini- 
mum. 




Inches. 


Inches. 
13.70 
12.03 
3.35 

26.57 
32.58 
31.60 
40.74 
24.61 
19.20 
11.66 
19.10 
18.75 


Inches. 
14.90 
21.42 
26.45 

4.48 
13.85 
10.60 
25.14 

9.00 
14.52 
12.52 
12.16 
22.83 


Inches. 
40.94 
29.38 
30.75 
24.25 
34.38 
46.49 
34.71 
27.54 
7.71 
21.01 
23.51 
25.16 


Inches. 
28.38 
32.38 
16.59 
16.69 
34.31 
53.34 
25.67 
33.90 
40.. 52 
31.84 
26.04 
23.45 


Inches. 
24.48 
23.80 
19.28 
18.00 
28.78 
35.51 
32.82 
30.89 
24.45 
19.52 
18.74 
20.56 


Inches. 
40.94 
32.38 
30.75 
26.57 
34.38 
53.34 
40.74 
59.42 
40.52 
31.84 
26.04 
25.16 


Inches. 
13.70 






12.03 


March 




3.35 






4.48 


May 




13.85 


June 




10. (iO 


July 


37.86 
59.42 
40. 29 
20. .58 
12.88 
12.63 


25.14 


August 


9.00 




7.71 


October 


11.66 


November 


12.16 




12. 63 






Annual 

Mean daily 


183.66 
a 1.00 


253.89 
.69 


187.87 
.51 


345.83 
.94 


363.11 
.99 


266.87 
.73 


363.11 
.99 


187.87 
.51 



o For 6 months. 

Note. — Readings made daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), Kukuihaele, 
Hawaii. 

Rainfall at lower Kawainui {station No. 45), Waipio River drainage basin, Hawaii, 

1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,040 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


January 


Inches. 


Inches. 
16.68 
47.97 
8.95 
20.06 
16.85 
24.32 
12.52 
15.01 


September 


Inches. 

1.64 

7.01 

14.23 

13.03 


Inches. 
15. 98 








7.65 








8.14 


April 




December 


10.82 


Mav 




Annual 




June 






204. 98 


July 






0.29 


.56 

















o For 4 months. 

Note. — Readings made daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), Kukuihaele, 
Hawaii. 



Rainfall at Alakahi {station No. 46), Waipio River drainage basin, Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,030 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


TRTinary 


Inches. 


Inches. 

13.87 

35.86 

9.95 

13.29 

11.33 

16.44 

7.90 

9.85 


September 


Inches. 
1.53 

6.74 
7.86 
10.21 


Inches. 
10.42 


Februarv 




October 


5 33 


March . ' 








April 




December 


8.51 


May 




Annual 




June 






148. 44 


July 






0.21 


.41 


August 
















o For 4 months. 

Note.— Readings made daily. Records furnished by Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), Kukuihaele, 
Hawaii. 



KAINFALL RECORDS ON HAWAII. 



479 



Rainfall at Koiawe {station No. 47), Waipio River drainage basin, Hawaii, 1910-11, 

[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Month. 


1910 


1911 




Inches. 


Inches. 

11.65 

20.43 

7.36 

10.54 

10,93 

17.26 

8.24 

9.95 


September 


Inches. 
1.54 
6.50 
7.60 
10.00 


Inches. 
9.66 






October 


4.'51 






November 


5.02 






December 


7.56 






Annual 










123.11 


July 




Mean daily 


0.21 


.34 

















o For 4 months. 

Note.— Readings made daily. Records furnished by the Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), Kukuihaele, 
Hawaii. 

Rainfall at Waimea (station No. 48), Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 2,720 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


9.41 


8.74 


4.39 


15. 15 


3.03 


5.03 


4.01 


4.45 


2.34 


4.20 


4.27 


5.23 


2.90 


2.37 


1.95 


2.97 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
4.72 
4.83 
5.16 
3.50 
2.71 
2.22 
2.82 
3.35 



Month. 



September 

October , 

November 

December , 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
2.17 
4.70 
2.52 
3.48 



45.17 
.124 



1911, 



Inches. 
3.35 
1.40 
1.89 
2.44 



57.22 
.157 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
2.12 
2.67 
3.17 
5.13 



42.40 
.116 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Awini {station No. 49), Awini Stream drainage basin, Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 2,100 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 
17.16 
18.60 
16.09 
15.24 
15. 85 
21.52 
18.32 
15.00 



Inches. 
21.86 
35.72 
12.74 
17.48 
16.45 
24.73 
12.17 
15.18 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean da ly 



1910 



Inches. 

4.72 

13.00 

16.29 

25.25 



197. 04 
.540 



1911 



Inches. 
19.99 

6.19 
12.06 

8.67 



203.24 

.557 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 
Rainfall at Honokane {station No. 50), Honokane Stream drainage basin, Hawaii, 1910-11. 

[Elevation, 1,042 feet.] 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 



Inches. 
22.03 
15.17 
17.64 
19.25 
17.36 
17.50 
16.21 
12.31 



1911 



Inches. 
18.72 
51.64 
11.03 
19.01 
15. 85 
21.79 
10.02 
14.92 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Anmial. . . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 
2.39 
10.73 
15.19 
16.82 



182, 60 
.500 



Inches. 

16, .54 

4,10 

13.01 

12.07 



208. 70 

.572 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



480 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Niulii (station No. 51), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



Month. 



January., 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


7.91 


8.00 


2.65 


8.72 


7.82 


7.44 


5.85 


7.89 


4.35 


3.79 


5.41 


8.56 


8.95 


3.83 


5.26 


4.91 



Average, 
26 years. 



Inches. 
4.39 
4.62 
6.19 

5.57 
4.44 
3.18 
4.88 
4.76 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . 
Mean daily 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1.91 


8.23 


4.38 


3.17 


4.87 


6.55 


11.89 


2.22 


71.25 


73.31 


.195 


.201 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kohala (Maulili) (station No. 52), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 960 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March. .. 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 
6.72 
3.52 
5.40 
5.40 
4.57 
7.60 
6.81 
5.95 



Inches. 
8.28 
9.71 
5.49 
8.77 
4.62 
7.95 
4.07 
5.12 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Aimual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
1.82 
5.94 
5.80 
11.38 



70.91 
.194 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kohala mission (station No. 53), Haicaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 520 feet.] 



Month 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches, 


6.27 


7.92 


2.44 


8.18 


6.49 


6.42 


4.95 


7.90 


4.56 


2.93 


5.48 


6.94 


6.53 


3.14 


5.13 


3.59 



Average, 
22 years. 



Inches. 
5.02 
5.42 
7.12 

5.87 
4.01 
3.38 
4.80 
4.85 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
2.06 
4.16 
5.11 
9.93 



63.11 
.173 



1911 



Inches. 
4.62 
2.72 
4.72 
1.83 



60.91 
.167 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kohala mill (station No. 54), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 270 feet.) 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . . 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.55 


7.98 


2.13 


8.03 


6.84 


7.21 


4.93 


6.96 


4.28 


3.57 


5.42 


8.07 


7.25 


3.70 


4.88 


4.32 



Average, 
16 years. 



Inches. 
3.82 
5.02 
6.70 
5.62 
4.14 
3.23 
4.87 
4.58 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



Inches. 
1.69 
4.18 
4.51 
9.13 



61. 79 
.169 



Inches. 
6.68 
2.59 
5.57 
2.27 



66.95 
.183 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



RAINFALL EECOEDS ON HAWAH. 



481 



Rainfall at Hawimill (station No. 55) Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 600 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
12 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
12 years. 




Inches. 
7.33 
2.62 
6.74 
4.88 
3.79 
6.00 
6.54 
5.00 


Inches. 
8.16 
8.24 
4.74 
7.15 
3.27 
7.75 
3.8S 
4.34 


Inches. 
4.11 
6.13 
7.22 
6.80 
4.43 
3.64 
5.20 
4.58 


September 


Inches. 
1.60 
4.70 
4.71 
8.79 


Inches. 
4.93 
3.14 
5.46 
2.76 


Inches. 
3.59 




October 


3.84 




November 


5.01 




December 


6.01 




Annual 

Mean daily... 






62.70 
.172 


63.82 
.175 


60.56 


July 


.166 











N©TE.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Puakea ranch {station No. 56) Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 600 feet.] 



January . 
February 
March... 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 
8.40 
1.46 
5.28 
3.98 
3.42 
4.85 
5. 23 
3.74 



1911 



Inches. 
5.59 
6.74 
5.86 
4.52 
2.02 
5.81 
2.44 
2.99 



Month. 



September. 
October. . . 
November. 
December . 



Annual 

Mean daily. 



1910 



Inches. 
1.01 
3.20 



8.44 



1911 



Inches. 

3.31 

.57 

4.16 

1.81 



45.82 
.126 



a For 11 months. 
Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Puuivaawaa (station No. 57), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,740 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March... 

April 

May 

June 

July.... 
August.. 



1910 


Inches. 


2.77 


4.74 


.28 


.19 


.57 


1.65 


5.86 


2.21 



Inches. 
4.81 
1.74 
5.76 
4.05 
4.23 
.45 
1.03 
1.72 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
1.93 
1.86 

.54 
.95 



23. 55 
.064 



Inches. 

.00 
.62 
1.46 



27.91 
.076 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Huehue (station No. 58), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,000 feet.] 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



Inches. 

4.27 

.83 

.64 

.72 

.54 

3.01 

1.93 

.97 



Inches. 
5.90 
2.17 
5.61 
3.44 
1.63 
1.00 
1.36 
2.70 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 

9.43 

1.43 

.85 

1.18 



25.80 
.071 



1911 



Inches. 
4.17 
1.15 
1.39 
1.38 



31.90 

.087 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 
74323°— wsp 818—13 31 



482 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Rainfall at Holualoa {station No. 59), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,350 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


3.15 


6.73 


2.45 


.96 


3.68 


6.91 


1.87 


2.29 


2.76 


5.44 


7.55 


7.01 


8.45 


4.48 


5.91 


7.39 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
3.35 
3.69 
4.74 
4.38 
5.63 
5.66 
7.16 
7.73 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 

15.65 

6.45 

.51 

.72 



59.15 
.162 



Inches. 
7.45 
6.54 
3.91 
2.45 



61.56 
.169 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
7.79 
5.00 
3.19 
3.27 



61.59 
.169 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kealakekua {station No. 60), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,580 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


6.43 


7.03 


.79 


1.55 


1.94 


7.07 


2.62 


2.58 


1.96 


5.81 


6.98 


9.75 


6.83 


6.07 


4.30 


10.16 



Average, 
21 years. 



Inches. 
3.79 
4.06 
4.17 
4.92 
6.47 
6.51 
7.76 
8.05 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



Inches. 

13.59 

6.68 

.51 

.47 



53.10 
.145 



Inches. 
8.79 
7.10 

4 60 
2.93 



73.44 
.201 



Average, 
21 years. 



Indies. 
8.09 
6.40 
4.08 
3.00 



67.30 
.184 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Napoopoo {station No. 61), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 25 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June, 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.00 


3.55 


.00 


1.50 


.00 


6.04 


.00 


2.31 


.10 


1.82 


1.90 


3.-37 


2.68 


1.98 


2.38 


4.05 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
2.33 
2.21 
2.53 
2.40 
4.32 
3.13 
2.77 
4.13 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 
3.68 
1.90 
■ .10 

.85 



18.59 
.051 



Inches. 
3.94 
3.50 
2.15 
2.55 



36.76 
.101 



Average, 
10 years. 



Inches. 
4.02 
2.24 
1.47 
2.75 



34.30 
.094 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Hoopuloa {station No. 62), Haiuaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,425 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



Inches. 
2.48 
.49 
3.40 
3.33 
2.83 
2.65 
6.26 
4.62 



Inches. 
7.61 
1.87 
7.60 
3.73 
6.00 
7.83 
3.67 
5.22 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 

4.57 

2.58 

.87 

1.11 



35.19 
.096 



1911 



Inches. 
7.30 
3.76 
1.31 
1.70 



57.51 
.158 



Note. — Compiled from U, S. Wepither Bureau records. 



EAINFALL RECORDS ON HAWAII. 



483 



Rainfall at Kau (station No. 63), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,850 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 



Inches. 
3.00 
1.31 
2.96 
2.72 
1.95 
5.12 
4.66 



1911 



Incites. 

7.16 
13.55 
11.00 
6.25 
5.71 
5.9 
7.22 
5.77 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
5.72 
3.99 
4.00 
4.30 



47.41 
.130 



Inches. 
6.16 
5.67 
4.07 
3.35 



81.81 
.224 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rain/all at Naalehu {station No. 64), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 650 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


7.01 


4.98 


1.31 


8.85 


2.74 


11.85 


1.39 


4.53 


.70 


2.22 


1.49 


1.44 


1.21 


1.66 


7.64 


1.94 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
5.04 
5.00 
5.61 
3.05- 
1.90 
1.26 
1.92 
3.94 



Month. 



September 

October , 

November , 

December , 

Annual ... 
Mean daily 



1910 



Inches. 
3.46 
1.84 
3.32 
1.69 



33.80 
.093 



Inches. 
1.36 
3.84 
2.60 
4.35 



49.62 
.136 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
3.10 
3.35 
4.97 
3.80 



42.94 
.113 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Hilea (station No. 65), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 310 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.59 


3.64 


1.93 


8.50 


2.39 


12.17 


.77 


3.27 


.56 


2.75 


.91 


.63 


.58 


1.19 


8.81 


1.59 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
2.34 
3.97 
4.86 
2.76 
1.37 
.74 
1.46 
3.06 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


2.40 


3.46 


.94 


1.47 


3.28 


.63 


2.30 


3.65 


29.46 


42.85 


.081 


.117 



Average 
22 years. 



Inches. 
2.26 

2.58 
4.64 
3.59 



33.63 
.092 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Pahala (station No. 66), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 850 feet.] 



Month. 



January.. 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


5.02 


2.64 


3.98 


9.11 


.51 


11.83 


.29 


5.34 


.62 


2.71 


.63 


.10 


.56 


.78 


5.86 


2.13 



Average 
20 years. 



Inches. 
3.89 
5.35 
5.53 
2.37 
1.70 
.74 
.89 
3.66 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean dailv... 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


2.92 


2.16 


.94 


3.88 


2.74 


.45 


2.19 


3.25 


26.26 


44.38 


.072 


.121 



Average 
20 years. 



Inches. 
2.39 
2.72 
5.45 
3.38 



8.073 
.104 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau recordg. 



484 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAW AH. 



Rainfall at Kapapala ranch (station No. 67), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 2,150 feet.] 



Month. 



January . . 
February 
March.. . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August.. 



1910 


1911 


Inches. 


Inches. 


4.99 


6.99 


5.65 


7.60 


.92 


17.21 


.98 


6.92 


2.74 


4.93 


1.60 


.00 


2.5.3 


1.78 


5.43 


2.50 



Average, 
26 years. 



Inches. 
5.63 
6.68 
7.64 
3.62 
3.19 
1.28 
2.03 
3.55 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



1910 



Inches. 
4.19 
2.17 
3.38 
3.33 



37.91 
.104 



Inches. 
6.80 
3.08 
1.38 
2.81 



62.00 
.170 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Volcano House (station No. 68), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 3,970 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March... 

April 

May.... 

June 

July 

August . . 



1910 



Inches. 
12.92 
1.66 
9.50 
7.18 
8.34 
6.50 
3.45 
9.40 



Inches. 

8.50 

24. 58 

10.01 

10.44 

1.39 

4.52 

.00 

2.35 



Average, 
13 years. 



Inches. 
6.30 
8.55 
9.72 
7.45 
5.52 
3.34 
4.60 
7.86 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual... 
Mean daily 



Inches. 
2.67 
3.69 
6.17 
6.29 



77.77 
.213 



1911 



Inches. 
8.15 
4.71 
8.09 
9.59 



92.33 
.253 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Mountain View (station No. 69), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,530 feet.] 



Month. 



January. . 
February 
March. . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . 



1910 



Inches. 
26.45 
6.96 
22.80 
20.80 
19.75 
21.49 
17.73 
24.86 



1911 



Inches. 
17.56 
45.10 
15.71 
28.39 
26.31 
21.00 
12.29 
18.01 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
14.10 
14.44 
19.36 
19.33 
15. 85 
10.58 
17.00 
22.83 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December. 

Annual 

Mean daily... 



Inches. 

8.03 

15. 09 

18.14 

16.62 



218. 72 
.599 



1911 



Inches. 
22.06 
14.65 
23.25 
22.12 



266. 45 
.730 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kurtistown (station No. 70), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 640 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February 
March . . . 
April .... 

May 

June..., 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 
19.11 

3.44 
13.50 
10.31 
10.23 

8.11 
21.99 
16.46 



1911 



Inches. 
16.15 
33. 41 
19. 25 
21.12 
22.16 
16.16 
7.43 
12.96 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual . . . 
Mean daily 



Inches. 

5.22 

7.21 

13.40 

18.95 



147. 96 
.405 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



EAINFALL KECORDS ON HAWAII. 



485 



Rainfall at Olaa mill (station No. 71), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 210 feet.] 



Month. 



January. 
February- 
March. . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 
20.08 

5.47 
12.34 

9.71 
11.36 

8.91 
10.81 
14.37 



1911 



Inches. 
13.73 
19.07 
13.15 
19.75 
21.98 
11.28 
7.07 
9.67 



Average, 
11 years. 



Inches. 
10.08 
10.88 
15.83 
13.88 
10.03 
7.72 
11.98 
13.97 



Month. 



September 

October 

November , 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
5.41 
8.00 
10.89 
17.92 



135. 27 
.370 



Inches. 

14.29 

7.23 

13.82 

15.06 



166. 10 

.455 



Average, 
11 years. 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Pahoa {station No. 72), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



Inches. 
12.85 
10.94 
15.61 
13.89 



147. 66 
.405 



January. 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August . . 



Inches. 
29.44 

7.18 
10.96 

7.84 
10.28 
18.00 
11.07 

9.54 



Inches. 
16.13 
42.39 
20.14 
19.01 
22.60 
21.80 
17.97 
1.43 



Month. 



September 

October 

November 

December... 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
8.85 
10.49 
12.23 
19.10 



154. 98 
.426 



Inches. 
12.84 
3.86 
14.34 
21.64 



214. 15 

.586 



Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kaueleau {station No. 7S), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 1,000 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August. . 



Inches. 
33.70 

3.95 
12.14 

9.30 
12.93 
11.55 
12.56 
11.39 



Inches. 
16.39 
38.52 
27.30 
15.60 
18.84 
14.81 
7.09 
9.71 



September 

October 

November 

December 

Annual 

Mean daily 



Inches. 
7.89 
9.89 
12.22 
14.83 



152. 35 
.417 



Inches. 
16.91 
9.30 
14.39 
19.39 



208.25 
.570 



Note.— Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 

Rainfall at Kapoho {station No. 74), Hawaii, 1910-11. 
[Elevation, 110 feet.] 



Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
20 years. 


Month. 


1910 


1911 


Average, 
20 years. 


January 


Inches. 
21.42 
4.19 
5.25 
3.89 
6.21 
5.90 
6.76 
6.24 


Inches. 
9.39 
15. 39 
13.18 
12.10 
11.44 
8.28 
4.08 
4.91 


Inches. 
8.67 
8.79 
11.06 
6.33 
5.42 
4.98 
5.34 
7.04 


September . 


Inches. 

6.99 

6.34 

6.31 

15.46 


Inches. 

10.80 
3.33 
8.23 

10.92 


Inches. 

7 44 


February 




7.55 


March 


November 


7 98 


April 




7.94 




Annual 

Mean daily... 




June 


94.96 
.260 


112. 05 
.307 


88.54 


July 


242 


August 









Note. — Compiled from U. S. Weather Bureau records. 



486 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Alphabetic list of rainfall stations on Island of Ilaivaii. 



Name. 


No. 


Eleva- 
tion. 


Name. 


No. 


Eleva- 
tion. 




46 
49 
33 
22 
21 
31 
30 
55 
05 
6 
8 
59 
23 
41 
40 
50 
62 
58 
1 
38 
67 
74 
63 
73 
45 
44 
60 
25 
52 
54 
53 
47 
35 
34 
43 

42 
70 


Feet. 

1,030 

2,100 

1,600 

200 

1,200 

4,000 

5,000 

600 

310 

100 

15 

1,350 

300 

470 

1,100 

1,042 

2,425 

2,000 

6,685 

900 

2,150 

110 

1,850 

1,000 

1,040 

4,080 

1,580 

5,500 

960 

270 

520 

1,000 

250 

800 

700 

930 
640 


Laupahoehoe 


27 
9 

10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 
18 
69 
64 
61 
51 
71 
28 
39 
37 
36 
66 
72 
26 
19 
56 
20 
4 
3 
5 
29 
2 
57 
32 
68 
7 
24 
48 


Feet. 
100 


Awini 


Mauna Kea, east slope 


5,000 
4,500 




Do 




Do 


4,000 
3,500 


Hakalau mauka 


Do 


Hapea 


Do 


3,000 
2,500 
2,000 
1,500 


TTapfia manlirft 


Do 




Do 


Hilea 


Do 


HUo 


Do 


1,000 




Do 


500 




Mountain View 


1,530 
650 


Honohina 


Naalehu a 






25 


Honokaa mauka . . . 


Niulii 


200 






210 




Ookala 


400 






1,150 


Humuula . . 


Paauilo 


30 






300 


Kapapala ranch 


Pahala 


850 






700 


Kau . . 


Papaaloa 


260 






250 






600 






100 


Kealakekua 




1,000 




Piihonua mauka 


1,900 




500 


Kohala mill 


Puu Kihe 


7,850 




Puu Oo 


6,450 
2,740 


Koiawe 


Puuwaawaa 






3 400 


Kukaiau office 


Volcano House 


3,970 
50 






Kukuiliaele (Hawaiian Irrigation 




275 




2,720 











a Evaporation station. 
EVAPORATION FROM WATER SURFACE. 

The action of evaporation is so gradual and continuous from day 
to day that its effect on the storage of water is likely to be overlooked 
unless special attention is called to it and figures given to show the 
total loss per month or year. This loss becomes an item of impor- 
tance when large quantities of water are held in storage over a consid- 
erable, period of time, as in the case of reservoirs for municipal supply 
or for irrigation systems depending on storm flow. The effect of 
evaporation must also be taken into account in estimating probable 
run-off from drainage areas by means of rainfall records. 

Data regarding evaporation must necessarily be limited to observa- 
tions made on small quantities of water confined in specially prepared 
receptacles, except in those rare instances where the total inflow and 
outflow of a natural pond or lake can be accurately measured. It is, 
of course, impossible to secure in the evaporation pan all the condi- 
tions that affect evaporation from a large body of water whose sur- 
face, roughened by the wind, gives a larger area constantly exposed 
to shifting air currents. For this reason the actual losses by evapo- 



EVAPORATION FROM WATER SURFACE. 



487 



ration are probably somewhat greater than those shown by the evapo- 
ration pan. 

Evaporation records were obtained during 1910 and 1911 at nine 
stations on the islands of Kauai, Oahu, and Hawaii. Records of 
evaporation under roof cover were also obtained at two stations on 
Oahu. The gage used in measuring evaporation consisted of a circu- 
lar galvanized-iron pan, 10 inches deep and about 18 inches in diame- 
ter. Readings were made from the surface of the water to the top 
of a sharp point extending about 2 inches above the bottom in the 
center of the pan. The pan was filled with water to about -3 inches 
from the top, water being added or taken out from time to time, 
depending on the amount of evaporation and the rainfall. Rainfall 
records were obtained at the stations, and the amount of rainfall was 
taken into account in measuring the evaporation. Owing to the 
small size of the pan and the necessity of keeping the water surface 
some distance below the top, the effect of the wind in aiding evapora- 
tion was probably modified to a large extent. Despite the precaution 
of keeping the water low, the pan was likely to overflow at times of 
heavy rainfall. At such times, even if no overflow occurred, there 
were often considerable losses of water by spattering out over the 
sides of the pan, which probably accounts for the extremely large 
evaporation shown at times of heavy rainfall. 

Owing to the difficulties in obtaining evaporation records, the data 
here presented are not considered as having throughout a high degree 
of accuracy. They give, however, some general information on a 
subject not heretofore investigated in the Territory of Hawaii. 

Evaporation at Waiahoali camp, Kauai, 1910-11. 



Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


1910. 
May 15 o 


Bays. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1910. 
June 16 


Days. 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
21 
7 
7 
8 
6 
7 
7 
14 
30 


Inches. 

0.50 
.80 
.40 
.70 
.50 
.60 
.60 

1.70 
.70 
.60 
.60 
.32 
.28 
.40 
.80 
.62 


Inches. 
0.071 


July 10 


56 
44 
24 


2.83 
2.27 
1.05 


0.051 
.052 
.044 


23 


.114 


Aug 23 


30 


.057 


Sept 16 


July 7 


.100 


Oct 8 6 


14 


.071 


16 


8 


.40 


.050 


21 


.086 




28 


.086 


1911. 


Aug. 18 


.081 


Feb. 25 c 


25 


.100 


Mar 11 


14 
6 
8 
7 
6 
7 
9 


1.50 
1.70 
.90 
2.60 
.75 
.10 
.30 


.107 
.283 
.112 
.371 
.125 
.014 
.033 


Sept. 1 


.086 


17 


9 


.086 


25 


15 


.053 


Apr. 1 


22 


.040 




29 


.057 


14 


Oct. 13 


.057 


23 


Nov. 12 


.021 


29* 


Dec 27 b 






6 

7 
7 


.80 
.50 
.60 


.133 
.071 
.086 










12 




19 




26 




June 2 










9 


7 


.10 


.014 









« station established. 



6 Pan overflowed. 



c Station reestablished. 



488 



WATER EESOURCES OF HAWAII. 
Evaporation at Puu Lua, Kauai, 1910-11. 



Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


1910. 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1911. 
May 26 


Days. 
7 
7 


Inches. 
1.00 
1.20 


Inches. 
0.143 


Oct 8 


14 

7 


1.44 
.89 


0.103 
.127 


June 2 


.171 


IS 


9c 






16 


7 
14 

28 
21 

7 
21 

7 
7 
15 
28 
47 


1.15 
2.55 
5.70 
2.65 
1.00 
3.50 
1.10 
1.00 
1.90 
2.74 
4.21 


.164 
182 


1911 








30 


Feb 25 b 


July 28 


.204 


Mar 11 


14 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
8 
6 
7 
C 
7 


2.10 
2.40 
.90 
3.00 
.50 
.50 
.90 
.85 
.55 
.70 
.90 


.150 
.343 
.129 
.429 
.071 
.071 
.112 
.142 
.079 
.117 
.129 


Aug. 18 


.126 


18 


25 


.143 


25 


Sept. 15 


.167 


Apr 1 


22 


.157 


8 


29 


.143 


15 


Oct. 14 


.127 


23 


Nov. 11 


.098 


29 


Dec. 28 


.089 




Feb. 25 to 
Dee. 28, 1911c 




12 


299 


41.99 




19 


.140 







a Station established. b Station reestablished. c No record for week ending June 9. 

Evaporation at Waiawa, Kauai, 1910-11. 



Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


1910. 
June 10 a 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1911. 
May 28 


Days. 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
5 
3 
7 
7 
6 
7 
8 
13 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
6 
9 
6 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 


Inches. 

1.58 

1.29 

1.50 

1.70 

1.52 

1.10 

1.90 

1.50 

1.50 

.85 

.60 

1.60 

.80 

.48 

1.80 

1.40 

2.42 

.85 

.70 

1.10 

.70 

.75 

1.04 

1.00 

1.10 

.00 

.80 

.60 

.86 

.85 

.82 

.52 


Inches. 
0.226 


July 5 


25 

31 

26 

38 

7 

7 

7 

23 

24 

11 


4.78 

5.32 

5.72 

5.68 

1.08 

.85 

.69 

.50 

1.30 

1.14 


0.191 
.171 
.220 
.150 
.154 
.121 
.099 
.022 
.054 
.104 


June 4 


.184 




11 


.214 


31 


18 


.243 


Oct 8 


25 


.217 


15 


July 2 


.157 


22 


9 


.271 


29 


16 


.214 


Nov. 21 


23 


.214 


Dec. 15 


28 


.170 


26 


31 


.200 






.229 
.114 


June 10 to 


199 


27.06 


.136 


14 


Dec, 26, 1910 


20 


.080 




27 


.257 
.175 


1911. 


13 

8 


.20 
.70 


.015 

.088 


Sept. 4 


Jan. 8 


17 


.186 


16 


24 


.121 


176 


Oct. 1 


.100 


24 


7 
7 
7 
5 
8 
7 
7 
6 
8 
6 
7 
8 
7 
7 
6 
7 
7 
7 


.42 
.65 
.38 
.73 
.80 
1.06 
.86 
.52 
.85 
.70 
1.25 
1.40 
.76 
1.20 
1.02 
1.40 
1.10 
1.58 


.060 
.093 
.054 
.146 
.100 
.151 
.123 
.087 
.106 
.117 
.179 
.175 
.109 
.171 
.170 
.200 
.157 
.226 


8 . 


.157 


31 


15 


.100 


Feb. 7 


2'' 


.107 


12 


29 


.149 


20 


Nov. 4 . . . . 


.167 


27 


13 


.122 


Mar. 6 


19 


.100 


12 


26 


.114 


20 


Dec. 3 


.086 


26 


10 ... 


.123 


Apr. 2 


17 


.121 


10 


24 . . 


.117 


17 


31 


.074 


24 


Dec. 26, 1910, 
to Dec. 31, 
19116 




30 


369 


53.41 




May 7 




14 


.145 


21 









aStation established. 



bNo record on Jan. 17. 



EVAPORATION FROM WATER SURFACE. 
Evaporation at Koloa, Kauai, 1910-11. 



489 



Date of observa- 
tion. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


Date of observa- 
tion. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


1910. 
Sent 6" 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1911. 
May 3 


Days. 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 


Inches. 

1.44 

1.22 

1.01 

.91 

1.26 

1.08 

1.40 

1.22 

.98 

1.26 

1.16 

.94 

1.19 

1.20 

1.35 

1.04 

1.23 

1.23 

1.09 

.94 

1.02 

.79 

.94 

1.13 

.80 

.74 

.91 

1.07 

.74 

.92 

.70 

.54 

.79 

.79 

.57 


Inches. 
0.206 


^13 :.: .. 


7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 


0.98 
87 
1.27 
1.47 
1.12 
.89 
.86 
.75 


0.140 
.124 
.181 
.210 
.160 
.127 
.123 
.107 


10 


.174 


20 


17 


.144 


27 


24 


.130 


Oct 4 


31 


.180 


11 


June 7 


.154 


IS 


14 


.200 


25 


21 


.174 


Nov 1 


28 


.140 


26 


July 5 


.180 


9 . . 


7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 


.81 
.91 
.93 
.60 
.88 
.60 
.60 
.71 


.116 
.130 
.133 
.086 
.126 
.086 
.086 
.101 


12 


.160 


16 


19 


.134 


23 


26 


.170 


30 


Aug. 2 


.171 


Dec 7 


9 


.193 


14 


16 


.149 


21 


23 


.176 


28 


30 


.176 




Rpn)- (i 


.156 
.134 


Sept. 6 to 
Dec. 28, 


112 


14.25 


.127 


13 


20 


.146 


1910« 


27 


.113 






.134 
.161 


1911. 


7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 

7 
7 
7 
7 
7 
7 


.89 

.39 

.60 

.47 

.35 

.87 

.75 

.73 

1.03 

.70 

.96 

1.10 

1.00 

1.50 

.92 

.91 

.99 


.127 
.056 
.086 
.067 
050 
.124 
.107 
.104 
.147 
.100 
.137 
.157 
.143 
.214 
.131 
.130 
.141 


11 




18 


.114 


11 


25 


.106 


18 


Nov. 1 


.130 


25 


8 


.153 


Feb. 1 


15 


.106 


8 


22 


.131 


15 


29 


.100 


22 


Dec. 6 


.077 


Mar. 1 


13 


.113 


8 


20 


.113 


15 


27 


.081 


22 


Dec. 28, 1910, 
to Dec. 27, 
1911 




29 


364 


49.76 




Apr. 5 




12 


.137 


19 




26 









a Station established. 



i Pan overflowed. 



c No record on Nov. 2. 



Evaporation at Kealia, Kauai, 1910-11. 



Date of observa- 
tion. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


Date of observa- 
tion. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


1910. 
Sept 30 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1911. 
June 3 


Days. 

7 
24 
16 

8 
22 
21 


Inches. 
1.53 
5.32 
3.81 
1.83 
5.67 
5.06 


Inches. 
0.219 


12 


9 
33 


1.74 
7.64 


0.193 
.232 


27 


.222 


Oct 15 


July 13 .... 


.238 


28 6 


21 


.229 


Dec. 17 


50 


14.66 


.293 


Aug. 12 

Sept 2 


.258 




241 


1911 


23 
115 
23 


4.46 
19.63 
4.86 


.194 
.171 
.211 


Jan. 9 to Sept. 
2, 1911 




Jan. 9 


259 


52.17 






.201 


27 









o station established. 



J> Pan overflowed. 



490 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Evaporation at Spencer Street, Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 



Date of observa- 
tion. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daUy. 


Date of observa- 
tion. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


1910. 
June 17 " 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


1911. 
Feb. 22 


Days. 
9 


iTiches. 
1.12 


Inches. 
0.124 


21 


4 
9 
19 
39 
24 
6 
7 
8 
9 
6 
5 
2 
S 
6 
8 
13 
13 
9 
2 


0.49 

.45 

3.57 

5.99 

2.92 

.74 

.90 

1.13 

1.56 

1.10 

.43 

.28 

1.03 

.99 

1.17 

1.84 

2.02 

.71 

.45 


0.122 
.050 
.188 
.154 
.122 
.123 
.129 
.141 
.173 
.183 
.086 
.140 
.129 
.165 
.146 
.142 
.155 
.079 
.225 


26 i> 




30 


Mar. 11 


13 

10 
9 

14 
7 
S 
7 

12 
8 
8 

11 
8 

10 
8 
6 
7 
8 
6 
9 
5 

14 

14 
7 
7 


.97 
1.09 

.68 
1.93 
1.16 

.77 

.63 
1.94 
1.49 

.53 
2.08 
1.86 
1.82 
1.50 
1.41 
1.59 
1.07 
1.27 
1.99 

.94 
1.79 
2.16 

.98 

.95 


.075 


July 19 


21 


.109 


Aug. 27 


30 


.076 


Sept. 20 


Apr. 13 


.138 


26 


20 


.166 


Oct. 3 


28 


.096 


11 


May 5 


.090 


20 


17 


.162 


26 


25 


.186 


31 


June 2 


.066 


Nov. 2 


13 


.189 


10 


21 


.232 


16 


July 1 


.182 


24 


9 


.188 


Dec. 7 


15 


.235 


20 


22 


.227 


29 


30 


.134 


31 


Aug. 5 


.212 




14 


221 


June 17 to 


197 


27.77 


.141 


19 


.188 


Dec. 31, 1910 


Sept. 2 


.128 






.154 
.140 


1911. 


12 
13 

7 


1.73 
1.26 
1.29 


.144 
.097 
.184 


23 


Jan. 12 


30 


.136 


25 


Dee. 31, 1910 
to Sept. 30, 
1911c 




Feb. 1 


264 


38.45 




66 




13 


7 


.45 


.064 


.146 







a Station established. b Pan overflowed. c No records for Feb. 1-6 and 22-26. 

Evaporation at Hoaeae, Oahu, 1911. 



Month. 



Average 
daily. 




September 

October 

November 

December 

September 1 to December 31 



Inches. 

0.316 

.236 

.226 

.171 



Evaporation at upper Lualcaha, Oahu, 191G-11. 



Month. 



Total for 
period. 



Average 
daily. 



1910. 

October 1-4 and 12-31 

November 

December 

The period (85 days) 

1911, 

Janu ary 

February 

March 

April 

Mav 1-21 and 28-31 

June 1-9 and 15-30 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The period (354 days) 



Inches. 
5.48 
5.45 
3.23 



Inches. 
0.228 
.182 
.104 



14.16 


.167 


O7.08 


a. 228 


a 8. 50 


a. 304 


3.54 


.114 


3.54 


.118 


a 7. 35 


0.294 


5.39 


.216 


6.13 


.198 


5.82 


.188 


a 13. 08 


0.436 


3.09 


.100 


3.72 


.124 


2.97 


.096 



« 70. 21 



0.198 



o Figures probably too large, due to loss of water by spattering from pan at times of heavy rainfall. 



TEMPERATURE. 491 

Evaporation under roof cover of Punchbowl reservoir , Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 



Dale of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 




1910. 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


18 


13 
11 

96 


0.46 
.31 

2.28 


0. 03.5 


29 - - - 


.028 


Feb. 2 


1911. 


.024 




1910, to Feb. 2, 1911 




Oct. 5, 


120 


3.05 


.025 



a Station establislied. 
Evaporation in basement of Executive Building, Honolulu, Oahu, 1910-11. 



Date of observation. 


Period. 


Total for 
period. 


Average 
daily. 


Oct. 6" 


1910. 


Days. 


Inches. 


Inches. 


15 


9 
11 
34 

65 
96 
125 


0.35 

.35 
1.02 

1.80 
2.50 
3.75 


0. 039 


26 - 


.032 


Nov . 29. . - - - 


.030 


Feb. 2 


1911. 


.028 


May 9 


.026 


Sept. 11 - - - 


.030 




1910, to Sept. 11, 1911 




Oct. 6, 


340 


9.77 


.029 









o station established. 
Evaporation at Naalehu, Hawaii, 1911. 



Montti. 



Total for 
period. 



Average 
daily. 



July 2-31 

August 

September 

October 5-31 

November 

December 1-25 

The period (173 days) 



Inches. 
6.36 
7.24 
7.96 
8.29 
7.50 
6.86 



Inches. 
0.212 
.234 
.265 
.307 
.2.50 
.274 



44. 21 



.256 



TEMPERATURE. 

Although located within the Torrid Zone, between 18° 55' and 22° 
15' north latitude, the climate of the Hawaiian Islands can hardly 
be said to be tropical. At the most it is only subtropical, and probably 
the word "temperate" applies better to it than to the climate of most 
places north of the Tropic of Cancer. This is due largely to the north- 
east trade winds and to the cold currents from the north Pacific, 
which cool the ocean about the islands, giving them a temperature 
10° lower than that of any other part of the world of the same lati- 
tude.^ The temperature at sea level averages about 75° F. through- 



1 See Bishop, S. E., Cold current system of the Pacific: Hawaiian Annual, 1905, p. 74. 



492 



WATER EESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



out the year, the warmest period being from May to September, wlieii 
a temperature of 90° may be reached. The temperature at sea level 
seldom goes below 55°, but at higher glevations it falls lower, freezing 
temperature being reached on the summits of the highest mountains. 

Snow is seldom if ever seen on the islands of Kauai and Oahu. 
Thunderstorms usually bring snow to Haleakala, on Maui, but these 
are of rare occurrence. Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Hualalai, on 
Hawaii, are usually crowned with snow during the winter, and snow 
was visible on the summit of Mauna Kea throughout the summer of 
1911. 

The United States Weather Bureau has obtained records of tem- 
perature at a number of its climatologic stations on the different 
islands. From these records the mean, maximum, and minimum 
temperatures have been compiled for each month during 1911 for a 
few stations which, although at low elevations, are representative of 
average conditions on the inhabited parts of the islands. 

Temperature (°F.) at stations on Hawaiian Islands, 1911. 

[Compaed from United States Weather Bureau records.] 

Mana Pump, Kauai. 

[Elevation, 30 feet.] 



Month. 



January... 
February a 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 



Mean. 



69.2 
70.7 
71.4 
73.2 
73.9 
76.0 
76.4 



High- 
est. 



Low- 
est. 



Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 



Month. 



August 6 

September c... 

October d 

November <* . . . 
December 

The year 



Mean. 



78.4 
78.2 
75.2 
73.0 
70.2 



73.8 



High- 
est. 



Low- 
est. 



Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 



26 



Makaweli, Eauai. 

[Elevation, 140 feet.] 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 



70.2 


81 


56 


24 


70.2 


82 


57 


23 


71.2 


83 


55 


22 


73.0 


86 


55 


27 


73.4 


85 


63 


21 


75.2 


86 


64 


19 


75.2 


85 


63 


20 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



78.2 
76.8 
75.6 
75.0 
73.0 



73.9 



Liihue, Eauai. 

[Elevation, 200 feet.] 



January . . . 
February « 

March 

April 

May 

Jime 

July 



68.4 


78 


52 


22 


67.6 


79 


54 


22 


69.2 


81 


53 


25 


71.3 


84 


51 


27 


72.4 


82 


61 


20 


75.1 


84 


65 


17 


76.2 


86 


64 


22 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year 



77.4 
76.2 
74.6 
72.8 
70.8 



72.6 



51 



27 



o Records for 3 days missing. 
* Records for 2 days missing, 
c Records for 4 days missing. 



d Records for 1 day missing. 
« Records for 7 days missing. 



TEMPEEATUKE. 



493 



Temperature (°F.) at stations on Hawaiian Islands, 1911 — Continued. 

Kilauea, Eauai. 

[Elevation, 342 feet.] 



Month. 


Mean. 


High- 
est. 


Low- 
est. 


Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 


Month. 


Mean. 


High- 
est. 


Low- 
est. 


Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 




68.2 
68.4 
69.6 
71.6 
72.6 
74.3 
75.1 


77 
82 
81 
84 
82 
82 
84 


57 
55 
57 
53 
61 
65 
65 


20 
24 
22 
22 
18 
15 
17 


August 


76.6 
74,9 
73.9 
72.5 
70.4 


88 
85 
-85 
85 
80 


66 
64 
60 
60 

57 


IS 


February 


September 

October 


16 
23 




November 

December 

The year . . 


22 


May 


18 






July 


72.3 


88 


53 


24 







Walanae, Oahu. 

[Elevation, 6 feet.] 



71.3 


83 


59 


21 


70.4 


82 


55 


26 


71.9 


85 


52 


26 


73.8 


86 


52 


25 


74.8 


87 


62 


22 


77.3 


89 


65 


23 


79.2 


90 


65 


25 



August 

September o 

October 

November" 

December 

The year. 



80.0 
79.3 
75.5 
74.8 
73.2 



75.1 



Honolulu, Oahu. 

[Elevation, 111 feet.] 



70.0 


79 


58 


15 


69.8 


78 


62 


14 


71.4 


80 


63 


15 


73.3 


82 


61 


16 


74.3 


84 


64 


15 


75.3 


82 


66 


12 


76.4 


84 


68 


13 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



78.1 
76.8 
75.2 
74.7 
72.4 



74.0 



85 



58 



Schofield Barracks, Oahu. 

[Elevation, 990 feet.] 



66.6 


80 


55 


18 


65.8 


78 


54 


24 


67.4 


79 


52 


22 


68.9 


80 


51 


23 


69.8 


81 


57 


20 


71.0 


81 


60 


20 


73.0 


89 


61 


27 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



74.0 
73.2 
71.2 
66.4 
68.1 



Tantalus, Oahu. 

[Elevation, 1,300 feet.] 



63.6 


71 


54 


15 


64.1 


74 


58 


14 


66.3 


75 


57 


15 


67.2 


84 


59 


18 


68.0 


76 


61 


13 


67.7 


74 


61 


12 


69.3 


78 


63 


10 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year. 



70.4 


78 


64 


69.1 


77 


64 


68.5 


76 


61 


67.4 


79 


62 


65.6 


72 


59 


67.3 


84 


54 



• Kecordsfor 1 day missing. 



494 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Teviperaturc {°F.) at stations on Haivaiian Islands, 1911 — Continued. 

Eaanapall, Maul. 

[Elevation, 12 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 









Great- 


Mean. 


High- 
est. 


Low- 
est. 


est 
daily 
range. 


70.2 


81 


57 


21 


70.4 


82 


58 


22 


71.4 


83 


58 


22 


74.0 


87 


60 


23 


76.0 


90 


62 


23 


77.3 


89 


64 


25 


79.2 


90 


66 


22 



Month. 



August 

September 

October 

November . . . . . 
December 

The year . 



Mean. 



80.0 
79.4 
76.5 
75.2 
73.0 



75.2 



High- 
est. 



Low- 
est. 



57 



Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 



Walluku, Maul. 

[Elevation, 250 feet.] 



January., 
February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 



68.8 


81 


56 


21 


69.2 


81 


56 


25 


69.8 


84 


57 


24 


72.2 


85 


60 


21 


73.0 


86 


63 


18 


74.1 


84 


65 


17 


75.5 


86 


67 


16 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



77.4 


89 


68 


75.8 


86 


67 


74.0 


86 


61 


72.8 


83 


62 


70.9 


80 


60 


72.8 


89 


56 



ITahika, Maul. 

[Elevation, 700 feet.] 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 



64.2 


79 


51 


21 


64.0 


88 


54 


21 


65.4 


82 


50 


24 


67.0 


80 


54 


19 


67.8 


80 


57 


23 


68.2 


80 


58 


20 


70.0 


83 


59 


20 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



71.0 


83 


60 


69.1 


82 


59 


67.8 


79 


56 


66.8 


77 


56 


65.5 


75 


55 


67.2 


83 


50 



Honomanu, Maui. 

[Elevation, 1,800 feet.] 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 



63.1 


75 


51 


16 


62.9 


75 


55 


16 


65.4 


79 


54 


20 


65.8 


81 


54 


17 


66.5 


75 


57 


16 


65.1 


73 


59 


11 


67.2 


82 


60 


23 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



68.0 


76 


' 61 


66.7 


75 


60 


66.4 


76 


59 


65.2 


75 


59 


63.6 


74 


58 


65.5 


82 


51 



HUo, Hawaii. 

[Elevation, 100 feet.] 



January. 
February 

March 

AprU 

May 

June 

July 



68.4 


82 


55 


25 


68.7 


81 


59 


19 


69.4 


83 


57 


23 


70.8 


82 


62 


17 


71.3 


82 


61 


17 


72.4 


84 


64 


18 


74.0 


88 


66 


17 



August 

Sep'tember 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



74.6 


84 


65 


73.8 


84 


62 


73.0 


83 


63 


71.4 


84 


63 


69.6 


81 


58 


71.4 


88 


55 



TEMPERATUEE. 



495 



Temperature {°F.) at stations on Hawaiian Islands, 1911 — Continued. 

Pahala, Hawaii. 

[Elevation, 850 feet.] 



Month. 



January . 
February- 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June 

July 



Mean. 



68.6 
68.4 
68.7 
71.2 
71.2 
72.1 
74.0 



High- 
est. 



Low- 
est. 



Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 



Month. 



August 

September 

October 

November 

December 

The year . 



Mean. 



75.2 
74.9 
73.0 
72.4 
72.0 



71.8 



High- 
est. 



Low- 
est. 



53 



Great- 
est 
daily 
range. 



Waimea, Hawaii. 

[Elevation, 2,720 feet.] 



January . 
February 
March . . . 

April 

May 

June .... 
July 



58.6 


73 


44 


21 


60.4 


74 


48 


20 


62.0 


75 


46 


19 


61.9 


76 


50 


21 


61.9 


76 


50 


19 


61.8 


72 


52 


16 


63.6 


80 


53 


20 



August 

September 

October 

November. . . .. 
December 

The year . 



65.1 


79 


54 


63.7 


78 


52 


64.2 


78 


53 


61.7 


76 


51 


60.4 


75 


49 


62.1 


80 


44 



Humuula, Hawaii. 

[Elevation, 6,685 feet.] 



January . . 
February . 

March 

April 

May 

Jurie 

July 



48.0 


63 


32 


27 


47.4 


65 


29 


31 


49.6 


64 


32 


30 




65 
64 


41 
39 


ii 


53.0 


54.8 


67 


42 


20 


56.8 


71 


39 


29 



August 

September 

October 

November a 

December 

The year . . 



58.7 


72 


43 


55.6 


68 


41 


57.6 


70 


45 


51.3 


66 


36 


47.5 


63 


6 35 


C52.8 


72 


29 



o Records for 1 day missing. 



» Eecords for 15 days only. 



e For 11 months. 



APPENDIX. 



PRONUNCIATION OF HAWAIIAN WORDS. 

All purely Hawaiian sounds are represented by 12 letters, none of 
which are ever silent, namely: a, e, h, i, k, 1, m, n, o, p, u, and w. 
The vowels are sounded as follows: a, as in father; e, as in they; 
i, as in machine; o, as in vote; and u, as in rule or as oo in moon, 
but not as u in mule. The consonants are sounded as in Enghsh 
except that w is really between English v and w and is sounded like 
V in the middle of words, especially in the last syllable. Ai, when 
sounded as a diphthong, resembles English ay in the word aye (yes) 
or i in bite, and au resembles ou in loud. 

Every word and syllable must end in a vowel. Two consonants 
never stand together without a vowel between, and all consonants 
are pronounced with the following vowel. Double vowels are pro- 
nounced in separate syllables. 

The accent is generally on the penult, but some words have the 
accent on the last syllable. 

Vowels are never slurred as in EngUsh. 



HAWAIIAN WORDS IN COMMON USE. 



Ae, yes. 

Akamai, smart, clever. 
Alanui, street, road. 
Alii, persons of high rank. 
Alo, front. 

Aloha, love (friendly salutation). 
Ann, cold. 
Anuenue, rainbow. 
Aole, no. 
Apana, district. 
Aupuni, government, nation. 
Auwai, ditch. 
Auwe, alas. 
Awakea, noon. 
Eleele, black. 
Hale, house. 
Halekuai, store. 
Halekula, schoolhouse. 
Halepule, church. 
Haole, white man, or foreigner. 
Hapa, half. 
496 



Hapahaole, half-white. 

Hanahana, to work. 

Hapai, lift up. 

Heiau, old native temple. 

Hele wawai, walk. 

Hiamoe, sleep. 

Hokele, hotel. 

Holoku, native dress, mother hubbard. 

Hoomalimali, to gain one's favor by false 

pretense. 
Huhu, angry. 
Hui, to unite, company. 
Hula, Hawaiian dance. 
Hull, to turn. 
Iki, little. 
Ilio, dog. 
Kaaahi, train. 
Kaa, carriage. 

Kahawai, natural watercourse. 
Kahuna, native witch doctor. 
Kahunapule, priest. 



HAWAIIAN WORDS. 



497 



Kai, sea. 

Kamaaina, old-timer, pioneer. 

Kamailio, talk. 

Kanaka, native, man. 

Kanaloa, doubtful. 

Kapu, sacred, keep out. 

Kapukahi, crooked, bent. 

Kaukau, to eat, food. 

Kaula, rope. 

Keiki, child. 

Keikikane, boy. 

Keikiwahine, girl. 

Kekee, ugly. 

Kela, that. 

Keokeo, white. 

Ko, sugar. 

Kokua, to assist, to help. 

Konohiki, landlord or his agent. 

Kope, coffee. 

Kuai, buy, sell. 

Kulikuli, keep still. 

La, sun. 

Lalo, below. 

Lanai, porch. 

Lani, heaven, sky. 

Lau, leaf. 

Lei, wreath. 

Lepo, earth, sand. 

Liilii, small. 

Likepu, the same. 

Lio, horse. 

Luau, native feat. 

Luna, superintendent, overseer. 

Maanei, here. 

Maemae, clean. 

Mahina, moon. 

Mahoe, twins. 

Mahope, by and by. 

Mai, come. 

Maikai, good. 

Maka, eye. 

Makai, toward the sea. 

Makau, afraid. 

Make, dead. 

Makeole, alive. 

Malaila, there. 

Malihini, stranger, tenderfoot. 

Maluna, above. 

Mamua, before, in front of. 

Mano, dam. 

Manoa, depth, thickness. 

74323°— wsp 318—13 — 



Manu, bird. 

Mauka, toward the mountains. 

Mauna, mountain. 

Mea, thing. 

Mele, Hawaiian music. 

Menehune, mythical dwarfs. 

Moa, chicken. 

Moana, ocean. 

Moi, king. 

Mokuahi, steamer. 

Manienie, plain, smooth. 

Nana, look. 

Nui, big, large. 

Ola, living. 

Opae, shrimpa. 

Pa, fence. 

Paaa, stony. 

Paakiki, hard, difficult. 

Pake, chinaman. 

Palaoa, bread. 

Pali, cliff. 

Papa, board, plank. 

Pau, done, finished. 

Pauloa, all. 

Peahi, fan. 

Pehea, how goes it? 

Pehea oe, how are you? 

Peia, thus. 

Pilau, offensive to sense of smell. 

Pilikia, trouble. 

Pipi, cow, beef. 

Pohaku, stone. 

Poho, to sink. 

Poi, native food. 

Polorei (?), straight. 

Poo, head. 

Popoki, cat. 

Puaa, hog. 

Pueo, owl. 

Puka, door, hole. 

Pupule, crazy, mad. 

Puu, hill, mount. 

Ua, rain. 

Ukana, load, cargo. 

Uku pau, job or piece work. 

Ulaula, red. 

Wahine, woman. 

Wai, water. 

Wailele, waterfall. 

Wela, hot. 

Wikiwiki, hurry up. 



-32 



498 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

MEANING OF GEOGRAPHIC NAMES.* 

Authorities say that it is difficult or impossible to translate many 
Hawaiian geographic names on account of their great antiquity 
and the changes which many of them have undergone. It often 
happens that different translations will result from dividing a word 
in different ways. Many names of places in Hawaii are common 
to the islands of other groups in the South Pacific. These names 
were probably brought by the earliest colonists and may or may 
not have had a recognized meaning at that time. They have been 
used in Hawaii for centuries since the coming of the first colonists 
without any thought of their original meaning. Most names of places 
in Hawaii, however, seem to represent some outstanding attribute 
of the place or to commemorate some occurrence or experience in 
the life of the people in connection with it. 

Some words embody the names of a person of whom no tradition 
remains; as Ka-wai-a-Hao, the water of Hao; Ka-puu-o-Uo, the 
hiU of Uo. 

Many names are evidently attributive, as Mauna Loa, long moun- 
tain; Mauna Kea, white mountain; Puu Ulaula, red hill; Ka-lae-loa, 
the long cape; Ke-ala-i-Kahiki, the way to Kahiki (Tahiti). 

The compounds of wai, water, are numerous: as Wai-okea, open 
water; Wai-aleale, rippling water; Wai-awa, bitter water; Wai-lua, 
two waters; Wai-manalo, brackish water; Wai-oli, singing water. 

Compounds of bono, an obsolete word for harbor, are also num- 
erous: as, Hono-lulu, quiet harbor or Fair Haven; Hono-malino, 
calm harbor; Hono-manu, bird harbor; Hono-uliuli, blue harbor, etc. 

The following refer to Honolulu and vicmity: Ka-imu-ki, the oven 
for cooking ti root; Ka-lihi, outside edge, or border valley; Ka-moo- 
iliili, the pebbly or stony strip; Ka-palama, guarded inclosure, or 
fence of lama wood; Ke-walo, outcry; Manoa, broad valley; Moana- 
lua, two oceans, referring to great expanse of level land and reef; 
Nuuanu, cool terraces; Palolo., clay valley; Puna-hou, new spring; 
Pu-o-waina, Punchbowl Hill, signifies the "hill of sacrifice or offer- 
ing;" and Wai-kiki, spurting water. 

GLOSSARY OF SOME GEOGRAPHIC NAMES.2 



A. 

Aa, root. 
A'a^, rough lava. 
Aala, fragrant. 
Ahi, fire. 
Ahina, gray. 



Ahua, a mound, a heap. 

Ahualoa, long mound. 

'Ai, food, to eat. 

Aiea, a shrub, Nothocastrum. 

'Aina, land. 

Ainakea, white land. 



' Alexander, W. D., Hawaiian geographic names: Ann. Rept. U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey for 
1902, Appendix 7, 1903, pp. 395-396. 
»Idem, pp. 396-425. 



GEOGEAPHIC NAMES. 



499 



Akahipuu, one hill. 

Akua, a spirit, a deity. 

Ala, way. 

Alaakua, path of goda. 

Alae, mud hen. 

Alaea, red ocher. 

Ala] a, a crow. 

Alalakeiki, the crying of children. 

Ale, a wave. 

Aleale, rippling. 

Alenuihaha, great waves pursuing. 

Alii, a chief. 

Alii Pun, royal hill. 

Ana, a cave. 

Anaana, to pray to death. 

Anae, a young mullet. 

Anahola, fish poison cave. 

Anahulu, ten days. 

Anu, cold. 

Anuenue, a rainbow. 

Ao, light. 

Apana, a district. 

Apua, cup. 

Au, a current, time. 

Auau, to bathe, currents. 

Auhau, a tax. 

Auhuhu, fish poison, Tephrosia piscatoria. 

Aupokopoko, short time. 

Auwaiolimu, mossy water ditch. 

Auwana, to wander. 

Awa, a harbor. 

Awa, a plant. Piper methysticum. 

Awakee, crooked harbor. 

Awalua, two harbors. 

Awawaiki, little valley. 

Awawaloa, long valley. 

E. 

Ea, a turtle. 

Eha, pain, sore. 

Ehoeho, a monument, cairn. 

Eleele, black. 

Eli, to dig, excavate. 

* 

H. 

Haaheo, (adj.) proud, pride. 

Haalele, to forsake. 

Haiki, narrow, close. 

Haku, lord. 

Hala, Pandanus tree. 

Hala, fault, defect. 

Halai, a calm. 

Halaula, red Hala, Pandanus. 



Hale, house. 

Haleaha, assembly house. 

Haleakala, house of the sun. 

Halehaku, master's house. 

Haleili, bark house. 

Haleili, skin house. 

Halekii, house of images. 

Halelea, house of joy. 

Halemano, shark's house. 

Halepuaa, hog's house. 

Halepuna, coral house. 

Haliimaile, to spread out maile vines. 

Haliu, to turn. 

Halulu, to roar, rumble. 

Hamakua, the back of the island. 

Hamakualoa, long Hamakua. 

Hamakuapoko, short Hamakua. 

Hamama, open. 

Hamo, to smear, anoint. 

Hana, to work. 

Hanalei, make a wreath. 

Hanapepe, to crush. 

Hanawana, whispering. 

Haole, white man, iron. 

Hapapa, shallow soil. 

Hau, dew, snow. 

Hau, a tree, Hibiscus tiliaceus. 

Hauula, red dew. 

Hee, to slide. 

Hee, a squid. 

Heeia, slide. 

Hele, to go. 

Hele, a trap. 

Hele Puu, traveler's hill. 

Helemano, to travel with thousands. 

Hihiu, wild. 

Hiki, to come. 

Hikina, east. 

Hilea, lazy. 

Hilo, name of an ancient navigator. 

Hina, to fall. 

Hina, (adj.) gray. 

Hiu, a fish's tail. 

Hoa, a friend. 

Hoalua, two friends. 

Hoku, a star. 

Hokumahoe, twin stars. 

Hokuula, red star. 

Hole, to peel, to flay. 

Holo, to run. 

Holua, a sliding place. 

Holualoa, long sled. 

Hono, a harbor. 

Honohina, Hina's harbor. 



500 



WATER RESOUECES OF HAWAII. 



Honoipu, calabash harbor. 

Honokahau, harbor of the hau tree. 

Honokahua, harbor of the fruit. 

Honokaia, fish harbor. 

Honokala, harbor of the sun. 

Honokalani, harbor of the chief. 

Honokane, harbor of cane. 

Honokawai, harbor of the water. 

Honokeana, harbor of the cave. 

Honokua, harbor of the back country. 

Honolua, two harbors. 

Honolulu, fair haven. 

Honomakau, fish hook. 

Honomalino, calm harbor. 

Honomanu, bird harbor. 

Honomu', harbor of the mu. 

Honopou, post harbor. 

Honopu, scorched. 

Honopueo, owl harbor. 

Honouliuli, blue harbor. 

Honu, a turtle. 

Honua, land. 

Honuapo, dark land. 

Honuaula, red land. 

Hoolawa, to complete. 

Hope, (adj.) after, last. 

Hopenui, great end. 

Hou, (adj.) new. 

Hu, to gush out, to spout. 

Hua, a fruit. 

Hu'a, sea foam. 

Hualele, flying seed. 

Hualua, two fruits. 

Hue, small gourd, Lagenaria vulgaris. 

Huelo, a tail. 

Huilua, two companies. 

Huli, to turn. 

Hulihana, seek for work 

Hulu, hair, feathers. 

Huluhulu Puu, hairy hill. 

Humuula, ax stone. 

Huna, secret. 

Hune, (adj.) poor, destitute. 

I. 

Ihe, a javelin. 

Ihu, nose, break. 

Iki, little. 

Hi, skin, a division of land. 

Iliahi, sandalwood. 

Iliili, pebbles. 

Iliililoa, long pebbly beach. 

Hio, dog. 



Hole, a mouse, rat. 
Iloli, odoriferous. 
Imu, an oven, 
lole, rat. 
Iwa, nme. 
Iwi, a bone. 

K. 
Ka, the. 
Kaa, to roll. 
Kaalaea, red ocher. 
Kaalawai, water way. 
Kaalualu, rough, uneven. 
Kaamola, turning round. 
Kaao, legend; calm; story. 
Kaapahu, cut square off. 
Kaauhuhu, the fish poison plant. 
Kaawikiwiki, roll quick. 
Kaeleku^, brittle. 
Kaena, room, northwest point. 
Kaeo, winner. 
Kahakuloa, the long rock. 
Kahala, the pandanus. 
Kahana, work. 

Kahanahaiki, narrow Kahana. 
Kahananui, great work. 
Kahanui, great mark. 
Kahauiki, small hau tree. 
Kahauloa, long hau tree. 
Kahawai, watercourse. 
Kahawaihapapa, shallow aqueduct. 
Kahe, to flow. 
Kahei, girdle. 
Kahiki, Tahiti. 
Kahikinui, great Tahiti. 
Kahiko, ancient. 
Kahili, fly brush. 
Kahoahuna, the hidden friend. 
Kaholo, the race, the running. 
Kahua, foundation, site. 
Kahue, the gourd. 
Kahui, junction. 
Kahuku, prominence. 
Kahuna, a priest. 
Kai, sea. » 

Kaiholena, banana. 
K^ihuiti, the small nose. 
Kaikahi, one sea. 
Kaikuono, bay. - 
Kailio, the dog. 

Kailiula, the red bark, red skin. 
Kailua, two seas. 
Kaimu^, the oven. 
Kaimuki, the oven for ti root. 
Kainalu, surf. 



GEOGEAPHIC NAMES. 



601 



Kainehe, the murmuring sea. 
Kaipapau, shallow sea. 
Kaiwi, the bone. 
Kaiwiki, quick sea. 
Kaiwilahilahi, the thin bone. 
Kakea, sugar loaf, 
Kakio, itch. 

Kala, (adj.) rough, prickly. 
Kala, end of a house. 
Kalae, the cape. 
Kalaehonu, cape of the turtle. 
Kalaeloa, the long cape. 
Kalaeokalaau, cape of the tree. 
Kalaeokapahu, cape of the drum. 
Kalaepohaku, rocky cape. 
Kalaheo, proud day. 
Kalahiki, the day of arrival. 
Kalala, the limb. 
Kalalau, blunder. 
Kalaloa, long day. 
Kalama, the torch. 
Kalamanamana, branching sun. 
Kalamaula, red torch. 
Kalapa, the ridge. 
Kalapamoa, the ridge of fowls. 
Kalaupapa, flat leaf of land. 
Kalawahine, woman's day. 
Kalehua, metrosideros tree. 
Kalehua-hakihaki, the broken metro- 
sideros tree. 
Kalepa, the flag. 
Kali, to wait. 
Kalihi, border, edge. 
Kalihikai, edge of the sea. 
Kalihiwai, edge of the water. 
Kaliu, bilgewater. 
Kaloi, taro patch. 
Kaloko, the fish pond. 
Kalokohonu, deep fish pond. 
Kalua, the pit or crater. 
Kaluahonu, deep pit. 
Kaluanui, great pit. 
Kalulu, calm. 
Kama, child. 
Kamalo', dry. 
Kamananui, great power. 
Kamani, a tree, Calophyllum inophyllum. 
Kamano, the shark. 
Kamaole, childless. 
Kamooakua, lizard god. 
Kamooiki, small lizard. 
Kamuku, cut short. 
Kanaueue, vibration, earthquake. 
Kaneloa, long cane. 



Kaneohe, bamboo cane. 

Kaohaoha, fond recollection. 

Kaohe, bamboo. 

Kaoma, oven. 

Kapaa, fast, firm. 

Kapaakea, whitish rock. 

Kapalama, fence of lama wood. 

Kapalepo, dijrty inclosure. 

Kapaloa, long inclosure. 

Kapano, dark colored. 

Kapapala, bird lime. 

Kapaula, red inclosure. 

Kapehu, swelling. 

Kapiwai, oozing water. 

Kapoho, chalk. 

Kapu, taboo. 

Kapua, flower. 

Kapuai, a foot. 

Kapualei, flower wreath. 

Kapukaiki, the small outlet. 

Kapuna, spring. 

Kapunakea, whitish limestone. 

Ka-u, the breast. 

Kaua, war. 

Kauamanu, war of birds. 

Kauaula, red war. 

Kauhale, village. 

Kauhiula, red yam. 

Kauku, the flea. 

Kaulana, famous. 

Kaumaha, heavy. 

Kaumalumalu, shady place. 

Kaupakulua, two ridgepoles. 

Kawai, the water. 

Kawaihae, wild stream. 

Kawaihoolana, the buoyant water. 

Kawaiiki, little water. 

Kawaikapu, forbidden water. 

Kawailoa, long water. 

Kawainui, great water. 

Kawaiolena, yellow. 

Kawaluna, upper space. 

Kawanui, great time. 

Kawela, heat, or hot. 

Kea, white, 

Kea Mauna, white mountain, 

Kea Puu, white hill. 

Keaa, burning. 

Keahua, mound or hillock. 

Kealahewa, wrong way. 

Kealahou, new road. 

Kealaikahiki, the way to Tahiti. 

Kealakaha, marked way. 

Kealakekua, path of the gods. 



502 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



Kealakomo, entering way. 

Kealia, salt pan. 

Keana, cave. 

Keanae, mullet. 

Keauhou, new time. 

Keawanui, great harbor. 

Keawaula, red harbor. 

Kee, crooked. 

Keekee, crooked. 

Kekualele, meteor, shooting star. 

Kele, muddy. 

Keokea, white. 

Ke'oke'o, white. 

Keolu, pleasant. 

Keoneula, red sand. 

Keopu, belly. 

Kepio, captive. 

Kepuhi, eel. 

Kewalo, outcry. 

Ki, a plant, Cordyline lerminalis. 

Kihe, sneeze. 

Kii, an image. 

Kikala, hips. 

Kiki, to plaster the hair with lime. 

Kilohana, surpassing. 

Kilolani, astrologer. 

Kini (adj.), numerous. 

Kipapa, pavement. 

Kapi (adj.), rebellious. 

Ko, sugar cane. 

Koa, a tree. Acacia koa. 

]S;oa, a warrior. 

Koae, the tropic bird. 

Koaie, a species of koa tree. 

Koekoe, cold. 

Kohana, naked. 

Koheo, stiff. 

Kohola, a whale. 

Koholalele, leaping whale. 

Ko^i, an ax. 

Koko, blood. 

Koko, a calabash net. 

Kole, red, raw, uncooked. 

Kolea, plover. 

Kolekole, red earth, 

Koloa, wild duck. 

Kolu, three. 

Komo, to enter. 

Kona, leeward. 

Koolau, windward. 

Koolauloa, long Koolau. 

Koolaupoko, short Koolau, 

Kopili, white kapa. 

Kou, a tree, Cordia suhcordata. 



Kowa, a channel. 

Kowali, a swing rope. 

Kua, a back, a ridge. 

Kualoa, long ridge. 

Kuhua, hard, thick, as a liquid. 

Kukai Puu, dunghill. 

Kukui, a tree, Aleurites moluccana. 

Kukuikea, white Kukui. 

Kukuiula, red Kukui. 

Kukuluaeo, stilts, the stilt plover. 

Kula, dry upland. 

Kulani (Hill), heavenly stand. 

Kumu, foundation, the trunk of a tree, 

Kumukumu, short stumps. 

Kumunui, great foundation. 

Kumuula, red stump. 

Kunu, cough. 

Kupua, a magician, wizard. 



La, the sun. 

Laa, sacred. 

Laau, a tree, a plant, 

Laaumama, light tree. 

Lae, a cape. 

Lahilahi, thin. 

Lahui, a nation, a tribe, 

Laie, leaf of le, Freycinetia, 

Laimi, day of seeking. 

Lala, a branch. 

Lama, a torch, a tree, Maba sandvdcensis. 

Lamaloloa, long torch. 

Lamanui, great torch. 

Lani, the sky, heaven. 

Lapa, a narrow ridge. 

Lapakea, white ridge. 

Lau, a leaf. 

Launiupoko, short coconut leaf, 

Laupahoehoe, lava leaf. 

Lehu, ashes. 

Lei, a wreath, 

Lele, to fly, leap. 

Lena, yellow. 

Leo, voice. 

Lepo, dirt. 

Lepoloa, very dirty. 

Lihi, edge. 

Lilinoe, mist, fine rain. 

Lima, hand. 

Limu, moss. 

Liu, bilge water. 

Loa, long. 

Loa Puu, long hill, 

Loi, a taro patch. 



GEOGRAPHIC NAMES. 



503 



Loihi, long. 

Loko, a fislipond. 

Lua, a crater, a pit. 

Lua, two. 

Luahine Puu, old woman's hill. 

Luku, slaughter. 

Lulu, to sow. 

Lupe, a kite. 

Luu, to dive. 

M. 

Maalo, to pass by. 

Mahana, warm. 

Mahoe, a twin. 

Mahoe Puu, twin hills. 

Mahukona, leeward stream or smoke. 

Mahuku, to run away, desert. 

Maile, a plant, Alyxia olivxformis. 

Maka, an eye. 

Makaeha, sore eye. 

Makaha, robbery. 

Makanalua, two presents. 

Makani, wind. 

Makapala, ripe. 

Makapuu, on the hill. 

Makau, a fishhook. 

Makaula, prophet. 

Makawao, on the upland. 

Makaweli, fearful eye. 

Makena, mourning for the dead. 

Makole; sore eye. 

Makua, parent. 

Malama, month. 

Mdlama, to take care of. 

Malino, calm. 

Maloo, dry. 

Main, shade. 

Mamalu, shade, screen. 

Mana, crumb of food, power. 

Manalo, brackish. 

Manawai, a branch of a stream. 

Manawainui, great time. 

Maneoneo, a beach grass. 

Maneoneo, to itch. 

Manienie, smooth, bermuda grass. 

Mano, a shark. 

Manoa, thick, broad. 

Manu, a bird. 

Manu Puu, bird hill. 

Mau, perpetual. 

Maulua, hard, difficult. 

Maumau, firm, perpetual. 

Mauna, a mountain. ■■ 



Mauna Kea, white mountain. 

Maunalei, mountain of wreatha. 

Mauna Loa, long mountain. 

Maunalua, two mountains. 

Maunaoni, moving mountain. 

Maunauna, waste. 

Mauu, grass. 

Meha, lonely. 

Mikimiki, brisk, quick. 

Mo'a, cooked. 

Moa, a fowl. 

Moakea, white fowl. 

Moana, ocean. 

Moanalua, two oceana. 

Moanalulu, smooth ocean. 

Moanui, great fowl. 

Moaula, red fowl. 

Moe, to lie down, to sleep. 

Moho, a wingless bird. 

Moku, an island, a district. 

Mokuhonua, district of level land. 

Mokuia, cut, divided. 

Mokuleia, a kind of fish. 

Mokupapa, level district. 

Mokupuni, an island. 

Moo, a lizard, a narrow strip of land. 

Mooloa, long strip. 

Muku, cut short. 

Muliwai, a river. 

N. 

Nahiku, seven lands. 

Naholoku, the garments. 

Nailiilipoko, short pebbles. 

Nakukuikea, white Kukui. 

Nakula, uplands. 

Nana, to look. 

Naniumalu, shady coconut trees. 

Nanue, to shake, tremble. 

Na Pali, the precipices. 

Nawiliwili, wiliwili tree, Erythrina. 

Nene, the wild goose. 

Nene Puu, goose hill. 

Nienie, smooth, calm. 

Niho, a tooth. 

Niu, a coconut tree. 

Niulii, small coconut tree. 

Niumalu, shady coconut tree. 

Niupuka, coconut tree with a hole 

through it. 
Noho, to sit, to remain. 
Nohoiki, little seat. 
Nui, great. 



504 



WATEE RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 



Nuku, bill of a bird. 

Nuku, a narrow entrance of a river or 

harbor. 
Nuu, a terrace, steps. 
Nuuanu, cool terraces. 
Nuuanu Pali, cool terraces cliffs. 

O. 

Ohe, bamboo. 

Ohia, a tree, Metrosideros, also Eugenia. 

Ohia Puu, hill of the Ohia, Tantalus. 

Ohulehule Puu, bald hill. 

Oio, a procession of ghosts. 

Ola, life. 

Olelo, to speak, a word. 

Olelomoana, voice from the ocean. 

Olepe, an oyster. 

Oli, to sing. 

Olohe, naked. 

One, sand. ' 

Oneloa, long sand beach. 

Ono, sweet. 

Oo, ripe. 

Oo, a bird, Acrulocercus nobilis, from which 

yellow feathers were taken. 
Opae, a shrimp. 
Opaeula, red shrimp. 
Opea, a cross. 
Opipi, a shellfish. 
Opu, the belly. 



Pa, a fence, an inclosure. 

Paa, fast, secure. 

Paakea, limestone. 

Paauau, bathing inclosure. 

Paauhau, tax yard, 

Pae, to land. 

Paheehee, slippery. 

Pahoa, dagger. 

Pahoehoe, smooth lava. 

Pahu, a stake, a box. 

Paia, fish yard. 

Paihi, a place where there is a waterfall 

only in rainy weather. 
Pailolo, channel. 
Paina, eating. 
Pala, a kind of fern. 
Pala, ripe. 

Palaau, wooden fence. 
Pali, a precipice. 
Palikea, whitish precipice. 
Palolo, clay. 



Pamoa, hen yard. 

Papa, flat, level. 

Papaa, tight, secure. 

Papaaloa, dried up, long, tight. 

Papai, a crab. 

Papohaku, stone wall. 

Pau, done, finished. 

Pauku, a piece. 

Pauku iki, small piece. 

Pauku nui, great piece. 

Pauwela, burned up. 

Pawaa, wild. 

Peahi, beckon. 

Pelekunu, strong-smelling. 

Piapia, sore eye. 

Piha, full. 

Pii, to ascend. 

Piihonua, rising land. 

Po, night. 

Poe, round. 

Pohakea, white rock. 

Pohaku, a rock. 

Pohakuau, swimming rock. 

Pohakuhaku, rocky. 

Pohakuloa, long rock. 

Poho, a dead calm. 

Poh6, to sink. 

Pohue, a kind of vine, Ipomea pescapras. 

Pokakupuka, pierced rock. 

Poko, short. 

Pola, the platform of a double canoe. 

Polapola, flowing robe. 

Polipoli, soft, porous rock. 

Poloke, fresh poi. 

Pololu, spear. 

Pouo, right. 

Po'o, head. 

Poopuaa, hog's head. 

Pou, post. 

Poupou, short. 

Pua, a flower. 

Puaa, a hog. 

Puaaloa, long pig. 

Puakea, pale, whitish. 

Puako, sugar-cane flower. 

Puanui, great flower. 

Puehu, to scatter. 

Pueo, an owl. 

Pueokahi, place of ow Is. 

Pubalanui, great Paudanus tree. 

Puhi, an eel, to blow. 

Puiwa, fright. 

Puka, an opening, a door. 

Pukalani, heavenly door. 



GEOGRAPHIC NAMES. 



605 



Puleliu, t( bake. 

Puna, lime, coral. 

Punaluu, coral dived for. 

Punaula, red coral. 

Puowaina, hill of sacrifice. 

Pupil, a shell. 

Pupukea, white shell. 

Puu, a hill. 

Piiua, rain hill. 

Puuhune, hill of poverty. 

Puuiki, small hill. 

Puukala, rough hill. 

Puukole, red, or bare hill. 

Puulani, heavenly hill. 

Puulena, cool breeze. 

Puuloa, long hill. 

Puunui, big hill. 

Puuwaawaa, hill furrowed with gulches. 

U. 

U, the breast of a woman. 

Ua, rain. 

Uliane, a ghost. 

Uhi, a yam. 

Uhi, to cover. 

Uka, inland. 

Ula and Ulaula, red. 

Ulaula Puu, red hill. 

Uli and Uliuli, blue. 

Ulu, a breadfruit tree. 

Ulumalu, shady breadfruit trees. 

Umauma, breast. 

Upena, a net. 

Uuku, little. 

W. 

Waa, a canoe, a furrow, channel. 
Waawaa, gullied, furrowed. 
^\kha, a mouth. 
Wahiawa, place of awa. 
Wahie, firewood. 
Wahikuli, deaf place. 
Wai, water. 

Waihu, a gushing fountain. 
Waiaka, laughing water. 
Waiakalna, water of the crater. 
Waiakea, open water. 
Waialae, water of the mud hen. 
Waialeale, rippling water. 
Waialua, two waters. 
Waianu, cold water. 



Waiapuka, deceitful water. 
Waiau, water to swim in. 
Waiau Loko, pond of water, 
Waiawa, bitter water. 
Waiea, water of the turtle. 
Waiehu, clear water. 
Waieli, water dug for. 
Waihee, water of flight. 
Waihi, waterfall. 
Waihonu, deep water. 
Waikaalulu, quick water. 
Waikaliekahe, flowing water. 
Waikane, water of cane. 
Waikapu, forbidden water. 
Waikele, muddy water. 
Waikiki, spurting water. 
Waikoekoe, chilly water. 
Waikoko, bloody water. 
Waikoloa, wild duck water. 
Waikolu, three waters. 
Wailau, four hundred streams. 
Wailau, many waters. 
Wailea, water of pleasure. 
Wailele, waterfall. 
Wailoa, long water. 
Wailua, two waters. 
Wailuaiki, little two waters. 
Wailuku, bloody or dirty water. 
Waimalu, shaded water. 
Waimanalo, brackish water. 
Waimano, many waters. 
Waimauu, bird water. 
Waimea, a kind of tree. 
Waimuku, water cut short. 
Wainaku, water of rushes. 
Wainiha, rude, wild water. 
Waiohinu, water of slime. 
Waioli, singing water. 
Waiomao, green water. 
Waioni, moving water. 
Waiono, sweet water. 
Waiopua, water of flowers. 
Waipio, curving water. 
Waipouli, water of darkness. 
Waipunalei, spring of wreaths. 
Waipunaula, red spring of water. 
Wanana, a prophecy. 
Wela, hot. 
Weliweli, terrible. 
Weliwelinui, great terror. 
Wiki, quick, swift. 



506 



WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 



PRINCIPAL WATERCOURSES, BY ISLANDS. 
KAUAL 

[Streams are arranged counterclockwise, beginning at the west. Tributaries indicated by indention.) 



Waimea River. 

Halemanu Stream. 
Kokee Stream. 
Poomau River. 

Kauaikanana Stream. 
Kawaikoi Stream. 

Waiakoali Stream. 
Mohihi Stream. 
Koaie River. 
Waialae River. 
Mokihana Stream. 
Makaweli River. 

Makuone Stream. 
Halekua Stream. 
Olokele River. 

Kahana Stream. 
Waipau Gulch. 
Aakukui Gulch. 
Mahinauli Gulch. 
Hanapepe River. 
Hiloa Stream. 
Manuahi Stream, 
Wahiawa Stream. 
Lawai Stream. 
Waikomo Stream. 
Huleia River. 

Kamooloa Stream. 
Haleaanahu Stream. 
Nawiliwili Stream. 
Hanamaula Stream. 
Wailua River. 

South Fork of Wailua River. 
Waiahi Stream. 



Wailua River — Continued. 

North Fork of Wailua River. 
Uhau lole Stream. 
Keahua Stream. 
Kawi Stream. 

Opaikaa Stream, 
Konohiki Stream. 
Kaehulua Stream. 
Kapaa River. 

Kapahi Stream, 

Kealia Stream. 
Anahola River. 

Keaoopu Stream. 
Papaa Stream. 
Moloaa Stream. 
Kilauea River. 
Pookumu Stream. 
Kalihiwai River. 
Anini Stream. 
Hanalei River. 
Waioli Stream, 
Waipa Stream. 
Lumahai River. 
Wainiha River. 
Limaluli Stream. 
Hanakapiai Stream. 
Hanakoa Stream. 
Kalalau Stream. 
Honopu Valley. 
Awaawapuhi Valley. 
Nuulolo Valley. 
Kaahole Valley. 
Milolii Valley. 
Makaha Valley. 



OAHtr. 



[Streams are arranged in clockwise order, beginning at the southeast.] 



Waialae Stream. 
Palolo Stream. 

Waiomao Stream. 

Pukele Stream, 
Manoa Stream. 
Makiki Stream. 
Nuuanu Stream. 

Pauoa Stream. 

West Branch of Nuuanu Stream. 
KaUhi Stream. 
Moanalua Stream, 
Halawa Stream. 



Aiea Stream. 
Kalauao Stream. 
Waimalu Stream, 
Waiawa Stream. 

Manana Stream, 
Waipahu Stream. 

Kipapa Gulch. 

Waikakalaua Stream, 

Waieli Gulch. 
Honouliuli Gulch, 
Mailiilii Stream. 
Waianae Stream. 



PEINCIPAL WATEECOUESES. 



607 



Makaha Stream. 
Kaukonahua Stream. 

North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream. 

South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream. 

Waikoloa Gulch. 

Mohiakea Gulch. 

Pulee Gulch. 

Poamoho Stream. 
Helemano Stream. 
Opaeula Stream. 
Anahulu Stream. 
Waimea River. 
Kaipapau Stream. 
Hauulu Stream. 
Kaluanui Stream. 
Punaluu Stream. 



Kahana Stream. 
Waikane Stream. 
Waiahole Stream. 

Waihi Stream. 

Halona Stream. 

Waianu Stream. 
Kaalaea Stream. 
Waihee Stream. 
Kahaluu Stream. 
Heeia Stream. 
Kaneohe Stream. 

Kawa Stream. 
Kailua Stream. 

Kahanaiki Stream. 
Waimanalo Stream. 



MAUI. 

[Streams are arranged as follows: West Maui, clockwise beginning at Waihee Stream at the northeast; East 
Maui, from west to east, and from Hana, west.] 



WEST MAUI. 

Waihee Stream. 
Waiehu Stream. 

North Waiehu Stream. 

South Waiehu Stream, 
lao Stream. 
Waikapu Stream. 
Manawainui Gulch. 
Ukumehame Stream. 
Olowalu Stream. 
Ijauniupoko Stream. 
Kauaula Stream. 
Kahoma Stream. 

I.ahainaluna Stream. 
Wahikuli Gulch. 
Honokart^ai Stream. 
Mailepai Stream. 
Honokahua Stream. 
Honolua Stream. 
Honokahau Stream. 
Keawalua Stream. 
Poelua Stream. 
Hononana Stream. 
Waihale Stream. 
Kahakuloa Stream. 
Mana Stream. 
Makamakaole Stream. 

EAST MAUI. 

Maliko Gulch. 

West Kuiaha Stream. 

Lilikoi Stream. 
East Kuiaha Stream. 



Manawaiiao. 
Uaoa Stream. 
Halehaku Stream. 

Opana Stream. 
Kapaalalaea Stream. 
Honopou Stream. 
Hoolawa Stream. 

Hoolawanui Stream. 

Hoolawaliilii Stream. 
Huelo Stream. 
Hoalua Stream. 
Hanawana Stream. 
Kailua Stream. 

Oanui Stream. 
Nailiilihaele Stream. 
Nailiilihaeleliilii Stream. 
Papaaea Stream. 
Oopuola Stream. 
Punaluu Stream. 
Kolea Stream. 
Waikamoi Stream. 

Alo Stream. 
Puohakamoa Stream. 
Haipuaena Stream. 
Kolea Stream. 
Honomanu Stream. 

Ulawina Stream. 
Nuaailua Stream. 
West Keanae Stream. 
East Keanae Stream. 
Wailuanui Stream. 
West Wailuaiki Stream. 
East Wailuaiki Stream. 



508 



WATEE KESOURCES OF HAWAII. 



Kopiliula Stream. 
Waiohue Stream. 
Paakea Stream. 
Waiaaka Stream. 
Kahaula Stream. 
Hanawi Gulch. 
Makapipi Gulcli. 
Kahawaihapapa Gulch. 
Kawaipapa Gulch. 
Waikapaia Gulch. 
Waiohomi Gulch. 
Mooiki Gulch. 
Kahanaiokapia Gulch. 
Waiohonu Gulch. 
Pukuilua Gulch. 
Papahanahana Gulch. 
Alaaloula Gulch. 
Waikakoi Gulch. 
Paihi Gulch. 



Manamana Stream. 
Honolewa Stream. 
Waieli Stream. 
Kaili Stream. 
Hahalawe Stream. 
Maluhonaiwi Stream. 
Puaaluu Stream. 
Oheo Stream. 
Kalewa Stream. 
Koukouai Stream. 
Opelu Stream. 
Kuikuiula Stream. 
Lelekeanu Stream. 
Lelekeoili Stream. 
Alelele Stream. 
Kalepa Stream. 
Nuanualoa Stream. 
Mokulau Stream. 
Manawainui Stream. 



HAWAU. 



[Streams are arranged from south to north, beginning at Hilo.J 



Wailuku River. 

Kapehu Stream. 

Awehi Stream. 
Pukihae Stream. 
Pohakunanaka Stream. 
Honolii River. 

Maili Stream. 

Kikola Stream. 

Pohakupaa Stream. 
Kumunuiakea Stream. 
Waipahoehoe Stream. 
Kapue (or Papaikou) Stream. 
Kaieie Stream. 
Aleamai Stream. 
Kalaoa Stream. 
Hanawai Stream. 
Onomea Stream.. 
Kawainui River. 
Waiaama Stream. 
Pepeekeo Stream, 
Kapeha Stream. 
Makoewai Stream. 
Makea Stream. 
Honomu Stream. 
Kapahehe Stream. 
Kolekole Stream. 
Kaahakini Stream. 
Hakalau Stream. 
Umauma Stream. 

Haunapueo Stream. 

Wailua Stream. 



Eeliui (Peleau) Stream. 
Opea Stream. 
Nanue Stream. 
Waiehu Stream. 
Waikaumalo Stream. 
Waimalino Stream. 
Pulili Stream. 

Kaleiiki Stream. 

Kapena Stream. 
Waikola Stream. 
Kaoheiki Stream. 
Ninole Stream. 
Puuohua Stream. 
Manoloa Stream. 
Poopoo Stream. 
Kahina Pukii Stream. 
Ahole Stream. 
Papaa (Kulanakii) Stream. 
Pohakupuka Stream. 
Huliilii Stream. 
Okole Stream. 
Puu Olii Stream. 
Maulua Stream. 
Koheaka Stream. 
Weloka Stream. 
Keaalau Stream. 
Kapehu Stream. 
Moanalulu Stream. 
Papaaloa Stream. 
Kihalani Stream. ' 
Hokumahoe Stream. 



GAZETTEEK. 



509 



Manowaiopae Stream. 

Puu Alaea Stream. 

Kilau Stream. 

Laupahoehoe Gulch. 

Waipunalei Gulch. 

Kawalii Gulch. 

Ookala Gulch. 

Paauilo Gulch. 

Numerous gulches between Ookala Gulch 

and Waipio River dry, except during or 

immediately after storms. 
Waipio River. 

Kawainui Stream. 



Waipio River — Continued. 
Alakahi Stream. 
Koiawe Stream. 
Waima Stream. 
Numerous small streams from Waipio 

River to Waimanu Stream. 
Waimanu Stream. 
Streams between Waimanu and Awini 

Streams. 
Awini Stream. 
Honokane Stream. 
Pololu Stream. 
Small streams north of Pololu Stream. 



GAZETTEER. 

Aahoaka, prominent hill, Lihue district, Kauai; between North and South forks of 

Wailua River; elevation, 805 feet. 
Aakukui, gulch, Waimea district, Kauai. 
Ahole, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea south 

of Maulua Gulch. 
Ahukini, sugar and freight landing on Hanamaulu Bay, Kauai. 
Aiea, land division in Government ownership, Ewa district, Oahu. 
Aiea, village and post office on East Loch of Pearl Harbor, Oahu; site of Honolulu 

Plantation Co.'s mill. 
Alakahi, tributary of Waipio River, Hamakua district, Hawaii; rises on northeastern 

slope of Kohala Mountains, entering Waipio River from the west. 
Alakai, swamp in extreme northern part of Waimea River basin; drains southward 

through tributaries of Waimea River. 
Alalakeiki, channel between Maui and Kahoolawe Islands; width, 6 sea miles. 
Aleamai, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering sea 

north of Papaikou. 
Alelele, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southwestern slope of Haleakala; 

flows southward into sea west of Kipahulu. 
Alenuihaha, channel between Maui and Hawaii Islands; width, 26 sea miles. 
Aliapaakai, salt lake near sea level in old crater, west of Honolulu, Oahu. 
Aliomanu, land division partly in Government ownership; Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Alo, small stream, Hana district,- Maui; rises on northerii slope of Haleakala; flows 

northeastward into Waikamoi Stream from the east; water taken into Spreckels 

ditch at Alo division weir. 
Amalu, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of West Maui, 

tributary to Honokawai Stream from the north. 
Anahola, bay at mouth of Anahola Stream, northeast Kauai. 
Anahola, land division in Government ownership, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Anahola, stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; rises on northern slope of Pueo Peak; 

flows eastward into Anahola Bay; water used for cane and rice irrigation. 
Anahola, village and landing on Anahola Bay, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Anahulu, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in northern Koolau Mountains; flows 

northwestward into Waialua Harbor; water used for cane irrigation. 
Apua, land division in Government ownership. Puna district, Hawaii. 
Auau, channel between Maui and Lanai Islands; width, 7 sea miles. 
Auwahi, large land division, Hana district, Maui. 
A^wawaloa. (See Olympus.) 
Awehi, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on southeastern slope of Mauna 

Kea; flows southeastward, entering Wailuku Stream from the north. 



510 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Awini, stream, Kohala district, Hawaii; rises on northern slope of Kohala Mountains; 

flows northward into sea east of Honokane Gulch. 
Barber's Point. (See Laeloa.) 
Barking Sands, range of windblown sand hills extending half a mile northward 

from Nohili Point, west Kauai. When thoroughly dry these sands emit a variety 

of resonant sounds whenever the grains are disturbed ; this phenomenon is a rare 

one, said to be common to only a few places in the world. 
Center ditch, diversion from Puohakamoa Stream, East Maui, extending westward 

across country on a gentle grade to Nailiilihaele Stream at the intake of Haiku 

and Lowrie ditches, and intercepting the various streams on its way. 
China, ditch, Hanalei district, Kauai; diverts water from the west side of Hanalei 

River for rice irrigation. 
Diamond Head (Leahi), prominent picturesque tufa-cone crater, forming most 

southern point of Oahu, just east of the city of Honolulu; the rim of the crater is 

a complete circle, with the highest point on the south side (elevation, 761 feet); 

lighthouse and military reservation from which firing of all forts on Oahu can be 

directed. 
Eah.ua, land division, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 
Eehui, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering sea near 

Honohina. 
Eke, crater peak on West Maui, a few miles north of Puu Kukui; elevation, 4,500 feet. 
Eleele, ditch, Koloa district, Kauai; diverts water from the west side of Wahiawa 

Stream for cane irrigation. 
Eleele, landing on Hanapepe Bay, South Kauai. 
Eleele, village and post office, Koloa district, Kauai. 
Ewa, district, in city and county of Honolulu; political subdivision in south-central 

Oahu; population (1910), 14,627. 
Ewa Mill, town and post office, Ewa district, Oahu; site of Ewa Plantation Co.'s mill. 
Glenwood, village and terminus of Volcano branch of Hilo Railroad, about 9 miles 

from Kilauea Volcano. 
Haena, caves in cliff on Haena coast, north Kauai; large unexplored caves at sea 

level filled with sweet water; visited by tourists. 
Haena, land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 
Haena, point west of Hanalei Bay, north Kauai. 
Hahalawe, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southeastern slope of Halea- 

kala; flows southeastward into sea east of Kipahulu. 
Haiku, land division, Makawao district, Maui. 
Haiku, large land division, Lihue district, Kauai. 
Haiku, ditch. East Maui; heads in Nailiilihaele Stream near Kailua; extends 

westward across country on a rather steep grade to cane lands in the vicinity of 

Spreckelsville and Puunene, intercepting all streams on the way; length, about 

30 miles; one of the earlier ditches on East Maui, now being reconstructed. 
Haiku, village and post ofiice, just east of Maliko Gulch, Maui. 
Haipuaena, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; flows 

northeastward into sea; supplies water to Spreckels ditch. 
Hakalau, land division, North Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Hakalau, small bay at mouth of Hakalau Gulch, east Hawaii. 
Hakalau, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 

flows northeastward into sea at Hakalau. 
Hakalau, village, post office, and freight landing, South Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Halawa, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 
Halawa, large land division, eastern Molokai. 
Halawa, stream, eastern Molokai; rises at about 3,000 feet elevation; flows noth- 

eastward into sea through Hawala Gulch; water used for taro irrigation. 



GAZETTEEE. 511 

Halawa, stream, Ewa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows southwest- 
ward through Halawa Gulch to East Loch of Pearl Harbor; part of freshet flow used 
for cane irrigation. 

Haleakala, crater. East Maui; largest extinct crater in the world; area, 19 square 
miles; circumference, 20 miles; extreme length, 7.48 miles; extreme width, 2.37 
miles; elevation of summit, 10,032 feet; depth, 2,000 feet. 

Haleakala, extinct volcanic mountain of East Maui; elevation of highest point, 10,032 
feet; has largest crater in the world. 

Halehaku, large land division, Makawao district, Maui. 

Halehaku, stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northward into sea through a deep gulch, contributing water to several of 
the East Maui ditches; principal tributary, Opana Stream, which enters from the 
west. 

Haleiwa, village and post office, Waialua district, Oahu. 

Halemanu, peak at upper end of Waimea Canyon, Kauai; elevation, 3,700 feet. 

Halemanu, small stream, upper Waimea basin, Kauai; westernmost tributary of 
Waimea River. 

Halemauraau, pit and lake of fire in floor of Kilauea Crater, Hawaii; level and 
dimensions of lake vary from time to time; ordinarily, level is about 250 feet 
below the rim of the pit, and the dimensions, 250 by 400 feet. 

Hamakua, district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in windward northern 
Hawaii; population (1910), 9,037. 

Hamakua (New), ditch, Hamakua district, Hawaii; diverting water from branches 
of Waipio River at about 1,000 feet elevation for cane irrigation. 

Hamakua (New), ditch, east Maui; begins at Alo division weir at the west end of 
Koolau ditch, taking two-thirds of the Koolau ditch water; extends westward 
across country on a gentle grade to serve the higher cane lands above Hamakua- 
poko, and the area to the west, intercepting all streams from Nailiilihaele west- 
ward. 

Haraakua (Old), ditch, east Maui; intake, originally in Nailiilihaele Stream, now 
abandoned as far as Lupi, where it crosses the New Hamakua ditch; extends 
westward from Lupi across country on steep grade to cane lands near Hamakua- 
poko. 

Ham,akua (Upper), ditch, Hamakua district, Hawaii; diverting water from branches 
of Waipio River at a high elevation for fluming and irrigation purposes. 

Hamakualoa, name of an old district on northeast slope of Haleakala, East Maui; 
now included in Makawao district. 

Hamakuapoko, land division, Makawao district, Maui. 

Hamakuapoko, name of an old district on northern slope of Haleakala, East Maui; 
now included in Makawao district. 

Hamakuapoko, village and post office, Makawao district, Maui; site of Maui Agri- 
cultural Co.'s mill. 

Hana, bay and landing, at eastern end of Maui. 

Hana, district, Maui County; political subdivision in southeastern Maui; population 
(1910), 3,241. 

Hana, village and post office, at east end of Maui; site of Kaeleku Sugar Co.'s mill. 

Hanahanapuni, a hill on divide between North and South forks of Wailua River, 
Kauai; elevation, 911 feet. 

Hanakaoo, land division, Lahaina district, Maui. 

Hanakapiai, short stream, Napali section, Hanalei district, Kauai; flows northward 
into sea. 

Hanakoa, short stream, Napali section, Hanalei district, Kauai; flows northward 
into sea. 

Hanalei, bay at mouth of Hanalei River, north Kauai. 



512 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Hanalei, district, Kauai County; political subdivision in northern Kauai; popula- 
tion (1910), 2,457. 

Hanalei, large land division, chiefly in Government ownership, Hanalei district, 
Kauai. 

Hanalei, large stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; navigable for short distance above 
mouth; rises on northern slope of Waialeale; flows northward into Hanalei Bay; 
receives numerous short tributaries from east and west; water used for large area 
of rice land in Hanalei Valley. 

Hanalei, village, post office, and landing, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Hanamaulu, stream, Lihue district, Kauai; rises on northern slope of Kilohana 
Crater; flow seastward into Hanamaulu Bay; water used for rice irrigation in 
lower part of valley. 

Hanamaulu, bay at mouth of Hanamaulu Stream, east Kauai. 

Hanamaula, ditch, Lihue district, Kauai; diverts water from the south side of South 
Fork of ^^'ailua River for cane irrigation. 

Hanamaulu, large land division, Lihue district, Kauai. 

Hanamaulu, village, Lihue district, Kauai; site of Lihue Plantation Co.'s Hana- 
maulu Mill. 

Hanapepe, bay at mouth of Hanapepe River, south Kauai. 

Hanapepe, ditch, Waimea district, Kauai; diverts water from Hanapepe and Hiloa 
streams for cane irrigation. 

Hanapepe, falls on Hanapepe River, Kauai; height, 362 feet; distance from the sea, 
8 miles. 

Hanapepe, large land division in Government ownership, Waimea and Koloa dis- 
tricts, Kauai. 

Hanapepe, river, forming boundary between Waimea and Koloa districts; rises on 
southern slope of Kawaikini; flows southwestward into Hanapepe Bay; receives 
flow of several tributaries from east and west; water used for cane and rice irri- 
gation. Hanapepe Falls are on this stream, about 8 miles from its mouth. 

Hanapepe, village and post office in Hanapepe Valley, Koloa district, Kauai. 

Hanawai, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 
flows eastward into sea between Papaikou and Pepeekeo. 

Hanawana, small stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on the northern slope of 
. Haleakala; flows northward into sea, just west of Kailua; crossed by three East 
Maui ditches. 

Hanawi, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on eastern slope of Haleakala; flows 
northeastward into sea; supplies water to Nahiku ditch. 

Haunapueo, small tributary of Umauma Stream on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, 
Hawaii. 

Haupo, peak on Koloa-Lihue divide, Kauai; elevation, 2,280 feet. 

Hauula, land division partly in Government ownership, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Hauula, settlement and hotel, Koolauloa district, Oahu; 31 miles from Honolulu. 

Hauulu, small stream, Koolauloa district, Oahu; rises in northern Koolau Mountains; 
'flows northeastward into sea. 

Hawaii, county in Territory of Hawaii at southeastern end of group; includes only 
Hawaii Island; population (1910), 55,382. 

Hawaii, island at southeast end of group, 134 sea miles from Honolulu; consists of 
several mountain peaks 20 to 25 miles apart, with high intermontane areas; 
highest point, 13,825 feet; roughly triangular in shape; 90 miles long and 75 
miles wide; area, 4,015 square miles; population (1910), 55,382; has two active 
craters, Kilauea being the largest active crater in the world; called the "Big 
Island." 

Hawi, Adllage, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Heeia, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 



GAZETTEER. 513 

Heeia, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows north- 
eastward into Kaneohe Bay; water used for rice irrigation. 

Heeia, village and post office, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Helemano, ditch diverting water from Poamoho and Helemano streams, Oahu, for 
cane irrigation. 

Helemano, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in northern Koolau Mountains; 
flows northwestward into Kaiaka Bay; water used for cane irrigation. 

Hiilawe, high falls in Waipio Gulch; height, about 1,700 feet. 

Hilea, land division, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Hilea, village, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Hilo, large bay at mouth of Wailuku River, east Hawaii. 

Hilo, principal harbor on Hawaii Island; extensive improvements now Under way 
for the accommodation of all kinds of shipping. 

Hilo, town, beautifully situated on Hilo Bay, Hawaii; second largest in the Terri- 
tory; population, about 7,000. 

Hilo, N., district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in central windward Hawaii; 
population (1910), including S. Hilo district, 22,545. 

Hilo, S., district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in eastern Hawaii; popula- 
tion (1910), including N. Hilo district, 22,545. 

Hiloa, stream, Waimea district, Kauai; tributary to Hanapepe Stream from the west, 
below Hanapepe Falls. 

Hoaeae, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Hoalua, small stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northward into sea; crossed by three East Maui ditches. 

Hokukano, land division partly in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Hokumahoe, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering 
sea north of Papaaloa. 

Holualoa, village and post office. North Kona district, Hawaii. 

Homestead, post office and store, Koloa district, Kauai. 

Honaunau, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Honaunau, small bay, South Kona coast, Hawaii. 

Honaunau, village and landing, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Honohina, land division. North Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Honohina, village and freight landing, North Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Honoipu, freight landing. North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Honokaa, town, post office, and freight landing, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Honokahau, land division, North Kona district, Hawaii. 

Honokahau, large ditch. West Maui, diverting water from Honokahau and Honolua 
streams; length, from intake to Honokawai weir, 13 miles; used for cane irri- 
gation. 

Honokahau, large land division in Lahaina district, Maui. 

Honokahau, long stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on northern slope of West 
Maui near the summit; flows northward into sea; water diverted through Hono- 
kohau ditch for cane irrigation, and through other smaller ditches for taro irri- 
gation. 

Honokahau, village and post office on north coast of West Maui. 

Honokahua, large land division, Lahaina district, Maui. 

Honokahua, small stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of 
West Maui; flows northwestward, only flood waters reaching the sea. 

Honokaia, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Honokane, land division, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Honokane, stream, Kohala district, Hawaii; rises high up on northern slope of 
Kohala Mountains; flows northward into sea through Honokane Gulch. 
74323°— WSP 318—13 33 



514 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Honokawai, ditch diverting water from south side of Honokawai Stream, West Maui, 

for power and irrigation. 
Honokawai, large land division in Government ownership, Lahaina district, Maui. 
Honokawai, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of West 

Maui; flows northwestward into sea; receives the fl^ow of Amalu Stream from the 

north; water diverted for power and irrigation. 
Honokua, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 
Honolewa, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southeastern slope of Haleakala; 

flows southeastward into sea, near Wailua. 
Honolii, stream, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on upper eastern slope of Mauna 

Kea; flows southeastward into sea a few miles north of Hilo; receives several 

tributaries, the largest of which is Maili Stream from the south. 
Honolua, landing on north coast of West Maui. 
Honolua, small stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of West 

Maui; flows northwestward into sea; water diverted through Honokohau ditch 

for cane irrigation. 
Honolulu, capital and metropolis of Hawaiian Islands, situated on the south coast 

of Oahu; population (1910), 52,183; port of call for all trans- Pacific steamers and 

home port for all interisland steamers. 
Honolulu, city and county in Territory of Hawaii, including only the island of 

Oahu; population (1910), 81,993. 
Honolulu, district, in city and county of Honolulu; political subdivision in leeward 

southeastern Oahu; population (1910), 52,183. 
Honolulu, harbor on south coast of Oahu, best harbor in group and port of call for 

trans-Pacific steamers. 
Honomanu, large land division in Government ownership, Hana district, Maui. 
Honomanu, large stream, Hana district, Maui; rises high up on northern slope of 

Haleakala; flows northeastward into sea through a very deep gulch which 

extends considerable distance back from sea; supplies water to Spreckels ditch. 
Honomilino, land division, partly in Government ownership. South Kona district, 

Hawaii. 
Honomu, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the 

sea south of Honomu post office. 
Honomu, village, post office, and freight landing. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Honopou, small stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on the north slope of Halea- 
kala; flows northward into sea, crossing four East Maui ditches. 
Honouliuli, large land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Honouliwai, land division in Government ownership, southeastern Molokai. 
Honuapo, village, freight and passenger landing, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Honuaula, homestead section. North Kona district, Hawaii. 
Honuaula, name of old district in the southwestern part of East Maui; now included 

in Makawao district. 
Hookena, land division, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Hookena, village, post office, and passenger landing, South Kona district, Hawaii. 
Hoolawa, stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on the northern slope of Haleakala; 

flows northward into sea, crossing four East Maui ditches. 
Hoolehua, large land division in Government ownership, northern Molokai. 
Hoopuloa, village, post office, and passenger landing. South Kona district, Hawaii. 
Hualalai, mountain, western Hawaii; elevation, 8,275 feet; like Mauna Kea, it has 

no crater on its summit. 
Huehue, village. North Kona district, Hawaii. 
Huelo, small stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; 

flows northward into sea, west of Huelo village; crosses thr.ee East Maui ditches. 
Huelo, village and post office, East Maui. 



GAZETTEER. 515 

Huleia, stream, Lihue district, Kauai; rises on eastern slope of main divide; flows 
southeastward to Nawiliwili Bay; water used for cane irrigation. 

Huliilii, very small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering 
sea near Maulua Gulch. 

Humuula, very large and long land division in Government ownership, North Hilo 
district, Hawaii. 

lao, large land division, Wailuku district, Maui. 

lao, large stream, Wailuku district, Maui; rises near summit of East Maui; flows east- 
ward through deep canyon and valley into sea; receives the flow of several tribu- 
taries; water diverted through several ditches for cane and taro irrigation. 

lao, picturesque amphitheater valley. West Maui; length (above Wailuku), about 5 
miles; width, 1 to 2 miles; depth, near head, about 4,000 feet; elevation of Puu 
Kukui, overlooking valley, 5,790 feet; called the " Yosemite of Hawaii." 

Kaahakini, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering the 
sea just south of Hakalau post office. 

Kaala, peak, Waianae Range, West Oahu; elevation, 4,030 feet; highest point on 
island of Oahu. 

Kaalaea, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Kaalaea, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows east- 
ward into Kaneohe Bay; water used for rice irrigation. 

Kaanapali, landing on west coast of West Maui. 

Kaanapali, name of an old district on north side of West Maui; now included in 
Lahaina and Wailuku districts. 

Kaapahu, homestead section, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Kaapuna, land division, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kaawaloa, land division, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kaehulua, small stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; flows eastward into sea; water 
used for cane irrigation. 

Kaena, land division in Government ownership, Waialua district, Oahu. 

Kaena, sharp point at west end of Oahu. 

Kahakuloa, large land division in Government ownership, Wailuku district, Maui. 

Kahakuloa, point on northeast coast of West Maui, at mouth of Kahakuloa Valley. 

Kahakuloa, stream, Wailuku district, Maui; rises on northern slope of west Maui; 
flows northeastward into sea; water used for taro irrigation. 

Kahakuloa, village at mouth of Kahakuloa Valley, East Maui. 

Kahaluu, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Kahana, land division, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Kahana, stream in central Waimea basin, Kauai; tributary to Olokele River from 
the north. 

Kahana, stream, Koolauloa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows north- 
eastward into Kahana Bay; water used for irrigation. 

Kahana, village and post office, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Kahanahaiki, land division in Government ownership, Waianae district, Oahu. 

Kahanui, land division, central Molokai. 

Kahaualea, large land division, Puna district, Hawaii. 

Kahauiki, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu; U. S. Military Reservation. 

Kahaula, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on eastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to Nahiku ditch. 

Kahauloa, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kaha-walhapapa, deep gulch east of Nahiku, East Maui. 

Kahikinui, name of an old district on the southeastern slope of Haleakala, East Maui; 
now included in Hana district. 

Kahili, land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 



516 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH, 

Kahili, peak on the main divide at the head of Huleia River, Kauai; elevation, 3,016 
feet. 

Kahina Pukii, very small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, 
entering sea south of Maulua Gulch. 

Kahoma, ditch diverting water from north side of Kahoma Stream, West Maui; for 
cane irrigation. 

Kahoina, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on western slope of West Maui; flows 
westward into sea; receives the flow of Lahainaluna Stream from the south; water 
diverted for cane irrigation through Kahoma ditch. 

Kahoola-we, island in public ownership south of Maui nnd 6 s^a miles distant; highest 
point, 1,472 feet; area, 44 square miles; population (1910), 2; included in Maka- 
wao district, Maui County. 

Kahuku, land division in Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Kahuku, point, at north end of Oahu. 

Kahuku, very large land division in Kau district, Hawaii; extends from sea to sum- 
mit of Mauna Loa. 

Kahuku, village and post office, Koolauloa district, Oahu; site of Kahuku Planta- 
tion Co.'s mill; northern terminus of Oahu Railroad, 69^ miles from Honolulu 
by rail. 

Kahului, bay and harbor, on north coast of Maui. 

Kahului, town and post office, on Kahului Harbor, Maui; chief shipping port for 
Maui. 

Kaiaka, small bay at mouth of Kaukonahua Stream, northwest Oahu. 

Kaieie, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering the sea 
near Papaikou. 

Kaieiewaho, channel between Oahu and Kauai Islands; width, 63 sea miles; also 
called Kauai Channel. 

Kaiholena, land division, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Kaili, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southeastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows southeastward into sea. 

Kailua, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Kailua, principal bay, north Kona coast, Hawaii. 

Kailua, settlement, east of Huelo (post office, Huelo), East Maui. 

Kailua, shallow bay at mouth of Kailua Stream, east Oahu. 

Kailua, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in southern Koolau Mountains; 
flows northeastward into Kawainui Swamp, and thence into the sea; receives 
numerous tributaries in the upper part of its course; water used for rice irrigation. 

KaUua, stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises high up on northern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to two East Maui ditches; principal 
tributary, Oanui Stream. 

Kailua, village and post office on Kailua Bay, North Kona district, Hawaii. 

KairD,uki, hill and residential section of Honolulu, Oahu, just back of Diamond Head; 
elevation, 291 feet. 

Kainaliu, village, North Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kai o Kalohi, channel between Molokai and Lanai Islands; width, 7 sea miles. 

Kaipapau, land division partly in Government ownership, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Kaipapau, small stream, Koolauloa district, Oahu; rises in northern Koolau Moun- 
tains; flows northeastward into sea. 

Kai-wi, channel between Oahu and Molokai Islands; width, 23 sea miles. 

Kai"wiki, land division in Government ownership. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Kakaako, low flat section of Honolulu on the water front, Oahu, east of harbor. 

Ka Lae, extreme southern point of Hawaii. 

Kalaheo, land division, partly in Government ownership, Koloa district, Kauai. 

Kalaluki, land division, South Kona district, Hawaii. 



GAZETTEEK. 517 

Kalala, land division in Goveniment ownership, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Kalalau, short stream, Napali section, Hanaiei district, Kauai; flows northward into 
sea through the deep and narrow canyon of the same name. 

Kalamaula, large land division in Government ownership, south central Molokai. 

Kalaoa, very small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering 
the sea north of Papaikou. 

Kalapaki, land division, Xihue district, Kauai. 

Kalapana, village. Puna district, Hawaii. 

Kalauao, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Kalauao, small stream, Ewa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows south- 
westward into East Loch of Pearl Harbor. 

Kalaupapa, land division in Government ownership, northern Molokai. 

Kalaupapa, landing, town, and "post office of leper settlement, northern Molokai; 
population of settlement, about 1,000; lepers are cared for by the Government. 

Kalawao, county in Territory of Hawaii, including only the leper settlement on the 
peninsula, north coast of Molokai; population, about 1,000. 

Kalawao, land division in Government ownership, northern Molokai. 

Kalehuahakihaki, peak in Waimea River basin, Kauai; elevatiim, 3,548 feet. 

Kalena, peak, Waianae Range, West Oahu; elevation, 3,507 feet, 

Kalepa, ridge in eastern Kauai near the sea; elevation, 700 feet. 

Kaliali, land division in Makawao and Wailuku districts, Maui. 

KaKhi, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

KaKhi, shallow arm of the ocean on south coast of Oahn. 

KaliM, stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows south- 
westward into Kalihi Inlet; water used for taro irrigation. 

Kalilii, western section of Honolulu City, Oahu. 

Kalihikai, land division, Hanaiei district, Kauai. 

Kalihiwai, bay at mouth of Kalihiwai Stream, North Kauai. 

Kalihiwai, large land division, Hanaiei district, Kauai. 

Kalihiw^ai, large stream, Hanaiei district, Kauai; rises on western slope of Pueo 
Peak; flows northward into Kalihiwai Bay; has few tributaries; water used for 
rice irrigation. 

KaUliiwai, village and landing on Kalihiwai Bay, Hanaiei district, Kauai. 

Kaloko, land division. North Kona dist.ict, Hawaii. 

Kaluakoi, large land division, western Molokai. 

Kaluanui, ditch, east Maui; heads in Opana Stream, well up the mountain slope; 
extends westward across country to junction with New Hamakua ditch above 
Hamakuapoko. 

Kaluanui, land division, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Kaluanui, stream, Koolauloa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows north- 
eastward into sea; water used f<3r irrigation. 

Kama, auwai, or old Hawaiian ditch, diverting water from south side of lao Stream, 
west Maui, for irrigatioc . 

Kamaio, land division, southern Molokai. 

Karaakou, peak at the head of Pelekunu and Wailau gulches, Molokai; elevation, 
4,958 feet. «^ 

Kamalomalo, land division in Government ownership, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 

Kamananui, ditch diverting water from north side Anahulu Stream, Oahu, for cane 
irrigation. 

Kamananui, large land division, Waialua district, Oahu. 

Kamaoa, land division in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Kumaole, large land division, Makawao district, Maui. 

Kamenehune, ditch, Waimea district, Kauai; diverts water from ihe west side of 
Waimea River for taro irrigation. 



518 WATER RESOURCES OE HAW AH. 

Kamilolo, land division in Government ownership, south-central Molokai. 
Kamoaraoa, land division, Puna district, Hawaii. 

Kamoku, land division in Government ownership, Hsimakua district, Hawaii. 
Kamooloa, ditch, Koloa district, Kauai; diverts water from the south side of Kamooloa 

Stream (tributary to Huleia Stream) for cane irrigation. 
Kamooloa, stream, Lihue district, Kauai; tributary to Huleia, Stream from the north; 

water used for cane irrigation. 
Kanaha, ditch, Lihue district, Kauai; diverts water from the south side of North 

Fork of Wailua River for cane irrigation . 
Kanaio, large land division in Government ownership, Makawao district, Maui. 
Kaneha, ditch, Kiiwaihau district, Kauai; diverts water from the north side of Kealia 

Stream for cane irrigation. 
Kaneohe, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 
Kaneohe, large shallow bay on east coast of Oahu; receiving drainage from Kaneohe, 

Heeia, Kahaluu, Waihee, Kalaea, Waiahole, and Waikane streams. This bay is 

full of coral growth, allowing only smallest craft to enter. 
Kaneohe, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows 

northeastward into Kaneohe Bay; water used for rice ii'rigation. 
Kaneohe, village, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Kaohe, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 
Kaohe, very large land division in Government ownership, in Hamakua district, 

Hawaii; includes summit of Mauna Kea and land westward to summit of Mauna 

Loa. 
Kaohelki, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 

north of Waikaumalo Stream. 
Kaonoulu, large land division, Wailuku and Makawao districts, Maui. 
Kapaa, large land division in Government ownership, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Kapaa, stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; rises on eastern slope of Kapehuala Peak; 

flows eastward into sea; receives flow of Kealia Stream from the north; water used 

for cane irrigation. 
Kapaa, village of homesteaders, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Kapaakea, land division in Government ownership, south-central Molokai. 
Kapaalalaea, small stream, Makawao districtj Maui; rises on northern slope of Halea- 

kala; flows northward into sea east of Halehaku Gulch; crossed by four of East 

Maui ditches. 
Kapaau, village, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 
Kapahehe, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering the 

sea north of Honomu post office. 
Kapahi, ditch, Kawaihau district, Kauai; diverts water from the south side of Kapaa 

Stream for cane irrigation. 
Kapahulu, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 
Kapaia, village, Lihue district, Kauai. 
Kapalama, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Kapalama, section of Honolulu City, Oahu; settled mainly by the poorer classes. 
Kapalaoa, peak on main divide east of Hanapepe Falls and west of Kilohana Crater, 

Kauai; elevation, 3,436 feet. 
Kapapala, very large land division in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Kapeha, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering the sea 

just north of Pepeekeo post office. 
Kapehu, stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering sea just north 

of Maulua Gulch. 
Kapehu, stream, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on southeastern slope of Mauna 

Kea; flows southeastward into Wailuku Stream from the north. 
Kapehuala, peak on Kapaa-Kalihiwai divide, Kauai; elevation, 3,130 feet. 



GAZBTTEEB. 519 

Kapoho, land division, Puna district, Hawaii. 

Kapoho, village. Puna district, Hawaii. 

Kapua, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kapue, stream, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 

flows southeastward into sea at Papaikou. 
Kau, desert section in Kapapala land division, Kau district, Hawaii, south of Kilauea 

Volcano. 
Kau, district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in southern Hawaii; population 

(1910), 4,078. 
Kauai, channel between Oahu and Kauai islands; width, 63 sea miles; also called 

Kaieiewaho Channel. 
Kauai, county in Territory of Hawaii at northwest end of main group ; includes Kauai 

and Niihau islands and a few small islets; population (1910), 23,952. 
Kauai, island at northwest end of main group, 98 sea miles from Honolulu; single 

mountain, highest point, 5,170 feet; nearly circular, 25 to 30 miles across; area, 

547 square miles; population (1910), 23,744; called the "Garden Island." 
Kauaikanana, small stream, upper Waimea basin, Kauai; tributary to Poomau River 

from the north. 
Kauaula, ditch, diverting water from north side of Kauaula Stream, West Maui, for 

cane irrigation. 
Kauaula, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on western slope of West Maui; flows 

westward into sea; water diverted through Piilani, Kauaula, and other ditches 

for cane irrigation. 
Kau-Hilo, long ditch proposed for taking water from Hilo district around by the vol- 
cano into Kau district for irrigation; approximate length, 100 miles; estimated 

cost, $3,500,000. 
Kauhola, prominent point on Kohala coast, Hawaii. 
Kauhuuh.uulu, land division, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Kauiki Head, prominent point, on east coast of East Maui, south of Hana Bay. 
Kaukonahua, large stream, Waialua district, Oahu; formed by junction of North 

and South forks of Kaukonahua Stream; flows northwestward into Kaiaka Bay; 

receives several small tributaries from Waianae Mountains from the west and 

Poamoho Stream near its mouth from the east; water used for cane irrigation. 
Kaukonahua, North Fork, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in central Koolau 

Mountains; flows south westward, joining South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream to 

form Kaukonahua Stream; water stored in Wahiawa reservoir for irrigation. 
Kaukonahua, South Fork, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in central Koolau 

Mountains; flows westward, joining North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream to form 

Kaukonahua Stream; water stored in Wahiawa reservoir for irrigation. 
Kaulanamauna, land division in Government ownership. South Kona district, 

Hawaii. 
Kaunakakai, harbor and landing, on south -central coast of Molokai. 
Kaunakakai, large land division, south-central Molokai. 
Kaunamano, land division, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Kaunuohua, peak at head of Pelekunu Gulch, Molokai; elevation, 4,535 feet. 
Kaunuohua, ridge forming northern boundary of Waimea Basin, Kauai; highest 

point, Pihea Peak; elevation, 4,150 feet. 
Kaupo, name of old district on southern slope of Haleakala, East Maui; now included 

in Hana district. 
Kaupo, gap in the southeastern end of Haleakala Crater, West Maui, through which 

the last flow from the crater passed southward . 
Kaupo, village, post office, and landing; on south coast of East Maui. 
Kaupulehu, large land division. North Kona district, Hawaii. 
Kawaihae, bay, South Kohala coast, Hawaii. 



520 WATER RESOURCES OP HAWAII. 

Kawaihae, large land division, partly in Government ownership, South Kohala 

district, Hawaii. 
Kawaihae, village, post office, and landing, South Kohala district, Hawaii. 
Kawaihapai, land division, Waialua district, Oahu. 
Kawaih.au, district, Kauai County; political subdivision in northeastern Kauai; 

population (1910), 2,580. 
KawaikLni, peak south of Waialeale Peak, Kauai; elevation, 5,170 feet; highest 

point on Kauai. 
Kawaikoi, stream, upper Waimea Basin, Kauai; rises in Alakai Swamp; flows south- 
westward to Poomau River (tributary to Waimea River). 
Kawailoa, land division, Waialua district, Oahu. 
Kawainui, principal tributary of Waipio River, Hamakua district, Hawaii; rises on 

northeastern slope of Kohala Mountains. 
Kawainui, stream, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on upper eastern slope of 

Mauna Kea;- flows eastward into sea, south of Pepeekeo. 
Kawainui, swamp in Kailua Stream basin, East Oahu; draining into Kailua Bay. 
Kawaipapa, deep gulch near Hana, East Maui. 

Kawaipapa, large land division in Government ownership; Hana district, Maui. 
Kawalii, small stream in large deep gulch on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hilo 

district, Hawaii; most northern permanent stream running continuously in Hilo 

district, south of Waipio Stream. 
Kawela, large land division, south central Molokai. 
Kawi, small stream, Lihue district, Kauai; tributary to North Fork Wailua River 

from the north. 
Keaalau, stream, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 

flows northeastward into sea. 
Keaau, land division in Government ownership, Waianae district, Oahu. 
Keaau, large land division, Puna district, Hawaii. 
Keaau (Nine Miles), village, near Olaa Sugar Mill, several miles south of Hilo, 

Hawaii . 
Keahalaka, land division, Puna district, Hawaii. 
Keahole, most western point of Hawaii. 
Keahua, small stream, Lihue district, Kauai; tributary to North Fork of Wailua 

River from the north. 
Keahuolu, land division, North Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kealaikahiki, channel between Lanai and Kahoolawe Islands; width, 16 sea miles. 
Kealakekua, historic bay. South Kona coast, Hawaii. 
Kealakekua, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 
Kealakekua, village and post office near Kealakekua Bay, North Kona district, 

Hawaii. 
Kealia, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 
Kealia, large land division, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Kealia, stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; rises on eastern slope of Pueo Peak; flows 

eastward, entering Kapaa River from the north; water used for cane irrigation 

and power. i 
Kealia, village, post office, and landing, Kawaihau district, Kauai; site of Makee's 

Sugar Co.'s mill. 
Keanae, landing, village, and post office, on north coast of East Maui. 
K^anae, large land division in Government ownership, Hana district, Maui. 
Keanae, large stream, Hana district, Maui; formed by East and West branches; 

rises high up on northeastern slope of Haleakala; flows northeastward into sea 

near Keanae village; supplies water to Koolau ditch. 
Keaoopu, small tributary to Anahola Stream from the north, Kawaihau district, 

Kauai. 



GAZETTEER. 621 

Keauhou, large land division, including larger part of Kilauea Crater, Kau district, 
Hawaii. 

Keauhou, small bay. North Kona coast, Hawaii. 

Keauhou, very large land division, in North and South Kona districts, Hawaii. 

Keauhou, village and post office, North Kona district, Hawaii. 

Keei, land division. South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kehana, bay at mouth of Kahana Stream, East Oahu. 

Kekaha, ditch, Waimea district, Kauai; diverts water from the east side of Waimea 
River for cane irrigation on the west side. 

Kekaha, village and post office, Waimea district, Kauai; site of Kekaha Sugar Co.'s 
mill. 

Kelana, ditch diverting water from north side of lao Stream, West Maui, for cane 
irrigation. 

Keokea, large land division in Government ownership, Makawao district, Maui. 

Kepkea, point on south side of Hilo Bay, Hawaii. 

Kiaiakua, small stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; flows northward into sea. 

Kihalani, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
north of Papaaloa. 

Kihei, village, post office, and landing on west coast of East Maui, south of Kahului 
Harbor. 

Kiholo, bay, north Kona coast, Hawaii. 

Kikola, small tributary to Honolii Stream, near Hilo, Hawaii. 

Kilau, very small stream on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering gea south 
of Laupahoehoe Gulch. 

Kilauea, crater on the southeastern slope of Mauna Loa, Hawaii; elevation, nearly 
4,000 feet; largest active crater in the world; area, 4.14 square miles; circumfer- 
ence, 7.85 miles; extreme width, 1.95 miles; extreme length, 2.93 miles; contains 
the Pit, Halemaumau, with its lake of fire; one of the great natural wonders of 
the world, which will be included in the proposed Kilauea National Park. 

Kilauea, large land di\'ision, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Kilauea, small bay at mouth of Kilauea Stream, northeast Kauai. 

Kilauea, stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; rises on northern slope of Mount Nama- 
hana; flows northward into Kilauea Bay; water used for irrigating cane. 

Kilauea, village and post ofiice, Hanalei district, Kauai; site of Kilauea Sugar Plan- 
tation Co.'s mill. 

Kilohana, point on northern edge of Alakai Swamp overlooking Wainiha Canyon, 
Kauai; elevation, 4,023 feet. 

Kilohana, tufa crater, Lihue district, Kauai; elevation, 1,100 feet. 

Kiomakaa, land division partly in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Kipahoehoe, land division in Government ownership, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Kipahulu, landing, village, and post oiBce, on south coast of East Maui; site of Kipa- 
hulu Sugar Co.'s mill. 

Kipahulu, name of old district on southeastern slope of Haleakala, East Maui; now 
included in Hana district. 

Kipapa, ditch, diverting freshet water from east side of Kipapa Stream, Oahu, for 
cane irrigation. 

Kipapa, stream, Ewa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows southward 
joining Waikakalaua Stream to form Waipahu Stream; freshet water used for cane 
irrigation . 

Kipu, land division, Lihue district, Kauai. 

Koaie, stream, north-central Waimea basin, Kauai; rises 6n western slope of main 
divide; flows southwestward to Waimea River through a deep, picturesque canyon 
which extends nearly to its source. 



522 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Kohala, ditch diverting water from the west side of Awini and Honokane streams, 
Kohala district, Hawaii, for cane irrigation. 

Kohala, mountain range., northern Hawaii; deeply eroded on northern slopes; highest 
elevation, 5,489 feet. 

Kohala, village and post office, North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Kohala, N., district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in northern Hawaii; pop- 
ulation (1910), 5,398. 

Kohala, S., district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in northwestern Hawaii; 
population (1910), 922. 

Kohala (upper), ditch diverting water at a high elevation from Honokane Stream, 
Kohala district, Hawaii, for cane irrigation. 

Koheake, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
just north of Maulua Gulch. 

Koholalele, freight landing, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Koholalele, land division, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Koiawe, tributary of Waipio River, Hamakua district, Hawaii; rises on northern 
slope of Kohala Mountains, entering Waipio River from the west. 

Kokee, small stream, upper Waimea Basin, Kauai; tributary to Waimea River from 
the north. 

Koko Head, two prominent tufa craters, southeast Oahu; elevation of higher, 1,205 
feet; elevation of lower, 644 feet. 

Kolea, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; flows 
northeastward into sea; formed by several branches which supply water to 
Spreckels ditch. 

Kolekole, pass in Waianae Range, West Oahu; between Leilehua Military Reserva- 
tion and Lualualei Valley on the south. 

Kolekole, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 
flows eastward into sea a short distance north of Honomu post office. 

Koloa, district, Kauai County; political subdivision in southern Kauai east of Hana- 
pepe River and south of Haupu Ridge; population (1910), 5,769. 

Koloa, landing, South Kauai. 

Koloa, large land division, Koloa district, Kauai. 

Koloa, stream, Koloa district, Kauai; rises on southern slope of main divide; flows 
southward into sea. 

Koloa, village and post office, Koloa district, Kauai; site of Koloa Sugar Co.'s mill. 

Kona, N., district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in western Hawaii; popula- 
tion (1910), 3,377. 

Kona, S., district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in southwestern Hawaii; 
population (1910), 3,191. 

Konahuanui, peak, Koolau Range, East Oahu; south of Nuuanu Pali Pass; eleva- 
tion, 3,105 feet. 

KonohiM, small stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; flows eastward into sea; water 
used for irrigation. 

Koclau, ditch, East Maui; begins at weir near Kopiliula, at mouth of Nahiku ditch; 
extends westward across country to division weir at Alo Stream, intercepting the 
streams east of Honomanu Stream. 

Koolau, gap in north rim of Haleakala Crater, West Maui, through which later lava 
streams poured into Keanae Valley. 

Koolau, name of old district on northeastern slope of Haleakala, East Maui; now 
included in Hana district. 

Koolauloa, district, in city and county of Honolulu; political subdivision in north- 
eastern Oahu; population (1910), 3,204. 

Koolaupoko, district, in city and county of Honolulu; political subdivision in wind- 
ward southeastern Oahu; population (1910), 3,251. 



GAZETTEEB. 523 

Kopiliula, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northeastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to Koolau ditch. 

Koukouai, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southwestern slope of Halea- 
kala; flows southeastward into sea near Kipahulu. 

Kuiaha, small stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of Halea- 
kala; flows into sea east of Maliko Gulch; crossed by four or five East Maui ditches, 

Kuikuiula, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southeastern slope of Halea- 
kala; flows southeastward into sea west of Kipahulu. 

Kukaiau, land division, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Kukaiau, village, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Kukuihaele, village, post office, and freight landing, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Kuknipahu, land division. North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Kulanakii (Papaa), stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering 
sea near Maulua Gulch. 

Kula, name of an old district on western slope of Haleakala, East Maui; now included 
in Makawao district. 

Kula pipe line, domestic water-supply system for upper, western, and southern 
slopes of Haleakala, Maui; intake at Puohakamoa Stream at about 4,500 feet 
elevation; length of main line, 25 to 30 miles. 

Kuliouou, land division, partly in Government ownership, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Kumukahi, cape, extreme eastern point of Hawaii. 

Kumukahi, channel between Kauai and Niihau Islands; width, 15 sea miles. 

Kumunuiakea, small stream on lower southeastern slope of Mauna Kea, entering the 
sea near Papaikou, Hawaii. 

Kima, ditch, Hanelei district, Kauai; diverts water from the east side of Hanalei 
River for rice irrigation. 

Kurtistown (Olaa), village and post office, Puna district, Hawaii. 

Laeloa, or Barbers Point, low flat area at southwest comer of Oahu. 

Lahaina, district, Maui County; political subdivision in leeward West Maui, includ- 
ing Lanai Island; population (1910), 4,918. 

Lahaina, open roadstead and landing off west coast of West Maui. 

Lahaina, village and post office, on west coast of West Maui; formerly the old capital 
of the Hawaiian Kingdom; site of Pioneer Mill Co.'s sugar factory. 

Lahainaluna, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on western slope of West Maui; 
flows westward into Kahoma Stream from the south; water diverted for municipal 
and irrigation purposes. 

Laie, land division in Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Laie, small bay on northeast coast of Oahu. 

Laie, village and post office, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Lalakea, land division, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Lalamilo, land division in Government ownership, South Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Lamaloloa, land division, partly in Government ownership, North Kohala district, 
Hawaii. 

Lanai, island in private ownership south of Molokai, west of Maui, more than 50 sea 
miles southeast of Honolulu; 18 miles long, 10 miles wide; highest point, 3,400 
feet; area, 139 square miles; population (1910), 131; included in Lahaina dis- 
trict, Maui County. 

Lanihnli, peak, Koolau Range, East Oahu; north of Nuuanu Pali Pali Pass; eleva- 
tion, 2,781 feet. 

Launiupoko, ditch diverting water from north side of Launiupoko Stream, West 
Maui, for cane irrigation. 

Launiupoko, large land division in Government ownership, Lahaina district, Maui. 

Launiupoko, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on southwestern slope of West 
Maui; flows southwestward into sea; water diverted through several ditches for 
cane irrigation. 



524 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Laupahoehoe, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Laupahoehoe, large land division, partly in Government ownership, North Hilo dis- 
trict, Hawaii. 

Laupahoehoe, small stream on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
through a deep gulch of the same name at Laupahoehoe. 

Laupahoehoe, village, post office, and passenger landing. North Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Lawai, land division, Koloa district, Kauai. 

Lawai, stream, Koloa district, Kauai; flows southward into sea. 

Lawai, village, Koloa district, Kauai; site of pineapple cannery. 

Leahi. (See Diamond Head.) 

Leleiwi, point east of Hilo Bay, Hawaii. 

LepeuH, small land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Lihue, district, Kauai County; political subdivision in southeastern Kauai; popula- 
tion (1910), 4,951. 

Lihue, ditch, Lihue district, Kauai; diverts water from south side of Waiahi Stream 
(tributary to South Fork of Wailua River) for cane irrigation. 

Lihue, town and post office, Lihue district, Kauai; county seat of Kauai County. 

LimaluH, short stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; flows northward into sea. 

Lowrie, ditch. East Maui; heads in Nailiilihaele Stream, near Kailua at about the 
same elevation as Haiku ditch; extends westward across country on a gentle 
grade to cane lands around Hamakuapoko, intercepting all streams on the way; 
length, about 22 miles. 

Lualailua, large land division in Government ownership, Hana district, Maui. 

Lualualei, land division partly in Government ownership, Waianae district, Oahu. 

Lumahai, large land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Lumahai, large stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; rises on northern slope of Waialeale; 
flows northward into sea; receives numerous short tributaries from east and west; 
water used for irrigating rice and taro in lower part of valley. 

Maalaea, bay, on south side of peninsula, Maui. 

Mahaulepu, land division, Koloa district, Kauai. 

Mahinauli, gulch, Waimea district, Kauai. 

Mahukona, village, post office, and landing. North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Mailepai, small stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of West 
Maui; flows northwestward, only flood waters reaching the sea. 

Maili, large stream on southeastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, tributary to Honolii 
Stream from the south. 

Makaha, land division, Waianae district, Oahu. 

Makahanaloa, long land division. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Makaka, land division, partly in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Makanalua, land division in Government ownership, northern Molokai. 

Makapala, village. North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Makapipi, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on eastern slope of Haleakala; flows 
northeastward into sea near Nahiku; most eastern stream supplying water to the 
East Maui ditch system. 

Makapuu, point at southeast end of Oahu; site of lighthouse. 

Makawao, district, Maui County; political subdivision in central East Maui, includ- 
ing Kahoolawe Island; population (1910), 8,857. 

Makawao, land division, Makawao district, Maui. 

Makawao, village and post office on northwestern slope of Haleakala, Maui. 

Makaweh, large land division, Waimea district, Kauai. 

MakaweU, short river in southern Waitnea basin, Kauai; formed by Olokele and 
Makuone streams; flows southwest ward, entering Waimea River from the east 
about a mile frona the sea; water used for rice irrigation. 



GAZETTEEB. 525 

Makaweli, village and post office, Waimea district, Kauai; site of Hawaiian Sugar 

Co.'s mill. 
Makea, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the sea 

north of Pepeekeo post office. 
Makena, landing, village, and post office, on west coast of East Maui. 
MakiM, land division in Government ownership, Honolulu district, Oahu. 
Makiki, residential section, and valley back of, Honolulu, Oahu. 
Makiki, small stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises on the southern slope of Tantalus 

Peak, Koolau Range; flows southward into sea; one source of Honolulu water 

supply. 
Makoewai, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the 

sea north of Pepeekeo post office. 
Makua, land division in Government ownership, Waianae district, Oahu. 
Makuone, stream, central Waimea basin, Kauai; rises on western slope of Waialeale; 

flows southwestward to junction with Olokele River to form Makaweli River. 
Malaekahana, land division, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 
Maliko, stream, Makawao district, Maui, rises on northwestern slope of Haleakala; 

flows northwestward through a deep gulch into sea; crossed by five ditches, to 

which it contributes water, especially at flood stages. 
Mamolokama, peak south of Hanalei Bay, Kauai. 
Mana, low, swampy area at west end of Kauai. 
Manana, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Manawaiiao, stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on northwestern slope of Halea- 
kala; flows northwestward into sea east of Maliko Gulch; crossed by four or five 

East Maui ditches. 
Manawainui, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southern slope of Haleakala; 

flows southward into sea west of Kipahulu. 
Maniania, ditch diverting water from north side of lao Stream, West Maui, for cane 

irrigation on both sides of lao Valley. 
Manoa, important stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises on southern slope of Kona- 

huanui Peak, Koolau Range; flows southward into sea; receives several small 

tributaries; water used for taro irrigation. 
Manoa, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 
Manoa, residential section of Honolulu, in Manoa Valley, Oahu. 
Manoloa, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 

south of Maulua Gulch. 
Manowaialee, land division, partly in Government ownership, Hamakua district, 

Hawaii . 
Manowaiopae, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; entering sea south of Laupa- 

hoehoe Gulch. 
Manuahi, stream, Waimea district, Kauai; tributary to Waimea River from the 

west. . 
Manuka, large land division in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Mapulehu, land division, southeastern Molokai. 
Maui, county in Territory of Hawaii including the islands of Maui, Molokai, Lanai, 

and Kahoolawe; population (1910), 30,547. 
Maui, island southeast of Oahu and 72 sea miles from Honolulu; consists of two high 

mountains connected by low peninsula 8 miles in width; highest point, 10,032 

feet, in East Maui; irregular in shape, 48 miles long, 30 miles wide; area, 728 

square miles; population (1910), 28,623; called the "Valley Isle." 
Maulua, large land division. North Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Maulua, small bay at mouth of Maulua Gulch, East Hawaii. 
Maulua, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 

flows northeastward through a very deep gulch into sea. 



526 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Mauna Kea, mountain in northeastern Hawaii; elevation, 13,825 feet, highest island 
mountain in the world; does not culminate in a single prominent peak, but haa 
a summit platform upon which rise many huge cinder cones. 

Mauna Loa, highest peak, west Molokai; elevation, 1,382 feet. 

Mauna Loa, mountain, south-central Hawaii; elevation, 13,675 feet; unique in hav- 
ing a crater, Mokuaweoweo — the second largest active volcano in the world — sunk 
in its summit platform. 

Maunalua, bay between Diamond and Koko heads, on south coast of Oahu. 

Maunalua, large land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Maunawili, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

McGregors, landing on Maalaea Bay, south side of peninsula, Maui. 

Milolii, gulch, Napali section, Waimea district, Kauai. 

Milolii, land section in Government ownership, western Kauai. 

Moanualua, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Moanalua, stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows south- 
westward into Kalihi Inlet; water used for rice irrigation. 

Moanalulu, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
south of Papaaloa. 

Moaula, land division partly in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Mohihi, stream, upper Waimea Basin, Kauai; tributary from the east to Poomau 
River (tributary to Waimea River). 

Mokapu, point, or headland, off Kaneohe Bay, East Oahu. 

Mokihana, small stream, south-central Waimea Basin, Kauai; rises east of Kalehua- 
hakihaki Peak; flows southwestward to Waimea River. 

Mokuaweoweo, crater on the summit of Mauna Loa, Hawaii; elevation, about 
13,500 feet; second largest active crater in the world; area, 3.70 square miles; 
circumference, 9.47 miles; length, 3.7 miles; width, 1.74 miles; intermittently 
active, the activity usually lasting only a few days, when the lava forces its 
way through the side of the mountain, in a lava flow, after which the eruption 
in the crater ceases. 

Mokuleia, large land division partly in Government ownership, Waialua district, 
Oahu. 

Moloaa, land division partly in Government ownership, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 

Moloaa, small stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; flows northeastward into Moloaa 
Bay. 

Molokai, district, Maui County; political subdivision including Molokai Island; 
population (1910), 1,791. 

Molokai, island southeast of Oahu, 52 sea miles from Honolulu; lies east and west, 
40 miles long, 9 miles wide; highest point, 4,958 feet; area, 261 square miles; 
population (1910), 1,791. 

Mountain View, village and post office, Puna district, Hawaii. 

Muliwai, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Naalehu, village and post office, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Nahiku, ditch extension. East Maui; heads in Makapipi Gulch, above Nahiku; 
extends westward across country to weir near Kopiliula, where it terminates at 
the eastern end of Koolau ditch. 

Nahiku, landing, village, and post office, on north coast of East Maui; center of rubber 
district. 

Naholoku, large land division, Hana district, Maui. 

Nailiilihaele, large stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises high up on northern slope 
of Haleakala; flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to three East Maui 
ditches. 

Naiwa, large land division, central Molokai. 

Namahana, peak at head of Anahola Stream, Kauai; elevation, 2,650 feet. 



GAZETTEEB. 527 

Nanakuli, land division, Waianae district, Oahu. 

Nanue, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering the sea 
just north of Honohina. 

Napali, name of old district in Government ownership in northwestern Kauai, now 
included in Hanalei district. 

Napoopoo, village and landing on Kealakekua Bay, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Nawiliwili, bay at mouths of Huleia and Nawiliwili streams, southeast Kauai; 
selected for improvement as Kauai's harbor. 

Nawiliwili, land division, Lihue district, Kauai. 

Nawiliwili, small stream, Lihue district, Kauai; rises on eastern slope of Kilohana 
Crater; flows southeastward into Nawiliwili Bay; water used for rice and cane 
irrigation. 

Nawiliwili, village and landing for freight and passengers, on Nawiliwili Bay, Kauai; 
nearest landing from Honolulu. 

Nienie, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Niihau, island southwest of Kauai in private ownership; area, 73 square miles; popu- 
lation (1910), 208; included in Waimea district, Kauai County. 

Nine Miles (Keaau), village near Olaa sugar mill, several miles south of Hilo, Hawaii. 

Ninole, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
south of Maulua Gulch. 

Niu, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Niumalu, land division, Lihue district, Kauai. 

Nohili, point on west coast of Kauai. 

Nuaailua, small stream, Hana district, Maui; flows northeastward into sea; supplies 
water to Koolau ditch through its branches. 

Nuu, large land division, Hana district, Maui. 

Nuuanu, important stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises at Nuuanu Pali pass, 
Koolau Range; flows southwestward through Nuuanu Valley into Honolulu 
Harbor; receives the flow of Pauoa Stream near its mouth; water used as part of 
Honolulu city water supply and for taro irrigation. 

Nuuanu, land division partly in Government ownership, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Nuuanu, old residential section of Honolulu, at the lower end of Nuuanu Valley, 
Oahu. 

Nuuanu Pali, pass and cliff, Koolau Range, East Oahu; elevation, 1,207 feet; one of 
the historic and scenic places of Honolulu, only 6 miles distant. 

Nuulolo, gulch, Napali section, Waimea district, Kauai. 

Oahu, island near center of main group, Lat. 21° 30^ N., Long. 158° W.; 98 sea miles 
southeast of Kauai and 134 sea miles northwest of Hawaii; consists of two moun- 
tain ranges, Koolau and Waianae, with a tableland between; highest point, 
Kaala, 4,030 feet; roughly qxiadrilateral ; length, 45 miles; width, 24 miles; area, 
598 square miles; population (1910), 81,993. 

Oahu-Koolau, ditch, proposed for bringing water from the windward side of Oahu 
through the main Koolau Range for cane irrigation north of Pearl Harbor; approxi- 
mate length, 15 miles; length of main tunnel, about 14,000 feet; estimated cost, 
$1,250,000. 

Oanui, stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; flows 
northeastward into Kailua Stream from the west; supplies water to Hamakua 
ditch. 

Oheo, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southeastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows soiitheastward into sea near Kipahulu. 

Okole, very small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
near Maulua Gulch. 

Olaa, large land division. Puna district, Hawaii. 

Olaa (Kurtistown), village and post office, Puna district, Hawaii, 



528 WATEK RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Olohena, land division partly in Government ownership, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Olokele, ditch, Waimea district, Kauai; diverts water from the south side of Olokele 

Stream for cane irrigation. 
Olokele, river, eastern Waimea basin, Kauai; rises on western slope of Waialeale; 

flows southwestward to junction with Makuone to form Makaweli River; receives 

the flow of Kahana Stream from the north; water diverted through Olokele ditch 

for cane irrigation. 
Olowalu, land and village on southwest coast of West Maui. 
Olowalu, large land division in Government ownership, Lahaina district, Maui. 
Olowalu, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises in southern slope of West Maui; flows 

southwestward into sea; water diverted through several ditches for cane irrigation. 
Olympus (or Awawaloa), peak, Koolau Range, East Oahu; at the head of Manoa 

Valley; elevation, 2,447 feet. 
Onomea, small bay. South Hilo coast, Hawaii. 
Onomea, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the 

sea south of Onomea arch. 
Onomea, village on Onomea Bay, South Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Ookala, village, post office, and freight landing, North Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Oopuola, small stream on boundary between Makawao and Hana districts, East Maui; 

flows northeastward into sea; contributes water to two ditches. 
Opaeula, ditch diverting water from north side Opaeula Stream, Oahu, for cane 

irrigation. 
Opaeula, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in northern Koolau Mountains; flows 

northwestward into Kaiaka Bay; water used for cane irrigation. 
Opaikaa, stream, Lihue district, Kauai; tributary to Wailua River from the north. 
Opana, land division, Makawao district, Maui. 
Opana, stream, Makawao district, Maui; rises on the northern slope of Haleakala; 

flows northwestward, entering Halehaku Stream from the west; contributes water 

to the Hamakua ditches. 
Opea, stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the sea just 

south of Honohina. 
Paa, land division, Koloa district, Kauai. 
Paakea, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on eastern slope of Haleakala; flows 

northeastward into sea; supplies water to Koolau ditch. 
Paalaa, land division, Waialua district, Oahu. 
Paauhau, very large land division, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 
Paauhau, village, post office, and freight landing, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 
Paauilo, village, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 
Paeahu, large land di\dsion, Makawao district, Maui. 
Pahala, village and post office, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Pahoa, village. Puna district, Hawaii. 

Paia, town and post office 10 miles east of Kahului Harbor, Maui. 
Palaau, large land division in Government ownership, northern Moloka' 
Palemanu, point south of Kealakekua Bay, west coast of Hawaii. 
Palikea, peak, Waianae Range, West Oahu; elevation, 3,111 feet. 
Pailolo, channel between Maui and Molokai Islands; width, 8 sea miles. 
Palolo, ditch diverting water from north side of Waikapu Stream, West Maui, for 

cane irrigation. 
Palolo, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 
Palolo, short stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises on southern slope of Olympus, 

Koolau Range; flows southward into sea; formed by junction of Waiamao and 

Pukele streams; water used principally for taro irrigation. 
Panaiinui, land division in Puna district, Hawaii. 
Papa, village, Soutii Kona district, Hawaii. 



GAZETTEER. 529 

Papaa, land division partly in Government ownership, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 

Papaa, small stream, Kawaihau district, Kauai; flows eastward into Papaa Bay. 

Papaa (Kulanakii), stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering 
sea near Maulua Gulch. 

Papaaea, small stream, Makawao district, Maui; flows northeastward into reservoir 
near Kailua. « 

Papaaloa, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
south of Papaaloa. 

Papaaloa, village, post office, and freight landing. North Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Papaikou, large land division. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Papaikou, village and freight landing. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Paukaa, land division. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Paumalu, land division in Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Pauoa, small stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows 
southwestward into Nuuanu Stream from the east; water used for taro irrigation. 

Pauwela, land division, Makawao district, Maui. 

Pauwela, village near Haiku, Makawao district, Maui. 

Peahi, village just west of Halehaku Gulch, Maui. 

Pearl City, town and post office near East Loch, Pearl Harbor, Oahu. 

Pearl Harbor, large landlocked arm of the Pacific Ocean, on south coast of Oahu, 
about 6 miles west of Honolulu; consists of East, Middle, and West Lochs; prin- 
cipal affluents, Halawa, Kalauao, Waimalu, Waiawa, and Waipahu streams, also 
numerous springs near sea level; contains Fords Island. Site of United States 
naval base and dry dock, now under construction. 

Pelekunu, large land division, partly in Government ownership, northern Molokai. 

Pelekunu, short stream, northern Molokai; rises at 4,500 feet elevation; flows north- 
ward into sea through Pelekunu Gulch, which is very deep; water used for taro 
irrigation; accessible only from the sea. 

Pepeekeo, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the 
sea just south of Pepeekeo post office. 

Pepeekeo, village, post office, and freight landing. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Piha, land division in Government ownership. North Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Piilani, ditch diverting water from north side of Kauaula Stream, West Maui, for cane 
irrigation. 

Piihonua, very large land division in Government ownership. South Hilo district, 
Hawaii. 

Pilaa, land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Poamoho, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in central Koolau Mountains; flows 
northwestward into Kaukonahua Stream from the east; water used for irrigation. 

Pohaku Hanalei, peak on northeastern slope of Mauna Loa, Hawaii; elevation, 
12,310 feet. 

Pohakunanaka, small stream on lower southeastern slope of Mauna Kea, entering 
the sea near Hilo, Hawaii. 

PohakupiH, peak on Kealia-Kapaa divide, Kauai; elevation, 2,589 feet. 

Pohakupuka, stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering sea near 
Maulua Gulch. 

Pohokea, homestead section, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Pokai, small bay at mouth of Waianae Stream, southwest Oahu. 

Poliahu, peak near summit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; elevation, 13,646 feet. 

Pololu, land division in Government ownership. North Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Pololu, stream, Kohala district, Hawaii; rises on northern slope of Kohala Mountains; 
flows northward into sea west of Honokane Gulch. 

Ponahawai, land division, South Hilo district, Hawaii. 

74323°— wsp 318—13 34 



530 WATER RESOURCES OF HAW AH. 

Poomau, short river, upper Waimea basin, Kauai; rises in Alakai Swamp; flows 

southwestward to Waimea River, its lower portion being in a deep canyon. 
Poopoo, stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea south of 

Maulua Gulch. 
Poowaiomahaihai, ditch, Waimea district, Kauai; diverts water from the south 

side of Makawel; River for taro and cane. 
Puako, village and freight landing (post office, Lalamilo), on Puako Bay, South 

Kohala district, Hawaii. 
Pukele, short stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises on southern slope of Kaau Crater; 

flows southward to junction with Waiamao Stream to form Palolo Stream. 
Pukihae, stream, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on lower southeastern slope of 

Mauna Kea; flows southeastward into sea, north of Hilo. 
Pukoo, harbor and landing on southeast coast of Molokai. 
Pulehunui, large land division, Wailuku and Makawao districts, Maui. 
Pulili, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; formed by junction 

of Kaleiiki and Kapena streams; enters the sea a short distance north of Honohina. 
Puna, district, Hawaii County; political subdivision in eastern Hawaii; population 

(1910), 6,834. 
Punahoa, land division, in South Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Punahou, main residential section of Honolulu, adjoining grounds of Oahu College, 

Oahu. 
Punakou, land division, southwestern Molokai, 
Punaluu, land division in Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Piinaluu, stream, Koolauloa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows north- 
eastward into sea; water used for irrigation. 
Punaluu, village and post office, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 
Punaluu, freight landing, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Punaluu, land division, Kau district, Hawaii. 

Punchbowl HUl, tufa crater just back of Honolulu; elevation, 498 feet. 
Puohakamoa, large stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; 

flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to Spreckels and Center ditches. 
Puolo, point west of Hanapepe Bay, Kauai. 
PuDwaina. See Punchbowl Hill. 
Pupukea, land division, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 
Puu Alaea, very small stream on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 

south of Laupahoehoe Gulch. 
Puuanahulu, very large land division in Government ownership. North Kona dis- 
trict, Hawaii. 
Puu Ehu, peak on Anahola Mountains, Kauai; elevation, 1,939 feet. 
Puueo, land division, South Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Puu Eu, peak on Kealia-Kalihiwai divide, Kauai; elevation, 2,747 feet. 
Puu Ka Pale, peak on western edge of Waimea Canyon, Kauai; elevation, 3,657 feet. 
Puukapu, large land division in Government ownership. South Kohala district, 

Hawaii. 
Puu Kukui, summit of West Maui; elevation, 5,790 feet. 

Puuloa, land division, Ewa district, Oahu, just west of entrance to Pearl Harbor. 
Puuloa, village and railway station, east of Pearl Harbor. 
Puu Lua, peak on western edge of Waimea Canyon, northwest of Puu Ka Pele, Kauai; 

elevation, 3,500 feet. 
Puumakaa, land division, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Puunene, town and post office, a few miles south of Kahului Harbor, Maui; site of 

Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co.'s mill, the largest in the islands. 
Puu Ohia. (See Tantalus.) 



GAZETTEER. 531 

Puuohua, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering sea 

south of Maulua Gulch. 
Puu Olii, very small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii, entering 

sea near Maulua Gulch. 
Puupehu, land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 
Puuwaawaa, large land division in Government ownership in North Kona district, 

Hawaii. 
Puu Waawaa, peak north of Hualalai, North Kona district, Hawaii; elevation, 3,824 

feet. 
Round Top, hill back of Honolulu, Oahu; elevation, 1,049 feet. 
Salt Lake, small lake in crater west of Honolulu, Oahu; called also Aliapaakai. 
Scofield Barracks, post office and cantonment of the United States Army at Leilehua, 

near the center of Oahu. 
Sisal, railway station, west of Ewa mill, in center of the sisal district, Ewa district, 

Oahu. 
Spreckels ditch, diversion from Honomanu Stream, East Maui, at about 1,500 feet 

elevation; extends westward across country, dropping successively into the 

various streams and taking out again at a lower elevation until it reaches Nailii- 

lihaele Stream at the intake of Haiku and Lowrie ditches. 
Spreckels ditch, diverts water from south side of Waihee Stream, West Maui, for cane 

irrigation. 
Spreckelsville, village, a few miles east of Kahului Harbor. 
Tantalus (or Puu Ohia), hill, Koolau Range, east Oahu; northeast of Honolulu; 

elevation, 2,013 feet. 
TJalakaa. (See Round Top.) 
TJhau lole, stream, Lihue district, Kauai; tributary to North Fork Wailua River from 

the north. 
Ukumehame, large land division in Government ownership, Lahaina district, Maui. 
Ukumehame, stream, Lahaina district, Maui; rises on southern slope of West Maui; 

flows southwestward into sea; water diverted through several ditches for cane 

irrigation. 
TJlupalakua, ranch and settlement on western slope of Haleakala, Maui, near Makena. 
Umauma, stream. South Hilo district, Hawaii; formed by the junction of Wailua 

and Haunapueo streams, rising on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, flowing north- 
eastward into sea near Hakalau. 
TJpolu, extreme northern point of Hawaii. 
Volcano House, hotel and post office on brink of Kilauea Crater, Hawaii; elevation, 

3,971 feet. 
Wahiawa, land division, Koloa district, Kauai. 
Wahiawa, large land division, partly in Government ownership, Waialua district, 

Oahu. 
Wahiawa, reservoir ditch diverting water from North and South Forks of Kauko- 

nohua Stream, below Wahiawa Dam, Oahu, for cane irrigation. 
Wahiawa, reservoir on Kaukonahua Stream, central Oahu; water used for cane 

irrigation. 
Wahiawa, stream, Koloa district, Kauai; rises on western slope of main divide; flows 

southwestward into sea. 
Wahiawa, village and post office on plateau in pineapple district near center of Oahu; 

reached by branch line of Oahu Railway from Waipahu. 
Wahikuli, gulch, Lahaina district, Maui; heads on western slope of west Maui; flood 

waters flow westward into sea. 
Wahiuli, land division in Government ownership, Lahaina district, Maui. 
Waiaaka, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on eastern slope of Haleakala; 

flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to Nahiku ditch. 



632 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Waiaama, stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the sea 
north of Kawainui Stream. 

Waiahi, stream, Lihue district, Kauai; tributary to South Fork Wailua River; water 
used for cane irrigation. 

Waiahole, land division, partly in Government ownership, Koolaupoko district, 
Oahu. 

Waiahole, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in central Koolau Mountains; 
flows southeastward into Kaneohe Bay; receives the flow of Waianu Stream 
from the north; water used for rice irrigation. 

Waiahole, village, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Waiakaa, large land division in Government ownership, Wailuku and Makawao 
districts, Maui. 

Waiakalua, small land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Waiakea, very large land division in Government ownership. South Hilo district, 
Hawaii. 

Waiakea, village and suburb of Hilo, on Hilo Bay, Hawaii. 

Waiakoa, post office, in Kula section, west Maui. 

Waiakoali, small stream, upper Waimea Basin, Kauai; tributary to Kawaikoi Stream 
from the east. 

Waialae, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Waialae, stream in central Waimea Basin, Kauai; rises on western slope of Waia- 
leale; flows westward and southwestward to Waimea River, with a fall of about 
2,500 feet within a short distance from its mouth. 

Waialeale, peak in central mountain mass of Kauai; elevation, 5,080 feet. 

Waialee, land division in Government ownership, Koolauloa district, Oahu. 

Waialua, district, in city and county of Honolulu; political subdivision in north- 
central Oahu; population (1910), 6,770. 

Waialua, land division, southeastern Molokai. 

Waialua, small bay at mouth of Anahula Stream, northwest Oahu. 

Waialua, village and post office, Waialua district, Qahu; site of Waialua Agricultural 
Co.'s mill. 

Waianae, district, in city and county of Honolulu; political subdivision in south- 
western Oahu; population (1910), 1,958. 

Waianae, land division partly in Government ownership, Waianae district, Oahu. 

Waianae, stream, Waianae district, Oahu; rises on south slope of Kaala Peak, Waia- 
nae Range; flows southwestward through Waianae Valley into sea; receives 
several tributaries in the upper part of its course ; water used for power, and cane 
irrigation. 

Waianae, village aud post office at mouth of Waianae Valley, Waianae district, Oahu; 
site of Waianae Co.'s mill. 

Waianae TJku, large land division, Waialua district, Oahu. 

Waianu, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in central Koolau Mountains; 
flows southeastward, entering Waiahole Stream from the north; water used for 
rice and taro irrigation. 

Waiau, lake, near smnmit of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; elevation, 13,041 feet. 

Waiau, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Waiawa, ditch, diverting freshet water from Waiawa Stream, Oahu, for cane irriga- 
tion. 

Waiawa, large land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Waiawa, residence of Knudsen Bros., proprietors of Waiawa Ranch, Waimea district, 
Kauai.. 

Waiawa, stream, Ewa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Movmtains; flows southwest- 
ward through Waiawa Gulch into Middle Loch of Pearl Harbor; receives flow of 
Manana Stream from the east; freshet water used for cane irrigation. 



GAZETTEER. 533 

Waiea, land division, partly in Government ownership, South Kona district, Hawaii. 

Waiehu, land division, Wailuku district, Maui. 

Waiehu, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 
north of Honohina. 

Waiehu, stream, Wailuku district, Maui; consists of two branches North and South 
Waiehu streams, rising on eastern slope of West Maui, and flowing eastward into 
sea; water diverted from both branches for cane irrigation. 

Waieli, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on southeastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows southeastward into sea. 

Waieli, stream, Ewa district, Oahu; tributary to Waikakalaua Stream from the west. 

Waihee, canal diverting water from south side of Waihee Stream, West Maui, for cane 
irrigation. 

Waihee, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Waihee, large land division, Wailuku district, Maui. 

Waihee, large stream, Wailuku district, Maui; rises on northeastern slope of West 
Maui near the summit; flows northeastward through a deep picturesque canyon 
into sea; water diverted through Waihee Canal and Spreckels ditch for cane 
irrigation and through several other smaller ditches for taro irrigation. 

Waihee, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows east- 
ward into Kaneohe Ba}^; water used for rice irrigation. 

Waihee, village and plantation camp, near mouth of Waihee Stream, East Maui. 

Waikakalaua, ditch, diverting water from south side of Waikakalaua Stream, Oahu, 
for cane irrigation. 

Waikakalaua, stream, Ewa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows south- 
ward joining Kipapa Stream from the west to form Waipahu Stream; freshet 
water used for cane irrigation. 

Waikamoi, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northern slope of Haleakala; flows 
northeastward into sea, contributing water to two ditches; tributary, Alo Stream. 

Waikane, land division, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Waikane, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in central Koolau Mountains; 
flows southeastward into Kaneohe Bay; water used for rice irrigation. 

Waikane, village and post office, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Waikapu, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Waikapu, large land division, Wailuku district, Maui. 

Waikapu, stream, Wailuku district, Maui; rises on eastern slope of West Maui, and 
flows eastward and southward, only flood water reaching the sea; water diverted 
through several ditches for cane irrigation. 

Waikapu, village and plantation camp, a few niiles south of Wailuku, Maui. 

Waikapu, South Side ditch, diversion from south side of Waikapu Stream, West 
Maui, for cane irrigation. 

Waikaumalo, land division, North Hilo district, Hawaii. 

Waikaumalo, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering 
sea north of Honohina. 

Waikele, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Waikiki, famous beach and bathing section of Honolulu City, Oahu. 

Waikoekoe, land division, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Waikoko, land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Waikola, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering the 
sea north of Waikaumalo Stream. 

Waikoloa, large land division. South Kohala district, Hawaii. 

Waikolu, land division in Government ownership, northern Molokai. 

Waikolu, short stream, northern Molokai; flows northwestward into sea through Wai- 
kolu Gulch and Valley; water used for taro irrigation. 

Wailau, large land division in Government ownership, northwestern Molokai, 



534 WATER RESOURCES OF HAWAII. 

Wailau, large stream, northeastern Molokai; rises at 4,900 feet elevation; flows north- 
eastward and northward into sea through Wailau Gulch, which is very deep; 
water used for taro irrigation; accessible only from the sea. 

Wailau, peak at head of Wailau Gulch, Molokai; elevation, 4,547 feet. 

Wailua, large land division in Government ownership, Lihue district, Kauai. 

Wailua, large stream, Lihue district, Kauai; formed by junction of North and South 
Forks of Wailua River; flows eastward into sea; receives flow of Opaikaa Stream 
from the north; water used for rice irrigation. 

Wailua, main tributary of Umauma Stream on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii. 

Wailua, North Fork, large stream, Lihue district, Kauai; rises on eastern slope of 
Waialeale; flows eastward to junction with South Fork to form main stream, 
receives several tributaries from the north; water used for cane irrigation. 

Wailua, South Fork, large stream, Lihue district, Kauai; rises on southeastern slope 
of Kawaikini; flows eastward to junction with North Fork to form main stream; 
receives numerous tributaries from north and south; water used for cane irriga- 
tion. 

Wailuaiki, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on the northeastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northeastward into sea near Wailua; supplies water to Koolau ditch. 

Wailuanui, stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northeastern slope of Haleakala; 
flows northeastward into sea, east of Keanae Valley; supplies water to Koolau 
ditch . 

Wailuku, district, Maui County; political subdivision in windward West Maui; pop- 
ulation (1910), 11,742. 

Wailuku, large land division, Wailuku district, Maui. 

Wailuku, river, South Hilo district, Hawaii; rises high up on southeastern slope of 
Mauna Kea; flows eastward into Hilo Bay, receiving in its course numerous tribu- 
taries from the north; southernmost stream in Hawaii. 

Wailuku, town and post office, about 3 miles west of Kahului Harbor, East Maui; 
county seat of Maui County; site of Wailuku Sugar Co.'s mill. 

Wailupe, land division, Honolulu district, Oahu. 

Waima, tributary of Waipio River, Hamakua district, Hawaii; rises on northern 
slope of Kohala Mountains, entering Waipio River from the west. 

Waimalu, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Waimalu, small stream, Ewa district, Oahu; rises in Koolau Mountains; flows south- 
westward through Waimalu Gulch into East Loch of Pearl Harbor; water used 
for cane irrigation dm-ing freshets. 

Waimanalo, ditch diverting water from various tributaries of Kailua Stream, Oahu, 
for irrigation of cane at Waimanalo. 

Waimanalo, land division, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Waimanalo, land division, in Government ownership, Koolaupoko district, Oahu. 

Waimanalo, shallow bay on southeast coast of Oahu. 

Waimanalo, stream, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; rises in southern Koolau Mountains; 
. flows northeastward into Waimanalo Bay; water used for cane irrigation. 

Waimanalo, village and post office, Koolaupoko district, Oahu; site of" Waimanalo 
Sugar Co.'s mill. 

Waimano, land division in Government ownership, Ewa district, Oahu. 

Waimanu, land division in Government ownership, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 

Waimanu, stream, Hamakua district, Hawaii; heads in Waimanu Gulch north of 
Waipio River; flows northward into sea, through Waimanu Valley. 

Waimea, bay at mouth of Waimea River, southwest Kauai. 

Waimea, district, Kauai County; political subdivision in southwestern Kauai; popu- 
lation (1910), 7,987. 

Waimea, ditch diverting water from Waimea River, Kauai, about 4 miles above its 
mouth. 



GAZETTEEE. ^ 535 

f 

Waimea, ditch, Waimea district, Kauai; diverts water from the west side of Waimea 

River for cane irrigation. 
Waimea, land division in Government ownership, Waimea district, Kauai; large, 

comprising about one-fifth of total area of island. 
Waimea, land division in Wailua district, Oahu. 
Waimea, picturesque canyon, Kauai; 2,000 to 3,000 feet deep; \ to 1^ miles wide, 

about 10 miles long; called "Miniature Grand Canyon." 
Waimea, river in Waimea land division, Kauai; rises in Alakai Swamp northwest of 

Waialeale Peak; flows southward through deep, picturesque canyon to Waimea 

Bay; length, about 15 miles, the longest on Kauai; receives principal tributaries 

from the east; water diverted for irrigation through Kekaha, Waimea, and smaller 

ditches. 
Waimea, small bay at mouth of Waimea Stream, northwest Oahu. 
Waimea, stream, Waialua district, Oahu; rises in northern Koolau Mountains; flows 

northwestward into Waimea Bay. 
Waimea, town and post office at mouth of Waimea River, Waimea district, Kauai. 
Waimea, very large land division. South Kohala district, Hawaii. 
Waimea, village (post oflice, Kamuela), on Waimea Plains, southeast of Kohala 

Mountains, Hawaii. 
Waimea, westernmost landing for freight and passengers on southern coast of Kauai . 
Wainaku, subiirb of Hilo and freight landing. South Hilo district, Hawaii. 
Wainiha, canal, Hanalei district, Kauai; diverts water from the west side of Wainiha 

River for power. 
Wainiha, large land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 
Wainilia, large stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; rises on northern slope of Waialeale: 

flows northward to Wainiha Bay; receives numerous short tributaries from east 

and west; water used for power and for irrigation of rice and taro in Wainiha 

Valley. 
Wainiha, post office and landing, Hanalei district, Kauai. 

Waioa, short stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; flows northward into Hanalei Bay. 
Waiohinu, large land division in Government ownership, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Waiohinu, village and post office, Kau district, Hawaii. 
Waioliue, small stream, Hana district, Maui; rises on northeastern slope of Halea- 

kala; flows northeastward into sea; supplies water to Koolau ditch. 
Waiohiili, large land division in Government ownership; Wailukuand Makawao dis- 
tricts, Maui. 
Waioli, land division, partly in Government ownership, Hanalei district, Kauai. 
Waioli, short stream, Hanalei district, Kauai; flows northward into Hanalei Bay. 
Waiomao, short stream, Honolulu district, Oahu; rises on southern slope of Olympus, 

Koolau Range; flows southward to junction with Pukele Stream to form Palolo 

Stream. 
Waipa, land division, Hanalei district, Kauai. 
Waipahoehoe, stream, Hilo district, Hawaii; rises on eastern slope of Mauna Kea; 

flows southeastward into sea south of Papaikou. 
Waipahu, stream, Ewa district, Oahu; formed by junction of Kipapa and Waikahalaua 

streams; flows southward into West Loch of Pearl Harbor; water used for rice 

irrigation. 
Waipahu, town and post office on West Loch of Pearl Harbor, Oahu; site of Oahu 

Sugar Co. 's mill. 
Waipake, small land division, Hanalei district, Kauai, 
Waipau, long gulch, Waimea district, Kauai. 
Waipio, land division, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 
Waipio, large land divisicm, Ewa district, Oahu. 



536 WATEK RESOUECES OF HAW AH. 

Waipio, river, Hamakua district, Hawaii; rises on northeastern slope of Kohala 

Mountains; flows eastward and northeastward into sea through Waipio Valley; 

receives the flow of Kawainui, Alakahi, Koiawe, and Waima streams; source of 

Hamakua ditches. 
Waipio, village at mouth of Waipio Valley, Hamakua district, Hawaii. 
Waipouli, land division, Kawaihau district, Kauai. 
Waipunalei, A'ery small stream on eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 

north of Laupahoehoe. 
Walbridge, ditch diverting water from south side of lao Stream, West Maui, for cane 

irrigation . 
Watertown, village and post office at entrance to Pearl Harbor, Oahu. 
Weliweli, land division, Koloa district, Kauai. 
Weloka, small stream on lower eastern slope of Mauna Kea, Hawaii; entering sea 

just north of Maulua Gulch. 
Wilcox ditch, Koloa district, Kauai; diverts water from the south side of Huleia 

Stream for cane irrigation. 
Woods ditch, Kohala district, Hawaii; under construction for cane irrigation. 



INDEX. 



A. Page. 

Aakukul, rainfall at, records of 423 

Aecuraey of data 31-32 

Acknowledgements to those aiding 13-14 

Acre-foot, definition of 24 

Agricultural products, dependence of, on 

irrigation IS 

value of exports 15 

Ahole Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements on 391 

Ahuimanu, rainfall at, records of 442 

Aiea, ditches near, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements on 186 

Honolulu plantation well at, section of. . . 192 
water pumped from, monthly sum- 
mary of 193 

rainfall at, records of 436-437 

Ainone ditch, discharge measurement 185 

Upper Kailua ditch below, discharge 

measurements 185 

Akulikuli Springs near Kapaa, records of 

flow of 114-115 

Alatahi, rainfall at, records of 478 

Alakahi Stream near Waipio, records of flow 

of 400-401 

Alalakeiki Channel, width of 197 

Aleamai Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements on 390 

Alenuihaha Channel, width of 197, 332 

Alexander & Baldwin (Ltd.), assistance by.. 13 

Alexander, F. A., assistance by 14 

Alexander, Sam, Baldwin, H. P., and, old 

Hamakua ditch built by 98 

Allotment, Board of, appointment of 12 

Allotment, Federal 13 

Territorial ; . . . 13 

Alo division weir, Koolau ditch at, records of 

flow of 262-268 

Alo Stream near Huelo, records of Saw of . . . 274-276 
Amalu Stream, Honokawai Stream below 

jvmction with 256 

near Lahauia, above junction with Hono- 
kawai Stream, discharge meas- 
urement 257 

Anahola ditch near Kealia, records of flow of, 

at Kiokala 132-135 

at Makai weir 135-137 

Anahola-Kealia-Kalihiwai divide, rainfall on, 

records of 426 

Anahola River above confluence with Kea- 
oopu Stream, discharge measure- 
ment 143 

diversions from 128 

Keaoopu Stream above confluence with, 

discharge measurement 143 

near Kealia, records of flow of, above dam 

at Kiokala 129-130 



Page. 

Anahola River basin, position and area of . . . 128 

rainfall in i28 

Anahula-Opaeula divide, rainfall on, records 

of 441 

Appropriations for water-resources investiga- 
tions 11 

Auau Channel, width of 197 

Austin, C. J., assistance by 14 

Authority for investigations II-12 

Awini, rainfall at, records of 479 

Awini Stream basin, rainfall in, records of 479 

B. 

Baldwin, B. D., assistance by 14 

Baldwin, F. F., assistance by 14 

Baldwin, H. A., assistance by 14 

Baldwin, H. P., and Alexander, Sam, Old 

Hamakua ditch built by 298 

Ball, W. E., assistance by 14 

Banana plantation near Honolulu, view of, 

plate showing I6 

Bishop (B. P.) Estate, assistance by 14 

Bluett, P. W. P., assistance by 14 

Boyd ditch, discharge measurements 159, 160 

Brecht, E., assistance by 14 

Brecht, O., assistance by 14 

Brewer (C.) & Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 13 

Bridge gaging station, view of, plate showing. 22 

measurements at 22 

Broadbent, E. H. W., assistance by 14 

Bull, E. K., assistance by 14 

Bureau of Forestry, assistance by 13 

C. 

Cable station, view of, plate showing 22 

measurements at 22 

Campbell, Marston, appointed member of 

board of allotment 12 

assistance by 13 

Castle & Cook (Ltd.), assistance by 13 

Castle, J. B., assistance by 14 

Center ditch near Huelo, records of flow of. . 294-297 

Center ditch region, area tributary to 294 

rainfall in, records of 456 

China ditch near Hanalei, records of flow of. . 138 
Coast and Geodetic Survey magnetic station, 

rainfall at, records of 439 

Cockett, Pia, assistance by 14 

Coefficients for reducing velocity determina- 
tions to the mean 21 

Collins, A. W., assistance by 14 

Computations, accuracy of 31-32 

methods of making 26-29 

Cooke, J. P., appointed chairman of board of 

allotment 12 

assistance by 13 

537 



538 



INDEX. 



Page. 

Cooperative agreement, features of 12 

("oral along coasts of Maui Island, occurreneeof. 198 

Coral reefs of Oahu 147 

Culvert Creek near VVailuku, discharge 

measurement 256 

Current meters, features of 19-20 

use of, in measuring velocity of streams. . 19-22 

view of, plate showing 18 

D. 

Davies & Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 13 

Ditch country. East Maui, investigations in. . 259 

rainfall in 259 

records of flow in 2G0-330 

Dodge, F. B., work of 13 

Dodge, F. S., assistance by 14 

E. 
East Branch. See name of main stream. 

Eckart, C. F., assistance by 13 

Ehui (Peleau) Stream, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements on 391 

Eleele, Hanapepe ditch near, records of flow. 81-85 

Hanapepe River near, records of flow 77-80 

Hiloa ditch near, records of flow at Hana- 
pepe FaUs 87-88 

Hiloa Stream near, records of flow 86 

rainfall at, records of 419 

Eneamo ditch near Kekaha ditch siphon, 

discharge measurement 144 

Equivalents for use in hydraulic computa- 
tions 25 

Erehwon (Kula), rainfall at, records of 4C0 

Evaporation, methods of measuring 487 

on Hawaii Island, records of 491 

on Kauai Island, records of 487-489 

on Oahu Island, records of 490 

Everett ditch. See Palolo ditch. 

Ewa, ditches near, discharge measurements.. 186 

Ewa plantation, rainfall at, records of 439 

Ewa Plantation Co., assistance by 14 

water pumped by, at Ewa MUl.moulhly 

summary of 194-195 

Expenditures for investigations 13 

F. 

Fairchild, G. H., assistance by 14 

Fassoth, John, assistance by 14 

Faye, H. P. , assistance by 14 

Fleming, D. T., assistance by 14 

Floats, subsurface, use of, in measuring ve- 
locity of streams 19 

Forestry, Bureau of, assistance by 13 

Eraser, De.xter, work of 13 

Frear, Walter F., board of allotment ap- 
pointed by 12 

G. 

Gages, datum of 22 

placing of 22 

Gages, automatic, essential features of 23 

Gaging stations, classes of 17, 26-29 

list of 32-35 

sites for, selection of 22 

types of, view of, plates showing 16, 19 

Gallons per minute, definition of 24 

Gartley, Alonzo, assistance by 13 

Gay & Robinson, assistance by 14 



Page. 

Gay, Francis, assistance by 14 

Gazetteer 50U-536 

Geographic names, glossary of 498-506 

Gibb, George, assistance by 14 

Gibb, James, assistance by 14 

Gilmore, J. W., assistance by 14 

Glossary of geographic names 498-506 

Goo, E. E., work of 13 

Goodale, W. W., assistance by 14 

Green Lake, features of 335 

Grove Farm, rainfall at, records of 424 

Grove Farm Plantation, assistance by 14 

H. 

Hackfield (H.) & Co. (Ltd.), assistance by . . 13 

Hackfleld, J. F., assistance by 13 

Haiku, rainfall at, records of 459 

Haiku ditch near Hamakuapoko, discharge 

measurements 330 

near Huelo, records of flow of, at Peahi 

weir 328-330 

Haipuaena Stream near Huelo, records of 

flow of 268-271 

Hakalau, rainfall at, records of 469 

Hakalau mauka, rainfall at, records of 469 

Hakalau Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements on 391 

Hakalau Stream basin, rainfall in, records of. 469 

Halaula, rainfall at, records of 427 

Halawa Stream basin, rainfall in, records of. 436-437 

Haleakala crater, altitude of 198 

features of 198 

Haleakala ranch, rainfall at, records of 457 

Halehaku Stream near Huelo, records of flow 

of 312-315 

Halehaku weir, New Hamakua ditch at, 

records of flow of 320-322 

Halekua Stream, below Koholoina Stream, 

discharge measurement 143 

Koholoina Stream above confluence with, 

discharge measurement 143 

Halemanu Stream, Kauai Island, discharge 

measurement 143 

Halona Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements of 183, 186 

near Waikane, records of flow of 182 

Hamakua ditch (Hawaii Island), New, near 

Kukuikaele, records of flow of . 395-397 

near Waipio, records of flow of 395 

water of 392 

weir on, view of, plate showing 346 

Old or upper, water of 392 

Hamakua ditch (Maui Island), New, Hale- 
haku Stream at, records of flow 

of 314-315 

length and capacity of 298 

near Huelo, records of flow of ,at Halehaku 

weir 320-322 

records of flow of, at NaiUiUhaele 

weir 318-320 

Old , length and capacity of 298 

NailulihaeleltLlu Stream below intake 

of 330 

NaUiQihaele Stream below intake of, 

discharge measurements 330 

near Huelo, records of flow of, at 

Opanaweir... 322-324 



INDEX. 



539 



Page. 
Hamakua ditch region, Maul Island, fea- 
tures of 298 

streams and ditches of, records of flow of 298-330 
Hamakua group of stre ms, Hawaii Island, 
miscellaneous discharge measure- 
ments of 402 

position of 392 

records of flow of 392-402 

Hamakuapoko, Haiku ditch near, discharge 

measurements 330 

Kaluanui ditch near, records of flow of. 324-320 
Lowrie ditch near, discharge measure- 
ments 330 

Hana, rainfall at and near, records of 454 

Hanahanapuni, rainfall at, records of 425 

Hanalei, China ditch near, records of flow of. 138 

rainfall at, records of 428 

Waioli Stream near, discharge measure- 
ment 143 

Hanalei River, diversions from 138 

divide between North Fork of Wailua 

River and, rainfall on, records of. 425 

near Hanalei, records of flow of 138 

Hanalei River basin, area and position of 137 

rainfall in 138 

Hanalei-KaUhiwai divide, rainfall on, rec- 
ords of 428 

Hanamaula, rainfall at, records of 424 

Hanam ulu ditch near Lihue, records of 

flow.. 98-101 

Hanamaulu River near Lihue , records of flow 88-89 

Hanamaulu River basin, features of 88 

rainfall in 88 

Hanapepe, rainfall at Camp No. 2 near, rec- 
ords of 418 

Hanapepe ditch, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements of 144 

near Eleele, records of flow at Hanapepe 

Falls 81-82 

records of flow at Koula 82-85 

near Makaweli, records of flow 85 

Hanapepe Falls, Hanapepe ditch near, rec- 
ords of flow 81-82 

Hanapepe River at, records of flow 77 

Hiloa ditch at , records of flow 87-88 

Hiloa Stream at, records of flow 86 

rainfall below, record of 41 

Hanapepe-Hiloa divide, rainfall on, record of. 417 

Hanapepe River basin, features of 76 

rainfall in 76 

records of 417-418 

Hanapepe River, branches of 76 

cable station on, view of, plate showing. 19 

diversions from 76 

falls on 76 

Manuahi Stream above confluence with, 

discharge measurement 143 

near Eleele, records of flow at Hanapepe 

FaUs 77 

records of flow at Koula 78-80 

Hanapepe Valley, rainfall in, records of 4i 

Hanawai Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Hapea, lower, rainfall at, records of 473 

Hapea, mauka, rainfall at, records of 472-473 

Hardy, W. V., work of 13 

Harvey, P. E., assistance by 14 



Page. 
Haunapueo Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Hauula, Kaipapau Stream near, records of 

flow of 174 

Kaluanui Stream near, recor. s of flow 

of 174-175 

Hawaii, College of, assistance by 14 

Manoa Stream at, records of flow 

of 155-157 

Hawaii Island, area of 332 

evaporation on, records of 491 

gaging stations on, list of records obtained 

at 35 

map showing End of volume. 

lava flows of 335 

view of, plate showing 198 

map of, showing location of gaging sta- 
tions End of volume. 

origin of 333, 335 

position of 332 

rainfall on 333, 334 

records of 462-486 

shape of 332 

springs and underground waters of... 335,408 

streams of 333, 334, 335 

streams of, list of 508-509 

temperature on, records of 494-955 

volcanoes of 333 

Hawaiian Commercial & Sugar Co., assist- 
ance by 14 

camp No. 7, rainfaU at, records of 459 

water pumped by, at Puunene, monthly 

summary of 332 

Hawaiian Irrigation Co. (Ltd.), assistance by. 14 
Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association, assist- 
ance by 13 

Hawaiian Sugar Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 14 

Hawaiian words, list of those in common 

use 496-497 

pronunciation of 496-498 

Hawi mill, rainfall at, records of 481 

Heeia, rainfall at, records of 442 

Henderson, James, assistance by 14 

HUea, rainfall at, records of 483 

Hilo, breakwater at, records of rainfall at 465 

forest back of, rain gages in 346 

view of, plate showing 334 

Honolii River near 341-344 

Maili Stream near, discharge measure- 
ments 390 

rainfall at, records of 455 

rainfall in forest back of 349 

streams between Laupahoehoe and, mis- 
cellaneous discharge measure- 
ments 390-391 

streams in forest back of, at 2,500-foot 

level, combined flow of 347-348 

at 2,500-foot level, features of 346 

records of flow of, at stations . . . 349-389 
at 1,800 to 2,000 foot level, miscella- 
neous measurements 389-390 

temperature at, records of 494 

Uhakauwai Stream near, discharge meas- 
urements 390 

WaUuku River near, discharge, area, and 

mean velocity curves for 339 

minimum discharge of. 347 

records of flow of 337-340 



540 



INDEX, 



Page. 
Hllo group of streams, area drained by, rain- 
fall on 336 

features of 336 

low-water periods in 347 

miscellaneous discharge measurements 

in 391-392 

records of flow of 336-38S 

Hilo Sugar Co., assistance by 14 

Hilo water reservation, discharge measure- 
ment 392 

Hiloa ditch near Eleele, records of flow at 

Hanapepe Falls 87-88 

BUloa-Hanapepe divide, rainfall on, record of. 417 
Hiloa Stream near Eleele, records of flow at 

Hanapepe Falls 86 

Hoaeae, evaporation at, records of 490 

rainfall at, records of 438 

Hokumahoe Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Homestead, rainfall at, records of 420 

Honohina, rainfall at, records of 469 

HonoUi ditch near, records of flow of 344 

HonoUi River near, diagram showingfluc- 

tuation in stage of 342 

records of flow of 341-344 

Honokaa, rainfall at and near, records of 477 

Honokahau, Honokahau ditch near, miscel- 
laneous discharge measurements. 257 
Honokahau ditch near, records of flow 

of 248-254 

Honokahau Stream near, records of flow 

of 247-248 

Honolua ditch near, records of flow of 247 

Honolua Stream near, records of flow of. 246-247 

Honokahau Stream, diversions from 247 

near Honokahau, records of flow of 247-248 

Honokahau Stream basin, position of 247 

rainfall in 247 

records of 452-453 

Honokahau ditch near Honokahau, miscel- 
laneous discharge measurements . 257 
near Honokahau, records of flow of, above 

Honolua Stream 252-254 

records of flow of, at intake 248-252 

near Lahaina, records of flow of 254-256 

Honokahua ditch intake, rainfall at, r ecords 

of 453 

Honokahua Gulch, rainfall at, records of 453 

Honokane, East and West branches of Hono- 
kane Stream near, records of flow 

of 404-405 

rainfall at, records of 479 

Honokane Stream, branches of, diversions 

from 403 

branches of, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 407 

near Honokane, records of flow of. . . 404-405 
Honokane Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 

rainfall in 403 

records of 479 

Honokawai ditch below power house, dis- 
charge measurement 257 

Honokawai Gulch, rainfall at, records of 451 

Honokawai power house, Honokawai ditch 

below, discharge measurement . . . 257 
rainfall at, records of 451 



Page. 
Honokawai Stream near Kaanapali, dis- 
charge measurement 256 

near Lahaina, records of flow of. . . .- 244-246 

tributary of 244 

Honokawai Stream basin, position of 244 

rainfall in, records of 450-451 

Honokawai tunnels near Kaanapali, dis- 
charge measurements 258 

HonoUi ditch at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, records 

of flow of 344 

Honolii River at Kaiwiki, near Hilo, records 

of flow of 341-344 

diversions from 341 

minimum discharge of 347 

near HUo, diagram showing fluctuation 

in stage of 343 

view of, plate showing 334 

tributaries of 340-341 

combined flow of 347 

Honolii River basin, features of 340-341 

Honolii Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Honolua, rainfall at, records of 453 

Honolua ditch near Honokahau, records of 

flow of 247 

Honolua ranch, assistance by 14 

Honolua Stream near Honokahau, records of 

flow of 246-247 

Honolua Stream basin, position of 246 

Honolulu, banana plantation near, view of, 

plate showing 15 

evaporation at, records of 490, 491 

flowing wells in and near, miscellaneous 

discharge measurements 188-189 

Kahuawai spring near, discharge measure- 
ments 188 

Luakaha ditch near, records of flow of. . 166-168 
Lulumaho ditch near, records of flow of. 164r-166 
Manoa Stream near, records of flow of. . 152-159 
Nuuaau Stream at, reoords of flow of. . 163-164 
Pauoa Stream near, records of flow of.. 160-162 

rainfall at, records of 432-434, 435, 436 

springs in and near, discharge measure- 
ments 188 

temperature at, records of 493 

Waiomao Stream near, records of flow 

of 149-151 

Honolulu Plantation Co. , assistance by 14 

water pumped by, at Aiea, monthly sum- 
mary of 193 

well of, section of 192 

Honomanu, rainfall at, records of 455 

temperature at, records of 494 

Honomu Stream, misceUaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Honopou Stream near Huelo, records of flow 

of 310-312 

Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo, records of 

flow of 306-308 

Hoolawanui Stream near Huelo, records of 

flow of ,08-310 

Homer, Albert, assistance by 14 

Homer, Robert, assistance by 14 

Hosmer, R. S., assistance by... 13 

Howell, Hugh, assistance by 14 

Hualalai Mountain, features of 334 

Hubbard, S. E., assistance by.... 14 



INDEX, 



541 



Page. 

Huehiie, rainfafi at, records of 481 

Hnekipo, Kekaha ditch below, discharge 

raeasurements 144 

Huelripo weir, Kekaha ditch above, discharge 

measurement 144 

Huelo, Alo Stream near, records of flow of. 274-276 
Center ditch near, records of flow of — 294-297 
Haiku ditch near, records of flow of — 328-330 
Haipuaena Stream near, records of flow 

of 268-271 

Halehaku Stream near, records of flow 

of 312-315 

Honopou Stream near, records of flow 

of 310-312 

Hoolawaliilii Stream near Huelo, records 

of flow of 306-308 

Hoolawanui Stream near, records of flow 

of 308-310 

Kaflua Stream near, records of flow of . 301-303 
Koolau ditch near, records of flow of. . . 262-268 
Lowrie ditch near, records of flow of . . . 326-328 
Nafliilihaele Stream near, discharge 

measurements 330 

records of flow of 298-301 

Nailiilihaeleliilii Stream near, discharge 

measurements 330 

New Hamakua ditch near, records of 

flow of 318-322 

Oanui Stream near, records of flow of. . 303-306 
Old Hamakua ditch near, records of flow 

of 322-324 

Oopuola Stream near, records of flow 

of 278-281 

Opana ditch near, records of flow of 317-318 

Opana Stream near, records of flow of — 316 
Puohakamoa Stream near, records of 

flow of 271-273 

Spreckels ditch near, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 330 

records of flow of 281-294 

Waikamoi Stream near, records of flow 

of 276-278 

Hulei River basin, rainfall in, records of. . . 422-423 
HuliUii Stream, discharge measurement .... 391 
Huluhulunui bridge, Kekaha ditch near, dis- 
charge measurements 144 

Humuula, rainfall at, records of 463 

temperature at, records of 495 

Hundley, S. N., assistance by 14 

I. 

lao Stream, diversions from 218 

near Wailuku, discharge measurements 

above and below gaging station. . 256 

rainfall at, records of 446 

records of flow of 218-221 

source of water of 218 

lao Stream basin, area of 218 

position of 218 

rainfall in, records of 445-446 

topography of 218 

lao tunnels near Wailuku, discharge meas- 
urements 258 

lao Valley, views in, plate showing 198 

lao Valley cave, rainfall at, records of 445 

lao Valley tableland, rainfall on, records of. . 446 
Int^ration method of measuring stream flow . 21 



Page. 

Investigations, authority for 11-12 

Irrigation systems, need for study of 15 

Isenberg (Tantalus), rainfall at, records of. . . 431 

J. 

Jorgcnsen, Jorgen, assistance by 14 

Judd, C. S., assistance by 13 

K. 

Kaahaktni Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Kaaikahi Spring, discharge measurement 163 

Kaala Gulch, rainfall at, records of 440 

Kaala Peak, altitude of 146 

Kaanapali, Honokawai Stream near, dis- 
charge measurement 256 

Honokawai tunnels near, discharge meas- 
urements 258 

rainfall at, records of 452 

temperature at, records of 494 

Kaau Stream, discharge measurement 152 

Kaehulua Stream,weirs on branches of, records 

of flow over 108-109 

Kaehulua Stream basia, position of 106-107 

Kahana-Makuone divide, rainfall on, record 

of 415 

Kahana Stream, discharge measurement 177 

Kahana Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements in 177 

position of 177 

Kahina Pukii Stream, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 391 

Kahoalele Falls, view of, plate showing 38 

Kahoma ditch near Lahaina, records of 

flow of. 243-244 

Kahoma ditch, Old, near Lahaina, discharge 

measurements 257 

Kahoma Stream near Lahaina, records of 

flow of 242-243 

Kahoma Stream basin, position of 241 

Kahoolawe Island, rainfall on, records of... 460-461 
Kahuawai Spring near Honolulu, discharge 

measurements 188 

Pauoa Stream below, records of flow of. 160-162 
Pauoa Stream near, discharge measure- 
ment 163 

Kahuku, rainfall at, records of. 441 

Kahului, rainfall at, records of 448 

Kaieie Stream, diversion ditch from, dis- 
charge measurement 390 

miscellaneous discharge measurements... 390 

Kaieie Waho chaimel, width of 36 

Kaikekee ditch, discharge measurements 186 

Kailua ditch. Upper, above Waimanalo res- 
ervoir, discharge measurement... 185 
below Ainone ditch, discharge measure- 
ment 185 

Kailua, rainfall at, records of 456 

Kailua-Maiioa divide, rainfall on, records of. . 431 
Kailua Stream near Huelo, records of How of 301-303 
Kailua Stream, Middle ForK, discharge 

measurement 185 

Kailua Stream, North Fork, discharge 

measurement 185 

Kailua Stream, South Fork, discharge 

measurement 185 



542 



INDEX. 



Page. 
Kailua Stream basin, diversions from, to 

Waimanalo basin 185 

miscellaneous discharge measurements in 185 

position of iS5 

rai-'ifall in, records of 4-12 

Kainahola weir, position of 107 

records of flow over, near Kapaa 108 

Kaipapau Stream near Hauula, records of 

flow of 173-174 

Kaipapau Stream basin, position of 173-174 

Kaiwi channel, width of. . .• 145 

Kaiwiki, Honolii ditch at, records of flow of. 344 
Hololii River at, diagram showing fluc- 
tuation in stage of 343 

records of flow of 341. 344 

view of, plate showing 334 

Kalana Auwai ditch (north side) above Wai- 

luku, discharge measurement 257 

Kalaoa Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 390 

Kalehuahakihaki Stream, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

Kaleukiand Kapena streams, discharge meas- 
urements, below confluence 391 

Kalihi, section of well at 192 

Kalihi Stream, above all diversions, discharge 

measurements 169 

use of, for irrigation 169 

Kalihi Stream basia, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements in 169 

position of 168 

Kalihiwai above Kalihiwai village, discharge 

measurement 143 

Kalihiwai- Anahola-Kealia divide, rainfall on, 

records of 426 

KalUiiwai-Hanalei divide, rainfall on, records 

of 428 

Kaliula, rainfall at, records of 432 

Kalopa, rainfall at, records of 476 

Kaluanui ditch below intake, discharge meas- 
urement 175 

near Hamakuapoko, records of flow of, at 

Puuomalei 324-326 

Kaluanui Stream, diversions from 174 

miscellaneous discharge measurements ... 175 

near Hauula, records of flow of 174-175 

Kaluanui Stream basin, position of 174 

Kama Auwai (south side) ditch above Wai- 

luku, discharge measurements. . . 257 
Kamenehune ditch near Waimea, records of 

flow 68-69 

Kamoola ditch, rainfall at, records of 422 

Kanaha ditch near Lihue, records of flow. . 105-106 
Kaneha, Kaneha ditch at, records of flow of. 125-127 
Kaneha ditch, below intake, discharge meas- 
urement 144 

near Kealia, records of flow of 125-127 

Kaneohe, rainfall at, records of 442 

Kaneohoe Stream, North Branch, discharge 

measurements 184 

Kaneohoe Stream, South Branch, discharge 

measurements 184 

Kaneohe Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements of 184 

position of 184 

rainfall in, records of 442 

Kaoheiki Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 



Page. 

Kapaa, Akulikuli Springs near, records of 

flow of 114-115 

Kainahola weir near, records of flow over . 108 

Kapaa ditch near, records of flow of 121-123 

Kapaa River near, records of flow 111-114 

Kapahi ditch near, records of flow of... 115-117 
Kuhinoa weir nestf, records of flow over. . 110 
Makaknalele weir near, records of flow 

over 107-108 

Pipe ditch near, records of flow of 1 23-125 

Rice ditch near, discharge measurement. 144 
Tunnel ditch near, records of flow of.. . 118-120 
Wainamuamu weir near, records of flow 

over 109 

Kapaa ditch near Kapaa, records of flo^\ of, at 

Kapahi 121-123 

Kapaa River, Ijelow confluence of Kealia and 
Kapaa streams, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

branches of Ill 

divide between North Fork of WaUua 

River and, rainfall on, records of. . 426 

near Kapaa, records of flow 111-114 

Kapaa River basin, features of Ill 

rainfall in ill 

records of 426, 427 

Kapaa Stream, above confluence with Kealia 

Stream, discharge measurement. . 143 

diversions from Ill 

Kapaa River below confluence of with 
Kealia Stream, discharge meas- 

mement 143 

KeaUa Stream above confluence with, 

discharge measurement 143 

Kapahehe Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Kapahi, Kapaa ditch at, records of flow of. . 121-123 

Kapaa River at, records of flow 111-114 

Kapahi ditch at, records of flow of 115-117 

Pipe ditch at, records of flow of 123-125 

ratufall at, records of 427 

Tunnel ditch at, records of flow of 118-120 

Kapahi ditch, discharge measurement 144 

near Kapaa, records of flow of, at 

Kapahi 115-117 

Kapaia, Hanamauhi River at, records of flow. 88-89 
Kapaia Stream basin, rainfall in, records of. . . 424 

Kapaka, rainfall at, records of 428 

Kapapala ranch, rainfall at, records of 484 

Kapeha Stream, Hawaii, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 390 

Kapehu Stream. Hawaii, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 391 

Kapehuaala Peak, altitude of Ill 

Kapena and Kaleiiki streams, discharge meas- 
urements, below confluence 391 

Kapoho, rainfall at, records of 485 

Kapue Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Kapuna ditch, north side, above Waihee, dis- 
charge measurements 257 

Kau, rainfall at, records of 483 

Kauai Electric Co. (Ltd. ), assistance by 14 

Kauai Electric Co. power house, rainfall at, 

record of 429 

Kauai Island, agricultiuul products of 38 

comparison of, with the other islands 37-38 



INDEX. 



543 



Page. 

Kauai Island, dimensions of. 36 

erosion on 38 

evaporation on, records of 487-489 

gaging stations on, list of 32-33 

records obtained at 39-142 

map of, showing location of gaging sta- 
tions End of volume. 

miscellaneous stream measurements on. . 143 

population of 38 

pumped water on 144 

rainfall on ^ 

rainfall stations on, lists of 410, 429 

records at 410-429 

streams of, list of 506 

temperature on, records of 492-493 

topography of 36-37 

vegetation of 38 

Kauaikanana Stream, discharge measure- 
ment 143 

Kauaula ditch near Lahaina, discharge meas- 
urement 257 

Kauaula Stream near Lahaina, discharge 
measurement, above Piilani 

ditch 256 

records of flow of 238 

Kauaula Stream basia, area and position 

of 237-238 

Kauaula weirs near Lahaina, records of flow 

over 238-239 

Kaueleau, rainfall at, records of 485 

Kaukonahua Stream, branches of 169 

North Fork of, near Wahiawa, records of 

flow of 170 

South Fork, near Wahiawa, records of 

flow of 169-170 

Kaukonahua Stream basin, position of 169 

rainfall in 169 

records of 440 

Kawaiiki, rainfall at, records of 441 

Kawaikini Peak, altitude of 36 

Kawaikoi Stream near Waimea, records of 

flow 43-48 

Kawainui, Kawainui River at, records of 

flow of 345 

Kawainui, lower, rainfall at, records of ... 478 

Kawainui mauka, rainfall at, records of 478 

Kawainui River at Kawainui, near Pepeekeo, 

records of flow of 345 

branches of 344 

miscellaneous discharge measurements.. 390 
near Pepeekeo, flume and trestle across, 

view of, plate showing 346 

Kawainui River basin, features of 344 

Kawainui of Waipio River, branches of, near 

Waipio, records of flow of 399-400 

near Waipio, records of flow of 393, 398-399 

Kawalii Stream, discharge measurement 402 

Keaalau Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Keahua, Lowrie ditch near, discharge meas- 
urements: 330 

Kealia, Kaui, Anahola ditch near, records of 

flow of 132-137 

Anahola River near, records of flow of. . 129-132 

evaporation at, records of 489 

Kaneha ditch near, records of flow of. . . 125-127 
rainfall at, records of 427 



Page. 

Kealia^ Anahola-Kalihiwai divide, Kauai Is- 
land, rainfall on , records of 426 

Kealia, Kahoolawe Island, rainfall at 461 

Kealia Stream, above confluence with Kapaa 

Stream, discharge measurement. 143 

application of name m 

diversions from m 

Kapaa Stream above confluence, with, 

discharge measurement 143 

Kapaa River below confluence of, with 
Kapaa Stream, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

Keanae, Koolau ditch near, records of flow 

of 260-262 

rainfall at and near, records of 455 

Keanakolu, rainfall at, records of 470 

Keanakua, rainfall at, record of ■. . 415 

Keaoopu Stream, above confluence with Ana- 
hola River, discharge measure- 
ment 143 

Anahola River ab ve confluence with, 

discharge measurement 1 43 

mention of 128 

Kehaka, rainfall at, record of 417 

Kekaha ditch, miscellaneous measurements 

of 144 

near Waimea, records of flow, above si- 
phon 63-64 

records of flow, at flume No. 3 62-63 

at intake 59-62 

at weir below tunnel No. 12 64-67 

Kekaha Sugar Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 14 

Keneohoe Stream, ditches from, discharge 

measurements of 184 

miscellaneous discharge measurements of 184 
Kihalani Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Kihei, rainfall at, records of 460 

Kikola Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 390 

Kilau Stream, misceUaneous discharge meas- 
urements 391 

Kilauea crater, Hawaii Island, featrues of. . 334-334 

Klilauea, Kauai, rainfall at, records of 425 

temperature at, records of 493 

Kilauea Sugar Plantation Co., assistance by. 14 

Kilohana, rainfall at, record of 410 

Kilohana crater: 

altitude of 88 

rainfall at, records of 423 

Kiokala, Anahola ditch at, records of flow 

of 132-135 

Anahola River at and above dam at, 

records of flow of 129-132 

Knudsen, Augustus, assistance by 14 

Knudsen, Eric, assistance by 14 

Koaie-Mohihi divide, rainfall on, record of. . . 411 
Koaie Stream above confluence with Waimea 

River, discharge measurement... 143 
Waimea River above confluence with, 

discharge measurement 143 

Kohala, Kohala ditch near, records of flow 

of 405-407 

Kohala Ditch Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 14 

Kohala ditch, Hawaii Island, near Kohala, 

records of flow of 405-407 

Kohala group of streams, members of 403 



544 



INDEX, 



Page. 
Kotaala group of streams, miscellaneous dis- 
charge' measurements 407 

records of flow of 403-407 

Kohala (Maulili), rainfall at, records of 480 

Kohala mill, rainfall at, records of 480 

Kohala mission, rainfall at, records of 480 

Kohala Mountains, features of 333 

streams on 333 

Koheaka Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Koholoina Stream above confluence with 
Halekua Stream, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

Halekua Stream below, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

Kohoma reservoir, rainfall at, records of 450 

Koiawe, rainfall at, records of 479 

Waipio River below, records of flow of . . . 394 
Koiawe Stream near Waipio, records of flow 

of 401 

Kokee, rainfall at, record of 413 

Kokee Stream, discharge measurement 143 

Kolekole Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Koloa, evaporation at, records of 489 

rainfall at, records of 421 

Koloa Sugar Co., assistance by 14 

Konahuanui Peak, rainfall on, records of 434 

Konohiki Stream near Kapaa, records of flow 

of, at Makakualele weir 107-108 

East Branch of, discharge measurement . 143 

North Fork of, discharge measurement . . 143 

Konohiki Stream basin, position of 106-107 

Koolau, Laie well at, section of 193 

Koolau ditch near Huelo, records of flow of, 

at Alo division weir 262-268 

near Keanae, records of flow of 260-262 

near Nahiku, discharge measurements. . 330 

streams contributing to 260 

Koolau ditch region, position of 260 

rainfall in, records of 45.5 

streams and ditches in, records of flow 

of 260-268 

Koolau Mountains, features of 145, 146-147 

lava flows of 146 

Kopiliula, rainfall at, records Of 455 

Koula, Hanapepe ditch at, records of flow 82-85 

Hanapepe River at, records of flow 78-80 

KuMnoa weir near Kapaa, records of flow 

over 110 

position of 107 

Kukaua, rainfall at, records of 423 

Kukaiau mill, rainfall at, records of 475 

Kukaiau Plantation Co. office, rainfall at, 

records of 475 

Kukuihaele, feeder ditch near, discharge 

measurement 402 

New Hamakua ditch at, view of weir on, 

plate showing 346 

rainfall at, records of 477 

Kuktiiula, rainfall at, records of 421 

Kula (Erehwon), rainfall at, records of 460 

Kumunuiakea Stream, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 390 

Kupau camp, rainfall at, records of 455 

Kurtistown, rainfall at, records of 484 



L. Paffe. 

Lahaina, ditches near, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 257 

Honokahau ditch near, records of flow 

of 254-256 

Honokawai Stream near, records of flow 

of 244-246 

Kahoma Stream near, records of flow 

of 242-243 

KauauJa ditch near, discharge measure- 
ment 257 

Kauaula Stream near, discharge measure- 
ment above Piilani ditch 256 

records of flow of 238 

Kauaula weirs near, records of flow over 238-239 
Kehoma ditch near, records of flow of. . 243-244 
Lahainaluna ditch near, miscellaneous 

discharge measurements 257 

Lahainaluna Stream near, records of flow 

of 239-240 

Lahainaluna weirs Nos. 1 and 2 near, 

records of flow over 241 

Launiupoko ditch near, discharge meas- 
urements 257 

Launiupoko Stream near, records of flow 

of 236-237 

Launiupoko tunnel near, discharge meas- 
urement 258 

Old Kahoma ditch near, discharge meas- 
urements 257 

PiUani ditch near, discharge measure- 
ment 257 

waterpumpedat, monthly summary of.. 258 
Lahainaluna ditch near Lahaina, miscella- 
neous discharge measurements . . . 257 
Lahainaluna Stream near Lahaina, records of 

flow of 239-240 

Lahainaluna Stream basin, position of 239 

Lahainaluna weirs near Lahaina, records of 

flow over 241 

Laie well, section of 193 

Lali Stream, discharge measurements 143 

North Fork of, discharge measurement. . 143 
Launiupoko ditch near Lahaina, discharge 

measurement 257 

Launiupoko Stream near Lahaina, records of 

flow of 236-237 

Launiupoko Stream basin, position of 236 

Launiupoko tunnel near Lahaina, discharge 

measurement 258 

Laupahoehoe, raiolall at, records of 470 

streams between Hilo and, miscellaneous 

discharge measurements 390-391 

Laupahoehoe Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Lawai, rainfall at, records of 420-421 

Lawai, East, rainfall at, records of 420 

Lawai Beach, rainfall at, records of 421 

Lawai Stream basin, rainfall in, records of. . . 420 
Legislation providing conservation funds, 

passage of 12 

Lehuamakanoi, rainfall at, record of 411 

Lihue, Hanamaulu ditch near, records of 

flow 98-101 

Hanamaulu River near, records of flow . . 88-89 

Kanaha ditch near, records of flow 105-106 

Lihue ditch near, records of flow 95-98 



INDEX. 



545 



Page. 
Lihue, North Fork of Wailua River near, dia- 
gram showing fluctuations in 

stage of 102 

records of flow 101-105 

rainfall at, records of 423, 424 

South Fork of Wailua River near, rec- 
ords of flow 91-95 

temperature at, records of 492 

Lihue ditch near Lihue, records of flow 95-98 

Low, E. P., assistance by 14 

Low, J. S., assistance by 14 

Lowrie ditch near Hamakuapoko, discharge 

measurements 330 

near Huelo, records of flow of, at Opana 

weir 326-328 

near Keahua, discharge measurements... 330 
Luakaha ditch near Honolulu, records of 

flow of 166-168 

Luakaha, lower and upper, rainfall at, records 

of 435 

Luakaha, upper, evaporation at, records of. . 490 
Luakaha weir. See Luakaha ditch. 
Lualualei Valley, flumes in, discharge meas- 
urements 186 

Lulumaho ditch above reservoir No. 4, dis- 
charge measurements 168 

near Honolulu, records of flow of 164-166 

Lupi, rainfall at, records of . , 457 

Lydgate, Ror. J. M., assistance by 14 

M. 

Mahana, rainfall at, records of 452 

Mahaxflepu, rainfall at, records of 422 

Maiakii Stream above Waiawaawa reservoir, 

discharge measurement 143 

MaUi Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 390 

near Hilo, discharge measurements 390 

Makai tributary of Waianae Stream, dis- 
charge measurements 173 

Makai weir, Anahola ditch at, records of flow 

of 135-137 

Makakualele weir near Kapaa, records of 

flow over 107-108 

position of 107 

Makalapa ditch, miscellaneous discharge 

measm-ements 186 

Makapuu, rainfall at, records of 430 

Makawao, rainfall at, records of 458 

Makawao ditch, discharge measurement 185 

Makawa. Stream, dischrage measurement. . . 185 
Makaweli, Hanapepe ditch near, records of 

flow 85 

Olokele ditch near, records of flow 71-74 

raiufall at, records of 418 

temperature at, records of 492 

Makaweli River, diversions from 70 

near Waimea, records of flow 70-71 

Makaweli River basin, area and position of. . 70- 

rainfall in 70 

records of 415-416 

Makaweli River basin, streams in 70 

Makea Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 391 

Makee Sugar Ck)., assistance by 14 

Makoewai Stream, diversion flume from, dis- 
charge measurement 390 

74323°— wsp 318—13 35 



Page. 
Makoewai Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Malruone-Kahana divide, rainfall on, record 

of 415 

Makuone-Waialae divide, rainfall on, record 

of 415 

Mana Pump, rainfall at, record of 416 

temperature at, records of 492 

Maniania ditch near WaUuku, records of flow 

of 222-224 

Manianiaula, Waiahole Stream at, records of 

flow of 177-180 

Manoa, rainfall at, records of 431 

Manoa ditch, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements of 160 

Manoa- KaUua divide, rainfall on, records of. . 431 
Manoa-Pauoa divide, rainfall on, records of. 431-432 

Manoa Stream, branches of 152 

miscellaneous discharge measurements... 159 
near Honolulu, records of flow of, at col- 
lege of Hawaii 155-157 

records of flow of, at upper end of 

valley 152-155 

at Waialae road 157-159 

Manoa Stream, East Branch, discharge meas- 
urement 159 

Manoa Stream, Middle Branch, discharge 

measurement 159 

Manoa Stream, West Branch, discharge meas- 
urement 159 

Manoa Stream basin, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements in 159-160 

position of 152 

rainfall in, records of 431,432 

springs in 152 

Manoloa Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Manowaiopae Stream, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 391 

" Man's water," definition of 24 

Manuahi Stream above confluence with Han- 
apepe River, discharge measure- 
ment 143 

Martin, W. F., work of 13 

Maui Agricultural Co., assistance by 14 

water pumped by, montlily summary of. 331 

Maul Island, agricultural products of 199 

area of 197 

coral along coasts of 198 

craters of 198 

forestation on 198 

gaging stations on, list of 33-35 

map of, showing location of gaging sta- 
tions End of volume. 

position of 197 

rainfall on 198 

records of 443-460 

roads on 199 

shore line of 198 

streams of 198 

list of 507-508 

temperature on, records of 494 

towns on , 199 

Maui Island, East, agaof. ^ 198 

canyons of 198 

Ditch country of, records of flow in 260-330 



546 



INDEX. 



Page. 
Maul Island, Ditch country of, water supply 

of 259 

forestation on 198 

pumped water on, montMy summary 

of 331-332 

pumping plants on, miscellaneous meas- 
urements of 331 

rainfall on 198, 259 

records of 443 

Streams, ditches, and pumping plants on, 
miscellaneous discharge measure- 
ments 330-331 

Streams of, character of 259 

list of 507-508 

topography of 198 

Maui Island, West, age of 197 

canyons of 197 

erosion on 197 

pumped water on 258 

rainfall on 198 

records of 

streams and ditches of, miscellaneous 

measurements of 256-258 

. streams of, list of 507 

records of flow of 199-256 

vegetation on 198 

Mauka tributary of Waianae Stream, dis- 
charge measurements 173 

Maulua Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Mauna Kea, altitude of 334 

features of 333-334 

rainfall on 334 

rainfall on eastern slope of, records of. . 465-468 
rainfall on northern slope of, records of. . 471-475 

streams on 334 

records of flow of 336-389 

Mauna Loa, altitude of 334 

craters of 334-335 

features of 334-335 

Maunawili ditch, discharge measurement 185 

MaunawUi ranch, rainfall at, records of 442 

McBryde ditch, discharge measurement 144 

McBryde Sugar Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 14 

McCandless, L. L., assistance by 14 

MoCrosson, J. T., assistance by 14 

McMaster, J. C, assistance by 14 

MenefogUo, Alfred, assistance by 14 

Meyer, Frederick, assistance by 14 

Middle Fork. See name of main stream. 

Miller, E. E., assistance by 14 

MUlion gallons, definition of 24 

Mill reservoir ditch near Aiea, discharge meas- 
urements 186 

Miner's inch, definition of 24 

Mission water head, discharge measurement . 392 
Moanalua, flowing weUs near, discharge meas- 
urements 189 

rainfall at, records of 436 

Moanalulu Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Moaula, rainfall at, records of 461 

Mohihi-Koaie divide, rainfall on, record of. .. 411 
Mohihi Stream near Waimea, records of flow. 52-56 
Mohihi Upper Crossing, rainfaU at, record of. 412 
MokLhana Stream, discharge measurements.. 143 



Page. 

Mokupea, rainfall at, records of 452 

Molokai Island, area and position of 196 

population of 196 

streams of 197 

topography of 196 

Molokoa, rainfall at, records of 423 

Mountain View, rainfall at, records of 484 

Mount Olympus, rainfall at, records of 431 

Multiple-point methods of measuring stream 

flow 20 

Myers, J. R., assistance by 14 

N. 

Naalehu, evaporation at, records of 491 

rainfall at, records of 483 

Nahiku, Koolau ditch near, discharge meas- 
urements 330 

rainfall at, records of 454 

temperature at, records of 494 

Nailulihaele Stream near Huelo, discharge 

measurements 330 

records of flow of 298-301 

Nailiflihaele weir, New Hamakua ditch at, 

records of flow of 318-320 

NailiUihaeleliilii Stream near Huelo, above 
intake of Old Hamakua ditch, 

discharge measurements 330 

Namahana Peak, altitude of 128 

Nanue Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 391 

Nawiliwili Stream basin, rainfall in, records 

of 423-424 

Needle, The, lao Valley, view of, plate show- 
ing 198 

New Hamakua ditch. See Hamakua ditch, 

New. 
Ninole Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 391 

Niulii, rainfall at, records of 480 

Nuuanu, well in, section of 192 

Nuuanu Pali, rainfall at, records of 434 

Nuuanu Stream at Honolulu, records of flow 

of 163-164 

diversions from 163 

miscellaneous discharge measurements of. 168 
Nuuanu Stream, East Fork, discharge meas- 
urements 168 

Nuuanu Stream, West tributary, discharge 

measurements 168 

Nuuanu Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements in 168 

position of 163 

rainfall in 163 

records of 434-435, 436 

O. 

Oahu Island, agricultural products of 148 

area of 145 

artesian water supply of 147 

coral reefs of 147 

evaporation on, records of 490-491 

forestation of 148 

gaging stations on, list of 33 

map of, showing location of gaging sta- 
tions End of volume. 

mountain ranges of 145-147 

population of 148 



INDEX. 



547 



Page. 

Oahu Island, position and shape of 145 

rainfall on 148 

records of 429-443 

sections of wells on 191-193 

shore line of 147 

springs and artesian wells of 187-196 

streams of, character of 148 

list of 506-507 

miscellaneous discharge measure- 
ments of 186 

records of flow of 148-185 

temperature on, records of 493 

transportation facilities on 148 

wells on 147 

Oahu Sugar Co. (Ltd.), assistance by 14 

water pimiped by, at Waipahu, monthly 

summary of 193-194 

Oanui Stream near Huelo, records of flow 

of 303-306 

Okole Strewn, Hawaii, discharge measure- 
ment 391 

Olaa flume, discharge measurement 392 

Olaa mill, rainfall at, records of 485 

Old Kahoma ditch. See Kahonia ditch. Old. 

Olinda, rainfall at, records of 457 

Olokele ditch, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements of 144 

near Makaw eli, records of flow 71-74 

rainfall at, record of 416 

Olokele mauka, rainfall at, record of 416 

Olokele Stream, diversions from 70 

Olowalu, Olowalu ditch near, records of 

flow 235-236 

rainfaU at, records of 450 

Ukiunehame Stream near, records of 

flow 234-235 

Olowalu ditch near Olowalu, records of flow 

of 235-236 

Olowalu mauka, rainfall at, records of 449 

Olowalu Stream basin, position of 235 

rainfaU in, records of 449-450 

Olowalu Sugar Co., assistance bj' 14 

Olympus, Mount, rainfaU at, records of 431 

Onomea Stream, discharge measurements 390 

Ookala, rainfall at, records of 471 

Oopuola Stream near Huelo, records of flow 

of 278- 281 

Opaeula-Anahula divide, rainfall on, records 

of 441 

Opana ditch near Huelo, records of flow of. . 317-318 
Opana Stream near Huelo, records of flow of. 316 
Opana weir, Lowrie ditch at, records of flow 

of 326-328 

Old Hamakua ditch at, records of flow 

of 322-324 

Opea Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measmrements 391 

P. 

Paauhau mauka, rainfall at, records of 476 

Paauhau, rainfall at, records of 476 

Paauilo, rainfall at, records of 476 

Pahala, rainfall at, records of 483 

temperature at, records of 495 

Pahoa, rainfall at, records of 485 



Page. 
Paia, water pumped at, by Maui Agricultural 

Co., monthly summary of 331 

Pailolo Channel, width of 197 

Palama ditch above Wailiflni, discharge meas- 
urement 257 

Palolo ditch near Waikapu, records of flow 

of 231-233 

Palolo Stream, branches of 148 

discharge measurement of, on lower 

Palolo road 152 

diversions from 148 

Palolo Stream basin, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements in 152 

position of. 148 

rainfall in, records of 431 

Papaa (Kulanakii) Stream, miscellaneous 

discharge measurements 3 91 

Papaaloa, rainfall at, records of 470 

Papaaloa Stream, discharge measurements . . 391 

Papaikou, rainfall at, records of 468 

Papaikou Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Parker Stream, discharge measurements 184 

Paukahana, rainfall at, record of 411 

Pauoa ditch, discharge measurements 163 

Pauoa-Manoa divide, rainfall on, records of. . 432 
Pauoa Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements of 163 

near Honolulu, records of flow of 160-162 

Pauoa Stream basin, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements in 163 

position of. 160 

springs in 160 

Peahi weir. Haiku ditch at, records of flow 

of 328-330 

Pearl Harbor, springs aroimd, miscellaneous 

measurements 190 

weUs around, miscellaneous measure- 
ments 190-191 

Penhallow, H. B ., assistance by 14 

Pepeekeo, Kawainui River near, flume and 
trestle across, plate showing view 

of 346 

Kawainui River near, records of flow of. . 345 

rainfall at, records of 469 

Pepeekeo Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Pierce, C. H., work of 13 

Piilani ditch near Lahaina, discharge 

measurement 257 

Pioneer Mill Co., assistance by 14 

monthly summary of water pumped by, 

at Lahaina 258 

Pipe ditch near Kapaa, records of flow of, at 

Kapahi 123-125 

Pogue, W. F., assistance by 14 

Pohakunanaka Stream, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 390 

Pohakupili, rainfall at, records of 426 

Pohakupuka Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Poomau River, head of Waimea River 39 

Poopoo Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Poowaiomahalhai ditch near Waimea, rec- 
ords of flow 75-76 



548 



INDEX. 



Page. 
Power ditch (diversion from Kealia River), 
miscellaneous discharge measure- 
ments of 144 

Price current meters, view of, plate showing. 20 
PrinceviUe Plantation Co. (Ltd.), assistance 

by 14 

Puakea ranch, rainfall at, records of 481 

PubUc Land Department, assistance by 13 

PubUc Works Department, assistance by.... 13 

Pueo, rainfall at, records of 426 

Pukele Stream near Mahoe Springs, discharge 

measurement 152 

Waiomao Stream above, records of flow 

of 149-151 

Pukihae Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Pumping plants. East Maui, miscellaneous 

measurements of 331 

West Maui, miscellaneous measurements 

of 258 

Punahoa, Hilo water reservation at, discharge 

measurement 392 

Mission water head at, discharge meas- 
urement 392 

Punaluu, rainfall at, records of 456 

spring at, flow of 408 

Punaluu Stream above diversions, discharge 

measurements 177 

near Hauula, records of flow of 176 

Punaluu Stream basin, miscellaneous meas- 
urements in 177 

position of 176 

Punchbowl reservoir, evaporation at, rec- 
ords of 491 

Puohakamoa Stream near Huelo, records of 

flow of 271-273 

Pupukea, rainfall at, records of 441 

Putnam, A. B ., assistance by 14 

Puu Alaea Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Puu Eu Peak, altitude of Ill, 128 

Puuhi, rainfall at, records of 422 

Puu Kihe, rainfall at, records of 471 

Puu Kukui Mountain, altitude of 197 

rainfall on, records of 450, 451 

Puuloa, rainfall at, records of 437 

Puuloa ditch near Aiea, discharge measure- 
ments 186 

Puu Lua, evaporation at, records of 488 

rainfall at, record of 414 

Puu Moi Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 390 

Puunene, rainfall at, records of 459 

water pumped at, by Hawaiian Commer- 
cial & Sugar Co., monthly sum- 
mary of 332 

Puuohua Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Puu Olii Stream, discharge measurement 391 

Puuomalei, Kaluanui ditch at, records of flow 

of 324-326 

rainfall at, records of 458 

Puu Oo, rainfall at, records of 463 

Puuwaawaa, rainfall at, records of 481 



Pv. Page. 

Rainfall, methods of procuring records of. . 408-409 

records of, on Hawaii Island 462-486 

on Kahoolawe Island 443, 460-461 

on Kauai Island 409-429 

on Maui Island 443-460 

on Oahu Island 429-443 

Rainfall stations, lists of, Hawaii Island... 462,486 

lists of, Kauai Island 429 

Maui and Kahoolawe Islands 444, 461 

Oahu Island 430,443 

Rain gages, types of 408-409 

types of, view of , plate showing 408 

Rating curves, construction of 26 

Rating tables, application of, assumptions 

concerning 26 

Renton, G. P., assistance by 14 

Rice, C. A., assistance by 14 

Rice, cultivation of, view of, plate showing. . 14 
Rice ditch near Kapaa, discharge measure- 
ment 144 

Robertson, G. H., assistance by 13 

Run-oS in inches, definition of 24 

S. 

Sanborn, W. F., assistance by 14 

Schnack, A. G., work of 13 

Schofield Barracks, rainfall at, records of 438 

temperature at, records of 493 

Schulz, H. R., work of 13 

Scott, John A., assistance by 14 

Searle, R. C, assistance by 14 

Second-feet per square mile, definition of 24 

Second-foot, definition of 23 

Sedgwick, T. F., assistance by 14 

Single-point methods of measuring stream 

flow 21 

South Fork. See name of main stream. 

Spalding, R. P., assistance by 14 

Spreckels ditch, head of 268 

near Huelo, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements 330 

records of flow of, at station No. 1 . 281-283 

at station No. 2 284 

at station No. 3 285-287 

at station No. 4 287-289 

at station No. 5 290-291 

at station No. 6 291-292 

at station No. 7 292-293 

at station No. 8 293-294 

near Waihee, records of flow of 206-208 

near WaUuku, records of flow of, at 

Waiale weir 208-210 

Spreckels ditch region, rainfall in, records 

of 455,456 

streams and ditches in, records of flow 

of 268-294 

Streams in 268 

Spreckelsville, rainfall at, records of 459 

Stewart, J. B., work of 13 

Stockman, William B. , assistance by 13 

Stodart, William, assistance by 14 

Stream flow, field methods used in measur- 
ing 16-23 

multiple-point metiods of measuring 20 

office methods of computing and study- 
ing '.. 26-29 



INDEX. 



549 



Page. 
Stream flow, single-point methods of measur- 
ing 21 

units of measurement of, definition of . . . 23-24 

velocity-area measurements of 19-23 

vertical integration method of measuring . 21 
vertical velocity curve method of meas- 
uring 20 

weir measurements of 17-18 

Sugar cane and irrigation ditch, view of, 

plate showing 14 

Summit Camp, rainfall at, records of 425 

Survey Department, assistance by 13 

Swanzy, F. M., assistance by 13 

T. 

Tables, explanation of 29-31 

Tantalus (Isenberg), rainfall at, records of. . . 431 

Tantalus, temperature at, records of 493 

Taro, cultivation of, view of, plate showing. . 15 

Temperature records, Hawaii Islands 493 

Kauai Island 492-493 

Oahu Island 493 

variations in 491-492 

Templeton, W. M., assistance by 14 

Tenney, E. D., assistance by 13 

Terms, definition of 23-24 

Tripp, George, assistance by 14 

Tucker, J. D., assistance by 13 

Tunnel ditch near Kapaa, records of flow of, 

at Kapahi 118-120 

U. 
Uhakauwai Stream near Hilo, discharge 

measin:ements 390 

Ukulele, rainfaU at, records of 457 

Ukumehame Stream near Olowalu, records 

of flow of 234-235 

Ukumehame Stream basin, position of 234 

Umikoa ranch, rainfall at, records of 473-474 

Units of measurements of stream flow 23-24 

Uwau Stream above mouth, discharge 

measurements 183 

V. 

Velocity, determination of 19-22 

Velocity, pasition of thread of mean 21 

Velocity-area gaging station, view of, plate 

showing 16 

Velocity-area measurements, methods used in 19-23 
Vertical integration method of measuring 

stream flow .^ 21 

Vertical velocity curve method of measuring 

stream flow 20 

Volcano House, rainfall at, records of 484 

W. 

Wading stations, measurements at 22 

Wahiawa, North Fork of Kaukonahua Stream 

near, records of flow of 170 

Wahiawa, rainfall at, records of 440 

reservoir ditch near, discharge measure- 
ments 186 

records of flow of 171-172 

South Fork of Kaukonahua Stream near, 

records of flow of 169-170 

Wahiawa reservoir ditch, gaging station on, 

view of, plate showing 16 

miscellaneous discharge measurements.. 186 
near Wahiawa, records of flow of 171-172 



Page. 
Wahiawa Stream basin, rainfall in, records 

of 419-420 

Wahiawa Water Co. (ltd.), assistance by . .•. . . 14 
Waiaaraa Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measnren-ients 390 

Waiahi, rainfall at, records of 425 

Waiahole, Waiahole. Stream at, records of 

flow of 180-181 

Waiahole Stream, branches of 178 

ditches from, miscellaneous discharge 

meas'irements. ±83-184 

gaging station on, view of, plate showing. 16 
miscellaneous discharge measurements of. 183 
near Waikane, records of flow of, at 

Manianiaula 178-180 

records of flow of, at Waiahole 180-181 

Waiahole Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements in 183-184 

position of 178 

Waiahole- Waiawa divide, rainfall on, records 

of 438 

Waiaka bridge, Kekaha ditch near, discharge 

measurements 144 

Waiakea mill, rainfall at, records of 465 

Waiakoali camp, evaporation at, records of. . 487 
rainfall and evaporation station at, view 

of, plate showing 346 

rainfall at, record of 413 

Waiakoali Stream near Waimea, records of 

flow 48-52 

Waialae-Makuone divide, rainfall on, record 

of 415 

Waialae Stream abo^e confluence with 
Waimea River, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

near Waimea, rainfall at, record of 414 

records of flow 56-59 

unnamed tributary of, discharge measure- 
ment 143 

Waiale weir, Spreckels ditch at, records of 

flow of 208-210 

Waialeale Mountain, altitude of 36 

rainfall on, record of 415 

Waiaiua, rainfaU at, records of 414 

Waial'ia, water pumped at, by Waiaiua 
Agricultural Co., monthly sum- 
mary of 195-196 

Waiahia Agricultural Co., assistance by 14 

water pumped by, monthly summary 

of 195-196 

Waiaiua mill, rainfall at , records of 440 

Waianae, temperature at, records of 493 

Waianae Co., assistance by 14 

Waianae mauka, rainfall at, records of 439 

Waianae Mill, rainfall at, records of 440 

Waianae Mountains, area of 145 

erosion of 145 

Waianae Stream, discharge measurements, 

miscellaneous 173 

Waianae Stream, West Fork, discharge meas- 
urements 173 

Waianae Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements in 173 

position of 173 

rainfall in, records of 439 

Waianu ditches, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 186 



550 



INDEX. 



Page. 
Waianu Stream, ditches from, discharge 

measurements 183 

misc^laneous discharge measurements. . . 183 

near Waikane, records of flow of 182 

Waianu Stream, Middle Fork, discharge 

measurements 183 

Waianu Stream, North Fork, discharge meas- 
urements 183 

Waianu Stream, South Fork, discharge meas- 
urements 183 

Waianu Stream basin, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements in 183 

Waiapele Lake, features of 335 

Waiawaawa reservoir, Maiakii Stream above, 

discharge measurement 143 

Waiawa, evaporation at, records of 488 

rainfall at, record of 416, 438 

Waiawa ditch, discharge measurements 180 

Waiawa Stream basin, rainfall in, records of. . 438 
Waiawa-Waiahole divide^ rainfall on, rec- 
ords of 438 

Waiehu, Maui, rainfall at, records of 445 

Waiehu ditch near WaUuku, Maui, records of 

flow of 212-215 

Waiehu Falls, Kaui Island, South Fork of 
WaUua River above, records of 

flow 94-95 

view of, plate showing 38 

Waiehu Stream, Hawaii, discharge measure- 
ments 391 

Waiehu Stream, Maui Island, branches of 210 

diversions from 210 

Waiehu Stream, North, Maui Island, near 

WaUuku, records of flow of 211-212 

Waiehu Stream, South, Maui Island, near 

Wailuku, discharge measurement 256 

near Wailuku, records of flow of 215-217 

Waiehu Stream basin, Maui, position and 

area of 210 

Waihee, Maui, Kapuna ditch (north side) 

above, discharge measurements. . 257 

rainfall at, records of 445 

Spreckels ditch near, records of flow of. . .206-208 
Waihee canal near, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 257 

records of flow of 202-204 

Waihee Stream near, records of flow of. 199-202 
Waihee canal near Waihee, Maui, miscella- 
neous discharge measurements. . . 257 
near Waihee, Maui, records of flow of. . 202-204 
near WaQuku, Maui, discharge measure- 
ments 257 

records of flow of 205-206 

Waihee Stream, diversions from 199 

near Waihee, discharge measurement 256 

records of flow of 199-202 

Waihee Stream basin, area of 199 

position of 199 

rainfall in 199 

records of 444-445 

Waihee tunnels. Upper and Lower, above 

Waihee, discharge measurements. 258 
Waihee water development tunnel, rainfall at, 

records of 444 

Waihi Stream, miscellaneous discharge meas- 
urements of 183, 186 

near Waikane, records of flow of 181 



Page. 
Waihoi, rainfall at, records of 453 

WaikakaJaua Stream basin, rainfall in, records 

of 438 

Waikamoi mauka, rainfall at, records of 456 

Waikamoi, rainfafl at, records of 456 

Waikamoi Stream near Huelo, records of flow 

of 276-278 

Waikane, Halona Stream near, records of flow 

of 182 

Waiahole Stream near, records of flow 

of 17&-181 

Waianu Stream near, records of flow of... 182 

Waihi Stream near, records of flow of 181 

Waikane ditch, discharge measurements 186 

Waikane Stream, discharge measurements... 178 
diversions from, discharge measurements. 178 
Waikane Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements in 178 

position of. 177 

Waikapu, Palolo ditch near, records of flow- 

of 231-233 

rainfall at, records of 449 

South-Side Waikapu ditch near, records 

of flow of 228-230 

Waikapu Stream near, discharge measiu'e- 

ments 256 

records of flow of 225-227 

Waikapu ditch. South Side, near Waikapu, 

records of flow of 228-230 

Waikapu Stream near Waikapu, miscella- 
neous discharge measurements. . . 256 

records of flow of 225-227 

Waikapu Stream basin, features of 225 

rainfall in, records of 448-449 

Waikapu tunnel No. 1 near Waikapu, dis- 
charge measui-ement 258 

Waikapu water development tunnel, rainfall 

at, records of 448 

Waikaumalo, rainfall at, records of 470 

Waikaumalo Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Waikoko Stream, discharge measurement... 143 
Waikolo Stream, discharge measurements . . . 391 

Waflua River, Kaui, branches of 90 

diversions from 90-91 

Wailua River, North Fork, divide between 
Hanalei River and, rainfaU on, 

records of 425 

divide between Kapaa River and, rainfall 

on, records of 426 

near Lihue, diagram showing fluctua- 
tions in stage of 102 

records of flow 101-105 

view of, plate showing 19 

Wailua River, South Fork of falls on, plate 

showing view of 38 

near Lihue, records of flow above Waiehu 

Falls 94-95 

records of flow at siphon 91-94 

Wailua River basin, Kaui. e.xtent and posi- 
tion of 90 

rainfall in 90 

records of 425 

storage sites in 91 

topography of . , 90 

Wailua Stream, Hawaii, miscellaneous dis- 
charge measurements 391 



INDEX. 



551 



Page. 

Wailuku, Maui, Culvert Creek near, discharge 

measurement 256 

ditches above, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 257 

lao Stream near, discharge measure- 
ments above and below gaging 

station 256 

records of flow of 218-221 

lao tunnels near, discharge measure- 
ments 258 

Kalana Auwai ditch above, discharge 

measurement 257 

Kama Auwai ditch above, discharge 

measurements 257 

Maniania ditch near, records of flow of. 222-224 

Wailuku mill, rainfall at, records of 448 

Wailuku mission, rainfall at, records of 447 

North Waiehu ditch near, records of 

flow of 212-215 

North Waiehu Stream near, records of 

flow of 211-212 

Palama ditch above, discharge measure- 
ment 257 

rainfall at, records of 447 

South Waiehu Stream near, discharge 

measurement. 256 

records of flow of 215-217 

Spreckels ditch near, records of flow of. 208-210 

temperature at, records of 494 

Walhee canal near, discharge measure- 
ments 257 

records of flow of 205-206 

Walbridge ditch above, discharge meas- 
urement 257 

Wailuku River basin. Hawaii, features of 337 

Wailuku River, Hawaii, diversions from 337 

near Hilo, discharge, area, and mean 

velocity curves for 339 

minimum discharge of 347 

records of flow of 337-340 

tributaries of 337 

combined flow of 347 

view of, plate showing 334 

Wailuku Sugar Co., assistance by 14 

Waima, New Hamakua ditch at, records of 

flow of ; . 395 

Waipio River below, records of flow of. . 394-395 
Waima Stream near Waipio, records of 

flow of 402 

Waimalino Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Waimalu, rainfall at, records of 437 

Waimalu ditch, discharge measurements 186 

Waimalu Stream above all ditches, discharge 

measurement 186 

Waimalu Stream basin, rainfall at, records of. 437 

Waimalu-uka, rainfall at, records of 437 

Waimanalo, rainfall at, records of 443 

Waimanalo ditch, capacity of 185 

I Waimanalo reservoir, KaUua ditch above, 

discharge measurements 185 

springs and ditches above, discharge meas- 
urements 185 

Waimanalo Stream basin, miscellaneous dis- 

\ charge measurements in 185 

i position of. 185 



Page. 

Waimanalo Stream basin, water diverted to, 

from Kailua Stream basin 185 

Waimea, Hawaii, rainfall at, records of 479 

temperature at, records of 495 

Waimea, Kaui, Kamenehune ditch near, rec- 
ords of flow 68-69 

Kawaikoi Stream near, records of flow. . . 43-48 

Kekaha ditch near, records of flow 59-67 

Makaweli River near, records of flow 70-71 

Mohihi Stream near, records of flow 52-56 

Poowaiomahaihai ditch near, records of 

flow 75-76 

rainfall at camp No. 7 near, record of 417 

Waiakoali Stream near, records of flow . . 48-52 

Waialae Stream near, records of flow 56-59 

Waimea ditch near 67-68 

Waimea River near, records of flow 40-43 

Waimea Canyon, features of 37 

rainfall near, record of 414 

Waimea ditch near Waimea, Kaui 67-68 

Waimea River, Kaui, above confluence with 
Koale Stream, discharge meas- 
urement 143 

Waimea River basin, Kaui, area of 39 

rainfall in 39 

records of 411-414 

streams in 39 

Waimea River, near Waimea, Kaui, records of 

flow 40-43 

Waialae Stream above confluence, with 

discharge measurement 143 

Waimea Sugar Mill Co. (Ltd.), assistance by. 14 

Wainaku flume, discharge measurement 392 

Wainamuamu weir, near Kapaa, records of 

flow over 109 

position of 107 

Wainiha, Wainiha canal near, records of 

flow 139-142 

Wainiha River near, records of flow 139 

Wainitta and Waimea rivers, divide between, 

record of rainfall on 410 

Wainiha canal, near Wainiha, records of flow 

of, at intake 139-140 

records of flow of, at tailrace 142 

at tunnel No. 18 141-142 

rainfaU at intake of, records of 428 

streams tributary to, discharge measure- 
ments 143 

Wainiha ditch at gage No. 7, discharge meas- 
urement 144 

Wainiha River, diversions from 139 

near Wainiha, records of flow of, at power 

house 139 

tributaries of 139 

Wainiha River basin, area and position of . . . 139 

rainfaU in 139 

record of 428-429 

Waiomao, rainfaU at, records of 431 

Waiomao ditch, discharge measurements 152 

Waiomao Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements of 152 

near Honolxilu, records of flow of 149-151 

Waiopae ranch, rainfall at, records of 460 

Waipa Stream, discharge measurement 143 

Waipahu, Oahu, ditches near, discharge meas- 
urements 186 



552 



INDEX. 






Page. 

Waipahu, Oahu, rainfall at, records of 439 

water pumped at, by Oahu Sugar Co., 

monthly summary of 193-194 

Waipio, Hawaii, Alakahi Stream near, records 

of flow of '10()-401 

branches of Kawainui Stream near, rec- 
ords of flow of 399-400 

Kawainui of Waipio River near, records 

of flow of 393,398-399 

Koiawe Stream near, records of flow of. . . 401 
Waima Stream near, records of flow of. . . 402 
Waipio River near, records of flow of . . . 394-395 
Waipio, Maui, Waipio River near, records of 

flow of 298 

Waipio River, Hawaii, near Waipio, records 

of flow of 394-395 

use of, for irrigation 333 

Waipio River, Maui, records of flow of 298 

Waipio River basin, Hawaii, features of 392 

position of 392 

rainfall in, 1901-1902 398 

records of 478-479 

records of flow of in, in 1901-1902 397-402 

springs in 392 

streams and ditches of 392 



Page. 
Waipahoehoe Stream, diversion flume from, 

discharge measurements 390 

miscellaneous discharge measurements ... 390 

Waipunalei Stream, discharge measurement. 402 
Walbridge ditch (south side) above Wailuku 

discharge measurement 257 

Wall, W. A., assistance by 14 

Wall, W. E., assistance by 13 

Weather Bureau, Hawaiian section, assist- 
ance by 13 

Welnrick, William, jr., assistance by 14 

Weinzheimer, Ludwig, assistance by 14 

Weir gaging station, view of, plate showing. . 16 
Weir measurements, accuracy of results of... 17-18 
comparison of, with current-meter meas- 
urements 18 

diagram showing comparison of, with 

current meter measurements 18 

Weloka Stream, miscellaneous discharge 

measurements 391 

Whittemore, George S., assistance by 14 

Wilcox ditch, rainfall at, records of 422 

Wilcox, C. H., assistance by 14 

Wilcox, E. v., appointed member of board 

of allotment 12 

Wooten, W. P., assistance by 14 



o 




«2d Conr. 3d S*i«. 



552 



INDEX. 



552. 



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